Academic literature on the topic 'Bank expenses'

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Journal articles on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Rosyada, Amrina. "ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 2008 – 2009 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEA (DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS)." Media Ekonomi 19, no. 2 (2017): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/me.v19i2.829.

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The purpose of this research is to acknowledge the level of efficiency from Regional Development Bank (Bank Pembangunan Daerah)/BPD) in Indonesia. This research use non - parametric approach which is DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), to measure the efficiency of input and output of the Regional Development Banks. The input variables include are interest expense, administration and public expenses and salary expenses and the output variables are interest net income and other operasional income. The research concluded shows that the performance of the technical efficiency of banks BPD is not all
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Kartiko, Nafis Dwi, Amrie Firmansyah, M. Silahul Mu’min, and Muhammad Syariful Anam. "Does bank risk-taking behavior affect corporate income tax expenses?" Educoretax 5, no. 4 (2025): 509–26. https://doi.org/10.54957/educoretax.v5i4.1469.

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This study examines the effect of bank risk-taking behavior on income tax expense recognized in the financial statements. The study uses a secondary data analysis approach to the annual reports and financial statements of 46 banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange from 2004 to 2022, with 566 observations. The sample selection was done purposively based on certain criteria to ensure data completeness and consistency. The analysis technique used is Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to identify the relationship between risk variables and tax expenses. The results show that high risk-ta
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Dsouza, Suzan, Mustafa Raza Rabbani, Iqbal Thonse Hawaldar, and Ajay Kumar Jain. "Impact of Bank Efficiency on the Profitability of the Banks in India: An Empirical Analysis Using Panel Data Approach." International Journal of Financial Studies 10, no. 4 (2022): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs10040093.

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This study aims to determine the impact of banking efficiency on the profitability of the Indian banking division. The ratios (key variables) used in the study are mentioned by the Reserve Bank of India—RBI (Central bank of India). Through a quantitative approach, pooled panel regression, univariate analysis, correlation, and descriptive statistics models are used by taking annual data of the Indian banking division from 2001 to 2020 available on the Thomson Reuters (Refinitiv) Database. Unbalanced cross-sectional data (panel data) comprising 527 bank-year observations for 33 Indian banks were
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Mirbilolova, Zilola. "ACCOUNTING OF INCOME AND EXPENSES IN COMMERCIAL BANKS." Ilgʻor iqtisodiyot va pedagogik texnologiyalar 2, no. 1 (2025): 139–45. https://doi.org/10.60078/3060-4842-2025-vol2-iss1-pp139-145.

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In this article, we will consider the formation of expenses and income in commercial banks, development of its general indicators taking into account banking activity, accounting and analysis of expenses and income in banks on the example of JSICB "Ipak Yuli" bank.
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Obamuyi, Tomola Marshal. "Determinants of Banks’ Profitability in a Developing Economy: Evidence From Nigeria." Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 4, no. 2 (2013): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2013.4.2.14251.

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The unimpressive banks’ performance in Nigeria over the last decade has remained a source of concern for all and sundry. This study investigates the effects of bank capital, bank size, expense management, interest income and the economic condition on banks’ profitability in Nigeria. The fixed effects regression model was employed on a panel data obtained from the financial statements of 20 banks from 2006 to 2012. The results indicate that improved bank capital and interest income, as well as efficient expenses management and favourable economic condition, contribute to higher banks’ performan
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Valentyn, Khmarskyi, and Roman Pavlov. "Relation between marketing expenses and bank’s financial position: Ukrainian reality." Benchmarking: An International Journal 24, no. 4 (2017): 903–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/bij-02-2016-0026.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine relation between marketing expenses and bank’s financial position. Factor and cluster analyses were applied to unify different financial variables into financial clusters. Each cluster has specific long-term and short-term financial position and is allocated to appropriate rating position of new rating system. Using rating positions, it is possible to determine whether overall bank position is fragile or stable, and which financial position is vulnerable. Comparing marketing expenses with financial positions, it is possible to evaluate how effe
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Setiawan, Yusuf, Mulyadi Mulyadi, and Maniyatin Nupus. "The Effect Of Capital Adequacy Ratio and Loan To Deposit Ratio on Banking Profitability." BINA BANGSA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT 1, no. 1 (2021): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.46306/bbijbm.v1i1.9.

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The objective of this research is to analyses the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Size, Operations Expenses to Operations Income (BOPO), toward Profitability of Domestic Banks and Foreign Banks in January 2003 until December 2007. This research also used Chow Test to analyses the influence of Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR), Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR), Size, Operations Expenses to Operations Income (BOPO), toward Profitability between State Owned Banks and Foreign Banks. This research used time series data from Bank Indonesia’s three-monthly domestic Banks
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Al-Tarawneh, Alaaeddin, Bashar K. Abu Khalaf, and Ghazi Al Assaf. "Noninterest Income and Financial Performance at Jordanian Banks." International Journal of Financial Research 8, no. 1 (2016): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v8n1p166.

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This paper investigated the impact of noninterest income on the performance of 13 banks in Jordan during the period 2000-2015. The impact of size of bank, loans, capital adequacy and general expenses on banks performance found to have a significant impact on banks performance. In more details, general expenses decrease bank performance, while capital adequacy, loans and size increase it. In addition, non-interest income increases equity capital adequacy and this in turn affects the profitability positively.
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Sari, Tuğba, and İhsan Erdem Kayral. "Applying a two-stage TOPSIS approach and stepwise regression in evaluating bank performance: evidence from Turkish banks." Banks and Bank Systems 14, no. 4 (2019): 114–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.14(4).2019.11.

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As a crucial component of the financial sector, banks play an intermediary role in creating and providing financial services to customers. Therefore, the evaluation of banking sector activity is important for stakeholders and managers. This paper investigates the key criteria in analyzing bank performance and efficiency and the relative performance of Turkish banks in terms of the pre-determined criteria during 2008–2018. This study aims to introduce a robust and easy-to-calculate mathematical model for estimating bank performance using stepwise regression and TOPSIS methods. The TOPSIS rankin
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Hogan, Thomas L., and Scott Burns. "Has Dodd–Frank affected bank expenses?" Journal of Regulatory Economics 55, no. 2 (2019): 214–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11149-019-09379-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Лисянська, О. О. "Управління доходами і витратами банку". Thesis, Львівський інститут банківської справи Університету банківської справи Національного банку України, 2007. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62327.

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Гузь, М. М. "Зв'язок між популярністю банку та його витратами на маркетингові комунікації". Thesis, ІнтерГрафіка, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62113.

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У доповіді розглянуто особливості зв'язку між популярністю банку та його витратами на маркетингові комунікації.<br>The main features of the relationships between popularity and expenses on marketing communications of bank are determined in the report.
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Кошевий, М. М. "Управління витратами банку – основа визначення собівартості його продукції". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61436.

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Собівартість продукції банку є одним із ключових показників ефективності його роботи та показником ефективності управління витратами банку. За своїм складом собівартість продукції банку – це витрати банку, які безпосередньо пов’язані з реалізацією банківської продукції. Визначення собівартості банківської продукції може бути організо- ване різними методами залежно від виду діяльності банку, її організації, організаційної структури банку, потреб в управлінні витратами тощо.
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Стоянов, В. М. "Фінансові результати комерційного банку". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2021. http://local.lib/diploma/Stoyanov.pdf.

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Доступ до роботи тільки на території бібліотеки ОНЕУ, для переходу натисніть на посилання нижче<br>У роботі розглядаються теоретичні засади формування фінансових результатів діяльності комерційного банку. Проведено аналіз фінансово-економічної діяльності комерційного банку АТ «ПУМБ». Більш детально проаналізовано фінансові результати цього банку. Проведена оцінка фінансових результатів банку з використанням методики факторного аналізу загальних показників прибутковості банку. Запропоновано шляхи покращення формування фінансових результатів діяльності комерційного банку АТ «ПУМБ».<br>The pape
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Střeštíková, Iveta. "Optimalizace provozních a finančních nákladů v maloobchodním podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-377952.

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The topic of the diploma thesis is cost optimization in the company. The concept of optimization hides the effort to modify costs in order to achieve the best economic result of the company. In order to properly analyze and subsequently design the necessary measures, it is necessary to obtain a theoretical knowledge of the costs. The first part of the thesis contains theoretical knowledge. The second part deals with cost analysis and concrete areas that are most suitable for potential savings. The last part contains suggestions that should lead to savings.
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Гузь, М. М. "Діагностика стану банківської системи України як фактору впливу на маркетингові комунікації банківських операцій". Thesis, Донецький державний університет управління, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/51999.

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У статті проводиться аналіз сучасного стану банківської системи України та визначаються основні тенденції банківських маркетингових комунікацій в умовах, що склалися. Розглядається питання витрат на меркетингові комунікації різних груп банків за останні роки та їх ефективність.<br>The modern state of the Ukrainian bank system is analysed in the article. The basic tendencies of bank marketings communications are determined in terms which was folded. The question of charges on marketings communication of different groups of banks in the last few years and their efficiency is examined.
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Vaculová, Lucie. "Financování pořízení dlouhodobého majetku v podmínkách rizika a nejistoty." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264890.

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Diploma thesis deals with the issue of choosing the right form of financing in the risk and uncertainty conditions - by bank loan or finance leasing. The leasing principle, contemporary condition of the Czech leasing market and the factors influencing the price of the financial leasing are reviewed at first. Then the attention is transfered to bank loans and their diversification. To finish the theorical data I´m featuring the methods of comparing both forms of financing and defining the risks. The aim of diploma thesis is choosing which of two forms of financing is preferable for the enterpri
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Surman, Richard. "Optimalizace provozních a finančních nákladů v maloobchodním podniku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225333.

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Diploma thesis topic is cost optimization in a business company. This title means endeavor to modify costs in order to reach better company managing. Firstly, it is necessary to gain theoretical knowledge about field of costs, then it is possible to analyze costs and design suitable solution for a company. The first chapter contains theoretical findings. Second chapter analyses costs and its task is to lay out that fields, which are problematic or hides huge savings potential. The third chapter contains designed procedures which, as a result, should lead to savings in particular fields.
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Загинайлов, Д. А. "Управління витратами банку". Master's thesis, СумДУ, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81782.

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Встановлені результати кваліфікаційної магістерської роботи можуть бути застосовані в банківських установах з метою визначення витрат, котрі потребують оптимізації та формування єдиного показника стосовно ефективності управління витратами з урахуванням всіх його складових<br>Cost management plays an important role in the economic activity of the bank and is a process of developing and defining management decisions in accordance with all aspects of their formation and use in the bank. The main goal of cost management is to minimize low-efficiency costs, ie those costs that are not accompanied
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Узун, А. В. "Управління фінансовими результатами в банківській системі України". Thesis, Одеський національний економічний університет, 2020. http://dspace.oneu.edu.ua/jspui/handle/123456789/12613.

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У роботі розглядаються теоретичні аспекти управління фінансовими результатами в банківській системі України Проаналізовано сутність та значення фінансових результатів для банківської системи; розглянуті поняття фінансової стійкості банків та її чинники; охарактеризовано науково-практичні аспекти управління фінансовими результатами банку; проаналізовано динаміку активів та пасивів банківської системи України та динаміку доходів та витрат банківської системи. Запропоновано шляхи управління доходами та витратами банківської системи та удосконалення прибутковості банківської діяльності в Україні.
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Books on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Jannott, Paul F. Improving bank profits: How to decrease operating expenses and increase income. 2nd ed. Bankers Pub., Bank Administration Institute, 1988.

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Jannott, Paul F. Improving bank profits: How to decrease operating expenses and increase income. 2nd ed. Bankers Pub., Bank Administration Institute, 1988.

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Belasco, Kent S. Earnings enhancement handbook for financial institutions: Proven techniques for managing float, reducing noninterest expenses, and increasing noninterest income. Bankers Pub. Co., 1991.

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Landreth, Bill. The Bank Secrecy Act: Exemption regulations clarified : eliminate costly expenses of overcompliance with currency transaction report (CTR) filing. Amherst Enterprises, 1988.

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Office, General Accounting. Regulatory agencies: Administrative expenses at the FHLBB and FRB for 1985 and 1986 : report to congressional requestors. The Office, 1988.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year 1860, and for certain other expenses connected with the public service, and also for raising a loan on the credit of the Consolidated Revenue Fund. S. Derbishire & G. Desbarats, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to amend the act respecting the municipal institutions of Upper Canada, by enabling county councils to allow travelling expenses to their members. Thompson, Hunter, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act to amend the "Act respecting the municipal institutions of Upper Canada," by enabling county councils to allow travelling expenses to their members. Thompson, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government for the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-one, and for certain other expenses connected with the public service, and also for raising a loan on the credit of the consolidated revenue fund. S. Derbishire & G. Desbarats, 2003.

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Assembly, Canada Legislature Legislative. Bill: An act for granting to Her Majesty certain sums of money required for defraying certain expenses of the civil government and other purposes, for the year 1863, for making good certain sums expended for the public service in 1862, and for raising a loan on the credit of the consolidated revenue fund. G. Desbarats & M. Cameron, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Alzoubi, Marwan, and Nawaf Salem. "Bank Interest Rate Spread: Operating Expenses and Noninterest Income Beyond Risk." In Digital Economy, Business Analytics, and Big Data Analytics Applications. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05258-3_40.

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Espinasse, Philippe. "Fees and Expenses." In IPO Banks. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137412942_13.

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Kroeze, Ronald, Pol Dalmau, and Frédéric Monier. "Introduction: Corruption, Empire and Colonialism in the Modern Era: Towards a Global Perspective." In Palgrave Studies in Comparative Global History. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0255-9_1.

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AbstractScandal, corruption, exploitation and abuse of power have been linked to the history of modern empire-building. Colonial territories often became promised lands where individuals sought to make quick fortunes, sometimes in collaboration with the local population but more often at the expense of them. On some occasions, these shady dealings resulted in scandals that reached back to the metropolis, questioning civilising discourses in parliaments and the press, and leading to reforms in colonial administrations. This book is a first attempt to discuss the topic of corruption, empire and
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Hendy, Rana. "The State of Marriage in Egypt." In Gulf Studies. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7620-7_5.

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AbstractThis chapter overviews the institutional, legal and religious framework for the institution of marriage in Egypt. It also aims to identify the challenges faced by Egyptian youth to form a family and recommends a list of policies and changes in the laws and regulations to meet the societal evolution and needs. Marriage remains the solely socially accepted form of union between a man and a woman in Egypt. And, Egypt is among the countries that has the highest costs of marriage in the world (namely because of housing). Therefore, Egyptian youth have no alternative but to delay marriage in
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Schoenmaker, Dirk, and Willem Schramade. "Integrated Value Creation." In Springer Texts in Business and Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35009-2_2.

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AbstractChapter 1 gave us a clear starting point: responsible companies create integrated value based on financial value (FV), social value (SV), and environmental value (EV). But what does that mean and imply? This chapter outlines what value creation is, and how the various types of value creation can be prioritised. For the alignment of all types of value, the prospect of internalisation is crucial. Internalisation means that the burdens of (social and environmental) externalities are increasingly shifted back from society to the companies and consumers who cause them. If companies’ FV depe
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Tunay, Necla, Serhat Yüksel, and K. Batu Tunay. "The Effects of Technology on Bank Performance in Advanced and Emerging Economies." In Advances in Business Strategy and Competitive Advantage. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7180-3.ch015.

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Electronic banking is a very popular aspect almost all over the world especially in the last few years. Banks make investment in this area in order to attract the attention of the customers. Therefore, it can be possible to survive in such a competitive environment. In the literature, it is also discussed that making investment into the technological aspects has an important contribution to the financial performance of the banks since it increases efficiency in banking operation. Similarly, in this chapter, the effects of electronic banking technologies on bank profitability and costs are inve
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Plassmann, Clemens. "Security for costs of a party." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0338.

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At any time during proceedings, following a reasoned request by one party, the Court may order the other party to provide, within a specified time period, adequate security for the legal costs and other expenses incurred and/or to be incurred by the requesting party, which the other party may be liable to bear. Where the Court decides to order such security, it shall decide whether it is appropriate to order the security by deposit or bank guarantee.
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Ahrens, Hans-Jürgen. "Order on the Application for preserving evidence." In Unified Patent Protection in Europe: A Commentary. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755463.003.0366.

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The Court may order the applicant to provide adequate security for the legal costs and other expenses and compensation for any injury incurred or likely to be incurred by the defendant which the applicant may be liable to bear. The Court shall do so where the order to preserve evidence was made without the defendant having been heard, unless there are special circumstances not to do so. The Court shall decide whether it is appropriate to order the security by deposit or bank guarantee.
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Dhabliya, Dharmesh, Ankur Gupta, Sukhvinder Singh Dari, et al. "Comparing the Expenses and Revenue Efficiencies of Indian Banks in the Public Sector During the Post-Reform Era." In Advances in Finance, Accounting, and Economics. IGI Global, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-0835-6.ch008.

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The chapter examines and contrasts the cost and profit efficiency of India's public system banks (PSBs) after the reforms to the banking system in 1991. Between 1995 and 2017, or from the beginning of the post-liberalization period until the significant State Bank of India merger in 2017, the data was gathered and reviewed. The average profit efficiency (PE) and cost efficiency (CE) ratings were looked at annually for every PSB in India. The distribution and median of efficiency scores in two subperiods were also assessed using non-parametric Friedman's two-way Annova and Wilcoxon signed rank
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Fleck, Leonard M. "Financing Health Care Fairly." In Just Caring. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128048.003.0014.

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Abstract One of the saddest pictures I have ever seen in my life is that of a 100-year-old man, William Hart, in a wheelchair in San Diego who was caught robbing a bank of that he needed to pay for his heart medications (Associated Press, ). This is not someone without health insurance; he was covered by Medicare. But Medicare covers only about half the health expenses of the average elderly person in the U.S., which is why about of the elderly have and need MediGap coverage (the other need the coverage but cannot afford it).
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Conference papers on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Bruno, Fredrik. "Thermochemical Aspects on Chloride Corrosion in Kraft Recovery Boilers." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01426.

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Abstract A desire to avoid corrosion of the superheater section limits the upper steam temperature in black liquor recovery boilers. It has thus been difficult to increase the steam temperature of the black liquor boiler above the range 460-480°C and still reasonably avoid corrosion of the superheater. However, it is desirable to increase both the pressure and the temperature of the steam if one wants to increase the proportion of steam used for electricity production at the expense of low pressure steam. Boilers firing other fuels, like coal or biofuel or bark, may reach higher steam temperat
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Boyd, Susan. "Organizing and Deploying Volunteers to Preserve Historic Army Tanks for a Military Museum." In SSPC 2018. SSPC, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2018-00010.

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In the summer of 2014 Vulcan Painters spearheaded a project to do surface preparation and recoat seven historic military tanks, asking for help from the industrial painting community, from contractors and suppliers. The aim of the project was to finish the work without expense to the foundation that sought to build a new museum to house 200 years of U.S. Army armor and cavalry history. This talk details the project from its beginning without even a space to paint, specifications for the tanks to be painted, or the tanks themselves selected, and moves through outreach to the industry through va
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Ivanov, Ionela. "Accounting and tax aspects for managing PayPal transactions in the IT sector." In International student scientific conference "Challenges of accounting for young researchers", 8th Edition. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. https://doi.org/10.53486/issc2024.83.

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As PayPal has become an increasingly popular platform for online transactions, understanding the accounting and tax aspects of managing PayPal transactions has become crucial for businesses and individuals alike. When it comes to accounting for PayPal transactions, it is important to treat PayPal as a separate bank account. Businesses should record PayPal transactions separately from their main bank account, ensuring accurate tracking and reconciliation of income and expenses. Income derived from PayPal should be reported as part of the business's overall revenue in the appropriate tax filings
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Warsiyanto, Faizal Ardi, Ronald Arisetiawan, Akbar Kurniawan, and Aries Agung Setyawan. "Project Financing of W Asset with Reserve Based Lending (RBL) Method." In SPE/IATMI Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/215420-ms.

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Abstract The global pandemic of the coronavirus outbreak in 2020 caused the world economy to shake and world energy demand to weaken, impacting oil prices to fall dramatically. In this situation, oil and gas companies need to adapt by streamlining costs. PT Mega Energi Tbk (PTME) is an upstream holding public company with several subsidiaries that manage oil and gas block assets in Indonesia. In 2018, PTME acquired oil-producing assets "W" and established the ME-W company. At that time, the oil price was 80 $ a barrel for purchase, but the oil price crisis in 2020 changed the plan. It was abou
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Ikhsan, Arfan, Muamar Khadafi, Muhammad Noch, Aristia Paramitha, and Wahyudin Albra. "The Effect of Capital Adequacy Ratio, Financing to Deposit Ratio, Non Performing Financing, Operating Expenses, Operating Income and Good Corporate Governance towards the Profitability of Islamic Banking Listed in Bank of Indonesia." In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Finance Economics and Business, ICOFEB 2018, 12-13 November 2018, Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Indonesia. EAI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.12-11-2018.2288834.

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Morina, Gazmend, and Gani Kastrati. "ENVIRONMENTAL EXPENDITURE OF ENTERPRISES, IN MINING SECTOR IN KOSOVO." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/5.1/s21.072.

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Environmental expenditures include all environmental protection expenditures to prevent, reduce and control environmental aspects, impacts and hazards, in addition to the costs of disposal, treatment, hygiene and cleaning. Environmental protection expenditures are defined as investments of enterprises allocated to reduce direct environmental pollution. In this scientific paper we will address the topic of environmental costs of enterprises in the mining sector in Kosovo. All enterprises of the mining industry in Kosovo are obliged by legislation to allocate or plan a budget for environmental e
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Hryshchenko, Bogdan, Mykhailo Polianskyi, Anatoliy Nosovskyy, and Oleksandr Sevbo. "The Use of Risk-Informed Inspection Approaches of Ukraine." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16242.

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Currently in Ukraine inspection activity is based on deterministic conservative principles, operation experience and expert appraisal of the inspector. Possibility and benefits of PSA are used with low efficiency. Results of the study conducted by IFC (International Financial Corporation) indicate the absence of a risk-informed approach in the practice of inspections in Ukraine. Also, according to the World Bank appraisal of the investment climate in Ukraine it should be concluded that until regulatory authorities begin implementation of a risk-informed approach in planning inspections in Ukra
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Kalnina, Mairita, and Peteris Rivza. "Analysis of inappropriately performed expenses of the revitalization projects of degraded areas." In Research for Rural Development 2023 : annual 29th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.29.2023.029.

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One of the most pressing problems of sustainable spatial development in Latvia is the existence of degraded areas. To address the issues of revitalization of degraded territories and to ensure sustainable development of the territory, Latvian municipalities could apply for support under the Specific Support Objective 5.6.2 (SSO 5.6.2) ‘Revitalization of territories through regeneration of degraded territories in accordance with integrated development program of municipalities’ during the European Union (EU) Structural Funds programming period 2014–2020. According to the Ministry of Finance (MF
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MAJ, Stanislaw Paul. "Benchmarking educational quality – an independent analysis and alternative approach." In ASCILITE 2021: Back to the Future – ASCILITE ‘21. University of New England, Armidale, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14742/ascilite2021.0144.

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In a ten-year study over thirty STEM units in seven nationally accredited institutions (two colleges, five universities, including a five-star teaching university) in two different countries were analyzed to evaluate their educational quality using a range of criteria and benchmarked against the finalists of the 2010 IEEE global award for academics. Unit content and teaching were found to be almost exclusively based on Constructivist based principles. However, Constructivism provides subjective guidelines open to different interpretations. The analyzed units demonstrated considerable variation
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Koti, Sorina. "Local Government Debt and Fiscal Autonomy." In 10th International Scientific Conference ERAZ - Knowledge Based Sustainable Development. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31410/eraz.2024.43.

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The purpose of the study is to analyse and discuss the local government debt and fiscal autonomy. It is very important to understand the composition of the municipal budget, its own income and government transfers. The study will analyse the revenues and expenses of municipalities (operational and capital) as well as the ways of financing investments. Literature and statistical data show the financial inability of the local government to cover expenses and to invest in public works. Some municipalities have received loans from Second Level Banks for capital investments. Furthermore, the study
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Reports on the topic "Bank expenses"

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Soares, Tatiana Fontes, Alexis Smith-Juvelis, Cheryl Gray, and Alejandro Soriano. IDB-9: Financial and Risk Management. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010520.

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This paper analyzes whether the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB, or Bank) has fully and effectively implemented the IDB-9 requirements related to risk and financial management. IDB-9 included four requirements in this area: (i) adopt a rule-based Income Management Model (IMM); (ii) implement the recently introduced risk-based Capital Adequacy Policy; (iii) execute a set of agreed actions to enhance the short-term sustainability of the Fund for Special Operations (FSO); and (iv) continue strengthening the Banks Risk Management Framework. The Bank has fully implemented the IDB-9 financial a
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Vera-Cossio, Diego A., Bridget Hoffmann, Camilo Pecha, et al. Re-thinking Social Protection: From Poverty Alleviation to Building Resilience in Middle-Income Households. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004969.

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We exploit an expansion in social protection to middle-income households to provide evidence on how middle-income households cope with economic shocks and how to build their resilience. We use a regression discontinuity design around the eligibility cutoff for a program that delivered monthly cash transfers mainly through bank accounts in Colombia. We find no impacts on food security, education, and health outcomes--the target outcomes of antipoverty programs. In contrast, program eligibility increases non-food consumption and reduces debt for routine expenses. Bank account ownership increases
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Ferrer, Alejandro, and Ana Molina. The interaction of liquidity risk and bank solvency via asset monetisation mechanisms. Banco de España, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53479/39785.

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In a liquidity stress scenario, banks may need to urgently monetise assets to meet deposit outflows. This can be done by either selling the assets or using them as collateral in financing operations. In a context of crisis, executing these financing transactions with private counterparties may be constrained, making the transactions with the central bank particularly relevant. The sale of assets classified at amortised cost will result in the materialisation of any accumulated unrealised losses, adversely affecting the banks’ profitability. Alternatively, central bank financing prevents the ma
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Gutiérrez, Catalina, and Úrsula Giedion. How Many Healthy Life years could Countries in Latin America and the Caribbean Gain with a Better Allocation of Pharmaceutical Spending?: Case Studies for Chile, Colombia, and the Dominican Republic. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. https://doi.org/10.18235/0005161.

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Health spending is increasing globally due to demographic and epidemiological changes, rising demand for services driven by higher incomes, aging populations, and the emergence of expensive new health technologies. In Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), health expenditure has risen from 6.6% to 7.9% of GDP over the past two decades. By 2030, it is expected to increase by another 2 percentage points. This projection excludes additional investments required to strengthen health systems post-pandemic. Given fiscal constraints caused by the pandemics economic impact, rising debt, and macroecono
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Bonilla-González, Ricardo, Olga Lucía Acosta-Navarro, Roberto Steiner-Sampedro, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia, March 2024. Banco de la República, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.03-2024.

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In 2023, the Colombian economy made progress in the macroeconomic adjustment required to achieve growth compatible with its productive capacity and external and price stability. This adjustment was reflected in the beginning of the convergence of inflation towards the target, which closed the year at 9.3%. This adjustment is an important step forward in the Board of Directors’ (BDBR) intention to drive inflation toward its target by mid-2025. Net foreign reserves increased and at the end of 2023 reached USD 59,608.3 million, and Banco de la República’s (the Central Bank of Colombia, Banrep) pr
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Amuedo-Dorantes, Catalina, Tania Sainz, and Susan Pozo. Remittances and Healthcare Expenditure Patterns of Populations in Origin Communities: Evidence from Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011089.

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Workers's remittances to Mexico represent one of Mexico's most important sources of foreign income, only second to petroleum sales. This paper attempts to measure the elasticity or responsiveness of healthcare use to remittances. Do remittances increase healthcare use by a large or a small percent? Is the responsiveness of healthcare use to remittances dependent on the type of healthcare being sought-whether it is for financing routine healthcare purchases, or hospitalization? This study may help inform Mexican policy-makers on the role of the repatriated incomes from Mexican migrants in the U
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Puerta, Juan Manuel, Germán Ferreyra, Alejandro Pablo Taddia, and Francesca Castellani. Development Lending for a New Reality: The Evolution of Financing Instruments across Multilateral Development Banks. Inter-American Development Bank, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004762.

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Multilateral development banks (MDBs) realize their objective of promoting sustainable development through a combination of financing (lending, guarantees) and non-financing instruments (technical assistance). This technical note reviews the historical evolution and existing offering of financing instruments across MDBs. Financing instruments can be roughly grouped into seven categories: traditional investment lending, programmatic approaches, policy-based lending, emergency lending, disaster risk management instruments, results-based lending, and guarantees. Financing instruments across all M
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Ter-Minassian, Teresa. More than Revenue: Main Challenges for Taxation in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008421.

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This paper aims to provide an overview of the current state of taxation in the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region, and its main reform needs and options. It previews the findings of recent studies prepared or commissioned by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) for its forthcoming flagship publication More than Revenue: Taxation as a Development Tool in the -Development in the Americas- series. Reflecting fiscal consolidation imperatives, the main objective of fiscal policies in the region in recent decades has been revenue mobilization, often at the expense of efficiency and equity
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Guevara-Castañeda, Diego Alejandro, Leonardo Villar-Gómez, Olga Lucía Acosta-Navarro, et al. Report of the Board of Directors to the Congress of Colombia, February 2025. Banco de la República, 2025. https://doi.org/10.32468/inf-jun-dir-con-rep-eng.01-2025.

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In 2024, the macroeconomic adjustment process continued, characterized by a sustained reduction in inflation that began in 2023 and a decline in the current account deficit of the balance of payments. This adjustment took place in the context of a contractionary monetary policy, with a gradual reduction in the monetary policy interest rate. GDP grew by 1.7%, driven by investment and consumption, while employment increased by 2.2%. Foreign reserves remained at adequate levels, and Banco de la República recorded a profit of COP 10,041 billion, benefiting from the returns on foreign reserves. Mac
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Vélez-Velásquez, Juan Sebastián. Banning Price Discrimination under Imperfect Competition: Evidence from Colombia's Broadband. Banco de la República de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/be.1148.

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Economic theory is inconclusive regarding the effects of banning third-degree price discrimination under imperfect competition because they depend on how the competing firms rank their market segments. When, relative to uniform pricing, all competitors want higher prices in the same market segments, a ban on price discrimination will reduce profits and benefit some consumers at the expense of others. If, instead, some firms want to charge higher prices in segments where their competitors want to charge lower prices, price discrimination increases competition driving all prices down. In this ca
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