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Journal articles on the topic 'Bandwidth'
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Purwanto, Heri, Mukhtar Hanafi, and Bambang Pujiarto. "Optimasi Bandwidth Jaringan Internet SMAN 4 Magelang Menggunakan Traffic Shapping Per Connection Queue (PCQ)." Jurnal Komtika 1, no. 1 (June 12, 2017): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/komtika.v1i1.1681.
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 SMAN 4 Magelang ialah salah satu sekolah yang membutuhkan internet sebagai salah satu media dalam mencari informasi, akan tetapi bandwidth yang dialokasikan untuk pengguna internet belum diatur dengan baik, sehingga bandwidth yang tersedia belum mampu memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna internet secara optimal. Selain itu, SMAN 4 Magelang memiliki perilaku aktifitas yang berbeda - beda dalam menggunakan internet. Aktivitas penggunaan internet tersebut diantaranya browsing, mailing, chatting, streaming, dan download. Penggunaan internet yang berbeda tersebut membutuhkan pengaturan dalam pembagian bandwith internet agar pengguna internet menerima alokasi bandwidth sesuai dengan kebutuhan penggunaan internet. Pengaturan bandwith untuk kebutuhan internet dilakukan dengan menggunakan Traffic Shapping yang mengatur bandwidth internet untuk pengguna internet sesuai dengan aktivitas penggunaan internet. Traffic Shapping PCQ memastikan bahwa setiap pengguna dalam satu jaringan mendapatkan bandwith yang sama dengan membatasi besar bandwidth per alamat IP pengguna internet sehingga tidak mempengaruhi kecepatan koneksi internet pengguna yang lain. Hasil penelitian ini dapat mengoptimalkan bandwidth internet untuk memenuhi kebutuhan pengguna internet di SMAN 4 Magelang.
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CAMPBELL, J. C., H. NIE, C. LENOX, G. KINSEY, P. YUAN, A. L. HOLMES, and B. G. STREETMAN. "HIGH SPEED RESONANT-CAVITY InGaAs/InAlAs AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES." International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems 10, no. 01 (March 2000): 327–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129156400000350.
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The evolution of long-haul optical fiber telecommunications systems to bit rates greater than 10 GB/s has created a need for avalanche photodiodes (APDs) with higher bandwidths and higher gain-bandwidth products than are currently available. It is also desirable to maintain good quantum efficiency and low excess noise. At present, the best performance (f3dB ~ 15 GHz at low gain and gain-bandwidth product ~ 150 GHz) has been achieved by AlInAs/InGaAs(P) multiple quantum well (MQW) APDs. In this paper we report a resonant-cavity InAlAs/InGaAs APD that operates near 1.55 μm. These APDs have achieved very low noise (k equivalent to 0.18) as a result of the very thin multiplication regions that were utilized. The low noise is explained in terms of a new model that accounts for the non-local nature of impact ionization. A unity-gain bandwith of 24 GHz and a gain-bandwidth-product of 290 GHz were achieved.
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Bauder, Javan M., David R. Breininger, M. Rebecca Bolt, Michael L. Legare, Christopher L. Jenkins, and Kevin McGarigal. "The role of the bandwidth matrix in influencing kernel home range estimates for snakes using VHF telemetry data." Wildlife Research 42, no. 5 (2015): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14233.
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Context Despite the diversity of available home range estimators, no single method performs equally well in all circumstances. It is therefore important to understand how different estimators perform for data collected under diverse conditions. Kernel density estimation is a popular approach for home range estimation. While many studies have evaluated different kernel bandwidth selectors, few studies have compared different formulations of the bandwidth matrix using wildlife telemetry data. Additionally, few studies have compared the performance of kernel bandwidth selectors using VHF radio-telemetry data from small-bodied taxa. Aims In this study, we used eight different combinations of bandwidth selectors and matrices to evaluate their ability to meet several criteria that could be potentially used to select a home range estimator. Methods We used handheld VHF telemetry data from two species of snake displaying non-migratory and migratory movement patterns. We used subsampling to estimate each estimator’s sensitivity to sampling duration and fix rate and compared home range size, the number of disjunct volume contours and the proportion of telemetry fixes not included in those contours among estimators. Key Results We found marked differences among bandwidth selectors with regards to our criteria but comparatively little difference among bandwidth matrices for a given bandwidth selector. Least-squares cross-validation bandwidths exhibited near-universal convergence failure whereas likelihood cross-validation bandwidths showed high sensitivity to sampling duration and fix rate. The reference, plug-in and smoothed cross-validation bandwidths were more robust to variation in sampling intensity, with the former consistently producing the largest estimates of home range size. Conclusions Our study illustrates the performance of multiple kernel bandwidth estimators for estimating home ranges with datasets typical of many small-bodied taxa. The reference and plug-in bandwidths with an unconstrained bandwidth matrix generally had the best performance. However, our study concurs with earlier studies indicating that no single home range estimator performs equally well in all circumstances. Implications Although we did not find strong differences between bandwidth matrices, we encourage the use of unconstrained matrices because of their greater flexibility in smoothing data not parallel to the coordinate axes. We also encourage researchers to select an estimator suited to their study objectives and the life history of their study organism.
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Zuli, Faizal. "PENERAPAN METODE SIMPLE QUEUE UNTUK MANAJEMEN BANDWITH DENGAN ROUTER MIKROTIK." JURNAL SATYA INFORMATIKA 1, no. 1 (August 13, 2023): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59134/jsk.v1i1.419.
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Manajemen Bandwidth adalah proses mengukur dan mengontrol komunikasi (lalu lintas, paket) pada link jaringan, untuk menghindari mengisi link untuk kapasitas atau overfilling link, yang akan mengakibatkan kemacetan jaringan dan kinerja yang buruk. Maksud dari manajemen bandwidth ini adalah bagaimana kita menerapkan pengalokasian atau pengaturan bandwidth dengan menggunakan sebuah PC Router Mikrotik. Manajemen bandwith memberikan kemampuan untuk mengatur bandwidth jaringan dan memberikan level layanan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan prioritas sesuai dengan permintaan pelanggan. Perusahaan umumnya membutuhkan manajemen bandwidth untuk membantu mengatasi padatnya trafik broadcast yang dapat menggangu kecepatan dalam jaringan yang menyebabkan koneksi jaringan menjadi lambat. Dalam hal ini menggunakan Router Mikrotik adalah salah satu solusi untuk menangani masalah tersebut, dengan cara mengatur bandwidth sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing bagian.
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Zuli, Faizal. "MANAJEMEN BANDWITH DENGAN METODE SIMPLE QUEUE." JURNAL SATYA INFORMATIKA 2, no. 2 (August 14, 2023): 22–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.59134/jsk.v2i2.427.
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Manajemen Bandwidth adalah proses mengukur dan mengontrol komunikasi (lalu lintas, paket) pada link jaringan, untuk menghindari mengisi link untuk kapasitas atau overfilling link, yang akan mengakibatkan kemacetan jaringan dan kinerja yang buruk. Maksud dari manajemen bandwidth ini adalah bagaimana kita menerapkan pengalokasian atau pengaturan bandwidth dengan menggunakan sebuah PC Router Mikrotik. Manajemen bandwith memberikan kemampuan untuk mengatur bandwidth jaringan dan memberikan level layanan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan prioritas sesuai dengan permintaan pelanggan. Perusahaan umumnya membutuhkan manajemen bandwidth untuk membantu mengatasi padatnya trafik broadcast yang dapat menggangu kecepatan dalam jaringan yang menyebabkan koneksi jaringan menjadi lambat. Dalam hal ini menggunakan Router Mikrotik adalah salah satu solusi untuk menangani masalah tersebut, dengan cara mengatur bandwidth sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing bagian.
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Zuli, Faizal. "PENERAPAN METODE SIMPLE QUEUE UNTUK MANAJEMEN BANDWITH DENGAN ROUTER MIKROTIK." JURNAL SATYA INFORMATIKA 1, no. 1 (August 13, 2023): 24–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59134/jsk.v1i1.419.
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Manajemen Bandwidth adalah proses mengukur dan mengontrol komunikasi (lalu lintas, paket) pada link jaringan, untuk menghindari mengisi link untuk kapasitas atau overfilling link, yang akan mengakibatkan kemacetan jaringan dan kinerja yang buruk. Maksud dari manajemen bandwidth ini adalah bagaimana kita menerapkan pengalokasian atau pengaturan bandwidth dengan menggunakan sebuah PC Router Mikrotik. Manajemen bandwith memberikan kemampuan untuk mengatur bandwidth jaringan dan memberikan level layanan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan prioritas sesuai dengan permintaan pelanggan. Perusahaan umumnya membutuhkan manajemen bandwidth untuk membantu mengatasi padatnya trafik broadcast yang dapat menggangu kecepatan dalam jaringan yang menyebabkan koneksi jaringan menjadi lambat. Dalam hal ini menggunakan Router Mikrotik adalah salah satu solusi untuk menangani masalah tersebut, dengan cara mengatur bandwidth sesuai kebutuhan masing-masing bagian.
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Chen, Xin, Nikolay Ledentsov, Jason E. Hurley, Oleg Yu Makarov, Ming-Jun Li, and Nikolay Ledentsov. "Link Bandwidth and Transmission Capability of Single-Mode Multi-Aperture Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers at 100 G/Lane and 200 G/Lane over Multimode Fibers." Photonics 12, no. 2 (February 11, 2025): 147. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12020147.
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Single-mode (SM) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have often been demonstrated with an unusually long transmission reach at very high data rates while today’s multimode VCSEL transmission has been limited by the fiber modal bandwidth and bandwidth contributed by the VCSEL–chromatic dispersion interaction under typical encircled flux launch condition. By using the same launch condition for VCSEL and modal bandwidth measurements, we studied the link bandwidth capability of SM multi-aperture (MA) VCSEL transmission. Using a multimode fiber with modal bandwidth under actual launch conditions moderately lower than OM4 threshold, we observed that the link bandwidth, with contributions from both modal bandwidth and laser–chromatic dispersion interaction, is higher than the corresponding modal bandwidths, which is very counter-intuitive. A detailed analysis reveals that the enhanced link bandwidth is contributed by both narrow laser linewidth and favorable laser–chromatic dispersion interaction. Through the study, we demonstrate that OM4 can meet link bandwidth requirements for 200/100 G/lane transmission over 100/200 m using SM MA VCSELs.
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Calonico, Sebastian, Matias D. Cattaneo, Max H. Farrell, and Rocío Titiunik. "Rdrobust: Software for Regression-discontinuity Designs." Stata Journal: Promoting communications on statistics and Stata 17, no. 2 (June 2017): 372–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1536867x1701700208.
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We describe a major upgrade to the Stata (and R) rdrobust package, which provides a wide array of estimation, inference, and falsification methods for the analysis and interpretation of regression-discontinuity designs. The main new features of this upgraded version are as follows: i) covariate-adjusted bandwidth selection, point estimation, and robust bias-corrected inference, ii) cluster–robust bandwidth selection, point estimation, and robust bias-corrected inference, iii) weighted global polynomial fits and pointwise confidence bands in regression-discontinuity plots, and iv) several new bandwidth selection methods, including different bandwidths for control and treatment groups, coverage error-rate optimal bandwidths, and optimal bandwidths for fuzzy designs. In addition, the upgraded package has superior performance because of several numerical and implementation improvements. We also discuss issues of backward compatibility and provide a companion R package with the same syntax and capabilities.
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Suleman, Salman, Frangky Tupamahu, and Idham Latief. "QoS Menggunakan Metode HTB di Linux." Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Indonesia (JTII) 2, no. 2 (September 19, 2017): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.30869/jtii.v2i2.285.
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Abstract : Internet saat ini menjadi kebutuhan yangpenting bagi kita manusia. Akan Tetapi kemudahanakses internet tidak di iringi dengan meningkatnyajumlah atau besaran kapasitas bandwidth yang ada,sehingga dengan adanya metode HTB dapat membantuuntuk mengelola bandwidth secara merata sesuai dengankebutuhan client. Perkembangan Internet memunculkanpermasalahan khususnya pada sisi pengelolaanbandwidth. Linux sebagai sistem operasi yang bersifatterbuka, menawarkan berbagai metode untuk membantuproses pengelolaan bandwidth, salah satunya denganmenggunakan metode Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB)yang menjamin para pengguna jaringan mendapatkanbandwidth sesuai yang telah ditentukan. HTBmemungkinkan client memperoleh bandwidth minimumyang disediakan. Penelitian ini dilakukan denganmengumpulkan data dari berbagai sumber yang terkait,kemudianmelakukanpercobaandenganmengimplementasikan HTB dengan menambahkanprogram aplikasi untuk membantu administratormengelola dan mengatur alokasi bandwidth tiap client.Serta menjadikan bandwith dapat dibagi secara merataserta kualitas koneksi jaringan lebih stabil.
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Zang, Yiping, Weishan Li, Jie Ma, Jiangjun Yang, and Wenjun Xiong. "A New Bandwidth Reconfigurable Antenna." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2384, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2384/1/012035.
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Abstract A bandwidth reconfigurable monopole antenna with disc-shaped is presented in this article. This presented antenna is integrated with a disc-shaped monopole antenna and a cascaded bandpass structure, and four different bandwidth states can be adjusted by the bandpass structure. By switching the diode’s on-off state integrated with the bandpass structure, this presented monopole antenna can switch quickly among four different bandwidth states whose fractional bandwidth is range from 16% to 55% centered at around 1.8 GHz. The experiment also shows good and stable electromagnetic properties of this presented antenna in different working bandwidths.
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Grose, John H., Joseph W. Hall, and Madhu B. Dev. "MLD in Children." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 4 (August 1997): 955–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4004.955.
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The first aim of this study was to obtain a more detailed picture of the effect of masker bandwidth (20 Hz to 1000 Hz bandwidth) on the masking level difference (MLD) for a 500-Hz signal as a function of listener age. The results of the pure-tone signal experiment showed that the MLDs of older children differed from adults only for the narrowest masker bandwidth. In contrast, children younger than about 7 years of age tended to have smaller MLDs than adults at all but the widest masker bandwidths. These results suggest that the younger the listener, the wider the noise bandwidth must be for MLDs of adult magnitude to be observed. One interpretation of this effect is that younger listeners require relatively great spectral dissimilarity (and, therefore perceptual dissimilarity) between the signal and masker in order to obtain MLDs of adult magnitude. The second aim of this study was to test this possibility by determining the MLD for noise signals in cases where the signal and masker bandwidths were the same. The results of this experiment showed that the MLDs of children were as large as those of adults when the signal/masker bandwidth was 320 Hz, but were smaller than those of adults when the signal/masker bandwidth was 20 Hz. This indicates that the factor limiting the MLD for narrowband noise in children is related more to the masker bandwidth than to the perceptual similarity between the signal and the masker.
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Kim, Kyeongjin, and Hojong Choi. "Novel Bandwidth Expander Supported Power Amplifier for Wideband Ultrasound Transducer Devices." Sensors 21, no. 7 (March 28, 2021): 2356. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21072356.
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Ultrasound transducer devices have their own frequency ranges, depending on the applications and specifications, due to penetration depth, sensitivity, and image resolution. For imaging applications, in particular, the transducer devices are preferable to have a wide bandwidth due to the specific information generated by the tissue or blood vessel structures. To support these ultrasound transducer devices, ultrasound power amplifier hardware with a wide bandwidth can improve the transducer performance. Therefore, we developed a new bandwidth expander circuit using specially designed switching architectures to increase the power amplifier bandwidth. The measured bandwidth of the power amplifier with the help of the bandwidth expander circuit increased by 56.9%. In addition, the measured echo bandwidths of the 15-, 20-, and 25-MHz transducer devices were increased by 8.1%, 6.0%, and 9.8%, respectively, with the help of the designed bandwidth expander circuit. Therefore, the designed architecture could help an ultrasound system hardware with a wider bandwidth, thus supporting the use of different frequency ultrasound transducer devices with a single developed ultrasound system.
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Arman, Ade Fachreza, Edy Budiman, and Medi Taruk. "Implementasi Metode PCQ pada QoS Jaringan Komputer Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman." Jurnal Rekayasa Teknologi Informasi (JURTI) 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jurti.v4i2.5111.
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Manfaat dari jaringan komputer sudah sangat banyak dirasakan. Apalagi dalam dunia komunikasi yang serba cepat ini, jaringan komputer sering kali berperan penting dalam kegiatan pengiriman informasi yang cepat tersebut. Manajemen bandwidth merupakan hal penting dalam sebuah jaringan komputer. Manajemen bandwidth berfungsi untuk mengatur bandwidth jaringan sehingga setiap pengguna jaringan memperoleh bandwith yang adil dan merata. Teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikannya didasarkan pada pendekatan yang disebut Quality of Service (QoS) dan disesuaikan dengan standar TIPHON. QoS bukan membatasi tetapi lebih kepada menjaga kualitas bandwidth, tanpa adanya Quality of Service dalam sebuah jaringan intranet mengakibatkan ketidaksinambungan bandwidth yang diterima client. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai oleh penulis adalah menyeimbangkan alokasi bandwidth sesuai untuk kebutuhan pengguna. Metode antrian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode Per Connection Queue (PCQ) dan winbox sebagai software untuk remote router. Hasil penelitian berupa pembagian bandwidth secara adil dan merata sesuai dengan jumlah dan kebutuhan dari pengguna jaringan komputer Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman, agar koneksi jaringan internet menjadi lebih stabil.
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Arman, Ade Fachreza, Edy Budiman, and Medi Taruk. "Implementasi Metode PCQ pada QoS Jaringan Komputer Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman." Jurnal Rekayasa Teknologi Informasi (JURTI) 4, no. 2 (December 6, 2020): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/jurti.v4i2.5111.
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Manfaat dari jaringan komputer sudah sangat banyak dirasakan. Apalagi dalam dunia komunikasi yang serba cepat ini, jaringan komputer sering kali berperan penting dalam kegiatan pengiriman informasi yang cepat tersebut. Manajemen bandwidth merupakan hal penting dalam sebuah jaringan komputer. Manajemen bandwidth berfungsi untuk mengatur bandwidth jaringan sehingga setiap pengguna jaringan memperoleh bandwith yang adil dan merata. Teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengimplementasikannya didasarkan pada pendekatan yang disebut Quality of Service (QoS) dan disesuaikan dengan standar TIPHON. QoS bukan membatasi tetapi lebih kepada menjaga kualitas bandwidth, tanpa adanya Quality of Service dalam sebuah jaringan intranet mengakibatkan ketidaksinambungan bandwidth yang diterima client. Tujuan yang hendak dicapai oleh penulis adalah menyeimbangkan alokasi bandwidth sesuai untuk kebutuhan pengguna. Metode antrian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu menggunakan metode Per Connection Queue (PCQ) dan winbox sebagai software untuk remote router. Hasil penelitian berupa pembagian bandwidth secara adil dan merata sesuai dengan jumlah dan kebutuhan dari pengguna jaringan komputer Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mulawarman, agar koneksi jaringan internet menjadi lebih stabil.
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Bennett, Granger, and Jim McLoughlin. "Underwater noise impact assessment and the hearing response of marine animals." APPEA Journal 50, no. 2 (2010): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj09105.
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The ability of a marine animal to hear anthropogenic (man-made) sound underwater is affected by the animal’s auditory bandwidth and its sensitivity to sound of different frequencies within that bandwidth. Auditory bandwidths for marine animals vary from species to species and may or may not coincide with, or overlap, human auditory bandwidths. For example, turtles are not able to hear some sounds that are clearly audible to humans, while dolphins can hear sounds that are beyond the range of human hearing. Therefore, underwater noise impacts assessments for marine animals need to take into account both the spectral content of the anthropogenic noise and the auditory bandwidths of the various species under consideration. This paper demonstrates how the auditory bandwidth and sensitivity of marine animals to sounds of different frequencies can affect the outcomes of impact assessments. The analysis is supported by results from underwater noise modelling and noise measurements.
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Muhammad Akbar Al Maruf, Darman, and Zila Razilu. "Rancang Bangun Manajemen Bandwidth Jaringan Pada Laboratorium Teknik Komputer dan Jaringan." Decode: Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi 3, no. 2 (June 20, 2023): 246–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.51454/decode.v3i2.177.
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Teknologi jaringan komputer sudah diterapkan di beberapa sekolah, salah satunya SMK Negeri 4 Kendari. Untuk keperluan sharing informasi antar lab komputer yang digunakan oleh TKJ SMKN 4 Kendari, harus ada infrastruktur jaringan yang handal dan stabil. Setiap klien yang terhubung ke internet melalui jaringan yang tidak mengelola bandwidth akan menerima jumlah bandwidth yang berbeda dan membuat kemacetan di dalam jaringan yang dapat mengganggu lalu lintas data penting, sehingga transmisi data menjadi kurang efisien. Network Development Life Cycle juga dikenal sebagai NDLC, adalah model untuk menentukan proses pengembangan sistem komputer tertentu (seperti membangun, menerapkan, dan memelihara). Berikut merupakan tahapan dari metode NDLC yakni Analisis, Design, Simulasi Prototype, Implementasi, Monitoring, dan Management. Pengujian dengan manajemen bandwidth memiliki nilai rata-rata throughput sebesar 822.34kb/s lebih besar dari rata-rata throughput tanpa manajemen bandwidth. Pengujian dengan manajemen bandwidth memiliki nilai rata-rata packet loss sebesar 0.09% dibandingkan tanpa menggunakan manajemen bandwidth. Selanjutnya pengujian dengan manajemen bandwidth memiliki nilai rata-rata delay sebesar 6.21538 ms dibandingkan dengan tanpa menggunakan manajemen bandwidt. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa manajemen bandwidth dalam penelitian ini berhasil memberikan pembagian bandwidth kepada client dapat dibagi secara merata sehingga penggunaan jaringan terhadap client dapat stabil di masing-masing client.
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Varshney, Gaurav, V. S. Pandey, and R. S. Yaduvanshi. "Axial ratio bandwidth enhancement of a circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antenna." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 10, no. 8 (July 5, 2018): 984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078718000764.
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AbstractThis paper presents a new technique for the enhancement of axial ratio (AR) bandwidth of a circularly polarized dielectric resonator antenna with a single feeding. To enhance the AR bandwidth, adjacent 3-dB AR passbands are merged by inserting the notches and conductive coating in the dielectric resonator. The dimensions of the notches and conductive coating are selected in such manner that impedance bandwidth remains approximately unchanged. The antenna provides the measured AR and impedance bandwidths of 55.22% and 66.45%, respectively.
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Rosdiana, Rosdiana. "ANALISIS KUALITAS LAYANAN PADA JARINGAN INTERNET SISTEM KUOTA DI IAIN PALOPO." PENA TEKNIK: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Teknik 1, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.51557/pt_jiit.v1i1.51.
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Peranan dari pembagian quota bandwidth sangat mempengaruhi QoS dari trafik. Oleh Karena itu untuk mendapatkan QoS yang baik, diperlukan pengaturan pemakaian bandwidthh dalam jaringan sebaik mungkin. Cara yang bisa di pakai dengan teknik klasifikasi paket data CBQ (Class Based Queue) yang sudah diterapkan atau HTB (Hierarchy Token Bucket) yang merupakan teknik terbaru. Kualitas layanan jaringan internet IAIN Palopo pada dasarnya sudah memenuhi standar Quality of Service jika dilakukan penerapan Quota Bandwidthh hal ini karena diterapkannya sistem Bandwidthh Controller sehingga performa dari jaringan internet sangat baik. Solusi yang disarankan dalam mengurangi terjadinya pemakaian bandwidth yang overload, dengan cara melakukan pembatasan halaman web yang bersifat hiburan seperti media sosial maupun youtube. Disamping itu juga adanya pemisah jalur koneksi untuk lokal dan internasional. Pemakaian jaringan melebihi total bandwidth akan mengakibatkan terjadinya packet loss. Penelitian ini mengemukakan pentingnya penyedianjaminan QoS yang dilengkapi dengan aplikasi monitoring EtE QM. Lebih jauh, penelitian ini memaparkan arti pentingnya aplikasi monitoring QoS dalam jaringan Internet.
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Suranthiran, Sugathevan, and Suhada Jayasuriya. "Utilizing Sensor Arrays to Attain High-Operating Bandwidth." Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control 126, no. 2 (June 1, 2004): 294–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1767848.
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Proposed in this paper is a methodology for the design of a sensor array of small bandwidth passband sensors (sensors with small bandwidth but different bandwidths) to attain a high operating bandwidth. In certain control applications, it is necessary that a high bandwidth sensor be used for feedback efficiency. The design of a single sensor with the desired high bandwidth may not be easy and economically feasible. A new approach, which recommends the use of an array of small bandwidth pass-band sensors in place of a single sensor of high bandwidth is proposed. It is shown that the idea of sensor arrays can be utilized to obtain a cost effective and efficient solution to the problem posed. The proposed sensor array that consists of multiple sensors with possible overlapping operating regions as defined by their pass-bands requires that an effective fusion technique be used to unite multi-sensor data. A multi-sensor data fusion scheme using Frequency Response Methods is developed to facilitate the possible implementation of proposed sensor arrays.
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Charernkiat, Pochaiya, Chandhaket Srawouth, Leekul Prapan, Mearnchu Jhirat, Tantisopharak Tanawut, and Limpiti Thunyawat. "Bandwidth enhancement of dual-band bi-directional microstrip antenna using complementary split ring resonator with defected structure for 3/5 GHz applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 1683–94. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1683-1694.
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This paper presents a bandwidth enhancement of a dual-band bi-directional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The novelty of this work lies in the modification of conventional rectangular microstip patch antenna by using the combination of two techniques: a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and a defected patch structure (DPS). The structure of antenna was studied and investigated via computer simulation technology (CST). The dimension and position of CSRR on the ground plane was optimized to achieve dual bandwidth and bi-directional radiation pattern characteristics. In addition, the bandwidths were enhanced by defecting suitable shape incorporated in the microstrip patch. A prototype with overall dimension of 70.45×63.73 mm2 has been fabricated on FR-4 substrate. To verify the proposed design, the impedance bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns were carried out in measurements. The measured impedance bandwidths were respectively 560 MHz (3.08-3.64 GHz) and 950 GHz (4.64-5.59 GHz) while the measured gains of each bandwidth were respectively 4.28 dBi and 4.63 dBi. The measured radiation patterns were in good agreement with simulated ones. The proposed antenna achieves wide dual bandwidth and bidirectional radiation patterns performances. Consequently, it is a promising candidate for Wi-Fi or 5G communications in specific areas such as tunnel, corridor, or transit and rail.
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Cui, Zhichao, Haigang Hou, Shahid Hussain, Guiwu Liu, and Guanjun Qiao. "Study on Innovative Flexible Design Method for Thin Film Narrow Band-Pass Filters." Journal of Nanoelectronics and Optoelectronics 17, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jno.2022.3176.
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The thin film narrow band-pass filters are widely used in precision optical systems such as gas detection, fiber optic communication and optical analysis instruments due to their unique optical characteristics. However, as the applications become more widespread, the problems of regulating the half bandwidth and cut-off bandwidth of the thin film narrow band-pass filters based on the Fabry-Perot (F-P) principle are becoming more apparent. In this work, we took the thin film narrow band-pass filter with a center wavelength of 450 nm as the design target, and comprehensively optimized the film system based on standard F-P principle to obtain the film systems with different half bandwidths and their systematic adjustment methods. The half bandwidth can be adjusted effectively by using the conventional half bandwidth control methods such as increasing the interference orders and the number of mirror layers or the cavities, but it is quite difficult to accurately obtain the filters with various half bandwidths since the adjustment range is too large. Based on the principle of equivalent refractive index, the optical thicknesses of the high and low refractive index film layers of the mirror layers were modified in an unconventional way, and thus the half bandwidth can be flexibly adjusted. Moreover, the standard F-P narrow band-pass filter film system was also modified by the principle of induced transmission film system to achieve a significant broadening of the cut-off bandwidth.
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Naji, Hassan, and Muhanad D. Hashim Almawlawe. "Design and analysis of a fabricated modified elliptical patch antenna with slots and partial ground plane techniques for UWB applications." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2024): 132–70. https://doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol12.iss4.601.
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This study presents a novel elliptical microstrip antenna (EMSA) design method for enhanced bandwidth. The proposed EMSA offers versatile polarization control, generating both linear and circular polarization. Wider impedance bandwidths compared to some other patch antennas make it suitable for broadband communication. Its compact size facilitates integration into space-constrained devices. Additionally, it provides polarization diversity for MIMO systems, reducing signal fading. The fabricated EMSA, operating at 7.05 GHz, achieves a simulated bandwidth of 5.7% and a measured bandwidth of 4.28%. It exhibits a return loss of -42 dB, 50 Ω impedance matching, 8.57 dB radiation gain, and a VSWR of 1.016. Two bandwidth enhancement techniques were investigated: reducing the ground plane size and incorporating slots within the patch. The partial ground plane achieved simulated and measured bandwidth improvements of 146% and 167%, respectively. The slotted patch yielded 160% and 180% improvements, respectively.
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Tan, Yi, Jesper Ødum Nielsen, and Gert Frølund Pedersen. "Spatial Stationarity of Ultrawideband and Millimeter Wave Radio Channels." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3212864.
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For radio channels with broad bandwidth resource, such as those often used for ultrawideband (UWB) and millimeter wave (mmwave) systems, the Wide-Sense Stationary Uncorrelated Scattering (WSSUS) and spatial stationary assumptions are more critical than typical cellular channels with very limited bandwidth resource. This paper studies spatial stationarity and bandwidth dependency of the Multipath Component (MPC) parameters, and the concept of local region of stationarity (LRS) is used as the measure of the physical stationarity region. LRS calculation results based on channel measurements show that the size of LRS is bandwidth dependent in all measured bands, 2–4 GHz, 14–16 GHz, and 28–30 GHz. The results in this paper point out that an inappropriate choice of bandwidth in channel parameter estimation could violate spatial stationary assumptions. The paper indicates LRS sizes for different bandwidths in the three bands.
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Piersol, Allan G. "Optimum Resolution Bandwidth for Spectral Analysis of Stationary Random Vibration Data." Shock and Vibration 1, no. 1 (1993): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1993/625127.
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This article presents a methodology for selecting the frequency resolution bandwidth for the spectral analysis of stationary random vibration signals in an optimum manner. Specifically, the resolution bandwidth that will produce power spectral density estimates with a minimum mean square error is determined for any given measurement duration (averaging time), and methods of approximating the optimum bandwidth using practical spectral analysis procedures are detailed. The determination of the optimum resolution bandwidth requires an estimate for the damping ratio of the vibrating structure that produced the measured vibration signal and the analysis averaging time. It is shown that the optimum resolution bandwidth varies approximately with the 0.8 power of the damping ratio and the bandwidth center frequency, and the −0.2 power of the averaging time. Also, any resolution bandwidth within ±50% of the optimum bandwidth will produce power spectral density (PSD) estimates with an error that is no more than 25% above the minimum achievable error. If a damping ratio of about 5% for structural resonances is assumed, a constant percentage resolution bandwidth of 1/12 octave, but no less than 2.5 Hz, will provide a near optimum PSD analysis for an averaging time of 2 seconds over the frequency range from 20 to 2000 Hz. A simple scaling formula allows the determination of appropriate bandwidths for other damping ratios and averaging times.
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Yang, Wanli, Huimin Li, Yuewu Gong, Zhuochen Wang, Xingli Xu, Xiaofan Hu, Pengfei Niu, and Wei Pang. "Impact of Cell Layout on Bandwidth of Multi-Frequency Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Array." Micromachines 16, no. 1 (December 31, 2024): 49. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16010049.
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Piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUTs) show considerable promise for application in ultrasound imaging, but the limited bandwidth of the traditional PMUTs largely affects the imaging quality. This paper focuses on how to arrange cells with different frequencies to maximize the bandwidth and proposes a multi-frequency PMUT (MF-PMUT) linear array. Seven cells with gradually changing frequencies are arranged in a monotonic trend to form a unit, and 32 units are distributed across four lines, forming one element. To investigate how the arrangement of cells affects the bandwidth, three different arrays were designed according to the extent of unit aggregation from the same frequency. Underwater experiments were conducted to assess the acoustic performance, especially the bandwidth. We found that the densest arrangement of the same cells produced the largest bandwidth, achieving a 92% transmission bandwidth and a 50% burst-echo bandwidth at 6 MHz. The mechanism was investigated from the coupling point of view by finite element analysis and laser Doppler vibrometry, focusing on the cell displacements. The results demonstrated strong ultrasound coupling in the devices, resulting in larger bandwidths. To exploit the advanced bandwidth but reduce the crosstalk, grooves for isolation were fabricated between elements. This work proposes an effective strategy for developing advanced PMUT arrays that would benefit ultrasound imaging applications.
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Woo, Jeonghun, Seungwoo Hong, Donghyun Kang, and Donghyeok An. "Improving the Quality of Experience of Video Streaming Through a Buffer-Based Adaptive Bitrate Algorithm and Gated Recurrent Unit-Based Network Bandwidth Prediction." Applied Sciences 14, no. 22 (November 14, 2024): 10490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app142210490.
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With the evolution of cellular networks and wireless-local-area-network-based communication technologies, services for smart device users have appeared. With the popularity of 4G and 5G, smart device users can now consume larger bandwidths than before. Consequently, the demand for various services, such as streaming, online games, and video conferences, has increased. For improved quality of experience (QoE), streaming services utilize adaptive bitrate (ABR) algorithms to handle network bandwidth variations. ABR algorithms use network bandwidth history for future network bandwidth prediction, allowing them to perform efficiently when network bandwidth fluctuations are minor. However, in environments with frequent network bandwidth changes, such as wireless networks, the QoE of video streaming often degrades because of inaccurate predictions of future network bandwidth. To address this issue, we utilize the gated recurrent unit, a time series prediction model, to predict the network bandwidth accurately. We then propose a buffer-based ABR streaming technique that selects optimized video-quality settings on the basis of the predicted bandwidth. The proposed algorithm was evaluated on a dataset provided by Zeondo by categorizing instances of user mobility into walking, bus, and train scenarios. The proposed algorithm improved the QoE by approximately 11% compared with the existing buffer-based ABR algorithm in various environments.
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Gündüz, Necla, and Şule Karakoç. "Optimal Bandwidth Selection Methods with Application to Wind Speed Distribution." Mathematics 11, no. 21 (October 29, 2023): 4478. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11214478.
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Accurate estimation of the unknown probability density functions of critical variables, such as wind speed—which plays a pivotal role in harnessing clean energy—is essential for various scientific and practical applications. This research conducts a comprehensive comparative analysis of seven distinct bandwidth calculation techniques across various normal distributions, using simulation as the evaluation method in the context of Kernel Density Estimation (KDE). This analysis includes the calculation of the optimal bandwidth and assessment of the performance of these methods with respect to Mean Squared Error (MSE), bias, and the optimal bandwidth value. The findings reveal that among the various bandwidth methods evaluated, the Bandwidth bandwidth-based Cross-Validation (BCV), especially for small sample sizes, consistently provides the closest result to the optimal bandwidth across most of the applied normal distributions. These results provide valuable insights into the selection of optimal bandwidths for accurate and reliable density estimation in the context of normal distributions. Another key aspect of this work is the extension of these methods to wind speed data in a specific region. Monthly wind speed kernel density estimates obtained using all seven bandwidth selection techniques show that Smoothed Cross-Validation (SCV) is suited for this type of real-world data.
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Johnson, Aaron, Rob Jansen, Nicholas Hopper, Aaron Segal, and Paul Syverson. "PeerFlow: Secure Load Balancing in Tor." Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies 2017, no. 2 (April 1, 2017): 74–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/popets-2017-0017.
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Abstract We present PeerFlow, a system to securely load balance client traffic in Tor. Security in Tor requires that no adversary handle too much traffic. However, Tor relays are run by volunteers who cannot be trusted to report the relay bandwidths, which Tor clients use for load balancing. We show that existing methods to determine the bandwidths of Tor relays allow an adversary with little bandwidth to attack large amounts of client traffic. These methods include Tor’s current bandwidth-scanning system, TorFlow, and the peer-measurement system EigenSpeed. We present an improved design called PeerFlow that uses a peer-measurement process both to limit an adversary’s ability to increase his measured bandwidth and to improve accuracy. We show our system to be secure, fast, and efficient. We implement PeerFlow in Tor and demonstrate its speed and accuracy in large-scale network simulations.
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Peczek, Anna, Stefan Lischke, Daniel Steckler, Jesse Morgan, Andreas Beling, and Lars Zimmermann. "Versatile Germanium Photodiodes with 3dB Bandwidths from 110 GHz to 265 GHz." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 32 (October 9, 2022): 1170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-02321170mtgabs.
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We demonstrate waveguide coupled germanium fin photodiodes for C- and O-band applications. By scaling the germanium (Ge) fin widths record 3dB-bandwidths reaching from 110GHz to 265GHz are achieved. The intrinsic, undoped germanium fins of the photodiodes are sandwiched in between two complementary in situ-doped silicon regions, circumventing ion-implantation into Ge. This reduces the impact of minority carrier diffusion, which is beneficial for the bandwidth [1,2]. In silicon photonics, waveguide integrated germanium photodiodes are a key asset. However, until 2020 optoelectrical bandwidth of foundry manufactured germanium photodiodes remained substantially below the 100GHz benchmark, typical values ranging up to approximately 70GHz [3,4,5]. All of these devices rely on ion-implantation into silicon and/or germanium. Discrete devices in InP technology, on the other hand, achieved 170GHz bandwidth and 0.27A/W responsivity already several years ago [6]. Having such performance available in silicon technology has been a major motivation for our work. The most recent germanium fin photodiodes show a 3dB-bandwidths of 240GHz (with internal responsivity of 0.45A/W) and 265GHz (with internal responsivity of 0.3A/W) both at 1550nm wavelength and 1mA photocurrent at 2V reverse bias [2]. These devices have been fabricated in IHP’s BiCMOS pilot line on 200mm silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wafers. These novel photodiodes do not rely on ion-implantation, but instead the undoped germanium is contacted by in situ-doped silicon offshoot, thus minimizing minority carrier diffusion effects. This novel technology approach allowed us to match or even surpass the state-of-the-art of III-V devices. By scaling the width of the germanium region, different combinations of bandwidths and responsivities can be realized. Certainly, broader fins will yield higher responsivities but on the expense of 3dB-bandwidths. In this paper, we present for the first time the responsivity and bandwidth at 1310nm and 1550nm, as well as dark current and capacitance of the high-speed germanium fin photodiodes. Several aspects important for high performance photodiodes will be discussed: (1) Optoelectrical 3dB-bandwidths and responsivities for various germanium fin widths. (2) Improved power handling capability of the photodiode at 1310nm and 1550nm. (3) Temperature dependent electrical behaviour for photodiodes with various germanium fin widths. Figure 1 shows STEM cross-sections (cut perpendicular to the light-incidence direction) of the 70GHz Ge photodiode integrated at IHP EPIC platform (left) and a novel germanium-fin photodiode with 3dB-bandwidth of 265GHz (right). Two major changes, the transition from Ge-stripe to germanium fin and from ion-implantation to in situ-doped silicon offshoot, eventually lead to record 3dB-bandwidths. [1] Lischke, S. et al., "Ge photodiode with −3-dB OE bandwidth of 110 GHz for PIC and ePIC platforms", In Proc. 2020 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) 7.3.1–7.3.4, 2020. [2] Lischke, S., et al., "Ultra-fast germanium photodiode with 3-dB bandwidth of 265 GHz", Nat. Photon. 15, 925–931, 2021. [3] Chen, H., et al., " −1-V bias 67-GHz bandwidth Si-contacted germanium waveguide p-i-n photodetector for optical links at 56 Gbps and beyond", Opt. Express 24, 4622–4631, 2016. [4] Boeuf, F., et al., "A silicon photonics technology for 400-Gbit/s applications", In Proc. 2019 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM) 33.1.1–33.1.4, 2019. [5] Lischke, S., et al., "High bandwidth, high responsivity waveguide-coupled germanium p-i-n photodiode", Optics express, vol. 23, no. 21, pp. 27213–27220, 2015. [6] Rouvalis, E., et al., "170-GHz uni-traveling carrier photodiodes for InP-based photonic integrated circuits", Opt. Express 20, 20090–20095, 2012. Figure 1
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Khaidir, Muhammad, and Muhammad Fajrian Noor. "Analisis Dan Perancangan Manajemen Bandwith Menggunakan Metode Hierarchial Token Bucket (HTB) Dan Filtering Layer7 Protocol Mikrotik." Jurnal Informa : Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat 8, no. 2 (January 12, 2023): 24–37. https://doi.org/10.46808/informa.v8i2.224.
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Internet users often complain about unstable internet connections and insufficient bandwidth, in fact the main problem is not because of insufficient bandwidth, but because there is no bandwidth management that regulates which packages are important and need to be prioritized. The research entitled "Analysis and Design of Bandwith Management uses Hierarchial Token Bucket (HTB) Method and Filtering uses Layer7 Protocol in Candi Agung Student Dormitory Hostpot Network", has the formulation of the problem of bandwidth management performance using the Hierarchial Token Bucket (HTB) method in terms of Quality of Service (QoS) with Throughput, Delay, Jitter and Packet Loss parameters. The purpose of this study is to analyze and design bandwidth management using the Hierarchial Token Bucket (HTB) method and limit the bandwidth of video streaming youtube.com using the Layer7 Protocol mikrotik feature in Candi Agung Student Dormitory Hostpot Network. The method used in network design and development in this study is the PPDIOO method which includes Prepare, Plan, Design, Implement, Operate and Optimize. This research produces a bandwidth management system that can provide guaranteed bandwidth to every active user according to the user's priority and package even though the internet connection is busy. It aims to maintain internet access can be used according to the needs of all users.
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Chang, Lei, Ling-Lu Chen, Jian-Qiang Zhang, and Dan Li. "A Wideband Circularly Polarized Antenna with Characteristic Mode Analysis." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2020 (June 12, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5379892.
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A wideband circularly polarized (CP) antenna is presented to achieve enhanced impedance, axial ratio (AR), and gain bandwidths. The antenna consists of two circular patches, a split-ring microstrip line with six probes, and a circular ground plane. By using these six probes which are placed in sequence on the split-ring microstrip line, the operating bandwidth of the proposed antenna is increased. The characteristic mode method is used to analyze different modes of the antenna and reveal the mechanism of extending the 3-dB AR bandwidth. Measured results show that the proposed antenna obtains an impedance bandwidth of 1.486–2.236 GHz (40.3%) for S11 ≤ −18 dB, a 3-dB AR bandwidth of 1.6–2.2 GHz (31.6%), and a boresight gain of 8.89 ± 0.87 dBic.
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Jackson, Nathan. "PiezoMEMS Nonlinear Low Acceleration Energy Harvester with an Embedded Permanent Magnet." Micromachines 11, no. 5 (May 15, 2020): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11050500.
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Increasing the power density and bandwidth are two major challenges associated with microelectromechanical systems (MEMS)-based vibration energy harvesting devices. Devices implementing magnetic forces have been used to create nonlinear vibration structures and have demonstrated limited success at widening the bandwidth. However, monolithic integration of a magnetic proof mass and optimizing the magnet configuration have been challenging tasks to date. This paper investigates three different magnetic configurations and their effects on bandwidth and power generation using attractive and repulsive magnetic forces. A piezoMEMS device was developed to harvest vibration energy, while monolithically integrating a thick embedded permanent magnet (NdFeB) film. The results demonstrated that repulsive forces increased the bandwidth for in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic configurations from <1 to >7 Hz bandwidths. In addition, by using attractive forces between the magnets, the power density increased while decreasing the bandwidth. Combining these forces into a single device resulted in increased power and increased bandwidth. The devices created in this paper focused on low acceleration values (<0.1 g) and low-frequency applications.
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Rahman, Taufik, Buya Ibrahim, Hafis Nurdin, and Muhammad Qomaruddin. "HIERARCHICAL TOKEN BUCKET (HTB) PADA QUALITY OF SERVICE PT. EKA BOGAINTI." Rabit : Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Informasi Univrab 8, no. 1 (January 10, 2023): 82–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.36341/rabit.v8i1.2963.
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Jaringan komputer tentunya sangat dibutuhkan oleh sebuah institusi maupun perusahaan untuk dapat melakukan pertukaran data maupun mengerjakan pekerjaan dengan koneksi internet, maka bandwidth perlu diatur untuk kerja perusahaan, karena dengan adanya sebuah internet maka penyebaran data menjadi efisien dan informasi menjadi semakin luas. Akan tetapi, realitanya jaringan internet pada perusahaan tidak selalu memberikan akses internet yang baik ketika user bekerja dengan internet. Tujuan penelitian ini menyelesaikan masalah pada jaringan di PT. Eka Bogainti; Penggunaan bandwitdth yang tidak tepat, mengganggu proses keberlangsungan bisnis perusahaan, belum adanya management bandwidth sehingga pembagian bandwidth tidak merata pada semua client. Metode membagi dan menyebarkan bandwidth secara bertingkat Hierarchical Token Bucket (HTB) yang diterapkan berjalan lancar dan dapat meminimalisasi terjadinya bandwidth lebih pada pengguna jaringan yang berakibat down pada jaringan. Hasil nya kegiatan operasional perusahaan dapat tetap berjalan lancar. Administrator jaringan dapat menentukan prioritas pengguna jaringan internet pada perusahaan sehingga management bandwidth lebih teratur. Diperlukan perusahaan meng-Upgrade perangkat keras maupun perangkat lunak dengan spesifikasi update untuk mengimbangi jaringan yang telah diatur menjadi sesuai dengan kebutuhan sehingga meningkatkan kualitas kerja para karyawan.
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Pochaiya, Charernkiat, Srawouth Chandhaket, Prapan Leekul, Jhirat Mearnchu, Tanawut Tantisopharak, and Thunyawat Limpiti. "Bandwidth enhancement of dual-band bi-directional microstrip antenna using complementary split ring resonator with defected structure for 3/5 GHz applications." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2022): 1683. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v12i2.pp1683-1694.
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<span>This paper presents a bandwidth enhancement of a dual-band bi-directional rectangular microstrip patch antenna. The novelty of this work lies in the modification of conventional rectangular microstip patch antenna by using the combination of two techniques: a complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) and a defected patch structure (DPS). The structure of antenna was studied and investigated via computer </span><span>simulation technology (CST). The dimension and position of CSRR on the ground plane was optimized to achieve dual bandwidth and bi-directional radiation pattern characteristics. In addition, the bandwidths were enhanced by defecting suitable shape incorporated in the microstrip patch. A prototype with overall dimension of 70.45×63.73 mm<sup>2</sup> has been fabricated on FR-4 substrate. To verify the proposed design, the impedance bandwidth, gain, and radiation patterns were carried out in measurements. The measured impedance bandwidths were respectively 560 MHz (3.08-3.64 GHz) and 950 GHz (4.64-5.59 GHz) while the measured gains of each bandwidth were respectively 4.28 dBi and 4.63 dBi. The measured radiation patterns were in good agreement with simulated ones. The proposed antenna achieves wide dual bandwidth and bi-directional radiation patterns performances. Consequently, it is a promising candidate for Wi-Fi or 5G communications in specific areas such as tunnel, corridor, or transit and rail.</span>
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Yuda Irawan, Herianto, Siti Aisyah, and Refni Wahyuni. "Analisa Prioritas Bandwidth Menggunakan Metode HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket) Studi Kasus : SMK Taruna Mandiri Pekanbaru." SATIN - Sains dan Teknologi Informasi 8, no. 1 (June 7, 2022): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33372/stn.v8i1.814.
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Banyaknya kebutuhan dunia pendidikan yang mengharuskan pihak pengembang aplikasi dalam mengembangkan berbagai terobosan teknologi untuk mendukung stabilitas dalam berinteraksi. Harga Bandwitdh yang cukup tinggi menyebabkan pihak sekolah melakukan pembatasan jumlah Bandwitdh yang diberikan oleh operator. Semakin meningkatnya kebutuhan akan internet hal ini menjadi permasaalahan bagi pengguna. Permasalahannya adalah semakin banyak yang membuka situs di internet tentu akan mengurangi kuota atau paket data. Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan ini maka dilakukan proses tahapan analisa prioritas bandwidth menggunakan metode HTB (Hierarchical Token Bucket). Metode ini mempunyai kelebihan dalam pembatasan trafik pada tiap level maupun klasifikasi, sehingga bandwidth yang dipakai level yang tinggi dapat digunakan atau dipinjam oleh level yang lebih rendah. Berdasarkan hasil analisa dan pengujian yang telah dilakukan Penulis, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa Metode antrian Hierarchical Token Bucket dinilai lebih efektif membagi bandwidth secara adil dan merata kepada masing-masing client yang membutuhkan bandwidth, terlihat dari grafik perhitungan nilai QoS yang telah dilakukan. Dari hasil perhitungan dalam pengujian metode HTB melalui download berkas, nilai rata-rata yang diperoleh berdasarkan standar kategori TIPHON untuk indeks parameter. Throughtput indeks parameter delay bernilai 4 dengan indeks parameter jitter indeks parameter packet loss.
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Li, Bing, and Jing-song Hong. "Design of Two Novel Dual Band-Notched UWB Antennas." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/303264.
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Two novel dual band-notched ultra-wideband (UWB) printed monopole antennas with simple structure and small size are presented. The size of both antennas is25×25×0.8 mm3. The bandwidth of one of the proposed antenna can be from 2.7 GHz to 36.8 GHz, except the bandwidth of 3.2–3.9 GHz for WiMAX applications and 5.14–5.94 GHz for WLAN applications. The bandwidth of the other is ranging for 2.7 to 41.1 GHz, except the bandwidth of 3.2–3.9 GHz for WiMAX applications and 4.8–5.9 GHz for WLAN applications. Bandwidths of the antennas are about 512% and 455% wider than those of conventional band-notched UWB antennas, respectively. In addition, the time-domain characteristics of the two antennas are investigated to show the difference between both antennas.
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Yamazaki, Hiroshi. "Bandwidth-doubler Technology Eliminates Bandwidth Bottlenecks." NTT Technical Review 20, no. 8 (August 2022): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.53829/ntr202208ri1.
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Hong, Gongbing, James Martin, and James Westall. "Adaptive bandwidth binning for bandwidth management." Computer Networks 150 (February 2019): 150–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comnet.2018.12.019.
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Turnbull, S. D., and J. M. Terhune. "White noise and pure tone masking of pure tone thresholds of a harbour seal listening in air and underwater." Canadian Journal of Zoology 68, no. 10 (October 1, 1990): 2090–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z90-291.
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Background noises mask the detection of sound throughout a limited frequency range termed the critical bandwidth. Critical bandwidths of a harbour seal (Phoca vitulina) were measured, using behavioural psychophysical techniques, by indirect (critical ratios) and direct (two-tone masking) methods underwater and in air. Underwater critical ratios were determined at 4, 8, 16, and 32 kHz, using white noise spectrum levels of 50, 56, 60, and (or) 70 dB re 1 μPa. The critical ratios (pooled data, threshold ±SD) were 19 ± 9, 22 ± 7, 25 ± 7, and 27 ± 5 dB for the respective frequencies. In-air critical ratios were determined at 2, 4, 8, and 16 kHz, using white noise spectrum levels ranging from 23 to 50 dB re 20 μPa. The critical ratios (pooled data) were 25 ± 8, 23 ± 10, 21 ± 15, and 23 ± 16 dB for the respective frequencies. The arithmetic mean of the critical ratios in both media was 23 dB. This suggests that the seal is equally sensitive to pure tone signals in the presence of broad band noise in both air and water. Direct measurements of the critical bandwidth underwater were determined at 4, 8, 16, and 32 kHz, using a pure tone masker ranging from 96 to 120 dB re 1 μPa. In-air direct measurements of the critical bandwidth were measured at 2, 4, and 8 kHz, using a pure tone masker set at 80 dB re 20 μPa. The bandwidths, estimated at 23 dB below the masking level, were all under 2.25 kHz and become proportionately narrow at higher frequencies. These results show a narrow critical bandwidth for the harbour seal, thus indicating high frequency resolution in both media. The directly measured critical bandwidths from the two-tone masking study were not 2.5 times the critical bandwidth estimated from the critical ratios, as previously reported in some other mammals.
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Nelson, David A., and Todd W. Fortune. "High-Level Psychophysical Tuning Curves." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 2 (April 1991): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3402.374.
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Simultaneous-masked psychophysical tuning curves were measured with narrow-band noise maskers varying in bandwidth from 40 Hz to 800 Hz to determine the masker bandwidths at which combination-band detection cues no longer influence tuning-curve shapes. Tuning curves were obtained at 1000 and 4000 Hz from normal-hearing listeners using high-level (60 dB SPL) probe tones in quiet and in the presence of a broadband background noise to eliminate combination bands and other off-frequency listening cues that exist at high levels. High-level tuning curves revealed notches on the low-frequency sides. Those notches were eliminated with broad-band background noise, which indicates that combination bands can strongly influence the shapes of high-level tuning curves obtained with narrow-band maskers, primarily by steepening the low-frequency and tail slopes. Combination-band detection cues had a stronger influence at 4000 Hz than at 1000 Hz. As masker bandwidth increased, combination bands had less influence on tuning-curve shapes. These results suggest a possible relation between masker bandwidth and auditory critical bandwidth: combination bands affected the lowfrequency sides of the tuning curves only when the masker bandwidth was less than the auditory critical bandwidth.
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Wei, Chen, Fuhua Gao, and Fan Yang. "Tunable Plasmonic Bandwidth Broadening via DC Electrical Bias." Nanomaterials 15, no. 11 (May 25, 2025): 794. https://doi.org/10.3390/nano15110794.
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The ability to broaden the bandwidth of nanodevices holds significant promise for applications in modern science and technology. In this work, we demonstrate a tunable approach to the bandwidth modulation of nanoresonators by applying a direct current electric field. Quantum hydrodynamic theory reveals that the biased electric field redistributes surface charges, inducing positively and negatively charged regions on the metal surface. This charge asymmetry splits the plasmonic modes, resulting in bandwidth broadening. The optical response can be finely tuned by varying the amplitude and polarization direction of the bias field. This mechanism offers a versatile strategy for developing nanodevices, including metasurfaces with dynamically adjustable bandwidths.
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XU, HAIBIN, BO WU, SHUANGSHUANG CAI, and YONGHANG SHEN. "INVESTIGATION ON THE PUMP ACCEPTANCE BANDWIDTH FOR COLLINEAR QUASI-PHASE-MATCHING OPTICAL PARAMETRIC AMPLIFICATION." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 18, no. 01 (March 2009): 141–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021886350900452x.
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We investigated the issue of parametric bandwidth for a collinear quasi-phase-matching (QPM) optical parametric amplification (OPA). Mathematical model for evaluating the parametric bandwidth tolerance of the OPA was derived by expanding the wave-vector mismatch in Taylor series and taking the first two terms into consideration for accuracy. Based on the model, the variation of pump acceptance spectral bandwidth with parametric wavelength was discussed. The correlating curve of the pump wavelength and the parametric wavelength was obtained for the largest pump acceptance spectral bandwidth. These results were compared to that obtained by numerically calculating the parametric gain curves of OPA when pumped with different Gauss bandwidths by means of three-wave mixing equations directly, and were found to be in good accordance. The results presented are helpful for specifying the optimal pump wavelength of the parametric amplification and oscillation.
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Zeng, Xuan, Xuzhen Yu, Hewei Zhang, Yi Lu, and Yanli Zhao. "Novel APD Array Configurations for Improved Detection Area and Frequency Response." Sensors 25, no. 6 (March 8, 2025): 1671. https://doi.org/10.3390/s25061671.
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This paper presents two novel avalanche photodiode (APD) array structures designed to significantly enhance both detection area and bandwidth, overcoming the common trade-off between these parameters in conventional photodetectors. The impact of various parameters on the bandwidths of the two distinct array structures was theoretically simulated. Experimental validation using the self-fabricated 2 × 2 array on PCB board confirmed the bandwidth enhancement realized through inductor integration, with one APD array demonstrating an increase to 780 MHz (1.41 times greater) and another showing an increase to 1.21 GHz (1.35 times greater). Unlike prior works where array bandwidth is often lower than single detectors, our structures maintain high bandwidth while expanding the detection area. Structure 2 is particularly recommended over Structure 1 because of its lower noise, better signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and reduced power consumption.
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Şahin, Onur, and Ilgin Gokasar. "A Novel Perspective On The Analysis Of Residential Property Prices Near Transportation Investments: Wide-Range Vs Narrow-Range Factors." Computer and Decision Making: An International Journal 1 (September 5, 2024): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.59543/comdem.v1i.10235.
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A new perspective is available for the relationship between transportation systems and property prices, “evaluation by considering bandwidths”. The term “bandwidth” indicates the number of neighbor data points having an influence on the target point. The main motivation of this research is eliminating the restricted effects of a spatial analysis. When a single bandwidth value is defined for all models, indicate that an equal number of neighbor data in GWR influences all factors of the model for target points. When the multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) is used, a unique bandwidth value can be defined for each factor. This study, by using MGWR, provides researchers the ability of distinguishing the effects of factors and classifying them as either wide-range or narrow-range. A total of 3487 geographical data were collected for a study area covering Esenyurt and Beylikduzu Counties in Istanbul, Turkey. As a result, when considering different bandwidths, factors are indeed recognized as either narrow-range or wide-range. The output of this study proved that the researchers are strongly recommended considering the bandwidth effects while performing a spatial regression analysis. Hence, the gap in the selection of factors for spatial analyses in different study areas is likely to be fulfilled.
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ÖZSOY, Şeyma Nur, and Sevilay KİLMEN. "Comparison of Kernel equating methods under NEAT and NEC designs." International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education 10, no. 1 (March 15, 2023): 56–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21449/ijate.981367.
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In this study, Kernel test equating methods were compared under NEAT and NEC designs. In NEAT design, Kernel post-stratification and chain equating methods taking into account optimal and large bandwidths were compared. In the NEC design, gender and/or computer/tablet use was considered as a covariate, and Kernel test equating methods were performed by using these covariates and considering bandwidths. The study shows that, in the NEAT design, Kernel chain equating methods exhibit higher error than the post-stratification equating methods do since the lowest error in the NEC design was obtained from the Kernel equating method with large bandwidth through the computer/tablet variable. Kernel test equating results based on the NEC design, which considers gender and computer tablet use variables as a covariate separately, showed lower SEE than that of the NEC pattern, which takes these variables together as covariates. In terms of the bandwidth, when all methods are compared within the pattern used (i.e., NEAT and NEC), it has been seen that generally Kernel test equating with large bandwidth results in fewer errors than the Kernel test equating with optimal bandwidth. When the NEAT and NEC designs are compared generally, the NEAT design has a lower SEE than that of the NEC design.
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Xie, Tingting, Xiaohe Cheng, Yuan Yao, Yaohui Yang, Ting Zhang, Junsheng Yu, and Xiaodong Chen. "A Novel Method to Broaden the Single-Mode Bandwidth of the Rectangular Waveguide." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2022 (March 29, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1554190.
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In this paper, a new class of broadband and low-loss transmission line called slotted rectangular waveguide (SRW) is proposed and analyzed. The proposed SRW consists of the rectangular waveguide and the inverted low-loss slotline, which can selectively suppress the higher-order mode (TE20 mode) and broaden the single dominant mode (TE10 mode) bandwidth in a rectangular waveguide (RW). The design principle and transmission characteristics of the SRW are illustrated and analyzed in this work. The transmission dominant mode bandwidth of the proposed SRW is analyzed and compared with the classic rectangular waveguide (RW), in which the dominant mode bandwidth of 60–155 GHz (88.4% bandwidth) is broader than the RW bandwidth of 60–116 GHz (63%). Two feed structures that can excite the two operating bandwidths (W and D band) of them separately are also designed. The SRW and transition exhibit broadband and low-loss characteristics from 75 GHz to 155 GHz, in which the transmission loss is lower than 0.68 dB and the return loss is over 18 dB.
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Ge, Yong, Yi-jun Guan, Ke-qi Zhao, Qiao-rui Si, Wei Zhou, Hong-xiang Sun, Yun Lai, and Shou-qi Yuan. "Drawer-like tunable ventilated sound barrier." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 157, no. 4 (April 1, 2025): 2728–34. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036368.
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Ventilated acoustic barriers have great potential for practical applications; however, most of the current designs are limited by bandwidth and adjustability. Here, this study experimentally demonstrates a drawer-like tunable ventilated sound barrier with low-frequency bandwidth optimization, which is a monolayer periodic lattice of a pair of oppositely oriented Helmholtz resonators with drawer-like movable design. The sound insulation arises from sound reflection and absorption caused by the coupling of symmetric and anti-symmetric modes. The drawer-like movable design allows precise control of the resonant frequency of the unit cell and the working bandwidth of the ventilated barrier. Furthermore, this study has optimized two types of dual-layer unit cells composed of two and four pairs of oppositely oriented Helmholtz resonators, where the fractional bandwidths (the ratio of the bandwidth to the center frequency) of sound insulation have reached about 14.8% and 31.8%, respectively. The drawer-like tunable ventilated barriers have the advantages of tunable and optimizable bandwidth for low-frequency sound insulation, opening a practical route towards architectural acoustics and ventilated noise reduction.
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SANDI, EFRI, WISNU DJATMIKO, and RIZKITA KURNIA PUTRI. "Desain U-slot Ganda untuk Meningkatkan Bandwidth Antena MIMO 5G Millimeter-wave." ELKOMIKA: Jurnal Teknik Energi Elektrik, Teknik Telekomunikasi, & Teknik Elektronika 8, no. 1 (January 31, 2020): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.26760/elkomika.v8i1.150.
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ABSTRAK
 
 Pada penelitian ini dikembangkan rekayasa antena mikrostrip (MSA) dengan penambahan U-slot ganda untuk meningkatkan performansi bandwidth antena mikrostrip. Penelitian sebelumnya berfokus pada penambahan U-slot tunggal dan didesain untuk frekuensi di bawah 15 GHz. Kebutuhan utama antena 5G adalah memiliki bandwidth yang lebar dan kemampuan Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO). Untuk itu perlu dikembangkan desain antena MIMO 5G dengan bandwidth yang lebih lebar pada frekuensi millimeter-wave 28 GHz sebagai kandidat utama alokasi frekuensi untuk komunikasi seluler 5G. Pada penelitian ini diajukan teknik desain antena MIMO dengan penambahan rekayasa U-slot ganda untuk meningkatkan performansi bandwidth. Hasil kalkulasi dan simulasi menunjukkan bahwa dengan penambahan U-slot ganda, dihasilkan peningkatan performansi bandwith sebesar 68% dibandingkan desain antena tanpa U-slot. Jika
 dibandingkan dengan hasil penelitian U-slot sebelumnya, penambahan U-slot ganda menghasilkan peningkatan bandwidth sebesar 76%.
 
 Kata kunci: U-Slot ganda, antena 5G millimeter-wave, MIMO, bandwidth
 
 
 ABSTRACT
 
 In this study, a microstrip antenna (MSA) was developed with the addition of a double U-slot to improve bandwidth performance. Previous studies have focused on adding single U-slots and designed for frequencies below 15 GHz. The main requirement for 5G antennas is high bandwidth performance and multiple inputmultiple output capabilities (MIMO). Therefore, it is necessary to develop a 5G MIMO antenna with broader bandwidth at the millimeter-wave frequency 28 GHz as the primary candidate for frequency allocation for 5G cellular communication. In this study, MIMO antenna design techniques were proposed with the addition of a double U-slot method to improve bandwidth performance. The calculation and simulation results show that with the addition of a double U-slot, an increase in bandwidth performance of 68% compared to antenna designs without U-slots and 76% when compared to using a single U-slot in previous studies.
 
 Keywords: Double U-Slot, millimeter-wave 5G antenna, MIMO, bandwidth
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Zhang, Honglin, and Jianhao Ye. "A Wideband High Gain Differential Patch Antenna Featuring In-Phase Radiating Apertures." Sensors 24, no. 14 (July 17, 2024): 4641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24144641.
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Communication systems need antennas with wide bandwidths to provide large throughput, while imaging radars benefit from high gain for increased range and wide bandwidths for high-resolution imaging. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a wideband, high-gain antenna that achieves an average gain of 9.7 dBi over a bandwidth of 1.49 GHz to 3.92 GHz by using multiple in-phase radiating apertures. The antenna has a unique structure with a central rectangular short-circuited patch sandwiched between two back-to-back U-shaped radiating patches and two flanking H-shaped short-circuited patches. Each of the U-shaped patches employs a coplanar waveguide as feeding to achieve ultra-wideband impedance matching. Benefiting from design arrangement, in-phase electrical field distributions appear at the gaps between the patches that result in equivalent radiating magnetic currents in the same direction. Theory analysis shows that the close-spaced, same-direction magnetic currents created by the radiating apertures intensify the radiation and increase antenna gain within its impedance bandwidth. Simulated data show that the use of the coplanar waveguide feeding and short-circuited patches increase the bandwidth from 65 MHz to 2.43 GHz. Moreover, the short-circuited patches increase the gain by 3.45 dB at 2.4 GHz. Simulation and measurement results validate the design and show that the antenna features a maximum gain of 11.3 dBi and an average gain of 9.7 dBi in a fractional bandwidth of 89.8%. Because of the high gain values and the wide bandwidth, the antenna is particularly suited for long-range communication systems and high-resolution radar applications.
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Cheng, Fei, Ping Lu, and Kama Huang. "Center frequency and bandwidth switchable substrate integrated waveguide filters." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 12, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078719001363.
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AbstractThis paper presents center frequency and bandwidth switchable substrate integrated waveguide filters loaded with PIN diodes. The diodes are added in the slot on the surface of the resonators to switch the resonant frequencies and the coupling coefficients. Although the introduction of the slot causes extra radiation loss, it is small and acceptable. The proposed center frequency switchable filter has four center frequency switchable states of 1.78, 1.82, 1.88, and 1.91 GHz, while the bandwidth only changes ±0.64%. The bandwidth switchable filter has two states with 3 dB bandwidths of 70 and 103 MHz at a center frequency of 2.08/2.09 GHz. The measured performance of the fabricated filters shows good agreement with the simulation.