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1
Vencataya, Lomendra, Sharmila Pudaruth, Roubina TD Juwaheer, Ganess Dirpal, and Nabeelah Meh Zabeen Sumodhee. "Assessing the Impact of Service Quality Dimensions on Customer Satisfaction in Commercial Banks of Mauritius." Studies in Business and Economics 14, no. 1 (2019): 259–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sbe-2019-0020.
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AbstractIn today’s hyper competitive banking arena, banking institutions are focusing on improving service quality. Providing excellent quality of service is important in creating and sustaining competitive advantage in the banking industry of Mauritius due to intense competition between local and international banks. Hence, the paper explores the impact of Service Quality (SQ) Dimensions on customer satisfaction. Using the SERVQUAL model, the paper seeks to examine the impacts of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangible aspects on customer satisfaction in banks of Mauritius. A sample of 200 banking customers was randomly selected and data were analyzed through SPSS version 22. The SERVQUAL model has been found as reliable factors and appropriate tool to measure, evaluate, support, and improve the quality of services in banking industry. Results indicated that all five service quality factors have significantly positively influenced customer satisfaction in banks. Regression analysis was also conducted and depicted that empathy is a significant predictor of customer satisfaction among the five SQ dimensions.
2
Abduh, Muhamad, Shaheen Bibi Ramjaun, and Muhamad Mustaqim. "Bank Selection Criteria and SERVQUAL Survey among Muslims in Mauritius." QIJIS (Qudus International Journal of Islamic Studies) 6, no. 2 (2018): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/qijis.v6i2.3756.
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As a Muslim minority country located far off the east coast of South Africa, Mauritius has successfully introduced Islamic finance since 1998. However, the development is not as expected since two Islamic banking windows were closed down and the only Islamic commercial bank in the country has been struggling hard in order to generate favorable expected profits. The aims of this study are to investigate the bank selection criteria among Muslims in Mauritius and to evaluate the customer satisfaction upon the Islamic banking service quality in the country. The findings show that privacy, easy access, service quality, facilities, transparency and bank reputation are the factors influence Muslim Mauritian to patronize bank and interestingly religion and religiosity are out of it. The importance – performance analysis is used to provide an interesting visual analysis on the service quality items examined. The findings suggest that Islamic banks must improve their Tangible and Reliability aspects in order to satisfy the customers and eventually become more profitable.
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PAL, MANABENDRA N., and KOUSHIKI CHOUDHURY. "EXPLORING THE DIMENSIONALITY OF SERVICE QUALITY: AN APPLICATION OF TOPSIS IN THE INDIAN BANKING INDUSTRY." Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research 26, no. 01 (2009): 115–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217595909002110.
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The Indian banking industry is going through turbulent times. With the lowering of entry barriers and blurring product lines of banks and non-banks since the financial sector reforms, banks are functioning increasingly under competitive pressures. Hence, it is imperative that banks maintain a loyal customer base. In order to achieve this and improve their market positions, many retail banks are directing their strategies towards increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty through improved service quality. Moreover, with the advent of international banking and innovations in the marketplace, customers are having greater and greater difficulty in selecting one institution from another. Hence, to gain and sustain competitive advantages in the fast changing retail banking industry in India, it is crucial for banks to understand in-depth what customers perceive to be the key dimensions of service quality and to evaluate banks on these dimensions. This is because if service quality dimensions can be identified, service managers should be able to improve the delivery of customer perceived quality during the service process and have greater control over the overall outcome. The study suggests that customers distinguish four dimensions of service quality in the case of the retail banking industry in India, namely, customer-orientedness, competence, tangibles and convenience. A methodological innovation in this study has been in the use of TOPSIS in the field of customer-perceived service quality. TOPSIS has been used to evaluate and ranking the relative performance of the banks across the service quality dimensions. Identifying the underlying dimensions of the service quality construct and evaluating the performance of the banks across these factors is the first step in the definition and hence provision of quality service in the Indian retail banking industry.
4
Choudhury, Koushiki. "Service Quality and WOM (Word-of-Mouth)." International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management 2, no. 2 (2011): 63–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jcrmm.2011040105.
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The Indian banking industry is going through turbulent times. In this era of mature and intense competitive pressures, it is imperative that banks maintain a loyal customer base. To achieve this objective and improve their market and profit positions, many retail banks are directing their strategies toward increasing customer satisfaction and loyalty through improved service quality. In the present context, characterised by rapid change and sophisticated customers, it is important that banks in India determine service quality factors, which are pertinent to the customers’ selection process, as well as the dimensionality of customer-perceived service quality. If service quality dimensions are identified, service managers can improve the delivery of customer perceived quality during the service process and have greater control over the outcome. The author suggests that customers distinguish four dimensions of service quality in the retail banking industry in India. These dimensions of customer-perceived service quality are customer-orientedness, competence, tangibles, and convenience. The results of this study offer strong support for the intuitive notion that improving service quality increases favourable behavioural intentions, namely WOM (Word-of-Mouth) communications.
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Shagari, Shamsudeen Ladan, Akilah Abdullah, and Rafeah Mat Saat. "A Proposed Model on the Impact of Internal Control Quality on Accounting Information System Effectiveness in Nigeria." Social and Management Research Journal 15, no. 2 (2018): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/smrj.v15i2.4973.
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The overwhelmingly rapid adoption of e-business technology in theNigerian banking sector has resulted in new challenges particularly in thearea of internal control. Although there are conflicting findings on the useof Accounting Information System and internal problems in the bankingsector, the fact remains that internal control is associated with fraud. Inthis regards, for banks to effectively detect and prevent fraud, the use ofAccounting Information System as tool for effective internal control isnecessary. This study aims to propose a model of the effect of internal controlquality in Nigerian banking sector. it is hypothesised that administrativecontrol, data control, and output control has significant influence on internalcontrol quality. The study further hypothesised that internal control qualitywould significantly influence AIS effectiveness uses organisation as unitof analysis with commercial banks that are listed on the Nigerian StockExchange as the target population. A quantitative data will be gatheredusing cross-sectional survey approach. Ordinary least square will be usedfor data analysis. The findings of this study will provide a solution to bankmanagers and other stakeholders in the banking sector regarding internalcontrol weakness experiences over the years.
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Le, Thi Thu Ha, and Thanh Thuy Pham. "Assessment of the quality of the audits of Vietnamese commercial banks financial statements." Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), no. 3 (March 1, 2021): 232–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2103-06.
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The aim of the research is to assess the quality of the audits of Vietnamese commercial banks’ fi nancial statements in recent years. Two audit quality indicators are used in the assessment: fi rstly, the quality of the audit reports and the audited fi nancial statements; and secondly, the quality of the factors aff ecting audit quality. One of the factors aff ecting audit quality the characteristic of audit organizations such as the scale of the organizations, the level of knowledge in the fi eld of banking audit, Qualifi cations and experience of auditors, Independence of the auditor and the audit organization, Cost of the audit, Audit procedures, Audit quality control. Other factors are quality control of audit of fi nancial statement of commercial banks; communication between banking supervisors; legislative base (system of accounting standards, standards on auditing); and the eff ectiveness of the internal control system (ICS) of commercial banks. To study and assess the quality of the audits of commercial banks’ fi nancial statements, the authors conducted questionnaires, interviews on audit and study of audited accounting (fi nancial) statements. The result of the research indicates that the audits of Vietnamese commercial banks’ fi nancial statements have basically met the quality required by the current auditing standards. However, there are still some shortcomings in audit methodology and procedures, audit reports and audited fi nancial statements. The authors also suggest some measures to the audit fi rms and government bodies to improve the audit quality.
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AlHaliq, Hani A., and Ahmad A. AlMuhirat. "Customer Satisfaction with Electronic Banking Services in the Saudi Banking Sector." Asian Social Science 12, no. 5 (2016): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n5p139.
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<p class="a">This research aims to examine the extent of customer satisfaction with electronic banking (e-banking) services in the Saudi banking sector and to address issues with quality of services by focusing on the following: (i) ease of use; (ii) information security and reliability and its role in influencing customer adoption of electronic services; (iii) the mechanisms of monitoring and control over these services. The research employed analytic and descriptive methodology, collecting primary data through a survey. It examined various aspects of electronic services provided by banks in Saudi Arabia to shed more light on these services and customer expectations, while also taking into account modern studies in this field as secondary data. The results show that Saudi banks have succeeded in attaining significant customer satisfaction by improving their electronic services, facilitating electronic transactions, improving processing performance and enhancing the specifications of electronic services. In addition, they have achieved effective communication with their customers as well as the speed of applications. However, there is an absence of awareness and guidance for customers about the e-banking system. The results of this research lead to some recommendations for improving the electronic services provided by banks in Saudi Arabia to enhance customer satisfaction.</p>
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Ben Saada, Moufida. "The impact of control quality on the non-performing loans of Tunisian listed banks." Managerial Auditing Journal 33, no. 1 (2018): 2–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-01-2017-1506.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore the extent to which the control quality impacts non performing loans (NPLs) of Tunisian listed banks by integrating the guidelines of Circular No. 2011-06 issued on 20 May 2011 by Tunisian Central Bank. Design/methodology/approach Regressions using panel data are applied on a sample of 11 listed banks during the period from 2010 to 2015. Findings The results show that the presence of foreign directors on the Tunisian bank board affects credit risk. These administrators, with knowledge, independence and technology transfer, exercise more control than institutional administrators or state representatives. The risk committee is more effective than the other committees (audit committee and credit committee) in reducing non-performing loans. The role played by this body is the most important. Practical implications Testing empirically the impact of control quality on NPL by integrating the guidelines of the Central Bank leads to a better evaluation of reforms’ application and effective measures to strengthen the banking governance practices. Originality value By exploring the application of the Central Bank’s guidelines for strengthening post-revolutionary banking governance practices, it becomes easy to assess the extent of the Circular No. 2011-06 by accounting practitioners, auditors and authority bodies to give the necessary recommendations for further reforms.
9
Olannye, A. P., S. E. Dedekuma, and E. H. Ndugbe. "Enhancing Customer Retention through Electronic Service Delivery Channels in the Nigerian Banking Industry." International Journal of Business Administration 8, no. 5 (2017): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijba.v8n5p57.
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Successful customer retention consists of more than just giving the customer what they expect. Electronic service delivery channels have become a means through which banks achieve their objectives of business renewal and providing effective and efficient services. The main objective of this study is to examine the effect of electronic service delivery channels on customer retention in the Nigerian banking industry. The study made use of a sample of 235 employees from some selected banks in Asaba Metropolis in Delta State, Nigeria. Cross sectional survey research design method was adopted, and the statistical tools used comprised simple percentage, correlation and multiple regression analysis. Findings showed that point of sales service exhibited the relatively highest positive effect on customer retention. It was also revealed that online banking service, point of sales service and mobile banking have significant relationships with customer retention. The study concluded that the demand for POS technology seems currently high, however banks are now taping into this opportunity by making POS available at all times, so as to reduce queuing time in the bank and give customers convenience and control. It is therefore recommended that banks should collaborate with internet service providers because it will enable banks to better control quality of service as well as enhance user’s accessibility.
10
van Deventer, Marko, Natasha de Klerk, and Ayesha Bevan-Dye. "Antecedents of attitudes towards and usage behavior of mobile banking amongst Generation Y students." Banks and Bank Systems 12, no. 2 (2017): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.12(2).2017.08.
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Despite the benefits that mobile banking has to offer, coupled with positive mobile penetration rates, the use of mobile devices to perform banking transactions and access financial information is not as widespread as expected. The significantly sized Generation Y cohort is a rewarding market segment for retail banks. In South Africa, however, this cohort’s mobile banking adoption is largely under-researched. Understanding the antecedents that positively influence Generation Y students’ attitudes towards and usage behavior of mobile banking will assist retail banks in their efforts to tailor their business and marketing strategies effectively towards this cohort, and in doing so, foster increased acceptance of their mobile channels. As such, the purpose of this study was to extend the technology acceptance model (TAM) and determine the influence of perceived ease of use, relative advantage, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived integrity and the perceived system quality of mobile banking on South African Generation Y students’ attitudes towards and usage behavior of mobile banking. Following a descriptive research design, self-administered questionnaires were completed by a non-probability convenience sample of 334 students registered at the campuses of three registered public South African universities located in the Gauteng province. Data analysis included correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that while perceived ease of use, perceived integrity and the perceived system quality predict Generation Y students’ mobile banking usage behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and the perceived relative advantage of mobile banking predict attitudes towards mobile banking, which, in turn, predict their mobile banking usage behavior.
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Žuk-Butkuvienė, Aleksandra, Dalia Vaitulevičienė, and Julija Staroselskaja. "CAPITAL ADEQUACY (SOLVENCY) AND LIQUIDITY RISK MANAGEMENT: ANALYSIS, EVALUATION, AND POSSIBILITIES FOR IMPROVEMENT." Ekonomika 93, no. 2 (2014): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/ekon.2014.2.3546.
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Abstract. The main purpose of the present research is to analyse the supervision, capital adequacy (solvency) and liquidity prudential norms, limits and requirements of commercial banks operating in Lithuania, as well as to assess the quality of capital adequacy and liquidity risk management impact on the banking industry.The paper consists of two main parts: the analysis of literature and legislation, and the research, its results, recommendations, and conclusions. The first part reviews the theoretical analysis of the level of banking supervision and capital adequacy, liquidity prudential standards value. The authors have examined the banks’ supervising authorities and the regulation of their activities. There were are presented prudential standards of capital adequacy and liquidity for banks operating in Lithuania, their values’change after the Basel III reforms, and the scientific opinion about their development and tightening standards.The authors have carried out a study of the analysis of capital adequacy and liquidity prudential requirements, their evaluation and possibilities for improvement in banks operating in Lithuania. The analysis consists of the assessment of assets and liabilities of banks ensuring the prudential standards depending on the type of risk. The research revealed that the most important in banks’ capital adequacy and liquidity risk management is quality control and the harmonization of bank assets and liabilities. Besides, it is offered to review the calculation of requirements and procedures, to impose additional limits to ensure the basic standards and an efficient banking security.Key words: commercial banks, supervision, liquidity and capital adequacy (solvency) rates, qualitative and quantitative analysis, evaluation
12
Liu, Yi-Cheng, Wen Yang, Shin-Ying Mai, and Chao-Cheng Mai. "Explaining Bank Efficiency Differences Between China and Taiwan by Meta-Frontier Cost Function." Review of Pacific Basin Financial Markets and Policies 15, no. 04 (2012): 1250024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219091512500245.
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The purpose of this paper is to employ the Meta-Frontier Cost Function to compare the efficiencies of banks in China and Taiwan over the period 2003–2009. Different from previous literature using loans and securities as the output variables in evaluating banking efficiency, we propose two new variables: interest income on loans and nonperforming loans, to identify whether the banks are both cost and profit efficient and to control the quality of loans. Evidence is found that the average cost efficiency of China's banks leads the Taiwanese banks with a significant gap. Some policy implications are provided accordingly.
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Ozili, Peterson K. "Banking stability determinants in Africa." International Journal of Managerial Finance 14, no. 4 (2018): 462–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-01-2018-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the determinants of banking stability in Africa. Design/methodology/approach The authors present four measures of banking stability embedding banks’ loan loss coverage ratio, insolvency risk, asset quality ratio, and level of financial development, thereby allowing analysis of banking stability determinants from four complementary perspectives: protection for downside credit losses, distress arising from insolvency risk, non-performing loans, and financial development. The authors use the regression methodology to estimate the impact of financial structure, institutional, bank-level factors on bank stability. Findings The findings indicate that banking efficiency, foreign bank presence, banking concentration, size of banking sector, government effectiveness, political stability, regulatory quality, investor protection, corruption control and unemployment levels are significant determinant of banking stability in Africa and the significance of each determinant depends on the banking stability proxy employed and depends on the period of analysis: pre-crisis, during-crisis or post-crisis. Practical implications Banking supervisors in African countries should consider the role of financial structure and institutional quality for banking stability in the African region. Originality/value This study is the first to examine banking stability determinants in Africa that takes into account institutional quality and financial structure.
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Kamran, Hafiz Waqas, Shamsul Bahrain bin Mohamed Arshad, and Abdelnaser Omran. "Country Governance, Market Concentration and Financial Market Dynamics for Banks Stability in Pakistan." Research in World Economy 10, no. 2 (2019): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/rwe.v10n2p136.
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Considering the country governance, market concentration and financial market dynamics are key explanatory indicators, this study has examined the stability trends in commercial banks of Pakistan. Overall sample of 28 banks is considered, adding both conventional and Islamic banks into consideration for the panel regression models like fixed effect and random effect. Findings for overall sample indicates that both stability measures in the form of z-score ROA and ROE are significantly and negatively affected by poor control over corruption, regulatory quality, market concentration, financial market development and increasing non-performing loans. For conventional banking, key determinants of financial stability are control over corruption, political instability, market structure and credit risk. For Islamic banking firms, corruption and government effectiveness, capital adequacy ratio, market structure and financial market development are significant determinants, affecting Z measures of stability. However, through lending interest rate, we do not find any significant relationship with both stability measures. Study findings are very useful for country officials, risk officers, and other stakeholders in financial markets who want to explore the relationship between country governance and financial market dynamics in the economy of Pakistan. In addition, study has experienced various limitations like non-consideration of bank-based and macroeconomic risk factors, international trends in banking and their influence on domestic banks of Pakistan, which could be reconsidered in coming research.
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Guia, Leandro Dias, and José Alves Dantas. "Value relevance of deferred tax assets in the Brazilian banking industry." Revista Contabilidade & Finanças 31, no. 82 (2020): 33–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-057x201808060.
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ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the informational relevance to the capital market of the significant level of deferred tax assets (DTAs) in the Brazilian banking industry, identifying whether such assets influence the market value of publicly-held banks. The value relevance of DTAs in the banking industry is an incipient topic in the national literature, with conflicting results in the international research. Brazil presents characteristics, most notably regarding the dimension of the asymmetries between accounting and taxable profit, which justify concern about the effects of DTAs on the market value of banks. The literature highlights issues involving DTAs related to their ability to generate economic benefits and control of the entity, especially in the banking industry, due to not fulfilling the role of financial intermediation, which would make them devoid of economic substance. This would signal potential bank risks and weaknesses, such as a reduction in the quality of equity and profits, in addition to distortions in the economic-financial indicators, which would justify a negative perception on the part of investors. As the study’s main contribution to the literature, we can highlight the identification that in the Brazilian market, the asymmetries between banks’ taxable and corporate earnings, the origin of deferred tax assets, weigh negatively on the market value of these institutions. We empirically tested the hypothesis in the Brazilian capital market, using data from 2000 to 2017 on publicly-held banks, by estimating two models - Market-to-Book and Ohlson (1995). The results of this study show that in the Brazilian capital market there is a negative relationship between the volume of the banks’ DTAs and the market value of these entities, corroborating the hypothesis that investors identify the relevance of these assets in the equity structure as a sign of the quality of the equity and the profit of these entities being undermined.
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Baradwaj, Babu G., Yingying Shao, and Michaël Dewally. "Institutions, capital control, and liquidity creation." Journal of Financial Economic Policy 8, no. 3 (2016): 396–422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-11-2015-0073.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to conduct an empirical investigation on how country-specific characteristics such as the quality of the institutional environment and the restrictiveness of capital control policy affect domestic financial sector’s ability to provide liquidity to the economy. Design/methodology/approach This study uses panel regressions on international banking data across 102 countries from Bankscope. Findings The results show that strong institutions and looser capital control in a country enhance the banks’ role as the liquidity provider to the economy. The study also finds that institutional quality and capital control have a dynamic effect that influences the creation of liquidity. Better institutions benefit the creation of liquidity in either under normal economic conditions or during economic downturn. Loosened capital control, as a result of financial openness, facilitates liquidity creation under normal economic conditions. Originality/value This study complements the research on the role of country-level institutions in financial and economic development and suggests a liquidity channel through which a country’s institutions can further economic growth. The study also provides evidence on the impact of a country’s control of capital flows on the role of banking sector in domestic economy.
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Nzowa, Seule. "Customer Switching Intentions in Commercial Banks: A case of selected commercial banks in Dar es Salaam." CBR - Consumer Behavior Review 5, no. 3 (2021): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.51359/2526-7884.2021.250399.
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The negative consequences of customer switching behaviour in the banking industry cannot be underestimated. Since there are limited studies addressing customer switching intentions and actual switching behaviour in the banking sector of Tanzania, this study intended to bridge the knowledge gap by addressing factors influencing customer switching intentions in the context of Tanzanian commercial banks. The study followed a positivism research paradigm out of which a deductive research approach was adopted. In the same line, an explanatory research design was used. The study was conducted in the city of Dar es Salaam with 400 respondents who were customers from NMB Bank Plc, TPB Bank Plc and NBC Bank Ltd. Multi-stage sampling method was used to generate sample size for this study. Multiple linear regression was employed to analyze the collected data. The findings of Thé study indicated that subjective norms were insignificant in influencing customer switching intentions in commercial banks. These findings suggested that commercial banks customers in the city of Dar es Salaam are not under robust social pressure that requires a vital social group to approve their switching intentions. Further findings revealed that perceived control of bank charges, attitude toward service quality and convenience significantly influenced customer switching intentions in commercial banks.
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Ikramina, Cyntia, and Puji Sucia Sukmaningrum. "MACROECONOMIC FACTORS ON NON-PERFORMING FINANCING IN INDONESIAN ISLAMIC BANK: ERROR CORRECTION MODEL APPROACH." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis Islam (Journal of Islamic Economics and Business) 7, no. 1 (2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/jebis.v7i1.23647.
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Non-performing Financing (NPF) is a ratio to measure the non-performing finance level in Islamic banks and one indicator of Islamic banking's health. The higher NPF indicates the quality of the bank's financing was terrible. This study aims to determine several macroeconomic factors on the NPF ratio in Islamic commercial banks in Indonesia. This study applies Error Correction Model (ECM) with saturated sample methods. Sources of data from the official websites of the Financial Authority Services (OJK), Bank Indonesia (BI), and Indonesia Statistics Bureau (BPS). The sample used was Islamic commercial banks in all periods starting from January 2014 to February 2020 published in Islamic banking statistics. There are 74 Islamic commercial banks as observations. The results of this study are pretty surprising. In the short term, macroeconomic variables influence the NPF ratio in Islamic banks, while only inflation affects the NPF for a long time. The government needs to be more able to control when giving policies to increase inflation due to the impact of problematic Financing in Islamic banking. If it occurs continuously, the bank will threaten with bankruptcy. For the Islamic banking industry, we hoped that it could be wiser in placing the liquidity owned, especially when it comes to giving the financing, must carefully look at the customer's portfolio. This study provides comprehensive information on the macroeconomic impact on non-performing financing, specifically on Islamic banks in Indonesia.
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Kamarudin, Fakarudin, Fadzlan Sufian, and Annuar Md. Nassir. "Does country governance foster revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks in GCC countries?" EuroMed Journal of Business 11, no. 2 (2016): 181–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/emjb-06-2015-0026.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide new empirical evidence on the impact of country governance on the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks. The empirical analysis is confined to Islamic and conventional banks operating in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries banking sectors during the period of 2007-2011. Design/methodology/approach – The analysis comprises two main stages. In the first stage, the authors employ the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to compute the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks. The authors then used the multivariate panel regression analysis with the ordinary least square and generalized method of moments as an estimation method to investigate the potential determinants and the effect of country governance on the revenue efficiency. Findings – The empirical findings indicate that greater voice and accountability, government effectiveness, and rule of law enhance the revenue efficiency of both Islamic and conventional banks. The authors find that regulatory quality exerts positive influence on Islamic banks, while the impact of political stability and control of corruption enhances the revenue efficiency of conventional banks. Originality/value – The study on the specific revenue efficiency concept of Islamic and conventional banking is still in its formative stage. In regards, majority of the studies that examined the effect of governance on bank efficiency have focused more on the corporate or bank governance that affects the governance within the institution. Thus, to the best of the knowledge, no study has been done to address the effect of country governance on the revenue efficiency of Islamic and conventional banks specifically on the GCC countries.
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Chatterjee, Debmallya, and Amol S. Dhaigude. "Calibrating the factors of management quality in banking performance: a mixed method approach." Measuring Business Excellence 22, no. 3 (2018): 242–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbe-08-2017-0052.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore and model the factors of management quality dimension (FMQD) in evaluating banking performance. Design/methodology/approach The FMQD in evaluating banking performance are explored through the review of literature. The identified factors are modeled using integrated fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) and Matrices’ Impacts Croise’s Multiplication Appliquée a UN Classement (MICMAC) approach. Scenario analysis is carried out on the proposed model to study the behavior in a dynamic setting. Findings The main finding of this study is the prioritization of FMQD in evaluating banking performance. The cohesive model obtained by FCM-MICMAC integrated approach demonstrates that the interlinked factors can be grouped into independent, autonomous, dependent and relay clusters. The results suggest that internal control system is the most influential factor, whereas the business per employee is the most sensitive one in modeling management quality. Research limitations/implications This study models the FMQD through expert opinions, and hence, individual bias may influence the results. This study can be further validated through statistical analysis. Practical implications The study suggests that practitioners may focus more on these select factors and their mutual interactions to enhance management quality for improving the performance of the banks. The study emphasizes that better clarity and efficient designing of internal processes are the key to management soundness. Originality/value This is the first study to explore and model FMQD in banking performance using FCM-MICMAC approach. Validation of the proposed model in a dynamic setting is also relatively new in the banking performance literature.
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Kusuma, Hadri, and Hanifah Dina Zain. "Corporate governance and discretionary accruals: Evidence from Indonesian Islamic banks." Corporate Ownership and Control 14, no. 3 (2017): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv14i3c1art11.
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The objective of this study is to investigate the effect of the corporate governance on the discretionary accruals. The study of the corporate governance structure in the banking sectors is an important component within the enhancement of banks’ efficiency and performance. While prior studies employed corporate governance dimensions as variable proxies, this study uses a single proxy: corporate governance efficiency. The measurement of the corporate governance efficiency employed the Data Envelopment Analysis with the help of the EMS software. Using purposive sampling, the data were extracted from the financial statements and annual reports of the Islamic banks. The regression using panel data was employed to analyze the relationship between the efficiency and bank’ discretionary accruals. The main findings show that the corporate governance efficiency significantly correlated to the Islamic bank’ discretionary accruals, implying that good corporate governance can minimize earning management and therefore improve earning quality. The efficiency level of the corporate governance also improved significantly during the research period. Additional results indicated that the control variables of risk and gender board of director were not significant, but the percentage gender board and board size significantly influenced the discretionary accruals. The results of this study draw some implications that help academicians, banks and investors of the banking sector.
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Mwichigi, Gabriel Njuguna, and Gerald Atheru. "INTERNAL CONTROLS AND CREDIT RISK IN COMMERCIAL BANKS LISTED AT NAIROBI SECURITIES EXCHANGE, KENYA." International Journal of Finance and Accounting 4, no. 1 (2019): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/ijfa.883.
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Purpose: The general objective of this research was to examine the internal controls and credit risk in commercial banks listed in Nairobi Securities Exchange, Kenya.
 Methodology: The cross sectional descriptive research design was used since it helps in establishing the association between constructs at a given point in time. The study conducted a census of the 11 banks trading at the Kenya securities market since the target population was accessible and easily manageable. The target respondents were the risk managers, compliance and monitoring managers, internal auditors and credit managers of all these commercial banks, all located in Nairobi. Data was collected from primary sources; the data collection tool being a questionnaire which contained questions structured in a five-point Likert scale thus ensured that all the respondents got exactly the same questions. Descriptive and inferential statistics was applied for analysis of data using the SPSS software. The findings were demonstrated using graphs and tables.
 Results: All the dimensions of internal controls studied, that is, the risk assessment, control environment, control activities and information and commutation were found to have a significant influence on credit risk of the banks.
 Recommendations: There is need for the management, policy makers and all banking industry players of commercial banks to institute structures that promote devotion to integrity and ethical conducts, demonstrate authority and responsibility to enhance adequacy of banking activities. The banks’ board of directors and the administration team should implement oversight responsibilities, demonstrating commitment to competence and enforcing accountability. Further, adherence to the set policies should be followed in all the financial institutions to enhance realization of banks’ objectives. Further, the study recommends that every bank in Kenya should have proper quality control structures, effective audit programs and monitoring activities. Since the CBK regulates the commercial banks, it should ensure that every bank set correct internal checks guidelines and observes their sufficiency and usefulness. The study recommends that the credit policy and other guidelines be easily accessible to all lending officers; any updates or changes to the policy be communicated immediately so as to minimize credit risk exposed to the banks.
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Rasyid, Rosmita. "PENGARUH KINERJA BANK ATAS DANA PIHAK KETIGA." Jurnal Muara Ilmu Ekonomi dan Bisnis 1, no. 2 (2017): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmieb.v1i2.956.
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Bank capital structure comes more from the third party fund than banking owner. Banking customers is almost impossible to control the actions of managers in the distributions of funds. Control of banking operations regulated by several provisions made by monetary authorities. Banking customers can monitor the progress by viewing the performance of the bank. The purpose of this study is to see how the performance of the bank influent the third party fund. Bank performance variables are NPL (Non Performing Loan), NIM (Net Interest Margin) dan LDR (Loan to Deposit Ratio) dan third party fund variables are Savings and Deposits. This study uses data that is state-owned bank in Indonesia in 2003-2012.The data were analyzed by EVIEWS program. The results showed that NPL does not significantly influence the placement of customers funds, but, NIM have positive affect and LDR have negative affect. The results of this study are expected to contribute for the customers in deciding the placement of funds in the bank and for the IAI compartments and OJK to set accounting standards to improve the quality of reporting banks
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Velez, Sophia Beckett. "Idiosyncratic Viral Loss Theory: Systemic Operational Losses in Banks." Journal of Risk and Financial Management 14, no. 2 (2021): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jrfm14020082.
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Basel III regulation intent is to increase the resiliency of banks through effective risk management practices that can reduce significant idiosyncratic operational losses. A systemic risk event that leads to significant losses in a bank holding company (BHC) can expose them to become insolvent and cause significant volatility and unpredictable negative impact on the United States economy. The viral spread of operational losses through global markets by interconnected multinational banks can be compared to viruses spread through interconnected countries and the significant losses incurred; this can be referred to as idiosyncratic viral loss theory. This idiosyncratic viral loss theory discusses systemic operational losses that are evident in human error, fraud, and legal expenses that are aligned to systemic operational risk. The occurrences of significant losses that are idiosyncratic in nature and that are linked to failed internal processes, people, systems, and external events are defined by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision as operational risk losses; these losses’ idiosyncratic nature makes them comparable to viruses. This study employs the Compliance and Ethics Group’s (OCEG’s) standard that integrates governance, risk management, internal control, assurance, and compliance (GRC capability model) into one functional goal to improve quality and principled performance through measurable tools that may enhance effectiveness and efficiency practices. This study concerns senior manager activities that can be effective towards meeting effective risk management practices posed by the Basel III regulation for BHCs, which may reduce the spread of significant losses in the banks. Through the use of a qualitative e-Delphi study, 10 banking finance experts were convened to build consensus on effective risk management practices. Data were collected from three electronic questionnaires submitted through Qualtrics. Data were analyzed using theoretical triangulation, coding, and thematic analysis. Four important considerations were identified that could bolster effective risk management practices: (a) a comprehensive enterprise-wide risk; (b) controlling fraud; (c) going beyond the minimum risk assessment requirements set forth by the banking regulators; (d) independent risk identification and management. These considerations towards effective risk management practices may help reduce systemic operational losses viral spread in banks.
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Suzuki, Yasushi, and A. K. M. Kamrul Hasan. "An Analysis of Codified Corporate Governance Practices in the Banking Industry: The Case Study of Bangladesh." e-Finanse 14, no. 3 (2018): 60–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fiqf-2018-0020.
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AbstractIntroducing a well-designed system of corporate governance is considered an effective tool to ensure the stability and resilience of a banking system. It was in 2006 when Bangladesh initiated its first corporate governance code (CG code). Despite trying to meet the code of enhancing the internal monitoring mechanisms and transparency in governance, it is apparent that the quality in bank credit portfolios continuously deteriorated. This paper aims to empirically analyze the impact of adopting the CG code on performance for eight years (2010–2017) of 21 major commercial banks of Bangladesh. In this case study, we suggest that the CG code may have given the Bangladeshi commercial banks an ill-incentive for the reduction of executive directors under the pressure of meeting a guideline to increase the ratio of independent directors. This incentive structure had a negative impact on bank performance during the period. Another finding is that the fundamental structure of ownership and control by sponsor directors remained unchanged during the period. This structure of maintaining the control of power by a group with its vested interest may have hindered the effectiveness of the CG code in Bangladesh. We suggest that the agenda of CG practices should go together with a policy for mitigating a potential bias under the ownership concentration because any attempt of adopting codified CG practices would be futile under the fundamental structure in Bangladesh.
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Abdul Rahim, Noor Fareen, Hasnah Haron, and Siti Rohaida Mohamed Zainal. "Perceived Operational Risk Management and Customer Complaints in Malaysian Conventional Banking Industry." Advanced Science Letters 21, no. 4 (2015): 745–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2015.5936.
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The management of operational risk is not a new practice; it has always been important for banks to try to prevent fraud, and reduce errors in transaction processing in order to preserve the best quality services for their customers, and also to reduce huge losses. Ignoring the errors and operational risk will lead to customer complaints, losing potential and remaining customers and will jeopardize the bank sustainability in the long run. Thus the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between perceived operational risk management and customer complaints. Resource Base theory is use in examining the relationships between perceived operational risk management and customer complaints. The survey questionnaires were emailed to branch managers and assistant managers of 650 local commercial bank branches across Malaysia and 132 fully completed survey questionnaires were received. Data was analyzed using multiple regressions. The study found that the banks have perceived operational risk management with a mean of 4.56, and can be concluded as very important in bank branches across Malaysia. As for the relationship of perceived operational risk management to customer complaints, it was found that the practice of hazard identification and formulation of implementation of risk control has a significant negative relationship to customer complaints as hypothesized. From the present study, management can formulate policies or strategies that can be used to mitigate risk in the bank and to enhance customer satisfaction in terms of services rendered by the tellers.
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GUDZENKO, Nataliya, Natalia KOVAL, and Tetiana KORPANIUK. "ACCOUNTING PROCEDURES FOR REORGANIZATION OF BANKING INSTITUTIONS." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 1 (41) (January 2019): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-1-10.
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The domestic banking sector should become one of the main driving forces of the structural reorganization of the industrial and agricultural sectors. To implement this objective, it is necessary to develop a powerful banking system based on stable banking institutions. In such conditions, the ability to manage the financial stability of banking institutions, identify signs of instability and bankruptcy in a timely manner, and, if possible, try to neutralize or eliminate them is of great significance. The necessity of implement measures aimed to stabilize the banking system in conditions of the instability of the external environment is substantiated. Peculiarities of the reorganization of banking institutions as one of the effective measures intended to avoid bankruptcy and to stabilize the financial situation are revealed, attention is paid to the need to improve the solvency of domestic banks in the conditions of economic and political instability, as well as the global financial crisis. On the basis of statistical data, the analysis of the reasons for the reorganization and termination of the activity of banking institutions is carried out, the domestic banking market and the world tendencies are compared. According to the analysis of the unsatisfactory quality of banking assets, there have been identified 8 types of inadequate practices for portfolio management of loans and investments in bankrupt foreign banks, including liberalism in providing loans, significant shortcomings in financial reporting, excessive lending, incomplete documentation in the field of taxation. According to the results of the study, the possibilities of reorganization of the banking institution and termination of activity are summarized. In particular, preconditions for reorganization, purpose, and methodological principles of reorganization of commercial banks are highlighted. By its content, the form of reorganization can be unifying, distributive and reorganization can be performed through transformation. Unifying forms include mergers and acquisitions. The procedure of reorganization is complicated by the mechanism for implementation and reflection in accounting and depends on what conditions it will be implemented (what status will be obtained by the future financial and credit institution). In practice, there arises a problem of the complexity of combining the balances on the accounts of the legal predecessor and successor. To solve the problem, it is proposed to add additional records into the accounting registers and new subaccounts and analytical accounts for the accounting of assets and liabilities. The types of bankruptcy are characterized according to the classification criteria and their classification is specified in various aspects (legal, control, accounting) taking into account the requirements of accounting, analysis and preparation of the corresponding reporting. The legal aspect covers all proposed types of bankruptcy, since any type of bankruptcy concerns the rights and interests of legal entities and individuals. However, not all types of bankruptcy are inherent in the control or accounting aspects. The article substantiates the list of accounting objects for various types of reorganization (merger, transformation), since the procedure of reorganization includes transactions for the registration of successor companies); the attention is focused on the problems of displaying in the accounting of claim settlements and the need for their analytical detailing, which expands information capabilities of the register of creditors’ claims, increases the transparency of information for external users and reduces the risk of non-payment. A promising direction is the improvement of organization of management accounting using the system approach, so that accounting support for the process of reorganization should be considered together with the formation of the appropriate methodology, effective management and modern information technology. The accounting policy should ensure the possibility of formation of the accounting information for the forecast of risks and possible bankruptcy of the commercial bank.
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Khomovyi, S., N. Khomyak, N. Tomilova-Yaremchuk, and V. Litvinenko. "International methods of accounting and giving financial reporting to banking institutions." Ekonomìka ta upravlìnnâ APK, no. 2(159) (November 24, 2020): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33245/2310-9262-2020-159-2-115-123.
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The article analyzes the trends of annual increase in the number of countries that encourage the use of IFRS in their territories in different companies and in different spheres of activity. Developed system of IFRS implementation, their transparency and openness will further lead to a significant improvement in relations with investors and increase their confidence in banks. The comparison of the status of the IFRS use for organizations around the world has been conducted. The immediate connection between the effective activity of banking institutions in foreign countries and the introduction of IFRS has been demonstrated. The factors of proximity of countries to the political forces formed in IASB have been highlighted, and the indicators of probable national strategies of IFRS implementation in different countries of the world have been given. While Ukraine is one of the countries that has quite weak political influence on the management decisions of the IASC. It was found out that in Ukraine the process of harmonization of accounting with IFRS in the banking sector began in 1998, however they began to be considered as a subject of regulation only recently. Nowadays, IFRS is already the basis of UAS and other regulations, which indicates the effectiveness of the process of combining national characteristics of doing business in Ukraine with international ones. It has been established that an important factor in adjusting the Ukrainian banking accounting system is to provide real financial information about the true price of assets of the bank, their profitability, transparency of accounting activities, creating effective methodological and legal documents governing the accounting of financial instruments under international rules. The plans of bank accounts before and after the reform have been considered, their advantages and disadvantages have been outlined. In this research the general problems in banking institutions in the process of implementing international standards, as well as possible ways to solve them have been also analyzed. The process of monitoring the quality of financial reporting in banks is also important. The analysis of foreign systems of this process has shown that the most favorable for Ukrainian banks is the control structure used in Germany. Among the main risks of full implementation of IFRS in banking institutions of Ukraine, we have identified: 1) internal ‒ an increase in the number of users of financial information; content of corporate reporting (integrated, non-financial, management); corporate auditing policy; 2) external ‒ financial risks; the danger of rapid integration into international financial markets; interest rate risks. Key words: accounting, IFRS, banks, organization of accounting, chart of accounts, regulation of accounting standard, financial
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Tkachenko, Nataliia, and Myroslava Khutorna. "METHODOLOGY OF THE BANK’S BUSINESS STRATEGY FORMATION AND IMPLEMENTATION ON THE BASIS OF A VALUE-ORIENTED APPROACH." Scientific Notes of Ostroh Academy National University, "Economics" Series 1, no. 18(46) (2020): 90–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2311-5149-2020-18(46)-90-98.
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Introduction. At present, the use of strategic tools is no longer just a competitive advantage, but a prerequisite for the viability of any business model of the bank and to some extent may even be perceived as a compliance requirement. Regarding the latter, we mean radical changes in the requirements for the organization of the internal control system in the bank which now require banks to preventively react not only on the most expected threats and risks, but also those that could potentially occur because of the strategic plans of the banking institution. The aim. The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for forming and implementing the bank’s business strategy based on a value-oriented approach. Results. The transformation of the domestic banking sector through the prism of the determinant ‘financial stability’ has been stated. It is proved that the priority of ensuring financial stability in terms of forming business strategies of the bank is able to direct the logic of subjective thinking of individual banking institutions to achieve the optimum in relation to the quality of individual economic activity and the interests of society. We consider the transition to ‘integrated thinking’ in banking to be a fundamental prerequisite for the viability of banks’ business strategies in today’s conditions of economic transformation. The essence of the economic value of the bank’s activity and its interrelation with the market value of its business is structured. The expediency of implementing the ideas of the concept of sustainable development into the methodology of formation and implementation of business strategies of the bank as a worldview of modern banking is substantiated. Conclusions. Based on a comparative content analysis of value-oriented approaches to the formation of the bank’s business strategy and proved that the bank’s use of a multidimensional approach to the formation of its economic value in terms of business areas will encourage it to transform the business, and the formalized perimeter of bank responsibility banking, and ‘public’ license.
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Abu-Serdaneh, Jamal. "Bank loan-loss accounts, income smoothing, capital management, signaling and procyclicality." Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting 16, no. 4 (2018): 677–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfra-06-2016-0041.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate if Jordanian banks using provision accounts as a technique to smooth income, manage capital ratio, signal future earning and test other determinants affecting provision accounts. Design/methodology/approach The study was conducted on all Jordanian listed banks, and it covers the period 2005-2014. Different models are applied to test the dependent variables (loan loss provision [LLP] accounts) and its effects on different explanatory variables by using several statistical techniques (e.g. multiple regression). Findings The results show that there is no conclusive evidence supports that Jordanian banks used provision to smooth income, manage capital ratio or engage in pro-cyclical behavior. However, a positive and significant effect between one year ahead change in earnings and loan loss allowance, indicating that banks may use provisions to signal future positive changes in earnings. In addition, the results show that loan-to-asset ratio and beginning loan loss allowance have positive effect on provision accounts. Practical implications The results of this study are useful in assisting the regulators (e.g. US Securities and Exchange Commission, central bank) in efforts toward improving the quality of the reported financial reporting in the banking industry and focus on LLP management motivations. This study gives shareholders further insight which enables them to better understand the actions of managers and thus increase their control over their investments. Additionally, auditors should be aware of different incentives for using LLP as a tool of earnings management to be able to detect eventual manipulation of accounting earnings. Originality/value Banking in is one of the most stringently regulated of sectors and, furthermore, has a major impact on other sectors and on economic growth in general. In view of such importance, this study focuses on the banking industry and contributes to the literature in several ways. First, it represents the first known study, to the best of author knowledge, which examines if Jordanian banks use LLP accounts as a tool to smooth income and/or to manage capital. Second, unlike most existing research, which usually studies one aspect of LLP, this study focuses on four main motivations influencing provision accounts in the banks of Jordan. Third, additional tests were carried out to check the robustness of results, for example, sensitivity analysis is used to examine the change of findings by repeating of tests after using different proxies. Fourth, as a difference from other studies, this study investigates the effects of global financial crisis of 2008 on income smoothing behavior of Jordanian banking sector. Fifth, this paper provides a timely contribution to the continuous debate of the effect of LLP on earnings management in a poorly exploited setting, emerging market context.
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Shonhadji, Nanang. "What Most Influence on Non-Performing Loan in Indonesia? Bank Accounting Perspective with Mars Analysis." Journal of Accounting and Strategic Finance 3, no. 2 (2020): 136–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/jasf.v3i2.85.
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The research objective is to examine factors that affect non-performing loans at conventional private banks in Indonesia. These factors include growth in gross domestic product, interest rates, currency exchange rates, exports, credit growth, inflation, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and the capital adequacy ratio. The sample used in this study was conventional private banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange 2014-2019. Data analysis techniques using Multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS). The study results inform an influence between the predictor variables and the response variables based on functions in the model. The variables that affect non-performing loans are credit growth, exchange rates, inflation, capital adequacy ratio, return on asset, operating costs to operating income, and interest rates. In contrast, gross domestic product growth and export growth in this study do not affect non-performing loans in conventional private banks. The MARS model has informed that the most influential variable on non-performing loans is credit growth. Banking authorities need to control lending by applying credit risk management and regulating the quality of credit loans to contribute to the results in this study.
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Jumaa, Muhamad AbdulAziz Muhamad Saleh. "The Effect of Corporate Governance on Bank Performance Evidence From UAE." International Journal of Corporate Finance and Accounting 7, no. 1 (2020): 16–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcfa.2020010102.
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Banks in UAE vary in their sizes, growth, market share, levels of market competition, complexity of financial instruments, etc. that impact their profitability. This reflects their management activities and, more generally, the way they develop and implement banking strategies that ensure growth and value creation and balancing out interests of all stakeholders involved. The researcher has a desire to have an in-depth understanding of banks in UAE. Considering how the banks are risk tolerant, manage different operations and departments, formulate strategy, and incorporate appropriate corporate culture, the researcher attempted to know the effect of corporate governance on banks performance. The area of this research is not easy to find a comprehensive topic in, at least not in the Middle East. The motivation behind this paper is to explore the UAE national banks' practices of corporate governance. The researcher analyzed corporate governance framework in UAE banks to study whether it help develop a sustainable risk/reward strategy for the banking industry in UAE. In order to examine the relationship between corporate governance and performance in UAE banks, the researcher prepared a detailed questionnaire to and collected data from the respondent. The research hypothesis was there is no correlation between the indicators of CG and the indicators of profitability in UAE commercial banks for 2017. The importance of this study revolves around the fact that the relationship between stakeholders and return levels are highly related to the finance and banking sector, and governance structure of any bank is fundamental to its existence; therefore, the role of CG is of great importance, and conducting practices and processes and formulating appropriate actions that could adapt to any risk level and provide the right alternative set of actions is important. The researcher attempted to study and test the causes that CG has on the bank performance. This causal study type of research leads us to classify it mainly into the explanatory type. Even though there is a description at the beginning about CG and profitability of banks, the ultimate goal is to test the impact of CG on banks profitability. The researcher employed the CG Index, descriptive statistics, correlation matrix, and multivariate regression to analyze the relationship between CG implementation and UAE banks' performance and test the hypotheses. Findings of the study revealed that several banks in UAE handle CG in a “checklist” approach, different from other regions which apply governance into practice. CG also handles the non-financial aspects. An important CG model has been developed by COSO that helps banks achieve their performance objectives in a management-adjusted way. It is assumed under normal conditions that the CG enhances bank performance. However, this depends on the quality of corporate governance implemented. The variables taken into account that would have a positive effect on performance were all the control variables. The regression models that were used to test the hypotheses did not support it. The effect of CG indexes showed that CG does not automatically result in better performance. Validity tests showed that model has to be improved, considering some moderate evidence on ROE. Forty percent of the variation in the ROE and a small amount of variation in ROA and PM are explained by the predictor variables used. An important CG model has been developed by COSO that helps banks achieve their performance objectives in a management-adjusted way. It is assumed under normal conditions that the CG enhances bank performance.
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Sadykov, M. A. "Protection of Clients’ Rights in the Microcredit Process." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 91, no. 4 (2020): 170–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2020.4.16.
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The author has analyzed the role and significance of overdraft for microcredit of the needs of the poor in the conditions of economic crisis and low wages. The positive and negative aspects of overdraft in the context of integration of the country’s financial system into the world community have been clarified. Inconsistency of normative provisions of legislative acts reduces the efficiency of the banking sector of the economy. Bank managers resort to abuse, do not fully explain the terms of microcredit, and do not create conditions for the management of balances and control over them. Customer complaints are considered formally, without their participation. Using the trust of the client, bank managers offer a variety of services in order to receive commissions. The business reputation of a bank employee depends on the amount and amount of funds attracted by the client, but not on the quality of services. It has been offered to strengthen state control over the activities of the banking sector, as well as to increase the legal awareness of young people in the process of using financial services of foreign and domestic banks and credit institutions.
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Fettry, Sylvia, Hamfri Djajadikerta, and Gery Raphael Lusanjaya. "Accelerating Transformation Program in Indonesian Regional Development Banks: The Importance of High-Quality Information." Journal of Accounting Research, Organization and Economics 1, no. 1 (2018): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jaroe.v1i1.10847.
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Objective – The role of Indonesia Regional Development Bank (RDB) as an agent of development in each specific operational area is expected to give a significant contribution to regional economics. The Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB started since 2015 is created to optimize the RDB’s role. This study is aimed to gain some description about the level of information quality in Indonesian RDB, to obtain real situation on the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB, and to test whether the high-quality information will accelerate the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB.Design/methodology – The study was conducted using data from the annual report of Indonesian RDBs and additional in-depth interview with RDB practitioners. The technique of purposive sampling is used in this study with the data availability criteria. The statistic analysis uses multiple regression with t-test and F-test to test the influence of information quality and some control variables on the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB. Results – The Indonesian RDBs’ quality of information still cannot be perceived at a high level. The implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDBs has already run in the first phase of foundation building with various obstacles. The high-quality information produced by financial reporting of RDB is proven can accelerate the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDBs. Research limitations/implications – The theoretical contribution of this study is giving empirical evidence that the information quality accelerates the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB. The managerial implication is that Indonesian RDBs must improve their financial reporting system and create some innovations for the successful Transformation Program. The main limitation of this research is the limited scope of study. It is recommended to make further relevant research on the same issue in a wider context to get more enriched findings.Novelty/Originality – The area of implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDBs has been insufficiently examined currently. Thus, this study contributes to this area by examining whether high-quality information produced by financial reporting will accelerate the implementation of Transformation Program in Indonesian RDB.Keywords Information Quality, Financial Reporting, Banking Transformation.
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Kautsar, Muhammad Haikal, and Isfenti Sadalia. "Analisis Technical Efficiency Bank Umum Syariah Dengan Metode Stochastic Frontier Analysis." Talenta Conference Series: Local Wisdom, Social, and Arts (LWSA) 1, no. 2 (2018): 367–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/lwsa.v1i2.209.
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Pertumbuhan yang pesat dari industri perbankan syariah mendorong adanya peningkatan kualitas seiring bertambahnya kuantitas bank syariah di Indonesia. Penjagaan kualitas penting bagi bank syariah karena bergerak atas landasan kepercayaan. Efisiensi merupakan salah satu parameter untuk mengukur kinerja bank syariah. Penelitian ini mengukur tingkat Technical Efficiency Bank Umum Syariah dengan metode Stochastic Frontier Analysis selama periode 2010-2015. Dengan menggunakan 11 sampel Bank Umum Syariah dan Variabel Input Total Simpanan, Biaya Operasional, Biaya Operasional Lainnya. Variabel Output yaitu Total Pembiayaan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan Bahwa Total Simpanan dan Biaya Operasional berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap Total Pembiayaan. Sementara, Biaya Operasional Lainnya berpengaruh negatif terhadap Total Pembiayaaan. Secara rerata skor Technical Efficiency Bank Umum Syariah selama periode observasi sebesar 0,743.
 The rapid growth of sharia banking industry boosts the quality improvement as the increase of sharia banking quantity in Indonesia. The quality control is important for sharia banks since they move based on society trust. Efficiency is one of the parameters to measure sharia banking performance. This research measured the technical efficiency level of Sharia Commercial Bank (Bank UmumSyariah) using Stochastic Frontier Analysis method for 2010-2015 periods. By using 11 Sharia Commercial Bank samples and total deposits input variable, operating cost, and other operating costs. The output variable was total financing. The result of this research showed that the total deposits and operating cost had positive and significant effects on total financing. On the other hand, the other operating costs had negative effects on total financing. In average, the technical efficiency of Sharia Commercial Bank during the observation period was 0.743
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Bezdelov, A., and E. Loginova. "Innovative Forms of Management and Cybersecurity of Cashless Payments in the Context of Digitalization of the Banking Ecosystem." Scientific Research and Development. Economics of the Firm 9, no. 3 (2020): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2306-627x-2020-25-31.
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Changing behavioral skills of consumer financial services and the growing competitive pressure of startups are destroying traditional business models and prompting the creation of new strategies. For this reason, banks and other regulated financial intermediaries strive to quickly master developments in the field of financial technologies and change the formats of customer service, taking into account the capabilities of their budgets. The existing methods of making cross-border transfers and non-cash payments using their traditional forms, as well as new-generation digital financial instruments, are not supported by a high-quality regulatory framework. In this regard, it is important to study the stages of transformation of forms of interaction between participants of non-cash payments under the influence of the scientific and technical process, a comparative analysis of modern methods of international payments, and justification of mechanisms for integrating digital financial instruments based on distributed Ledger technology into cross-border settlement and payment operations. We also analyzed internal Bank programs for organizing internal control and managing Bank risks, using the example of Sberbank. The results of the study of these problems are reflected in this article.
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Ani, Vincent Anayochukwu. "Simulation and Optimization of Photovoltaic/Diesel Hybrid System for Off-Grid Banking Industry." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 3, no. 2 (2014): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2014040102.
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Power supply is one of the major problems of the banking industry of many emerging economies, such as Nigeria, particularly as the banks strive to modernize and offer quality services, such as electronic banking. This paper proposed a PV/Diesel hybrid power generation system suitable for banking. The study is based on simulation and optimization of hybrid system of a bank located in two different locations [Nsukka (Enugu State – which covers the southern part of the nation) and Kaura (Kaduna State – covering the northern part of the nation)]. The Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric Renewables (HOMER) software was used for the design of the proposed stand-alone PV/Diesel power system. A control system for the Hybrid PV-Diesel Energy System with Battery Storage was developed to coordinate when power should be generated by PV panels and when it should be generated by diesel generator. From the simulation results, 46% decrease in each pollutant is noticed in Nsukka for a 46% renewable penetration into the existing diesel only power system; while in Kaura, 55% decrease in each pollutant is noticed for a 55% renewable penetration into the existing diesel only power system. This shows that the more % of renewable penetration into the diesel only system, the more decrease in pollutant emission. The results also show that the two locations (Nsukka and Kaura) have the same excess electricity of 45kWh/yr showing that the system is optimally sized. This excess electricity of power supply is guaranteed in the location simulated in order to give room for future Bank expansion. This may also be applied to other regions of the country.
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Mazo, Guilherme dos Santos. "Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho: o Ambiente Bancário." Revista de Ciências Gerenciais 24, no. 39 (2020): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6571.2020v24n39p51-58.
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ResumoA Qualidade de Vida no Trabalho (QVT) tem ganhado importância no ambiente empresarial, visto a necessidade de cuidar da saúde e do bem-estar dos colaboradores em suas atividades laborais. No Brasil, o tema tem se tornado de grande significância, e despertado o interesse dos empresários e gestores. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar as consequências da gestão bancária, baseada na aplicação da QVT e, para isso, foi realizado um levantamento teórico dos aspectos do trabalho que ocasionam problemas e, também, as atitudes que as empresas adotam para contornar a situação. Em função de inúmeras transformações, que acontecem frequentemente, as organizações têm vivenciado constantemente mudanças tecnológicas e econômicas dentro de um mercado extremamente competitivo e as condições de trabalho no ramo bancário repercutiram fortemente na saúde dos trabalhadores do setor. O trabalho ficou marcado como fonte de sofrimento e descontentamento, que levou a situações extremas de estresse. A sobrecarga de trabalho, falta de controle, recompensas insuficientes, falta de coletividade, falta de justiça e conflitos de valores são fatores de desajustes que levam ao estresse no ambiente de trabalho, podendo chegar ao Burnout. A sobrecarga de trabalho também pode ocasionar LER/DORT. Programas de GL e massagem, que muitas organizações adotam, ajudam na prevenção, combate e solução dos problemas gerados pelo trabalho. As políticas de Gestão de Pessoas dos bancos estão sendo voltadas, cada vez mais, para aspetos que envolvam a qualidade de vida dos bancários. As organizações que se preocupam com a qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores expõem e dimensionam suas ações em seus Relatórios Anuais. Pelo que é observado no ambiente bancário, muitos bancos acabam copiando ou fazendo programas similares para não ficarem atrás de seus concorrentes, tanto para reter talentos como para passar uma imagem de boa empresa para a sociedade. De maneira geral, os bancos buscam promover e divulgar a satisfação dos seus colaboradores para agregar valor à empresa e auxiliar no alcance dos objetivos organizacionais.Palavras-chave: QVT. Ambiente Bancário. Estresse. LER/DORT. Gestão de Pessoas.
 AbstractQVT has gained importance in the business environment, given the need to take care of the employees’ health and welfare in their work activities. In Brazil, the theme has become of great significance, and aroused the interest of entrepreneurs and managers. This paper aimed to analyze the consequences of banking management based on the QWL application and for this purpose a theoretical survey was carried out of the work aspects that cause problems and also the attitudes that companies adopt to get around the situation. Due to the numerous transformations that happen frequently, organizations have been constantly experiencing technological and economic changes within an extremely competitive market and working conditions in the banking sector have strongly impacted the workers’ health in the sector. The work was marked as a source of suffering and discontent, which led to extreme stress situations. Work overload, lack of control, insufficient rewards, lack of collectivity, lack of justice and conflicts of values are factors of maladjustment that lead to stress in the work environment and can lead to burnout. Work overload can also lead to LER/DORT. GL and massage programs, which many organizations adopt, help to prevent, combat and solve work-related problems. Banks Personnel Management policies are increasingly focused on aspects involving the banking workers’ quality of life. Organizations that care about workers' quality of life expose and scale their actions in their Annual Reports. From what is observed in the banking environment, many banks end up copying or making similar programs so as not to fall behind their competitors, both to retain talent and to convey a good company image to society. In general, banks seek to promote and publicize the their employees’ satisfaction to add value to the company and assist in achieving organizational goals.
 Keywords: QVT. Banking Environment. Stress. LER/DORT. People Management.
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Новокрещенова, Ольга, and Olga Novokreshchenova. "MANAGING THE CUSTOMER SERVICE OF THE CREDIT INSTITUTION: ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURAL AND OPERATIONAL ELEMENTS." Russian Journal of Management 5, no. 2 (2017): 170–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/article_5953becb870855.55377968.
Full textAbstract:
Rapid changes of requirements of consumers to the quality
 and availability of banking products and market changes and
 legislation require constant monitoring and the need for updating
 the main management processes of the credit institution, one of
 which is the process of customer service. The problem of most domestic
 banks is reactive management of customer service and consideration
 of it as more of a marketing component. The most important
 way to improve competitiveness and achieve sustainable
 development of credit institutions is the management implementation,
 based on the use of tools of quality management and process
 control services allows to anticipate the constantly changing external
 environment, to prevent problems, to initiate changes. In the
 first stage of implementation of changes it is necessary to analyze
 the existing structural and operational process controls customer
 service of the credit institution.
 To ensure the validity of theoretical positions used in the work of
 critical analysis, abstract-logical and comparative methods of scientific
 research. The work is based on the analysis of writings of
 Russian and foreign economists.
 The article presents various approaches to the definition of «control
 ». Features of management process of customer service of the
 credit organization are considered from the point of definition of
 structural and operational elements of the process. On the basis of
 the analysis approaches and models it was built the model of management
 process customer service of the credit institution from the
 standpoint of quality management, object of management which is
 the process of customer service in the bank. This model combines
 the advantages of the process approach to management (allows for
 more detailed consideration of the stage of the service process),
 system approach to management (allows you to define the subject,
 object management, control and feedback), and also graphically
 represents the processes that are implemented at the level of the
 bank's management (PDCA cycle).
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Saccardi, Riccardo, Carmen Azqueta, Lara Ballerini, et al. "Flow Cytometry Assessment of CD34+ Viability in Thawed Cord Blood Units: A Multi-Center Eurocord and Netcord Study." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 851. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.851.851.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract BACKGROUND. A set of Quality Controls (QC) of a Cord Blood Unit (CBU) at release is required by International Standards for Cord Blood banking, often including Flow Cytometry (FC) counting and viability assessment of thawed stem cells. Reliability and reproducibility of such tests across different CB banks is still an unmet need. Indeed, discrepancies between the thawed product characterized at the Transplant Center and the QC performed at the CB bank, might be addressed to different assessment technologies. Therefore, there is room for a multicenter exercise, aimed to check the reproducibility of the flow cytometry-driven QC and possibly to propose technical standardization and improvements. In this context, a protocol for manipulation and FC assessment of thawed CB samples was circulated and shared among 5 European CB banks(Dusseldorf, Barcelona, Florence, Cremona, Nottingham) , on behalf of Eurocord and Netcord. METHODS. Different techniques of sample preparation were tested on thawed samples, washed samples and the segment attached to the CB bag, respectively, as shown in Fig. 1. A solution of Dextran and Human Albumin as described by the New York CBB was used for dilution/washing the samples. In particular, one sample of each thawed Unit was processed for FC assay undiluted and diluted 1:3 and 1:10, respectively. Five CB Units (CBU) per CB bank unsuitable for banking (with TNC count≥1x109) were selected for the assay. The FC assay protocol was a standard TruCOUNT®, ISHAGE-based (SI), single-platform multigating strategy for CD34+ cells counting, shared by all the Banks in order to standardize the gating strategy. A mock sample was circulated before the exercise in order to check the assay reproducibility. A modification to the ISHAGE methodology (MI) was also proposed with the aim of improving the assessment of CD34+ cells viability in thawed samples. RESULTS A total of 25 CBU across the 5 labs were cryopreserved and thawed following local standards; pre-freezing and post-thawing samples were assessed for CD34+ recovery and viability. Data from all Banks were centralized and statistical analysis was performed. TNC recoveries resulted to be reproducible in all Centers for all the thawed products (undiluted, 1:3 and 1:10 dilution, segment 1:3 diluted and washed undiluted samples, respectively). Both SI and MI strategies showed no significant discrepancies when determining CD34+ absolute number and viability in pre-freezing CBUs (p>0.05 with pair T test). The recovery of viable CD34+ cells assessed by SI or MI in the thawed products did not show any significant difference in all the experimental conditions, whilst the recovery of total CD34+ cells was always lower in SI-analyzed samples than in MI-analyzed samples (* = pair T test p<0,05). One to ten dilution of the thawed product showed a higher variability, as well as segment data when compared to the bag, likely for the small size of the sample. Post-thawing CD34+ viability in MI methodology was significantly lower than in SI technique in all the experimental conditions (Fig.2). Finally, CFU recovery did not show significant differences in post thaw 1:3, washed 1:1 and segment 1:3 diluted samples when related to the pre-freeze clonogenic potential. Interestingly, MI showed a better correlation with CFU. CONCLUSIONS · Flow Cytometry-based assessment of CB graft before and after cryopreservation can provide reproducible results, following an adequate standardization of sample preparation and gating strategy. · The segment-related data were shown to be a reliable Quality Control of the stored CB Unit · Standard ISHAGE technology was less reliable in the CD34+ cell viability assessment in the thawed samples and might therefore lead to an overestimation of CD34+ viability. An adaptation of both the acquisition setting and the gating strategy is needed in order to detect viable and non viable CD34+ cells in thawed CB units. The dissemination of these findings might have a significant impact in CB transplantation, as a validated and standardized, single platform, CD34+ cell count methodology is an essential step to reduce the intra- and inter-laboratory variability. In particular, such standardization might reduce the discrepancies between QC at release in the CB banks and the thawed product at bedside. Figure 1 Figure 1. Figure 2 Figure 2. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Kagochi, John. "Inflation and financial sector development in Sub-Saharan African countries." Journal of Economic Studies 46, no. 4 (2019): 798–811. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jes-10-2017-0310.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the link between inflation and the financial sector performance in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries. Design/methodology/approach The study analyzes the relationship between inflation and the financial sector performance for selected 22 Sub-Saharan countries from 1980 to 2013. The study used panel data and the dynamic panel generalized method of moments econometric method. The study concentrates on the link between inflation and the development of the banking sector. Findings The findings suggest that inflation does not promote financial sector development in SSA region while trade openness has a positive impact on the selected financial development indicators. Other variables that enhance financial development in SSA include government expenditure and good governance. Practical implications The main policy implication of the study is that in order for SSA countries to benefit from a deeper and more active financial sectors, the rates of inflation must be maintained low and be consistently under control. Also, for SSA region financial sectors to become deeper and more active it is crucial to develop stronger economic institutions including independent central banks and sound fiscal authorities. Originality/value The study differs from previous studies as it includes more (22) countries from SSA region while previous studies were either regional or country specific. The study also incorporates trade openness and the role of institutional quality in enhancing financial development. This differentiates the study from previous studies on the subject from the region.
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Bašić, Dragana, and Predrag Ćurić. "Adaptability of Securitization Model to Conditions of Volatile Financial Structure." ECONOMICS 9, no. 1 (2021): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eoik-2021-0012.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The Great Financial Crisis of 2008 exposed certain weaknesses in the field of investment banking and the necessity to adapt certain innovative solutions to the newly created economic and financial environment. The process of securitization is a financial innovation, which some financial analysts consider one of the causes of the Great Financial Crisis. Although it is often linked to the emergence of the Great Financial Crisis, the advantages of the securitization model, together with a level of adaptability and enhanced process control throughout all procedural levels, significantly outweigh its perceived shortcomings. The financial system of the Republic of Srpska continues to be characterized by the growth of nonperforming loans in bank assets, mainly caused by increased systemic risk due to the current COVID-19 pandemic and declining economic activity in the country, but also by a well-developed financial system infrastructure, which is necessary in order to allow the application of the securitization model to significantly contribute to increasing financial stability in the conditions of volatile financial structure. The model of securitization of nonperforming loans and its application in the process of bank restructuring can be the mainstay of the stabilization of the financial system. The aim of the research is to demonstrate that the application of the adapted securitization model of nonperforming assets of banks and its application in the process of bank restructuring in the conditions of unstable financial structure may contribute to financial stability and control of increase of a systemic risk. Securitization increases the supply of quality financial instruments, the number of participants in the process of transformation of financial assets and develops a more resilient financial market. The results include emergence of additional funding sources for financial institutions, generation of nonperforming assets’ problems, with additional liquidity and diversification for many of their clients.
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Li, Xiaolong, Lin Tian, Liang Han, and Helen (Huifen) Cai. "Interest rate regulation, earnings transparency and capital structure: evidence from China." International Journal of Emerging Markets 15, no. 5 (2019): 923–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoem-04-2018-0164.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to use samples from Chinese-listed companies to investigate the effects of interest rate deregulation and earnings transparency on company’s capital structure in China over the period of 2003–2015. In particular, the authors study the link between state-owned enterprises (SOEs), economic growth targets and marketization in China’s unique institutional context. Design/methodology/approach Based on the methodology of quantitative analysis, the authors use baseline and cluster analysis for all samples with full set of controls, for robustness tests of alternative proxy of interest rate control by using a cluster analysis at the firm level, regarding endogeneity tests conducted fixed effect model with adding instrument variables (IV), two-period factors regression method via IV and system generalized method of moments for dynamic analysis. Findings The results show that earnings transparency increases firm leverage and the additional tests suggest that such an effect takes place via a mechanism by reducing the cost of debt finance. However, information transparency could moderate the effects of interest rate deregulation on corporate capital structure. In addition, it finds that SOEs are less sensitive toward the changes of interest rates in China because lending to SOEs is policy-oriented and lacks of market evaluation of business risk. Government control is conducive to enhancing the transparency of the whole industry; however, market-oriented reform is conducive to enhancing the transparency of the company’s own information. Research limitations/implications The paper makes contribution to the relationship between earnings disclosure quality and capital structure in the Chinese unique institutional context, such as taking the progressive interest rate reform, SOES, different economic growth target and different marketization level in each province of China. The authors suggest that investors will pay more attention to the company’s own unique information transparency in the provinces with a high degree of marketization. As a potential direction for future research, the authors will investigate how the earnings transparency has impact on capital structure, and how such impact would depend on the transparency of specific business, the cap of foreign shareholding and the convenience of investment. Practical implications This research would be the target of banking market reform in order to bring a fair financing environment for all businesses in China. It implies that current experiment of interest rate liberalization in China is not as efficient as it could be in allocating funds across all businesses. State banks, SOEs and local governments are still the biggest players on both the demand and supply sides of the Chinese credit markets. Social implications The social implication of this paper lies in the fact that first, it provides additional evidence on the effect of market-oriented reforms through how the information transparency interacts with the financial decisions making of corporations. Second, it offers policy implication to banking market deregulation in China. Originality/value The paper makes contribution to the relationship between earnings disclosure quality and capital structure in the Chinese unique institutional context. This research tests the existing literature, such as Francis et al. (2004) and Zhang and Lu (2007), and suggests that informationally transparent firms have a higher debt ratio and lower effective interest costs on bank loans. In addition, this paper further explores the role played by interest rate deregulation in corporate finance, and in turn market fund allocation. This paper sheds new light on information transparency and explores the relationship between earnings disclosure quality and debt financing behaviors of Chinese publicly listed companies over the period of 2003–2015.
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Willert, Jennifer, Heather Brown, Denise LaBossierre, and Joseph Rosenthal. "Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation from Sibling or Autologous Cord Blood Units: Report from a Single Cord Blood Unit (CBU) Bank." Blood 110, no. 11 (2007): 3329. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.3329.3329.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Umbilical CBU are considered an acceptable alternative source for hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) when HLA-identical donors are unavailable. Outcome after transplants with HLA-matched CBU appear to be favorable in comparison to matched unrelated marrow donors (Eapen et al Lancet369: 1947, 2007). This advancement has resulted in the establishment of not-for-profit and for-profit cord blood banks. There is a wide consensus against directed donor (DD) banking of autologous CBUs for several reasons: families may be vulnerable to marketing at the time of birth of a child; the life-time likelihood of using a privately banked CBU is unknown; there are no data regarding safety or effectiveness of DD banked CBU transplantation. Objective: To report data regarding the potential use, safety and efficacy of DD CBU released for use in HSCT by a single privately owned CBU bank. Methods: Cord Blood Registry (CBR) collects data regarding CBUs released for HSCT for quality control and for education purposes. Recipient data including, diagnosis, age, weight, HLA match and viability were collected by CBR at the time of release of CBU. Transplant centers reported to CBR engraftment and outcomes data. Results: From December 1993 to June 2007 CBR has provided DD CBU for 53 transplants at 26 different transplant centers in 14 states. Thirty five CBUs were used in HLA matched sibling HSCT (ALLO) and 18 in autologous HSCT (AUTO). There were 26 ALLO for malignancy (AML n=8; ALL, n=16 and 2 for CML) and 16 ALLO for non-malignant indications (Thalassemia, n=3; sickle cell disease, n=2; severe aplastic anemia (SAA), n=6; Fanconi’s anemia, n=2; and one each for Diamond Blackfan Anemia, Hurler’s syndrome, and Hyper IgM syndrome). The recipient age in ALLO for malignant disorders ranged from 1 year to 16 years with one adult receiving a cord blood unit for CML at the age of 46. For non-malignant indications the age ranged from 4 months to 11 years. AUTO HSCT was performed in 4 patients with SAA (n=4).and for emerging indications (anoxic brain injury, n=7 3 for type I diabetes, n=3; rare immune disorder, n=1). Time of CBU storage ranged from 1 to 114 months; 1 – 47 months and 2–114 months, for ALLO and AUTO, respectively. One of the units was stored for 114 months with engraftment on day +21 and 99% viability. Neutrophil engraftment occurred on average day +18 and +22, for non-malignant and malignant indications, respectively. Post-thaw viability was excellent for all CBU thawed, at approximately 90% or higher. No significant infections were found in any of the CBU tested. Conclusion: Our data supports the use of DD CBUs for HSCT. Directed donation programs provide access to sibling CBU, which may increase the odds of finding a suitable donor. We are in the process of evaluating overall patient outcomes as well as the incidence of acute and chronic GVHD for all transplants described above. We will analyze the data in order to compare our findings to the outcomes reported for unrelated donor CBU obtained through public CBU banks. The successful outcome in our patients as well as the favorable outcomes reported with use of HSCT from related matched or partially matched CBU should re-open the discussion regarding the value of integrating DD and public banking of CBUs.
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Popoola, Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson. "Preface to the Volume 2 Issue 2 of Indian Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 2, no. 2 (2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2018.2.2.44.
Full textAbstract:
It is a great pleasure to introduce the second volume second issue of our journal into the global community yearning for high-quality, impactful papers. IPJAF continues to seek and provide readers throughout the world with technology supported peer-reviewed scholarly articles on a broad range of established and emergent areas of accounting, finance, business, economics, and social sciences.
 
 I am resolute to maintain the high-quality standard of research and publication which is anchored on the exemplary service and dedication of our editorial board, editorial review and the editorial office. This volume 2, issue 2 comprises five manuscripts dealing with financial accounting, taxation, and auditing.
 
 The first article entitled “Examining the independent audit committee, managerial ownership, independent board member and audit quality in listed banks” by Dr. Hisar Pangaribuana (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia), Dr. Jenny Sihombinga (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia), and Dr. Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) examines the effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership and independent board member on audit quality in the Indonesian listed banks. The unit of analysis is companies carrying on the banking business and listed on the Indonesian stock exchange (IDX) between the period of 2010 to 2015. This study is explanatory (i.e., causal predictive), and uses the second generation structural equation modelling statistical analysis tools, PLS-SEM and PROCESS Partial Least Square for hypotheses testing. The results show that the independent board member has a significant impact on the independent audit committee and the audit quality. The study reveals that managerial ownership does not influence audit quality. The adoption of the independent audit committee with a long tenure of years can be potentially risky and less creative. As a result, their oversight functions may be in jeopardy, impaired or reduced performances. The research findings reveal no significant indirect effects of the independent audit committee on the relationship between managerial ownership, independent board member and audit quality in the banks listed in IDX. Independent board members need to renew the appointment of the independent audit committee members to improve the quality of the oversight functions undertaken by the audit committee, and hence, enhance audit quality. The authors suggest further research on the ideal level of managerial ownership and number of an independent board member to produce a good audit quality in the Indonesian listed banks.
 
 The second article titled “Salaried taxpayers’ internal states and assessment performance under self-assessment system: a quasi-experimental evaluation” by Dr. Noraza Mat Udin (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) takes a look at the first reform that impacts taxpayers, that is, the implementation of self-assessment system (SAS) to replace the old assessment system in 2004. The perception is that SAS had entirely changed the taxpayers’ responsibilities from being assessed by the tax authority to a person who is responsible for assessing own income tax liability. Her study explores the public fora debates on whether taxpayers can perform their responsibilities that were previously handled by trained tax personnel in Malaysia. Her paper reports the findings of a quasi-experimental evaluation of salaried individual taxpayers’ in the early stage of SAS implementation. She argues that a lot needs to be done, notwithstanding SAS had been implemented for more than a decade, the problem of taxpayer performance is continuing due to the dynamic nature of taxation in reality. The data were collected using a quasi-experimental method known as posttest-only no-treatment control group design. The sample comprised post-graduate students, who were actual taxpayers. Among the elements of the taxpayer’s internal states considered in this study, tax knowledge was found to have a significant relationship with assessment performance. Further analysis was conducted which showed that the majority of tax knowledge dimensions had a significant relationship with taxpayer assessment performance. The findings of this study have contributed to the body of knowledge because there is a general dearth of published research, particularly in Malaysia that investigates taxpayer assessment performance especially using an experimental approach.
 
 The third article with a caption, “Working capital management and firm performance: lessons learnt during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 in Nigeria” by Mr. Sunday Simon (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Dr. Norfaiezah Sawandi (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Prof. Dr. Mohamad Ali Abdul-Hamid (Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirate) examines the relationship between working capital management (WCM) and firm performance during and after the financial crisis of 2007-2008 in Nigeria. The authors argue that the financial crisis could be attributable to the deterioration and ultimate failure of WCM performance that affected many Nigerian firms. During the crisis, lending conditions were deeply affected, and financing operations became challenging for firms. Although research findings on the causes and effects of the crisis on the economy are known, what remains unknown is whether the financial crisis had a significant impact on WCM performance. The differences between the two periods, the crisis period and then after the crisis period, is operationalised through two analyses. The findings indicate that WCM variables have more explanatory power (R2) in the period after the crisis than during the crisis. Also, the results of the Cramer Z-statistic, which examined between sample comparisons of the R2, revealed that the Z-scores are significant, implying that a significant difference existed between the two periods. It suffices to say that WCM was affected during the financial crisis and led to low profitability, whereas, during the after-crisis period, WCM associates with higher profitability. These findings have implications for managers and policymakers because access to financing has become a global problem and adequate WCM management increases a company’s resilience to financial and external shocks.
 
 The fourth article entitled “The Influence of Technology Readiness on Information Technology Competencies and Civil Conflict Environment” by Prof. Dr. Kamil Md. Idris (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Associate Prof. Dr. Akilah Abdullah (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Haetham H. Kasem Alkhaffaf (OYA Graduate School of Business, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Al-Hasan Al-Aidaros (Islamic Business School, Universiti Utara Malaysia, Malaysia). Their study confirms prior findings that the Technology Readiness scale can capture the association among technology readiness and technology usage behaviours. The study also expands earlier research by investigating the impact of technology readiness on individual competency among accountants to using IT in a workplace under the intensity of civil conflict in Iraqi environment. The result shows that there is a positive significant relationship between technology readiness and the IT competencies of Iraqi accountants. It implies that the technology readiness regarding willingness, enthusiasm, and motivation of accountants using IT has an impact on their IT competencies. In other words, the higher the readiness of the accountants in making use of technology, the higher their competence in the use of IT. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in terms of theory, method and practice in Iraq especially and developing countries in general.
 
 The fifth article titled “Mediating effect of Quality-differentiated Auditor on the relationship between Managerial ownership and Monitoring mechanisms” and authored by Dr. Rachael Oluyemisi Arowolo (Chrisland University, Nigeria), Prof. Dr. Ayoib Che-Ahmad (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia), Dr. Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Tunku Puteri Intan Safinaz School of Accountancy, College of Business, Universiti Utara Malaysia) and Dr. Hisar Pangaribuana (Adventist University of Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia) examines the relationship between Managerial Ownership (MO) and MMs with quality-differentiated auditors (QDA) as the channel for the relationship. Over the past decade, most studies in corporate governance and audit market emphasised the importance of monitoring mechanisms (MM), especially after the global economic meltdown resulting from the Enron saga. The literature on MM continues growing as many countries especially the Sub-Saharan Africa are still struggling to come out of the effect of the economic meltdown and businesses continues to fail or merge. The study used data from non-financial listed companies in Nigeria providing empirical supports that MO significantly associates with MMs in the right direction. Likewise, QDA also influences the MMs in the right direction suggesting that QDA is necessarily required to enhance adequate MMs. The findings of this study provide support for the association of MO and MMs with the intervention of QDA for solutions to agency problems. Companies should, therefore, motivate the management to own shares within the reasonable range that aligns the interest of the management with that of the shareholders. This paper adds to knowledge especially in Nigeria and Sub-Saharan Africa by examining a mediating effect to depict the relationship between MO and MM, which are not evident in prior studies
 
 It is my conviction that in the coming year, the vision of IPJAF to publish high-quality manuscripts in the established and emergent areas of accounting and finance from academic and professional researchers will be sustained and appreciated.
 
 As you read throughout this volume 2, issue 2 of IPJAF, I would like to remind you that the success of our journal depends on you, your friends and colleagues as stakeholder through the submission of high-quality articles for review and publication.
 
 Once again, I acknowledge with gratitude your continued support as we strive to make IPJAF the most authoritative journal on accounting and finance for the community of academic, professional, industry, society and government.
 
 
 Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola, PhD
 Editor-in-Chief
 popoola@omjpalpha.com
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Nienaber, Ann-Marie, Marcel Hofeditz, and Rosalind H. Searle. "Do we bank on regulation or reputation? A meta-analysis and meta-regression of organizational trust in the financial services sector." International Journal of Bank Marketing 32, no. 5 (2014): 367–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijbm-12-2013-0146.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose – Trust in financial institutions has been eroded through the collapse of mortgage-related securities, with confidence further denuded through well publicized cases of rogue traders and rate fixing cases, such as with the Lehman brothers, the Libor rate-fixing scandals, and the hypo real estate breakdown. In response to these events, governments have introduced a range of distinct policy initiatives designed to restore trust in this sector. Thus, the question arises: are these regulations and control mechanisms sufficient in isolation, or are there other elements that this sector needs to pay attention to in efforts to build and sustain customers’ trust? The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – There is a compelling agenda for both financial organizations and academics to understand better organizational trust in this context especially the role and impact of regulatory mechanisms in its development and repair. The paper therefore examines the special facets of the financial services sector in comparison to other sectors, such as manufacturing, to consider whether trust is fundamentally different in this context than others, and thus address how far there are special challenges concerning trust and the banking industry. The paper analyses, by using a meta-analytical design, 93 studies (N=38,631), of which 20 empirically investigate organizational trust in the financial sector with a combined N of 11,224 respondents. Findings – The paper shows that the banking sector is heavily affected by two distinct forces: first, customers’ perception of an organization's level of compliance and conformity with laws and regulations is a necessity for banks’ sociopolitical legitimization, and second it is also related to how non-compliance is dealt with. Importantly, this meta-analysis indicates that regulation is just one of a suite of devices that organizations need to deploy in their efforts to restore trust. The paper identified two further elements of significance: customers require direct evidence, derived either from their own or others’ satisfaction with the goods or services provided, and customers do take note of the external endorsement of the firm, especially in Asia, where customers place huge emphasis on the firm's reputation. Research limitations/implications – First, meta-analysis is inherently reliant on the earlier studies and therefore retains their weaknesses. Some of the relationships included self-report variables collected at the same point in time and therefore may be inflated by common method bias. Second, due to the focus and because of the limited number of studies in this sector, and a paucity of attention on some key topics, such as perceptions of regulation, second-order sampling error may also be a limitation. Third, some relationships were not investigated frequently enough in studies to enable us to include them in the review, such as cooperation, opportunistic behaviour or quality. Finally, despite calls for trust scholars to include propensity to trust measures within their studies, many of these studies do not include this measure and therefore it is more difficult to identify and control individual difference factors. Practical implications – The results show the merit of multi-strand trust development strategies. There is a striking paucity of financial institutions, which have examined how far their trust deficit may be related to their internal culture, and whether recent corporate corruption could be the product of bonuses and the internal short-term individualized reward systems. The analysis reveals that although external regulations and controls are an effective and powerful devise for organizational trust, over the last two periods of significant crisis, their impact appears to be warning; Yet reassuring customers of their expectations of the other party's future behaviour is central to trust. Alternative remedies need to be considered, such as the establishment of a more effective regulator, or board of governors who oversee and assure compliance. Monitoring and surveillance offer a further external means of reducing the possibility of future misbehaviours. However, as the analysis indicates, other strands are required to build trust, including greater attention by firms on customers’ direct experiences, which in turn would enhance the third part endorsement of their competence and goodwill intentions of organizations. Social implications – Significantly, the results indicate the potentially partial erosion of credence factors, and thus confidence, in this sector over the last 20 years, during what has been a period of repeated exposure to trust breaches. The paper shows that single strand solutions, such as improvements to customer communication, are no longer sufficient, nor, more importantly, do they have the same impact. Instead, the paper shows the necessity to utilize more effectively and target attention towards three distinct antecedents: external regulations and their enforcement; third party and expert endorsements, and therefore external reputations; and customer satisfaction in terms of the effective delivery of customer expectations. Originality/value – Organizational trust has been shown as critical in positively affecting and repairing broken relationships through uncertainty reduction and confidence enhancement. In the past, different meta-analyses of trust have been undertaken, but this, to the authors knowledge, is the first meta-analytic study measuring trust on an organizational level in the context of the financial services sector and its regulatory environment. This meta-analysis indicates that regulation is just one of a suite of devices that organizations need to deploy in their efforts to restore trust. The paper identified two further elements: customers require direct evidence, and do take note of the external endorsement of the firm.
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Popoola, Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson. "Preface to the Second Issue of Indian Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 2 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.2.10.
Full textAbstract:
I welcome you to the Vol. 1 Issue 2 of Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance. You will recall in Issue 1, I made known our commitment to publish high-quality, impactful papers and to bring scholars who share our vision and mission into the Editorial Advisory Board. Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adamawa University of Technology, Adamawa, Nigeria) has consented to join the Editorial Advisory Board. I am pleased to welcome him on board.
 In Issue 2, all the presentations are international research with emphasis on corporate governance and risk management, internal auditing, accounting information system, education, telecommunications, and banking sectors. 
 In the first paper captioned “Effect of Risk Management Committee on Monitoring Mechanismsâ€, Dr Rachael Oluyemisi Arowolo (Chrisland University), Prof Dr Ayoib B. Che-Ahmad (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Asst. Prof. Dr Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Universiti Utara Malaysia) examines the influence of risk management committee (RMC) on monitoring mechanisms (MM) in Sub-Saharan Africa. The paper provides empirical supports for RMC association with monitoring mechanisms to reduce agency problems, using the secondary data (2010-2012) of Nigerian non-financial listed companies. The article recommends to the board of Nigerian companies to explore the usefulness of RMC in monitoring the management and controlling shareholders to lessen agency problems and protect the interests of the minority shareholders.
 In the second paper entitled “Aligning Corporate Governance with Enterprise Risk Management Adoption in the Nigerian Deposit Money Banksâ€, Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), Sini Fave Kwaji (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), and Ghazali Zulkurnai (Universiti Utara Malaysia) align corporate governance (CG) with Enterprise Risk Management (ERM) adoption in the Nigerian Deposit Money banks (DMBs). Their study used cross-sectional research design, survey method and questionnaire technique to collect data in 21 Nigerian DMBs. Out of 722 questionnaires distributed, 435 were found usable for further analysis through Structural Equation Modeling in Stata. The paper empirically reveals the significant positive relationship between CG and ERM adoption regarding internal audit effectiveness, human resource competency and top management commitment. The study provides insightful results for the banking industry, regulators, practitioners, academia and other stakeholders, perhaps to render assistance in the areas of policy formulation, implementation and evaluation.
 In the third paper titled “Independence and Management Support: The advocate for Internal Auditors’ Task Performance in Tertiary Institutionsâ€, Oyewumi Hassan Kehinde (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Prof Dr Ayoib B. Che-Ahmad (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Asst. Prof. Dr Oluwatoyin Muse Johnson Popoola (Universiti Utara Malaysia) examine the influence of independence (IND) and management support (MS) on the task performance (TP) of internal auditors in the South-West tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The study formulates and tests two hypotheses on the relationship between IND and TP in one hand, and MS and TP on the other hand. This study employs a quantitative approach, cross-sectional design, and survey questionnaire in obtaining data from 350 internal auditors from the internal audit departments/units of the universities, polytechnics, and colleges of education. The results of the PLS-SEM algorithm and bootstrapping reveal positive significant relationships between IND and TP, and the MS and TP, and hence, support the two hypotheses. The paper has a policy implication on the government/private proprietors who are owners of tertiary institutions; management and Council who control the institutions, internal auditors who are operators of internal auditing; regulatory authorities who perform oversight function on the institutions, and professional accounting and auditing bodies. The article adds to the body of knowledge and extends internal audit research to tertiary institutions.
 In the fourth paper entitled “Examining Information Disclosure on Regulatory Compliance of Telecommunication Companies in Nigeriaâ€, Sini Fave Kwaji (Modibbo Adama University of Technology), Dr Ishaya John Dabari (Modibbo Adama University of Technology) examine the impact of information disclosure on regulatory compliance of telecommunication companies in Nigeria. The study adopted ex-post facto research design, which relies on secondary data collected from the financial statements of three (3) telecommunication companies out of the eight (8) telecommunication companies for the period of 2004 to 2015 and analysed through the multiple regression statistics. The results reveal that computed compliance index of telecommunication companies was above average (av. 75.6%) with the requirements of regulatory agencies. Also, the findings indicate that mandatory information disclosure (MID) recorded a significant impact at 10% (weak compliance), while voluntary information disclosure (VID) showed an effect at 5% (partial compliance). The article makes a clarion call for the enforcement of full compliance by all the telecommunication companies operating in Nigeria and therefore, recommends to the National Communication Commission (NCC) to monitor the compliance with the requirements of information disclosure and pursue its objective to achieve best corporate governance practices in Nigerian telecommunication companies.
 In the fifth paper titled “Examining CAATTs implementation by internal auditors in the public sector.†Dr Aidi Ahmi (Universiti Utara Malaysia), Associate Prof Dr Siti Zabedah Saidin (Universiti Utara Malaysia), and Dr Akilah Abdullah (Universiti Utara Malaysia) investigate the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in the Malaysian public sector. Their research reports the results from 12 interviews conducted with internal audit departments in both federal and state levels. The study revealed the implementation of CAATTs by internal auditors in public sector is still low because of lack of expertise, high implementation and maintenance cost, limited access of auditee’s data, and preference to conduct the audit manually. Furthermore, it is not mandatory for them to use CAATTs. The evidence is a contrast with the encouragement made by the government to improve the IT usage in public sector. The results implied that training for future auditors in CAATTs to ensure the successful implementation is crucial and strategic. For CAATTs to be a success, the head of internal audit must possess the awareness about the importance of CAATTs as well as enforcement of its implementation.
 As you read through this Vol. 1 Issue 2 of IPJAF, I would like to recap that the success of the journal depends on your active participation and those of your colleagues and friends through submission of high-quality articles for review and publication.
 I reiterate to our prospective authors to enjoy the benefits IPJAF provides about mentoring nature of the unique review process, which offers high quality, and helpful reviews tailored to assist authors in improving their manuscripts.
 I acknowledge your support as we endeavour to make IPJAF the most authoritative journal on accounting and finance for the community of academic, professional, industry, society and government.
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Chalabi, Fatima. "The Impact of Innovation on Banking Performance: Evidence from Lebanese Banking Sector." Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, September 21, 2020, 175–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.47260/jafb/1069.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the impact of innovation on performance of the Lebanese banks during 7 years period from 2009 to 2015. Based on a sample of seventeen Lebanese owned commercial banks, a Weighted Least Squares model was employed to investigate the relationship between two banking innovations, namely mobile banking and investment in computer software and banks’ performance as measured by Return-On-Assets and Return-On-Equity. Four control variables were included in the study specifically bank’s capitalization, cost efficiency, asset quality and bank’s size. The findings of the study showed that the two innovations studied have both significant but opposite impact on banks’ performance.
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"The Need for Improvement of External Audit Reports of Banks (The Case of Banks in Albania Which Mainly Belong to EU Banks)." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 16 (June 18, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2020.16.55.
Full textAbstract:
The financial crisis of 2008 highlighted weaknesses in risk management, control and governance of banks, auditing, and financial supervision. This led to increased consideration of the respective roles and interactions of banking supervisors with external and internal auditors, who are key contributors to market discipline. Auditors ensure that financial information is transparent and reliable while supervisors provide confidence in financial systems. On the other hand, auditors enable market players to make decisions based on this information and contribute to financial stability. In 2014, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision considered the interaction between supervisors and external auditors by enabling their relationships to improve the quality of banks' audits, financial statements, and effective supervision of the banking system. Since 2015, the Bank of Albania has adopted its regulatory framework almost fully compliant with these principles. This paper analyses the typology of issues identified in the external audit reports of the 10 largest banks in Albania for 2018 and needs for their improvement.
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"Effective Use of Digital Marketing Technologies in Commercial Banks." International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering 9, no. 1 (2019): 3152–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijitee.a9149.119119.
Full textAbstract:
This article describes how commercial banks use digital marketing technology. The purpose of the research is to study effective methods of digital marketing technologies in commercial banks of Uzbekistan. However, the following problems in the provision of remote banking services by commercial banks in our country affect the quality of commercial banks' services: -non-delivery of banking services to consumers of bank services with effective use of marketing technologies; -Actual segmentation of the client base by static and dynamic attributes; - Increase in sales due to the preparation of personal offers and marketing campaigns in various communication channels; - Increasing control over sales performance due to relevant marketing analytics.