Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Banque des états de l'Afrique centrale'
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Ilboudo, Elisabeth. "L'indépendance de la banque centrale." Paris 9, 1989. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1989PA090025.
Full textMazido, Abel. "Le régime monétaire du compte d'opérations et le degré de liberté économique des États de la B. E. A. C. : Banque des États de l'Afrique centrale." Toulouse 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU10021.
Full textModern money is immaterial. It is put into circulation without any counterpart from a bank credit, whatever the economic system considered. Its aim is to favour the production of national wealth. The traditional agricultural sector and the informal sector are excluded from the national monetary and financial circuit. Thus they cannot serve as a basis for the accumulation of capital because money is not integrated into these two sectors. Unable to act efficiently neither on monetary policy, nor on budget policy because of the working regulations of the operation account, the states of the B. E. A. C. Resort to the foreign sector's savings by proposing attractive advantages
Mouloundou, Boumba Aimé Claude. "La fonction de prêteur en dernier ressort à la Banque des États de l'Afrique Centrale (BEAC)." Bordeaux 4, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR40007.
Full textThe concept of PDR appears in the economic literature from 1797 in England to qualify with Baring, injections of liquidity of the Bank Of England to banks in difficulty during the 18th century. The analysis of Thornton (1802) and Bagehot (1873) complement those of Baring and thus constitute right at the end of the 19th century the classical model of PDR. Long contested, this function has come be recognized. Our study is based on the crisis in the banking systems of the 1980s and 1990s, which led to their BEAC inject liquidity as PDR. The banks had solvency problems due to rising risk of default by the borrower who has caused a significant accumulation of compromised loans, and the failure of internal controls of banks and supervision of the community. Sought to rescue the banks, the BEAC has organized an injection of liquidity by role of lender of last resort strict sense, but of "financial last resort" or "provider of funds" of insolvent banks, resulted in the moral hazard and the inflation. This intervention is to be placed as part of its wider responsabilities to prevent systemic risk in its area rather than its monetary function of PDR. The most banks have gone bankrupt because the monetary and prudential policy of CEMAC is full of many problems that the study is to identify and correct for to make them less vulnerable to economic downturns and crisis
N'Toutoume-Emane, Vincent. "L'articulation entre la politique monétaire et la politique budgétaire dans les états membres de la banque des états d'Afrique Centrale." Paris 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA010044.
Full textThe occurence, during the last decade, of high budgetary deficits in certain countries of the bcas has raised the problem of their financing. Traditionally, in manuals of macro-economy, the point of junction between budgetary policy and monetary policy lies in the ways of financing public deficits. This study aims, firstly, at evaluating the effect of various ways of financing the budgetary deficit on the process of monetary creation. Secondly, it endeavours to foresee the consequences of the budgetary deficit on the activity of the private sector. The analysis carried out shows that it is very difficult to ascertain with accuracy the incidence of the financing of the budgetary overdraft in the monetary creation and on the private sector's activities, because of the absence of a monetary and financial market and the low development of the credit market in the issuing zone of the b cas. On the other hand, the econometric analysis has enabled us to show the impact of the monetary and budgetary policies on the economical activity of the states of the bcas. Moreover, it has put in evidence the effect of crowding in of public expenses and the crowding out of imports by the increase of public expenses. Finally, it has enabled us to refute the agreement whereby private expenses are evicted by the increase of public expenses
M'Bakidi, Honoré-Magloire. "L' analyse monétaire de la balance des paiements : une tentative d'application aux économies de la banque des états de l'Afrique centrale." Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985CLF1D014.
Full textMoupébélé, Makadjoka Chislain. "Le Gabon, la France et la Banque des États de l'Afrique centrale, 1959-1992 : entre logique "géomonétaire" et financement de l'économie." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0057.
Full textThe Bank of Central African States, created in 1973 and responsible for ensuring the monetary issue, is the result of institutional transformations that mark the economic and political dynamics of the States. When in 1955 the French government set up the Institut d’émission d’Afrique équatoriale et du Cameroun, it intended to dissociate the functions of issuing money from those of credit. According to this objective, the cardinal mission of the new monetary institution is to guarantee monetary stability by targeting inflation and defending the exchange rate. Its commercial activities are limited. It only grants short-term loans, while medium and long-term loans are now provided by the Caisse Centrale de Coopération Economique. When in 1959, at the time of independence, the institute of emission becomes the central Bank of equatorial African states and the Cameroun, the missions and paradigms have not changed much, while the question of financing economy becomes a central issue in Gabon as well as in other postcolonial states. The debates and negotiations that took place in the late 1960s aim to deconstruct the theoretical framework of monetary policy and credit of the federal central Bank and lead to a form of organization which makes it possible to combine the objectives of Africanization, growth and monetary stability. The objective of our research is to situate ourselves in this process, by focusing in particular on the political, geo-monetary and financial issues around the Franco-Gabonese monetary relations. We have studied the practices of the central bankers, the power relationship in the management of the Central Bank, the balance of power among states within the Board of Directors, the theoretical framework of monetary policy and the impact of these different parameters on fiscal policy and the evolution of the real economy in Gabon. In this respect, we have defined a method which does not allow us to dip in the process of politicization or depoliticization of the Central Bank and to see that several factors interact to make the problem of monetary sovereignty marginal and legitimize the principle of collective and concerted sovereignty. To achieve this, we consider three levels of analysis: national (Gabon), regional (BEAC and franc zone) and multilateral (relationship with France and the Bretton Woods institutions). The reconstruction of these interactions has enabled us to understand that the monetary policy carried out by the Central Bank conformed to the conditions which are out of economic rationality
Alpha, Barry Mamadou. "Demande de monnaie et optimalité de la politique monétaire de la banque centrale des États d'Afrique de l'Ouest (1960-1990)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010019.
Full textThe objective of this Ph. D. Dissertation is to determine, wether there exists a stable money demand function and, the impact of monetary policies of the central bank "bceao" on macroeconomic variables, namely, economic activity, price level, nets foreign assets, in order to define an optimal monetary policy of the central bank. To achieve this objective, an econometric investigation is made, using economic datas for the period 1960-1990. The dissertation is organised in two sections: section 1 reviews the theories of money demand and monetary policy and, section 2 is the empirical evidence of testing for equilibrium relationship between monetary aggregates and economic aggregates. The empirical results indicate : the validity of the quantity theory of money except for the ivory-coast and the benin, the non significance of the exchange rate. The interest rate plays a role, only, for Burkina Faso and the Ivory Coast. The money demand is stable for Benin, Mali, Niger; instable for Senegal and, the results are mixte for Burkina, Ivory Coast and Togo. The inflation has a negative impact on economic growth and, finally, the domestic credits have an negative effect on nets foreign assets which are more correlated to the external shocks (i. E. The price level of commodities)
Noupoyo, Gabriel. "Les banques centrales africaines et la conduite de la politique budgétaire nationale : les exemples de la B.C.E.A.O. et de la B.E.A.C. : aspects juridiques et financiers." Bordeaux 4, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR40013.
Full textSarr, Fodé Sira. "Les effets asymétriques d'une politique monétaire unique : cas de l'Union économique et monétaire Ouest africaine (U.E.M.O.A)." Rennes 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN1G026.
Full textAguessy, Amédée. "Contrôle de l'émission monétaire et union monétaire ouest africaine." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100177.
Full textAt their early independency, the African nations from the "zone franc" assembled themselves into monetary unions. One of them, the West African monetary union (umoa) concerns seven countries essentially agricultural with low income its achievement is based upon conventional clauses between: the African nations of umoa (a common currency and thosuing institute, all those states and France due to the existence of an "operating account" in the French treasury. Even though the mechanisms of the "operating account" in favor the African countries are very complex to apply; the conventional clauses allow France to have enormous privileges. Particularly, the permit France to participate in the choice of the monetary policy instruments, to be member of the administration bureau of bceao and he have the right of veto. Bceao is under the control of French treasury and umoa is no more than a "hunting zone". The instruments of the monetary control copied on the French model are quite the same in all the member states. They don't always take into account the African specifies; the diversities of economic situations, the diversities banking institutions predominated by the foreign banks. Finally, the crisis and instability of the international financial markets the excessive creation and the generalizing fluctuation of the main currencies of transaction precisely us dollar, perturbed seriously the monetary management of the African countries. The imported inflation, the external debt and the systematical imf'measures-gainst which those countries have no solution, constitute a brake for their development and a major cause of poverty. In front of such defavorizing structure it would be better to have a new monetary union without France. A union where each member state will have its national currency and issuing institute. The whole being under the control of a supranational bank issuing a common currency for all the member states. He will represented the union in front of the foreign countries an IMF
Kabore, Pagoundé. "Monnaie unique et souveraineté étatique : l'exemple du franc de la communauté financière africaine." Paris 10, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA100192.
Full textSome authors have asserted that the sovereignty the West-African states is impaired by the circulation of a common currency on their territories. This theory is mistaken : it seems that the above-mentioned states have exercised their sovereignty by creating the CFA franc and by confiding its administration to the UEMOA (West-African Monetary and Economic Community) and the BCEAO (Central Bank of the West-African States)
Egounlety, Epiphane. "L'endettement public dans les pays de la B. C. E. A. O. : endettement interne et externe : remise en cause des schémas théoriques existants." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100065.
Full textDjelhi-Yahot, Adamoh. "La crise de liquidité dans l'économie ivoirienne des années 1980-1990." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2000VERS007S.
Full textThis thesis demonstrates the harmful effect of the liquidity crisis on the ivorian economy in the years 1980-1990 and proposes, as an instrument of economic policy, Taylor's rule. Divided into two parts, it deals in turn with the liquidity crisis as a phenomenon, its causes and negative consequences and the impact of monetary repression on economic growth, and finally recommends Taylor's rule as an instrument of economic policy in the case of the ivorian economy. The first part, using the quantity theory of money, defines the concept of rate of liquidity ; the heterogeneity of its components will lead to the introduction of a new formulation of this concept. The analysis of the new formula ends up in a liquidity crisis ; then its causes and its consequences on the ivorian economy will be examined. The second part, following a review of the different economic theories dealing with the relationship between financial repression and economic growth, from Keynes to the McKinnon-Shaw model and its theoreticians, demonstrates the negative impact of monetary repression on the ivorian economy over the period under consideration (1987-1993), through the application of a prohibitive interest rate on loans, undermines the weaknesses of the discretionary and automatic policies and that of the theories of the monetary approach of the balance of payments and governance, and then proposes Taylor's rule as an instrument of economic policy
N'Guessan, Tchétché. "Une application de la théorie économique de la bureaucratie, à l'analyse de la politique monétaire de la BCEAO." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010028.
Full textTraditional monetary theories consider that the central banks set their monetary policy with the sole objective of ach ievement public interest by relying upon the theory of the bureaucracy; we sustains that the authorities of central banks but more specifically those of BCEAO are al also searching for their personal interest. It is thus shown with some models that the search for personal interest by it's authorities has an influence on the monetary policy of BCEAO ; to eliminate this influence we recommands a new monetary policy control system. With this system the bureau cratic wishies of the authorities are achieved only when they conduct a performing monetary policy
Ndiaye, Cheikh Tidiane. "Chocs extérieurs et politiques monétaire et budgétaire : le cas du Sénégal." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE0503.
Full textIl is time, after 50 years of independence, to shed light on Senegalese economic performance by focusing on the GDPgrowth path and the role of stabilization policies. Indeed, the behaviors of the Senegalese economic structures are dependent on the vagaries of the international context. These are hardly controllable by the monetary and budgetary authorities. This thesis has proposed to characterize the cyclical growth and analysis of categories of shocks affecting the economy of Senegal. It has distinguished external shocks from fluctuations induced by the functioning of the economy and assessed the ability of monetary and budgetary instruments to deal with them. Thus, there has been discussion of a glimpse of the use and nature of monetary and budgetary policies implemented according to the types of shocks affecting the economy of Senegal.The results suggest the presence of heightened volatility of the cyclical component and a high frequency of breaks intrend. Senegal is highly affected by shocks that are mainly external with some significant persistence. Even though the GDP persistence has decreased particularly since the devaluation of 1994, some structural reforms are needed in order to reinforce the resilience to shocks and the macroeconomic stabilization. These reforms consist in mitigating deficiencies mainly in the productive sector and in the financial. Similarly, the BCEAO’s monetary policy does not sufficiently stabilize the specific shocks of Senegal while national budgetary policy adjusts to external shocks within avery limited scope. The intensity of these shocks is dependent upon the structure of the economy
Mendy, Pierre. "Les relations économiques entre les institutions de Bretton Woods et les pays africains de la Zone franc." Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100105.
Full textWith two economic and monetary unions (WAEMU and CAEMU), the franc zone of Africa created in 1939, results from the evolution of the French colonial monetary system in Africa which managed to survive to the wave of the disappearances of the colonial monetary systems after the independences of the African countries, while the other systems (British, Portuguese, Spanish and Belgian) did not escape it. This survival of the Africa’s franc zone is largely explained by its evolution, its specific organization and by its institutional functioning. However, this does not spare the ACZF from the economic imbalance observed from 1985 and it until 1993, being understandable at the same time by the problem of the creation of a monetary area, an unsuitable institutional functioning, as well as unsuitable economic structures, the considerable degradation of current and external the budgetary accounts, the explosion of the foreign debt and finally the unfavorable evolution of the international economic situation. The fundamental major principles set up since the creation of the franc zone of Africa in 1939, are not then adapted any more to the economic, political and social evolution of each economic union, therefore their reform in depth is necessary. In front of these economic imbalances, the ACZF and France opted first for the real adjustment in order to restore economic balance. But this choice quickly interfered with the local sociopolitical realities and with economic slowdown of the frank zone of Africa, which will finish to request, at the beginning of 1980s, the intervention of the Bretton Woods institutions (World Bank and International Monetary Fund) which recommended then the implementation of PSA to return to economic balance. In front of the incapacity of the ACZF to restore economic balance by means of the real adjustment, the IBW required to the ACFZ the implementation of the exchange adjustment (devaluation of the CFA franc with regard to the French franc) in prerequisite of any financial help and obtained France’ support that then left the ACZF, because of the "doctrine Balladur", by refusing henceforth to grant them any financial help without the prior authorization of the BWI. This imposed devaluation of the CFA franc was not the most effective and credible macroeconomic mode of adjustment, because it did not preserve sustainable economic balance, the real adjustment appeared to be in this situation more effective and credible, but requiring a forward austerity policy. This medium-term failure of the devaluation was added to all the other measures of the PSA of which evaluation revealed a reserved assessment even a failure in particular in the social domain, because not having allowed the return to the economic balance of the ACZF. Furthermore, public aid in development, foreign debt and struggle against poverty which characterized also the IBW intervention in the zone franc of Africa did not reach their expected objective. So, today as yesterday, the cooperation between the IBW and the ACFZ does not benefit these last ones, but rather the industrialized countries, main shareholders of these institutions and holders of the multinational firms. The latter remains the main beneficiaries of PSA. The multilateralism, intended to correct these inequitable economic relations created by the North-South regionalism to the detriment of the South, does not produce either the fair rules necessary for the world market. To compensate for this problem, the ACFZ, as well as the rest of Africa, have to strengthen the regionalism or the integration South-South, the only real profitable institution to their economy. Also, the ACFZ, strengthen by such a report, diversify their partners for development and adopt more and more the " Beijing Consensus " as an alternative model to the " Washington Consensus ", where State regains its role in the regulation of the economic activity in association with the market to create at last a real system of mixed economy
Diane, Fatou. "Gestion des risques de crédit et stabilité financière dans les pays de l'UEMOA." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX24021.
Full textThis thesis tries to measure the impact of the risk management of credit in the financial stability of the countries of the WAEMU. After a detailed this thesis focuses on measuring the impact of credit risk management on the financial stability of WAEMU countries. A detailed analysis of the financial sector leading to a better command of existing financing methods in the zone, a better understanding of financial institutions funding reveals the common point of these components : the credit. The WAEMU financial sector dominated by the banking sector is under the control and supervision of the Central Bank of West African States (BCEAO). It is in charge of the financial stability management and as a result the risk attached to credits. Commercial banks also play their part in this risk management. The search for reasons behind the failure and high banking costs within the union lead to revisiting the WAEMU banking experience characterized by high transactions costs and rigidities and which tends to exclude low income people who represent a non negligible part of the population. Microfincance institutions therefore constitute an appropriate substitute to formal bank. Other financing sources add up to the financial system especially with the rise of migration leading to the financial sector expansion
Bokino, Régis. "Gouvernance à la BCEAO et à la BEAC : expériences monétaires en zone franc africaine." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0287/document.
Full textIf the literature of the inflationary bias of the New Classical School, through the concepts of credibilityand transparency, led to the independence of Central Banks, its review by the New Keynesian Schoolreduced it to an instrumental independence and has highlight the role of its governance, of theimportance of its relationship with politicians for the legitimacy of its action and the essential role of theCouncils of monetary policy.In theory and in practice, this institutional framework that reflects governance shows a Central Bank(MPC) not separated from politics but rather in connection therewith. Insofar the monetary policydecisions, the governance, and procedures for the preparation of the decision are taken by a CPM.The objective of this thesis is to analyze in the light of recent developments, governance at theBCEAO and the BEAC which are the central banks covering two monetary unions from franc zonenamely WAEMU and CAEMC. This thesis also aims to show that the sustainability of these twomonetary unions through the benefits might enjoy better governance and the need for fiscal federalismwithin them thus implying a stronger political union. However, we highlight the barriers embarrassingthis final stage of integration
Sall, Abdoul Khadry. "Les perspectives de ciblage de l'inflation dans les pays de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0507.
Full textThis thesis focuses on evaluating the "Prospects of Inflation Targeting in the WAEMU countries" in the wakeof the new institutional reform followed by the WAMU and the BCEAO. This reform must be accompanied byan explicit operational strategy insofar as its major innovations are very close to a policy of inflation targeting.Accordingly, we assess the impact of monetary policy of the BCEAO that focused on fixed exchange ratesince independence. In this respect, we manifest the inability of the fixed exchange rate policy to anchorinflation expectations in the WAEMU countries and the potential contribution regarding the announcement oftarget in controlling inflation (Chapter 1). In addition, we demonstrate, on the one hand, that the fixedexchange rate policy was not the cause of inflation contained in the WAEMU, and on the other, it providespoor results in terms of high and sustained economic growth (Chapter 2). Consequently, we recommend aframework of combination of an intermediate exchange rate regime and an inflation targeting strategy forWAEMU countries. Hence, an inflation target has been determined and it appears to be different from onecountry to another, against the 2% target announced by the Monetary Policy Committee of the BCEAO(Chapter 3). Finally, we define the inflation targeting rule, and show that the best optimal rule that monetaryauthorities adopt in an inflation targeting framework should ideally, reconciles nominal anchor and economicregulation (Chapter 4)
Ouanzin-Ombenga, Maurice. "Contribution à la connaissance et à la recherche d'efficacité de la BEAC." Bordeaux 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR1D022.
Full textThe following thesis whose subject matter is once again mentioned above is a critical analysis by a university graduate who also happens to be a member of the institution under review. It first of all looks at the central african states central bank as a system, that is a whole with a variety of flux, and shows, following the example of the french central bank's mechanisms, that financial issues are increasingly becoming complex ; most of the time, they alone take up the main available energies. The study then recalls the key steps of the organization and shows that in the beginning its structures were heavily centralized ; an attempt at a decentralization was later initiated, followed by a rapid growth of the logistics and manpower potential. Unfortunately, this rapid expansion was not accompanied by a gradual adequation of the organizational structure, resulting now into the questioning of the work structures and methods. Thus this method of approach leads to a re-definition and the suggestion of a framework for the reorganization of the bank's various activities. The step followed is also presented as a compulsory step
Tita, Anthanasius Fomum. "Interest rate pass-through in Cameroon and Nigeria: a comparative analysis." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002740.
Full textNdjock, Jean Aimé. "Élections politiques et démocratisation en Afrique subsaharienne : le cas des États de l'Afrique centrale." Toulouse 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOU10016.
Full textSince the nineties, democratic elections are brought up to date in Africa. The electoral law of occidental origin still suffers from many imperfections resulting from the locking of electoral processes by their organizers w are also titulars of official authorithy functions in the governments. Only a sound democratic culture will allow the restoration of the african elector in his fundamental political rights
Ako, Édouard. "Financement monétaire du développement et stratégies de constitution des filières de production : le cas des pays de la zone BEAC." Paris 10, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA100107.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to provide free financing in order to build an integrated industrial structure. The study il divided into two parts. In the first part, called: "a critical approach of the unmonetary theory" the study points out the fact that financing the development from collected savings, as required by the wold bank (chapter 1), the IMF (chapter 2) and authors that work close with them (chapter 3), is unefficient. In the second part the study works on the filieres de production theory
Ouapou, Christophe. "Contribution à l'étude de la stratégie d'implantation des entreprises françaises dans les états de l'Afrique centrale : (Cameroun, Centrafrique, Congo, Gabon, Tchad)." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR1D306.
Full textFrench firmes locations in central africa is usually done by big businesses, whose establisliments, organizations is hylhy contralized, without local capital participations, but a production system well established, the mane objective being to anticipat competitions
Ouédraogo, Seydou. "Banques et transmission monétaire dans l'UEMOA : effets des bilans bancaires, de la concentration bancaire et de l'excès de liquidité bancaire sur l'efficacité de la politique monétaire de la BCEAO." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CLF10364/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the double underperformance of financial liberalization policies in the WAEMU : the low bank credit and ineffectiveness of the monetary policy. Precisely it studies the impact of bank resilience on bank lending and on the monetary transmission.The thesis provides the following results : 1/ bank balance sheets alter the monetary transmission, small banks, less capitalized and less liquid banks, transmit more fully the monetary shocks 2/ bank concentration weakens the bank lending to the economy and the monetary policy effectiveness 3/ excess liquidity hampers bank lending and reduces the effectiveness of monetary transmission 4/ excess liquidity is related to bank concentration.The recommendations deal with the banking regulation, the strengthening of monetary policy as well as strategies for financial development
Ndiaye, Cheikh Tidiane. "Chocs extérieurs et politiques monétaire et budgétaire : le cas du Sénégal." Thesis, Orléans, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ORLE0503.
Full textIl is time, after 50 years of independence, to shed light on Senegalese economic performance by focusing on the GDPgrowth path and the role of stabilization policies. Indeed, the behaviors of the Senegalese economic structures are dependent on the vagaries of the international context. These are hardly controllable by the monetary and budgetary authorities. This thesis has proposed to characterize the cyclical growth and analysis of categories of shocks affecting the economy of Senegal. It has distinguished external shocks from fluctuations induced by the functioning of the economy and assessed the ability of monetary and budgetary instruments to deal with them. Thus, there has been discussion of a glimpse of the use and nature of monetary and budgetary policies implemented according to the types of shocks affecting the economy of Senegal.The results suggest the presence of heightened volatility of the cyclical component and a high frequency of breaks intrend. Senegal is highly affected by shocks that are mainly external with some significant persistence. Even though the GDP persistence has decreased particularly since the devaluation of 1994, some structural reforms are needed in order to reinforce the resilience to shocks and the macroeconomic stabilization. These reforms consist in mitigating deficiencies mainly in the productive sector and in the financial. Similarly, the BCEAO’s monetary policy does not sufficiently stabilize the specific shocks of Senegal while national budgetary policy adjusts to external shocks within avery limited scope. The intensity of these shocks is dependent upon the structure of the economy
Bosco, N'Goma Jean-Michel. "Les implications institutionnelles d'une union monétaire : le cas de la Banque Centrale Européenne." Poitiers, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999POIT4005.
Full textVillard, Duran Camila. "L'encadrement juridique de l'accountability de la politique monétaire : une étude de la Banque centrale brésilienne (Bacen), de la Banque centrale européenne (BCE) et de la Réserve fédérale des États-Unis (Fed)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010266.
Full textKounkou, Dominique. "La question de la zone franc en Afrique centrale." Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100152.
Full textSince the Euro coming into force as of lst January 2002, how the CFA Franc zone is faring in Central Africa ? This question leads to another one : Now that France is a member of the European Union and that the French franc does no longer exists, are the cooperation agreements signed between France and the African countries still valid ? Lastly, aren't we witnessing a De facto unconventional substitution of France by the European Union and aren't we therefore in a kind of relationship where the African States would already fend themselves in a constraining position similarly to that of the " Unequal Treaties " Under the Monetary Cooperation Convention signed on the 22"a November 1972 in Brazzaville, Congo, between the member States of the Central Africa Bank (B. E. A. C. ) and the French Republic, the States committed themselves to comply institu personae with the agreed obligations. The African States fend themselves in a situation where they do not have any leeway and they are therefore loosing their confidence, which is jeopardizing the very equilibrium of the convention signed on the 22naNovember 1972. [t is important to audit this Franc zone, deprived of the French franc, to know wether or not the African States would do well to continue with their cooperation using the standards of an " hybrid " monetay system that benefit from the 1972 convention provisions, while trying to some extent to impose the innovation drawn from the European monetary system to which France is a party without being the unique decision-maker. The situation is so unsual for the African States that this audit, carried out with the economic law instruments, is at the very heart of this survey
Godame, Michel. "La politique de sécurité de la Communauté Économique et Monétaire de l'Afrique centrale (CEMAC) : essai sur le renforcement des mécanismes de coopération entre les États membres." Lyon 3, 2008. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/in/theses/2008_in_godame_m.pdf.
Full textThis thesis wants, in form of essay, to question the strengthening of cooperation's mecanisms among the six memberships (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, Equatorial Guinea, Chad), in the centre of the current debate on citizenship and exclusion, affirmation of national identities and integration. It emphasizes, in the first part, the failure's factories of the Custom and Economic Union of Central Africa : the difficult equation nation – federation, the unworkable liberalism which have placed its memberships in (the) « midstream » between the marginality following the globalization's increasing and the new desire for union, the current projects. It points, in the second part and through the CEMAC's promise, to give a better future, by the construction of a real fate's Community founded on the economic and institutional peace. By the way, this thesis would like to show also that the national policies have a distant rapport with the nature or the essence of the integration, even if they have their ideological and historical importance, which remain, therefore, a conventional and unstable process. We are going to analyse these arbitrary constructions which are become the popular beliefs in order to show the desirable direction to the memberships. This work wants finally to criticise the national policies which vacillate between the respect of national sovereignties based on a political victory (the decolonization and the independence) and the will to take up the challenge of the economic and social development resulting of this failure's political victory. In other words, the will to found the collective identity as in a meeting place. The CEMAC's promise will be certainly in this overtaking or passing's effort of local and national identities
Lingwe, Pierre. "De l'union douanière et économique de l'Afrique centrale ( u. D. E. A. C. ) à la communauté économique des états de l'Afrique centrale ( c. E. E. A. C. ), les problèmes de l'élargissement de la coopération et de l'intégration économiques en Afrique centrale." Toulouse 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU10022.
Full textThe Lagos plan action, adopted in 1980 by the o. A. U. , had scheduled an african common market around the end of the century through regional arrangements for economic cooperation and integration. Analysis of these intergovernmental attempts for cooperation in customs union run into economic and politic difficulties. In centra african area, the c. E. E. A. C. , created in 1983 without relations with local u. D. E. A. C. And c. E. P. G. L. Can't move towards coordinated development plans and customs union. For instance, how this previous extension of cooperation zone can work? Can economic organization maximise the gains of cooperation and integration without political unity? Monetary diversity and lack of roads, rail ways linking the neighbourg countries in central Africa are the main obstacles of this economic arrangement
Beumeu, Emmanuel. "Systèmes financiers et développement : mobilisation des ressources dans les pays de la zone franc (cas des pays B.E.A.C.)." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUEL302.
Full textThe purpose of this thesis is to detect the role played by the financial systems in the economic development. Just after the independencies, the whole French-speaking countries of Black Africa were concerned by the mobilization of the resources which had to allow them to finance the economic activities. The creation or the transformation of a certain number of financial institutions were previoused for this way. More than thirty years after, the social and economic situation (stagnant growth, decrease of the tax revenues, political disorder and the virtually bankruptcy of banking sectors) suppose a profund failure of the strategies which were set up. The reform of the financial circulations seems to be one of the substancial features of the depression which affects the countries of the B. E. A. C. Zone, as well as the process of transformation of the economic scene which has been settled by these countries. The process aims at increasing the domestic resources and above all at improving the efficiency of investments. In this context, we have considered important to adopt a global vision which go beyond the scope of the financial system. This vision consists in analysing the environment in which the financial middlemen interfere. Indeed, the financial reforms must be included in a global process. We principally contributed to prove that the absence of industrialization of these countries was not necessarily linked to a lack of funds, as we usually think, but more to a inadequate management, based upon the principle of « the government by the privileged people », that we can find within economic sectors and administrations. So, we have drawn up some measures, without claiming that we found the miracle solution that would get these countries out of depression
Nguegoue, Bruno. "La question du taux de change et de ses modifications en régime de parités fixes : le cas du Franc de la Coopération Financière en Afrique Centrale ou Franc CFA." Rouen, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ROUEL268.
Full textAt first, we examine the theoretical ability of exchange rate policy and comparable policies to correct external and internal imbalances in a small open economy while specifying the difficulties that each economic policy faces. Then, we analyse the planning of the national policies,the economic and financial indicators, and the structures of the economy of the member countries of the Banque des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale (B. E. A. C. ) On the one hand, we show the obstacles which limit the effectiveness of a change of the CFA Franc parity and propose some solutions to overcome those obstacles. On the other hand, we point out the situations of macroeconomic desequilibrium, inquire into their causes and indicate adapted policies to overcome them. Finally, we present theoretical models concerning the Marshall-Lerner condition and the determinants of medium/long run exchange rate; then, we estimate the price and income elasticities for both import demand functions for member countries of the BEAC country of the perfect or imperfect monetary union. We analyse the economic results of changes of the CFA Franc parity by simulating hypothetical exchange rate scenarios and propose some plans to allow the managers of the BEAC to practice easily an active exchange rate policy
Mazido, Abel. "Le Régime monétaire du compte d'opérations et le degré de liberté économique des états de la B.E.A.C. (Banque des Etats de l'Afrique Centrale)." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37607806b.
Full textTraversa, Marina. "Three essays in finance." Thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022EHEC0011.
Full textThe first paper of the thesis adds to the literature on the employment drop between 2007 and 2010 in the US. I show that one reason for this drop is the fact that the level of employment was, in 2007, too high than it should, due to labor-capital substitution arisen in the housing boom. The second paper, instead, shows that adverse selection is a key determinant of banking market structure. Using data on US bank branches over 1981-2016, I find that banks are more likely to expand in counties that are similar, in terms of industry shares, to those in which they already have branches. Second, when contracting, banks are more likely to close or sell branches in similar areas. These results suggest that banks value diversification, but that informational barriers prevent them from achieving optimal scale. These findings have implications for banking competition and the rise of fintechs. Finally, the third paper examines the link between the VIX/VSTOXX and monetary policy in both the US and the euro area. From previous results of the literature, I predict that the VIX (VSTOXX) should rise with central banks tightening. I find that, while this is true until 2007, the subsequent financial crisis altered the standard transmission mechanism: the new unconventional monetary polices adopted by the Fed and the ECB don't seem to impact investors' sentiment, and the conventional ones are effective only in the Euro area. A possible explanation for these results is that interest rates in the US reached the zero lower bound much earlier than in the Euro area and that central bank asset growth (unconventional monetary policy loosening) was perceived, by market participants, as a sign that economic recovery hadn't been achieved yet
Bouterf-Otmani, Mounya. "Analyse de la politique monétaire de la Banque centrale européenne et la posture du G20 face à la crise des subprimes." Paris 8, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA084098.
Full textThe creation of the European monetary zone is a remarkable step in the history of Europe. Then, the European monetary policy is considered as a key element in the economy of this zone. The subprime mortgage crisis has forced the ECB to intervene in the market by conventional and unconventional instruments, especially after the collapse of the U. S. Bank “Lehman Brothers”, in the Black Monday 15 September 2008. Despite these interventions, the European economy has not found its equilibrium which required the intervention of the high-level meetings of the G20. To be able to cope with future crises, this zone needs deeper and more radical reforms that must reanimate the European productive machine, achieve the desired growth and thus reduce unemployment, which weakens more the European economy
Bationo, Bassambié. "La transmission de la politique monétaire dans une Union monétaire : cas de l'Union Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UMOA)." Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090054.
Full textThe objective of this work is to analyze the transmission channels of monetary policy in the context of a monetary union. We first analyzed governance, independence and transparency of the institutional framework for implementation of monetary policy. Using the model of Grilli et al. (1991), it appears that the BCEAO has a high degree of independence to modern central banks. Then, the estimated structural VAR models on quarterly data, in which interest rates are considered exogenous and other weakly exogenous variables, shows the heterogeneity of the effects of monetary policy in the member countries of the Union and existence of two main transmission channels namely the interbank rate channel and the credit channel. Our results confirm the effects of interest rate small-scale but significant on inflation and investment. The direct effect of interest rates on GDP is small and not significant. Finally, the study of the BCEAO reaction function to address issues related to arbitration between inflation and output in the conduct of monetary policy. The estimate of a modified Taylor rule, incorporating an explicit intermediate target of foreign assets, resulting in a trade for activity since the implementation of the reform of monetary policy in 1989
Tongnivi, Foade Denis Joël. "Processus internes de désajustement dans la régulation monétaire en Côte d'Ivoire." Grenoble 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE21009.
Full textThis doctoral thesis deals with the imbalance of monetary control in the cote d'ivoire caused by external economic pressures. This research with suggests different ways of limiting the effects of these factors. This study has been divided into two main parts : the first underlines the breakdown between the means of financing and money that is in circulation, in the context of the external impact on the ivoirian economy. The second raises a certain number of questions about the optimum features concerning monetary regulation that is to say to limit these internal factors and particulary how to determine the key-sectors to which the central bank of west african states (bceao) could assign funds as a priority. This thesis focuses on different theories of money supply, monetary control, decisions as well as macroeconometric methods and enables useful analyses leading to a range of solutions to the problem addressed by this work : "is there a possibility for the ivoirian economy, which is submitted to external economic pressure such as the fluctuation of the international prices of raw materials (coffee and cocoa) to ensure the efficiency of its monetary control policy ? how to reduce the destabilising effects of these shocks and how to determine the key-sectors where the central bank of west african states (bceao) could assign funds ?". To conclude, the creation of a monetary system which is partly exogenous is linked to external economic pressure in the cote d'ivoire and it is oriented towards exported commodities. That is why controlling the money supply is difficult and it is not easy to ensure the efficiency of a monetary regulation policy. It is necessary to reduce the internal factors related to this imbalance by trying to find an optimum money control that could be oriented towards the key-sectors of the economy
Sanou, Dramane. "La juridictionnalisation des organisations régionales d'intégration économique en Afrique." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010273.
Full textSall, Abdoul Khadry. "Les perspectives de ciblage de l'inflation dans les pays de l'Union Economique et Monétaire Ouest Africaine (UEMOA)." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE0507/document.
Full textThis thesis focuses on evaluating the "Prospects of Inflation Targeting in the WAEMU countries" in the wakeof the new institutional reform followed by the WAMU and the BCEAO. This reform must be accompanied byan explicit operational strategy insofar as its major innovations are very close to a policy of inflation targeting.Accordingly, we assess the impact of monetary policy of the BCEAO that focused on fixed exchange ratesince independence. In this respect, we manifest the inability of the fixed exchange rate policy to anchorinflation expectations in the WAEMU countries and the potential contribution regarding the announcement oftarget in controlling inflation (Chapter 1). In addition, we demonstrate, on the one hand, that the fixedexchange rate policy was not the cause of inflation contained in the WAEMU, and on the other, it providespoor results in terms of high and sustained economic growth (Chapter 2). Consequently, we recommend aframework of combination of an intermediate exchange rate regime and an inflation targeting strategy forWAEMU countries. Hence, an inflation target has been determined and it appears to be different from onecountry to another, against the 2% target announced by the Monetary Policy Committee of the BCEAO(Chapter 3). Finally, we define the inflation targeting rule, and show that the best optimal rule that monetaryauthorities adopt in an inflation targeting framework should ideally, reconciles nominal anchor and economicregulation (Chapter 4)
Zaki, Moussa Halima. "Regard sur l'efficacité du système juridictionnel dans les espaces d'intégration en Afrique : cas de la CEDEAO, de la CEMAC, de l'OHADA et de l'UEMOA." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMLH32.
Full textThe African continent is distinguished by the proliferation of organizations with an integrative vocation. These organizations adopt acts that are binding on the Member States as well as on community structures and which are intended to be applied to individuals. In this context, Community courts are called upon to play a central role in the integration process.It appears, however, that the Community jurisdictions of Africa in general and of West and Central Africa in particular still play a rather unclear role, hence the trampling of the integration process.What factors hinder the full effectiveness of these jurisdictions and what improvements could be made to make them engines of regional integration? To answer these questions we are interested both in the vertical relationship involving jurisdictions, Member States and Community institutions, as well as in the horizontal relationship, that is to say with national courts on the one hand and Community courts on the other. A restructuring as well as a re-reading of the different lines of law are then proposed