Academic literature on the topic 'Bank fraud'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Manyo, Takon Samuel, Mboto Helen Walter, Obo Ekpenyong Bassey, et al. "Effect of Fraud on Commercial Banks’ Performance in Nigeria." Frontiers in Management Science 2, no. 2 (2023): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.56397/fms.2023.04.08.
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The study examined the effect of fraud on bank performance in Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: investigate the relationship between the number of frauds and bank performance in Nigeria, assess the relationship between the amounts lost to frauds and bank performance in Nigeria and to examine the relationship between the numbers of staff involved in fraud loses and bank performance in Nigeria. The study utilizes secondary sources of data extracted from the Nigerian Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) Annual Report and CBN Statistical Bulletin from 1994 to 2020. Statistical methods such as descriptive analysis, Pearson correlation and OLS regression techniques were employed in the evaluation of the data. The result of the hypotheses revealed number of fraud cases as well as the total amount lost to fraud had a positive and significant impact on bank performance while the total number of staff involved in fraud was found to be negative and significant on deposit money banks performance in Nigeria. The study recommended that CBN and NDIC should encourage DMBs to always report cases of fraud, this can be done through creation of a fraud “hotline” where the public can call to complain or report fraud cases with appropriate rewards that will incite more compliance. Management of banks should train and retrain staff of Nigerian banks in fraud prevention and control. Such training should include a comprehensive review of legal and regulatory guidelines that will limit fraud activities.
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H. Tega, Willliams, and Adeyanju O. David. "The Impact of Fraud on Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks: Evidence from Nigeria." Sumerianz Journal of Business Management and Marketing, no. 41 (January 29, 2021): 12–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.47752/sjbmm.41.12.16.
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This study demonstrated new evidence sustaining the idea that the issue of fraud has a long history and that fraud in deposit money banks affect performance when fraud are proxied with data extracted from inappropriate auditing process, peer group pressure, computer fraud and management looting using the Generalized Least Square Method (GLS) and the z-statistics as method of data analysis. The data used in the study were adjusted with the Jarque-Bera test of normality to remove any form of spurious result as variable normality is a standardized requirement for any linear model while the cronbach apha value was used to test the validity, consistency and reliability of the data. The main aim of the study is to investigate if variables like computer fraud, managers looting; inappropriate auditing, peer group pressure affect bank performance. To achieve this objective, research questions and hypotheses were formulated and variables were proxied for fraud and deposit banks performance as distilled from related literatures. The GLS result was used to test the formulated hypotheses with a standard z-value of 1.96. The GLS regression results revealed that there are negative relationships between bank frauds and performance while the z-test shows that bank frauds affect deposit money bank performance in Nigeria. The study therefore recommends that an efficient and modern financial technological structure such as Computer Aided Auditing Tools & Techniques (CAATTs) would combat fraud in deposit money banks in Nigeria.
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Godana, Hillary, Samson Wokabi Mwangi, and Panuel Mwaeke. "Security Managers’ Perspectives on Challenges Facing Commercial Banks in Preventing Frauds in Nairobi City County, Kenya." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 12 (2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.912.13539.
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This paper uses data collected for an MA Thesis on Security Managers’ perspectives on challenges facing Commercial Banks in Preventing Frauds in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was motivated by continued rise of frauds in commercial banks in the county, despite the extensive mitigation measures put in place to deter frauds. The study established the nature of frauds prevalent in Kenya commercial banks in Nairobi County, assessed the determinants of fraud in Kenya commercial banks, determined Bank Security Managers Capacity in fraud prevention, and finally examined Security Managers perceptions on the relationship between the existing preventive measures and emerging Bank fraud trends in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study was grounded by the Fraud Triangle concept and adopted a case study qualitative design. The main method of data collection was the interview. The study comprises of 50 respondents: 39 main respondents and 11 Key Informants. The census sampling Method was used to select respondents for the study. Data was transcribed and the transcriptions coded using NVIVO software. The study established three major types of frauds; Management frauds, Non-Management Frauds and Third Party Frauds, all said to be on an increase trend. According to this study fraud rates are higher at Nairobi County (90%), than at other counties (70%). Mobile and Internet banking frauds were found to be the new threats challenging commercial banks because by their very nature because of technological sophistication, were committed from geographical location including outside the country. The study established two major determinants of frauds; Fraudsters Perspectives and institutional related factors. Major fraudster’s perspectives include; condition under which people can rationalize their prospective crimes, opportunities to commit crimes, perceived suitability of targets for fraud, technical ability of the fraudster, the possibility and likelihood of the fraud being discovered and the nature of consequences. Institutional factors that influence fraud prevalence include; weak accounting and control systems, and ineffective internal audits. According to the study, technological sophistication has outsmarted many security managers in the banking sector, because of their technological skills gaps in Fraud forensics. Finally, the study established the relationship between existing preventive measures and emerging Bank fraud trends in Nairobi County. Major policy recommendations suggested to cut frauds at the nib include; benchmarking for best internationally recognized standards such as carrying out expected and unexpected audits, enforced internal controls, regular training of security managers, and review of commercial banks organogram that will place security managers at a position to police frauds perpetrated by management.
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Sabila, Salma, and Puspita Puspita. "ANALISIS PENGARUH SHARI COMPLIANCE DAN ISLAMIC CORPORATE GOVERNANCE TERHADAP JUMLAH FRAUD BANK UMUM SYARIAH PERIODE 2015—2019." Paradigma 19, no. 1 (2022): 9–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.33558/paradigma.v19i1.3266.
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Fraud is a deviant act carried out by individuals for their own benefit but harming others. Fraud cases are still found to occur in Islamic commercial banks that run their operations based on Islamic principles. So this study aims to examine the effect of sharia compliance and Islamic corporate governance on the number of frauds in Islamic commercial banks. The independent variables used are Profit sharing ratio, Islamic income ratio, Directors-employees welfare ratio, and Islamic corporate governance. While the dependent variable used is sharia bank fraud. The research population is all Islamic commercial banks registered with the Financial Services Authority for the period 2015-2019, with a purposive sampling technique the sample used is 10 Islamic commercial banks with a study period of 5 years. The analytical method used in this research is panel data regression which is processed using Eviews 9 software. The results show that simultaneously sharia compliance and Islamic corporate governance have a significant effect on sharia commercial bank fraud. Partially, the Directors-employees welfare ratio and Islamic corporate governance have a significant positive effect on Islamic commercial bank fraud, while Profit sharing ratio and Islamic income ratio have no effect on Islamic commercial bank fraud. The results of this research have implications for practitioners and regulators in determining policies to minimize fraud.
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Nyoman Ayu Suryandari, Ni, I. Ketut Yadnyana, Dodik Ariyanto, and Ni Made Adi Erawati. "Determinant of fraudulent behavior in the Indonesian rural bank sector using the fraud hexagon perspective." Banks and Bank Systems 18, no. 4 (2023): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.18(4).2023.16.
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Asia Pacific is the region with the highest number of losses in the world. While Indonesia ranks fourth in the number of frauds, it has the highest increase in frauds based on the CPI index. This study aims to examine employee fraud triggered by the six components of the fraud hexagon. This study tries to develop the hexagon fraud element by adding power distance elements and using ethical values as a moderating variable. This study conducted a survey of 351 respondents. Using a purposive sampling method, the heads of funds, heads of credit, heads of treasurers and heads of accountants were selected as respondents in 128 rural banks in Bali. PLS displays an adjusted R2 value of 0.331. Not all elements of the fraud hexagon are proven to influence fraud. Only pressure, opportunity, rationalization, and ego affect employees in committing fraud. Meanwhile, power distance as an additional element of the fraud hexagon can increase fraud. Ethical values can become an anti-fraud strategy in reducing employee pressure and ego in committing fraud. The results of this study will provide input for rural bank managers to anticipate factors that increase employee fraud and increase the role of ethical values in suppressing employees’ desire to commit fraud.
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JACOB OBAFEMI FATOKI. "The influence of cyber security on financial fraud in the Nigerian banking industry." International Journal of Science and Research Archive 9, no. 2 (2023): 503–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/ijsra.2023.9.2.0609.
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The study looked at Financial Institution in Nigeria for how cyber security affects financial fraud in Nigerian banks. The study focused on the following topics: the types of electronic frauds committed in the banking industry, the reasons why cyber fraud occurs in banks, the difficulties in preventing cyber fraud in banks, the impact of cyber fraud on Nigerian banks, and potential solutions for preventing cyber fraud in banks. The two hypotheses that the study is based on. Six Nigeria Banks made up the study's population, which used a survey research design. 557 bank employees were sampled using multistage sampling techniques. The bank staff's responses were gathered using a structured questionnaire, which was then, analyzed using the SPSS statistical package for social science version 27. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the objectives, and multiple regression and Kendal Tau B were used to test the hypotheses. The study's findings indicated that computer viruses, hacking/cracking, phishing, pharming, and accounting fraud by bank employees were the main types of cyber fraud in the banking system. The causes of cybercrime in banks included a lack of line manager or senior manager oversight on deviations from existing electronic processes or controls, current business pressure to meet set targets, collusion between employees and outside parties, insufficient data encryption, the use of third-party services, and parodying. Similarly, the study's findings showed that the challenges impeding the effort to stop cyber fraud in Nigeria's banking system included a lack of standards and national central control, a lack of infrastructure, the internet's vulnerability, a lack of national functional databases, and inadequate awareness by bank customers. A security audit, antivirus and antimalware software, the use of multi-factor authentication, the use of biometrics, and automatic logout were found to be solutions to cybercrime in banks. The findings also showed that financial loss, decreased productivity, and vulnerability of banks' Information and Communication Technology (ICT) systems and networks were effects of cybercrime on banks in Nigeria. According to the study's findings, banks' cyberspace security cannot be overextended in Nigeria, so necessary precautions should be taken to reduce cybercrime in Nigeria Banks. The study recommended that Nigeria Banks implement stringent measures to monitor staff activities, particularly in the confidentiality of customer information, cyber security audit be performed by financial institution regularly, sensitization of bank customers, and Multi-factor authentication, biometrics and automatic log out, and strong firewall should be adopted by Nigeria Financial Institutions.
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Sharma, Dhanraj, and Ruchita Verma. "Reaction of Stock Price to Frauds’ Announcements: Evidence from Indian Banking Sector." Asia-Pacific Journal of Management Research and Innovation 16, no. 2 (2020): 157–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2319510x20930879.
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This paper is an attempt to investigate the reaction of stock price of Indian banks with respect to announcements of frauds. The Event Study Methodology is used to examine the impact of frauds’ announcements to stock price of banks which experienced fraud. The fraud cases which exceed ₹1,000 crores are considered for the period from January 2014 to December 2018. The results indicate that the fraud announcements do affect the stock price of banks which experienced fraud. In majority of cases of frauds under consideration, the study found significant abnormal loss which further supported by the results of abnormal volume ratio. The highest abnormal loss is found in the stock price of Punjab National Bank (8.74 per cent) which involves the scam committed by the Nirav Modi. Due to increased frauds in the banking sector, the confidence of the investors adversely affects which may further lead to consequences on concerned banks. In this direction, the results of the study have importance for the policy makers and regulators for analysing the behaviour of stock price with respect to the announcements of frauds in the Indian banking sector.
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Bhasin, Madan Lal. "MENACE OF FRAUDS IN THE INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRY: An Empirical Study." Australian Journal of Business and Management Research 04, no. 12 (2015): 21–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52283/nswrca.ajbmr.20150412a02.
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Banks are the engines that drive the operations in the financial sector and growth of an economy. With the growing banking industry in India, frauds in Banks are also increasing and fraudsters are becoming more sophisticated and ingenious. While it is not possible for Banks to operate in a zero fraud environment, proactive steps such as conducting risk assessments of procedures and policies can help them hedge their risk of contingent losses due to fraud. Thus, time has come when the security aspects of the Banks have to be dealt with on a priority basis. As part of the study, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2012-13 among 345 Bank employees “to know their perception towards bank frauds and evaluate the factors that influence the degree of their compliance level.” This study reveals that “there are poor employment practices and lack of effective employee training; usually over-burdened staff, weak internal control systems, and low compliance levels on the part of Bank Managers, Offices and Clerks. However, technology can play a major part in combating new-age frauds: proactive forensic data analysis and data mining techniques can help governments, regulatory bodies and Banks to counter the increasingly complex nature of frauds.
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Truntsevskiy, Yuriy V. "MODERN CHALLENGES OF BANK FRAUD TO THE FINANCIAL SUPPORT OF E-COMMERCE." Banking law 6 (December 10, 2020): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3945-2020-6-28-36.
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The article presents the results of scientific development in Russia of the problem of counteracting bank fraud, identifies modern trends in the development of bank fraud, as well as possible corporate measures to prevent this type of financial crime in banks. The coronavirus crisis increases the risk of bank fraud, including in the field of e-commerce. Bank fraud is considered as crimes of “white collar” — employees (consultants) of the bank, using their professional opportunities to perform (service) banking operations and other transactions, contrary to corporate culture and values.
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Ardiansyah, Risdy, Etty Mulyati, and Nun Harrieti. "TINDAKAN FRAUD DALAM HAL REKAYASA PELUNASAN KREDIT OLEH PEGAWAI BANK DALAM TRANSAKSI PERBANKAN DIKAITKAN DENGAN PRINSIP KEHATI-HATIAN." Jurnal Poros Hukum Padjadjaran 3, no. 1 (2021): 50–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/jphp.v3i1.569.
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ABSTRAKMaraknya tindakan tindakan fraud baik yang dilakukan oleh pihak internal bank maupun yang dilakukan oleh pihak luar bank. Bank memiliki peranan yang sangat penting dalam pencegahan tindakan fraud, salah satunya melalui kebijakan prinsip kehati-hatian. Hal tersebut menarik untuk dikaji mengenai analisis tindakan fraud dan tanggung jawab bank atas kerugian nasabah dalam hal rekayasa pelunasan kredit oleh pegawai bank dikaitkan dengan prinsip kehati-hatian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan ini bersifat analisis deskriptif guna gambaran secara menyeluruh, sistematis dan mendalam tentang suatu keadaan atau gejala yang diteliti dikaitkan dengan peraturan perundang-undangan dan teori-teori hukum. Pendekatan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah yuridis normatif, dengan cara meneliti bahan pustaka yang disebut data sekunder yang terdiri dari bahan hukum primer, literatur-literatur, artikel-artikel, pendapat dan ajaran para ahli serta implementasinya dalam praktek. Tindakan fraud dalam hal rekayasa pelunasan kredit oleh pegawai bank dikaitkan dengan prinsip kehati-hatian yaitu bank wajib untuk selalu memelihara tingkat kesehatannya, dengan menerapkan prinsip kehati-hatian menurut Pasal 2, 8, dan 29 UU Perbankan. Serta Bank wajib menyusun dan menerapkan strategi anti Fraud secara efektif. Pertanggungjawabannya dapat dilihat pada Pasal 49 UU Perbankan, Pasal 8 POJK 39/POJK.03/2019 dan khususnya untuk lembaga keuangan mikro Pasal 37 UU LKM.Kata kunci: fraud; kredit; prinsip kehati-hatian; perbankan.
 ABSTRACTThe rise of the action acts of fraud both were done by the bank's internal as well as that carried out by parties outside the bank. Bank has a role which is very important in the prevention of acts of fraud, one of them through policy prudential principles. It is interesting to study the analysis of fraud and the bank's responsibility for customer losses in the case of manipulation credit repayment by bank employees is linked to the prudential principles. The research methods used in this writing are analytically descriptive to obtain an overview in-depth about a situation or symptoms are observed associated with regulatory laws and legal theories. The approach used in this study is normative juridical, by examining library materials called secondary data consisting of primary legal materials, literature, articles, opinions, and teachings of experts and their implementation in practice. The act of fraud in terms of manipulation credit repayment by bank employees is linked to the prudential principles, namely that banks are required to always maintain their level of health, by applying the prudential principles according to Articles 2, 8 and 29 of the Banking Law. Also, Banks are required to formulate and implement an effective anti- fraud strategy. Accountability can be viewed on Article 49 of the Banking Law, Article 8 POJK 39/POJK.03/2019 and in particular to institutions finance micro Article 37 of the institutions finance micro Law.Keywords: fraud; credit; prudential principles; banking.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Kayembe, Grace Longwa. "The Fraud Exception in Bank Guarantee." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4645.
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Wong, Yuk-see, and 黃玉司. "White collar crime: major bank fraud cases inHong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976426.
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Metzler, Guillaume. "Learning from imbalanced data : an application to bank fraud detection." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSES033.
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La détection de fraudes et d'anomalies, ou plus généralement l’apprentissage dans un contexte déséquilibré, est une tâche très souvent rencontrée dans de nombreuses applications industrielles.Détecter ces anomalies revêt un enjeu majeur dans notre société actuelle de par ses conséquences économiques.La société BLITZ Business Services est confrontée à ce type de problématique dans le cadre de la lutte contre la fraude par chèques. Ces fraudes représentent 0.4% des transactions pour ses clients mais des millions d'euros de pertes par an.Les données de fraudes sont difficiles pour la plupart des algorithmes actuels de par cette sous-représentativité des fraudes par rapport aux non-fraudes. Les techniques d'analyse sont aussi diverses et variées que la nature des fraudes rencontrées et vont de la stratégie de ré-échantillonnage, de l’apprentissage de représentation, l’optimisation de mesures appropriées à un contexte déséquilibré ou encore la construction d’algorithmes de classification combinant plusieurs autres algorithmes.Cette thèse se veut éclectique, à l’image des techniques présentes dans l'état de l'art, et se divise en deux grands axes : (i) une approche dite géométrique dans laquelle nous proposons des algorithmes d'apprentissage de métrique pour la classification de données et (ii) une approche par sensibilité aux coûts que nous utilisons à la fois dans un but théorique mais aussi pratique.Notre première contribution repose sur l'apprentissage de modèles locaux autour de fraudes avérées afin de construire des zones à risque. Elle part du postulat qu'une nouvelle fraude a de très grandes chances d'apparaître à proximité d'une fraude connue. Une étude théorique accompagne cet algorithme permettant d'assurer que le nombre de faux positifs générés par l'algorithme reste contrôlé.Dans notre deuxième contribution, nous proposons une version de l'algorithme des k plus proches voisins plus adaptée au contexte déséquilibré. Dans cette étude, essentiellement expérimentale, nous nous proposons d'étudier la façon dont doit être modifiée la distance d'un nouvel exemple à une fraude afin d'optimiser une mesure adaptée à ce contexte : la F-mesure, par le biais de la validation croisée. Cette mesure est au centre de notre troisième contribution qui se veut principalement théorique. Nous proposons de dériver une borne sur la F-mesure optimale à partir de la propriété de pseudo-linéarité de cette mesure, des erreurs effectuées par l'hypothèse apprise et d'une approche par sensibilité aux coûts. Ces bornes théoriques obtenues sont ensuite utilisées pour construire un algorithme itératif d'optimisation de la F-mesure, algorithme qui est tout aussi performant que ces concurrents.Notre quatrième et dernière contribution est industrielle et a pour but de combiner l'utilisation de modèles à base d'arbres et de sensibilité aux coûts pour améliorer le système existant de la société BLITZ en proposant un système d'optimisation des bénéfices de ses clients<br>Fraud and anomaly detection, or more generally learning in an imbalanced context, is a task very often encountered in industrial applications.Detecting these anomalies is a major challenge in today's society due to its potential economic consequences. BLITZ Business Services is confronted with this type of problem in the context of the fight against check fraud. These frauds represent 0.4% of the transactions but millions of euros of losses per year for its customers. Dealing with fraud data, and more generally with imbalanced data, is a complex task for most current learning algorithms because of the under-representation of frauds over non-frauds. The techniques are also as diverse and varied as the nature of the frauds encountered and range from sampling strategy, representation learning, optimization of measures appropriate to an imbalanced context or the construction of classification algorithms combining the advantages of several of the former. This thesis is intended to be eclectic, in the same way as the techniques present in the state of the art and is divided into two main axes: (i) a so-called geometric approach in which we propose metric learning algorithms for data classification and (ii) a cost-sensitive approach that we use for both theoretical and practical purposes.Our first contribution is based on learning local models around known frauds in order to build risky areas. It is based on the assumption that a new fraud is very likely to occur in the neighborhood of a known fraud. A theoretical study accompanies this algorithm to ensure that the number of false positives generated by the algorithm remains controlled.In our second contribution, we propose a version the k-Nearest Neighbors algorithm adapted to the imbalanced context. In this study, we propose to analyze how the distance from a new query to a fraud should be modified in order to optimize a measure adapted to this context: the F-measure, through cross validation. This measure is at the heart of our third contribution, which is mainly theoretical. We propose to derive a bound on the optimal F-measure from the pseudo-linearity property of this measure, the errors made by the hypotheses learned and a cost-sensitivity approach. The theoretical bounds obtained are then used to build an iterative algorithm for optimizing the F-measure, algorithm that is at least as efficient as its competitors.Our fourt and final contribution is industrial and aims to combine the use of tree-based models and cost sensitivity to improve BLITZ existing system by offering a profit optimization system for its customers
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Wong, Yuk-see. "White collar crime : major bank fraud cases in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12840361.
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Edwards, Vincent Dewayne. "Leadership Strategies to Reduce Occupational Fraud in Banking." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6556.
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Banks are in a precarious position due to increasing corporate losses from prolonged instances of employee-driven occupational fraud. The purpose of this single case study was to explore the leadership strategies some bank leaders used to reduce corporate losses from occupational fraud. The fraud triangle theory was the conceptual framework for this study. Data collection consisted of semistructured interviews with 11 bank managers at various levels within the bank, and a focus group session with 8 frontline managers. Data were analyzed using Yin's 5-step data analysis process, which entailed descriptive coding and sequential review of the interview transcripts. Member checks and interviewing until data saturation occurred helped to ensure the trustworthiness of the findings. Six themes emerged as the key study findings: effective communication, leading by example, empowerment, incentivizing, engendering trust, and personal integrity. Managers use of strategies incorporating these themes helped to improve employees' commitment to achieving their organization's corporate vision and establishing a sense of ownership whereby the employees would better protect and value organizational assets. The board of directors, senior managers, and frontline managers could all apply the strategies, thus reducing the likelihood of occupational fraud.
Application of the study findings could contribute to social change by enabling bank leaders to create a positive organizational environment in which their employees make better choices to behave ethically, demonstrate financial responsibility with regards to corporate assets, and become principle agents of the organization.
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Salomonsson, Erik, and Carl Thormählen. "Internal fraud in the banking industry : A cross-bank analysis on operational loss announcements." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-106103.
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Managerial and regulatory focus in the financial industryhas been intensified due to a number of extremely costly and highly publicized events. Whenfraudulent activities or any improper business practices are revealed it may damage the bank’sreputation. In the end this can have a big impact on anyone who is any kind of stakeholder.Reputational risk and by what mechanism reputational risk is adversely affecting stock pricesis therefore of great importance for stakeholders. This study aims at providing insights and abetter understanding of reputational risk. We examine the reputational damage in banksresulting from operational losses and analyze the stock market reaction across the bankingindustry. Research question: What is the effect of operational loss announcements from internalfraudulent activities on competitors in the banking industry? The results show a positive cross-bank reaction during the observed period oftime. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is stronger when a reputational damage isrecognized in the bank where the loss occurred. The results show a positive cross-bankreaction during the observed period of time. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is strongerwhen a reputational damage is recognized in the bank where the loss occurred.
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Oliveira, Eric Barreto de. "Manipulação de resultados: estudo de caso de um banco brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-12072016-113525/.
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As referências de casos reais brasileiros nas áreas de negócios são bastante escassas, sobretudo, em relação aos casos de insucessos, falências e fraudes, desprezados no decorrer do tempo e pouco utilizados como elementos de aprendizagem, possibilitando a recorrência de erros anteriormente cometidos. Esse trabalho tem como objetivo entender as estratégias contábeis empregadas por um banco brasileiro que sofreu intervenção do Banco Central do Brasil e foi liquidado sob acusações de fraude. Trata-se de um estudo de caso único, que utiliza como fontes documentos do processo de falência e das apurações do Banco Central do Brasil, atas de reunião do conselho e da diretoria, pareceres, reportagens, bancos de dados de demonstrações financeiras e cotações, entrevistas com repórteres que cobriram o caso e ex-funcionários. O trabalho também busca o entendimento de escolhas contábeis não necessariamente fraudulentas, mas pouco ortodoxas, analisando como o ambiente da instituição pode ter colaborado com a ocorrência dessas práticas e se, antes da intervenção do Banco Central, foram emitidos sinais de alerta suficientemente fortes para que o mercado os captasse. Além da literatura inerente à governança corporativa e insider shareholding, fraude e gerenciamento de resultados, destaca-se o entendimento da crise financeira de 2008, a qual não só impactou o negócio de bancos pequenos e médios em todo o mundo como trouxe à tona discussões sobre o modelo de negócios de concessão de empréstimos e venda da carteira e formas de contabilização. O trabalho desenvolve-se através do estudo isolado de cada fonte de evidência e, ao final, é feita uma triangulação com os itens que amparam as respostas às questões de pesquisa. Com base nas evidências estudadas, observou-se concentração de poder e escolhas que beneficiaram os controladores, através de remuneração e dividendos acima do mercado, e também o relacionamento do banco com outras empresas da família. Desse modo, os sinais de alerta anteriores à intervenção do Banco Central existiram, mas não foram suficientemente claros para chamar a atenção do mercado. Quanto às estratégias de contabilização usadas pela instituição financeira, podem-se salientar: a antecipação dos critérios de contabilização de cessões de crédito (Resolução 3.533, 2008); a classificação da carteira de crédito na categoria \"disponíveis para a venda\" (balanço IFRS); PCLD insuficiente; empréstimos existentes apenas na contabilidade; superavaliação no valor justo de cotas de FIDC e outros instrumentos financeiros sem mercado secundário ativo mensurados a valor de mercado; manipulação de resultados de cessão de crédito; e falta de evidenciação de transações com partes relacionadas e FIDC.<br>The references of Brazilian real cases in the business area are very scant, particularly about cases of failures, bankruptcies and fraud, neglected over time, and little used as a learning elements, allowing the recurrence of previously committed mistakes. This study aims to understand the financial strategies employed by a Brazilian bank that was seized by Brazil\'s Central Bank and was extinct on fraud charges. This is a single case study, which uses as sources documents of the bankruptcy process and of calculations made by Brazil\'s Central Bank, records of council meetings and board of Directors meetings, accountant\'s opinions, news reports, financial statements databases and quoted market prices, interviews with reporters who covered the case and former employees. This research also seeks to understand not necessarily fraudulent accounting choices, but unorthodox, analyzing how the institution\'s environment may have contributed to the happening of these practices and if, before the intervention of the Central Bank, strong enough warning signs were issued to the market would capture them. In addition to the specific literature on corporate governance and insider shareholding, fraud and earnings management, the understanding the financial crisis of 2008 stands out, because this conjuncture not only unsettled the business of small and medium banks all over the world as brought up deliberations on the lending business model and sale of the portfolio and accounting settings. This study is developed through the analysis of each source of evidence and, in the end, a triangulation with the items that support the answers to the research questions is performed. Based on noted evidence, there was a concentration of power and choices that benefited Controllers, through compensations and dividends above market, and also the bank\'s relationship with other family companies. Thus, there were earlier warning signs for intervention by Central Bank, but they were not clear enough to draw the attention of the market. As the accounting strategies used by the financial institution, can be highlighted: the anticipation of credit assignment accounting criteria (Resolution 3.533, 2008); the loan portfolio classification as \"available for sale\" (IFRS balance sheet); insufficient bad debt provision; effective loans only in accounting; overvaluation in the mark to market of Receivables investment funds shares and other financial instruments measured at fair value without an active secondary market; handling credit assignment results; and lack of disclosure of deals with related parts and Receivables investment funds
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Chou, Chung-Hsing. "Reform of the Republic of China's legal system to control inside bank fraud and malpractice." Thesis, University of London, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.522316.
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Гриценко, Костянтин Григорович, Константин Григорьевич Гриценко та Kostiantyn Hryhorovych Hrytsenko. "Нечітко-множинна ієрархічна модель оцінювання рівня ризику шахрайства банківського персоналу". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2019. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/77618.
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Оцінювання ризику шахрайства персоналу є складовою частиною
аудиторської діяльності та представляє собою складний і трудомісткий процес.
В роботі [1] зазначено, що ключова відмінність між фактором та індикатором
1 Робота виконана в рамках держбюджетної науково-дослідної роботи №0118U003574 «Кібербезпека в боротьбі
з банківськими шахрайствами: захист споживачів фінансових послуг та зростання фінансово-економічної
безпеки України» ризику полягає в тому, що фактор ризику спостерігається аудитором лише
опосередковано через присутність пов’язаних з ним індикаторів ризику, в той
час як індикатор ризику спостерігається аудитором безпосередньо. Саме на
основі спостереження за індикаторами ризику шахрайства аудитор приймає
рішення щодо існування специфічного фактору ризику шахрайства персоналу.
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Trott, Thomas, and Friedrich Thießen. "Zu den Ursachen des mangelnden Erfolges der Honorarberatung." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-152572.
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Die Honorarberatung befindet sich überall in Europa auf dem Vormarsch. Sie ist eine von Regulierern geschätzte Alternative zur viel kritisierten Provisionsberatung. Im Widerspruch dazu verhalten sich Bankkunden zurückhaltend bis ablehnend. Dies wirft die Frage auf, worin die Ursachen liegen könnten. Mögliche Antworten werden auf Basis einer Choice-Based Conjoint-Analyse mit Kundenclusterung abgeleitet. Es zeigt sich, dass die Bankkunden gespalten sind. Eine kleine Gruppe von agilen, gut informierten, einkommensstarken Personen präferiert die Honorarberatung (6% aller Bankkunden). Währenddessen tendiert die große Masse der Kunden zur Provisionsberatung. Diese Masse zeichnet sich durch ein erstaunlich realistisches Bild von sich selbst aus. Sie hält sich für schlecht informiert und wenig erfahren, für unflexibel und nicht offen für Neues. Sie sucht ihr Heil in einem bedingungslosen Vertrauen zur Bank. Ein solches eröffnet Spielräume für opportunistisches Verhalten auch bei der Honorarberatung. Die Politik muss daher entweder die Honorarberatung regulatorisch gegen jede Art des Opportunismus absichern oder liberal agieren und Verstöße gegen den Vertrauensvorschuss ex post sanktionieren<br>The transition to fee-based advisory is underway in Europe. The regulatory bodies consider this the preferred alternative in contrast to the commission-based agent approach. However, the same state of euphoria cannot be found among clients. Up until now, banking clients in Germany have been cautious, modest and reluctant. This prompts questions as to what could be the cause of such behaviour. Possible explanations can be found in a conjoint-analysis with client clustering. It can be shown that the behaviour of German clients in banking is divided. A small group of agile, well-informed individuals with high incomes prefers fee-based advisory services (6% of all clients). Meanwhile, the large majority of clients tend to prioritise the commission-based advisory service. Interestingly, this group is characterized by an astonishingly realistic picture of themselves. The clients consider themselves not properly informed, lacking experience, inflexible and not open for innovation. They seek salvation by granting unconditional trust to their banks. These clients cannot assess or judge if a new type of advisory method will offer any kind of advantage. If politics wants to promote the fee-based model it has to assure absolutely water-proof solutions, otherwise a resulting loss of confidence in case of misuse will be inevitable. Taking a more liberal approach, politics could leave several avenues open and instead sanction infringements of accredited trust
Books on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Subramanian, Revathi. Bank Fraud. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118886168.
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Centre, Financial Institutions Training, ed. Fraud in banks. Financial Institutions Training Centre, 1986.
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D, Hawke John, Nathan Irvin B, and Law & Business, inc., eds. The Bank Secrecy Act and bank fraud statutes. Law & Business/Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1985.
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United States. Dept. of State. Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs, ed. Nigerian advance fee fraud. The Bureau, 1997.
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United States. Dept. of State. Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs., ed. Nigerian advance fee fraud. The Bureau, 1997.
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United States. Dept. of State. Bureau of International Narcotics and Law Enforcement Affairs., ed. Nigerian advance fee fraud. The Bureau, 1997.
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Muthanná, Fayṣal ʻUmar. al-Shīk wa-jarāʼimahu. al-Jumhūrīyah al-Yamanīyah, Wizārat al-ʻAdl, 2009.
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Ovuakporie, Vincent. Bank frauds: Causes and preventions : an empirical analysis. Att Books, 1994.
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United States. General Accounting Office., ed. Bank and thrift fraud: Overview of the federal government's response : statement of Harold A. Valentine, Associate Director, Administration of Justice Issues, before the Subcommittee on Consumer and Regulatory Affairs, Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate. The Office, 1992.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Cheng, Hongming. "Bank Fraud." In Financial Crime in China. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137571069_3.
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Smith, Sonny. "Investigations: Bank Fraud." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_52-1.
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Smith, Sonny. "Investigations: Bank Fraud." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69891-5_52-2.
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Smith, Sonny. "Investigations: Bank Fraud." In Encyclopedia of Security and Emergency Management. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70488-3_52.
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Gottschalk, Petter. "Danske Bank by Plesner." In Fraud Investigation Reports in Practice. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003305071-4.
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Smouha, Brian. "A Recent Case History of International Bank Fraud." In Risk Management and Regulation in Banking. Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5043-3_11.
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Manacorda, Stefano, and Costantino Grasso. "The Evolution of the World Bank Sanctions System." In Fighting Fraud and Corruption at the World Bank. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73824-6_2.
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Haβ, Lars Helge, Maximilian A. Müller, and Zhifang Zhang. "Corporate Fraud and Bank Loan Contracting: Evidence from China." In Sustainable Entrepreneurship in China. Palgrave Macmillan US, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137412539_1.
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Awotunde, Joseph Bamidele, Sanjay Misra, Foluso Ayeni, Rytis Maskeliunas, and Robertas Damasevicius. "Artificial Intelligence Based System for Bank Loan Fraud Prediction." In Hybrid Intelligent Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96305-7_43.
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Manacorda, Stefano, and Costantino Grasso. "The World Bank Sanctions System: Historical Overview and Background." In Fighting Fraud and Corruption at the World Bank. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73824-6_1.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Mayo, Katherine, Nicholas Grabill, and Michael P. Wellman. "Fraud Risk Mitigation in Real-Time Payments: A Strategic Agent-Based Analysis." In Thirty-Third International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-24}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2024/18.
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Whereas standard financial mechanisms for payment may take days to finalize, real-time payments (RTPs) provide immediate processing and final receipt of funds. The speed of settlement benefits customers, but raises vulnerability to fraud. We seek to understand how bank nodes may strategically mitigate fraud risk in RTPs, through investment in fraud detection and restricting payments eligible for real-time processing. To study this, we introduce an agent-based model of the payment network supporting both real-time and standard payments, and define a game among banks and fraudsters. Using empirical game-theoretic analysis, we identify Nash equilibria in nine game configurations defined by network attributes. Our analysis finds that as banks become more liable for fraud, they continue to allow RTPs but are more likely to employ both restrictions and a high level of fraud detection. Fraudsters, in response, switch from targeting only RTPs to attempting fraud with any type of payment and tend to exploit banks where they have historically been most successful. We also conduct a strategic feature gains assessment to further understand the benefit offered by each of the bank's risk mitigation measures, which confirms the importance of selective RTP restrictions. Finally, we find that in equilibrium bank strategic decisions negatively affect fraudsters while minimally impacting customers.
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Singh, Khushwant, Larisa Mistrean, Yudhvir Singh, Dheer Dhwaj Barak, and Parashar Abhishek. "Fraud Prevention in Digital Payment Systems and Cybersecurity Education for Customers of Nationalized Financial Institutions." In International Scientific Conference ”Development Through Research and Innovation - 2023”, 4nd Edition. Academy of Economic Studies of Moldova, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53486/dri2023.08.
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Information Technology and infrastructural development-based technology has taken important part and different dimension in building the future of Indian Financial System, especially in transition from tradition banking method to E-Banking services. One of the important reasons why this transition took place is because of time and convenience which caters the needs of customers in ease of transacting their accounts anywhere and at any time. Since, increased in the number of online transactions has pave the way to increased online frauds and hacking. In the present scenario cyber security and protection of customers information has become the biggest challenge. Hackers and Cyber attackers have become common marvel and get easy access to customer information anywhere and anytime. Customers in many stances have becomes a prey and victim unknowingly, believing the mechanism to be a genuine one. This research paper mainly focuses on customer awareness and methods of preventing electronic frauds, cyber security and throws spotlight on chances of users who fall as target to hacking and phishing attack which are used to steal personal and bank information. This paper also examines the awareness of customer on digital frauds and cyber security provided by the perspective Nationalised Banks. Cyber security and infrastructure security can only be accomplished by sensing the techniques and practices of attackers and building a strong defence and security on the KYC of the bank customers. It also seeks to understand various factors that are responsible for bank fraud which are unidentified to the customer.
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Gyamfi, Nana Kwame, and Jamal-Deen Abdulai. "Bank Fraud Detection Using Support Vector Machine." In 2018 IEEE 9th Annual Information Technology, Electronics and Mobile Communication Conference (IEMCON). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iemcon.2018.8614994.
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Sarma, Dhiman, Wahidul Alam, Ishita Saha, Mohammad Nazmul Alam, Mohammad Jahangir Alam, and Sohrab Hossain. "Bank Fraud Detection using Community Detection Algorithm." In 2020 Second International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icirca48905.2020.9182954.
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Ranjan, Pinku, Kammari Santhosh, Arun Kumar, and Somesh Kumar. "Fraud Detection on Bank Payments Using Machine Learning." In 2022 International Conference for Advancement in Technology (ICONAT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconat53423.2022.9726104.
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WANG, Cheng. "The Behavioral Sign of Account Theft: Realizing Online Payment Fraud Alert." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/636.
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As a matter of fact, it is usually taken for granted that the occurrence of unauthorized behaviors is necessary for the fraud detection in online payment services. However, we seek to break this stereotype in this work. We strive to design an ex-ante anti-fraud method that can work before unauthorized behaviors occur. The feasibility of our solution is supported by the cooperation of a characteristic and a finding in online payment fraud scenarios: The well-recognized characteristic is that online payment frauds are mostly caused by account compromise. Our finding is that account theft is indeed predictable based on users' high-risk behaviors, without relying on the behaviors of thieves. Accordingly, we propose an account risk prediction scheme to realize the ex-ante fraud detection. It takes in an account's historical transaction sequence, and outputs its risk score. The risk score is then used as an early evidence of whether a new transaction is fraudulent or not, before the occurrence of the new transaction. We examine our method on a real-world B2C transaction dataset from a commercial bank. Experimental results show that the ex-ante detection method can prevent more than 80\% of the fraudulent transactions before they actually occur. When the proposed method is combined with an interim detection to form a real-time anti-fraud system, it can detect more than 94\% of fraudulent transactions while maintaining a very low false alarm rate (less than 0.1\%).
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Liu, Junping. "Internal Control of the Reflection on Qilu Bank Fraud." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5998389.
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Wu, Siyuan, Derong Yang, Wenjun Ge, and Baoqin Chen. "Risk prediction model of bank telecommunication fraud based on XGBoost." In International Conference on Cyber Security, Artificial Intelligence, and Digital Economy (CSAIDE 2023), edited by Pavel Loskot and Shaozhang Niu. SPIE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2681646.
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Zhan, Feiyan. "Research on bank fraud transaction detection based on LSTM-Focalloss." In ACAI 2020: 2020 3rd International Conference on Algorithms, Computing and Artificial Intelligence. ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3446132.3446176.
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Song, Zijian. "A Data Mining Based Fraud Detection Hybrid Algorithm in E-bank." In 2020 International Conference on Big Data, Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things Engineering (ICBAIE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbaie49996.2020.00016.
Full textReports on the topic "Bank fraud"
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Loecker, Florian, Amanah Ramadiah, and Kimmo Soramäki. Countering Consumer Fraud and Scams with National Fraud Portals. FNA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/oppl1525.
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In this paper, we argue that setting up a new Digital Public Infrastructure - a National Fraud Portal (NFP) - is the only way to address fraud and consumer scams efficiently. NFPs provide a technological solution as a shared facility for banks, law enforcement, the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU), the central bank, the conduct supervisor, and other stakeholders. Further down the line, NFPs can connect to one another as cross-border criminal activity increases (a likely consequence of suppressing fraud domestically). The National Fraud Portal (NFP) enables: The real-time tracing and tracking of fund movements across the banking system that allow banks to recover funds for victims quickly The validation and prioritization of cases across the economy using data-driven models The faster identification of new mule accounts at a reduced cost More accurate methods for fraud detection and risk scoring that employ Graph AI deployed on network data. The real-time provision of risk scores and features to banks via APIs, allowing them to improve their fraud models and make faster, more accurate decisions about preventing fraudulent payments before settlement. In this paper, we detail the technological components of the National Fraud Portal. The paper is a result of FNA’s work building technology for National Fraud Portals in Southeast Asia, as well as conversations with over 100 institutions across 20 countries that are actively working on, or have an interest in tackling the problem of fraud and scams.
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Atuesta, Laura, Agustina Schijman, Salvatore Schiavo-Campo, and Cheryl Gray. IDB-9: Combating Fraud and Corruption. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010514.
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This report reviews the implementation of the measures the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB or Bank) has taken in the three strategic pillars of the anticorruption agenda: (i) strengthen the prevention of fraud and corruption in Bank operations; (ii) support transparency and anticorruption efforts in the Region; and (iii) ensure high ethical standards for Bank staff. The Bank has taken several actions in the first and third pillars. To help prevent corruption, the IDB has eliminated the overlap of policy and investigations by creating an Anticorruption Policy Committee and giving more independence to the Office of Institutional Integrity, and by establishing a new sanctions structure with greater clarity and stronger accountability. In addition, the 2011 cross-debarment agreement with other multilateral development banks has enhanced the impact of sanctions the IDB may impose. To help ensure internal integrity, the Bank has revised its Code of Ethics and whistleblower policy, improved the enforcement capacity of the Ethics Office, streamlined accountability relationship, and taken various other actions to bring the system up to good international practice. The second pillar, however -even recognizing that most Bank interventions to improve public management and strengthen institutions can have a positive impact on governance and anticorruption- has received limited recognition and support, partly as the result of crowding out by other development priorities and of limited country demand. In preventing corruption in Bank projects and in fostering staff integrity, the new structure is a major improvement over the one built piecemeal in previous years. This report advances various suggestions, of which the most important is for an external review of the Bank staff rules, particularly to sharpen managers¿ authority and accountability for ensuring a respectful workplace environment. In these two pillars, however, the priority is to consolidate the sound organizational and institutional changes that have been made. For the second pillar, enhancing governance and anticorruption efforts in member countries will require more assertive Bank support from the top, the assignment of greater priority and resources to programs to foster transparency and accountability, and closer intersectoral coordination.
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Loecker, Florian, Amanah Ramadiah, Kimmo Soramäki, and Will Towning. Building Robust Anti-Fraud & Scam Capabilities at the National Level. FNA, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.69701/ektb6000.
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The introduction of instant payment systems around the world has accelerated in recent years. There are now over 80 instant payment systems globally, with more than 35 being launched in the last five years and eight currently being built. These systems bring unprecedented speed and efficiency to payments markets, with greater convenience for consumers. However, faster payments also means faster fraud. For example, in Hong Kong, the volume of fraud cases more than doubled in the four years following the introduction of the Faster Payment Service in 2018. Authorized Push Payments (APP) fraud losses - a form of fraud in which victims are manipulated into making instant payments to fraudsters - are expected to climb to $5.25 billion across the US, UK, and India by 2026. Fraudsters use complex and sophisticated transaction schemes that span across banks to conceal the destination of fraudulently acquired funds. This means that no bank has full visibility of this network with their own payments data alone. It also means that standard rules and statistical approaches to fraud detection and prevention based on siloed bank-level data are limited in their effectiveness as they fail to fully capture the network dimension. We argue that the problem can only be efficiently addressed by capturing the full network, including cross-bank payment flows. This can be done by collating payments data into a central data hub that enables: The tracing and tracking of the fund movements in real time, allowing banks to recover funds for victims and identify new mule accounts and schemes faster, as well as reduce the cost of doing so. More accurate methods for fraud detection and risk scoring that employ graph features of the data. Risk scores and features to be provided to banks in real-time via APIs to improve their own fraud models and enable them to make more accurate and faster decisions on stopping fraudulent payments.
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De Michele, Roberto, and Paul Constance. Trust Is our Most Important Asset: How the Private Sector in Latin America and the Caribbean Is Advancing the Anti-Corruption and Integrity Agendas. Edited by María Cecilia Alvarez Bollea and Marta Viegas. Inter American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005547.
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Although governments, civil society organizations, and academia are crucial actors in the effort to fight corruption and promote integrity, private firms and industry organizations also play critical roles. This publication features seven case studies that highlight results and lessons learned in private sector integrity projects, all but one of which were supported by the Inter-American Development Bank and IDB Invest. These studies include initiatives by Peru's largest industry confederation and Panama's banking association to encourage member companies to upgrade their internal ethics and compliance practices. Also, the adoption of new regulations requiring the disclosure of ultimate beneficial owners of financial assets is shown to discourage tax fraud and money laundering in Ecuador, Uruguay, and other countries. An annual index issued by the Jamaican Stock Exchange evaluates and scores the quality of governance in listed companies, thereby enabling investors to identify firms with superior integrity safeguards. A coalition of private and public shipping entities joins forces to dismantle an extortion scheme in Argentinas ports. A private bank in Suriname uses strict integrity standards as an effective client acquisition tool, and a global summary of best practices in procurement and contracting offers guidance for preventing corruption in infrastructure projects.
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Graham, Timothy, and Katherine M. FitzGerald. Bots, Fake News and Election Conspiracies: Disinformation During the Republican Primary Debate and the Trump Interview. Queensland University of Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/rep.eprints.242533.
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We used Alexandria Digital, a world leading disinformation detection technology, to analyse almost a million posts on X (formerly known as Twitter) and Reddit comments during the first Republican primary debate and counterprogrammed Tucker Carlson and Donald Trump interview on the 23rd of August. What we did: • Collected 949,259 posts from the platform X, formerly known as Twitter. These posts were collected if they contained one of 11 relevant hashtags or keywords and were posted between 8:45pm and 11:15pm EST on 23rd August 2023. • Collected 20,549 comments from two separate Reddit threads. Both were discussion threads dedicated to the first Republican primary Debate and the Tucker Carlson and Donald Trump interview from r/Conservative and r/politics. • This methodology allowed us to capture narratives and conduct analysis of coordinated behaviour that occurred immediately before, during, and after the Republican primary debate and the airing of the Tucker Carlson interview of Donald Trump. What we found: • A coordinated network of over 1200 accounts promoting the conspiracy theory that Donald Trump won the 2020 United States presidential election that received over 3 million impressions on the platform X; • A sprawling bot network consisting of 1,305 unique accounts with a variety of clusters; • Some of the largest clusters were coordinated troll networks in support of Donald Trump; a coordinated network of misleading news outlets, and a clickbait Pro-Trump bot network. • No coordinated activity was found on Reddit during the Republican Primary Debate or in discussion of the Tucker Carlson and Donald Trump interview. What does this mean? • X is flooded with platform manipulation of various kinds, is not doing enough to moderate content, and has no clear strategy for dealing with political disinformation. • A haven for disinformation. While pre-Musk Twitter previously managed to moderate harmful conspiracy theories such as QAnon, X is now a safe space for conspiracy theorists and political disinformation. • That no evidence of coordinated influence activity was found on Reddit suggests the extensive rules and moderation either prevented or removed coordinated activity from the platform. • Worrying trends. Given the prevalence of mis- and disinformation during the debate and interview, the leadup to the US 2024 Presidential Election is likely to witness a surge of information disorder on the platform. • Trump is back. The reinstatement of Donald Trump’s X account has emboldened conspiracy theorists and the far right, who are interpreting this as a sign that the reason why Trump was suspended (incitement to violence) validates election fraud disinformation and activism. • Anything goes. The lack of a freely available Twitter Application Programming Interface (API) means that researchers, journalists, and regulators cannot monitor disinformation on X and hold the platform to account.
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Inter-American Development Bank Oversight Committee on Fraud and Corruption: First Semi-Annual Report. Inter-American Development Bank, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005734.
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This is the first Semi-Annual Report of the Oversight Committee on Fraud and Corruption. It is issued in compliance with the provision of the Rules of Operations of the Secretariat of the Oversight Committee on Fraud and Corruption (OCFC). The report summarizes the major activities undertaken by the (OCFC) between April 2002 and March 2003 and provides a comprehensive summary of the state of investigations conducted by the Inter-American Development Bank.
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Office of Institutional Integrity Annual Report 2004. Inter-American Development Bank, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005708.
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The Office of Institutional Integrity (OII) began operations in January 2004. OII is the central body responsible for the Bank's internal anticorruption and integrity program. Its goals are to build widespread awareness of the rules and procedures of integrity programs; investigate credible allegations of fraud, corruption, and misconduct in Bank-financed activities; and ensure that action is taken wherever fraud, corruption, or misconduct is discovered or can be prevented. This first annual report describes OII's first full year of activity.
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Office of Institutional Integrity Annual Report 2005. Inter-American Development Bank, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005741.
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In 2005, major steps were taken to create a harmonized approach to combat fraud and corruption within the multilateral development banks and the community of international organizations. The Office of Institutional Integrity has also significantly expanded its outreach capacity, increasing efforts to educate our staff as well as employees at executing agencies, and firms and consultants who do business with the Bank group on its anti-corruption initiatives. The results of OII's efforts and the growing trust within the Bank for the office's work, as summarized in this report, demonstrate the Bank's commitment to integrity, implementation of an effective anti-corruption program, and leadership within the broader multilateral development bank community on this fundamental subject. This report provides the Bank and the public with an overview of OII's activities and findings during 2005.
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Office of Institutional Integrity Annual Report 2006. Inter-American Development Bank, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005707.
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This report provides the Bank and the public with an overview of the Office of Institutional Integrity's activities and findings during 2006. In this respect, 2006 has been a very important year with the implementation of many new integrity and anti-corruption initiatives. The Bank adopted a revised Code of Ethics and launched a rigorous ethics training program for all Bank staff. The Bank also increased transparency to our sanctions process with the implementation of new Sanctions Procedures and the formation of a new Sanctions Committee. The report is also part of OII's educational effort, as a resource to enhance awareness and understanding of the types of fraud and corruption that OII investigates and the preventive measures that it promotes as part of its mandate.
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Office of Institutional Integrity Annual Report 2007. Inter-American Development Bank, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005733.
Full textAbstract:
The Office of Institutional Integrity (OII) is the IDB Group's primary office for addressing external matters of integrity, fraud and corruption. As a measure of the significance that the IDB Group attaches to integrity, OII reports directly to the President. OII coordinates this work closely with other entities in the Bank Group, particularly the Oversight Committee on Fraud and Corruption (OCFC) and the Sanctions Committee. OII also plays a supportive role in internal ethics and integrity matters and helps member countries develop and refine their own integrity programs. Overall, in 2007, OII made significant progress in streamlining investigative activities, enhancing the department's capacity and building knowledge-based systems to strengthen prevention efforts. OII also broadened its research on past cases, expanded integrity outreach and pursued more complex investigations. A brief overview of the rest of this year's report is given by general focal area and pillar of activity.