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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bangladesh – Economic conditions

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Academic literature on the topic 'Bangladesh – Economic conditions'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Ahmed, Atia, Kaniz Habiba Afrin, Anima Karmakar, and Tamal Chakrobortty. "Exploring the Nexus of Domestic Debt and Private Sector Credit in Developing Countries with a Focus on Bangladesh." International Journal of Finance & Banking Studies (2147-4486) 12, no. 2 (August 17, 2023): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.20525/ijfbs.v12i2.2796.

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This research examines domestic debt, private sector lending, and economic development in emerging countries, focusing on Bangladesh. This analysis uses 1960–2022 Bangladeshi secondary data, World Bank World Development Indicators and Bangladesh Ministry of Finance economic statistics. Domestic debt and private sector credit affect emerging nations' economic development, according to this study's theoretical approach. This research examines the link between two factors to add to the literature and provide Bangladesh-specific insights. It is quantitative research that examines domestic debt, private sector credit, and economic development using regression analysis and statistical testing. The conclusions aids Bangladesh's economic development policymakers, economists, and stakeholders. Understanding national debt, financing from the private sector, and the advancement of the country's economy helps policymakers manage debt, allocate credit, and set economic policy. The conducted study also improves theoretical understanding of economic development in underdeveloped countries and illuminates Bangladesh's unique conditions. It examined household debt, private sector lending, and Bangladeshi economic development as well as examines the patterns of economic growth in emerging nations to enhance policy debates and broaden knowledge.

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Majumder, Shapan Chandra, and Sanjay Chandra Roy. "Socio-economic Conditions of Tea Plantation Workers in Bangladesh: A Case Study on Sreemongal." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 10 (October 1, 2011): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/jul2012/14.

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Rahman, Atiqur. "ICT Impact on Socio-economic Conditions of Rural Bangladesh." Journal of World Economic Research 2, no. 1 (2013): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.jwer.20130201.11.

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Islam, Monija. "Socio- Economical Conditions of Aged Widow in Bangladesh." ABC Research Alert 8, no. 2 (August 14, 2020): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abcra.v8i2.482.

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This paper scrutinized the economic, social, and affecting support systems of aged widows of sixty years who live in the People's Republic of Bangladesh. It aims to locate the socio-economic conditions, resources, and impact on aged widows. In the People's Republic of Bangladesh, there's a scarcity of a comprehensive formal arranged for aged widows. Usually, social and economic supports for aged widows come back from their sons, daughters, neighbors, and society members. The largest part of aged widows doesn’t have regular financial support. Insufficient economic aid comes from the govt. within the shape of the widow and aged allowance. Study findings point out that aged widows can coexist in the family but they cannot make family decisions. Besides, in most of cases they don’t get any facilities like respect and medical facilities. This can be causative to the inflated risk for aged widows who are depending on the support of their families. This study reports on a field survey during which one hundred aged widows of sixty years and over were interviewed and analyzed by the exploitation of excel.

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Islam, Monija. "Socio- Economical Conditions of Aged Widow in Bangladesh." ABC Research Alert 8, no. 2 (August 14, 2020): 84–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/ra.v8i2.482.

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This paper scrutinized the economic, social, and affecting support systems of aged widows of sixty years who live in the People's Republic of Bangladesh. It aims to locate the socio-economic conditions, resources, and impact on aged widows. In the People's Republic of Bangladesh, there's a scarcity of a comprehensive formal arranged for aged widows. Usually, social and economic supports for aged widows come back from their sons, daughters, neighbors, and society members. The largest part of aged widows doesn’t have regular financial support. Insufficient economic aid comes from the govt. within the shape of the widow and aged allowance. Study findings point out that aged widows can coexist in the family but they cannot make family decisions. Besides, in most of cases they don’t get any facilities like respect and medical facilities. This can be causative to the inflated risk for aged widows who are depending on the support of their families. This study reports on a field survey during which one hundred aged widows of sixty years and over were interviewed and analyzed by the exploitation of excel.

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Alam, Nurul, and Barkat-e-Khuda. "Demographic events and economic conditions of rural households in Bangladesh." Asian Population Studies 10, no. 3 (February 24, 2014): 304–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17441730.2014.890162.

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Feldman, Shelley. "Bangladesh in 2014." Asian Survey 55, no. 1 (January 2015): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/as.2015.55.1.67.

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Despite a positive economic outlook in 2014, political tensions and income inequalities continue to challenge the country’s democratic image. Power has been concentrated in the executive, state violence has increased, and there is pressure to improve working conditions and infrastructure in the garment sector. For the re-elected Awami League government, addressing employment issues is essential, given its focus on attracting foreign investment.

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Khanum, Romaza. "Socio-Economic Conditions of Fishermen: Evidence from Hakaluki Haor of Bangladesh." Asian Business Review 2, no. 2 (2013): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abr.v2i2.106.

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Khanum, Romaza. "Socio-Economic Conditions of Fishermen: Evidence from Hakaluki Haor of Bangladesh." Asian Business Review 2, no. 2 (February 27, 2015): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18034/abr.v2i2.299.

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HUSSAIN, TOHIR, MD JAHIDUL ISLAM, and IFTEKHAR AHMED FAGUN. "Socio-economic conditions of fishermen in Kanaighat Upazila of Sylhet, Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Fisheries 33, no. 2 (March 28, 2022): 355–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.52168/bjf.2021.33.38.

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The present study was undertaken to portray the socioeconomic conditions of fishermen in Kanaighat upazilla, Sylhet. A well-structured questionnaire was used to gather data from a total of 50 randomly chosen fishermen. About 55% of fishermen worked exclusively in the fishing activities, while 30% worked in agriculture and 15% worked as day laborers. The fishermen' highest yearly income ranged from BDT 25,000 to 40,000, while their lowest annual income ranged from BDT 5000 to 10,000. About % of fisherman had no education, 32% could only sign, % had primary education (up to 5 classes), and just 3 % had both S.S.C. and H.S.C. Almost all fishermen had sanitary facilities, with 67.5 % having kaccha and 32.5 % having semi-concrete. Approximately 100 % of the fishermen utilized tube well water, with 65 % having their own tube-well and the remainder using a neighbor's tube-well. The government did not give Vulnerable Group Feeding (VGD) cards in the study area. The main obstacles were discovered to be a lack of scientific information, illiteracy, and a lack of governmental assistance. Mohajan provides most of them with fishing equipment such as a boat, a net, and credit. Fishermen employed a variety of nets, including Ber jal (seine net), Current jal (gill net), Jhaki jal (cast net), and Thela jal (Push net). The Surma River was the primary source of fishing. They also caught fish from the Andu, Rouwa, and Atghaiya beels. Fishers in the study region had no other choices for earning a living outside fishing in the area.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Selim, Gul Rukh. "Peasant political practice in Bangladesh : an analysis of changing relations of appropriation." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63256.

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Mathbor, Golam Mohammed. "Dynamics and prospects of non-farm employment in the coastal regions of Bangladesh." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22711.

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The coast of Bangladesh, comprising the complex delta of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna river system has immense resources for development. In the concept of present development efforts, this zone is among the most neglected in Bangladesh. It is very often affected by natural calamities and the situation is further aggravated by some man-made hazards, which cause heavy casualties in human lives, cattle, in reducing the size of the coastal areas and in severe damage of properties worth billions of dollars. This thesis envisages looking into the particular issue of non-farm employment. This is more important in an economy in which the land-person ratio is continuously on the decrease and dissemination of intensive crop culture has limitations. This study is exploratory in nature and uses both quantitative and qualitative methods, employing survey interviews for 80 households, 20 key informant interviews and a case study on an organization in order to assess the dynamics and prospects of non-farm employment in the coastal regions of Bangladesh. Findings of the study indicate that practically all of the non-farm field of the entire coastal belt is not yet a government priority. As such, there is need for some persuasive work in formulating some policies to develop sustainable harvests from the abundant maritime resources of the area. This will create provision for non-farm employment as well as producing a vast quantity of exportable commodities for the national well-being. It is expected that it will benefit the people of the area in particular and the entire country in general.

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Halim, Sadeka. "Invisible again : women and social forestry in Bangladesh." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ64569.pdf.

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Jaim, Jasmine. "The influence of gender upon women business-owners' access to debt finance in Bangladesh, a patriarchal developing nation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/35932/.

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There is growing attention to analyse the influence of gender upon women’s entrepreneurship. Nonetheless, the body of literature almost entirely concentrates on developed nations, specifically on the USA and Europe. The research context for the thesis is Bangladesh, a South Asian developing nation, where there was a government initiative to support small businesses of women through bank loans. Recognising that entrepreneurship is a social phenomenon, it is important to explore how gender subordination is articulated in the experiences of women business-owners in developing countries. Placing women at the centre of the study, this feminist standpoint research undertook interviews with 21 Bangladeshi women business-owners. Considering finance as a major area of entrepreneurship, this thesis analyses the influence of gender upon women business-owners’ access to debt finance in the context of a patriarchal developing nation. To address this aim, the study investigates the family as well as the broader societal context. The thesis contributes to advance the understanding of gender subordination of women business-owners within the context of debt financing from developed nations to developing nations. The extant literature on debt finance of developed nations focuses almost solely on discrimination-related issues. It is individual woman business-owner centric, ignoring the family or the broader societal context. Nevertheless, the empirical evidence of this study suggests that male family members were inevitably involved in the process. Further, in developed nations, the exploration of patriarchal practices is primarily limited to the adverse effect of societal expectation of work (i.e., domestic responsibilities and childcare) on the businesses of women. This study extends the view by demonstrating that the dominating, oppressing and exploiting roles of male family members were evident at the individual level with a direct influence on the business activities. The husbands of many women were even found to share the bank loans entirely or partially. This has implications for the effectiveness of the government policy, aiming at the emancipation of the women. Moreover, the study significantly adds to the prevailing knowledge by identifying certain context specific family related issues (for instance, child marriage) or the structural, cultural issues of the broader society (such as, corruption) in relation to gender subordination of women business-owners. While explaining gender subordination of women business-owners, the contribution of the thesis is not limited to its understanding in a developing nation. Given the highly patriarchal nature of the context, the study provides opportunity to extend the comprehension of some of the issues of gender subordination (for instance, the respectable position of women) that are existing in developed nations in a more subtle form. Thus, it provides a platform for future research in the field of entrepreneurship, gender and finance in developing nations as well as in developed nations.

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Khondker, Bazlul Haque. "Analysis of tariff and tax policies in Bangladesh : a computable general equilibrium approach." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36239/.

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The prime objectives of the study are to analyse the effects of tax and tariff policies in Bangladesh. Toward this end, different variants of computable general equilibrium models are developed and used to assess the distributional consequence of tax reform and to examine the resource allocation and income distribution effects of tariff liberalisation within the paradigm of both 'traditional' and 'new' trade theories. A computable general equilibrium model of the Bangladesh economy is developed to assess the distributional consequences of the indirect tax reform which involves the introduction of a value added tax system. The model captures specific features of a consumption-type and destination principle-based value added tax system which has been adopted in Bangladesh. An alternative model of the Bangladesh economy is also developed to analyse the effects of tariff liberalisation on resource allocation and income distribution under both competitive and non-competitive assumptions. The model explicitly incorporates 'market structure' variables such as marginal costs, the number of domestic firms, the excess profit condition, the market demand elasticities for domestic firms and increasing returns to scale. The models are static in nature and are calibrated to a 1988/89 data set compiled within the framework of a social accounting matrix (SAM). The social accounting matrix integrates different data sources and the input-output table to depict the major macroeconomic relations and provides a consistent macroeconomic data set for policy modelling. Such a framework is particularly useful for a country such as Bangladesh with sparse and conflicting data sources. The SAM is an attractive framework for locating inconsistencies and for resolving them in best the possible ways. The incidence effects of the indirect tax system under pre-VAT and VAT systems are based on two approaches: a simple approach and a computable general equilibrium approach. Two sets of policy experiments are carried out. First, excise duties of domestic production activities and sales taxes on imports are replaced by a revenue-neutral single rate of value-added tax. In the second experiment, the VAT system is extended to the service sector with a revenue-neutral VAT rate. The results of policy experiments indicate that because of exemptions on subsistence agricultural products, and because of the progressive structure of the tariffs, the overall indirect tax system would remain progressive even after the introduction of a single rate VAT. However, the overall indirect tax incidence appears to be less progressive under the VAT system compared with the pre-VAT system. The effects of tariff liberalisation on resource allocation and income distribution are also examined in this study. It is observed that the results of tariff liberalisation are sensitive to the way the model is specified. It is also observed that in the competitive and constant returns to scale model variant, resources move from the heavily protected sector to the less protected sectors as a result of tariff liberalisation. In contrast, the heavily protected manufacturing sectors turn out to be the main beneficiary of liberalisation when imperfect competition is introduced. Expansion of manufacturing output appears to come from the pro-competitive effects of tariff liberalisation. On the other hand, almost all the manufacturing sectors show much larger output growth with the incorporation of increasing returns to scale. The larger expansion of output of manufacturing sectors is due to a reduction in unrealised scale economies. The income distribution effects of tariff liberalisation are captured through the changes in income levels of the six household groups and changes in factor income and factor returns. The redistribution of income under liberalisation appears to favour the low income household groups. However, it appears that the relative progressivity and regressivity in the distribution of household income depend on the relative changes of capital and labour income. The association between market structure variables and profitability in the manufacturing sector of Bangladesh is also analysed in this study. This exercise provides some evidence on the association between industrial structure and profitability and assesses the importance of foreign and domestic factors on industry profitability. Two alternative measures of concentration namely concentration ratio and Hirschman-Herfindahl index and two foreign competition variables such as import shares and effective tariff rates are used to examine this association. The results of this exercise indicate that profitability is significantly related to concentration levels in the manufacturing sector of Bangladesh. It also reports that foreign competition variables play a significant role in affecting profitability in domestic industries. It is observed that the profitability is higher in those industries where concentration levels are high and import shares are low and effective tariff rates are high.

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Ngan, Ching-ching Dora, and 顔菁菁. "Alleviating poverty of rural landless women: paths taken by Bangladesh and the Philippines." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3195229X.

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Akpan, Iniobong Wilson. "The Grameen Bank model of microcredit and its relevance for South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002714.

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Among the reasons for financial exclusion is the fact that the poor, being largely illiterate and unemployed, are traditionally perceived as ‘bad credit risks’. This is the dominant perception of the poor in the formal credit markets – a perception that also exists in the microcredit sector. In other words, while information asymmetry is a recognized problem in lender-borrower relationships, lenders consider the problem particularly severe when they contemplate doing business with the poor. A contrasting paradigm, such as the one adopted by Grameen Bank of Bangladesh, views the poor as possessing economic potentials that have not been tapped – that is, as ‘good credit risks’. Grameen Bank’s microcredit features appear to have successfully mitigated the problems of information asymmetry and, to a large extent, made it possible for the poor to access microenterprise credit. Using the Grameen Bank model as a benchmark, this study examined the lending features of private sector microlenders in South Africa and those of KhulaStart (credit) scheme. The aim was to identify how the lending features affect microenterprise credit access. Primary data were obtained through interviews, while relevant secondary data were also used in the study. A key finding of the study was that while the Khulastart scheme was, like Grameencredit, targeted at the poor, the method of its delivery appeared diluted or unduly influenced by the conventional (private sector) paradigm that pre-classifies people as ‘good’ or ‘bad’ credit risks. As a result, the scheme was not robust enough to support microenterprise credit access. This has consequences for job-creation and poverty reduction. Based on the findings, the study maintains that a realistic broadening of microenterprise credit access will not occur unless there is a fundamental paradigm shift in microcredit practices, and unless measures designed to mitigate information asymmetries are sensitive to the historical, economic and sociocultural realities of the South African poor.

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Afsar, Rita. "Causes, consequences and challenges of rural-urban migration in Bangladesh." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pha258.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 331-404) Attempts to contribute toward greater understanding of the urbanization process in Bangladesh. Focuses particularly on the rural-urban migration process, explaining the causes of mobility and stability and the consequences flowing from that movement for the wellbeing of migrants and their families.

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Tighe, Eleanor G. "Stakeholder capitalism and workers' rights in the Bangladesh garment industry." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2015. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/377151/.

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This thesis provides an original contribution to understanding of stakeholder capitalism and applications of stakeholder capitalism to labour governance in globalised clothing production networks. Specifically, this thesis draws on primary qualitative and ethnographic field-data collected in Dhaka, Bangladesh to provide new insight to the challenge of poor working conditions and workers’ rights in the global garment industry. The research presented here questions the potential of retail-led stakeholder capitalism to contribute positive development outcomes to the lives of workers employed in cut and stitch garment manufacture. Adopting the Global Production Network’s (GPN) framework, the thesis argues that the ability of stakeholder capitalism to engage and advance the voice of workers in clothing and retail GPNs is influenced by the nature of the relationship and strategic coupling between transnational retailers and their localised factory suppliers. It argues that civil society demands for labour standards have generated a compliance-based response to stakeholder capitalism whereby expectations and acceptance of labour standards are negotiated between retailers and their suppliers. While these negotiations appear discursive, the voices of workers in these negotiations appear largely absent. Thus, it makes an original contribution to understanding relational processes in clothing production systems, moving away from top-down, buyer-driven linear approaches,to conceive power relations in retail production networks as dynamic, subjective and negotiated. This thesis argues that how these power relationships are negotiated and the impacts and interactions of these relations needs to be understood and accounted for if stakeholder capitalism is going to have a serious impact on improving the lives of workers in globalised production systems.

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Alam, Fazlul. "Social relations and migration : a study of post-war migration with particular reference to migration from Bangladesh to Britain." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1995. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/585/.

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The objective of this thesis is to study the phenomenon of postwar migration both theoretically and empirically with a view to establishing relationships between social relations and migration. Migration is studied here within a conceptual framework of mode of production, relations of production, hegemony, and cash nexus. The historical aspects of migration are acknowledged throughout. The thesis then studies the theories of migration that are available and traces their developments. In this process, the thesis discovers ideology in many migration theories and literature. It selects three specific problematics of the postwar migration, named as 'zonal imbalance', 'mother country' migration, heavy representation of people who form lower SEGs. By examining these three closely, the thesis reveals many erroneous conception and notions about the postwar migration. In this process, the thesis rejects 'individualistic' and 'voluntary' actions in postwar migration. For the empirical part, Bangalee migration from Bangladesh to Britain has been chosen for its typicality and other reasons. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods have been used. Two control groups, one in Britain, (migrants) and another in Bangladesh (non-migrants, who had had the opportunity to migrate at some point in time, but did not) have been studied in as much depth as possible. The findings of the experience of the respondents are offered in relation to the historical evidence, particularly the relations of production in Bangladesh, and migration history of Bangladesh. Despite the basis of a small universe used in this research, international and historical persepectives have always been borne in mind. The objective remained the study of the totality of migration. Having taken the views of those who did not migrate (non-migrants) at a time when 'everyone was going', this research can claim to be a unique way of exploring a sociological phenomenon by negative investigation. The concluding part is in two chapters. In the first, the thesis has attempted to develop four new categories of migration to end the debate who can or cannot be called a migrant. It then exposes the myths of migration. Having established that socio-cultural transition migration, which is one of the four categories developed in this chapter, is the major concern of most migration studies, the thesis argues that a subtle process of 'branding' exists in the matters of encouraging migration to a country, whether the country is situated in the 'First World' or in the NICs. In fact, since '90s, the trends in the global population movements have changed so rapidly and radically that all older theories fail to explain the new phenomenon. The thesis argues that in order to understand 'migration', one has to study the changes that have occured in the social relations, emanating from changes in their relations of production. Finally, the thesis asserts that the phenomenon of human migration can possibly be explained within the conceptual framework chosen. It concludes that social relations play a major role in migration and offers a definition towards developing a sociological theory of migration.

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Books on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Centre for Policy Dialogue (Bangladesh), ed. Economy of Bangladesh. New Delhi: Library of Congress Office, 2002.

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Bāṃlādeśa Sāmājika Bijñāna Gabeshaṇā Parishada. and World Summit for Social Development and Beyond: Achieving Social Development for All in a Globalised World (2000 : Geneva, Switzerland), eds. Bangladesh country paper. [Dhaka]: Social Science Research Council, Planning Division, Ministry of Planning, Govt. of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 2000.

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Bangladesh, Japan Economic Forum (1st 1991 Dhaka Bangladesh). Bangladesh Japan Economic Forum, September 02, 1991, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Dhaka]: Bangladesh Japan Society, 1991.

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Islam, Syed Serajul. Bangladesh--state and economic strategy. Dhaka [Bangladesh]: University Press, 1988.

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Morshed, Khan M., and Bangladesh. Tathya Mantraṇālaẏa. Bahiḥ Pracāra Anubibhāga., eds. Bangladesh towards 21st century. [Dhaka]: External Publicity Wing, Ministry of Information, Govt. of the People's Republic of Bangladesh, 1994.

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Kramsjö, Bosse. Bangladesh i förändringens tid. Lund: Celander, 2014.

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Centre, Bangladesh Development Partnership, and Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee., eds. Development organizations in Bangladesh. New Delhi: Library of Congress Office, 1993.

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photographer, Islam Tuhin, ed. Bangladesh, flooded by change. Dhaka, Bangladesh: Agamee Prakashoni, 2016.

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Monan, Jim. Bangladesh: The strength to succeed. 2nd ed. Oxford, UK: Oxfam, 1995.

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(Bangladesh), Economic Reporters' Forum. State of the Bangladesh economy. Dhaka: Economic Reporters' Forum, 2016.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Rahman, MD Mahbubar. "Some Promising Physical, Botanical and Chemical Methods for the Protection of Grain Legumes Against Bruchids in Storage Under Bangladesh Conditions." In Bruchids and Legumes: Economics, Ecology and Coevolution, 63–73. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2005-7_6.

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Huq, Md Enamul, Zhenfeng Shao, Ahmed Abdullah Al Dughairi, Md Nazirul Islam Sarker, Cai Bowen, Abdullah Al Mamun, Nayyer Saleem, Akib Javed, and Md Mahabubur Rahman. "Measuring Vulnerability to Flash Flood of Urban Dwellers." In Natural Disaster Science and Mitigation Engineering: DPRI reports, 317–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2904-4_12.

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AbstractFlash floods are unexpected, localized flood events that occur when an exceptional amount of rain falls happens over a short period of time. In South Asia, it is mostly disastrous, for example, in 2017 flash floods killed approximately 1200 people from India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. However, it is also common in Dhaka megacity, Bangladesh due to its geographic location, monsoon climatic condition and surrounding rivers. Though it is impossible to avoid them, the losses and damages of hazards can be reduced effectively by using appropriate techniques. This study aims to determine the responsible factors and measure the household vulnerability to flash flood as a tool of mitigation. The study has been conducted based on primary data. Therefore, data were collected from both slum and non-slum population to cover the entire urban habitats. Data were collected with a structured questionnaire based on five factors (social, economic, institutional, structural, and environmental) of vulnerability to flash flood. The key feature of this paper is to provide an insight into real picture of vulnerability to flash flood for urban habitants. Moreover, this practical approach is useful to quantify hazard-induced vulnerabilities not only for Dhaka megacity but also for other cities of the globe.

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Munteán, László. "5. Asbestos: The Fallout of Shipbreaking in the Global South." In Edition Kulturwissenschaft, 75–82. Bielefeld, Germany: transcript Verlag, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839466971-008.

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László Munteán focuses in his chapter on the asbestos content of ships slated to be scrapped in the shipbreaking yards of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan. He demonstrates how the operation of the shipbreaking industry is engrained in imperial power dynamics that continue to ravage human lives, the environment, and the economies of the Global South. While major shipyards in the West are now opening up about their illegal use of asbestos after its ban from shipbuilding and are facing lawsuits by affected workers and their families, the lax environmental, safety, and health regulations in countries of the Global South allow for the recycling and reselling of asbestos (alongside other toxic materials) retrieved from discarded ships. Working under lethal labor conditions, millions of migrant workers earn their livelihood and provide for their families from shipbreaking. Drawing on, among others, Ann Stoler's notion of 'duress', Karen Barad's 'intra-action', and Michael Rothberg's 'implicated subject', this chapter follows the toxic trail of asbestos, and probes the web of responsibility for the sustenance of exploitation in the shipbreaking industry.

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Islam, Sumaia, Md Rashedul Alam, and Kazi Jihadur Rashid. "Identification of Potential Rooftops for Gardening and Contributions of RTGs to Improve the Socio-economic Condition and Promote a Sustainable Urban Environment in the Changing Climatic Condition of Bangladesh." In Springer Geography, 511–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24767-5_22.

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Hamiduzzaman, Mohammad, and M. Rezaul Islam. "Health and Human Hazards of COVID-19 Among Poor People in Bangladesh." In Handbook of Research on Asian Perspectives of the Educational Impact of COVID-19, 33–45. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8402-6.ch004.

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COVID-19 seems to have two-dimensional consequences in Bangladesh: it has a direct negative influence on health system, and healthcare access becomes very expensive; and the poor people are facing critical situation due to lockdown and joblessness, resulting in more health and human hazards. This chapter documents the pandemic-related major health and human hazards in Bangladesh by content analysis, using a socioecological lens, of available literature. The overall results showed a significant health burden and a large-scale economic conditional change among the Bangladeshi poor households. A low level of health access and health inequality intensified this health hazard to the poor people. Human hazards are mainly relating to poor economic conditions including loss of jobs, lack of access to income/savings, food insecurity, and lack of welfare support. This observation may benefit the policymakers, development partners, human rights workers, and non-government organizations of the country to make a collaborative effort for the people during and after the pandemic.

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Raihan, Selim, and Sunera Saba Khan. "The Challenges of Structural Transformation, Inequality Dynamics, and Inclusive Growth in Bangladesh." In The Developer's Dilemma, 138–56. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192855299.003.0007.

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Abstract Over the past four decades, Bangladesh’s economy has experienced major structural changes. Agriculture’s share of gross domestic product has decreased, while manufacturing and service sectors have grown in importance. These structural changes have been associated with systemic problems such as lack of diversification, poor working conditions, low competitiveness, and a high level of informality, which have hampered progress towards sustainable economic development. Though manufacturing is now the most important component of Bangladesh’s export composition, this is largely due to the rapid growth of the ready-made garments sector, while other sectors have performed poorly. The manufacturing sector must concentrate on extending and diversifying its base in order to become a long-term, inclusive driver of economic growth and job creation. This chapter examines the main policy-induced and systemic challenges to the Bangladesh economy’s structural transition, with the goal of reducing inequalities and promoting inclusive development.

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Alam, Md Jahangir. "Who Chooses School?" In Advances in Early Childhood and K-12 Education, 85–107. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4435-8.ch005.

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Universally, research shows that early childhood education (ECE) contributes to children's development in the very early years. Governments among developed countries subsidize an ample amount of money for children's early education development to generate and enhance human capital. Consequently, in developing countries like Bangladesh, ECE is driven by the family, where family socio-economic conditions make a significant contribution to children's transition from home to school, and to ensure their children begin school at a very early age. This qualitative case study explores parental socio-economic aspirations and the phenomena of ECE initiatives by the government for child transitions from home to schools in Bangladesh. This empirical research contributes by placing parental aspirations for child schooling and focusing on the information-gathering actions by parents in line with the social conditions that inspire parents to choose schools for their children.

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Parvin, Mayeena, and Md Jahangir Alam. "The Shifting Paradigm of Early Childhood Education and Hurdles of Remote Learning in Bangladesh." In Handbook of Research on Adapting Remote Learning Practices for Early Childhood and Elementary School Classrooms, 598–613. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8405-7.ch034.

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The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted a thinkable paradigm shift in educational settings for children enrolled in Early Childhood Education. The ECE is regarded as the foundation for children's lifetime learning. Bangladesh has challenges aiding children and families. With the swift change in learning approaches from the classroom to remote learning, many children are not learning. Due to parental socioeconomic status, they seldom assist children in remote learning. This chapter demonstrates the present situation of ECE facilities in Bangladesh and remote learning opportunities in light of the pandemic. The case study approach is utilized to examine the phenomena of supply- and demand-side interventions to comprehend the unique paradigm shift occurring in ECE settings in Bangladesh. Most schools, particularly in rural regions, are unwilling to offer remote learning facilities, considering the socio-economic conditions of locality, and many children are not fetching in remote education due to a deficiency of technical equipment.

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Halder, Debarati. "Revenge Porn Against Women and the Applicability of Therapeutic Jurisprudence." In Therapeutic Jurisprudence and Overcoming Violence Against Women, 282–92. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2472-4.ch017.

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It must be noted that the modern legal history of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh may show that all these three countries have framed their penal laws from colonial British Penal laws which was the governing law of the Indian peninsula in pre-independence era (prior to 1947). As such, the present criminal laws of these countries including those dealing with violence against women (including physical and online) may have similar features. This chapter argues that South Asian countries including India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan do not have focused laws on dealing with the issue of revenge porn targeting women. Further, the socio-economic conditions of these countries being quite the similar, it may be noted that women victims of revenge porn may neither prefer to seek police help due to fear of reputation damage. This chapter therefore aims to research as whether the application of Therapeutic Jurisprudence in such cases may benefit the victims.

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Khan, Md Shahadat Hossain, Mahbub Hasan, and K. M. Md Golam Rabbani. "Current Trends and Issues in TVET of Bangladesh." In Technical Education and Vocational Training in Developing Nations, 128–50. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-1811-2.ch007.

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This chapter discussed current trends and issues in TVET of Bangladesh and challenges faced by the TVET programme in Bangladesh. The chapter drew attentions to the fact that due to tremendous development in the socio-economic status and technological changes around the world, consumers' expectations towards the products and services have been changing rapidly thereby resulting into a highly competitive globalized market. In order to compete with these demands, government and private organizations should ensure best quality products and services for their customers. Every nation throughout this global village needs to have updated means, particularly in the area of updated knowledge and skills, to survive in this globalized open market. Many developing countries particularly from Asia and Africa are facing growing pressure to compete with the changing global market. Besides, most of the least developing and underdeveloped countries of the world are located in these geographical regions (Asia and Africa) where most of the poor people with low per capita income are living. In order to improve these conditions, they put emphasis on developing their manpower as per the global requirements. Most of the developing countries, therefore, consider Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) as one of the main key agents to play the vital role for educating and training their huge unemployed population to become competitive human recourses to enter into national and global market.

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Conference papers on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Islam, M. Aminul, Anika L. Islam, Shaika L. Islam, and Shamsun N. Ahmed. "Why some Countries are more Resilient in South Asia to Confront COVID-19 Pandemic and Recovery?" In International Conference on COVID-19 and Public Health Systems. iConferences (Pvt) Ltd, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.32789/covidcon.2021.1002.

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This study explores the regional pattern of association between health risk exposure and resilience outcome in South Asian countries with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. This exercise unveils the elements of resilience that contribute to getting prepared in confronting COVID-19 risk in South Asia, using secondary information and knowledge from the Governments, WHO, UNDP Human Development Index (HDI), European Commission’s COVID-19 Risk Index and the World Bank’s Air Connectivity Index. Methodology and Scope of the paper differ from previous contributions from a holistic policy point of view, since human development, geo-demographic vulnerability, government effectiveness and socio-economic outcome variables are considered in context to the public health condition and epidemic risk at the national level. Based on statistical evidence, South Asian countries fall into three categories (i) high resilient with low pandemic impact (Maldives, Bhutan and Sri Lanka), (ii) Medium resilient having a high impact (India and Bangladesh) and (iii) Low resilient but high impact (Pakistan, Afghanistan and Nepal). Beyond resilience, this study also flags geo-demographic issues such as population density, geographical isolation either being an island or landlocked mountainous countries and air travel connectivity as influencing or barrier factors in the spreading of epidemic disease. This paper serves the purpose of designing risk-informed effective policy responses to constrain negative effects of future pandemics and similar infectious diseases and sensitize countries to get prepared for “build back better” as well.

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Reports on the topic "Bangladesh – Economic conditions"

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Shahan, Asif, Raeesa Rahemi, Syeda Salina Aziz, and Mirza Masood Hassan. Delegating Authority in Bangladesh to Manage the Covid-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/cpan.2023.003.

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Bangladesh, like most countries, grappled with the harsh conditions of Covid-19, with little infrastructure and set up of institutions to deal with the consequences of the pandemic. A country with a large informal economy, and an even larger export manufacturing sector it is highly dependent on, the Bangladesh government had tough decisions to make when it came to saving and protecting the lives of millions, as well as ensuring continued economic activity to save livelihoods. To strike a balance between protecting both these important factors, the central government adopted a unique approach of mobilising and enabling the local government to implement a lot of measures. Their approach was area centric, in that the local government recognised the needs of their districts, and that looked different for different areas of the country, whether rural or urban, agricultural or industrial focused. This policy brief outlines some of the local measures and responses that worked in minimising the impact of Covid-19 on the dense Bangladeshi population.

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Nazneen, Sohela, Raihan Ahamed, Syeda Salina Aziz, Anuradha Joshi, Miguel Loureiro, Niranjan Jathavedan Nampoothiri, Jahid Nur, Nowshin Sharmila, Rabeena Sultana Ananna, and Shahaduz Zaman. Being New Poor in Bangladesh: Coping Strategies, Constraints, and Trajectories. Institute of Development Studies, February 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2024.012.

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Recent studies of the Covid-19 pandemic have found that millions in Bangladesh fell into poverty during this time, and they were unable to recover to their pre-pandemic economic position. This study draws on qualitative panel data collected from 39 new-poor households in Khulna, coping with pandemic-induced shocks and attempting to come out of poverty. How are the new poor attempting to recover: what strategies are they using and what constraints do they face? What are the implications for governance of their efforts? Based on their pre-pandemic economic conditions, we divide these new-poor households into two categories: those that were ‘never poor’ and ‘the vulnerable non-poor’ households. All the new-poor households we engaged with used a variety of strategies to cope and recover which included financial strategies such as borrowing money, livelihood strategies such as having multiple occupations, cost-reduction strategies such as decreasing expenditure on health and education, and social safety strategies such as accessing social protection. The main constraints that these households faced were many. These included their inability to access loans and access finances, limited access to social protection, lack of trust and expectations from the local government to provide services to aid their recovery, and social norms around honour and shame which limited their ability to seek assistance or have female members of the household engage in an income-generating activity. Most ‘never-poor’ households were recovering while most of the vulnerable households were stuck. Governance implications of the experiences of these households include the state playing a bigger role in supporting the new poor, limiting the role intermediaries and informal networks play in how social protection is provided, strengthening practices that build trust in local government, and tackling corruption.

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