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Journal articles on the topic 'Barrier-free building'
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1
OSAKAYA, Yoshiyuki, and Tomohiro KAWABATA. "APPROVED BUILDINGS BY HEARTFUL BUILDING ACT AND BARRIER FREE SHOPPING ZONE." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 3, no. 5 (1997): 242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.3.242.
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Pernišová, Alena. "Proposal of Architectonic – Construction Solution of Barrier-Free Measures of Entry Premises in Non-Residential Buildings Specified for Use by the Public." Applied Mechanics and Materials 820 (January 2016): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.820.57.
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Barrier-free environment should be an obvious part of our life. The reality is but different. In non-residential buildings specified for use by the public one can uselessly look for information useful for persons with limited ability of movement and orientation. The question of information boards is very disregarded and often non-dealt with at all. Upon entry into most of the buildings you will not find any optical system for deaf people, acoustic system (voice light) for blind people or information related to barrier-free access for people with movement handicap. Project engineer, upon performing his work has to take into consideration the fact that building being designed shall be used by all groups of citizens. Try to look around with eyes of a person who moves on wheelchair or through a walking stick. You will find missing information and orientation system on possibilities of barrier-free movement inside the building on each and every building.
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Liu, Lili. "Book Review: Directory of Barrier-Free Building Products (2nd Ed.)." Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy 60, no. 4 (October 1993): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000841749306000409.
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Tiller, Jean, and Sandy Gowings. "Book Review: Barrier-Free Design, A Manual for Building Designers and Managers." British Journal of Occupational Therapy 61, no. 3 (March 1998): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030802269806100315.
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Song, Ling, Shao Wei Zhang, and Zhi Min Li. "Planning and Design of Urban Barrier Free Building Environment with Aging of Population." Applied Mechanics and Materials 238 (November 2012): 536–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.238.536.
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With the development of the times, the quality of human life and environment gets ameliorative ceaselessly. It is the main goal for ensuring every public safety, health, comfort and convenience of modern society civilization and city construction, and "concern for people" is the most basic principles. On the basis of helping the different application groups, such as different age, different view of life and physical condition to set up independent life, this paper proposes the ideas and methods for planning and design humane architecture and city environment with complete and perfect building facilities.
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LAU, Wai Kin, Daniel Chi Wing HO, and Yung YAU. "ASSESSING THE DISABILITY INCLUSIVENESS OF UNIVERSITY BUILDINGS IN HONG KONG." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 20, no. 2 (June 13, 2016): 184–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/1648715x.2015.1107653.
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Tended to view disability inclusion as merely another mandate, building and construction practitioners have yet to recognize its value in social sustainability. In academia, similarly, it has received less attention than other building performance attributes such as environmental friendliness and indoor air quality. With rights to access now acknowledged as basic human rights, there is demand for a tool to assess building disability inclusiveness, indicating the extent to which building considerations include persons with disabilities (PWDs). This paper proposes a Building Inclusiveness Assessment Score (BIAS) to fill the existing gap. The BIAS framework comprises two hierarchies of inclusion attributes identified from literature, guides, and standards of barrier-free access and universal design. The final product consists of two building disability inclusiveness assessment tools: the Physical Disability Inclusion Sub-score (PDIS) and the Visual Impairment Inclusion Sub-score (VIIS). These are simple, quantitative, objective tools for assessing buildings. We performed a Monte Carlo simulation to validate the assessment protocols. Following the validation, we assessed 48 university buildings at four universities in Hong Kong to illustrate the real-life application of the tools.
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Seong, Ki-Chang, Chul-Min Park, and In-Bae Kim. "A Survey on the Barrier-Free Environment of Public Office Building in Jeju Area." Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture 22, no. 4 (December 15, 2016): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.15682/jkiha.2016.22.4.29.
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Hasheminasab, Hamidreza, Sarfaraz Hashemkhani Zolfani, Mahdi Bitarafan, Prasenjit Chatterjee, and Alireza Abhaji Ezabadi. "The Role of Façade Materials in Blast-Resistant Buildings: An Evaluation Based on Fuzzy Delphi and Fuzzy EDAS." Algorithms 12, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a12060119.
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Blast-resistant buildings are mainly used to protect main instruments, controllers, expensive equipment, and people from explosion waves. Oil and gas industry projects almost always include blast-resistant buildings. For instance, based on a hazard identification (HAZID) and hazard and operability (HAZOP) analysis of a plant, control rooms and substations are sometimes designed to withstand an external free air explosion that generates blast over pressure. In this regard, a building façade is considered to be the first barrier of resistance against explosion waves, and therefore a building façade has an important role in reducing a building’s vulnerability and human casualties. In case of a lack of enough resistance, explosion waves enter a building and bring about irreparable damage to the building. Consequently, it seems important to study and evaluate various materials used in a façade against the consequences of an explosion. This study tried to make a comparison between different types of building facades against explosion waves. The materials used in a building play a key role in the vulnerability of a building. In this research, a literature review and the fuzzy Delphi method were applied to find the most critical criteria, and then a fuzzy evaluation based on the distance from the average solution (EDAS) was applied in order to assess various materials used in building facades from the perspective of resiliency. A questionnaire was presented to measure effective indices in order to receive experts’ ideas. Finally, by implementing this methodology in a case study, it was concluded that a stone façade performs much better against explosions.
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OSAKAYA, Yoshiyuki. "A STUDY ON ACTUAL CONDITION OF BARRIER FREE OF 18 PARKS IN MURORAN CITY." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 5, no. 7 (1999): 139–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.5.139.
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Afzal, Silwat. "ARCHITECTURE A SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY REFORMING URBAN SURROUNDINGS A BARRIER FREE RESPONSIVE ENVIRONMENT ENABLING LIMITED ABILITY: CASES FROM KARACHI, PAKISTAN." Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning 19, no. 2 (December 25, 2015): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap1922015_5.
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The built environment is a complex outcome of a society's geo-political and socio-economic development. An important consideration is the status of existing facilitation systems for population with disabilities in a developing country. International researches indicate that about one-tenth of the global population can be categorized in this human slab. Multiple predicaments such as climate change, induced disasters, violence, conflict, terror strikes, urban and regional hazards are constantly adding more people in this category. A review and basic observation of the built environment in Pakistan, including larger cities such as Karachi, reveal that the existing profile of various building types are grossly unsuitable to accommodate the users with frail and limited abilities. Common facilitation elements such as ramps, support balustrades, guiding rails, exclusive toilets, appropriate aisles and corridors, ventilation and daylight assistance mechanisms and other necessary ingredients are scantily found in these buildings. This shortcoming exists in many of the designed buildings and spaces for healthcare, education, social welfare, commercial centers, housing schemes, etc. The practice of accepting construction with a deficit built environment remains insensitive to people with disabilities and a major disrepute to architects, engineers, all professional saviors of the building industry and environment. This paper explores the current status of response preparedness and intervention in the domain of Karachi's surroundings. Drawing from the existing literature, the paper adopts a case based approach to identify the various dimensions of built environment to establish their suitability for accommodating the specific requirements for population with limited abilities. Case studies of hospitals and educational facilities have been taken from Karachi. The pivotal role of local architects and urban planners has been appraised in this scenario. The paper concludes with design advise derived from the research analysis.
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钮, 宏. "The Pervious Concrete’s Preparation and Barrier-Free Applications for Building Elevation Difference of Inside and Outside." Hans Journal of Civil Engineering 06, no. 03 (2017): 304–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/hjce.2017.63035.
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Alonso, Fernando. "The benefits of building barrier-free: a contingent valuation of accessibility as an attribute of housing." European Journal of Housing Policy 2, no. 1 (January 2002): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14616710110120577.
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Chen, Jiajun, Enbo Zhu, Juan Liu, Shuai Zhang, Zhaoyang Lin, Xiangfeng Duan, Hendrik Heinz, Yu Huang, and James J. De Yoreo. "Building two-dimensional materials one row at a time: Avoiding the nucleation barrier." Science 362, no. 6419 (December 6, 2018): 1135–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aau4146.
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Assembly of two-dimensional (2D) molecular arrays on surfaces produces a wide range of architectural motifs exhibiting unique properties, but little attention has been given to the mechanism by which they nucleate. Using peptides selected for their binding affinity to molybdenum disulfide, we investigated nucleation of 2D arrays by molecularly resolved in situ atomic force microscopy and compared our results to molecular dynamics simulations. The arrays assembled one row at a time, and the nuclei were ordered from the earliest stages and formed without a free energy barrier or a critical size. The results verify long-standing but unproven predictions of classical nucleation theory in one dimension while revealing key interactions underlying 2D assembly.
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Deveau, Jean Louis. "Workplace accommodation and audit-based evaluation process for compliance with the Employment Equity Act: inclusionary practices that exclude—an institutional ethnography." Canadian Journal of Sociology 36, no. 3 (July 30, 2011): 151–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/cjs10479.
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Matt kept the operable window in his office open all the time because he needed unlimited access to fresh air. This was terminated after a Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system was installed in his Government of Canada office building. After Matt’s access to fresh air became mechanically controlled through extra-locally developed air quality standards, the workplace became a barrier for him. Matt was deemed to suffer from a disability known as environmental sensitivity because he became ill every time he spent more than 45 minutes inside his office building. Yet, according to a textually-mediated assessment of Matt’s workplace performed by a Compliance Review Officer from the Canadian Human Rights Commission, his workplace was barrier-free. Using Dorothy E. Smith’s institutional ethnography, this paper explicates how the social organization of workplace accommodation and compliance—processes that were developed to promote inclusion—are exclusionary.
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SHIBATA, Yoshie, Koichiro NISHIO, Tomoaki SAWASHIMA, and Naoki MATSUBARA. "THE EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER-FREE OF THE RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IN THE ELDERLY INCLUDED OF HOME CARE ENVIRONMENT." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 25, no. 59 (February 20, 2019): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.25.271.
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KITANO, Mikio, and Kei ADACHI. "THE STATISTIC EVALUATION OF BUILDING APPLICATIONS BASED ON ‘CITY PLANNING REGULATION FOR BARRIER-FREE OF THE WAKAYAMA PREFECTURE’." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 18, no. 38 (2012): 297–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.18.297.
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Zhang, Zijian, Xiaojun Cheng, Bilian Yang, and Dong Yang. "Exploration of Indoor Barrier-Free Plane Intelligent Lofting System Combining BIM and Multi-Sensors." Remote Sensing 12, no. 20 (October 12, 2020): 3306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs12203306.
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Lofting is an essential part of construction projects and the high quality of lofting is the basis of efficient construction. However, the most common method of lofting currently which uses the total station in a multi-person cooperative way consumes much manpower and time. With the rapid development of remote sensing and robot technology, using robots instead of manpower can effectively solve this problem, but few scholars study this. How to effectively combine remote sensing and robots with lofting is a challenging problem. In this paper, we propose an intelligent lofting system for indoor barrier-free plane environment, and design a high-flexibility, low-cost autonomous mobile robot platform based on single chip microcomputer, Micro Electro Mechanical Systems-Inertial Measurement Unit (MEMS-IMU), wheel encoder, and magnetometer. The robot also combines Building Information Modeling (BIM) laser lofting instrument and WIFI communication technology to get its own position. To ensure the accuracy of localization, the kinematics model of Mecanum wheel robot is built, and Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is also used to fuse multi-sensor data. It can be seen from the final experimental results that this system can significantly improve lofting efficiency and reduce manpower.
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Danilov, Ivan A. "UNIVERSAL ENTRANCE TO A PUBLIC BUILDING: A TERM-PROJECT CASE STUDY." Architecton: Proceedings of Higher Education, no. 4(72) (December 28, 2020): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.47055/1990-4126-2020-4(72)-9.
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The article deals with the challenge of designing an entrance that meets the requirements of a barrier-free environment and is aesthetically pleasing. Two entrance design options were considered: with a porch and without it. The first one is treated within historical timeframe and the second one is modern, allowing for massive use of wheeled portable vehicles to move purchases and personal belongings, driven by the power of one person. Two main contradictions have been revealed in the professional designer’s mindset when choosing entrance design for wheelchair users. The first is associated with the habit of using a porch as a historically traditional, unquestionable spatial form. The second is due to the usual reluctance to more carefully develop the vertical layout of the site in order to provide a porchless entrance to the building. The student design project considered demonstrates a creative solution overcoming these contradictions. The result is considered as a typological novelty in contemporary architecture.
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Shaikh, Javeria Manzoor, Khan Muhammad Brohi, and Sabeen Qureshi. "Identifying the Wasted Spaces within Hospital Buildings in Pakistan." July 2019 38, no. 3 (July 1, 2019): 799–818. http://dx.doi.org/10.22581/muet1982.1903.22.
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The built environment of hospital buildings are generally not accepted to be pleasant. In the design of healthcare facility, it is quite important that its design, spatial arrangement and areal distribution must respond to curative needs of people so as the outcome emerge in the form of healing environment in the physical spaces.This kind of healing environment is quite adequately available in the developed countries of the global north. However; in developing countries of the global south like Pakistan, the healing environment in healthcare facilities is neither documented nor evident in any available published literature. Whereas, it needs to be well documented and analyzed. Thus, this study aims to identify the healing environment in two selected hospital buildings in Pakistan that is ICP (Peshawar Institute of Cardiology) and FCP (FC Hospital Peshawar) by determining the percentage of wasted spaces within the building. The selected buildings are analyzed from the following aspects; circulation pattern in the hospital, accessibility, connectivity and barrier free movement within buildings, along with the walkability status of over stressed staff inside the hospital building while navigating, functionality of the schematic designs, the problem of the users concerning repetitiveness in their circulation pattern and the way to increase the efficiency of spaces, their spread and flow in the hospital building. In general, three key factors were investigated in this study, therefore, design determinents, areal distribution and adequate spatial organization. In this regard, total eight design determinants were investigated, i.e. entry, parking, waiting area, connectivity, visibility, walkability, accessibility, and way finding. Study approached the spatial simulation method therefore 3M analysis which is a Japanese model referred as Muda (waste), Muri (over burden), Mura (unevenness) based on the Kaizen theory for eliminating wasted spaces from Hospital buildings. Based on the findings and through the approached tools, the waste spaces within the hospital buildings were removed up to 40%.
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Firmansyah, Rangga, Tita Cardiah, and Fajarsani Retno Palupi. "THE ASPECTS OF UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN INTERIOR DESIGNING." Pendhapa 11, no. 1 (April 16, 2021): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33153/pendhapa.v11i1.3431.
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Many studies show the findings of public facilities' cases still inaccessible to people with disabilities and see the importance of a design, especially in the interior sector, that can produce a built environment that is user-friendly and barrier-free. Accessibility rights for persons with disabilities have been regulated in various regulations ranging from regulations in the central government to laws, government regulations to the minister of public works and regional regulations. There is a regulation of the minister of public works and public housing of the Republic of Indonesia No.14 2017, which regulates the provision of facilities in buildings and environments according to the needs of all age groups and conditions of physical, mental, and intellectual limitations, or sensory-based on the function of the building to make it easier for users and visitors in their activities in public buildings. However, this guideline has not been discussed in detail. This research is intended to review universal design standards in the interior design process, especially in public buildings.
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Abdul Kadir, Syazwani, and Mariam Jamaludin. "Applicability of Malaysian Standards and Universal Design in Public Buildings in Putrajaya." Asian Journal of Environment-Behaviour Studies 3, no. 6 (January 1, 2018): 29–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/aje-bs.v3i6.233.
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This paper discusses an on-going research on universal design implementation in public buildings in Putrajaya with the applicability to Malaysian Standards of accessibility. The areas of study include disability and accessibility issues, current accessibility system in Malaysia, Malaysian Standards and universal design implementation in built environment, and the importance of public buildings in Putrajaya. Site observation involving facilities measurement and photographic documentation was conducted in ßve signißcant public buildings in this city. The ßndings of this study may be used as reference to designers and building managements in providing adequate accessible facilities for the buildings’ visitors.
Keywords: persons with disabilities, Malaysian Standards of accessibility, barrier-free/universal design
eISSN 2514-751X © 2018. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
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Joseph, Heather. "Building Momentum to Realign Incentives to Support Open Science." Data Intelligence 3, no. 1 (February 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00079.
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The COVID-19 pandemic highlights the urgent need to strengthen global scientific collaboration, and to ensure the fundamental right to universal access to scientific progress and its applications. Open Science (OS) is central to achieving these goals. It aims to make science accessible, transparent, and effective by providing barrier-free access to scientific publications, data, and infrastructures, along with open software, Open Educational Resources, and open technologies. OS also promotes public trust in science at a time when it has never been more important to do so. Over the past decade, momentum towards the widespread adoption of OS practices has been primarily driven by declarations (e.g., DORA, the Leiden Manifesto). These serve an important role, but for OS to truly take root, researchers also must be fully incentivized and rewarded for its practice. This requires research funders and academic leaders to take the lead in collaborating, with researchers in designing, and implementing new incentive structures, and to actively work to socialize these throughout the research ecosystem. The US National Academies of Science, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) Roundtable on Aligning Research Incentives for OS is one such effort. This paper examines the strategy behind convening the Roundtable, its current participant makeup, focus, and outputs. It also explores how this approach might be expanded and adapted throughout the global OS community.
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Seo, Donggoo, Kyungsuk Cho, Jongho Lee, and Sangheon Kim. "Study on the Improvement of Domestic Barrier-free Standard and Response Manual to Secure Evacuation Safety for Blind Persons." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 21, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2021.21.1.139.
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There are approximately 290 million blind people worldwide. Among them, approximately 40 million people are severely blind. Although systems and policies have been improved to enhance the convenience of the visually impaired, the standards related to evacuation safety in the case of fire have not been sufficiently improved. Therefore, in this study, to ensure the safe evacuation of the visually impaired in case of fire, domestic fire safety standards were derived by analyzing the development status of a domestic barrier-free system and related manuals based on the characteristics of evacuation behaviors of the visually impaired, as well as by reviewing the cases in the United States and the United Kingdom. As a result, the following measures were derived: 1) improving the display method for landmark elements, 2) customized fire safety education and training for employees, and 3) a plan to develop a personal emergency evacuation planning manual in accordance with the characteristics of a building. It is expected that these objectives can be used to improve fire safety standards and manuals and to develop related technologies for the visually impaired.
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Shvydenko, O. "ADAPTATION “INSTITUTE OF RADIO ELECTRONICS” BUILDING IN KHARKIV FOR MODERN USING." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-131-140.
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Adaptation to modern requirements of buildings, which have got a status of architectural landmarks, is always a compromise between the preservation of authentic elements and bringing the building into line with current standards. In the Building of the Institute of Radio Electronics, the architectural landmark of Kharkiv region, it was necessary to build an elevator to provide barrier-free access to the premises.The goal of this research is to find the best place for a new elevator, where meddling into the building’s body from one side will make minimum damage for its structure and interior design and from another side can be most convenient for users.To solve this problem, it was necessary to collect materials about “Institute of radio electronics” building: conduct bibliographic surveys and search materials in different archives. Historical documents, photos, sketches and historical drawings and field research materials about this building must be put together. Analysis of the collected materials showedthat building was designed in the second part of 1930 for new Kharkov Civil Engineering Institute (KhCEI), which was found in April 1930. In 1930 the place for the building structure was chosen. A KhCEI building architectural competition took place in 1930. The authors of the winning project were Yakiv Steinberg, Rosaliya Fridman. For the KhCEI building J. Steinberg suggested to make experimental constructivist complex. The architect paid special attention to the functioning of the building. Taking into attention that the formation of the department structure of the institute continued until 1932, the architects had only approximate characteristics of the functioning of the house.The building had a long distributor block to which other blocks, intended for separate specializations, were adjoined at right angles. The stairways or ramps were in the corridors of the distributor block as well as in the opposite edges of the transverse blocks. The ground floors and second floors had corridors, which distributedstudents to the necessary premises. The first floor and partly the ground floor were intended for laboratories. The second floor, which had a corridor system, was divided into small rooms for group classes, and the third floor contained large halls for drawing classes had free planning (later became enfilades). Near the stairs there were also the servicing premises combined in one block –toilets, tool rooms and archives, professors' offices with small subdepartment libraries.Only one half of this project was finished in 1933. The complex was damaged during the II World war. In August 1943, the destroyed building was handed to Kharkiv Mining Engineering Institute (KhMEI).In 1944-1945 Dmitry Torubarov developed the project of reconstruction of this complex. His solution preserved Steinberg's idea, but added new parts to it. Torubarov changed the outer view of the complex, because the environment around it had been modified.In 1930 Steinberg worked with an empty area, where were only the main road and the ravine. He made a composition, which was supposed to look from the view point between the main road and the ravine best of all. In 1946 Torubarov worked in the new town area, where the ravine created an empty space in front of the composition. The corner between the main road (that became a significant avenue later) and the ravine wasn't so important. Torubarov moved the center of the composition to the center of facade facing to the ravine.
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Nair, V., D. Nazri, R. Hashim, A. Lau, and M. Muniasamy. "Bridging Barriers, Building Partners: Success of a Multistakeholder Collaborative Effort in Building and Implementing a Free Mammography Programme for Underprivileged Malaysian Women." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 2 (October 1, 2018): 133s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.66700.
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Background and context: Research has revealed two large problems in the Malaysian breast cancer control context. First, a large disparity existed in diagnostic stages of Malaysian patients during first presentation; with a large percentage of patients presenting in Stage 3 or 4. Second, patients presenting in later stages of disease were revealed to be of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. Shortcomings are thus thought to exist in the capability of women from lower socioeconomic groups to access breast cancer screening. To address these gaps, the National Cancer Society of Malaysia conceptualized and put together a multistakeholder collaborative project. Aim: The aim of this project was to build, finance and implement a free mammography program for underprivileged Malaysian women. Strategy/Tactics: To ensure geographic equity in provision of this program, 14 individual private hospitals in 10 different states in peninsular Malaysia were negotiated with and agreed to provide the mammogram at highly competitive prices. To address transport and other costs which may have acted as a barrier for patients to attend their screening, transportation costs for groups going for their screening was also subsidized. Additional stakeholders' engaged were nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) especially those working with the economically underprivileged such as religious and other community NGOs. They were roped in as partners to spread the message, identify eligible participants and schedule visits. Some NGOs carried this out as part of their own outreach activities; reserving specific days at the screening centers for themselves. Program/Policy process: The program consisted of a free mammogram provided to Malaysian women above 40 years of age who were determined to be underprivileged; defined for this program as those having a monthly household income below the poverty line (RM5000). If the mammogram was found to be suspicious, a confirmatory breast ultrasound was also performed sans payment. Once conceptualized, the program was successfully pitched by NCSM to ETIQA Insurance, a large Malaysian insurer, who agreed to fund this project as part of their sustainable corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiative. In total, the program funded mammograms for 5000 women over a period of 1 year from July 2017 to July 2018. NCSM advertised the program through various channels; including traditional media, social media, and at various outreach programs and events. Outcomes/What was learned: The program has run for 8 months and has already screened 3550 women nationwide. The multistakeholder collaborative effort has been highly successful at creating awareness on breast cancer screening and providing accurate breast cancer screening for a large number of underprivileged women, some for the first time in their lives.
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Muzemil, Abdulfettah. "Campus Physical Environment Accessibility for Person with Disabilities in the Ethiopian Public Universities." International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding 5, no. 5 (October 11, 2018): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v5i5.455.
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The study has been conducted aiming to explore the perception of PWDs regarding the accessibility of universities Physical environment for their needs in five purposively selected public universities of Ethiopia. Students with physical disabilities and visual impairments were participants of the study. The study employed survey design to answer the basic questions of the research. Questionnaire has been used as exclusive data collection tool. In addition, quantitative analysis method has been used to analyze the collected data. The result of the study revealed that, in general, respondents believed that theuniversities buildings and overall campuses physical environment were inaccessible for the needs of PWDs. The study also investigated the most common perceived campus physical environment barriers for PWDs such as inaccessible classrooms, libraries, bookstores, auditoriums, dining halls, dorms, circulation areas, corridors and bathrooms. In addition, campus shops, parks, museums, students’ clinic and banks were perceived as not been barrier free to be easily accessed by PWDs. Furthermore, poor ramp designs, lack of elevators and lack of accessible building entrances were also perceived as barriers for PWDs.
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Pryadko, Igor, and Elena Vasilyeva. "Transport system as a factor of the urban development in the XXI century: the Russian capital example." E3S Web of Conferences 135 (2019): 03036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201913503036.
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In this research project the co-authors bring up a most serious problem, that is, biosphere compatibility of urban space planning; this problem is to be solved though development of an urban environment which is barrier free for any urban transport; the solution also contemplates the availability of urban transport routes free from any traffic jams. The coauthors consider different techniques that serve to develop comfortable transport links. A comfortable transportation network boosts the sustainability of any urban economy. The co-authors analyze the following trends in sustainable road building: top priority development of public transport networks, construction of public transport hubs, broadened road paving and bus lanes, and replacement of diesel-fuelled vehicles by electric buses. In this work, the co-authors analyze the findings of an opinion poll on transportation priorities expressed by Moscow residents. Different means of public transport are analyzed in the work, namely, electric buses are compared to trolley-buses and diesel-fuelled vehicles.
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Leung, Mei-yung, Qi Liang, and Jon Pynoos. "The effect of facilities management of common areas on the environment domain of quality of life or older people in private buildings." Facilities 37, no. 3/4 (February 28, 2019): 234–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-03-2017-0030.
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PurposeThe world was facing significant aging challenges. Aging in place has long been advocated which reflected the preference of older people to stay in their own home as long as possible. A huge amount of older people resided in private buildings that consist of both indoor settings (i.e. individual unit flats) and outdoor settings (i.e. common areas like lobby and corridor). The effect of indoor environment on the quality of life of the older people has been investigated, while this paper aims to examine the different effect of common areas environment for the older people.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was administered among over 300 older people living in private buildings. Multiple statistical techniques, including reliability test, correlation coefficient and multiple regression models, were used to analyze the collected data to determine the interactions between facilities management of the common areas in private buildings and the environment domain of quality of life for older people.FindingsThe final results were concluded based on the congruence of all the statistical results, which covered the identification of facilities management factors in common areas of private buildings that could influence the environment domain of quality of life for older people, including overall environment, health-care accessibility, information acquisition and transportation aspects; the overall environment was positively predicted by space and security in common areas of private building; health-care accessibility was positively affected by space, barrier-free facilities and recreational facilities; the information acquisition was only positively predicted by security; transportation was positively predicted by distance and recreational facilities; and building services of common areas in private buildings had no effect on the environment domain of quality of life for older people.Originality/valuePractical recommendations have been made to improve the facilities management of common areas in private buildings to ensure the quality of life for older people, including provision of walking assistance, motion or infrared controlled systems and so on. This study contributed to enhance current understanding of the interactions between the older people and their living environment.
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Gorbanev, S. A., N. A. Mozzhukhina, Gennady B. Yeremin, S. N. Noskov, A. O. Karelin, D. S. Vyucheyskaya, O. I. Kopytenkova, and E. A. Badaeva. "ON PROPOSALS FOR ALTERATIONS AND ADDITIONS TO SANITARY-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS TO LIVING CONDITIONS IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS AND PREMISES." Hygiene and sanitation 98, no. 7 (October 28, 2019): 707–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0016-9900-2019-98-7-707-712.
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Residential buildings and premises must comply with sanitary rules and regulations, but a lot of provisions of sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions contradict Federal legislation and do not provide for the regulation of public relations arising in the process of ensuring sanitary and epidemiological well-being of population at all stages of arranging residential buildings and premises, therefore they require updating. International, national regulatory legal acts of a number of countries, regulatory legal acts of Russian Federation, establishing sanitary and epidemiological requirements for living conditions in residential buildings and premises, research studies carried out in Russia and abroad were used as research materials. A set of general scientific research methods: analytical, system-structural, comparative was a procedural basis of the study. Widening of the scope of sanitary standards and rules: extension of responsibility for compliance with the requirements of the document to the executive authorities, expanding the list of objects prohibited for allocation in residential buildings, measures to ensure a barrier-free environment for the disabled, requirements of inadmissibility of residential building destruction by mold, and others were suggested as the results of the study. Due to the fact that the problem of fresh air is common, the design indices of air and air exchange rate are proposed. Recommended changes regarding noise regulation assume the elimination of contradictions when correction coefficients are applied. Conclusions. Analysis of current sanitary and epidemiological requirements enabled to specify indoor environmental factors of the living space, originating from an interaction of outdoor environment, indoor environment of the living space and direct effect of the human himself and on which favorable living conditions depend, and elaborate on the reasons of violations of the established requirements. Suggested changes and additions corresponded to the main trends existing in international practice are aimed at specifying the provisions of the document, optimizing a number of standards, and eliminating contradictions. It is noted that regulation and monitoring of dwelling condition cannot be limited just by the indoor premises of the building. It is necessary to consider the living environment as a united system: human - residential unit (apartment, room, and auxiliary facilities) - building - surrounding grounds- microdistrict - residential area of the city.
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Zheng, Yuxiang, Huiyong Yin, William E. Boeglin, Peter M. Elias, Debra Crumrine, David R. Beier, and Alan R. Brash. "Lipoxygenases Mediate the Effect of Essential Fatty Acid in Skin Barrier Formation." Journal of Biological Chemistry 286, no. 27 (May 10, 2011): 24046–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m111.251496.
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A barrier to water loss is vital to maintaining life on dry land. Formation of the mammalian skin barrier requires both the essential fatty acid linoleate and the two lipoxygenases 12R-lipoxygenase (12R-LOX) and epidermal lipoxygenase-3 (eLOX3), although their roles are poorly understood. Linoleate occurs in O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide, which, after hydrolysis of the linoleate moiety, is covalently attached to protein via the free ω-hydroxyl of the ceramide, forming the corneocyte lipid envelope, a scaffold between lipid and protein that helps seal the barrier. Here we show using HPLC-UV, LC-MS, GC-MS, and 1H NMR that O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide is oxygenated in a regio- and stereospecific fashion by the consecutive actions of 12R-LOX and eLOX3 and that these products occur naturally in pig and mouse epidermis. 12R-LOX forms 9R-hydroperoxy-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide, further converted by eLOX3 to specific epoxyalcohol (9R,10R-trans-epoxy-11E-13R-hydroxy) and 9-keto-10E,12Z esters of the ceramide; an epoxy-ketone derivative (9R,10R-trans-epoxy-11E-13-keto) is the most prominent oxidized ceramide in mouse skin. These products are absent in 12R-LOX-deficient mice, which crucially display a near total absence of protein-bound ω-hydroxyceramides and of the corneocyte lipid envelope and die shortly after birth from transepidermal water loss. We conclude that oxygenation of O-linoleoyl-ω-hydroxyceramide is required to facilitate the ester hydrolysis and allow bonding of the ω-hydroxyceramide to protein, providing a coherent explanation for the roles of multiple components in epidermal barrier function. Our study uncovers a hitherto unknown biochemical pathway in which the enzymic oxygenation of ceramides is involved in building a crucial structure of the epidermal barrier.
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OSAKAYA, Yoshiyuki. "A STUDY ON ACTUAL CONDITIONS OF BARRIER FREE OF MEDICAL, HEALTH CARE AND SOCIAL WELFARE FACILITIES FOR THE AGED AND THE DISABLED IN LOCAL MEDIUM AND SMALL CITIES." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 6, no. 11 (2000): 223–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.6.223.
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Yu, Jie, Ai Qin Shi, Yi Zhang, and Chang Jun Han. "Study on Interface Design of Bus Station Information Facilities in Korea." Advanced Materials Research 739 (August 2013): 785–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.739.785.
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The urban public traffic information based on the digital technology has become a global trend. The person-centered barrier-free Public Transit Information Systems (PTIS) has been building in Korea, America, Europe and many other countries. Requirements for the design have been raised because of increasing demands of interactive design of PTIS. In this paper, by the investigation of PTIS in Korea in the spot, the interface information and design element of PTIS have been analyzed based on the bus station information facilities and the user experiences, and four typical designs of interface have been compared from the leading, the legibility and the design feeling of information transmit. The discussion on the design idea of the human-computer interaction way in public will contribute to the future industry design.
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McIntosh, Alison, and Cheryl Cockburn-Wootten. "Uncovering absences and gaps: using Ketso in qualitative research for accessible tourism." Journal of Qualitative Research in Tourism 2, no. 1 (May 21, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/jqrt.2021.01.01.
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Engagement of stakeholders in the research process provides valuable insights around tourism issues yet can be fraught with challenges. Ketso is a toolkit that can help overcome these barriers to facilitate stakeholder inclusion and collaboration. Drawing on a study into accessibility and tourism, this paper provides critical reflections on the potential of Ketso as a qualitative method in bringing together diverse stakeholders for inclusive dialogue around social change. Ketso can develop opportunities for change in the tourism system by making the absences of knowledge and assumptions in the worldviews of powerful tourism stakeholders apparent. Our analysis revealed how Ketso enabled inclusive collaboration to engender both tacit and wider community stakeholder knowledge, building capacity for co-created solutions to make tourism more accessible (barrier-free) for travellers with disabilities.
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Deng, Yongliang, Jinyun Li, Qiuting Wu, Shuangshuang Pei, Na Xu, and Guodong Ni. "Using Network Theory to Explore BIM Application Barriers for BIM Sustainable Development in China." Sustainability 12, no. 8 (April 15, 2020): 3190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083190.
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Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology has promoted the development of the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, but has encountered many barriers to its application in China. Therefore, identifying the barriers to BIM application and capturing their interactions are essential in order to control and eliminate the determined barriers. From this standpoint, 23 BIM application barriers were identified through a literature review and expert interviews. Furthermore, the interactions among them were determined based on the Delphi method, which was the foundation for establishing the BIM application barrier network (BABN). Then, the software Pajek was employed to construct the network model and reveal its topological characteristics based on complex network theory, including degree, betweenness, eigenvector, clustering coefficient, network diameter, and average path length. As indicated by the results, BABN possesses scale-free network property because its cumulative degree distribution obeys power–law distribution. BABN is also a small-world network, due to its relatively high clustering coefficient as well as small average path length, implying that barrier propagation in BABN is fast. In addition, the results are discussed and recommendations are proposed. This research will help BIM stakeholders to develop coping strategies to control and eliminate BIM application barriers for the sake of driving BIM sustainable development.
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Kim, Taeseok, Wonjun Choi, Joongoo Jeon, Nam Kyung Kim, Hoichul Jung, and Sung Joong Kim. "A Conceptual Approach to Eliminate Bypass Release of Fission Products by In-Containment Relief Valve under SGTR Accident." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2018 (August 6, 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/5936214.
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During a hypothesized severe accident, a containment building is designed to act as a final barrier to prevent release of fission products to the environment in nuclear power plants. However, in a bypass scenario of steam generator tube rupture (SGTR), radioactive nuclides can be released to environment even if the containment is not ruptured. Thus, thorough mitigation strategies are needed to prevent such unfiltered release of the radioactive nuclides during SGTR accidents. To mitigate the consequence of the SGTR accident, this study was conducted to devise a conceptual approach of installing In-Containment Relief Valve (ICRV) from steam generator (SG) to the free space in the containment building and it was simulated by MELCOR code for numerical analysis. Simulation results show that the radioactive nuclides were not released to the environment in the ICRV case. However, the containment pressure increased more than the base case, which is a disadvantage of the ICRV. To minimize the negative effects of the ICRV, the ICRV linked to Reactor Drain Tank (RDT) and cavity flooding was performed. Because the overpressurization of containment is due to heat of ex-vessel corium, only cavity flooding was effective for depressurization. The conceptual design of the ICRV is effective in mitigating the SGTR accident.
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Yu, Jingyu, Guixia Ma, and Xiaoyan Jiang. "Impact of the built environment and care services within rural nursing homes in China on quality of life for elderly residents." Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management 24, no. 6 (November 20, 2017): 1170–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ecam-08-2016-0187.
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Purpose The ageing of rural Chinese populations is challenging health and social policy, driving growth in rural nursing homes. Living environment plays a role in enhancing elderly quality of life (QoL), however, the impact of the built environment and care services are under-studied. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of the built environment and care services on the QoL of elderly people within rural nursing homes in China. Design/methodology/approach A total of 242 residents of nursing home were surveyed, of which 76 percent were male and 24 percent were female. In total, 25.6 percent were aged between 60 and 69, 40.1 percent between 70 and 79, 31 percent between 80 and 89, and 3.3 percent were 90 or above. Quantitative data were analyzed through factor analysis, reliability test and multiple regression modeling. Findings The authors identified six built environment factors (room distance, space, barrier-free design, indoor environment, fire safety, and support facilities) and three services factors (i.e. daily care services, cleaning services, and healthcare services). QoL was measured over four dimensions: QoL, physical health, psychological health, and social relationships. Elderly QoL could be accurately predicted from room distance, space, barrier-free design, indoor environment, daily care services, and cleaning services. Practical implications Interventions in design of the built environment and the provision of care services are proposed, including dimensions of living space, heating, and provisions for qualified care providers. Originality/value This paper provides a clear picture about elderly special requirements on their built environment and healthcare services, helping architects, engineers and facilities managers understand elderly needs and improve built environment during design and operation stages.
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TANAKA, Chitose, and Kei ADACHI. "A STUDY ON THE BARRIER-FREE ENVIRONMENT AROUND JR STATION IN THE DEPOPULATE AND AGING REGION : Case study on the two evaluations of the residential environment in the Minabe town, Wakayama Prefecture(Rural Planning)." AIJ Journal of Technology and Design 10, no. 19 (2004): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijt.10.259.
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Malashenkova, V. A., and D. Y. Glinin. "ERGONOMIC FACTORS THAT PROMOTE THE FORMATION OF REHABILITATION CENTERS FOR CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-49-55.
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The article presents the main ergonomic factors that contribute to the formation of archi- tecture. The use of ergonomic requirements in the field of architectural design is due to the prob- lems of architectural ergonomics, which are associated with the formation of an environment that allows the child to use his abilities and respond to his individual requests. Based on the studies, 4 main ergonomic factors are identified and their detailed characteristics are given. One of the most important subsystems of the social sphere of any state is nurturing, treat- ment and education of children with various types of disabilities and limitations, which determines the potential of social, economic and cultural development. In our country we are actively searching for the solutions that allow flexible use of the building, taking into account emerging changes in the forms and methods of rehabilitation and training. The solution of this problem is to create open internal, transformed space for children’s rehabilitation centers. In fact the features and specifics of the rehabilitation is a research institution in which there is a research part and it carries out the work in each individual situation, and in the activity of the specialist as a whole, and without focusing on this aspect, this work becomes a simple formality. The application of ergonomic requirements in the field of environmental architectural de- sign highlights the problems of architectural ergonomics, associated with the formation of our im- mediate surrounding, in accordance with individual requests of the person, taking into account the facilitation of the fulfillment of human life functions. Against this background, it is necessary to be very responsive to creating of the architectural environment for children with disabilities. Ergo- nomic factors are the most important forming factors for particular architecture that will affect the treatment and rehabilitation of such children. Thus, the ergonomic factors, that affect the formation of rehabilitation centers for the chil- dren with disabilities, can be divided into 4 groups: • spatial and anthropometric requirements (dimension and size of the equipment and furniture, geometric parameters of space, spatial human behavior, human anthropomet- ric characteristics); • determination of number of storeys; • barrier-free architecture; • psycho-physiological environment. Correcting the architectural environment would reduce the problem of children with disa- bilities. It should be noted that equipping the environment with stationary supporting devices does not solve the problem of physical defect compensation. The environment ―obstacles‖ for such children are: long way, difficult route, irrational movement, interaction with furniture, etc. According to the research, the children and the teachers are forced to walk up to a 40-floor height every day. Of course, this has a negative effect on children’s health. It is established that as a result of 5-floor rising, the pulse rate and blood pressure indicators change significantly, and the recovery occurs only in 10-20 minutes. Most of the existing centers are located in four-, five-storey buildings. Although the hy- gienists in special children’s rehabilitation centers have not performed similar studies, it is correct to assume that the negative impact of these factors on them will increase taking into account the peculiarities of physical growth and development of children with disabilities. The issue of identi- fying the optimum number of stories in a building is closely connected with the organization of connection between the classrooms and the school site. When organizing the environment during the design it is necessary to foresee and ensure: the shortest accessibility to the rooms, actively used by the children; reduction of movement routes, exclusion of difficult routes; obstacle clearing on the path; the use of specially designed furniture, effective trauma protection of the children. It should be noted that the use of such elements as paintings, reproductions, photos, music, color, can significantly improve the mental health of patients and affect the working efficiency of the staff. However, when choosing colors for walls, doors, furniture, for the purpose of special marking, it is necessary to take into account the difficulties in their discrimination for many peo- ple, in particular, for elderly patients, patients with mental disorders and those who have color dis- crimination [6, p. 14]. Medical equipment, that is easy to transform and takes into account the different levels of users’ mobility, will help to create comfortable, safe conditions and lighten the work of the staff. For example, a height-adjustable specialist seating is accessible for the children with muscle- skeleton disorder and, at the same time, reduces staff efforts. Creating barrier-free architecture is one of the topical problems in building an accessible architectural environment for children with disabilities. This factor should take into account the needs of those children who require specific conditions, who have trouble in self-care and mobility. The first and most important requirement for creating a barrier-free environment is the concept of ―universal design‖. The second most important requirement is acting according to a continuity principle of the barrier-free architectural environment. No barriers, the elements, that make impossible or signifi-cantly complicated movement and self-care, should be encountered in all the spheres of human activity, and first of all in the path of movement. It is especially important to follow the continuity principle in the areas where the child is most often. State building codes and design guides help the architects and designers make space for the children with disabilities as accessible, comfortable, and understandable as possible. Nowadays, universal design in our country is at the level of development, but this is the first steps towards improving the architectural environment for children with disabilities.
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Putri, Hertria, and Wilmar Salim. "The Maritime Silk Road’s potential effects on outer island development: The Natuna Islands, Indonesia." Island Studies Journal 15, no. 2 (2020): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.136.
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The development of peripheral or outer islands is not widely discussed in the literature on national economic development. As peripheral and remote areas, outer islands and archipelagos are often ignored because they are deemed unimportant to a country’s economic growth. China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), which aims to open channels of trade and connectivity, may influence island development and alter relationships between outer islands and their associated mainlands. The Natuna Islands are a remote outer archipelago of Indonesia’s Riau Islands Province but now find themselves on the path of China’s 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (MSR), a key element of the BRI. This paper uses outcome mapping to explore how the MSR may have positive and negative impacts on Natuna’s island community. Improved communication, infrastructure, and barrier-free trade will enhance the archipelago’s territorial capital, yet it is important that the island community approaches these developments with care. Community participation and community capacity building are needed to prevent negative developmental trajectories that cause social and environmental harm.
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Kaczorek-Chrobak and Fangrat. "Influence of Constructional-Material Parameters on the Fire Properties of Electric Cables." Energies 12, no. 23 (November 29, 2019): 4569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234569.
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The significant number of cables of different materials and construction used extensively in building objects increases their fire load and, therefore, strongly influences safety in the case of fire. The purpose of the study was to identify relevant factors related to the construction of electrical cables, and perform a qualitative and quantitative assessment of their influence on specific fire properties, such as heat release and smoke production. Fifteen cables of different construction and materials were studied using the EN 50399 standard test. The analysis was focused on cable constructional-material parameters related to the chemical composition of non-metallic elements and the number and shape of conductors in the cable, as well as the concentric barrier as armor or the copper concentric conductor. The conclusions drawn from the experiments were: (1) Construction, the number of conductors, and the presence of armor or concentric metallic conductors improve the fire properties by forming a barrier against flame penetration through the cable; (2) the use of copper conductors resulted in a decrease of fire parameters compared to cables with aluminum conductors (peakHRRav parameter even four times lower for copper cable); (3) construction material based on non-plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) significantly reduced the fire properties of cables more than halogen-free materials (LS0H) (peakHRRav parameter more than 17 times higher for the fully halogenated cable), which is due to the decomposition process of the material; and (4) no clear relationship between the fire parameters and the cable parameter, χ, was found.
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Charest, Philippe, Paul Shepherd, Richard Harris, André Potvin, Claude Demers, and Sylvain Ménard. "Patchwork Gridshells: Using Modularity to Facilitate Prefabrication and Simplify Construction." Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures 60, no. 3 (September 15, 2019): 176–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2019.201.025.
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Modern architectural design has seen a shift towards iconic doubly-curved envelopes enclosing large column-free spaces. Gridshells have long been considered an efficient solution to such designs, but their actual use in practice has not spread worldwide. For elastic gridshells, their advantages in terms of substantial material savings can often be overshadowed by the significant challenges associated with their construction. Similarly, for rigid gridshells, the manufacture of a large number of different members and nodal connections is often a barrier to their implementation. This paper proposes an effective way of designing, fabricating and erecting gridshells. The "Patchwork Gridshell" consists of a number of efficient elastic gridshell patches assembled using rigid gridshell frames. It can easily generate a number of different configurations, use a wide range of materials, and allows more architectural expression of practical long-span forms. The benefits of combining the ingenuously simple efficiency of elastic lattices and the power of digital fabrication are demonstrated by digitally rebuilding four alternative configurations of the Japan Pavilion of the Hanover Expo 2000 as a case study. The result is a flexible digital workflow which creates large column-free spaces that are capable of being constructed efficiently by non- specialist contractors.
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Martínez-Bachs, Berta, and Albert Rimola. "Prebiotic Peptide Bond Formation Through Amino Acid Phosphorylation. Insights from Quantum Chemical Simulations." Life 9, no. 3 (September 16, 2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life9030075.
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Condensation reactions between biomolecular building blocks are the main synthetic channels to build biopolymers. However, under highly diluted prebiotic conditions, condensations are thermodynamically hampered since they release water. Moreover, these reactions are also kinetically hindered as, in the absence of any catalyst, they present high activation energies. In living organisms, in the formation of peptides by condensation of amino acids, this issue is overcome by the participation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), in which, previous to the condensation, phosphorylation of one of the reactants is carried out to convert it as an activated intermediate. In this work, we present for the first time results based on density functional theory (DFT) calculations on the peptide bond formation between two glycine (Gly) molecules adopting this phosphorylation-based mechanism considering a prebiotic context. Here, ATP has been modeled by a triphosphate (TP) component, and different scenarios have been considered: (i) gas-phase conditions, (ii) in the presence of a Mg2+ ion available within the layer of clays, and (iii) in the presence of a Mg2+ ion in watery environments. For all of them, the free energy profiles have been fully characterized. Energetics derived from the quantum chemical calculations indicate that none of the processes seem to be feasible in the prebiotic context. In scenarios (i) and (ii), the reactions are inhibited due to unfavorable thermodynamics associated with the formation of high energy intermediates, while in scenario (iii), the reaction is inhibited due to the high free energy barrier associated with the condensation reactions. As a final consideration, the role of clays in this TP-mediated peptide bond formation route is advocated, since the interaction of the phosphorylated intermediate with the internal clay surfaces could well favor the reaction free energies.
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Mustafa, Ragmi, Basri Ahmedi, and Kujtim Mustafa. "Digitalization of the Parking Lot at the Public University “Kadri Zeka” in Gjilan." International Journal of Recent Contributions from Engineering, Science & IT (iJES) 9, no. 3 (September 27, 2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijes.v9i3.24219.
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The main purpose of this paper is to describe how the construction of the project was carried out, which controls the entries and exits in the parking lot of vehicles "SMART PARKING" at the Public University "Kadri Zeka" in Gjilan, in the Republic of Kosovo. In fact, this paper deals with the digitalization of vehicle parking lots. This project uses hardware and software components for its realization. Hardware components operate according to software instructions executed according to a working program code within a closed and endless programming cycle. This automatic form of operation of a digital car park not only regulates the traffic inside the car park but also satisfies the drivers of the vehicles with information given in a display or monitor. The information refers to vacancies in the parking lot and informs the driver of the vehicle about whether or not he can park his vehicle by allowing or not allowing the opening of the barrier. On the other hand the system becomes even more sophisticated when at the entrance of the smart parking lot is placed the key for searching for the opening of the barrier which may not open if there are no free parking spaces. All of this is controlled by software written in the C ++ programming language, of course within the Arduino UNO programming environment. Therefore, the electronic-hardware devices used in this paper/project are directed by the relevant software placed in the memory of the microcontroller in the system "Smart Parking”. The reason for building this automatic vehicle parking system is to control and prevent the attempted parking of vehicles that would seriously impede the exit of previously parked vehicles in the parking lot of the Public University "Kadri Zeka" in the city of Gjilan, Republic of Kosovo.
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Sugiantoro, Bambang, and Mahbub Puba Fawzan. "REKOMENDASI ACCESS POINT NETWORK PADA FAKULTAS DI LINGKUNGAN UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA." JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) 2, no. 2 (November 18, 2017): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jiska.2017.22-03.
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The wireless network indoors is strongly influenced by the presence of interference. To overcome such interference and to improve the performance of wireless networks, then the optimization is done. There are several kinds of propagation that can interfere with the performance of the wireless network, which includes the number of transmitters (access point), free space loss, Received Signal Stength (RSSI), coverage that can be served, measuring attenuation at the barrier (concrete wall, soft partition, door, and floor).This research is an analysis research where the purpose of this research is to determine the position of good access point at Faculty of Shari'ah and Law Building using bayesian probability method. The first stage of this research is to determine the distance of signal reception to know the strength of the weak signal with manual random sampling so that the data obtained vary. The second stage is to determine the position of the access point with a choice of several points in order to be able to compare the best position based on the floor plan of the Faculty of Shari'ah and Law. The last stage is to calculate probability with Bayesian probability method.Result of this research is the position of the best access point on the 3rd floor that is at position B with probability value 13 while on floor 4 the best access point position at position A with value 10, position D with value 13 and position E with value 13. The most influential propagation in the Faculty of Shari'ah and Law Building is a concrete wall with a large 60% reducing the mass of radiated signals.
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Ma, Yuanhong, Kin Wai Michael Siu, and Guangtian Zou. "Contradictory and consistent views on designing an inclusive community-based centre for older people: a mixed-methods study of different age groups in China." Ageing and Society 40, no. 9 (May 3, 2019): 1867–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x19000254.
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AbstractThe Chinese government encourages the promotion of community-based older people centres as a way to use space rationally, improve social inclusion and support older residents’ everyday lives. This exploratory study is the first to examine in depth the contradictory and consistent attitudes and suggestions of residents of different age groups for the design of an inclusive community-based centre for older and younger people in China. An integrative mixed-methods approach was used. In the quantitative phase, 270 older adults (⩾60 years) and 250 younger adults (<60 years) from Harbin were asked to complete questionnaires (older adults’ response rate = 87.0%; younger adults’ response rate = 87.2%). In the qualitative phase, seven focus group discussions (four groups of older adults, three groups of younger adults) were conducted. The findings indicate that older adults have a higher acceptance level of inclusive design and prefer to share spaces to improve intergenerational interactions than younger adults. Residents of all ages are more likely to share functional spaces related to health services, living services and physical exercise. Moreover, the study reveals some design suggestions: the location of the centre should be away from the residential area and integrated into a public community building; comprehensive services should be provided to older people and be accessible to the whole family; design should be barrier-free, and the climate and nearby spaces should be considered.
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Siu, Kin Wai Michael, Jia Xin Xiao, and Yi Lin Wong. "Policy, implementation and management of the inclusive design of open space for visually impaired persons." Facilities 37, no. 5/6 (April 1, 2019): 330–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/f-01-2018-0021.
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Purpose This study aims to address policy, implementation and management, the three stages of inclusive open space. It compares both the level of design and implementation of open space in Beijing, Hong Kong and Taipei by following the inclusive guidelines. It also identifies recommendations for policy, implementation and management of inclusive open space and its facilities. Design/methodology/approach Field observations were conducted in 27 parks within three cities. In-depth interviews were conducted with a variety of participants, including visually impaired persons, government officers, representatives of non-governmental organisations, local communities and experts. Findings Most of the so-called inclusive environments and facilities have not been user-friendly in actual practice. The findings suggest that policies are an essential precondition; however, implementation and management must not be ignored because they ensure the effectiveness of inclusive design. Research limitations/implications Comprehensive and continuous studies on the proposed framework are recommended throughout the policy, implementation and management processes. Practical implications The findings serve as a reference and direction for taking a holistic approach to inclusive design of open space in densely populated cities. Social implications This study examines the levels of inclusive open space and illustrates how to provide barrier-free environments that can be used by the widest spectrum of people. Originality/value This study evaluates policy, implementation and management in the three cities based on 29 guidelines generated from seven principles of inclusive design. A research framework is proposed for researchers and policymakers to consider how to achieve effective inclusive open spaces.
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MOODLEY, Kody, Pedro V. HERNANDEZ-SERRANO, Amrapali J. ZAVERI, Marcel GH SCHAPER, Michel DUMONTIER, and Gijs VAN DIJCK. "The Case for a Linked Data Research Engine for Legal Scholars." European Journal of Risk Regulation 11, no. 1 (November 4, 2019): 70–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/err.2019.51.
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This contribution explores the application of data science and artificial intelligence to legal research, more specifically an element that has not received much attention: the research infrastructure required to make such analysis possible. In recent years, EU law has become increasingly digitised and published in online databases such as EUR-Lex and HUDOC. However, the main barrier inhibiting legal scholars from analysing this information is lack of training in data analytics. Legal analytics software can mitigate this problem to an extent. However, current systems are dominated by the commercial sector. In addition, most systems focus on search of legal information but do not facilitate advanced visualisation and analytics. Finally, free to use systems that do provide such features are either too complex to use for general legal scholars, or are not rich enough in their analytics tools. In this paper, we motivate the case for building a software platform that addresses these limitations. Such software can provide a powerful platform for visualising and exploring connections and correlations in EU case law, helping to unravel the “DNA” behind EU legal systems. It will also serve to train researchers and students in schools and universities to analyse legal information using state-of-the-art methods in data science, without requiring technical proficiency in the underlying methods. We also suggest that the software should be powered by a data infrastructure and management paradigm following the seminal FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable) principles.
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Sakwa, Richard. "Back to the Wall: Myths and Mistakes that Once Again Divide Europe." Russian Politics 1, no. 1 (March 8, 2016): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24518921-00101001.
Full textAbstract:
Europe is once again subject to an epidemic of wall and barrier building. The war in Ukraine is accompanied by the fortification of its border with Russia, while the Baltic republics are creating the foundations for what is an embryonic new ‘iron curtain’ dividing the Atlantic community from Eurasia. Elsewhere fences are being built to halt the flow of refugees and migrants. These new barriers symbolize the failure to build a Europe ‘whole and free’ in the post-Cold War era, and the failure of the era of globalization to create the conditions for security and development in Europe’s neighborhood. The spate of ‘walling’ reflects not the strength of national sovereignty but its weakness, and not the power of the Atlantic community to spread prosperity, peace and security but the opposite. The era of globalization is accompanied by deepening disjuncture and contradictions, and European leaders have no coherent response. The roots of the crisis lie in the patterns established at the close of the original Cold War in the late perestroika years, with a power shift rather than the transcending politics espoused by Mikhail Gorbachev. The Malta summit of 1989 only partially repudiated the politics of Yalta. The asymmetrical end of the Cold War and the 25 years’ crisis represented by the subsequent cold peace contained within itself the violence and the new divisions that now predominate. The myths and mistakes of the cold peace era need to be challenged and a new transformative politics envisaged.
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Clough, G., J. Wallace, M. R. Gamble, E. R. Merryweather, and E. Bailey. "A positive, individually ventilated caging system: a local barrier system to protect both animals and personnel." Laboratory Animals 29, no. 2 (April 1, 1995): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/002367795780740221.
Full textAbstract:
Most local barrier systems are designed primarily either to protect animals from airborne contamination (exclusion) or to ensure the safety of personnel (hazard containment). Few, other than isolators, are able to cope with the often conflicting demands to do both. The Positive Individually Ventilated system (PIV), which provides pressure adjustable, individual supply and exhaust ventilation to each cage has been tested with this in mind as well as the need to ensure that environmental conditions comply with the requirements of the Home Office Code of Practice (CoP). The results indicate that when compared with traditional open racking the system can reduce both the risk of animals becoming contaminated by airborne infection from the room and the risk of aeroallergens escaping from the cages into the room air. At the same time, environmental conditions within the cages are both less variable and less stressful to the occupants. Conditions of air temperature, relative humidity, ventilation rates, light intensity and (with appropriate air handling) sound levels, all comply with or are better than those required by the CoP. Even with the room air change rate set at only 8/h (8 ac/h) the air distribution system results in draught-free cage ventilation rates of around 50-120 ac/h. This means that with at least the PIV exhaust(s) linked directly into the air conditioning system of the building, the size of the latter and its associated running costs can be reduced by around 50%; this energy saving concept has been approved in principle by the Home Office. Additional benefits include the fact that bedding is kept much drier allowing further cost savings in bedding and associated labour costs. The system is thus beneficial to the animals in protecting them from airborne infection and other stresses. By providing a less variable environment it also helps to minimise the sort of interference with experiments which can arise from that source. Similarly, in accordance with the aims of 'The Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations' (COSHH 1988) and the Health & Safety Executive (HSE 1990), by reducing dust levels in the room air, including allergens, it is also beneficial to the personnel working in the animal rooms.
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Baylis, J., C. Heyd, B. Thoma, A. Hall, T. Chaplin, A. Petrosoniak, T. McColl, M. O'Brien, J. Deshaies, and K. Caners. "LO13: Development of a national, standardized simulation case template." CJEM 22, S1 (May 2020): S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2020.69.
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Innovation Concept: A major barrier to the development of a national simulation case repository and multi-site simulation research is the lack of a standardized national case template. This issue was recently identified as a priority research topic for Canadian simulation based education (SBE) research in emergency medicine (EM). We partnered with the EM Simulation Education Researchers Collaborative (EM-SERC) to develop a national simulation template. Methods: The EM Sim Cases template was chosen as a starting point for the consensus process. We generated feedback on the template using a three-phase modified nominal group technique. Members of the EM-SERC mailing list were consulted, which included 20 EM simulation educators from every Canadian medical school except Northern Ontario School of Medicine and Memorial University. When comments conflicted, the sentiment with more comments in favour was incorporated. Curriculum, Tool or Material: In phase one we sought free-text feedback on the EM Sim Cases template via email. We received 65 comments from 11 respondents. An inductive thematic analysis identified four major themes (formatting, objectives, debriefing, and assessment tools). In phase two we sought free-text feedback on the revised template via email. A second thematic analysis on 40 comments from 12 respondents identified three broad themes (formatting, objectives, and debriefing). In phase three we sought feedback on the penultimate template via focus groups with simulation educators and technologists at multiple Canadian universities. This phase generated 98 specific comments which were grouped according to the section of the template being discussed and used to develop the final template (posted on emsimcases.com). Conclusion: We describe a national consensus-building process which resulted in a simulation case template endorsed by simulation educators from across Canada. This template has the potential to: 1. Reduce the replication of effort across sites by facilitating the sharing of simulation cases. 2. Enable national collaboration on the development of both simulation cases and curricula. 3. Facilitate multi centre simulation-based research by removing confounders related to the local adoption of an unfamiliar case template. This could improve the rigour and validity of these studies by reducing inter-site variability. 4. Increase the validity of any simulation scenarios developed for use in national high-stakes assessment.