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1
McDaniel, Justin Thomas. "Ethnicity and the galactic polity: Ideas and actualities in the history of Bangkok." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 49, no. 1 (January 16, 2018): 129–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463417000728.
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Edward Van Roy'sSiamese melting pot: Ethnic minorities in the making of Bangkokis a tour de force and one of the most important books on the history of Bangkok and late-modern Thai history ever to be published. It is clearly written and presented, it provides excellent maps, and brings to light little-known sources and surprising facts about the history of the most iconic neighbourhoods in the city. It exposes the histories of various Muslim, Mon, Lao, Vietnamese, Chinese, European, Indian, and other communities in late Ayutthaya and Bangkok, as well as highlights various ways of seeing Bangkok as a feudal city, a vibrant port-city, or a galactic polity. Van Roy also reveals the complexities of defining ethnicity and class in Bangkok's changing neighbourhoods. In this review article I will look closely at two issues Van Roy exposes that need some theoretical and critical interrogation: the ‘galactic polity/mandala’, and ‘ethnicity’. Then I will provide a short vignette about the Chettiar community in Bangkok and the idea of Hinduism in Bangkok history that both supports and supplements Van Roy's excellent research. I write this not to discount or criticise Van Roy's monumental achievement, but because I believe a book this important to the field deserves serious attention and engagement.
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Gosasang, Veerachai, Tsz Leung Yip, and Watcharavee Chandraprakaikul. "Long-term container throughput forecast and equipment planning: the case of Bangkok Port." Maritime Business Review 3, no. 1 (March 19, 2018): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-07-2017-0019.
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Purpose This paper aims to forecast inbound and outbound container throughput for Bangkok Port to 2041 and uses the results to inform the future planning and management of the port’s container terminal. Design/methodology/approach The data used cover a period of 16 years (192 months of observations). Data sources include the Bank of Thailand and the Energy Policy and Planning Office. Cause-and-effect forecasting is adopted for predicting future container throughput by using a vector error correction model (VECM). Findings Forecasting future container throughput in Bangkok Port will benefit port planning. Various economic factors affect the volume of both inbound and outbound containers through the port. Three cases (scenarios) of container terminal expansion are analyzed and assessed, on the basis of which an optimal scenario is identified. Research limitations/implications The economic characteristics of Thailand differ from those of other countries/jurisdictions, such as the USA, the EU, Japan, China, Malaysia and Indonesia, and optimal terminal expansion scenarios may therefore differ from that identified in this study. In addition, six particular countries/jurisdictions are the dominant trading partners of Thailand, but these main trading partners may change in the future. Originality/value There are only two major projects that have forecast container throughput volumes for Bangkok Port. The first project, by the Japan International Cooperation Agency, applied both the trend of cargo volumes and the relationship of volumes with economic indices such as population and gross domestic product. The second project, by the Port Authority of Thailand, applied a moving average method to forecast the number of containers. Other authors have used time-series forecasting. Here, the authors apply a VECM to forecast the future container throughput of Bangkok Port.
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Gosasang, Veerachai, Watcharavee Chandraprakaikul, and Supaporn Kiattisin. "A Comparison of Traditional and Neural Networks Forecasting Techniques for Container Throughput at Bangkok Port." Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics 27, no. 3 (December 2011): 463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2092-5212(11)80022-2.
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Han, GwangYa, Jaeyoung Shin, and Sunghyun Ha. "Tracing the Path of Growing Bangkok: - Changing Urban Form from Canal Port into Multi-centered Metropolis." Journal of the Urban Design Institute of Korea Urban Design 21, no. 6 (December 31, 2020): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.38195/judik.2020.12.21.6.49.
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Lee, Paul Tae-Woo, Jei-Zheng Wu, Kamonchanok Suthiwartnarueput, Kai-Chieh Hu, and Rahuth Rodjanapradied. "A Comparative Study of Key Critical Factors of Waterfront Port Development: Case Studies of the Incheon and Bangkok Ports." Growth and Change 47, no. 3 (November 1, 2015): 393–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/grow.12131.
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Tangvitoontham, Nantarat, and Papusson Chaiwat. "Carbon Credit Estimation: A Case Study of Shifting Freighting Mode to Railway from ICD Lat Krabang, Bangkok to Laem Chabang Port, Chonburi." Journal of Economics, Business and Management 3, no. 1 (2015): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/joebm.2015.v3.171.
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Susilowati, Desi Tri, Yety Rochwulaningsih, and Haryono Rinardi. "The Implementation of the Kampung Improvement Program in Semarang: Some Obstacles and Impacts." Indonesian Historical Studies 4, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 170–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ihis.v4i2.8951.
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This study analyzes Kampung Improvement Program (KIP) implementation and its impact on social life in Semarang between 1978-1988 periods. The KIP program is considered successful in building and managing slum settlements in Semarang. The success of Semarang in implementing this program makes it as a pilot project for the arrangement of two cities in Southeast Asia, namely Manila and Bangkok in 1987. This study emphasizes the use of government documents and newspapers to analyze KIP implementation progress in Semarang in the period of 1978 and ended at 1988. The program implementation was divided into two major stages, KIP Urban III and KIP Urban V. From KIP program, various physical infrastructure to support basic needs, such as toilets, clean water networks, sanitation, and road paving have been built. In its development, the KIP implementation brings a new face to Semarang towards slum villages, decreases the social pathology of the communities, and develops social groups, such as empowering Integrated Health Service Port (Posyandu) and Family Welfare Program (PKK). KIP Urban III was able to complete the construction of 21 villages, while in KIP Urban V there were 35 villages, bringing the total number of 56 villages developed.
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DALSGAARD, A., O. SERICHANTALERGS, A. FORSLUND, C. PITARANGSI, and P. ECHEVERRIA. "Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated in Samutsakorn, Thailand before, during and after the emergence of V. cholerae O139." Epidemiology and Infection 121, no. 2 (October 1998): 259–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268898001125.
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Seventy clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 isolated from 1982–96 in Samutsakorn, a port city 30 km southwest of Bangkok where cholera occurs at low levels with regular seasonality, were characterized to investigate if there were any differences among the O1 strains isolated before, during and after the O139 epidemic. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) typing, ribotyping and southern blot hybridization with a cholera toxin probe (CT genotyping) demonstrated several genotypes among O1 strains isolated before the emergence of V. cholerae O139. However, O1 strains isolated during and after the advent of O139 showed identical ribotypes which were distinctly different from the types identified in strains isolated before the emergence of O139. Ribotypes identified in strains during and after the advent of O139 were also demonstrated by O1 strains isolated immediately before the emergence of O139. Considering the seasonality of cholera in Samutsakorn, the identical ribotype and CT genotype and the closely related PFGE types shown by all O1 strains isolated during and after the appearance of O139 is remarkable and suggest that the V. cholerae O1 strain may reemerge from an environmental source. A subgroup of V. cholerae O1 strains isolated before the emergence of the O139 epidemic had a ribotype identical to a type demonstrated by O139 strains isolated in Thailand. Our results support similar findings in Bangladesh and India that a distinct O1 strain appeared during the O139 epidemic. However, compared with the apparent identical strain which replaced O139 in Bangladesh and India, the emerged O1 strain in Samutsakorn showed a different ribotype and CT genotype.
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Kengpol, Athakorn, Sopida Tuammee, and Markku Tuominen. "The development of a framework for route selection in multimodal transportation." International Journal of Logistics Management 25, no. 3 (November 4, 2014): 581–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlm-05-2013-0064.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for route selection in multimodal transportation which can reduce cost, lead time, risk and CO2 emission in multimodal transportation systems. Design/methodology/approach – This research proposes the development of a framework for route selection in multimodal transportation that includes a six-phase framework to select an optimal multimodal transportation route. The first phase is to collect the data of each route and select the origin and destination. The second phase is to calculate time and cost of each route by using a multimodal transport cost-model. In the third phase, the CO2 emissions are calculated based upon the 2006 guidelines of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The fourth phase proposes an integrated quantitative risk assessment, analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and data envelopment analysis methodology to evaluate the multimodal transportation risk. The fifth phase is to prioritize criteria by using the AHP which can be used in the objective function. The final phase is to calculate the optimal route by using the zero-one goal programming. Findings – The aims of the model are to minimize transportation costs, transportation time, risk and CO2 emission. Practical implications – The approach has been tested on a realistic multimodal transportation service, originating from Bangkok in Thailand to a destination at Da Nang port in Vietnam. The results have shown that the approach can provide guidance in choosing the lowest cost route in accordance with other criteria, and to minimize the CO2 emission effectively. Originality/value – The contribution of this research lies in the development of a new decision support approach that is flexible and applicable to logistics service providers, in selecting multimodal transportation route under the multi-criteria in term of cost, time, risk and importantly the environmental impact.
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Balasubramaniam, A. S., S. Handali, and D. Muir Wood. "Pore Pressure : Stress Ratio Relationship for Soft Bangkok Clay." Soils and Foundations 32, no. 1 (March 1992): 117–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3208/sandf1972.32.117.
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Noer, Justiar, Khasan Effendy, Ngadisah, and Sampara Lukman. "ANALISIS IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PENGEMBANGAN KAWASAN INDUSTRI TERPADU PELABUHAN TUKAK SADAI DI KABUPATEN BANGKA SELATAN, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG." PAPATUNG: Jurnal Ilmu Administrasi Publik, Pemerintahan dan Politik 2, no. 3 (January 16, 2020): 190–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/japp.v2i3.30.
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Abstrak
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk implementasi kebijakan pengembangan Kawasan Industri Terpadu Pelabuhan Tukak Sadai di Kabupaten Bangka Selatan, Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data berupa observasi, wawancara mendalam dan studi kepustakaan. Analisis data dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa implementasi kebijakan pengembangan Kawasan Industri Terpadu Pelabuhan Tukak Sadai masih belum optimal. Faktor-faktor yang menghambat dalam implementasi kebijakan pengembangan Kawasan Industri Terpadu Pelabuhan Tukak Sadai adalah faktorpolitik, ekonomi, sosial, dan teknologi.
Kata kunci: implementasi kebijakan, kawasan industri terpadu, pelabuhan.
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to implement the policy of developing the Integrated Industrial Estate of Tukak Sadai Port in the South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province and the factors that influence it. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. Data analysis was performed using triangulation techniques. The results found that the implementation of the Tukak Sadai Port Integrated Industrial Estate development policy was not yet optimal. The inhibiting factors in the implementation of the Tukak Sadai Port Integrated Industrial Estate development policy are political, economic, social and technological factors.
Keywords: policy implementation, integrated industrial estate, port.
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Wibowo, Mardi, and Reno Arief Rachman. "Study of Sea Water Quality Around the Jelitik River Estuary, Sungailiat Subdistrict - Bangka Regency." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 17, no. 1 (November 7, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v17i1.29-37.
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Jelitik River is the main river and economic artery of Sungailiat District, Bangka Regency. Currently around the Jelitik River there is a Jelitik Fishing Port and is developed as an industrial area. In addition to the problems of sedimentation problems with the development of industrial estates and the presence of sand mining rich in tin ore on land and on the high seas it is feared that it will reduce the quality of the environment, especially the surrounding sea water. Therefore, this study is needed in order to find out the quality of waters in this estuary which can be used as a basis or baseline for the initial environment of this region if later this area will be developed as a port or industrial area. The method used in this study is field observation, water sampling, and laboratory analysis. Therefore, as an initial step, it is necessary to identify the quality of the waters in this estuary which can be used as the basis or initial environmental baseline of this area if later this area will be developed as a port or industrial area. Based on observations in the field of laboratory analysis of water samples, generally the quality of seawater around the estuary of Jelitik River still meets seawater quality standards both for port activities, marine tourism and for biota. Some parameters that exceed the quality standard include total suspended solid (TSS) which reaches 250 mg/l, total dissolved solids (TDS) which reaches 24,700 mg/l and nitrate content which reaches 0.38 mg/l. BOD value is 4.7 mg / l and COD is 46.4 mg / l, these parameters are still below the existing sea water quality standard.
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Noer, Justiar, Khasan Effendy, Ngadisah, and Sampara Lukman. "Implementation Model of Integrated Industrial Estate Development Policy for Tukak Sadai Port in South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province, Indonesia." International Journal of Science and Society 1, no. 3 (January 16, 2020): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/ijsoc.v1i3.46.
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The purpose of this study was to find a model for implementing the policy of developing the Integrated Industrial Estate off the Tukak Sadai Port in the South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques such as observation, in-depth interviews, and literature studies. Data analysis was performed using triangulation techniques. The results found that the model of policy implementation needed to implement the policy of developing the Tukak Sadai Port IIE in the South Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province was to include political, economic, social, and technological factors in Grindle's implementation theory (1980).
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Balasubramaniam, Arumugam. "Large scaled field tests on soft Bangkok clay." Soils and Rocks 44, no. 4 (November 3, 2021): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.2021.069921.
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In this lecture the interpretations of fully instrumented tests embankments and their role in the development of appropriate ground improvement techniques for highways, motorways and airfields on soft clay deposits is illustrated through well documented case studies in Bangkok, Thailand and Muar Flat Site in Kuala Lumpur. For the Bangkok Plain and with sand backfills the performance of embankments with different schemes of vertical drains was evaluated over a period of 25 years. Aspects such as recharging effects due to the drains, inadequate measures in maintaining vacuum during vacuum applications and possible hydraulic connections with large diameter drains are discussed. For the Muar test embankments, the role of fill strength in residual soil embankment and the field deformation analysis in separating consolidation settlement from immediate settlement and creep settlements is presented. Novel interpretations of settlement from pore pressure dissipations, secondary settlement from field measurements and decay of lateral deformation rate with time were also made.
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Indraratna, B., A. S. Balasubramaniam, P. Phamvan, and Y. K. Wong. "Development of negative skin friction on driven piles in soft Bangkok clay." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 29, no. 3 (June 1, 1992): 393–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t92-044.
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This paper describes the results of short-term pullout tests and long-term full-scale measurements of negative skin friction on driven piles in Bangkok subsoils. Two instrumented cylindrical (hollow) prestressed concrete piles were fully equipped with two independent load-measurement systems, load cells, and telltale rods. Pore pressures and ground movements in the vicinity of the piles were monitored throughout the period of investigation. The effect of bitumen coating on negative skin friction was also studied. The long-term behaviour of driven piles was compared with the estimated values obtained from short-term pullout tests and soil strength data. It was found that the negative skin friction can be predicted well by the effective stress approach using values of β between 0.1 and 0.2. The load–settlement and load–transfer behaviour were numerically modelled to acquire a more comprehensive understanding of negative skin friction developed on driven piles. A settlement-controlled concept is also introduced for piles subjected to negative skin friction, on the basis of these findings. Key words : consolidation, downdrag, driven pile, embankment, finite elements, pore pressures, pullout, settlements, soft clay.
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Bergado, Dennes T., A. S. Balasubramaniam, R. Jonathan Fannin, and Robert D. Holtz. "Prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) in soft Bangkok clay: a case study of the new Bangkok International Airport project." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, no. 2 (April 1, 2002): 304–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-100.
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This paper presents the performance of a full-scale test embankment constructed on soft Bangkok clay with prefabricated vertical drains (PVDs) at the site of the new Bangkok International Airport in Thailand. The embankment was square in plan with a maximum height of 4.2 m, 3H:1V side slopes, and base dimensions of 40 m by 40 m. The piezometric level with depth is characterized by negative drawdown starting at around 8-10 m depth caused by excessive withdrawal of groundwater. Instrumentation was provided to monitor both horizontal and vertical movements of the test embankment. The measured increases in undrained shear strengths with depth are in agreement with the values calculated from the SHANSEP technique. The secondary compression ratio, Cα, was 0.018, or within the normal values for marine clays. The coefficient of horizontal consolidation measured in the field, Ch(field), was higher for soil at 4 and 10 m depths than for the weakest soil at 6 m depth. The back-calculated Ch(field) values range from 3 to 8 m2/year, and the ratio of Ch(field) to Ch(lab) ranges from 4 to 5, where Ch(lab) is the coefficient of horizontal consolidation measured in the laboratory. The degree of consolidation estimated from the pore-pressure dissipation measurements agreed with those obtained from settlement measurements. The water-content reductions from field measurements were also in good agreement with the values computed from the consolidation settlements. The full-scale study confirmed that the magnitudes of consolidation settlements increased with the corresponding decrease of PVD spacing at a particular time period. Lastly, the results of the full-scale study have proven the effectiveness of PVDs for the improvement of soft Bangkok clay.Key words: soft clay, consolidation, prefabricated vertical drain, preloading, test embankment.
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Abuel-Naga, Hossam M., Dennes T. Bergado, and Abdelmalek Bouazza. "Thermally induced volume change and excess pore water pressure of soft Bangkok clay." Engineering Geology 89, no. 1-2 (January 2007): 144–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2006.10.002.
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KongtunJanphuk, Sumonthip. "Detection and enumeration of the dangerous food borne pathogens in cooked food that causes food poisoning and infectious diseases." MATEC Web of Conferences 192 (2018): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819203009.
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This research was aim to analyzed the detection and enumeration of the dangerous food borne pathogens in cooked food that causes food poisoning and infectious diseases from the restaurants surround area of King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok, THAILAND. Pot-stewed pork (Palow-Moo;PL) and Fried basil pork (Kapraw-Moo;PK) from five restaurants were collected and analyzed for food borne pathogens. The Analysis of bacterial contamination in that food by used to the methodology of Microbiology and diagnosis bacteria by Biochemistry methodology. The result were indicated that the cooked food from five restaurants contaminated with bacteria caused the risk of gastrointestinal disease as follows : PL dishes the microorganisms were founded between 1×105 to 3×108 colony/gram, MPN values in the ranges of Escherichia coli were infected < 3 to 64 and MPN values of Staphylococcus aureus < 3 to 43. There were founded Salmonella spp. 5 samples, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 samples, Shigella spp. 4 samples, Bacillus cereus 2 samples, Proteus spp. 2 sample and Micrococcus spp. 1 sample. In the PK dished, the total number of bacteria were founded between 5×103 to 2×108colony/gram, MPN values in the range of E.coli and S.aureus were infected < 3 to 39 and < 3 to 28. The results showed that the cooked food from five restaurants are contaminated with bacterial caused food poisoning and the risk of gastrointestinal diarrhea at the different levels.
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Sirotamarat, Pajaree, Soawapak Hinjoy, Teerasak Chuxnum, Arthicha Wongkumma, Naraporn Somboonna, and Suphachai Nuanualsuwan. "Quantitative risk assessment of staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) in pork in metropolitan Bangkok, Thailand." LWT 168 (October 2022): 113942. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113942.
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Lopes, Luciana Pontes Barros, Ary de Oliveira Alves Filho, Pollyanna Oliveira Medina, Rachid Pinto Zacarias Filho, and Simone Assayag Hanan. "Reabilitação estética e funcional em paciente com cárie severa da infância: relato de caso." ARCHIVES OF HEALTH INVESTIGATION 9, no. 6 (June 13, 2020): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21270/archi.v9i6.4902.
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Introdução: A cárie severa da infância gera um impacto econômico, emocional e físico nas crianças e em suas famílias, além de determinar alterações funcionais, estéticas e comportamentais, as quais devem ser consideradas na efetivação de um tratamento odontológico eficaz. Objetivo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar um relato de caso clínico de reabilitação estética e funcional de um paciente infantil, do sexo masculino, 5 anos de idade, acometido por CSI, atendido na disciplina de Clínica Odontológica Infantil da Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Caso Clínico: Ao exame clínico e radiográfico, foram observadas lesões cariosas cavitadas nos elementos dentários 51,52,61,62 e 64, além de mancha branca ativa no 74. O tratamento proposto para este paciente incluiu orientação de hábitos de higiene bucal e dietéticos adequados, aplicações tópicas de flúor nas lesões cariosas ativas, necropulpectomia e restauração com resina composta fotopolimerizável. O dente 64, bem como nos dentes 51,52,61 e 62, severamente destruídos pela doença cárie, usando-se coroas de acetato. Conclusão: O tratamento mostrou-se bem sucedido, sendo possível sua realização em ambiente ambulatorial, permitindo restabelecer a função mastigatória e a estética do sorriso, além de promover a educação em saúde por meio da conscientização da criança/núcleo familiar acerca da importância do autocuidado na eliminação dos fatores etiológicos e no controle da doença cárie.
Descritores: Cárie Dentária; Criança; Reabilitação Bucal.
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Fauziyah, Fitri Agustriani, Desi Melda Situmorang, and Yuliyanto Suteja. "Fishing seasons of fish landed at Sungailiat Archipelago Fishing Port in Bangka Regency." E3S Web of Conferences 47 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184706008.
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The fish landed at the Archipelago Fishing Port of Sungailiat is an important aspect for the fishing industry development. One of the factors that influence the sustainability of capture fisheries is optimal fishing operation. Fishing season index can be used to determine an appropriate time in perform of fishing operations. The objective of this research is to determine fishing season pattern of pelagic and demersal fish in the Archipelago Fishing Port of Sungailiat. Time series data on catch and fishing efforts (2006-2015) collected from Sungailiat Archipelago Fishing Port were used to calculate monthly CPUEs and then analysed using moving average method to obtain fishing season index for each month. This results showed that the peak fishing season of eastern little tuna and Barre spanish mackerel occur for 4 months with the best peak season respectively in October and April. The peak fishing season of Yelowstripe Scad, Tile Trevally, Terpedo Scad, sharks and Grouper occur for 5 months with the best peak season respectively in October, May, January, April, and February. The peak fishing season of Marine catfish and Black pomfret occur for 6 months with the best peak season respectively in January and October. While the peak fishing season of Ray occur for 8 months with the best peak season in October.
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Kanungpean, Doungjit, Shinji Takai, and Tsutomu Kakuda. "Contamination and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Pork in Fresh Markets, Nongchok District, Thailand." Veterinary Medicine International 2021 (March 8, 2021): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6646846.
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We surveyed Staphylococcus aureus contamination in 110 pork samples from 12 fresh meat markets in Nongchok district, Bangkok, Thailand, and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing with the disk diffusion method. The prevalence of S. aureus was 28.18%, and 52 strains were isolated. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing using the disk diffusion method revealed that 80.77% of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline and 76.92% to ampicillin. All strains were 100% susceptible to cloxacillin, cefoxitin, gentamicin, and cefazolin. The high percentage of antibiotic resistance to tetracycline and ampicillin was attributed to their use in treating infections in farmed animals and their addition to animal food for disease prevention. Interestingly, the present study revealed the intermediate resistance of S. aureus (13.46% of S. aureus-positive pork samples) to vancomycin which is a common medicine for treating severe infection in humans, suggesting that the trend of resistance might increase and becoming a serious problem of public health for both humans and animals.
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Putri, Novita Permata, Irwani Irwani, Munasik Munasik, Ranny Ramadhani Yuneni, Faqih Akbar Alghozali, and Angka Mahardini. "Mitochondrial COI Haplotype Diversity of Rhynchobatus australiae Collected from Ketapang Fish Port, Bangka Belitung Islands." ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences 27, no. 2 (April 13, 2022): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ik.ijms.27.2.133-140.
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Rhynchobatus australiae is a member of the Rhinidae family and can be found in the Indo Pacific. This species is categorized as Critically Endangered according to The International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) Red List and listed as Appendix II Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), due to population declines. Sustainable fisheries management is urgently needed. Information related to genetic diversity is one of the most important aspects of information for appropriate sustainable fisheries management. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the genetic diversity of Rhynchobatus australiae collected from Ketapang Fish Port Bangka Belitung Islands. Total 21 samples were collected at Ketapang Fish Port. DNA extraction was carried out using the 10% chelex method and amplification was done through PCR method on the mitochondrial DNA using Fish BCL and Fish BCH primer. Sequences in size of 653 base pairs were successfully obtained from all fish samples showing the existence of 2 clades from the construction of the phylogeny tree with close genetic distance. Results showed high haplotype diversity (Hd: 0.733 ± 0.082) and low nucleotide diversity (π: 0.00176± 0.00036) with 6 polymorphic sites (S) from 7 unique haplotypes (h). This research provides basic information of genetic diversity of Rhynchobatus australiae collected from Ketapang Fish Port and complements other information to better understand the status of the threatened Rhynchobatus australiae population.
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Kruspe, Nicole, and John Hajek. "Mah Meri." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 39, no. 2 (July 10, 2009): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100309003946.
Full textAbstract:
Mah Meri (ãʔ məri) belongs to the Aslian branch of Mon-Khmer within the Austroasiatic family. It is classified as a Southern Aslian language, along with Semelai, Semoq Beri and Temoq (Benjamin 1976). Mah Meri is spoken by the Mah Meri ethnic group in scattered settlements along the south-west coast of the Malay peninsula stretching from Port Kelang to Bukit Bangkong, Sepang in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. The island of Sumatra lies a short distance away across the Malacca Strait. The Mah Meri language, which may have as many as 2,185 speakers, has no written tradition and is highly endangered.
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Шарма Сушіл Кумар. "The Tower of Babble: Mother Tongue and Multilingualism in India." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 1 (June 27, 2017): 188–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.1.sha.
Full textAbstract:
Since ancient times India has been a multilingual society and languages in India have thrived though at times many races and religions came into conflict. The states in modern India were reorganised on linguistic basis in 1956 yet in contrast to the European notion of one language one nation, majority of the states have more than one official language. The Linguistic Survey of India (LSI) conducted by Grierson between 1866 and 1927 identified 179 languages and 544 dialects. The first post-independence Indian census after (1951) listed 845 languages including dialects. The 1991 Census identified 216 mother tongues were identified while in 2001 their number was 234. The three-language formula devised to maintain the multilingual character of the nation and paying due attention to the importance of mother tongue is widely accepted in the country in imparting the education at primary and secondary levels. However, higher education system in India impedes multilingualism. According the Constitution it is imperative on the “Union to promote the spread of the Hindi language, to develop it so that it may serve as a medium of expression for all the elements of the composite culture of India … by drawing, wherever necessary or desirable, for its vocabulary, primarily on Sanskrit and secondarily on other languages.” However, the books translated into Hindi mainly from English have found favour with neither the students nor the teachers. On the other hand the predominance of English in various competitive examinations has caused social discontent leading to mass protests and cases have been filed in the High Courts and the Supreme Court against linguistic imperialism of English and Hindi. The governments may channelize the languages but in a democratic set up it is ultimately the will of the people that prevails. Some languages are bound to suffer a heavy casualty both in the short and long runs in the process.
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Sunardi, Asep Didi, Achmad Faisol, and Eko G. Samudro. "THE DOCK ESTABLISHMENT TO SUPPORT MARITIME SECURITY OPERATIONS IN BANGKA BELITUNG." Jurnal Pertahanan: Media Informasi ttg Kajian & Strategi Pertahanan yang Mengedepankan Identity, Nasionalism & Integrity 8, no. 1 (April 30, 2022): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.33172/jp.v8i1.1637.
Full textAbstract:
Navy Base of Bangka Belitung is a type B Navy Base under the operation of Main Navy Base III Jakarta. As a base, it has an important role in the series of Integrated Fleet Weapon Systems (Sistem Senjata Armada Terpadu, SSAT). Nave Base of Bangka Belitung has the main task of supporting administration and logistics for operation elements. Besides that, it plays the role of a unit that enforces the law and maintains maritime security, and also plays an active role in empowering the marine defense area. The port is an important facility in supporting the presence of navy elements that can provide a deterrence effect against threats to maritime security. However, the absence of a dock at Bangka Belitung Navy Base will limit the power of the navy element, that is why the process of law enforcement at sea will be carried out optimally with the presence of a dock. The purpose of this study was to analyze the dock establishment to support the navy power in Bangka Belitung Navy Base securing its maritime area. The theories used were sea power theory, maritime security, dock concept, and International Ship and Port Security Code (ISPS Code). This study used the literature review method, primary data obtained through important files related to the object of research and supported by secondary data in the form of books, journals, and documents related to the construction of the Navy Base of Bangka Belitung. The results showed that the dock can improve the performance of Bangka Belitung Navy Base elements in the support function of anchorage facilities, support for ship maintenance and repair facilities as well as support for supply facilities, support for law enforcement, and maintaining maritime security, as well as empowering marine areas
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Indraratna, B., C. Rujikiatkamjorn, X. Y. Geng, G. McIntosh, and R. Kelly. "Soft Soils Improved by Prefabricated Vertical Drains: Performance and Prediction." Soils and Rocks 34, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 379–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.344379.
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The use of prefabricated vertical drains with vacuum preloading and surcharge preloading is now common practice and is proving to be one of the most effective ground improvement techniques known. The factors affecting its performance, such as the smear zone, the drain influence zone, and drain unsaturation, are discussed in this paper. In order to evaluate these effects a large scale consolidation test was conducted and it was found that the proposed Cavity Expansion Moreover, the procedure for converting an equivalent 2-D plane strain multi-drain analysis that considers the smear zone and vacuum pressure are also described. The conversion procedure was incorporated into finite element codes using a modified Cam-clay theory. Numerical analysis was conducted to predict excess pore pressure and lateral and vertical displacement. Three case histories are analyzed and discussed, including the sites of Muar clay (Malaysia), the Second Bangkok International Airport (Thailand), and the Sandgate railway line (Australia). The predictions were then compared with the available field data, which include settlement, excess pore pressure, and lateral displacement. Further findings verified that smear, drain unsaturation, and vacuum distribution can significantly influence consolidation so they must be modeled appropriately in any numerical analysis to obtain reliable predictions.
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Wiguna, Edwin Adi, Mardi Wibowo, Reno Arief Rachman, Hilmi Aziz, and Sapto Nugroho. "Kondisi Hidrooseanografi Muara Sungai Jelitik, Sungailiat, Bangka Provinsi Bangka Belitung." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 9, no. 1 (September 19, 2019): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v9i1.23363.
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Muara Sungai Jelitik di Sungailiat Bangka merupakan alur pelayaran bagi banyak jenis kapal karena di muara ini terdapat Pelabuhan Perikanan (PPN) Sungailiat.Sedimentasi yang terjadi di muara Sungai Jelitik sangat merugikan, karena ketika air laut surut terendah muara ini tertutup sehingga mengganggu kelancaran lalu lintas kapal dari air kantong ke laut bebas maupun sebaliknya.Pantai Pulau Bangka adalah pantai yang mempunyai arus gelombang dan angkutan sedimen sejajar pantai cukup besar yang dipengaruhi oleh gelombang musim angin barat dan musim angin timur. Guna menjamin kelancaran lalu lintas kapal di lokasi tersebut, maka proses sedimentasi di area tersebut harus dikendalikan sehingga tidak menutup alur pelayaran. Pemahaman tentang dinamika kondisi hidrooseanografi di perairan tersebut diperlukan untuk memilih dan menentukan tindakan pengendalian sedimen. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya survei dan kajian yang bertujuan mengetahui kondisi hidrooseanografi di perairan sekitar muara Sungai Jelitik sebagai bahan pertimbangan untuk menentukan tindakan dan perancangan pengendalian sedimentasi di lokasi tersebut.Metode yang dipakai dalam kajian ini adalah survei dan pemetikan data langsung di lapangan kemudian dilakukan pengolahan dan analisis data hasil survei tersebut. Berdasarkan hasil kajian ini diketahui bahwa kedalaman laut di depan muara Sungai Jelitik bervariasi dari 1 m hingga 30 m, dengan karakteristik dasar perairan sangat dipengaruhi aktivitas penambangan pasir laut. Tipe pasut di Sungailiat adalah tipe harian tunggal (diurnal) dengan arah arus dominan barat dan timur dengan kecepatan maksimum 16,3 cm/dt. Tinggi gelombang bervariasi antara 0-1,5 m. The Jelitik River Estuary at Sungailiat Bangka is a navigation channel for many types of ships because, at this estuary, there is a Sungailiat Fishery Port. Sedimentation that occurs at the mouth of the Jelitik River is very detrimental because when the tide is lowest, the inlet is closed, so disrupted ship traffic. The coast of Bangka Island is a coast that has a massive wave of current and longshore sediment transport that is influenced by the waves of the west wind season and the east wind season. To ensure the smooth flow of ships at that location, the sedimentation process in the area must be controlled so that it does not close the shipping lanes. To select and determine these sediment control measures, an understanding of the dynamics of hydro oceanographic conditions in these waters is needed. Therefore it is necessary to have a survey and study to investigate the condition of hydro oceanography in the waters around the Jelitik River estuary. The study is important for determining the actions and design of sedimentation control in these locations. The method used in this study is surveying and picking data directly in the field, then processing and analyzing the results of the survey data. Based on the results of this study, it is known that the depth of the sea in front of the Jelitik River estuary varies from 1 m to 30 m, with the basic characteristics of the waters strongly influenced by the activity of sea sand mining. Tidal type in Sungailiat is a single daily type (diurnal) with the direction of dominant currents west and east with a maximum speed of 16.3 cm / s. Wave height varies between 0-1.5 m.
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Intui, Sutasinee, Shinya Inazumi, and Suttisak Soralump. "Sustainability of Soil/Ground Environment under Changes in Groundwater Level in Bangkok Plain, Thailand." Sustainability 14, no. 17 (August 31, 2022): 10908. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141710908.
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The groundwater level is a significant factor when assessing the sustainability of soil/ground environmental factors, such as bearing capacity behavior and soil surface displacement. Normally, groundwater level changes depend on deep-well pumping in industrial and economic development areas in many countries, especially Bangkok, Thailand. Groundwater level changes are related to pore water pressure changes and soil surface displacement, called land subsidence or rebound displacement. Changing soil strength and soil surface displacement during groundwater level changes depend on many factors. This study analyzes the behavior of soil around a single pile when the groundwater level changes and assesses the behavior of soil displacement when the groundwater level rises to the ground surface after prohibiting groundwater pumping. This research evaluates the behavior of soil by using a centrifuge machine and theoretical calculations (soil displacement analysis only). The results of both the centrifuge test and theoretical calculations were compared with the results from the Department of Groundwater Resources (DGR) and previous research conducted by other researchers. The soil surface displacement behavior in the centrifuge test showed a similar trend compared with the field measurement results of DGR. Meanwhile, the results of the theoretical calculations and the results of previous researchers showed a similar trend regarding the rebound in soil surface displacement. Furthermore, the bearing capacity of a single pile in stiff clay increased when the groundwater level decreased, and the bearing capacity in stiff clay increased further upon groundwater recovery or the rise to the ground surface. In medium-density sand, the bearing capacity increased when the groundwater level decreased and decreased when the groundwater level recovered to the ground surface.
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Asrial, Evron, Ruly Isfatul Khasanah, Fathurriadi Fathrurriadi, Yasir Arapat, Usma Kurniawan Hadi, Lalu Achmad Tan Tilar Wangsajati Sukmaring Kalih, Lalu Samsul Rizal, et al. "Population Dynamics of Bullet Tuna (Auxis rochei Risso 1881) from the Indian Ocean, West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 13, no. 2 (September 28, 2021): 144–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v13i2.26017.
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Highlight Research:The bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) was identified and analysed.The length at first maturity (Lm) of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) was analyzedThe eligibility status of bullet tuna (Auxis rochei) has been analyzed and estimatedThe LWR curve can be used to estimate age groups of fish compared to the sigmoid curveThe CF cannot be automatically used to estimate fish worth selling AbstractThe bullet tuna (Auxis rochei), BLT or tongkol lisong (Indonesian) is a species of neritic tuna which is one of the target fish for small scale fishers. The problem of bullet tuna fisheries was that it has reached overexploitation and the immature bullet tuna are still caught. This study aimed to assess the population dynamics of the BLT and its size composition caught by small scale fishers in the Indian Ocean, West Nusa Tenggara area was carried out in Bangko-Bangko (West Lombok), Cemplung Beach (South Sumbawa) and Tanjung Luar Fishing Port (East Lombok) between July 2019 and June 2020. The data was derived from the measurement and weighing results of 1,217 BLT collected from the respective collector traders at each sampling location. The growth pattern of BLT was isometric () which meant the ideal body shape (mesomorph) and length at first maturity (FLm) was 31.11 cm. The length-weight relationship curve showed that BLT was in an immature age group (adolescent fish). Meanwhile, the composition of BLT is worth selling (Condition Factor > 1.00), fit for catch (FLc / FLm > 1.00) and worthy of maturity (FLc > FLm), respectively 99.92%, 0.82% and 0.00%. The BLT fish composition indicates that the stocks of resources and populations do not support current sustainable fisheries management.
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Oktariza, Wawan, Budy Wiryawan, Mulyono S. Baskoro, Rahmat Kurnia, and Sugeng H. Wisudo. "MODEL BIO-EKONOMI PERIKANAN CUMI-CUMI DI PERAIRAN KABUPATEN BANGKA, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG (Bio-Economic Model of Squid Fisheries in The Waters of Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands Province)." Marine Fisheries : Journal of Marine Fisheries Technology and Management 7, no. 1 (October 7, 2016): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jmf.7.1.97-107.
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<p>ABSTRACT<br /><br />Squid captured in the waters of Bangka Regency has grown, both with traditional and modern fishing gear. Fishing gear used consisted of squid jigging and stationary lift net. Squid fisheries in this water have not been well managed as evidenced by the tendency of squid production decreased in Sungailiat Fishing Port 17.59% per year in the period 2010-2013, the number of outside fishers who caught squid and rampant illegal tin mining in coastal waters. This study aims to determine the optimal level of squid resource management in the waters of Bangka based on biological and economic aspects. The analysis used is Schnute bio-economic models because it is more appropriate to estimate squid stock in this water. The results showed squid resources utilized in this water was overfishing, both biologically and economically since 2010 in which the production rate for the year has been 116.12% of MEY and 115.94% of MSY. Optimal production levels at MEY conditions are 767.13 tons per year with efforts 5,544 trips per year. The production level at MSY conditions are 768.33 tons per year and the efforts 5,733 fishing trips per year.<br /><br />Keywords: Bangka Regency waters, MEY, MSY, overfishing, squid fisheries</p><p>-------<br /><br />ABSTRAK</p><p>Penangkapan cumi-cumi di perairan Kabupaten Bangka telah berkembang, baik dengan alat tradisional maupun modern. Alat tangkap yang digunakan terdiri dari squid jigging dan bagan tancap. Perikanan cumi-cumi di perairan ini belum dikelola dengan baik seperti terlihat dari kecenderungan produksi cumi-cumi di PPN Sungailiat yang menurun 17,59% per tahun pada periode 2010 – 2013, banyaknya nelayan luar yang menangkap cumi dan maraknya penambangan timah illegal di perairan pesisir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan tingkat pengelolaan sumberdaya cumi-cumi yang optimal di perairan Kabupaten Bangka berdasarkan aspek biologi dan aspek ekonomi. Analisis yang digunakan yaitu model bio-ekonomi Schnute karena lebih sesuai untuk menduga stok cumi-cumi di perairan ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemanfaatan sumberdaya cumi-cumi di perairan ini sudah mengalami tangkap lebih baik secara biologi maupun ekonomi sejak tahun 2010. Dimana tingkat produksi pada tahun tersebut sudah mencapai 116,12% dari MEY dan 115,94 dari MSY. Tingkat produksi optimal pada kondisi MEY yaitu 767,13 ton/tahun dengan upaya tangkap 5.544 trip/tahun. Adapun pada kondisi MSY, tingkat produksi 768,33 ton per tahun dan upaya tangkap 5.733 trip per tahun.<br /><br />Kata kunci: perairan Kabupaten Bangka, MEY, MSY, tangkap lebih, perikanan cumi-cumi</p>
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I, Chairul Insani, Anwar Tuip, Bambang Setiawan, and Purboyo Purboyo. "EVALUASI FASILITAS DARATAN PELABUHAN PENYEBERANGAN TANJUNG KALIAN MUNTOK KABUPATEN BANGKA BARAT." Jurnal Penelitian Sekolah Tinggi Transportasi Darat 9, no. 2 (December 10, 2018): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.55511/jpsttd.v9i2.65.
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Pelabuhan Crossing Tanjung Kalian, Muntok adalah Crossing Port yang melayani jalur Tanjung Kalian - Tanjung Api-api, yang dikelola oleh PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry (Persero) Cabang Bangka. Pelabuhan ini sangat erat kaitannya dengan peningkatan ekonomi dan perkembangan masyarakat Bangka-Belitung, karena perannya sebagai pintu gerbang untuk perdagangan dan pariwisata.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kondisi fasilitas seperti keberadaan Gangway dan penempatan konter penjualan tiket untuk penumpang sesuai dengan Peraturan Menteri Perhubungan Nomor 29 Tahun 2016, dan Lampiran II Direktorat Jenderal Perhubungan Darat Peraturan Nomor SK.2681 / AP / DRJD / 2006 tentang pengoperasian Pelabuhan Persimpangan pada tanggal 4 September 2006, prosedur untuk Layanan bagi Penumpang.Untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan bagi pengguna jasa pelabuhan, perlu memperhatikan kondisi fasilitas darat pelabuhan yang ada sementara kondisi saat ini masih memiliki beberapa kerugian seperti tidak adanya gang yang digunakan untuk pejalan kaki ke dan dari kapal. Agar tidak mengganggu kendaraan yang akan keluar dari kapal, serta penempatan counter penumpang yang tidak cocok sehingga membuat penumpang enggan membeli tiket terlebih dahulu yang berakibat ketika kapal siap memuat mereka berdesakan untuk membeli tiket.
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Rachman, Reno Arief, Mardi Wibowo, Edwin Adi Wiguna, Sapto Nugroho, Madyani Madyani, and Budi Santoso. "Kajian Karakteristik Sedimen Dasar di Perairan Sungailiat untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat, Kab. Bangka." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 10, no. 2 (March 25, 2021): 112–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v10i2.31662.
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Tingkat sedimentasi di muara S. Jelitik sangat tinggi sehingga ketika air laut surut, kapal-kapal tidak dapat keluar masuk ke Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara (PPN) Sungailiat. Untuk menangani masalah tersebut, pemerintah secara periodik melakukan pengerukan yang berbiaya tinggi. Oleh karena itu, Pemprov Bangka Belitung merencanakan membangun infrastruktur pengendali sedimen. Dalam perencanaan infrastruktur pengendali sedimen diperlukan data-data karakteristik sedimen dasar. Saat ini kajian khusus karateristik sedimen dasar di kawasan ini masih belum ada. [A1] Oleh karena itu dilakukan kajian ini dengan tujuan mengetahui pola sebaran karakteristik sedimen dasar seperti berat jenis, tekstur sedimen, ukuran d50 butir sedimen dan analisis stastik sedimen dasar. Karakteristik ini sangat penting untuk kajian sedimentasi selanjutnya terutama sebagai data masukan perhitungan kecepatan sedimentasi baik secara analitik maupun dengan pemodelan numerik. Metode yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah survei lapangan, pengambilan sampel sedimen dasar, analisis laboratorium dan analisis statistik sedimen. Berdasarkan kajian ini sedimen dasar di perairan Sungailiat ini didominasi oleh pasir sedikit campuran kerikil dengan nilai d50 berkisar antar 1-1,5 mm dan terpilah buruk. Kondisi sedimen dasar berupa pasir mempunyai daya dukung yang baik untuk pengembangan pelabuhan.Sedimentation in the S Jelitik estuary is very high, so when the tide is low, the ships traffic at the Sungailiat Fisheries Port is disturbed. So far, dredging has been done to solve this problem, which requires high costs. To overcome this, the Provincial Government of Bangka Belitung plans to build a sediment control infrastructure. In planning the sediment control infrastructure, sea bottom sediment characteristics data are needed. Currently, there is no specific study of se bottom sediment characteristics in this area. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of knowing the distribution pattern of seabottom sediment characteristics such as density, sediment texture, d50 grain size and analysis of the basic sediment statistics. This characteristic is very important for further sedimentation studies, especially as input data for calculating the sedimentation velocity both analytically and by numerical modeling. The methods used in this study are field surveys, sediment sampling, laboratory analysis and sediment statistical analysis. Based on this study, the seabottom sediment in Sungailiat waters is dominated by sand, a little mixture of gravel, with d50 values ranging from 1-1.5 mm and poorly segregated. The seabottom sediment in the form of sand have good capacity for port development.
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Alditra, Diandri Fakhri, Susit Chaiprakaikeow, and Suttisak Soralump. "Study of VCM Improved Soft Soil Properties Using Non-Destructive and Destructive Techniques." Geosciences 10, no. 8 (August 6, 2020): 300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10080300.
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In Bangkok, the demand for housing is extensively high due to the city growing rapidly, so some swampy areas are filled with soil. A Prefabricated Vertical Drain (PVD) with the Vacuum Consolidation Method (VCM) is required to make the soil applicable for construction. However, it is difficult to monitor the soil strength during the process because the airtight sheet will be broken. This research aims to study the possibility of using the Spectral Analysis of Surface Waves (SASW) test to monitor the effectiveness of the VCM method and to study the development of shear-wave velocity over the consolidation period. Multiple instruments were installed on site, namely, vacuum gauges, settlement plates, and a piezometer, as well as a borehole to monitor the pump pressure, settlement, porewater pressure, and soil properties. Ten SASW tests were taken to measure the change in shear-wave velocity (Vs) over 7 months. The results showed an increment in the Vs along with increments in the settlement and undrained shear strength (Su), as well as a decrement in pore pressure during the consolidation period. The correlation between Vs and soil settlement was developed to predict the amount of settlement using Vs. These all indicated the potential of using the SASW method for soil improvement monitoring purposes.
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Musu, Junita Trivianty, Hadi Prasetyo, and Bambang Widarsono. "Integrating Petrography With Core-Log-Well Test Data For Low Permeability Sandstone Reservoir Characterization: Preliminary Recommendation For Production Optimization." Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas 33, no. 3 (February 22, 2022): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.29017/scog.33.3.823.
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Integrating petrographic core information into combined core petrophysics, log, and well test data for understanding facies and environmental deposition in rock characterization has proved itself useful to improving quality and reliability of the required conclusions. This integrated approach has specifically shown its use in the cases of complex reservoirs such ones characterized as low-permeability sandstone reservoirs. It is in this spirit that this paper demonstrates how this virtually cost efficient analysis provides preliminary recommendations for the exploitation of such reservoirs. As case study, two types of producing reservoirs (Bekasap, Bangko, Pematang, and Tanjung Formations) have been taken in 2009. The first type is strongly controlled by depositional environment. It is found in the upper part of Bekasap and Bangko formations (1900 - 2300 ft-ss), deposited in estuarine system, and made of very fine to fine grained sand with low to moderate bioturbation. This mostly feldspathic and lithic greywackes have permeability of up to 200 mD. The second type is strongly dominated by diagenesis process and is mainly found in the Upper Pematang and Tanjung Formations (6200 - 7400 ft-ss). This reservoir type is characterized by its coarse-grained and conglomeratic sandstones resulted from fan- elta and braided channel depositional system. Diagenetic events such as compaction, recrystallization of matrix into microcrystalline clay minerals, precipitation of authigenic minerals in pore system are also well identified from the performed petrographic analysis. This is dominated by sublitharenite and litharenite sandstones exhibit horizontal permeability of up to several dozens mD. The two producing reservoir types have undergone carefully planned exploitation and stimulation operations, and the horizontal drilling and fracturing
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Sriwaranun, Yaowarat, Christopher Gan, Minsoo Lee, and David A. Cohen. "Consumers’ willingness to pay for organic products in Thailand." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 5 (May 11, 2015): 480–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-09-2013-0204.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate factors affecting consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) a premium for organics. Design/methodology/approach – A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data at five retail stores in metropolitan Bangkok. Exploratory factor analysis and the double-bound contingent valuation method were used for analysis. Findings – Results indicate WTP premiums of 88, 51 and 51 per cent for kale, jasmine rice and pork, respectively. Analysis indicates that respondents are willing to pay a premium if they have already purchased organic products, have good health, strong ethical and environmental concerns, think that organic products provide greater quality and health benefits, and reside in the city. Respondents with children, however, are less likely to pay a premium for organic products. Analysis also indicates that the price premium hinders purchase. Practical implications – Efforts should be made by policymakers, together with marketers and producers, to lower the price of organic products to attract more consumers. Originality/value – To enlarge the organic market, one must understand consumers’ preferences for organic products and the premium they will pay for them. This is not well-researched. Though several studies have investigated consumers’ behaviour towards environmentally friendly products in Thailand, there is little research on WTP. This lack is a major impediment to the growth of organic consumption and the development of organic product markets.
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Lisna, Lisna, Nurhayati Nurhayati, and Aniz Fitrianisa. "Pola Pertumbuhan Ikan Kerapu Sunu (Plectropomus Leopardus) Di Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Kurau Kabupaten Bangka Tengah." Jurnal Perikanan dan Kelautan 25, no. 3 (November 23, 2020): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/jpk.25.3.208-215.
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Sunu grouper fish belongs to the Seranidae family whose pattern of reproduction is anti hermaphrodite protogyny, which is the gonad as an organ that changes the transition from the female to male phase. The aims of this research is to study the growth pattern of Sunu grouper fish and find out the total of female Sunu grouper or male Sunu grouper that caught a lot. This research was conducted at the Port of Kurau Coastal Fisheries, Central Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Province from February to March 2020 using a survey method. The results showed that the catch of tiger grouper fish reached 399,94 kg, consist of 283,44 kg or 581 female fish species and 116,50 kg or 69 fish according to male sex. The total number of fish caught during the study was 650 fish with the growth pattern is allometric positif. The results also showed a coefficient of determination (R2) of female groupers 0.938 and a value of determination (R2) of 0.701 in male groupers. Based on the results of research that has been done can conclude the growth pattern of female Sunu grouper is allometric positif with value 3,09 and the growth pattern of male Sunu grouper is allometric positif with value 3,87. The total of Sunu grouper fish catch along research is about 650 fish consist of 581 female grouper fish and 69 male grouper fish
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Iftitahiyah, Vita Nur, Didik Prasetyoko, Hadi Nur, Hasliza Bahruji, and Hartati Hartati. "Synthesis and characterization of zeolite NaX from Bangka Belitung Kaolin as alternative precursor." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 16, 2018): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v14n4.964.
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The potential use of kaolin as silica and alumina precursor for the synthesis of zeolite NaX was investigated in this study. The synthesis involved three steps of reactions; the preparation of seed gel, the formation of feedstock gel using kaolin and the combination of overall gel followed by hydrothermal treatment at 105°C for 12 hours. Analysis using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method indicated the transformation of kaolin into pure phase zeolite NaX with a small amount of kaolin was still visible. Detail microscopic analysis showed the morphology of zeolite X consisted of octahedral particles with a crystallite diameter of 20-30 µm. Analysis of surface acidity using pyridine as probe molecule indicated the zeolite X has high Brǿnsted acidity with 0.181 mmol/g of acid sites, significantly higher than Lewis acidity ~0.053 mmol/g. The N2 adsorption-desorption measurement indicated a type IV material with both microporous and mesoporous structures with an average pore size of 1.47 nm for micropore and 3.41 nm for mesoporous.
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Henuk, Yusuf L., and Darma Bakti. "Benefits of Promoting Native Chickens for Sustainable Rural Poultry Development in Indonesia." Talenta Conference Series: Agricultural and Natural Resources (ANR) 1, no. 1 (October 16, 2018): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/anr.v1i1.98.
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There are many benefits of promoting of native chickens for rural poultry development in Indonesia. They are commonly raised in many areas of Indonesia and play a major role in food production, providing the main source of dietary animal protein for many people. They are often called “non-breed chickens"— (“or (“buras") to differentiate them from modern commercialized chicken breeds. There are at least 34 kinds of native chickens in Indonesia. Some of the more common native chickens, namely Ayunai, Balenggek, Banten, Bangkok, Burgo, Bekisar, Cemani, Ciparage, Gaok, Kampung, Kasintu, Kedu, Pelung, Lamba, Maleo, Merawang, Nagrak, Nunukan, Nusa Penida, Olagan, Sedayu, Sentul, Sumatera, Tolaki, Tukung, Wareng, Sabu, and Semau. Some of them are used for non-food purposes. Indonesia with its population is over 258.71 million people in 2016 has an annual level of protein consumption from poultry meat of 12.97 kg/capita/year and poultry eggs exceeded 190 eggs/capita/year. They accounted for about 10% of Indonesia‘s total meat consumption compared to broiler (55%), beef (19%), pork (8%), goat (7%), and others (1%) with its per capita meat consumption from livestock is still lower compared to many countries. There are three types of husbandry systems are used to raise native chickens in Indonesia. First, the extensive traditional system, farmers usually reared them ranged between 2 to 20 birds. Second, the semi-intensive with the bird numbers typically range from the least ownership of 25 birds to hundreds. Finally, there is professionally managed intensive system. The number of chickens reared is varies from hundreds to thousands.
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Yuliardi, Amir Yarkhasy, Septy Heltria, Kemal Taj, and Nyoman M. N. Natih. "The amplitudes and phases of tidal constituents from Harmonic Analysis at two stations in the Gaspar Strait of Bangka Belitung." Omni-Akuatika 18, no. 1 (April 21, 2022): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2022.18.1.893.
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The waters of the Bangka Belitung islands are shallow waters that are affected by tides. The tides in these waters originate from the propagation of the Natuna and Java Seas, so they have unique characteristics. This study aims to analyze the amplitude and phase difference at 2 stations representing Bangka and Belitung Islands with the final output of LAT and HAT information as marine cadastral recommendations at Tanjung Pesona and Tanjung Tinggi stations and safe depths for ports in PPN Sungailiat and PPN Tanjung Pandan. . Tidal data for 1 year with time intervals of 1 hour in 2015 were used to extract the harmonic components to determine the type of tide and calculate the tidal level at each station. The results obtained are 19 harmonic components with a diurnal tide type. The water level at Tanjung Pesona is higher than the high Tanjung, which is described by tidal levels with HAT 2.64 and 1.72 m. Safe depth of harbor pond. In the LAT condition (lowest recess), the water level at Tanjung Pesona station is above the Sungailiat PPN pool's maximum depth; on the other hand, the Tanjung Pandan PPN LAT is 0.44 m below the maximum depth of the port pool.Key Word: Bangka Belitung, chart datum, LAT, HAT, tidal level
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Rachman, Reno Arief, and Mardi Wibowo. "Kajian Sedimen Tersuspensi di Muara Sungai Jelitik untuk Mendukung Pengembangan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka." Buletin Oseanografi Marina 11, no. 3 (July 19, 2022): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/buloma.v11i3.41125.
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Sungai Jelitik merupakan sungai utama dan urat nadi perekonomian Kecamatan Sungailiat, Kabupaten Bangka. Muara Sungai Jelitik termasuk dalam kawasan rencana pengembangan Kawasan Ekonomi Khusus (KEK) Pariwisata Sungailiat. Selain itu, Pelabuhan Perikanan Sungailiat juga terletak di alur Sungai Jelitik dan akan dikembangkan sebagai kawasan industri. Permasalahan utama yang dijumpai saat ini adalah sedimentasi di mulut muara S Jelitik yang diantaranya terkait konsentrasi sedimen tersuspensi. Oleh karena itu sebagai langkah awal dilakukan kajian tentang sedimen tersuspensi (TSS) ini. Metode kajian ini adalah pengambilan sampel air, analisis laboratorium dan analisis data. Kandungan TSS di perairan sekitar muara S Jelitik berkisar 65–250 mg/l dengan nilai rerata 128,28 mg/l, hal ini menunjukkan bahwa perairan di sekitar muara S Jelitik tidak memenuhi baku mutu baik untuk budidaya biota, untuk wisata maupun untuk pelabuhan berdasarkan PP 22 tahun 2021. Konsentrasi TSS di bagian tengah kedalaman sedikit lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan konsentrasi TSS di bagian bawah kedalaman air laut. Kecepatan endap padatan tersuspensi di muara S Jelitik berkisar antara 0,0197–0,0858 mm/dt, dengan nilai rata-rata sekitar 0,0399 mm/dt. Sehingga sedimen tersebut baru terendapkan ke dasar perairan setelah 75.187 detik (20,88 jam) atau sekitar 0,87 hari apabila kondisi arusnya tenang. The Jelitik River is the main river of Sungailiat District, Bangka Regency. The Jelitik River Estuary is included in the area of the Sungailiat Tourism Special Economic (KEK) development area. Besides, Sungailiat Fishing Port is located in the Jelitik River channel and will be developed as an industrial area. The main problem currently encountered is sedimentation at the mouth of the S Jelitik estuary. Sedimentation is strongly associated with turbidity and suspended sediment concentration. Therefore, as a first step, a study of this suspended sediment is carried out. The method of this study is water sampling, laboratory analysis, and data analysis. The TSS value in the waters around the S Jelitik estuary ranges from 65 - 250 mg/l with a mean value of 128.28 mg/l, this indicates that the waters around the S Jelitik estuary do not meet quality standards both for biota cultivation, for tourism and ports base on Government Regulation 22/2021. The TSS concentration at the center of the depth is slightly higher than the TSS concentration at the bottom of the seawater depth. The sedimentation rate of suspended solids in the S Jelitik estuary ranged from 0.0197 - 0.0858 mm/s, with an average value of about 0.0399 mm/s. So that the sediment is just deposited to the bottom of the water after 75,187 seconds (20.88 hours) or about 0.87 days if the current conditions are calm.
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Wannigama, Dhammika Leshan, Naris Kueakulpattana, Sirirat Luk-In, Parichart Hongsing, Cameron Hurst, Vishnu Nayak Badavath, Piroon Jenjaroenpun, et al. "1355. Cluster of Multi-drug Resistance Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates with Reduce Ceftriaxone Susceptibility, First Report in Thailand." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 8, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2021): S764. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofab466.1547.
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Abstract Background Rapid emergence of global azithromycin resistance, with ceftriaxone reduce susceptibility/resistant strains, threatens the current recommends dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin for gonorrhea to ensure effective treatment. Thailand is a major risk area for gonorrhea because it as a key destination for sex tourism industry, where antibiotic resistance gonorrhea can spread easily and quickly across the region. Here, we identified a first cluster of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility in Thailand. Methods A 134 N. gonorrhoeae isolates collected from Thai Red Cross Anonymous Clinic, Bangkok, during 2016–2018 were studied. Broth micro-dilution and plate dilution methods to define resistance or decreased susceptibilityaccording to CLSI guidelines. Select isolates were subjected to whole genome sequencing with an Illumina MiSeq V2 instrument and analysis using CLCBio Genomics Workbench v6.5. Molecular docking studies were carried out to understand binding mode analysis and orientation of ceftriaxone in the active site of PBP2. Biofilm formation measured by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Results Among the N. gonorrhoeae clinical isolates, two isolates had significant reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone (MICs of 0.125 mg/L), which were isolated from urethral swab in male heterosexual patients. Both were multidrug resistance and strong biofilm producers with ceftriaxone tolerance (MBEC > 128 mg/L). One isolate was resistant to azithromycin (MIC of 1 mg/L), and other one remained susceptible (MIC of 0.5 mg/L). Reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone associated with alterations in PBP2, PBP1, PorB, MtrR, and mtrR promoter region with one belonged to ST7235 and second one had new allele number of tbpB with new sequence type (ST). Ceftriaxone weakly occupy the active site of mosaic XXXIV penicillin-binding protein 2 (PBP2) variant in both. Molecular epidemiology results reviled that both isolates display similarities with isolates from UK, USA, and Netherlands. Conclusion This first cluster of genetically related gonococcal isolates with decreased ceftriaxone susceptibility may bring threat of treatment failure in Thailand. Also highlighted the importance of maintaining surveillance for antimicrobial resistance. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Sari, Nirmala, Okto Supratman, and Eva Utami. "ASPEK REPRODUKSI DAN UMUR IKAN EKOR KUNING (Caesio cuning) YANG DI DARATKAN DI PELABUHAN PERIKANAN NUSANTARA SUNGAILIAT KABUPATEN BANGKA." JURNAL ENGGANO 4, no. 2 (September 30, 2019): 193–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.31186/jenggano.4.2.193-207.
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Ikan ekor kuning (Caesio cuning) salah satu jenis ikan karang dari famili Caesionidae, yang menjadi target penangkapan dengan bubu di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat. Ikan ekor kuning memiliki nilai ekonomis penting. Informasi tentang aspek reproduksi ikan ekor kuning (Caesio cuning) diperlukan untuk pengelolaan yang berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek reproduksi ikan ekor kuning pada bulan Januari sampai Maret yang meliputi Rasio Kelamin (sex ratio), Tingkat Kematangan Gonad (TKG), Indeks Kematangan Gonad (IKG), Fekunditas, dan menganalisis umur ikan. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan Januari sampai Maret 2019 di Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat dengan menggunakan metode random sampling. Hasil penelitian selama tiga bulan ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai rasio kelamin ikan ekor kuning jantan dan betina yaitu 1:1,032 yang berada pada tingkat kematangan I sampai dengan tingkat kematangan gonad IV. Nilai IKG ikan ekor kuning jantan berkisar antara 0,014% - 4,712% dan untuk betina antara 0,014% - 7,784%. Fekunditas ikan ekor kuning betina berkisar antara 5.523 – 49.987 butir dan memiliki umur 1 tahun dan 2 tahun, dimana panjang tubuh ikan sangat mempengaruhi umur ikan.REPRODUCTIVE ASPECTS AND AGE OF YELLOW-TAILED FISH (Caesio Cuning) LANDED AT SUNGAILIAT ARCHIPELAGO FISHING PORT IN BANGKA REGENCY. Reproductive aspects of yellow-tailed fish which are landed in the Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat in Bangka Regency. Yellow-tailed fish (Caesio cuning) is one type of reef fish from the Caesionidae family, which is the target of catching fish at the Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat. Yellow tail fish has important economic value. Information about the reproductive aspects of yellow tail fish (Caesio cuning) is needed for sustainable management. This study aims to determine the reproductive aspects of yellow tailed fish from January to March which include sex ratio, gonad maturity level, gonad somatic index, fecundity, and analyze the age of fish. Sampling was carried out from January to March 2019 at the Pelabuhan Perikanan Nusantara Sungailiat used the random sampling method. The results of this three-month study showed that the sex ratio of yellow-tailed fish male and female were 1: 1,032 which at the level of maturity I to the level of gonad maturity IV. The value of GSI male yellow-tailed fish ranges from 0.014% - 4.712% and females between 0.014% - 7.784%. The fecundity of female yellow-tailed fish ranges from 5,523 - 49,987 grains and yellow-tailed fish has age 1 year and 2 years, where the body length of fish greatly affects the age of fish.
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Idris, Idris, Neviaty P. Zamani, Suharsono Suharsono, and Fakhrurrozi Fakhrurrozi. "Coral Reef Degradation Due to ‘Ship Grounding’ in Indonesia: Case Study of Ship Aground in Bangka-Belitung Waters by Mother Vessel MV Lyric Poet." Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 263. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jipk.v12i2.17947.
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HighlightDamage to coral reefs by ship aground is twice the area of a football fieldFound four zones of damage including runoff, dune, blow and dispersalMortality of live coral and other benthic biota ranges from 75-100% in the affected locationThe form of damaged live coral growth is predominantly slow growing.Eight hard coral species were found on the IUCN-Redlist list with a vulnerable status.AbstractShip grounding on coral reefs often results in physical and biological damage, including dislodging and removal of corals from reefs, destruction of coral skeletons, erosion and removal of sediment deposits, and loss of three-dimensional complexity. Indonesia, as an archipelagic country, is very vulnerable to various pressures; for example, the case of ship grounding is a great concern of scientists, managers, divers, and sailors themselves. Most of the damage is very severe. The purpose of the research conducted is to identify the condition of the live coral cover, mapping the type and extent of coral reef damage, affected coral species, their conservation status, and to quantify the extent of the area of coral reef damage. Measuring the extent of damage to coral reef ecosystems using the fishbone method, while the level of damage and its impact was measured using the Underwater Photo Transect (UPT) and belt transect method. The event of the grounding of the MV Lyric Poet on the Bangka Waters, Bangka-Belitung Province, has caused damage to the coral reef ecosystem. There are four damage zones identified, i.e., trajectory, mound, propeller, and dispersion zone. Corals are damaged with a total area of 13.540m2; equivalent to twice that of an international football field. Diversity of hard coral found as many as 49 species included in the CITES-Appendix II. A total of eight protected species are included in the IUCN Red List with extinction-prone status.
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Mallongi, Anwar, Muh Fajaruddin Natsir, Ratna Dwi Puji Astuti, and Annisa Utami Rauf. "Assessment of Ecological and Target Hazard Risks of Mercury Contaminated Water Along Makassar Coastal Areas, Indonesia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, T2 (December 28, 2020): 229–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.7652.
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INTRODUCTION: The coastal area of Makassar city is a vulnerable area to various pollutants, most of which are generated by anthropogenic activities, such as home industry products, gold shop waste products, and household waste, starting from the coastal area in Barombong to the coastal villages in the Ujung Tanah subdistrict, with the highest level of mercury (Hg) concentration in the coastal area. Another source of potential Hg pollution in this area can be due to community activities at the fish landing base (PPI, Paotere). AIMS: The aims of this research were to analyze the Hg content in surface water collected from coastal areas of Makassar City and to analyze the target hazard risk effect due to the excessive exposure of water from the recognized as ecologically contaminated area. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research applied an observational analytic design of cross-sectional studies. Direct measurement and laboratory sample analyses were conducted as well as a questionnaire was applied to obtain relevant, precise, and accurate data. Respondents’ characteristics related to education, habit, lifestyle, occupational smoking habits, and dietary were requested by the administered household interview questionnaire. Assay of the laboratory to analyze the magnitude of Hg in surface water was conducted. Respondents with volunteered based selected using stratified random sampling methods. RESULTS: Results of the analysis of Hg distribution in surface water used kriging interpolation method showed that the highest concentration of Hg was in stations (22 and 23) around Area of Anjungan Losari Beach and Area of Anjungan Mandar Losari with 1.0013 and 1.0012 mg/l, respectively. While the lowest were in station 2 with 0.0011 and in station 26 Pelindo Jetti area with 0.0013 mg/l, respectively. Ecological Risk assessment indicated that the areas with the highest risk of ecology were such as Near Dermaga Kayu Bangkoa with 9.8, the Tourism area of Karaeng Batjo Tomb 9.7, and Tanjung Bayang beach with risk ecology 9.1 units, respectively. Furthermore, the magnitude of Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) values were 0.0093 in station 1 in Tourism area of Karaeng Batjo Tomb and 0.0089 units in station 24 of Port of Sukarno Hatta, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: To conclude, Hg levels of contamination in water are still be tolerated in the current; however, its accumulate that potentially harmful in the near future. Ecological risk value was more than one that indicates at risks, although the THQ values are still below than the one that indicates safe.
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Astri Arnamalia, Jihan Rahmi Nabila, and Alvina Lutviyani. "Tinjauan Perspektif Islam dan Sains: Penggunaan Kulit Ikan Nila sebagai Alternatif Bahan Baku Gelatin Halal." Kaunia: Integration and Interconnection Islam and Science 17, no. 2 (April 20, 2022): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/kaunia.3363.
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Produk gelatin impor secara umum belum terjamin status kehalalannya karena menggunakan bahan babi dalam proses pembuatannya. Limbah kulit ikan nila di Indonesia masih belum dimanfaatkan secara optimal, padahal kandungan protein pada kulit ikan nila cukup tinggi. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menjelaskan potensi pemanfaatan kulit ikan nila sebagai gelatin halal yang ditinjau dalam perspektif Islam dan sains. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa bahan dasar merupakan salah satu faktor kehalalan gelatin dan berdasarkan QS. Al Maidah: 96 bahwa kehalalan semua ikan termasuk ikan nila sudah terjamin halal bahkan ketika menjadi bangkai sekalipun. Protein yang terkandung pada ikan nila sebagai sumber gelatin memiliki persentase yang lebih tinggi dari jenis ikan lainnya sebesar 1,5% yang menyebabkan rendemen ikan nila lebih tinggi terutama pada bagian kulit. Metode penelitian berdasarkan hasil dari studi literatur. Ikan nila memiliki kekuatan gel gelatin sebesar 178,11 bloom. The Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America GMIA (2019) menyatakan nilai kekuatan gel, viskositas, pH gelatin yang memenuhi standar sebesar 50-300 bloom, 15-75 mps dan 3,8-7,5. Kekentalan pada gel gelatin ikan nila sangatlah baik yang didukung dengan rendahnya tingkat kerapuhan dan ekstensibel gelatin yang terjaga, dapat dilihat pada nilai viskositas dengan hasil 66,33±3,51 sehingga kulit ikan nila sangat berpotensi sebagai alternatif bahan baku gelatin halal. [In general, imported gelatin products are not guaranteed halal status because they use pork in the manufacturing process. Tilapia skin waste in Indonesia is still not used optimally, even though the protein content in tilapia skin is quite high. This study aims to explain the potential use of tilapia skin as halal gelatin which is reviewed from the perspective of Islam and science. The results of this study indicate that the basic ingredient is one of the halal factors of gelatin and is based on QS. Al Maidah: 96 that the halalness of all fish including tilapia is guaranteed to be halal even when it becomes a carcass. The protein contained in tilapia as a source of gelatin has a higher percentage than other types of fish by 1.5% which causes higher fish yields, especially in the skin. The research method is based on the results of the literature study. Tilapia has a gelatin gel strength of 178.11 blooms, the Gelatin Manufacturers Institute of America GMIA (2019) stated that the gel strength, viscosity, pH values of gelatin meet the standards are 50-300 bloom, 15-75 mps, and 3.8-7, 5. The viscosity of the tilapia gelatin gel is very good which is supported by the low level of brittleness and extensibility of the gelatin that is maintained, it can be seen in the viscosity value with the results of 66.33±3.51 so that tilapia skin is very potential as an alternative raw material for halal gelatin.]
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Hung, Tran Trong, Tran Anh Tu, Dang Thuong Huyen, and Marc Desmet. "Presence of trace elements in sediment of Can Gio mangrove forest, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam." VIETNAM JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES 41, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 21–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7187/41/1/13543.
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Can Gio mangrove forest (CGM) is located downstream of Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), situated between an estuarine system of Dong Nai - Sai Gon river and a part of Vam Co river. The CGM is the largest restored mangrove forest in Vietnam and the UNESCO’s Mangrove Biosphere Reserve. The CGM has been gradually facing to numeric challenges of global climate change, environmental degradation and socio-economic development for the last decades. To evaluate sediment quality in the CGM, we collected 13 cores to analyze for sediment grain size, organic matter content, and trace element concentration of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn. Results showed that trace element concentrations ranged from uncontaminated (Cd, Cu, and Zn) to very minor contaminated (Cr, Ni, and Pb). The concentrations were gradually influenced by suspended particle size and the mangrove plants.ReferencesAnh M.T., Chi D.H., Vinh N.N., Loan T.T., Triet L.M., Slootenb K.B.-V., Tarradellas J., 2003. 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Bolotta, Giuseppe. "‘Invisible Worldings’." European Journal of East Asian Studies, July 29, 2021, 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-20211020.
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Abstract This article explores the interplay between image and reality in the Thai seafood industry’s humanitarian engagements with migrant labour. Revisiting Aihwa Ong’s notion of ‘worlding’ and Peter Jackson’s discussion of the ‘Thai regime of images’, it examines the situated, informal interactions between migrant rights NGO s, fishing companies and state officials in the Thai port city of Samut Sakhon, on the outskirts of Bangkok. Through ethnographic case studies, this analysis illuminates the ‘invisible worldings’ that regulate spaces of migrant workforce from behind the scenes. As I show, migrant labour NGO s operate in a context-sensitive play of appearances and disappearances, humanitarian aid and migrant forced labour, and need to navigate local hierarchies of power in the service of Thailand’s international ‘image’ (phap-lak). It is argued that ‘invisible worldings’ sustain Thailand’s ongoing leadership in the fish trade and, concomitantly, the Thai military government’s cosmetic attempts to rebuild global reputation amid growing international scrutiny.
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Gultom, Annissa M. "Kalapa – Jacatra –Batavia - Jakarta: An old city that never gets old." SPAFA Journal 2 (February 23, 2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.26721/spafajournal.v2i0.173.
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The archaeology of Jakarta is a multi-layered artefact compounded with thin period separations. In the geographical sphere of the “greater Jakarta area”, its roots start from the Neolithic with the discovery of Buni tradition pottery. The Buni area stretched along the north coast of west Java towards the interior to the south. This geographical sphere then became the oldest kingdom in the archipelago, Tarumanagara, an Indian-influenced Hindu Kingdom. A series of different ancient kingdoms ruled until the arrival of the Europeans. First, the Portuguese signed a treaty with Sunda (a Hindu Kingdom and ruler of the port of Kalapa) to defend their territory from Cirebon (an Islamic Kingdom in the eastern part of west java). Kalapa became a prized area that was fought over until the Dutch East India Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, or VOC), led by J. P. Coen, burnt it down and built Batavia. Kalapa, as one of the few main ports of Sunda, historically welcomed people (with or without their will) from different areas. The influx of multicultural influence through this port continued when Batavia became the capital of the VOC, and then for the Netherlands Indies. The area grew into what is now known as the greater area of Jakarta. Although this greater area is now delineated into three different provinces, the cultural span of the area is still the same. A version of this paper was delivered as part of SEAMEO SPAFA’s Capital’s Archaeology Lecture Series on 23 May 2017 at the Siam Society, Bangkok. This paper has been peer reviewed. The lecture can be viewed here: http://bit.ly/2imigGG
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Khan, Mongkol, and Syed Zainol Abidin Idid. "FROM TRADE ROUTES TO STREETS CULTURES AN OVERVIEW OF THE SIGNIFICANCE AND CHARACTERISTICS OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN TRADITIONAL STREETS." PLANNING MALAYSIA, no. 4 (July 30, 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.21837/pm.v14i4.146.
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The uniqueness of the Southeast Asian Traditional streets requires careful investigation in the context of its existence. In this regard, the study focuses on examining what factors contribute to the significant formation of Southeast Asian traditional streets. As early as 1500s the region became an important trading centre for the world, where the West meet the East. The emergence of ports along the coastal line and river mouth played remarkable roles, not only as places for trading goods, but also as a place that exchanged skills, languages, customs, ideology, religion through various means and aspects. Reviews from historical background indicate that ports and cities were transformed physically by virtue of the varieties of hybrid cultures that accumulated from time to time. In this respect, the accumulation of cultures tremendously affected the streets activities and its settings. Urban elements as ports, markets, commercial districts and public spaces point out several identities pertaining to the street cultures and characteristics. It was identified that the maritime trade routes during 15th-18th centuries brought abundantly changed to port cities such as Melaka, Bangkok, and Hanoi through the exposure to various influences. This paper demonstrates the correlation between physical forms and cultural entity of these cities. It reveals the linkages of the influential components from the adopted culture that merged with local context, which strongly emphasized the streets characteristics. Comparing with western commercial street models, Southeast Asian Traditional streets convey the local wisdom that inscribed how people use the streets and how streets formed by hybrid settings.