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Journal articles on the topic 'Bardi language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Bowern, Claire, Joyce McDonough, and Katherine Kelliher. "Bardi." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 42, no. 3 (November 23, 2012): 333–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100312000217.

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Bardi is the northernmost language of the Nyulnyulan family, a non-Pama-Nyungan family of the Western Kimberley region of northwestern Australia. Currently about five people speak the language fluently, but approximately 1,000 people identify as Bardi. The region was settled by Europeans in the 1880s and two missions were founded in Bardi country in the 1890s. Use of the language began declining in the 1930s. Many Bardi people were moved several times between 1940 and 1970, both to other missions dominated by speakers of other Indigenous languages and to local towns such as Derby. This community disruption accelerated the decline of language use in the community and first language acquisition. Bardi is the name of the language variety spoken at One Arm Point. There are two other named mutually intelligible varieties apart from Bardi: Baard and Jawi. The extent of dialect diversity within Bardi is unknown, but does not seem to have been particularly high compared to that between named varieties. The ISO-639 language code is [bcj].

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2

Neville, Maurice. "Developing an Orthography for Bardi: Some Problems." Aboriginal Child at School 19, no. 4 (September 1991): 33–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200007562.

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If you work in a school which has an Aboriginal language program, you may have heard a new teacher make a comment similar to the one above. You may even remember making such a comment yourself! Teachers often become confused and frustrated when they try to use school resources, books and other teaching materials, only to find that the Aboriginal language has not always been written in the same way. The development of an orthography, a way of writing a language, is not a simple matter. Many, if not most, Aboriginal languages have been written in various ways over the years as linguists and others have revised the work of those before them. In this article I look at some of the problems encountered when developing an orthography for the Bardi language, in order to give teachers, and particularly new teachers, some understanding of the complications that can be involved. These include practical linguistic problems, as well as broader social issues that arise with such linguistic work.

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3

Simpson, Jane Helen. "Bardi Grubs and Frog Cakes: South Australian Words (review)." Language 82, no. 4 (2006): 952–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2006.0228.

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4

Lima, Zeuler, and Sandra Vivanco. "Culture translated and devoured: two Brazilian museums by Lina Bo Bardi." Journal of Romance Studies 2, no. 3 (December 2002): 45–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/jrs.2.3.45.

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5

schultz, daniel j. "Flesh made word: sacramental visibility in the Bardi Panel of Santa Croce, Florence." Word & Image 36, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 357–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666286.2020.1758897.

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6

Dos Santos Coutinho, Bárbara, and Ana Cristina Dos Santos Tostões. "The role of architecture in an engaging and meaningful experience of the physical exhibition." Sophia Journal 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 36–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-8976_2019-0005_0001_04.

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While recognising the part that digital media play in bringing about greater accessibility to artworks display and ensuring that they are more visible, this paper argues that the physical exhibition continues to be the primary place for the public to encounter the arts, as it can offer an engaging and meaningful aesthetic experience through which people can transcend their own existence. As such, it is essential to rethink now, in the scope of an increasing digital world, the exhibition in conceptual and methodological terms. For this purpose, the exhibition space must be considered as content rather than container and the exhibition as a work, often with the intentionality of a “total work of art”, rather than just a vehicle for exhibiting artworks and objects. Having the former purpose in mind, this paper proposes a re-reading of the exhibition designs of Frederick Kiesler (1890–1965), Franco Albini (1905–1977) and Lina Bo Bardi (1914–1992) in order to evaluate how their theory and practice can provide useful lessons for our contemporary thinking. The three architects, assuming the role of curators, use only the specific language of an exhibition and remix conventional modes of communication and architectural vocabulary, exploring the natural and artificial light, materials, layouts, surfaces and geometries in innovative ways. They considered the exhibition to be a work of art, overcoming the container/content dichotomy and trigging an intersubjective and self-reflective participation. Kiesler, Albini and Bo Bardi may all be considered visionaries of our time, as they offer a landscape that stimulates our curiosity through a multiplicity of information arranged in a multisensory way, allowing each visitor to discover associations between himself and his surroundings. None of them simply created an opportunity for distraction or entertainment. This perspective is all the more pertinent nowadays, as the processes of digitalising information and virtualising the real may well lead to the dematerialization of the physical experience of art. By drawing upon these historical examples, this paper seeks to contribute to current study on how an exhibition can stimulate the cognitive, emotional and spiritual intelligence of each visitor and clarify the importance of this effect in 21st century museums and society at large.

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Matonis, Ann T. E. "Gutun Owain and his orbit: the Welsh bardic grammar and its cultural context in Northeast Wales." ZCPH 54, no. 1 (April 30, 2004): 154–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zcph.2005.154.

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I began this study – as most studies are begun – with questions. What is the probable date of the composition of the bardic grammar? What were the circumstances of its composition? Was it originally intended as a manual of written instruction for bards whose instruction had been traditionally oral? How probable is it that a tract based on a Latin text would have been useful to Welsh bards? Why was it repeatedly copied by hand from the fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries, long after the disintegration of the bardic orders? Might historical events or the threat to Welsh culture ensuant on such events explain – or help to explain – why it enjoyed the attentive support of the higher clergy, uchelwyr, and emergent gentry across divergent social origins and political and religious divides?

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8

Романюк, Людмила. "Interrelationships of Personal Values: A Moderated Mediation Analysis Based on Gender and Age." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 84–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.2.rom.

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The present study describes ten personal values expressed by men and women from two countries, and it explores the relationships between two opposing values, Achievement and Benevolence, specifying Stimulation as a mediator between them. It is further explored whether such a mediation model could be further qualified by age and Gender as moderators. The 40-item Portraits Values Questionnaire (PVQ), measuring ten basic values, was administered to 1,000 young adults from two countries. Hierarchical regression methods were applied to examine mediation and moderation mechanisms.Minor gender and country differences emerged for some of the ten basic values. An indirect relationship among the three selected values was identified. Stimulation was found to operate as a mediator between achievement and benevolence. A conditional process model was established with Gender moderating the Achievement – Stimulation path (men had a steeper slope than women), whereas age moderated the Stimulation – Benevolence path (younger individuals had a steeper slope than older ones). Gender also moderated the Achievement – Benevolence path (men had a steeper slope than women). For men, the association between achievement and stimulation was stronger than for women. For the younger persons, the association between stimulation and benevolence was stronger than for older ones. For women, the level of benevolence was independent of their achievement level. The present analyses shed new light on indirect and differential associations among personal values, adding a novel perspective to research on cognitive mechanisms involved in the ten basic values’ becoming. References Bardi, A., & Schwartz, S.H. (2003). Values and behaviour: Strength and structure of relations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29(10), 1207–1220. Berlyne, D. Conflict, arousal and curiosity. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1960. Burgoyne, C.B. & Lea, S.E.G. (2006). Money is material. Science, 314(5802), 1091–1092. Hayes A. (2013). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: a regression-based approach. New York: Guilford Press. Kluckhohn, C. (1951). Values and value-orientations in the theory of action: An exploration in definition and classification. In: Toward a General Theory of Action, (pp. 388-433). T. Parsons & E. Shils (Eds.), Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Korman, A. (1974). The Psychology of Motivation. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Maio, G. R., Hahn, U., Frost, J., & Cheung, W. (2009). Applying the value of equality unequally: Effects of value instantiations that vary in typicality. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(4), 598–614. Maio, G.R., Pakizeh, A., Cheung, W.Y. & Rees, K.J. (2009). Changing, priming, and acting on values: effects via motivational relations in a circular model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(4), 699–715. Maslow, A.H. (1965). Eupsychian management. Homewood, IL: Dorsey. Parks-Leduc, L., Feldman, G., & Bardi, A. (2015). Personality traits and personal values: A meta-analysis. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19(1) 3–29. Parsons, T. & Bales, R. F. (1953). Family, Socialization, and Interaction Process. Glencoe: Free Press.Prince-Gibson, E., & Schwartz, S. H. (1998). Value priorities and gender. Social Psychology Quarterly, 61, 49-67. Schwartz, S. H. (1992). Universals in the content and structure of values: Theoretical advances and empirical tests in 20 countries. Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, 25, 1-65. Schwartz, S. H. & Sagiv, L. (2000). Value Priorities and Subjective Well-Being: Direct Relations and Congruity Effects. European Journal of Social Psychology, 30, 177-198. Schwartz, S. H., Melech, G., Lehmann, A., Burgess, S., Harris, M., & Owens, V. (2001). Extending the cross-cultural validity of the theory of basic human values with a different method of measurement. Journal of Cross Cultural Psychology, 32, 519-542. Vohs, K.D., Mead, N.L. & Goode, M.R. (2006). The psychological consequences of money. Science, 314 (5802), 1154–1156. Wade, M.D., Liu, L.A. & Vacek, J. (2011). Values and Upward Influence Strategies in Transition: Evidence From the Czech Republic. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 42 (2), 288–306.

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9

Fasquel, Samuel. "Le barde et le bouffon." Bulletin hispanique, no. 112-2 (December 31, 2010): 587–632. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/bulletinhispanique.1228.

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10

Zimmer, Stefan. "A medieval linguist : Gerald de Barri." Etudes Celtiques 35, no. 1 (2003): 313–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecelt.2003.2161.

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11

Wu, D. "Review: Wordsworth's Bardic Vocation, 1787-1842." Review of English Studies 56, no. 223 (February 1, 2005): 153–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgi008.

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12

McLane, Maureen. "Ballads and Bards: British Romantic Orality." Modern Philology 98, no. 3 (February 2001): 423–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/492970.

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13

McNaughton, Patrick R. "Nyamakalaw: the Mande bards and blacksmiths." Word & Image 3, no. 3 (July 1987): 271–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02666286.1987.10435385.

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14

Hardiansyah, Bilal, Zaenal Abidin, and Muhamad Shoheh. "Kontribusi Badri Yatim dalam Historiografi Islam." Tsaqofah 16, no. 2 (December 28, 2018): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.32678/tsaqofah.v16i2.3155.

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History is past responsibility. In essence history cannot be separated from human life as the most perfect living creature in form and behavior. Writing history is an attempt to reconstruct events that happened in the past. In the development of Indonesian historiography there are several historiographic features, namely traditional historiography and modern historiography. One historian who is consistent in writing the history of the development of Islam is Badri Yatim. According to Badri Yatim, the style of historical writing in historical works can be grouped into khabar patterns, hawliyat patterns and mawadhu'iyat patterns. The formulation of the problem in this research are: 1. What is the biography of Badri Yatim? 2. What is the theoretical study of historiography? 3. What is the contribution of Badri Yatim in Islamic historiography? This study aims to find out: 1. Biography of Badri Orphans. 2. Theoretical historiography study. 3. Contribution of Badri Yatim in Islamic historiography. This study uses historical research methods which include the following stages: Topic selection, heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. This study concluded that: Badri Yatim was born in Curup (Bengkulu) in 1957, from husband and wife Muhammad Yatim and Nurdinah. Badri Yatim was married to Eli Nurmali in 1987. In the narrative of history there was always found a writer 's partiality for the benefit of certain individuals or groups. Historiography serves to document and explain facts and data regarding events or events in the past. Islamic historiography aims to show the development of historical concepts both in thought and in the scientific approach that is carried out accompanied by a description of the growth, development and decline of the forms of expression used in the presentation of historical materials. The writing style of Badri Yatim uses the narrative method by presenting an event or event based on the time sequence. Badri Orphan is objective in describing and explaining clearly using easy-to-understand language with a clear path.

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15

Jacques, Michaela. "Syllable and diphthong classification in the medieval Welsh bardic grammars." Language & History 63, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 73–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17597536.2019.1706132.

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16

Cartwright, Reed A. "Bards, Poets, and Cliques: Frequency-Dependent Selection and the Evolution of Language Genes." Bulletin of Mathematical Biology 73, no. 9 (December 30, 2010): 2201–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11538-010-9619-z.

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17

HADFIELD, ANDREW. "SIDNEY'S APOLOGY FOR POETRY AND THE WELSH BARDS." Notes and Queries 46, no. 2 (June 1, 1999): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/46-2-198.

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18

HADFIELD, ANDREW. "SIDNEY'S APOLOGY FOR POETRY AND THE WELSH BARDS." Notes and Queries 46, no. 2 (1999): 198–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nq/46.2.198.

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19

Vlasta, Sandra. "Literatur – grundsätzlich mehrsprachig!? Das politische Potenzial literarischer Mehrsprachigkeit heute, am Beispiel von Barbi Marković’ Superheldinnen." Interlitteraria 26, no. 1 (August 31, 2021): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2021.26.1.6.

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Literature – Multilingual on Principle?! The Political Potential of Literary Multilingualism Today, using the Example of Barbi Marković’s Superheldinnen. Research on literary multilingualism is increasingly based on the assumption that literature per se is multilingual. This is true for concepts such as Mikhail Bakhtin’s ‘polyphony’, in which multilingualism occurs in the form of social, regional and historical variants within one major language. Similarly, it applies to Rainier Grutman’s concept of hétérolinguisme, which expands Bakhtin’s notion and includes actual language changes. Recently, Till Dembeck has even called for a philology of multilingualism that would accommodate literary multilingualism in literary criticism. Using Barbi Marković’s novel Superheldinnen (2016) as an example, I discuss this recent development in multilingual literary studies and analyse concepts, forms and function of literary multilingualism. In so doing, I underline the transcending character of literary multilingualism that expresses itself on various levels: linguistically, formally, medially and with respect to culture. Thus, I aim to illustrate the enormous political potential of literary multilingualism. In fact, multilingualism in literature, as opposed to literature in times of a “monolingual paradigm” (Yasemin Yildiz), poses a political challenge on various levels. Concepts, such as national literature, literary field, but also literary studies and their institutions (i.e. language departments) reach their limits if literature is understood as being multilingual. In the second part of this article, I discuss the difficulties that come with literary prizes, literary studies and the access to the literary field. These often express themselves as concrete problems for individuals who, for instance, have difficulties accessing the literary field.

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20

Proulx, Paul. "Patterns of Change, Change of Patterns: Linguistic Change and Reconstruction Methodology. Philip Baldi." International Journal of American Linguistics 59, no. 3 (July 1993): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466207.

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21

Mortensen, Janus. "Review of Shohamy, Ben-Rafael & Barni (2010): Linguistic Landscape in the City." Pragmatics and Society 4, no. 1 (March 8, 2013): 115–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ps.4.1.07mor.

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22

Bell, Ian F. A., and Jeffrey Walker. "Bardic Ethos and the American Epic Poem: Whitman, Pound, Crane, Williams, Olson." Modern Language Review 87, no. 2 (April 1992): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3730697.

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23

Frost, Jackqueline. "Experimentation and the Lyric in Contemporary French Poetry. By Jeff Barda." French Studies 74, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 644. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knaa167.

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Ostrovsky, Brian. "Engkent, Lucia and Karen Bardy. Take part: Speaking Canadian English. Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall, 1986Engkent, Lucia and Karen Bardy. Take part: Speaking Canadian English. Scarborough, ON: Prentice-Hall, 1986." Canadian Modern Language Review 46, no. 4 (May 1990): 760–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cmlr.46.4.760.

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25

Rogers, J. "JOHN HOLMES. Darwin's Bards: British and American Poetry in the Age of Evolution." Review of English Studies 61, no. 250 (May 28, 2010): 486–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgq031.

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26

Kaminski-Jones, Rhys. "Jeff Strabone. Poetry and British Nationalisms in the Bardic Eighteenth Century: Imagined Antiquities." Review of English Studies 70, no. 296 (June 1, 2019): 775–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/res/hgz054.

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Tofik qızı Abbasova, Aytən. "Ethnotoponyms of turkish origin in the language of the ancient Iver chronicle." SCIENTIFIC WORK 15, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/64/79-82.

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The ancient Iberian chronicle was found in the valley of Lake Van. The author of the chronicle isn't known. The first copy of the chronicle was obtained during World War I. When Tsarist Russian troops occupied Eastern Anatolia, Caucasian scholars brought many church chronicles from Turkey to Tbilissi including the Ancient Iberian Chronicle. At that period, research on the chronicle began. It was defined that the language of the chronicle was a completely different language from Georgian. Key words: Van inscriptions, Aragez, Barda, Day, Tibet, Kachi fortress

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28

Iswandi, Fedro, M. R. Nababan, and NFN Djatmika. "THE ACCURACY TRANSLATION OF ATTITUDE IN MAIN CHARACTER AT ANIMAL FARM NOVEL." Widyaparwa 48, no. 2 (December 24, 2020): 243–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/wdprw.v48i2.534.

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A translator has an important role to transfer messages from a source language into a target language accurately. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the translation accuracy of words, phrases, and clauses that accommodate attitude in two translators by using a systemic functional linguistics approach. The research used descriptive qualitative and comparative study. The data are words, phrases, and clauses that accommodate attitude. Then, the data were obtained through document analysis, focus group discussion. Next, data is analyzed with analysis of domain, taxonomic, componential, and cultural themes. The result shows that Bakdi used ten techniques; established equivalent, modulation, transposition, discursive creation, adaptation, generalization, implicit, reduction, explicit, and literal. Meanwhile, Mahbub used twelve techniques; established equivalent, modulation, discursive creation, generalization, amplification, variation, literal, explicit, reduction, transposition, particularization, description, etc. The last, accuracy in Bakdi is better than Mahbub. It can be influenced by some factors; the choosing of translation techniques, translator background, and context of a situation.Seorang penerjemah memiliki peran penting untuk menerjemahkan pesan dari bahasa sumber ke dalam bahasa sasaran dengan akurat. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis derajat keakuratan terjemahan kata, frasa dan klausa yang mengakomodasi sikap pada dua penerjemah dengan pendekatan linguistik sistemik fungsional. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dan studi perbandingan. Data berupa kata, frasa dan klausa yang mengakomodasi sikap. Lalu, data diperoleh melalui analisis dokumen, focus group discussion. Selanjutnya, data dianalisis dengan analisis domain, taksonomi, komponensial dan tema budaya. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa Bakdi menggunakan 10 teknik penerjemahan; padanan lazim, modulasi, transposisi, kreasi diskursif, adaptasi, generalisasi, implisitasi, reduksi, eksplisitasi dan harfiah. Sementara, Mahbub menggunakan 12 teknik; padanan lazim, modulasi, kreasi diskursif, generalisasi, amplifikasi, variasi, harfiah, eksplisitasi, reduksi, transposisi, partikularisasi dan deskripsi. Terakhir, derajat keakuratan Bakdi lebih bagus dibandingkan Mahbub. Hal ini dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor seperti pemilihan teknik penerjemahan, latarbelakang penerjemah dan konteks situasi.

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29

Banerjee, Jacqueline. "The Last Minstrels: Yeats and the Revival of the Bardic Arts." English Studies 90, no. 5 (October 2009): 627–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00138380903181817.

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Griffin, M. "Pour un tombeau de Merlin: Du barde celte a la periode moderne." French Studies 63, no. 4 (October 1, 2009): 503–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fs/knp165.

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31

Blanchard, Nelly. "Évolution du phénomène de traduction dans le domaine littéraire de langue bretonne." Nottingham French Studies 60, no. 2 (July 2021): 206–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/nfs.2021.0317.

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Arguing that the concept of littérature-monde conceals unequal relations between literary cultures, this article examines the socio-economic contexts of literary translation from and into Breton from the fifteenth to the twenty-first century. The value of translation across the corpus of 1025 texts lies primarily in creating intercultural relationships and promoting cultural diversity. Translation into Breton represents a vital defence of a language with dwindling speaker numbers: in the late 1970s it increases dramatically, with littérature de jeunesse spearheading a change in state policy allowing regional languages to be taught in schools. Yet translation can also reinforce an existing power imbalance, highlighting the central role played by French in the linguistic and literary construction of Breton society. Poetry, songs and contes translated from Breton often perpetuate stereotypes of a bardic, oral culture, while nationalist writers reject self-translation into French as capitulation before the dominant culture. Since the 1980s, many have chosen to bypass French by translating into languages such as Welsh, Scottish, Irish or Catalan, creating a network of minority literatures. Since the market for Breton translation is so small, however, such texts serve as valuable identity markers, a symbolic, affective force articulating a quest for socio-political legitimacy via literature.

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32

Köbele, Susanne. "Otto Langer, Christliche Mystik im Mittelalter; Bardo Weiß, Die deutschen Mystikerinnen und ihr Gottesbild." Beiträge zur Geschichte der deutschen Sprache und Literatur (PBB) 128, no. 2 (September 2006): 332–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bgsl.2006.332.

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33

Farsi, Roghayeh. "Reading Strategies and Impossible Worlds in Fiction: With Reference to Lincoln in the Bardo." Zeitschrift für Anglistik und Amerikanistik 68, no. 3 (November 26, 2020): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zaa-2020-2006.

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AbstractPostmodern fiction is marked by impossible worlds, the appreciation of which challenges readers and draws upon different cognitive operations. The present study reacts to the reading strategies proposed by Alber, J. 2016. Unnatural Narrative: Impossible Worlds in Fiction and Drama. Lincoln, NB and London: University of Nebraska Press. It adopts and adapts these strategies in a case study of Saunders’s experimental novel, Lincoln in the Bardo (2017). There is an attempt to investigate the cognitive operations that are activated in the process of communicating with and understanding such texts. The study evinces the pros and cons of Alber’s reading strategies. It proposes the cognitive operation of schematization in both online and offline forms as another reading strategy which helps readers understand impossibilities in texts.

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34

Paterson, A. "RONALD SCHUCHARD, The Last Minstrels: Yeats and the Revival of the Bardic Arts." Notes and Queries 56, no. 4 (November 30, 2009): 665–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/gjp222.

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35

Prescott, Sarah. "“Gray’s Pale Spectre”: Evan Evans, Thomas Gray, and the Rise of Welsh Bardic Nationalism." Modern Philology 104, no. 1 (August 2006): 72–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/510263.

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36

Bailey, Matthew. "Oral Composition in the Medieval Spanish Epic." Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 118, no. 2 (March 2003): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081203x67659.

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This essay addresses the question of whether the Spanish epic was composed orally or was a literary creation using the oral techniques of bards but composed in writing. Oral dictation played an important role in even the most literate works of the time. Theme was an important compositional aid employed by bards during performance, and its presence is evident in passages of the Cantar de Mio Cid and the Mocedades de Rodrigo. A new tool of analysis is introduced, the intonation unit, which leads to an understanding of Spanish epic narrative as orally composed and governed by the cognitive constraints of speech. Oral composition eventually included literate individuals whose contributions are linked to the social and political circumstances under which these poems were preserved on parchment.

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37

Ouni, Slim, Michael M. Cohen, and Dominic W. Massaro. "Training Baldi to be multilingual: A case study for an Arabic Badr." Speech Communication 45, no. 2 (February 2005): 115–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.specom.2004.11.008.

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38

Hitzke, Diana. "Translation, Adaptation, Circulation." Journal of World Literature 1, no. 3 (2016): 426–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00103009.

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The article analyses the process of translation and adaptation as a movement between Gehen, Izlaženje and Ausgehen and as a means for their circulation in the field of World Literature. Barbi Marković published Izlaženje, her “remix” of Thomas Bernhard’s Gehen, in 2006 in the Serbian language and it was translated back to the German language as Ausgehen in 2009. In Izlaženje Bernhard’s marked style is translated into Serbian, Vienna is transformed into Belgrade, older men become younger women, and walking changes to clubbing. Contemporary theory on the relationship between translation and writing (Paul de Man and Jacques Derrida) and issues of translation and circulation in the field of World Literature (David Damrosch, João Ferreira Duarte and Lawrence Venuti) are discussed on the basis of this example.

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Luconi, Stefano. "Il ritorno del «bardo della libertà» Considerazioni in margine a una recente collettanea su Arturo Giovannitti." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 46, no. 1 (March 2012): 169–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001458581204600108.

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Massaro, Dominic W., and Joanna Light. "Using Visible Speech to Train Perception and Production of Speech for Individuals With Hearing Loss." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 47, no. 2 (April 2004): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/025).

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The main goal of this study was to implement a computer-animated talking head, Baldi, as a language tutor for speech perception and production for individuals with hearing loss. Baldi can speak slowly; illustrate articulation by making the skin transparent to reveal the tongue, teeth, and palate; and show supplementary articulatory features, such as vibration of the neck to show voicing and turbulent airflow to show frication. Seven students with hearing loss between the ages of 8 and 13 were trained for 6 hours across 21 weeks on 8 categories of segments (4 voiced vs. voiceless distinctions, 3 consonant cluster distinctions, and 1 fricative vs. affricate distinction). Training included practice at the segment and the word level. Perception and production improved for each of the 7 children. Speech production also generalized to new words not included in the training lessons. Finally, speech production deteriorated somewhat after 6 weeks without training, indicating that the training method rather than some other experience was responsible for the improvement that was found.

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Radó, Győrgy. "Hungarian literature in translation." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 36, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 32–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.36.1.04rad.

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L'image millénaire de la Hongrie est perçue à travers sa littérature traduite en langues étrangères. Après les siècles anciens, spécialement les "trois grands" du 19ème siècle sont traités plus amplement: Sándor Petöfi, "le barde de la liberté"; Mór Jókai, conteur favori; et "La Tragédie de l'Homme," drame-poème d'humanité ďImre Madách. Les protagonistes du 20ème siècle sont les deux "classiques des temps modernes": Endre Ady et Attila József, ainsi que le grand témoin du barbarisme, victime des Nazis, Miklós Radnóti; et on ne peut pas omettre Ferenc Molnár, dont les pièces sont jouées de par le monde.

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Batista, Jandré Corrêa. "As apropriações ativistas em sites de redes sociais: um olhar sobre as dinâmicas da ação coletiva no movimento #forasarney." Compolítica 3, no. 1 (May 6, 2013): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21878/compolitica.2013.3.1.71.

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<p class="western" style="margin-bottom: 0cm; line-height: 0.18cm;">O presente trabalho versa sobre as apropriações do microblog Twitter (twitter.com) para fins ativistas. Para tanto, pretende-se apresentar a análise da intencionalidade (THOMPSON, 2000) das formas simbólicas percebidas nas apropriações do site de rede sociais (BOYD e ELISSON, 2006) no caso #forasarney. A partir da Hermenêutica de Profundidade de Thompson (2000), o estudo interpreta cinco intencionalidades: convocacional, informacional, divulgacional, retroalimentar e conversacional. As mensagens foram classificadas, a partir da análise categorial da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2009), interpretadas de acordo com as suas finalidades interpretadas.</p>

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Pinault, Georges-Jean. "Exploring the language layer of the dānastuti genre." Lingua Posnaniensis 61, no. 2 (December 1, 2019): 83–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2019-0016.

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Abstract The linguistic variedness of the ancient Vedic texts is a well-known fact. This can be observed within the Ṛgveda itself, the most ancient collection of hymns, and if one compares the language of the Ṛgveda with that of the Atharvaveda. Glimpses of Vedic dialects can be detected in several passages and words, although the poetic language displays a high degree of convention and normalisation. Among the hymns of the Rigveda few specific features can be attributed to the different families of bards, even though one can surmise that they belonged to different regions of the Vedic world. It is also likely that some families or so-called “branches” were linguistically mixed. The hymns resort to different genres of discourse. The dānastuti, lit. ‘praise of the gift’, marks a distinct part of the poetic competence. The passages in question, which are often limited to a single stanza, although others are more developed, making up a substantial part of the poem, are devoted to praise of the generosity of the patron, who is expected to reward the poet appropriately for his work. A comprehensive survey of these parts of the hymns of the Rigveda was made in the dissertation of Manilal Patel (1929), a student of Karl F. Geldner. This meritorious book describes mostly cultural, historical and ritual features. On the other hand, the familiar, and in cases crude or mischievous, tone of these pieces has been noted by several commentators of the Rigveda. It would be too simple, however, to consider that these parts faithfully reflect everyday speech. The paper aims to explore the linguistic traits of the dānastutis which contrast with the standard layer of the Ṛgvedic language at all levels: phonology, morphology, syntax, vocabulary. On the level of stylistics and poetics, it will be shown that the phraseology of the dānastutis relies on sophisticated devices derived from the standard phraseology which was used otherwise for the praise of the gods and goddesses in the core of the hymns.

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Mulholland, James. "Poetry and British Nationalisms in the Bardic Eighteenth Century: Imagined Antiquities. Jeff Strabone. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2018. Pp. xv+351." Modern Philology 117, no. 4 (May 1, 2020): E276—E279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/708450.

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McMANUS, DAMIAN. "NIALL FROSACH'S 'ACT OF TRUTH': A BARDIC APOLOGUE IN A POEM FOR SIR NICHOLAS WALSH, CHIEF JUSTICE OF THE COMMON PLEAS († 1615)." ÉRIU 58, no. -1 (January 1, 2008): 133–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3318/eriu.2008.58.133.

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Hartvig, Gabriella. "Ossian Translations and Hungarian Versification, 1773–93." Translation and Literature 22, no. 3 (November 2013): 383–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2013.0129.

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Ossianic translations in the Hungary of the1790s were the occasion of heated debates between different schools of translation. Michael Denis, Ossian's first German-language translator, was known in Hungary primarily as a bardic poet, bibliographer, and also as a Jesuit monk. He had personal connections with, and was a great inspiration for, Hungarian ‘Latinate poets’ who knew Denis’ German and Latin hexameter renderings. This essay suggests that it was through Denis’ Jesuit connections that Ossianic poetry first reached the Hungarian reading public and was interpreted in the context of Latinate classicism. It then outlines how contemporary foreign translations of Ossian contributed to translational debates in the pages of the journal Magyar Museum, which also published János Batsányi's hexameter translation of The Death of Oscar.

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Vingron, Naomi, Jason W. Gullifer, Julia Hamill, Jakob Leimgruber, and Debra Titone. "Using eye tracking to investigate what bilinguals notice about linguistic landscape images." Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2017): 226–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.17014.vin.

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Abstract In daily life, we experience dynamic visual input referred to as the “linguistic landscape” (LL), comprised of images and text, for example, signs, and billboards (Gorter, 2013; Landry & Bourhis, 1997; Shohamy, Ben-Rafael and Barni 2010). While much is known about LLs descriptively, less is known about what people notice when viewing LLs. Building upon the bilingual eye movement reading literature (e.g., Whitford, Pivneva, & Titone, 2016) and the scene viewing literature (e.g., Henderson & Ferreira, 2004), we report a preliminary study of French-English bilinguals’ eye movements as they viewed LL images from Montréal. These preliminary data suggest that eye tracking is a promising new method for investigating how people with different language backgrounds process real-world LL images.

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Kaplan, Jeff. "Dancing with the Dragon: Orality and (body) language(s) in a live performance of Beowulf." Nordic Theatre Studies 28, no. 2 (February 21, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nts.v28i2.25534.

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This paper theorizes on the function of language and embodiment in northern European storytelling through a self-reflex analysis of the author’s experience performing Beowulf in its original dialect, as a solo, while dancing. Beowulf is Min Nama involved memorizing approximately 80 minutes of the medieval Beowulf epic in its original West Anglo-Saxon dialect (lines 2200—2766, Beowulf’s encounter with the dragon). Grappling with bardic verse for recitation in experimental live performance uncovered new facets in ancient performance texts. Working with the Beowulf poem for stage revealed the mnemonic quality of alliteration, the pervasive use of rhythmic patterns to signal shifts in ideas (a strategy similar to West African dance), and perhaps “deep rhythms” present in medieval northern Europe. As impetus for choreography, the verse contains rhythmic information, corresponding to musical/dance concepts such as pick-ups, counterpoint, and syncopation. Beowulf is Min Nama also required a theory of dialect for Old English, which the author based on modern Swedish, medieval Frisian, and modern Frisian — especially the voices of Frisian poets Tsjêbbe Hettinga and Albertina Soepboer. The project thus provides an entrée into the nexus between ancient and modern storytelling, and concludes that contemporary Frisian poetry represents a direct inheritor to ancient solo performance forms.

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Rankin, Effie. "‘Bidh mi Cumha mu d’ Dhéibhinn gu Bràth’ [I Shall Grieve for You Forever]: Early Nova Scotian Gaelic Laments." Genealogy 4, no. 4 (December 21, 2020): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy4040118.

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Gaelic laments played an integral role in the deathways of the Highland Scots of Nova Scotia. These often passionate outpourings of grief served as lasting obituaries for the dead and epitomized the richness and vigour of the Gaelic language. As sincere emotional responses, they gave a poetic and performative dimension to the deaths of clergy and other noted community members, as well as beloved relatives and victims of sudden, unexpected deaths, such as drowning and even murder. A casual scan of Gaelic printed sources from newspapers and anthologies will immediately impress the reader with the prolific number of extant elegies. It is therefore necessary to confine the scope of this article to the earliest examples in Nova Scotia, focusing primarily on the creations of the better known, established poets. Several works by less familiar bards have also been included in this study.

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Cardillo, Angelo. "Museo, De l’amor di Leandro et di Hero Volgarizzamento dal greco di Pietro Angèli Bargeo." Forum Italicum: A Journal of Italian Studies 52, no. 3 (June 18, 2018): 859–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0014585818781831.

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L’articolo presenta il volgarizzamento cinquecentesco inedito dell’epillio di Museo ad opera di Pietro Angèli Bargeo, tradotto in un Manoscritto della Biblioteca Panizzi di Reggio Emilia risalente alla seconda metà del XVI secolo; presenta, inoltre, un excursus sulla circolazione latina e volgare del testo greco fino alla fine del Cinquecento. La traduzione è parte della feconda attività del Bargèo di divulgatore di testi classici ed ulteriore conferma dell’interesse che autori coevi, Bernardo Tasso, Giovanni Falgano e Bernardino Baldi, hanno mostrato nei confronti di Museo e della lirica amorosa greca e latina pervenuta nel tardo Medioevo grazie anche ad Ovidio e diffusasi in Italia e in Europa nel corso del pieno e tardo Rinascimento.

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