Journal articles: 'Barometric pressure'

1

Risdall, Jane E., and David P. Gradwell. "Extremes of barometric pressure." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 9, no. 11 (November 2008): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2008.09.001.

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Risdall, Jane E., and David P. Gradwell. "Extremes of barometric pressure." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 12, no. 11 (November 2011): 496–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2011.08.004.

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Risdall, Jane E., and David P. Gradwell. "Extremes of barometric pressure." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 16, no. 2 (February 2015): 74–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2014.11.003.

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Risdall, Jane E., and David P. Gradwell. "Extremes of barometric pressure." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 18, no. 6 (June 2017): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpaic.2017.04.001.

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New, Karl, Damian M. Bailey, and Iain Campbell. "Extremes of barometric pressure." Anaesthesia & Intensive Care Medicine 6, no. 11 (November 2005): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/anes.2005.6.11.376.

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Anagor, P. O., and J. McGaugh. "EFFECT OF BAROMETRIC PRESSURE ON GESTATION LENGTH IN COWS." Nigerian Journal of Animal Production 11, no. 2 (January 15, 2021): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.51791/njap.v11i2.2546.

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In an effort to determine the effects of barometric pressure on the length of gestation in cattle, two sets of data on calving dates with their corresponding barometric pressure readings were evaluated statistically. The first set of data were from three herds (367 calves), and were collected for two different periods - fall of 1979 and spring of 1980. Chi-square was used to test for significance. Result indicated that there was no significant difference between the rate of parturition in cattle and changes in barometric pressure (X2 = 7.331, df = 2, P 0.05). The second set of data were on the length of gestation for two herds (94 calves) of different breeds. The cows were artificially inseminated. Multiple regression was performed between (Y variables) the deviation of each gestation length from 283 days i.e. the average gestation length of cattle and X Variables, the average barometric pressures during four six - hour periods on days of parturition and for three days prepartum (1:00 - 6:00 a.m. day of birth; 6:00 – 12:00 p.m. DB; 12:00 6:00 p.m. DB; 6:00 - 12:00 a.m. DB; 6:00 – 12:00 a.m. D3).

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Burt, Stephen. "Britain's lowest barometric pressure since 1886." Weather 69, no. 3 (February 27, 2014): 79–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wea.2285.

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Reeves, J. T., B. M. Groves, J. R. Sutton, P. D. Wagner, A. Cymerman, M. K. Malconian, P. B. Rock, P. M. Young, and C. S. Houston. "Operation Everest II: preservation of cardiac function at extreme altitude." Journal of Applied Physiology 63, no. 2 (August 1, 1987): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.63.2.531.

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Hypoxia at high altitude could depress cardiac function and decrease exercise capacity. If so, impaired cardiac function should occur with the extreme, chronic hypoxemia of the 40-day simulated climb of Mt. Everest (8,840 m, barometric pressure of 240 Torr, inspiratory O2 pressure of 43 Torr). In the five of eight subjects having resting and exercise measurements at the barometric pressures of 760 Torr (sea level), 347 Torr (6,100 m), 282 Torr (7,620 m), and 240 Torr, heart rate for a given O2 uptake was higher with more severe hypoxia. Slight (6 beats/min) slowing of the heart rate occurred only during exercise at the lowest barometric pressure when arterial blood O2 saturations were less than 50%. O2 breathing reversed hypoxemia but never increased heart rate, suggesting that hypoxic depression of rate, if present, was slight. For a given O2 uptake, cardiac output was maintained. The decrease in stroke volume appeared to reflect decreased ventricular filling (i.e., decreased right atrial and wedge pressures). O2 breathing did not increase stroke volume for a given filling pressure. We concluded that extreme, chronic hypoxemia caused little or no impairment of cardiac rate and pump functions.

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La Rocca, Paola, Daniele Riggi, and Francesco Riggi. "Time series analysis of barometric pressure data." European Journal of Physics 31, no. 3 (April 19, 2010): 645–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/31/3/022.

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Burt, Stephen. "LONDON'S LOWEST BAROMETRIC PRESSURE IN 167 YEARS." Weather 44, no. 5 (May 1989): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1477-8696.1989.tb07029.x.

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Galbraith, G. H., R. C. Mclean, and D. Kelly. "Moisture permeability measurements under varying barometric pressure." Building Research & Information 25, no. 6 (November 1997): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/096132197370165.

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Lu, Ning, Edward M. Kwicklis, and Joe P. Rousseau. "Determining Fault Permeability from Subsurface Barometric Pressure." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 127, no. 9 (September 2001): 801–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2001)127:9(801).

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Spane, F. A. "Considering barometric pressure in groundwater flow investigations." Water Resources Research 38, no. 6 (June 2002): 14–1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2001wr000701.

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Akutagawa, Osamu, Hirotaka Nishi, and Keiichi Isaka. "Spontaneous delivery is related to barometric pressure." Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics 275, no. 4 (September 27, 2006): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00404-006-0259-3.

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Funakubo, Megumi, Jun Sato, Kazue Mizumura, Norihiro Suzuki, and Karl Messlinger. "Craniofacial sensations induced by transient changes of barometric pressure in healthy subjects – A crossover pilot study." Cephalalgia Reports 4 (January 1, 2021): 251581632110003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/25158163211000362.

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Background: Changes in atmospheric pressure are suggested to trigger headaches. This pilot study was made to determine craniofacial sensations accompanying short phases of changing barometric pressure. Methods: In a crossover design, 15 adult healthy subjects were exposed in a climate chamber to 8 min phases of barometric pressure lowering by 0, 20 and 40 hPa. The subjects rated their sensations of ear pressure, head compression and the occurrence of headache every minute on a visual analogue scale (VAS, range 0–10). Pulse rate was recorded as a parameter for autonomic functions. Results: Nearly all subjects experienced ear pressure and half of them compression of their head at variable degrees. These sensations started in most subjects during the phase of lowering barometric pressure and increased to an average rating of about 3 VAS when returning to ambient atmospheric pressure. Heart rate slightly decreased during this phase. Three subjects reported mild to moderate headache for various durations within these phases. Conclusions: Changes in barometric pressure can be associated with sensations of ear pressure and head compression and may trigger headaches. The generation of these sensations is discussed with regard to convergent trigeminal innervation of the ear, the paranasal sinuses and the cranial meninges.

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Wasilewski, Stanisław. "Influence of Barometric Pressure Changes on Ventilation Conditions in Deep Mines." Archives of Mining Sciences 59, no. 3 (October 20, 2014): 621–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amsc-2014-0044.

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Abstract Barometric air pressure and its changes have a critical impact on ventilation conditions in the underground workings of deep mines. Changes in pressure are particularly important because they are responsible for the transient states of ventilation conditions, therefore, assessing the scale of pressure change is essential. Unfortunately, previously for many years in the Polish mining industry barometric pressure was recorded only on tapes of mechanical barographs by the ventilation department on the surface and therefore such dependencies of methane concentration due to barometric pressure changes have not been properly documented. Today, after the implementation in mines of instruments enabling the monitoring of absolute pressure in the workings of mines (Wasilewski, 2009) the conditions have been created to study the influence of pressure changes on changes of air parameters in the mine workings. Barometric pressure changes were observed and recorded over a course of approximately two years using monitoring system that utilized high accuracy pressure sensors on the surface and in selected workings of an underground mine. This paper presents a statistical analysis of the data that we generated from assessing pressure changes on the surface and at selected underground points in the mine. In the article, which presents the results of the first part of the study, some examples of when significant changes in pressure prior to the tragic events, which were not accompanied by changes in the methane concentration in mine workings, will also be shown. Interestingly, we found that the relationship between methane ignitions and explosions in longwall gob mined via the cave-in method is associated with changes in the barometric pressure. Several instances of methane ignitions and explosions in the gob of cave-in longwalls in recent years were compared with background barometric pressure changes. Research carried out in within the strategic project “Improving work safety in the mines” allowed to record air parameters changes inside the gob of longwalls and show the influence of pressure changes on changes in methane and oxygen concentration in the gob, which will be shown in the second part of the article to be published in the near future.

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Vilanilam, George K., Abha E. John, Mohammed K. Badi, Phani K. Surapaneni, and Neethu Gopal. "Barometric Pressure in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Pressure to Bleed?" Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 28, no. 6 (June 2019): 1781. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.02.039.

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Su, Jiale, Xinwei Zhang, Guoping Zhou, Jianjian Gu, Changfeng Xia, Zai-Fa Zhou, and Qing-An Huang. "Fabrication of a Piezoresistive Barometric Pressure Sensor by a Silicon-on-Nothing Technology." Journal of Sensors 2019 (April 22, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5408268.

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This paper presents a piezoresistive barometric pressure sensor fabricated by using a Silicon-on-Nothing (SON) technology. Array of silicon trenches were annealed in hydrogen environment to form continuing crystalline silicon membrane over a vacuum cavity. Epitaxial growth on the silicon membrane is then completed for the desired thickness. All processes are CMOS compatible and performed on the front side of the silicon wafer. The piezoresistive barometric pressure sensor has been demonstrated with pressure hysteresis as low as 0.007%.

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Venkatesan, Ramasamy, Krishnamoorthy Ramesh, Manickavasagam Arul Muthiah, Narayanaswamy Vedachalam, Pothikasalam Murugesh, and Malayath Aravindakshan Atmanand. "Estimation of Uncertainty in the Atmospheric Pressure Measurement From the Indian Ocean Moored Buoy Systems." Marine Technology Society Journal 55, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 137–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.55.1.12.

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AbstractPrecise and accurate monitoring of atmospheric pressure by barometric pressure sensors used in moored buoys in the Indian Ocean is a key factor in cyclone monitoring and climate studies. Underperformance of these sensors has significant impacts on societal protection, weather predictions, and climate modeling. Experimental studies are carried out on the barometric pressure sensors used in moored buoys to quantitatively estimate the uncertainties due to sensor accuracy, drift, static pressure head, and satellite telemetry resolution. The overall measurement uncertainty of the pressure sensors is identified to be ±0.13 hPa, which is within the accuracy limits recommended by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

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Alston, Theodore A. "PaO2 exceeding the barometric pressure: An explosive situation?" Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia 15, no. 5 (October 2001): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jcan.2001.26553.

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21

Schory, Thomas J., Natasha Piecznski, Sunil Nair, and Rif S. El-Mallakh. "Barometric Pressure, Emergency Psychiatric Visits, and Violent Acts." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 48, no. 9 (October 2003): 624–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370304800909.

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Sutcliffe, R. C. "On development in the field of barometric pressure." Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 64, no. 276 (September 10, 2007): 495–509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/qj.49706427614.

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23

Burt, Stephen. "London's highest barometric pressure in over 300 years." Weather 75, no. 4 (April 2020): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/wea.3688.

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Meral, Mehmet, Arzu Mirici, Sahin Aslan, Metin Akgun, Hasan Kaynar, Leyla Saglam, and Metin Gorguner. "Barometric Pressure and the Incidence of Pulmonary Embolism." Chest 128, no. 4 (October 2005): 2190–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1378/chest.128.4.2190.

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Becker, William J., and Joseph G. Cannon. "Influence of barometric pressure on interleukin-1β secretion." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 280, no. 6 (June 1, 2001): R1897—R1901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.6.r1897.

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Monocytes and macrophages are activated by various environmental challenges, including microorganisms, radiation, and pollutants. These cells release cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-1β, that mediate physiological adaptations to stress. This study sought to define further the role of IL-1β in general adaptation to environmental stress by testing the hypothesis that high altitude (20,000 ft, 6,096 m) would stimulate IL-1β secretion from isolated human blood mononuclear cells. Cells from six young men (aged 22–26 yr) were divided into separate cultures incubated in either standard ambient conditions or in one of three test conditions, hypobaric hypoxia (simulating 20,000 ft), hypobaric normoxia (20,000 ft, O2supplemented), and normobaric hypoxia (10% O2). This design allowed differentiation between pressure-related vs. oxygen-related effects. Each subject made multiple blood donations in order that cells from all subjects were tested in all conditions. Contrary to the hypothesis, IL-1β secretion was not induced at simulated altitude in basal cell cultures. In lipopolysaccharide-stimulated cell cultures, exposure to altitude inhibited IL-1β secretion by ∼40%, and the inhibition was due to the change in pressure ( P = 0.039) rather than the change in oxygen. Secretion of other factors (IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble IL-1 receptor type II) was not inhibited. Although these results are in opposition to the original hypothesis, they provide insight regarding adaptations necessary for hematopoiesis in response to high altitude and also provide a cellular rationale for the mountain sanatoriums of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Payne, Richard E. "Long-Term Stability of Some Barometric Pressure Sensors." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 12, no. 1 (February 1995): 182–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0426(1995)012<0182:ltsosb>2.0.co;2.

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El-Mallakh, Rif S., Kanwar Brar, Claire Watkins, Sharon Nuss, Stephen S. O’Connor, Yonglin Gao, and Jesse H. Wright. "Association Between Low Barometric Pressure and Completed Suicides." American Journal of Psychiatry 174, no. 9 (September 2017): 905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17020154.

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Burt, Stephen. "Britain's highest barometric pressure on record is incorrect." Weather 61, no. 7 (July 1, 2006): 210–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1256/wea.40.06.

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Gomell, Annika, Daniel Austin, Marc Ohms, and Andreas Pflitsch. "Air pressure propagation through Wind Cave and Jewel Cave: How do pressure waves travel through barometric caves?" International Journal of Speleology 50, no. 3 (September 2021): 263–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/1827-806x.50.3.2393.

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In barometric caves, air pressure gradients between the outside atmosphere and the cave induce strong bidirectional compensating currents, which control almost all elements of speleoclimatology, including air temperature, humidity, and CO2 dynamics. Therefore, this study set out to investigate air pressure propagation through Wind Cave and Jewel Cave – two major barometric cave systems in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA. Based on high-resolution air pressure data from both the surface and several measurement sites inside the caves, four systematic changes of pressure waves during their journey through the caves and their related speleoclimatological processes were identified and discussed: Compared to the outside atmosphere, the pressure signals within Wind Cave and Jewel Cave showed (1) an absolute displacement due to different altitudes of the measuring sites, (2) a delay related to the travel times of the pressure wave to the measuring sites, (3) a smoothing effect, and (4) a damping effect due to long response times of the caves to external pressure changes. The spatial distribution of the changes observed in this study shows that for Wind Cave, the cave opening and the narrow entrance area represent the main obstacle for pressure propagation, while for Jewel Cave, the deep areas have the greatest influence on the development of air pressure gradients. Our analyses provide completely new insights into the processes and mechanisms inside barometric caves, which will significantly contribute to the understanding of pressure-related airflow dynamics and all related elements of speleoclimatology.

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Hendry, Michael T., Laura A. Smith, and M. Jim Hendry. "Analysis of measured pore pressure response to atmospheric pressure changes to evaluate small-strain moduli: methodology and case studies." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 55, no. 9 (September 2018): 1248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cgj-2016-0584.

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The use of pore pressure responses to fluctuations in total stress (resulting from barometric pressure changes) to calculate moduli and other material properties is a recently developed technique being applied to deep aquitard formations. Initially, the method has relied on visual interpretation of the data from grouted-in piezometers, resulting in a qualitative result with little opportunity to define the quality of measured data; more recently, linear and multiple regression analyses were used to assess the same properties with limited success. Here, a methodology is developed to determine loading efficiency from pore pressure measurements using filtering and numerical regression. The results indicate a near linear relationship between the change in pore pressure and change in stress (barometric pressure), resulting in an estimation of loading efficiency and quantification of the quality of fit. Four to 6 days of data appear to best isolate the barometric fluctuation with the developed filters. The technique is successfully applied to a “simple” site, where groundwater conditions are relatively stable, as well as a complex site, where groundwater conditions are changing due to fluctuating river levels. The successful application to the latter site shows that robust analysis is possible, even for dynamic and complex environments, and that the method represents a viable alternative for estimating material parameters of formations that are historically difficult to characterize.

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Schwarze, J., E. Hamelmann, and E. W. Gelfand. "Barometric whole body plethysmography in mice." Journal of Applied Physiology 98, no. 5 (May 2005): 1955–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01279.2004.

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There has been significant utilization of the technique described by Hamelmann et al. ( Am J Respir Crit Care Med 156: 766–775, 1997) in which a parameter, enhanced pause (Penh), related to airways responsiveness is noninvasively measured by unrestrained plethysmography (UP). Investigating this technique, we sought to answer these questions: 1) How do changes in Penh compare with changes in traditional plethysmographic and lung mechanical parameters? 2) How do UP parameters perform in two different mouse strains? Awake immunized and control BALB/c ( n = 16) and C57BL/6 ( n = 14) mice were placed in the UP chamber and exposed to doses of aerosolized methacholine while the following parameters were measured at each concentration: inspiratory time (Ti), expiratory time (Te), total time (Ttot), Ti/Ttot, peak inspiratory pressure, peak expiratory pressure, Pause, Penh, tidal volume (Vt), Vt/Ti, Vt/Te, and Vt/Ttot. The next day, lung resistance (Rl) and compliance (Cl) were invasively measured in the same animals. For the BALB/c, the parameters with the highest magnitude of correlation coefficient vs. Rl are (in order) 1) Cl, 2) Pause and Penh, 3) parameters of breathing frequency (Te, Ttot, Ti), and 4) parameters related to Vt (inspiratory pressure, expiratory pressure). Flow parameters (Vt/Ttot, Vt/Te, Vt/Ti) and duty cycle parameters (Ti/Ttot) had insignificant correlations. This ordering is significantly different in C57BL/6 mice, in which the parameters with the largest correlations are 1) Cl, 2) parameters of breathing frequency, and 3) flow parameters. Pause, Penh, Vt, and duty cycle parameters had insignificant correlations. These data show that Penh is problematic in the sense that it is strain specific; it behaves very differently in BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. We suggest that UP parameters largely originate as part of reflex control of breathing processes, rather than in the lung mechanics and conclude that it is inappropriate to use UP parameters in general, and Penh specifically, as substitute variables for invasive mechanical indexes such as Rl.

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Jehn, M. "The effect of temperature and barometric pressure on ambulatory blood pressure variability." American Journal of Hypertension 14, no. 11 (November 2001): A200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0895-7061(01)01720-4.

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Ray, R. D., and R. M. Ponte. "Barometric tides from ECMWF operational analyses." Annales Geophysicae 21, no. 8 (August 31, 2003): 1897–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-21-1897-2003.

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Abstract. The solar diurnal and semidiurnal tidal oscillations in surface pressure are extracted from the operational analysis product of the European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (ECMWF). For the semidiurnal tide this involves a special temporal interpolation, following Van den Dool et al. (1997). The resulting tides are compared with a "ground truth" tide data set, a compilation of well-determined tide estimates deduced from many long time series of station barometer measurements. These comparisons show that the ECMWF (analysis) tides are significantly more accurate than the tides deduced from two other widely available reanalysis products. Spectral analysis of ECMWF pressure series shows that the tides consist of sharp central peaks with modulating sidelines at integer multiples of 1 cycle/year, superimposed on a broad cusp of stochastic energy. The integrated energy in the cusp dominates that of the side-lines. This complicates the development of a simple empirical model that can characterize the full temporal variability of the tides.Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (waves and tides)

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Mortola, Jacopo P., and Peter B. Frappell. "On the barometric method for measurements of ventilation, and its use in small animals." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 76, no. 10-11 (October 1, 1998): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y99-001.

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The barometric method is a common technique for measurements of pulmonary ventilation in unrestrained animals. It basically consists of recording the changes in chamber pressure generated during breathing. In fact, as the air inspired is warmed and humidified from the ambient to the pulmonary values, the total pressure in the animal chamber increases; the opposite occurs in expiration. The present commentary is an introduction to this method, briefly reviewing its historical development, the conceptual pitfalls, and potential sources of errors during practical applications.Key words: barometric technique, plethysmography, pulmonary ventilation, respiratory techniques, tidal volume.

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Sato, Jun, Yuya Itano, Megumi Funakubo, Hiroyuki Mizoguchi, Mariko Itoh, and Rarami Mori. "Low barometric pressure aggravates neuropathic pain in guinea pigs." Neuroscience Letters 503, no. 2 (October 2011): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2011.08.030.

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Dickow, Andreas, and Gregor Feiertag. "A Framework for Calibration of Barometric MEMS Pressure Sensors." Procedia Engineering 87 (2014): 1350–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.716.

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Nie, Meng. "Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible capacitive barometric pressure sensor." Journal of Micro/Nanolithography, MEMS, and MOEMS 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 013018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.3555125.

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Maier, Robert R. J., James S. Barton, Julian D. C. Jones, Scott McCulloch, and Gary Burnell. "Dual-fibre Bragg grating sensor for barometric pressure measurement." Measurement Science and Technology 14, no. 11 (September 26, 2003): 2015–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/14/11/021.

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Neeper, Donald A. "Investigation of the vadose zone using barometric pressure cycles." Journal of Contaminant Hydrology 54, no. 1-2 (January 2002): 59–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-7722(01)00146-2.

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Quilty, Eddie G., and Evelyn A. Roeloffs. "Removal of barometric pressure response from water level data." Journal of Geophysical Research 96, B6 (1991): 10209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/91jb00429.

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Kimoto, Kazuhito, Saiko Aiba, Ryotaro Takashima, Keisuke Suzuki, Hidehiro Takekawa, Yuka Watanabe, Muneto Tatsumoto, and Koichi Hirata. "Influence of Barometric Pressure in Patients with Migraine Headache." Internal Medicine 50, no. 18 (2011): 1923–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.50.5640.

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Bianchi, F., S. J. Redmond, M. R. Narayanan, S. Cerutti, and N. H. Lovell. "Barometric Pressure and Triaxial Accelerometry-Based Falls Event Detection." IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering 18, no. 6 (December 2010): 619–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tnsre.2010.2070807.

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Mizoguchi, Hiroyuki, Kanoko Fukaya, Rarami Mori, Mariko Itoh, Megumi Funakubo, and Jun Sato. "Lowering barometric pressure aggravates depression-like behavior in rats." Behavioural Brain Research 218, no. 1 (March 2011): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2010.11.057.

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West, John B. "The 1988 Stevenson Memorial Lecture. Physiological responses to severe hypoxia in man." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 67, no. 3 (March 1, 1989): 173–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y89-030.

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Recent measurements at extreme altitude and in low pressure chamber simulations have clarified the human responses to extreme hypoxia. Man can only tolerate the severe oxygen deprivation of great altitudes by an enormous increase in ventilation which has the advantage of defending the alveolar [Formula: see text] against the reduced inspired [Formula: see text]. Nevertheless the arterial [Formula: see text] on the Everest summit is less than 30 Torr (1 Torr = 133.3 Pa). An interesting consequence of the hyperventilation is that the respiratory alkalosis greatly increases the oxygen affinity of the hemoglobin and assists in oxygen loading by the pulmonary capillary. The severe hypoxemia impairs the function of many organ systems including the central nervous system, and there is evidence of residual impairment of memory and manipulative skill in climbers returning from great altitudes. At the altitude of Mt. Everest, maximal oxygen uptake is reduced to 20–25% of its sea level value, and it is exquisitely sensitive to barometric pressure. It is likely that the seasonal variation of barometric pressure affects the ability of man to reach the summit without supplementary oxygen.Key words: high altitude, hyperventilation, respiratory alkalosis, CNS impairment, barometric pressure.

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Levine, B. D., K. Kubo, T. Kobayashi, M. Fukushima, T. Shibamoto, and G. Ueda. "Role of barometric pressure in pulmonary fluid balance and oxygen transport." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 419–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.419.

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To examine the role of barometric pressure in high-altitude pulmonary edema, we randomly exposed five unanesthetized chronically instrumented sheep with lung lymph fistulas in a decompression chamber to each of three separate conditions: hypobaric hypoxia, normobaric hypoxia, and normoxic hypobaria. A combination of slow decompression and/or simultaneous adjustment of inspired PO2 provided three successive stages of simulated altitudes of 2,600, 4,600, and 6,600 m during which hemodynamics and lymph flow were monitored. Under both hypoxic conditions we noted significant and equivalent elevations in pulmonary arterial pressure (Ppa), cardiac output, and heart rate, with left atrial and systemic pressures remaining fairly constant. Normoxic hypobaria was also accompanied by a smaller but significant rise in Ppa. Lymph flow increased to a highly significant maximum of 73% above base line, accompanied by a slight but significant decrease in lung lymph-to-plasma protein ratio, only under conditions of combined hypobaric hypoxia but not under equivalent degrees of alveolar hypoxia or hypobaria alone. Arterial hypoxemia was noted under all three conditions, with arterial PO2 being uniformly lower under hypobaric conditions than when identical amounts of inspired PO2 were delivered at normal atmospheric pressure. We therefore hypothesize that alveolar pressure significantly alters the Starling forces governing transcapillary fluid flux in the lung and may affect the alveolar-arterial gradient for O2 as well.

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46

Alonso, Y. "Geophysical Variables and Behavior: LXXII. Barometric Pressure, Lunar Cycle, and Traffic Accidents." Perceptual and Motor Skills 77, no. 2 (October 1993): 371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pms.1993.77.2.371.

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This study assessed relationships between traffic accidents and variables of the physical environment. Daily data on traffic accidents over a 4-year period were compared with daily records of barometric pressure and synodic lunar cycle. No significant variations in the number of accidents were found related to barometric height but a significant lunar periodicity was observed for one of the years considered. The number of accidents occurring during the full moon day was lowest; the highest occurred two days before the full moon. Accidents occurred more frequently during crescent moon than during waning moon, but no significant differences were noted when the lunar month was divided into four intervals of new moon, first quarter, full moon, and second quarter.

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Rau, Gabriel C., Mark O. Cuthbert, R. Ian Acworth, and Philipp Blum. "Technical note: Disentangling the groundwater response to Earth and atmospheric tides to improve subsurface characterisation." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 12 (December 22, 2020): 6033–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-6033-2020.

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Abstract. The groundwater response to Earth tides and atmospheric pressure changes can be used to understand subsurface processes and estimate hydraulic and hydro-mechanical properties. We develop a generalised frequency domain approach to disentangle the impacts of Earth and atmospheric tides on groundwater level responses. By considering the complex harmonic properties of the signal, we improve upon a previous method for quantifying barometric efficiency (BE), while simultaneously assessing system confinement and estimating hydraulic conductivity and specific storage. We demonstrate and validate this novel approach using an example barometric and groundwater pressure record with strong Earth tide influences. Our method enables improved and rapid assessment of subsurface processes and properties using standard pressure measurements.

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Patrascu, Monica, Tudor Baracu, Viorel Badescu, Marius-Victor Birsan, Catalin Teodosiu, Mircea Degeratu, Elena Rita Avram, Mihnea Udrea, Lidia Calancea, and Calin Mesteru. "Modeling air leakage in buildings caused by the cyclic variation of the atmospheric pressure." Building Services Engineering Research and Technology 39, no. 4 (January 23, 2018): 430–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0143624417749536.

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This article considers a new type of air infiltration through building envelopes caused by the barometric pressure variation. This process is independent from wind action or stack effect. A new building–atmosphere differential equation of air exchange is established. Based on the solution of the differential equation of air exchange, we propose the notion of pressure equilibration time [Formula: see text] that characterizes the dynamic response of the building. Furthermore, experimental climatic data were processed using Fourier analysis methods in order to build an identification model based on the regular harmonics of external pressure oscillation. The barometric pressure reconstructed in its parameterized form was introduced in the differential equation of air exchange as a term that models the dynamics of the external action. The analytic solution of the differential equation of air exchange demonstrates that the indoor–outdoor pressure difference is insignificant at less than 10−3 Pa for any harmonic of the external pressure variation. At the same time, it is concluded that the airtightness of the envelope has little influence on the process, as the indoor–outdoor pressure equilibration is almost instantaneous in a continuous regime of variation. The described mechanism of air infiltration explains the alternation of infiltration and exfiltration of air in buildings. For this, a mass balance of air exchange for the specific ranges of time is performed. We prove that the barometric pressure variation has an effect that accounts for 3.19% of the total quantity of air exchanged. The advances provided by this paper constitute a useful instrument for further studies concerning the stack effect in thermal dynamic conditions. Practical application: The paper proposes a novel methodology of determining the air exchange building–environment by considering a new component of infiltration and its cyclic variation: the barometric pressure. A new mechanism of natural air infiltration is determined and modeled and it should be added to the existing ones: wind action and stack effect. A complete methodology of analysis and extraction of the cyclic processes hidden in an envelope of stochastic variations is defined and applied with the support of signal processing techniques and spectral analysis. The refinement of the mathematical instrument was able to distinguish through a deterministic approach an influence of 3.19% of the new barometric component. Furthermore, with few adaptations, the methodology constructed in this study can be applied for investigation of the stack effect by considering the cyclic variation of the atmospheric temperature. Currently, the stack effect is analyzed only for average conditions of temperature, a simplistic approach that suggests a large potential for further improvement.

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Hirai, K., T. Kobayashi, K. Kubo, and T. Shibamoto. "Effects of hypobaria on lung fluid balance in awake sheep." Journal of Applied Physiology 64, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1988.64.1.243.

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Effects of hypobaria on lung fluid balance were studied in five awake sheep with chronic lung lymph fistulas using a decompression chamber. Each sheep was exposed to three conditions of 6,600-m-simulated high altitude in random order as follows: 1) 6,600-m-simulated hypoxic hypobaria (barometric pressure 326 Torr, 21% inspired O2 fraction), 2) 6,600-m-simulated normoxic hypobaria (barometric pressure 326 Torr, 65% inspired O2 fraction), and 3) 6,600-m-simulated normoxic hypobaria (barometric pressure 326 Torr, 65% inspired O2 fraction) after pretreatment with a 2-h pure O2 inhalation (i.e., denitrogenation) to allow elimination of dissolved gases, especially N2, from the blood and tissues. We observed that under both hypoxic hypobaria and normoxic hypobaria, lung lymph flow (Qlym) significantly increased from the base-line values of 6.4 +/- 0.3 to 13.0 +/- 1.0 ml/h and 6.0 +/- 0.2 to 9.4 +/- 0.3 ml/h, respectively (P less than 0.05) and that the lymph-to-plasma protein concentration ratio remained unchanged. Moreover, pretreatment with a 2-h denitrogenation inhibited the increase in Qlym. These results suggest that rapid exposure to hypobaria causes an increase in pulmonary vascular permeability and that intravascular air bubble formation may account for this permeability change.

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Garg, Rajeev Kumar, Bichun Ouyang, Vishal Pandya, Raquel Garcia-Cano, Ivan Da Silva, Deborah Hall, Sayona John, Thomas Pritchett Bleck, and Max Berkelhammer. "Authors’ Response to “Barometric Pressure in Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Pressure to Bleed?”." Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases 28, no. 6 (June 2019): 1782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.03.022.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Barometric pressure'

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