Log in

Relevant bibliographies by topics / Barberton Greenstone belt / Journal articles

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Barberton Greenstone belt.

Journal articles on the topic 'Barberton Greenstone belt'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Barberton Greenstone belt.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Anhaeusser, C. R. "The geology and tectonic evolution of the northwest part of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa: A review." South African Journal of Geology 122, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 421–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.122.0033.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractFormations on the northwestern flank of the Barberton Greenstone Belt have hosted over 85% of all the gold recovered from the ca. 3550 to 3000 Ma Barberton Supergroup since early discoveries in 1872. This sector of the greenstone belt also happens to coincide with a complex tectonic architecture resulting from successive stages of folding and faulting superimposed onto a complex lithostratigraphy. Of particular importance has been the influence of two diapiric granitoid intrusions that caused added structural complexity following their emplacement ca. 3227 to 3250 Ma. Of these the larger Kaap Valley Pluton invaded the area north of present day Barberton town causing the separation of the greenstones into a northern arm (Jamestown Schist Belt) and a southern sector which remained attached to the main greenstone belt (Moodies Hills). The ballooning pluton produced vertical as well as horizontal flattening stresses, the latter reactivating earlier high-angle faults and resulting in subhorizontal strike-slip movements, particularly along the Barbrook Fault Zone, which acted as a right-lateral strike-slip fault. Formations north of this fault were buckled, following progressive deformation in the region known as the Sheba Hills, into major synclinal folds (Eureka and Ulundi Synclines) with folded axial planes that dip steeply to the south, southeast or east. The second granitoid intrusion (Stentor Pluton), which has been extensively modified by subsequent magmatic events, caused significant flattening of greenstone belt rocks in the northeastern part of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (Three Sisters region) as well as in other areas rimming the granitic body. Combined, the two plutons produced a wide range of interference and reactivated structures particularly affecting a triangular region extending from the Jamestown Schist Belt into the area occupied by the New Consort Gold Mine and areas to the east. This paper attempts to outline, in the simplest manner, the geological and structural evolution of the main gold-producing region of the Barberton Goldfield. The principal aim is therefore to highlight the structural influence of the diapiric plutonism and the manner in which the plutons contributed significantly to the horizontal reactivation of pre-existing regional faults, which in turn, resulted in the progressive deformation of a heterogeneous lithological terrane.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Hofmann, A., C. R. Anhaeusser, and X.-H. Li. "Layered ultramafic complexes of the Barberton Greenstone Belt – age constraints and tectonic implications." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0002.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Layered ultramafic–mafic complexes are a common component of the stratigraphically uppermost part of the Onverwacht Group of the Barberton Greenstone Belt. Associated with the Mendon Formation in the south and the Weltevreden Formation in the north, they represent an assemblage of thick differentiated flows and shallow synvolcanic intrusions ranging in composition from dunite to gabbro. U-Pb zircon dating of gabbro from the Sawmill and the Mundt’s Concession ultramafic complexes from the northern part of the Barberton Greenstone Belt yielded ages of 3 258 ± 8 Ma and 3 244 ± 11 Ma, respectively. The ultramafic complexes are thus regarded to have been emplaced during a magmatic flare-up in the final stage of Weltevreden Formation volcanism, post-dating ultramafic magmatism in the southern part of the belt by several millions of years and thus suggesting diachronous evolution of the Onverwacht Group in the Barberton Greenstone Belt.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Diener, J. F. A., and A. Dziggel. "Can mineral equilibrium modelling provide additional details on metamorphism of the Barberton garnet amphibolites?" South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 211–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0003.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The Stolzburg domain to the south of the Barberton Greenstone Belt preserves evidence for a 3.23 Ga subduction–collision tectonic event. Garnet amphibolite greenstone remnants have previously yielded conventional thermobarometric P-T estimates of 12 to 15 kbar at 600 to 650°C, 8 to 11 kbar at 650 to 700°C and 7.5 to 8.5 kbar at 560 to 640°C from, respectively, the Inyoni shear zone along the western margin of the Stolzburg domain, the central part of the domain and from the Tjakastad schist belt on the boundary with the main body of the Barberton Greenstone Belt. Pseudosection calculations constrain the stability conditions of the peak metamorphic assemblages at the three localities to be 10 kbar at 675 to 690°C, ~10 kbar at 700°C and ~7 and 10 kbar at 660°C respectively. Although it is possible that the peak metamorphic assemblages may be displaced to somewhat lower conditions if Mn is considered in the calculations, these estimates are generally in good agreement with existing estimates, and confirm that the Stolzburg domain exposes an intact mid- to lower-crustal section that was metamorphosed in a relatively cool environment at 3.23 Ga. Our results do not support previously documented higher-pressure conditions, and we contend that the mineral assemblages used to derive these estimates can equally reflect the conditions determined here. The presence of albite-epidote inclusion assemblages in garnet indicates that the likely prograde path involved a component of heating at depth, which is typical of subduction–collision environments and markedly different from the heating–burial paths expected for sinking greenstones in a vertical tectonic model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ward, J. H. W. "Geology and metallogeny of the Barberton greenstone belt: a survey." Journal of African Earth Sciences 21, no. 2 (August 1995): 213–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(95)00067-4.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Dziggel, A., R. A. Armstrong, G. Stevens, and L. Nasdala. "Growth of zircon and titanite during metamorphism in the granitoid-gneiss terrane south of the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Mineralogical Magazine 69, no. 6 (December 2005): 1019–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461056960305.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractSHRIMP U-Pb zircon and titanite dating have been used to constrain the timing of mid- to lower- crustal metamorphism (∼650—700°C and 8—11 kbar) and syn-kinematic melting in the granitoid gneiss- dominated terrane south of the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa. This study is concentrated on a clastic metasedimentary unit exposed in one of several greenstone remnants and a late-kinematic trondhjemite intrusive into spatially associated mixed gneisses. Locally, the clastic metasediments show extensive replacement of garnet and plagioclase by epidote and titanite. The titanites yield an upper intercept date of 3229±9 Ma, and provide a minimum age for the peak of metamorphism. Zircons separated from the same unit record a range of concordant and near-concordant 207Pb/206Pb dates between ∼3560 and 3230 Ma, the youngest group yielding a weighted mean date of 3227±7 Ma. This range of dates is interpreted to be due to a combination of metamorphic recrystallization and high- temperature Pb-loss in originally detrital zircons during regional metamorphism. A minimum age for the timing of deformation is given by the emplacement age of 3229±5 Ma for the late-kinematic trondhjemite. Thus, geochronological data support the notion of a major metamorphic episode that coincided with the proposed short-lived terrane accretion event in the centre of the Barberton greenstone belt.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Van Kranendonk, Martin J. "Cool greenstone drips and the role of partial convective overturn in Barberton greenstone belt evolution." Journal of African Earth Sciences 60, no. 5 (July 2011): 346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2011.03.012.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Furnes, Harald, Maarten J. de Wit, Brian Robins, and Nils Rune Sandstå. "Volcanic evolution of the upper Onverwacht Suite, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 186, no. 1-4 (April 2011): 28–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2010.11.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

de Wit, Maarten J., Harald Furnes, and Brian Robins. "Geology and tectonostratigraphy of the Onverwacht Suite, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 186, no. 1-4 (April 2011): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2010.12.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Byerly, Benjamin L., Donald R. Lowe, Nadja Drabon, Matthew A. Coble, Dale H. Burns, and Gary R. Byerly. "Hadean zircon from a 3.3 Ga sandstone, Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Geology 46, no. 11 (September 27, 2018): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g45276.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Homann, Martin. "Earliest life on Earth: Evidence from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Earth-Science Reviews 196 (September 2019): 102888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102888.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Smith, H. S., C. R. Anhaeusser, B. Kimber, R. Jardine, C. Harris, and A. J. Erlank. "Komatiite flows, barberton greenstone belt: Geochemical Comparison of Gi and Gii types." Chemical Geology 70, no. 1-2 (August 1988): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2541(88)90631-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Paris, I. A. "Depositional environment of the Onverwacht sedimentary rocks Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 10, no. 3 (January 1990): 509–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(90)90103-l.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

de Wit, Maarten J. "Archaean greenstone belt tectonism and basin development: some insights from the Barberton and Pietersburg greenstone belts, Kaapvaal Craton, South Africa." Journal of African Earth Sciences (and the Middle East) 13, no. 1 (January 1991): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0899-5362(91)90043-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Cutts, K. A., K. A. Maneiro, G. Stevens, and E. F. Baxter. "Metamorphic evolution for the Inyoni shear zone: Investigating the geodynamic evolution of a 3.20 Ga terrane boundary in the Barberton granitoid greenstone terrane, South Africa." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0009.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The Inyoni shear zone represents an important tectonic boundary between (i) the ca. 3.45 Ga high-pressure amphibolite facies, granite-greenstone domain south of the Barberton greenstone belt, termed the Stolzburg terrane, and (ii) the ca. 3.29 to 3.23 Ga rocks of the trondhjemitic Badplaas pluton to the west. The Stolzburg terrane is separated from the greenschist facies rocks of the rest of the Barberton greenstone belt by the Komati fault, which records >10 km uplift of the Stolzburg terrane relative to the lower-grade rocks of the greenstone belt at ca. 3.23 Ga. A number of studies within the Stolzburg terrane have documented high-pressure amphibolite facies metamorphism that occurred concurrently with exhumation, with the lowest apparent geothermal gradients documented in the Inyoni shear zone, where strong constraints on the age of metamorphism are most limited. In addition, different studies on Inyoni metamorphism have produced significantly different temperature estimates. This study utilizes garnet Sm-Nd geochronology in combination with P-T modelling to directly date the metamorphism and re-evaluate the P-T conditions of the Inyoni shear zone. Two petrologically distinct samples produce similar P-T evolutions. A heterogeneous sample with both garnet-bearing and garnet-absent domains gives up-P evolutions reaching conditions of 550 to 675°C and 7 to 10 kbar, whereas a homogenous sample containing garnet and clinopyroxene produces a similar dominantly up-P evolution reaching peak conditions of 650°C and 8 to 10 kbar. Sm-Nd garnet ages of 3 201.6 ± 4.7 Ma (MSWD = 1.02) and 3 200.3 ± 5.3 Ma (MSWD = 0.44) were obtained from two samples of the homogenous garnet and clinopyroxene-bearing amphibolite. The Sm-Nd garnet geochronology provides accurate ages for the metamorphism of the Inyoni shear zone, with age results suggesting activity on the Inyoni shear zone may have continued after the regional metamorphism at ca. 3.23 Ga previously established by zircon U-Pb geochronology. However, 147Sm decay constant uncertainty leaves open the possibility that Inyoni garnet growth could have coincided with the previously recognized 3.23 Ga regional metamorphism.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Saitoh, Masafumi, Sami Nabhan, Christophe Thomazo, Nicolas Olivier, Jean-François Moyen, Yuichiro Ueno, and Johanna Marin-Carbonne. "Multiple Sulfur Isotope Records of the 3.22 Ga Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt." Geosciences 10, no. 4 (April 16, 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences10040145.

Full text

Abstract:

The Moodies Group, the uppermost unit in the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) in South Africa, is a ~3.7-km-thick coarse clastic succession accumulated on terrestrial-to-shallow marine settings at around 3.22 Ga. The multiple sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite of Moodies intervals was newly obtained to examine the influence of these depositional settings on the sulfur isotope record. Conglomerate and sandstone rocks were collected from three synclines north of the Inyoka Fault of the central BGB, namely, the Eureka, Dycedale, and Saddleback synclines. The sulfur isotopic composition of pyrite was analyzed by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) for 6 samples from the three synclines and by Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometry (IR-MS) for 17 samples from a stratigraphic section in the Saddleback Syncline. The present results show a signal of mass-independent fractionation of sulfur isotopes (S-MIF), although t-tests statistically demonstrated that the Moodies S-MIF signals (mostly 0‰ < ∆33S < +0.5‰) are significantly small compared to the signal of the older Paleoarchean (3.6–3.2 Ga) records. These peculiar signatures might be related to initial deposition of detrital pyrite of juvenile origin from the surrounding intrusive (tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite; TTG) and felsic volcanic rocks, and/or to secondary addition of hydrothermal sulfur during late metasomatism. Moreover, fast accumulation (~0.1–1 mm/year) of the Moodies sediments might have led to a reduced accumulation of sulfur derived from an atmospheric source during their deposition. As a result, the sulfur isotopic composition of the sediments may have become susceptible to the secondary addition of metasomatic sulfur on a mass balance point of view. The sulfur isotopic composition of Moodies pyrite is similar to the composition of sulfides from nearby gold mines. It suggests that, after the Moodies deposition, metasomatic pyrite formation commonly occurred north of the Inyoka Fault in the central BGB at 3.1–3.0 Ga.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Min, ZHANG, HAN XiaoHua, and PAN YongXin. "Rock magnetism of the banded iron formation in Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Acta Petrologica Sinica 35, no. 7 (2019): 2206–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18654/1000-0569/2019.07.16.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Trower, Elizabeth J., and Donald R. Lowe. "Sedimentology of the ∼3.3 Ga upper Mendon Formation, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 281 (August 2016): 473–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.06.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Toulkeridis, Theofilos, Norbert Clauer, and Alfred Kr:oner. "Chemical variations in clay minerals of the Archaean Barberton Greenstone Belt (South Africa)." Precambrian Research 79, no. 3-4 (September 1996): 195–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9268(96)00081-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Lowe, Donald R. "Accretionary history of the Archean Barberton Greenstone Belt (3.55-3.22 Ga), southern Africa." Geology 22, no. 12 (1994): 1099. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<1099:ahotab>2.3.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Heubeck, Christoph, and Donald R. Lowe. "Late syndepositional deformation and detachment tectonics in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Tectonics 13, no. 6 (December 1994): 1514–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/94tc01809.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Paris, Isabelle, Ian G. Stanistreet, and Martin J. Hughes. "Cherts of the Barberton Greenstone Belt Interpreted as Products of Submarine Exhalative Activity." Journal of Geology 93, no. 2 (March 1985): 111–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/628935.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Fu, Roger R., Nadja Drabon, Michael Wiedenbeck, Alec R. Brenner, Donald R. Lowe, and Cauê S. Borlina. "Paleomagnetism of 3.5-4.0 Ga zircons from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 567 (August 2021): 116999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2021.116999.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Staudigel, Hubert, Harald Furnes, and Maarten DeWit. "Paleoarchean trace fossils in altered volcanic glass." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 22 (May 18, 2015): 6892–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1421052112.

Full text

Abstract:

Microbial corrosion textures in volcanic glass from Cenozoic seafloor basalts and the corresponding titanite replacement microtextures in metamorphosed Paleoarchean pillow lavas have been interpreted as evidence for a deep biosphere dating back in time through the earliest periods of preserved life on earth. This interpretation has been recently challenged for Paleoarchean titanite replacement textures based on textural and geochronological data from pillow lavas in the Hooggenoeg Complex of the Barberton Greenstone Belt in South Africa. We use this controversy to explore the strengths and weaknesses of arguments made in support or rejection of the biogenicity interpretation of bioalteration trace fossils in Cenozoic basalt glasses and their putative equivalents in Paleoarchean greenstones. Our analysis suggests that biogenicity cannot be taken for granted for all titanite-based textures in metamorphosed basalt glass, but a cautious and critical evaluation of evidence suggests that biogenicity remains the most likely interpretation for previously described titanite microtextures in Paleoarchean pillow lavas.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Montinaro, Alice, Harald Strauss, Paul R. D. Mason, Desiree Roerdink, Carsten Münker, Ulrich Schwarz-Schampera, Nicholas T. Arndt, et al. "Paleoarchean sulfur cycling: Multiple sulfur isotope constraints from the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 267 (September 2015): 311–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2015.06.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Lowe, Donald R., Nadja Drabon, and Gary R. Byerly. "Crustal fracturing, unconformities, and barite deposition, 3.26–3.23 Ga, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 327 (July 2019): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2019.02.024.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Altigani, M. A. H., R. K. W. Merkle, and R. D. Dixon. "Geochemical identification of episodes of gold mineralisation in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Ore Geology Reviews 75 (June 2016): 186–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.oregeorev.2015.12.016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Kröner, Alfred, and Wolfgang Todt. "Single zircon dating constraining the maximum age of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, southern Africa." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 93, B12 (December 10, 1988): 15329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/jb093ib12p15329.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Schürmann, L. W., J. H. W. Ward, U. E. Horstmann, L. J. Jordaan, and B. Eaton. "Carbonate dykes associated with Arch˦an lode-Au mineralisation, Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Journal of African Earth Sciences 30, no. 2 (February 2000): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0899-5362(00)00018-x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Stiegler, M. Thompson, Donald R. Lowe, and Gary R. Byerly. "Abundant pyroclastic komatiitic volcanism in the 3.5–3.2 Ga Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Geology 36, no. 10 (2008): 779. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g24854a.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Sanchez-Garrido, Cynthia J. M. G., Gary Stevens, Richard A. Armstrong, Jean-François Moyen, Hervé Martin, and Régis Doucelance. "Diversity in Earth's early felsic crust: Paleoarchean peraluminous granites of the Barberton Greenstone Belt." Geology 39, no. 10 (October 2011): 963–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g32193.1.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Nocita, Bruce W., and Donald R. Lowe. "Fan-delta sequence in the Archean Fig Tree Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 48, no. 4 (December 1990): 375–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(90)90049-v.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Heubeck, Christoph, and Donald R. Lowe. "Depositional and tectonic setting of the Archean Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 68, no. 3-4 (August 1994): 257–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-9268(94)90033-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Gardiner, N. J., J. A. Mulder, C. L. Kirkland, T. E. Johnson, and O. Nebel. "Palaeoarchaean TTGs of the Pilbara and Kaapvaal cratons compared; an early Vaalbara supercraton evaluated." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 37–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0010.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract The continental crust that dominates Earth’s oldest cratons comprises Eoarchaean to Palaeoarchaean (4.0 to 3.2 Ga) felsic intrusive rocks of the tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) series. These are found either within high-grade gneiss terranes, which represent Archaean mid-continental crust, or low-grade granite-greenstone belts, which represent relic Archaean upper continental crust. The Palaeoarchaean East Pilbara Terrane (EPT), Pilbara Craton, Western Australia, and the Barberton Granite-Greenstone Belt (BGGB), Kaapvaal Craton, southern Africa, are two of the best exposed granite-greenstone belts. Their striking geological similarities has led to the postulated existence of Vaalbara, a Neoarchaean-Palaeoproterozoic supercraton. Although their respective TTG domes have been compared in terms of a common petrogenetic origin reflecting a volcanic plateau setting, there are important differences in their age, geochemistry, and isotopic profiles. We present new zircon Hf isotope data from five granite domes of the EPT and compare the geochemical and isotopic record of the Palaeoarchaean TTGs from both cratons. Rare >3.5 Ga EPT evolved rocks have juvenile εHf(t) requiring a chondritic source. In contrast, younger TTG domes developed via 3.5 to 3.4 and 3.3 to 3.2 Ga magmatic supersuites with a greater range of εHf(t) towards more depleted and enriched values, trace element signatures requiring an enriched source, and xenocrystic zircons that reflects a mixed source to the TTGs, which variously assimilates packages of older felsic crust and a more juvenile mafic source. EPT TTG domes are composite and record multiple pulses of magmatism. In comparison, BGGB TTGs are less geochemically enriched than those of the EPT and have different age profiles, hosting coeval magmatic units. Hafnium isotopes suggest a predominantly juvenile source to 3.2 Ga northern Barberton TTGs, limited assimilation of older evolved crust in 3.4 Ga southern Barberton TTGs, but significant assimilation of older (Hadean-Eoarchaean) crust in the ca. 3.6 Ga TTGs of the Ancient Gneiss Complex. The foundation of the EPT is younger than that for the oldest components of the Eastern Kaapvaal. Although the broader prevailing Palaeoarchaean geologic framework in which these two cratons formed may reflect similar a geodynamic regime, the superficial similarities in dome structures and stratigraphy of both cratonic terranes is not reflected in their geochemical and age profiles. Both the similarities and the differences between the crustal histories of the two cratons highlights that they are formed from distinct terranes with different ages and individual evolutionary histories. Vaalbara sensu lato represents typical Palaeoarchaean cratonic crust, not in the sense of a single homogeneous craton, but one as diverse as the continents are today.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Roerdink, Desiree L., Paul R. D. Mason, Martin J. Whitehouse, and Fraukje M. Brouwer. "Reworking of atmospheric sulfur in a Paleoarchean hydrothermal system at Londozi, Barberton Greenstone Belt, Swaziland." Precambrian Research 280 (July 2016): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.05.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

ROBINS, BRIAN, NILS R. SANDSTÅ, HARALD FURNES, and MAARTEN DE WIT. "Evidence for refilling of previously emptied basaltic pillows in the Hooggenoeg Complex, Barberton Greenstone Belt." Geological Magazine 148, no. 3 (October 26, 2010): 435–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756810000853.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractSome large metabasaltic pillows in the uppermost part of the Palaeoarchaean Hooggenoeg Complex in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa, exhibit flow-banded margins and homogeneous cores that have a different texture and compositional variation. The margins consist of millimetre to several centimetre thick alternating bands of pale green spherulitic and darker, conspicuously variolitic varieties of non-vesicular and aphyric metabasalt, previously inferred to be due to mingling of two different types of lava. The dark cores have sharp, aphanitic contacts with the flow-banded carapaces. They lack flow banding, have coarse-grained interiors and exhibit well-preserved primary textures with pseudomorphs after prismatic pyroxene set in a groundmass containing skeletal plagioclase. The compositional range of samples from these cores is unlike that of the flow-banded metabasalt but is similar to a 19 m thick lobate metabasalt flow ~150 m stratigraphically further up, at the local top of the Hooggenoeg volcanic sequence. The pillow cores are inferred to result from the later refilling of drained hollow pillows.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Lana, Cristiano, Eric Tohver, and Peter Cawood. "Quantifying rates of dome-and-keel formation in the Barberton granitoid-greenstone belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 177, no. 1-2 (February 2010): 199–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2009.12.001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Bontognali, Tomaso R. R., Woodward W. Fischer, and Karl B. Föllmi. "Siliciclastic associated banded iron formation from the 3.2Ga Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 226 (March 2013): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2012.12.003.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Grosch, Eugene G. "Metamorphic processes preserved in early Archean supracrustal rocks of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 478, no. 1 (June 22, 2018): 315–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp478.15.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Nocita, Bruce W. "Sandstone petrology of the Archean Fig Tree Group, Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa: Tectonic implications." Geology 17, no. 10 (1989): 953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1989)017<0953:spotaf>2.3.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Toulkeridis, Theofilos, Steven L. Goldstein, Norbert Clauer, Alfred Kröner, and Donald R. Lowe. "Sm-Nd dating of Fig Tree clay minerals of the Barberton greenstone belt, South Africa." Geology 22, no. 3 (1994): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1994)022<0199:sndoft>2.3.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Eriksson, Kenneth A., and Edward L. Simpson. "Quantifying the oldest tidal record: The 3.2 Ga Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Geology 28, no. 9 (September 2000): 831–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)028<0831:qtotrt>2.3.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Eriksson, Kenneth A., and Edward L. Simpson. "Quantifying the oldest tidal record: The 3.2 Ga Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Geology 28, no. 9 (2000): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<831:qtotrt>2.0.co;2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Cavalazzi, Barbara, Laurence Lemelle, Alexandre Simionovici, Sherry L. Cady, Michael J. Russell, Elena Bailo, Roberto Canteri, et al. "Cellular remains in a ~3.42-billion-year-old subseafloor hydrothermal environment." Science Advances 7, no. 29 (July 2021): eabf3963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abf3963.

Full text

Abstract:

Subsurface habitats on Earth host an extensive extant biosphere and likely provided one of Earth’s earliest microbial habitats. Although the site of life’s emergence continues to be debated, evidence of early life provides insights into its early evolution and metabolic affinity. Here, we present the discovery of exceptionally well-preserved, ~3.42-billion-year-old putative filamentous microfossils that inhabited a paleo-subseafloor hydrothermal vein system of the Barberton greenstone belt in South Africa. The filaments colonized the walls of conduits created by low-temperature hydrothermal fluid. Combined with their morphological and chemical characteristics as investigated over a range of scales, they can be considered the oldest methanogens and/or methanotrophs that thrived in an ultramafic volcanic substrate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Van Kranendonk, M. J. "Gliding and overthrust nappe tectonics of the Barberton Greenstone Belt revisited: A review of deformation styles and processes." South African Journal of Geology 124, no. 1 (March 1, 2021): 181–210. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.124.0017.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Interpretations of the structural/tectonic evolution of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) and its surrounding granitoid rocks remain controversial, with proponents for both horizontal thrust-accretion (plate tectonic) and partial convective overturn (vertical tectonic) models. Here, an area of complex folds that was used to support the operation of plate tectonic-derived gliding and overthrust nappe tectonics is re-investigated in detail and placed within the broader structural development of the BGB and surrounding granitoid domains via a re-analysis of structures, and geochronological, stratigraphic and metamorphic data across the whole of this important geological terrain. The results of detailed field mapping show that the complex folds, which occur on the northern limb of the 20 km wavelength, vertically plunging, Onverwacht Anticline, do not represent a re-folded, originally recumbent, isoclinal fold, as previously interpreted. Instead, the folds represent a moderately shallow east-plunging fold train that formed from a single episode of deformation. Fold asymmetry is consistent with formation during originally north-side-up reverse shear on bounding faults, consistent with the offset direction required to explain the fault-repeated slices of Mendon Formation + Fig Tree Group rocks that uniquely occur across the northern limb of the Onverwacht Anticline. More broadly, a review of the BGB and surrounding granitoid rocks show that formation was likely through two discrete, ~120 Ma long, episodes of mantle upwelling, or plume, magmatism, each of which led to crustal melting and partial convective overturn (PCO), a tectonic mechanism that arises from the gravity-driven interaction between dense, upper crustal greenstones and partially melted, more buoyant, granitoid-dominated middle crust. The first mantle upwelling episode, at 3 530 to 3 410 Ma, commenced with long-lived eruption of ultramafic-mafic lavas of the Sandspruit, Theespruit, Komati, and lower Hooggenoeg formations (3 530 to 3 470 Ma). Heat from this magmatic event gave rise to partial melting of the crust that, combined with fractionation of mafic magma chambers produced widespread felsic magmatism at 3 470 to 3 410 Ma (upper Hooggenoeg Formation and Buck Reef Chert), the latter parts of which were accompanied by the formation of D1 dome-and-keel structures via PCO in deeper-levels of the crust represented by the Stolzburg Domain in the far southwest part of the belt. The second mantle upwelling, or plume, episode commenced at 3 334 to 3 215 Ma with the eruption of ultramafic-mafic lavas of the Kromberg, Mendon and Weltevreden formations. Heat from this magmatic event gave rise to renewed partial melting of the crust that, combined with fractionation of mafic magma chambers, produced widespread felsic magmatism at 3 290 to 3 215 Ma. A second, longer-lived and more complex, multi-stage episode of PCO (D2-D4) accompanied deposition of the Fig Tree and Moodies groups from 3 250 to 3 215 Ma. Late D5 deformation accompanied emplacement of the Mpulizi and Piggs Peak batholiths at ca. 3.01 Ga, as previously identified. The Inyoka and Kromberg faults, which separate domains with distinct structural styles, represent neither terrane boundaries nor suture zones, but rather axial faults that separate deformed but generally inward-facing greenstone panels that sank inwards off rising granitoid domains that surround the BGB.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

DIRKS, P. H. G. M., E. G. CHARLESWORTH, and M. R. MUNYAI. "CRATONIC EXTENSION AND ARCHAEAN GOLD MINERALISATION IN THE SHEBA-FAIRVIEW MINE, BARBERTON GREENSTONE BELT, SOUTH AFRICA." South African Journal of Geology 112, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2009): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.112.3-4.291.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Heubeck, C., S. Bläsing, M. Grund, N. Drabon, M. Homann, and S. Nabhan. "Geological constraints on Archean (3.22 Ga) coastal-zone processes from the Dycedale Syncline, Barberton Greenstone Belt." South African Journal of Geology 119, no. 3 (September 2016): 495–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.2113/gssajg.119.3.495.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Stutenbecker, L., C. Heubeck, and A. Zeh. "The Lomati Delta Complex: A prograding tidal delta in the Archean Moodies Group, Barberton Greenstone Belt." South African Journal of Geology 122, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.25131/sajg.122.0002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Kröner, A., C. R. Anhaeusser, J. E. Hoffmann, J. Wong, H. Geng, E. Hegner, H. Xie, J. Yang, and D. Liu. "Chronology of the oldest supracrustal sequences in the Palaeoarchaean Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa and Swaziland." Precambrian Research 279 (July 2016): 123–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.04.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Agangi, Andrea, Axel Hofmann, Benjamin Eickmann, Johanna Marin-Carbonne, and Steven M. Reddy. "An atmospheric source of S in Mesoarchaean structurally-controlled gold mineralisation of the Barberton Greenstone Belt." Precambrian Research 285 (October 2016): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2016.09.004.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Dirks, Paul H. G. M., E. Guy Charlesworth, M. Richard Munyai, and Richard Wormald. "Stress analysis, post-orogenic extension and 3.01Ga gold mineralisation in the Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa." Precambrian Research 226 (March 2013): 157–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.precamres.2012.12.007.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!