Relevant bibliographies by topics / Basa language

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Basa language'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Basa language"

1

Delijar, Ressi Maulidina. "Phonological Errors in Pronouncing Basa Osing: Analysis of Language Behavior." NOTION: Journal of Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 1, no. 2 (2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/notion.v1i2.860.

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This research aims to determine the language behavior of Basa Osing speakers in phonological aspects. This research is important because of the debate over the Basa Osing linguistic status which considers that Basa Osing is only a variation of Javanese, and the other assumption that Basa Osing is an independent local language. This kind of situation will probably affect the behavior of Basa Osing speakers. This research used qualitative methods and collecting data by using silent movie and picture. The participants involved in this research are 10 Basa Osing speakers. Errors found in pronouncing Basa Osing are in form of ignoring the diphtongization of vocals /i/ and /u/ at the end of the word and the palatalization of /b/ at the beginning and at the middle of the word, /d/ at the middle of the word, /D/ at the middle of the word, /g/ at the beginning and middle of the word, and /m/ in the middle of the word, so that the spoken word sounds more like a word in Javanese than Basa Osing.This research aims to determine the language behavior of Basa Osing speakers in phonological aspects. This research is important because of the debate over the Basa Osing linguistic status which considers that Basa Osing is only a variation of Javanese, and the other assumption that Basa Osing is an independent local language. This kind of situation will probably affect the behavior of Basa Osing speakers. This research used qualitative methods and collecting data by using silent movie and picture. The participants involved in this research are 10 Basa Osing speakers. Errors found in pronouncing Basa Osing are in form of ignoring the diphtongization of vocals /i/ and /u/ at the end of the word and the palatalization of /b/ at the beginning and at the middle of the word, /d/ at the middle of the word, /D/ at the middle of the word, /g/ at the beginning and middle of the word, and /m/ in the middle of the word, so that the spoken word sounds more like a word in Javanese than Basa Osing.
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Delijar, Ressi Maulidina, Hamamah Hamamah, and Ika Nurhayani Nurhayani. "Language Attitude of Basa Osing Speakers in Banyuwangi." Nusa: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra 14, no. 3 (2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/nusa.14.3.417-430.

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This research aims to determine the language attitude of Basa Osing speakers. This research is important because of the debate over the Basa Osing linguistic status which considers that Basa Osing is only a variation of Javanese, and the other assumption that Basa Osing is an independent local language. The highlight of the debate was when the Governor of East Java removed Basa Osing from the curriculum of local content. It will affect the attitudes and behavior of Osing speakers, especially young speakers. This research used quantitative method and involved 100 participants around Banyuwangi. The instruments used to collect data were questionnaires. This research proved that there is decline of positive attitudes shown between generation to generation (group I score = 3.19, group 2 = 3.23, group 3 = 3.87). Basa Osing is very possible to experience language shifts in the future if the perspective of the society gets worse.
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Raditiyo Mirza Afiansyah. "Ondhâgga Bâsa, Levels of Speech in Madurese: Sociolinguistic Studies in Language Variations." Linguistik Terjemahan Sastra (LINGTERSA) 4, no. 2 (2023): 62–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/lingtersa.v4i2.10765.

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This study analyzes the speech levels found in the Madurese language according to sociolinguistic studies. The level of speech is closely related to the variety of languages which is one of the study materials in sociolinguistic studies. The author also tries to find out the factors that influence the speech level of the Madurese language and the variations of the language in it. This study uses qualitative research methods and applies descriptive qualitative methods in collecting data. The data collection method is observing the research objects, recording the research objects, taking note of some information related to the research, and interviewing several informants who provide accurate informations related to the research materials. The findings of this study reveal that language variety occurs at the speech level of Madurese. Meanwhile, there are three levels of speech in Madura, namely Basa Enjâ'-iyâ, Basa Èngghi – ènten and Basa Èngghi – Bhunten. This kind of variation is due to its use among different social classes or statuses among people
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Ambarwati, Ambarwati, Alfiah Alfiah, and Nuning Zaidah. "Upaya Guru Bahasa Jawa dalam Menerapkan Unggah-Ungguh Basa pada Mata Pelajaran Bahasa Jawa Kelas X Semester Gasal di SMA Negeri 3 Brebes." JISABDA: Jurnal Ilmiah Sastra dan Bahasa Daerah, Serta Pengajarannya 4, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/jisabda.v4i1.12755.

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The background of this research is that there are still many teachers who have not used good efforts or methods in applying upload-ungguh basa to students. The formulation of the problem that can be taken is how the Javanese language teacher's efforts in implementing upload-ungguh basa in class X odd semester Javanese language subjects at SMA Negeri 3 Brebes and the obstacles encountered by the Javanese language teacher in applying upload-ungguh basa to students. The purpose of this study is to describe the form of the Javanese language teacher's efforts in applying upload-ungguh basa in class X odd semester Javanese language subjects at SMA Negeri 3 Brebes and to describe the obstacles encountered by the Javanese language teacher in applying upload-ungguh basa to students. This research is a descriptive type of research, with a qualitative approach. Sources of research data are Javanese language teachers and odd semester X grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Brebes with research data in the form of descriptions of observations, interviews and documentation conducted with Javanese language teachers and odd semester X grade students of SMA Negeri 3 Brebes. The data analysis technique uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusions. After analyzing the data, several research results were found as follows: the efforts made by Javanese language teachers in applying upload-ungguh basa to students include, 1) providing and conveying knowledge about upload-ungguh basa; 2) familiarize students with using the appropriate Javanese language when communicating; 3) conduct questions and answers to students using upload-ungguh base; 4) provide examples to students on how to behave well; 5) explain the learning material using the Javanese language. The obstacles encountered by the teacher when implementing the upload-ungguh base of students include: 1) the low awareness of students about the importance of learning the Javanese language; 2) many young people consider Javanese to be an ancient language; 3) students use Indonesian in everyday.
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Suwija, I. Nyoman. "Identification of Anggah-Ungguh Kruna Balinese Language." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Culture 3, no. 6 (2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v3i6.557.

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Balinese language is one of the regional languages in Indonesia that has a unique talk system, it is still alive and used as an instrument of communication of Balinese tribe so that it should be well maintained in order to still exist as a cultural vehicle of Bali. The Balinese language has anggah-ungguh kruna (level-word) that an important role in the formation of speech-level or anggah-ungguh basa Bali. This paper aims to describe the identification anggah-ungguh kruna (word level arrangement) which is the specific feature of speaking Balinese. This research is a qualitative research discuss with structuralism theory. Data collection was done by observation and interview method, assisted by recording technique. The collected data is processed by analytical descriptive method. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be described that anggah-ungguh kruna basa Bali include: (1) kruna nenten alus (kruna kasar, mider, and andap); (2) kruna alus, include: (kruna alus singgih, alus sor, alus mider, and alus madia).
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Suwija, I. Nyoman. "Identification of Anggah-ungguh Kruna Balinese language." International journal of linguistics, literature and culture 3, no. 6 (2017): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/ijllc.v3n6.2.

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Balinese language is one of the regional languages in Indonesia that has a unique talk system, it is still alive and used as an instrument of communication of Balinese tribe so that it should be well maintained in order to still exist as a cultural vehicle of Bali. The Balinese language has anggah-ungguh kruna (level-word) that an important role in the formation of speech-level or anggah-ungguh basa Bali. This paper aims to describe the identification anggah-ungguh kruna (word level arrangement) which is the specific feature of speaking Balinese. This research is a qualitative research discuss with structuralism theory. Data collection was done by observation and interview method, assisted by recording technique. The collected data is processed by analytical descriptive method. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be described that anggah-ungguh kruna basa Bali include: (1) kruna nenten alus (kruna kasar, mider, and andap); (2) kruna alus, include: (kruna alus singgih, alus sor, alus mider, and alus madia).
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Nayanggita, Anglila, Kodrat Iman Satoto, and Rinta Kridalukmana. "Perancangan dan Pembuatan Aplikasi Pepak Basa Jawa Menggunakan MobiOne Studio." Jurnal Teknologi dan Sistem Komputer 3, no. 4 (2015): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/jtsiskom.3.4.2015.436-444.

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Indonesia is a nation that has a diversity of cultures and the arts, one of which is Javanese language. Javanese language is a heritage that should be preserved because it is still taught in schools and used in everyday life. The main book to learn Javanese language is Pepak Basa Jawa; a book that contains the essence of Javanese language. The rapid increase of technological development provides easiness for people, especially the pressence of gadgets. Therefore, the making of Pepak Basa Jawa in an application it needed to be a learning media to learn and conserve Javanese language for Indonesian people. The application is practically and attractively packed through iOS based mobile devices. Application Pepak Basa Jawa is built using MobiOne Studio software. Multimedia development method used is the Multimedia Development Life Cycle (MDLC) which consists of six stages: concept, design, collection of material, manufacture, testing, and distribution. The Black Box test is used for application testing method. The results of this study is in the form of an application named Pepak Basa Jawa that can run well on mobile devices based on iOS. This application can be an alternative for the people of Indonesia as a medium of learning in learning the Javanese language.
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Blevins, Juliette, and Daniel Kaufman. "Austronesian Lexemes in Basa Latala of Borneo: A Punan Sajau Song Language." Oceanic Linguistics 63, no. 1 (2024): 182–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ol.2024.a928207.

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Abstract: In recent work based on a 130-item wordlist, Lansing et al. claim that Basa Latala, a Punan Sajau song language of Borneo, is not an Austronesian language. In this squib, we argue that there is no linguistic basis for this claim. Many Basa Latala words have clear Austronesian and Borneo cognates and show evidence of Austronesian cognate morphology.
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Tresnawati, Ni Made Ari. "Anggah-Ungguhing Basa Bali dalam Pembelajaran Drama di Kelas X SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan Tahun Pelajaran 2019/2020." Dharma Sastra: Jurnal Penelitian Bahasa dan Sastra Daerah 2, no. 1 (2022): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25078/ds.v2i1.830.

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The skill of speaking in Balinese is closely related to the learning material of anggah-ungguhing basa Bali or sor singgih basa Bali. The use of Balinese language in vocational high schools can be taught through learning Balinese drama. The problems in this study are (1) the use of Balinese language in teaching drama in Class X SMK (Vocational High School) Negeri 3 Tabanan in the 2019/2020 academic year, (2) the obstacles faced in the use of Balinese language teaching in drama learning in the Class X SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan for the academic year 2019/2020, and (3) the strategies used to increase the use of Balinese language in teaching drama in Class X SMK Negeri 3 Tabanan for the academic year 2019/2020. This study concludes that in learning drama, students can use all types of anggah-ungguhing basa Bali, but there are still some errors in their use. Constraints experienced by students in the use of anggah - ungguhing basa Bali in drama learning are the lack of mastery of Balinese alus vocabulary, difficulty understanding characters in traditional Balinese drama scripts, and online learning systems. Learning strategies that can be used by teachers of Balinese language subjects in an effort to improve student's ability to understand the use of Balinese anggah - ungguhing basa in drama learning are innovative learning strategies that are integrated with elements of 21st century learning. The innovative learning strategies that can be developed by teachers including designing innovative learning, implementing innovative learning models, and utilizing digital learning.
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Juli Astari, Dewa Ayu Made, Ni Nyoman Padmadewi, and Ni Luh Putu Eka Sulistia Dewi. "Analysis of the Language Used by Inter-Caste Marriage (Nyerod) of Balinese Women in Communicating with Their Family." Journey: Journal of English Language and Pedagogy 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.33503/journey.v6i1.2145.

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This study aims to analyse the language used by Balinese women who have inter-caste marriages (Nyerod) in their communication with their families. A phenomenological technique was applied in this study. Serokadan Susut Bangli is the location of the research. The data was gathered in two ways: through observation and interviews. During observation and interviews, the researcher took notes. The objects of study were (1) the language used by men's families to communicate with Balinese women; and (2) the language used by Balinese women to communicate with their families before and after marriage. Three Balinese women were the subjects. The data was examined following the procedure described by Miles and Huberman, which included reducing the data, interpreting the data, and drawing a conclusion. The result showed differences in the language used, where the men's families use low-level Balinese or Basa Bali Biasa to communicate with Balinese women of inter-caste marriages (Nyerod). The language used by Balinese women to communicate with their families before marriage was Basa Bali Madia, and after marriage, they used the polite Balinese language or Basa Bali Alus.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Basa language"

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Hosemann, Aimee Jean. "PUBLIC, PRIVATE, PAST, AND PRESENT: AN EXPLORATION OF THE LANGUAGE AND MUSICAL STRUCTURES OF KOTIRIA/WANANO WOMEN’S KAYA BASA ‘SAD SONGS’." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1361.

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This dissertation explores the way Kotiria/Wanano (E. Tukanoan, Kotiria hereafter) women of the Brazilian Alto Rio Negro (ARN) contrive (McDowell 1990) kaya basa ‘sad songs’ using linguistic and musical resources to construct songs that express loneliness and other private emotions, while also creating alliances and separations from other women in their lives. A central concept is the practice of linguistic exogamy, in which Kotiria marry speakers of other languages, creating a multilingual and multivocal, cacophonic sound during po’oa exchange ceremonies. I compare these songs to mythological narratives depicting the beginnings of Kotiria society and the roles of men and women within it, as well as men’s ceremonial forms of speech and unmarried women’s joking songs as a way to think about the resonances of sound and meaning married women create in their songs. Drawing on resources from linguistic anthropology, ethnomusicology, semiotics, and intersectional feminism, I demonstrate that the singing of – and listening to – kaya basa is a fundamental social structuring event. Despite previous works (e.g., Brüzzi 1962) that saw men’s expressive practices like shamanic chanting or ritual instrument playing as those upholding the social order, I argue that the social order owes its stability equally to women’s public participation in musical practice. Following Hill’s formulation of musicalizing the other (1993, 2009, 2011, 2013), I demonstrate that kaya basa reflect on inter- and intra-community relations on the macro level, while also giving women the chance to comment on important life transitions on the micro level. Moreover, my combined linguistic and spectrographic analyses of the sounds of these songs illustrate the intricate relations between the sounds of language and the sounds of music, the methods by which one understands something is true or false, and how individual singers can contrive differently within the same genre to create a well-formed song. I propose further work on this genre, and on genres that seem to be related which are produced by other groups in the area. I extend Beier, Michael, and Sherzer’s (2002) conception of the greater Amazonian discourse area to one of a greater Amazonian soundscape in which sonic ways of producing and gathering meaning (acoustemologies, Feld 1996) have been and are a major driving force in the arraying of social life across language families in the ARN.
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Dijana, Dugonjić. "Model upravljanja održavanjem objekata visokogradnje." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2015. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=94013&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Vrednost objekata i njihova upotrebljivost opadaju vremenom usled neadekvatnog održavanja. Uobičajen model korektivnog održavanja postaje neprihvatljiv zbog toga što je ekonomski neodrživ. Reaktivno održavanje se zamenjuje proaktivnim održavanjem čijim se planiranjem nepredvidive intervencije svode na najmanju meru. To je moguće ostvariti uvođenjem savremene organizacije upravljanja održavanjem. Za kvalitetno održavanje neophodno je postojanje baze podataka koja omogućava planiranje i kontrolu aktivnosti na održavanju objekata.<br>The value of buildings as well as their utilization declines over the time due toinadequate maintenance. Usual method of corrective maintenance becomesunacceptable due to its economic unsustainability. Reactive maintenance isreplaced by proactive maintenance the planning of which provides forreduction of unpredictable interventions to the greatest possible extent. Thiscan be achieved by introducing modern organization of maintenancemanagement. With a view to establishing quality maintenance, it isnecessary to have the data base which enables planning and supervision ofbuilding maintenance activities.
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Чернишова, Я. "Language derivations in normative legal base of Ukraine." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81260.

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Виконано під керівництвом Миленкової Р.В.<br>У дослідженні розглядаються похідні від іноземних мов до української юридичного мови. Запозичення служать важливим фактором у розвитку мови. Слова іноземного походження постійно проникають в систему національної мови, і це явище привертає увагу вчених.<br>В исследовании рассматриваются производные от иностранных языков юридического языка. Заимствования служат важным фактором в развитии языка. Слова иностранного происхождения постоянно проникают в систему национального языка, и это явление привлекает внимание ученых.<br>The study deals with foreign language derivatives in legal language. Derivations serve as an important factor in language development. Words of foreign origin constantly penetrate the national language system, and this phenomenon attracts the attention of scholars.
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Wijk-Andersson, Elsie. ""Bara" i fokus : en semantisk-syntaktisk studie av "bara" och dess ekvivalenter i nysvenskt skriftspråk /." Uppsala : Uppsala Universitet, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35538553f.

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Thèse--Linguistique--Uppsala, 1991.<br>Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : "Bara" in focus : a semantic and syntactical study of "bara" and its equivalents in written Modern Swedish. Résumé en anglais.
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Flynn, D. "Examination and enhancement of Conceptual Schema languages." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381753.

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Jewell, Rhianedd Mair. "Constructing the self in language and narrative in the work of Grazia Deledda." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75b1dcc0-efac-48c7-baca-e6f45d60e725.

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This thesis examines the presence of modernist ideas regarding identity, language and narrative in the work of the neglected Sardinian author, Grazia Deledda (1871-1936). It has the overall aim of redefining Deledda’s later work as modernist for she has been disregarded by most critics and is generally classed as a minor, veristic writer. Drawing Deledda out of these restricted interpretations, this thesis demonstrates that Deledda straddles two literary modes, for she matures beyond veristic influences and looks forward to modernist ideas, particularly regarding the complex nature of the self. The thesis approaches Deledda from an entirely new perspective in that it focuses upon the crisis of identity in Deledda’s work, and its construction in the narrative of her novels, and its integral relationship with the theme of language. The theoretical framework of Julia Kristeva, Paul Ricoeur and Adriana Cavarero enables an innovative study of identity as a linguistic and narrative construct in Deledda’s work. I maintain that Deledda’s characters construct, control and understand their identities through their application of language or their command of narrative perspective, voicing their inner selves through linguistic self-expression. This study engages in a close textual analysis of three of Deledda’s key texts. La madre (1920) and Il segreto dell'uomo solitario (1921) illustrate Deledda’s movement away from verismo. Their protagonists suffer a crisis of identity which is bound up in linguistic expression and/or narrative control. Cosima (1937), which is Deledda’s most autobiographical text, displays the author’s close affinity with her writing. Creating a fiction of her own life, Deledda becomes both narrator and protagonist, self and other in the exploration of her own identity, which is integrally connected to the act of writing. The very composition of this text demonstrates the construction of identity in language and narrative which is illustrated within Deledda’s other works.
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Nada, Tokodi. "Toksične cijanobakterije sa teritorije Republike Srbije." Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Prirodno-matematički fakultet u Novom Sadu, 2016. https://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=100706&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Ispitano je prisustvo toksičnih cijanobakterija u različitim ekosistemima sa teritorije&nbsp;Republike Srbije i analizirane su negativne posledice koje mogu da prouzrokuju ovi&nbsp;mikroorganizmi. Formirana je Baza podataka cijanobakterija u Srbiji koja prilaže veliki broj bitnih&nbsp; i korisnih informacija iz preko 70 literaturnih izvora o prostiranju i učestalosti pojave cijanobakterija i njihovih toksina u periodu od 130 godina, kao i njihovih efekata na živi svet u vodenim ekosistemima, ali i &scaron;ire. Istraživana su 64 vodena ekosistema, uključujući reke, jezera, bare, kanale, ribnjake, akumulacije za navodnjavanje, akumulacije za snabdevanje vodom za piće i akumulacije sa drugom namenom, gde je najče&scaron;će cvetalo pet vrsta cijanobakterija i to:&nbsp;<em> Microcystis aeruginosa,&nbsp; Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</em>,&nbsp; <em>Planktothrix agardhii,&nbsp; Microcystis flos-aquae</em>&nbsp; i<em>&nbsp; Planktothrix rubescens</em>&nbsp; koje ujedno i &scaron;ire svoj areal rasprostranjenja na teritoriji Republike Srbije. U brojnim vodenim telima detektovani su mikrocistini i to u visokim koncentracijama.Istraživanje vodenog ekosistema Ludo&scaron; sa teritorije Republike Srbije vr&scaron;eno je da bi se ustanovilo prisustvo i uticaj cijanobakterija i cijanotoksina na druge biljne i životinjske organizme u prirodnim uslovima. Trofički status jezera Ludo&scaron; najče&scaron;će je eutrofan, a cvetanje cijanobakterija kontinuirano jo&scaron; od 1970. godine. Tokom 2011. i 2012. godine&nbsp; vrste<em> Limnothrix&nbsp; redekei&nbsp;</em> i&nbsp;<em> Pseudanabaena&nbsp; limnetica</em>&nbsp; nađene&nbsp; u&nbsp; cvetanju. Detektovano je i prisustvo mikrocistina/nodularina i saksitoksina u biomasi i vodi, a mikrocistini su detektovani i u tkivu vodenih biljaka (trske&nbsp;<em> Phragmites communis</em>, rogoza&nbsp; <em>Typha latifolia</em>&nbsp; i ljubičastog lokvanja<em> Nymphaea elegans</em>) i ribi (<em>Carassius gibelio</em>) iz jezera Ludo&scaron;. Histolo&scaron;kim pregledom tkiva ribe&nbsp; pronađene su naizraženije promene u jetri, bubrezima i &scaron;krgama, a primećene su i na crevima.Testiranjem biolo&scaron;kih lesnih pokorica sa teritorije Vojvodine nisu detektovani&nbsp;mikrocistini/nodularini, a nije detektovana ni toksičnost uzoraka. Pretpostavlja se da su koncentracije cijanotoksina ispod granica detekcije ili ih nema u testiranim biolo&scaron;kim lesnim pokoricama. Razvojem novih metoda i optimizacijom postojećih za detekciju cijanotoksina u biolo&scaron;kim lesnim pokoricama i drugim terestričnim ekosistemima potrebno je proveriti dobijene rezultate.Proučavanjem svojstva 84 soja cijanobakterija iz NSCCC, koji potiču iz terestričnih i&nbsp;vodenih ekosistema sa teritorije Republike Srbije, dobijena je intracelularna toksičnost u eksponencijalnoj i stacionarnoj fazi rasta, kao i ekstracelularna toksičnost &nbsp;kod jednog soja koji potiče sa terestričnog ekosistema. Dobijeni su i pozitivni rezultati &nbsp;na prisustvo mikrocistina, nodularina ili/i saksitoksina kod 34,1% terestričnih i 55,5% vodenih sojeva koji potiču sa teritorije Republike Srbije. Rezultati ukazuju na&nbsp; potencijalnu opasnost pojave ovih&nbsp; mikroorganizama i njihovih toksičnih metabolita u različitim ekosistemima sa teritorije Republike Srbije.Eksperimentalno je potvrđena akumulacija mikrocistina u račiću<em>&nbsp; Daphnia pulex&nbsp; </em>usled ishrane toksičnim sojem iz NSCCC, zbog čega upotreba ove vrste račića u izvođenju biolo&scaron;kih testova za testiranje prisustva cijanotoksina treba da se preispita.&nbsp; &Scaron;tavi&scaron;e, veliki broj jedinki dafnija (92,2%) koristio je istraživane sojeve iz NSCCC za ishranu, odnosno ishrana je bila moguća sa svim vodenim i sa gotovo 90% terestričnih sojeva, &scaron;to može poslužiti kao osnov za dalja istraživanja prevencije cvetanja.S obzirom na mogućnost ishrane račića&nbsp;<em> Daphnia&nbsp; sp</em>. cijanobakterijama, kompleks&nbsp;ribnjaka sa teritorije Republike Srbije kori&scaron;ćen je za istraživanje potencijalnog načina&nbsp;prevencije pojave i cvetanja cijanobakterija u zavisnosti od pravovremenog uno&scaron;enja&nbsp;pomenutog račića. Na osnovu koncentracije hlorofila&nbsp; a&nbsp; i trofičkog statusa,&nbsp; kvalitativne i kvantitativne analize cijanobakterija, toksičnosti vode&nbsp; i prisustva cijanotoksina mikrocistina/nodularina i saksitoksina, potvrđeno je smanjenje cvetanja cijanobakterija i drugih negativnih efekata u eksperimentalnim jezerima u odnosu na kontrolna. Ukoliko pak dođe do cvetanja i proizvodnje toksina&nbsp; ijanobakterija u vodenim ekosistemima, zbog ozbiljnost pojave i mogućih negativnih posledica po zdravlje ljudi, neohodno je uvesti postupke eliminacije ćelija&nbsp; cijanobakterija i njihovih &nbsp;toksina u praksu pri obradi&nbsp; otpadnih voda i preči&scaron;ćavanja vode iz povr&scaron;inskih akumulacija u Republici Srbiji.<br>The presence of toxic&nbsp; cyanobacteria in different ecosystems from the territory of the Republic of Serbia was analyzed as well as the negative consequences that may be causeed by these microorganisms. Serbian Cyanobacterial Data Base was formed where great number of important and useful information from over 70 literary sources regarding the distribution and frequency of cyanobacteria and their toxins over a period of 130 years, as well as their effects on wildlife in aquatic ecosystems, and beyond was presented. The study consisted of 64 aquatic ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, ponds, canals, irrigation reservoirs, reservoirs for drinking water supply and reservoirs with other purpose, where five species of cyanobacteria <em>Microcystis aeruginosa,&nbsp; Aphanizomenon flos-aquae,&nbsp; Planktothrix agardhii,&nbsp; Microcystis flosaquae&nbsp;</em> and&nbsp; <em>Planktothrix rubescens</em>&nbsp; frequently bloomed, and also expanded their area of distribution on the territory of the Republic of Serbia. In many water bodies microcystins were detected in high concentrations.Research into aquatic ecosystem Ludo&scaron;, located on the territory of the Republic of Serbia, was performed in order to determine the presence and effect of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins on other plant and animal organisms in natural conditions. Trophic status of&nbsp; the lake Ludo&scaron; was usually eutrophic, and cyanobacteria bloom is constant since 1970. During 2011 and 2012, the species <em>Limnothrix&nbsp; redekei</em>&nbsp; and&nbsp; <em>Pseudanabaena&nbsp; limnetica&nbsp;</em> were found in blooming. Presence of microcystins/nodularin and saxitoxin was detected in&nbsp; biomass and water, and microcystins were detected in tissues of aquatic plants (reed <em>Phragmites communis,</em> cattail&nbsp;<em>Typha latifolia&nbsp;</em>and royalblue waterlily&nbsp; <em>Nymphaea elegans</em>) and fish (<em>Carassius gibelio</em>) from the lake Ludo&scaron;. Histological examination of tissue showed most prominent changes in liver, kidney and gills, and alterations were also observed in the intestine.Testing of the biological loess crust from Vojvodina showed no presence of microcystins/nodularin and toxicity of samples was not detected as well. It is assumed that cyanotoxin concentrations were below detection limit or are absent from the tested biological loess crusts. The development of new methods and optimization of existing ones for detection of cyanotoxins in biological loess crustsand&nbsp; other terrestrial ecosystems is necessary in order to revise obtained results.Research of the properties from 84 strains of cyanobacteria from NSCCC originating&nbsp;from terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems from the territory of the Republic of &nbsp;Serbia, resulte d inintracellular toxicity in exponential and stationary growth phase, as &nbsp;well as extracellular toxicity of a strain originating from terrestrial ecosystems. The obtained results were positive for the presence of microcystins, nodularin and/or saxitoxin&nbsp; for 34.1% terrestrial and 55.5% aquatic strains originating from the territory of the Republic of Serbia. These results demonstrate the potential risk of occurrence of these microorganisms and their metabolites in different ecosystems from the territory of the Republic of Serbia.Accumulation of microcystins in shrimp <em>Daphnia pulex</em>&nbsp;after feeding with toxic strain&nbsp;from NSCCC was experimentally confirmed, indicating that the use of this species of shrimp in biological tests which determine the presence of cyanotoxins needs to be revisited. Moreover, a large number of&nbsp;<em>Daphnia&nbsp; individuals </em>(92.2%) used the investigated strains of NSCCC for food, and the feeding was possible with all &nbsp;the water strains and nearly 90% of terrestrial strains, which can serve as a basis for further research of bloom prevention.With regard to the possibility shrimp <em>Daphnia&nbsp;</em>sp. feeding with cyanobacteria, a&nbsp;complex of ponds from the territory of the Republic of Serbia was used to explore &nbsp;potential ways of prevention the occurrence and blooming of cyanobacteria, depending on the timely introduction of the aforementioned shrimp. Based on the concentrations of chlorophyll&nbsp; a&nbsp; and trophic status, qualitative and quantitative analysis of cyanobacteria, the toxicity of water and the presence of&nbsp; cyanotoxins microcystins/nodularin and saxitoxin, reduction in blooming cyanobacteria and other negative effects in the experimental lakes when compared to the control lakes was confirmed. If the blooming regardless occurres as well as production of cyanobacterial &nbsp;toxins in aquatic ecosystems, due to the seriousness of the phenomenon and the possible negative consequences for human health, it would be necessary to introduce &nbsp;procedures for the elimination of cells of cyanobacteria and their toxins into practice in waste water treatment and purification of water from surface reservoirs in the Republic of Serbia.
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Miller, David R. "Towards knowledge-base systems for translators." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/9811.

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The aim of this thesis is twofold. First, on a theoretical level, it aims to examine knowledge from two standpoints: translation theory and artificial intelligence (AI). Second, on a more practical level, it aims to explore the applicability of research in the branch of AI known as knowledge engineering to the eventual development of knowledge-base systems for translators (KBSTs). The "opaqueness" of a text, or its resistance to understanding, often reflects a difference between the translator's knowledge profile and the knowledge profile that the author of the original text assumed for his reader. Consequently, knowledge maximization can be considered a viable translation strategy for countering opaqueness. When translators work without sufficient knowledge, they are forced to fall back on a "transcoding" or word-bound approach, which, although it sometimes produces acceptable results, is likely to produce an unidiomatic text and is much more prone to serious translation errors. The goal of a KBST, therefore, must be to provide enough knowledge to allow the translator to engage his "interpretative" or meaning-based mode of translating. A knowledge-management system developed at the University of Ottawa called CODE (Conceptually Oriented Description Environment) offers a knowledge acquisition and retrieval environment that can be adapted to the needs of translators. A knowledge base on stock-market options, called optionCODE, was developed by the present author using the system to explore the principle and problems of designing and using KBSTs. An informal experiment demonstrated that translators using this knowledge base as their sole source of knowledge to translate a text concerning options performed as well as, if not better than, a translator using traditional sources. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Kourieos, Angelidou Stella. "An investigation into the preparation of teachers for language teaching at primary level : implications for an Initial Language Teacher Education programme." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3490.

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Following the entry of Cyprus into the European Union in 2004 and based on the philosophy which underpins the language policy in Europe, the island has been investing heavily in early foreign language learning. However, despite improvements in English language learning in primary state schools, no significant changes have been evident as regards the preparation of English teachers at this level. In conducting this research, my primary intention was to offer prospective and practising primary teachers a “voice” to express their own views regarding the content and teaching approach of a potential ELT module within teacher education curricula. The research adopted a mixed-method sequential approach carried out in two phases between March and July 2010. Data were initially obtained from 296 in-service primary teachers and 124 student teachers through a questionnaire-based survey. Data obtained in the second phase through individual and focus group interviews with 9 in-service-teachers and 11 student teachers respectively were used to explain, interpret and further examine the findings of the survey. The findings have highlighted the importance of theory and practice, showing evidence that both are necessary in order to avoid fragmented language teaching. The study suggests, therefore, that providing student teachers with meaningful opportunities to form links between the taught theory and its practical application is a fundamental basis for a more holistic teacher approach to teacher education. This study has also provided evidence that participants view learning as a process embedded in a social context, within which knowledge is constructed through collaborative, awareness-raising tasks set by mentors whose mediating roles in the creation of desirable learning contexts is perceived to be crucial. Although the findings of this research directly concern the Cypriot situation, they are likely to have broader applicability beyond Cyprus, especially in countries where early foreign language learning forms part of their educational agenda. Developing primary teachers’ language teaching knowledge and skills while considering the various types of support they receive during their pre-service education form part of a wider endeavour to ensure quality in early foreign language learning, an objective set by the European Union.
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Connell, Timothy M. "The role of the basal ganglia in cognition and language." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phc75235.pdf.

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Bibliography: p. 379-435. A thesis which aims to clarify the role of the basal ganglia in higher mental processes by investigating the role of the dorsolateral prefrontal circuit, the lateral orbital frontal circuit and the anterior cingulate circuit and other language related circuitry. Twenty five right-handed people with verified lesions of this circuitry were tested for attention, perfomance of complex motor programs, executive functions, memory and language skills and compared to a control group. It was found that mental processing associated with the basal cortical circuitry was orchestration of subprocesses (at the cortical level) and their integration (at the subcortical level) to enable their fluid and effective synchronization for the person to complete more complex tasks.
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Books on the topic "Basa language"

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Tamsyah, Budi Rahayu. Galuring Basa Sunda: Babaran pangajaran tata basa, kosa kecap, pakeman basa, gaya basa, tatakrama basa. Pustaka Setia, 1996.

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Djajawiguna, H. I. Buldan. Raksamitra basa. 2nd ed. Mangle Panglipur, 1987.

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Sumarsono, Tatang. Mahér basa Sunda: Pangdeudeul pangajaran basa Sunda. Geger Sunten, 1995.

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Suleiman, Md Said Haji. Jalan basa Melayu. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, Kementerian Pendidikan, Malaysia, 1993.

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Sukiyat, ed. Kawruh sapala basa. Intan Pariwara, 1997.

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Satjadibrata, R. Kamus basa Sunda. Kiblat, 2005.

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Kuswari, Usep. Sintaksis basa Sunda. JPBD FPBS UPI, 2010.

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Wibisana, Wahyu. Ngamumule basa Sunda. Kiblat, 2011.

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Sudaryat, Yayat. Pedaran basa Sunda: Bahan pengajaran basa Sunda pikeun murid SMTA jeung umum. WAYANG, 1985.

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Sudaryat, Yayat. kaayaan lembur Pedaran basa Sunda: Pangajaran basa Sunda pikeun murid SMTA, mahasiswa PGSD, jeung guru basa Sunda. Geger Sunten, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Basa language"

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Juliana, Tri Wahyu. "Relevance of Evaluation in Rancagé Diajar Basa Sunda Textbook for Sixth Graders with Operational Verbs in the Revised 2013 Curriculum." In Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Language, Literature, Culture, and Education (ICOLLITE 2022). Atlantis Press SARL, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-91-6_93.

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Sparsø, Jens, and Steve Furber. "The Balsa Language." In Principles of Asynchronous Circuit Design. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3385-3_10.

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Sarbo, Janos, and József Farkas. "A Peircean ontology of language." In Conceptual Structures: Broadening the Base. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44583-8_1.

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Wang, Lei, Zhifang Sui, Xuefeng Zhu, and Shiwen Yu. "Chinese Comprehensive Language Knowledge Base." In Chinese Language Resources. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38913-9_2.

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Qiu, Lirong, Yu Weng, Xiaobing Zhao, and Xiaoyu Qiu. "Extracting Hyponymy Patterns in Tibetan Language to Enrich Minority Languages Knowledge Base." In Artificial Intelligence and Computational Intelligence. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23896-3_64.

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Qiu, Lirong, Yu Weng, Xiaobing Zhao, and Xiaoyu Qiu. "Extracting Hyponymy Patterns in Tibetan Language to Enrich Minority Languages Knowledge Base." In Web Information Systems and Mining. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23982-3_13.

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Schalley, Andrea C. "Many languages, one knowledge base." In Human Cognitive Processing. John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hcp.40.06sch.

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Stern, G. "The language of the basal ganglia." In Dementia in Parkinsonism. Springer Vienna, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6846-2_1.

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Wang, Yuncai. "Landscape Unit: Base of Pattern Language." In EcoWISE. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6430-5_3.

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Dik, Simon C. "Generating Answers from a Linguistically Coded Knowledge Base." In Natural Language Generation. Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3645-4_19.

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Conference papers on the topic "Basa language"

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Padmaningsih, Dyah, Yohanes Suwanto, Sri Supiyarno, and Endang Winarni. "Potential Repetition in Tembang Dolanan In Javanese Language." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314208.

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Pulungan, Dedi. "Language Composition and Cultural Characteristics of Mandailing Onang-Onang Charactersas A Relevance of Indonesian Language Learning In Smk Negeri 3 Kota Padangsidimpuan." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314160.

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Suwanto, Suwanto. "The Speech Act of Sermon in Javanese Language at Javanese Christian Church Kismorejo Jaten Karanganyar." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314209.

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Aulia, Citra, and Sahiruddin Sahiruddin. "Language Maintenance of “Basa Walikan” as a Slang by Malang People." In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference Entitled Language, Literary, And Cultural Studies, ICON LATERALS 2023, 11-12 July 2023, Malang, Indonesia. EAI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.11-7-2023.2340596.

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Pudjastawa, Astrid, and Varary Cantika. "When Ludruk Meets Wayang: Development of A Competition-Based Learning System Between Javanese Language Classes at SMKN 3 Malang." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314158.

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Hi Muhamad, Hujaefa, Wakit Abdullah, Dwi Purnanto, and Sri Marmanto. "The Structure of Address, Personal Pronouns and Proclitic As Honorific Markers In Taba Language, East Makean Island, South Halmahera." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314163.

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H, Amriani, Andi Yulianti, and Murmahyati Murmahyati. "Subjugation of Saga Story In Torajan’s Oral Literature." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314155.

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Sugiharti, Sri, M. R. Nababan, Riyadi Santosa, and Supana Supana. "Politeness Strategies of Javanese Woman Characters in Novel ‘Gadis Pantai’ Written by Pramoedya Ananta Toer." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314161.

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Swasono, Endratno, Djatmika Djatmika, Sumarlam Sumarlam, and Miftah Nugroho. "The Realization of Mediator Speech Acts in The Process Of Resolving Divorce Cases At The Religious Court In The Sidoarjo Region." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314193.

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Kristina, Diah, Rafika Kusumawati, Deniawan Chandra, and Muhammad Thoyibi. "Homecoming (Mudik) and the Phenomenon of Social Brotherhood (Mangan Ora Mangan Asal Kumpul): A Question to The Importance of Togetherness During the Corona Pandemic." In Proceedings of the 4th BASA: International Seminar on Recent Language, Literature and Local Culture Studies, BASA, November 4th 2020, Solok, Indonesia. EAI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.4-11-2020.2314225.

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Reports on the topic "Basa language"

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Gerasimova, A. V., O. A. Gracheva, O. A. Zavadskaya, et al. Introduction to physics. Base of tests on Russian as a foreign language (scientific language of physics). Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/ofernio.2013.19355.

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Furey, John, Austin Davis, and Jennifer Seiter-Moser. Natural language indexing for pedoinformatics. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41960.

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The multiple schema for the classification of soils rely on differing criteria but the major soil science systems, including the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the international harmonized World Reference Base for Soil Resources soil classification systems, are primarily based on inferred pedogenesis. Largely these classifications are compiled from individual observations of soil characteristics within soil profiles, and the vast majority of this pedologic information is contained in nonquantitative text descriptions. We present initial text mining analyses of parsed text in the digitally available USDA soil taxonomy documentation and the Soil Survey Geographic database. Previous research has shown that latent information structure can be extracted from scientific literature using Natural Language Processing techniques, and we show that this latent information can be used to expedite query performance by using syntactic elements and part-of-speech tags as indices. Technical vocabulary often poses a text mining challenge due to the rarity of its diction in the broader context. We introduce an extension to the common English vocabulary that allows for nearly-complete indexing of USDA Soil Series Descriptions.
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Гарлицька, Т. С. Substandard Vocabulary in the System of Urban Communication. Криворізький державний педагогічний університет, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3912.

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The article is devoted to substandard elements which are considered as one of the components in the system of urban forms of communication. The Object of our research is substandard vocabulary, the Subject is structural characteristics of the modern city language, the Purpose of the study is to define the main types of substandard vocabulary and their role in the system of urban communication. The theoretical base of our research includes the scientific works of native and foreign linguists, which are devoted to urban linguistics (B. Larin, M. Makovskyi, V. Labov, T. Yerofeieva, L. Pederson, R. McDavid, O. Horbach, L. Stavytska, Y. Stepanov, S. Martos). Different lexical and phraseological units, taken from the Ukrainian, Russian and American Dictionaries of slang and jargon, serve as the material of our research. The main components of the city language include literary language, territorial dialects, different intermediate transitional types, which are used in the colloquial everyday communication but do not have territorial limited character, and social dialects. The structural characteristics, proposed in the article, demonstrate the variety and correlation of different subsystems of the city language. Today peripheral elements play the main role in the city communication. They are also called substandard, non-codified, marginal, non-literary elements or the jargon styles of communication. Among substandard elements of the city language the most important are social dialects, which include such subsystems as argot, jargon and slang. The origin, functioning and characteristics of each subsystem are studied on the material of linguistic literature of different countries. It is also ascertained that argot is the oldest form of sociolects, jargon divides into corporative and professional ones, in the structure of slangy words there are common and special slang. Besides, we can speak about sociolectosentrism of the native linguistics and linguemosentrism of the English tradition of slang nomination. Except social dialects, the important structural elements of the city language are also intermediate transitional types, which include koine, colloquialisms, interdialect, surzhyk, pidgin and creole. Surzhyk can be attributed to the same type of language formations as pidgin and creole because these types of oral speech were created mostly by means of the units mixing of the obtruded language of the parent state with the elements of the native languages.
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Armas, Elvira, and Magaly Lavadenz. The Observation Protocol for Academic Literacies (OPAL); A Tool for Supporting Teachers of English Language Learners. CEEL, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.15365/ceel.article.2011.1.

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Schools and school systems are experiencing an instructional support gap that results in limited opportunities for educators to analyze, reflect on and improve research-based practices for ELLs so that outcomes for culturally and linguistically diverse students can change. To address this need, an inter-disciplinary research team from the Center for Equity for English Learners, comprised of educational leaders, teachers, researchers, and content experts developed a classroom observational instrument—the Observation Protocol for Academic Literacies (OPAL). The OPAL is intended for teachers, educational leaders, coaches, and others to conduct focused classroom observations for three potential purposes: research/evaluation, professional development, and coaching. In this article the authors introduce the OPAL’s research base, describe how to use the OPAL tool, and provide examples of the applied use of the OPAL to support professional learning and evaluate a three-year school reform effort.
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Baader, Franz, Stefan Borgwardt, and Marcel Lippmann. On the Complexity of Temporal Query Answering. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.191.

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Ontology-based data access (OBDA) generalizes query answering in databases towards deduction since (i) the fact base is not assumed to contain complete knowledge (i.e., there is no closed world assumption), and (ii) the interpretation of the predicates occurring in the queries is constrained by axioms of an ontology. OBDA has been investigated in detail for the case where the ontology is expressed by an appropriate Description Logic (DL) and the queries are conjunctive queries. Motivated by situation awareness applications, we investigate an extension of OBDA to the temporal case. As query language we consider an extension of the well-known propositional temporal logic LTL where conjunctive queries can occur in place of propositional variables, and as ontology language we use the prototypical expressive DL ALC. For the resulting instance of temporalized OBDA, we investigate both data complexity and combined complexity of the query entailment problem.
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6

Baader, Franz, and Benjamin Zarrieß. Verification of Golog Programs over Description Logic Actions. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.198.

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High-level action programming languages such as Golog have successfully been used to model the behavior of autonomous agents. In addition to a logic-based action formalism for describing the environment and the effects of basic actions, they enable the construction of complex actions using typical programming language constructs. To ensure that the execution of such complex actions leads to the desired behavior of the agent, one needs to specify the required properties in a formal way, and then verify that these requirements are met by any execution of the program. Due to the expressiveness of the action formalism underlying Golog (situation calculus), the verification problem for Golog programs is in general undecidable. Action formalisms based on Description Logic (DL) try to achieve decidability of inference problems such as the projection problem by restricting the expressiveness of the underlying base logic. However, until now these formalisms have not been used within Golog programs. In the present paper, we introduce a variant of Golog where basic actions are defined using such a DL-based formalism, and show that the verification problem for such programs is decidable. This improves on our previous work on verifying properties of infinite sequences of DL actions in that it considers (finite and infinite) sequences of DL actions that correspond to (terminating and non-terminating) runs of a Golog program rather than just infinite sequences accepted by a Büchi automaton abstracting the program.
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Zarrieß, Benjamin, and Jens Claßen. On the Decidability of Verifying LTL Properties of Golog Programs. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.200.

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Golog is a high-level action programming language for controlling autonomous agents such as mobile robots. It is defined on top of a logic-based action theory expressed in the Situation Calculus. Before a program is deployed onto an actual robot and executed in the physical world, it is desirable, if not crucial, to verify that it meets certain requirements (typically expressed through temporal formulas) and thus indeed exhibits the desired behaviour. However, due to the high (first-order) expressiveness of the language, the corresponding verification problem is in general undecidable. In this paper, we extend earlier results to identify a large, non-trivial fragment of the formalism where verification is decidable. In particular, we consider properties expressed in a first-order variant of the branching-time temporal logic CTL*. Decidability is obtained by (1) resorting to the decidable first-order fragment C² as underlying base logic, (2) using a fragment of Golog with ground actions only, and (3) requiring the action theory to only admit local effects.
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Zarrieß, Benjamin, and Jens Claßen. Verification of Knowledge-Based Programs over Description Logic Actions. Technische Universität Dresden, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.216.

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A knowledge-based program defines the behavior of an agent by combining primitive actions, programming constructs and test conditions that make explicit reference to the agent’s knowledge. In this paper we consider a setting where an agent is equipped with a Description Logic (DL) knowledge base providing general domain knowledge and an incomplete description of the initial situation. We introduce a corresponding new DL-based action language that allows for representing both physical and sensing actions, and that we then use to build knowledge-based programs with test conditions expressed in the epistemic DL. After proving undecidability for the general case, we then discuss a restricted fragment where verification becomes decidable. The provided proof is constructive and comes with an upper bound on the procedure’s complexity.
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Yang, Yanhui, Yun Luo, Jingwen Kang, Zhanbo Zhao, Changshui Weng, and Li Zhang. Efficacy and Safety of Extracorporeal shock wave therapy in Treatment of Hypertrophic Scars and Keloids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.11.0023.

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Review question / Objective: The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials is to evaluate quantitatively the efficacy and safety of extracorporeal shockwave therapies (ESWT) combined comprehensive treatments on hypertrophic scars and keloids compared with comprehensive treatments alone and provide clinicians with an evidence base for their clinical decision making. Information sources: We will search all English and Chinese language articles indexed in PubMed, Medline, the Excerpta Medica database (Embase), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, the Cochrane Library, Physiotherapy Evidence Database(PEDro), Chinese biomedical literature service system(sinomed) before October 2021. In addition to these databases, Google Scholar and the lists of references will be used to carry out citation tracking of the selected studies for identifying any other eligible studies that could have been missed.
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Silva, Rodrigo Ribeiro e., Mateus de Miranda Gauza, Julia Opolski Nunes da Silva Opolski, and Maria Eduarda Schramm Guisso. Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec vs Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100 for Type 2 Diabetes: A Meta-analysis of Phase 2 Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0102.

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Review question / Objective: To compare Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec and Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100 in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus using oral hypoglycemic drugs in need of insulin therapy. Condition being studied: Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 using oral hypoglycemic drugs in need for basal insulin. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion in this meta-analysis was restricted to studies that met all the following criteria: (1) randomized trials; (2) comparing the use once weekly insulin icodec to once daily insulin glargine; (3) enrolling patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus; (4) evaluating any of the desired outcomes; (4) articles in written on english language. We excluded studies with (1) no control group; (2) overlapping studies population; clinical trial register entry only; (3) non-human studies and (4) studies reported only as abstracts.
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