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Journal articles on the topic 'Basalt'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Viladkar, Shrinivas G. "Fenitized pre-carbonatite Deccan basalts in and around the carbonatite diatreme of Amba Dongar, Gujarat, Western India." Journal of Geointerface 4, no. 1 (2025): 83–94. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15574645.

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The late Cretaceous carbonatite-nephelinite diatreme at Amba Dongar area in western India intrude into the sedimentary Bagh beds overlain by Deccan basalt sequence. Being situated on the western periphery of the Deccan flood basalt, the thickness of basalt cover is thin. Basalt (pre-carbonatite) covers the large part of the ring complex in the outer periphery while in the central part of the ring structure thin basalt cover of the pre-doming topography has been preserved. Fragments of this basalt are  caught up in the carbonatite breccia rimming central basalt. Large number of post-carbon

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2

STRIEDER, ADELIR JOSÉ, and ROBERTO HEEMANN. "Structural Constraints on Paraná Basalt Volcanism and their Implications on Agate Geode Mineralization (Salto do Jacuí, RS, Brazil)." Pesquisas em Geociências 33, no. 1 (2006): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1807-9806.19525.

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The Paraná-Etendeka Continental Flood Basalt province hosts world-class agate and amethyst geode deposits in Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil; Serra Geral Fm.). Salto do Jacuí Mining District (Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil) has different types of agate geode hosted in vesicular basalt. A series of structural features has recently been investigated in the Salto do Jacuí Mining District, and indicates at least two volcanic episodes: i) normal tholeiitic basalt and dacite eruption, and ii) vesicular basalt and dacite intrusions as sills and dikes. These structural features include: basalt and aeolian sandst

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3

Moyen, Jean-François. "Granites and crustal heat budget." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 491, no. 1 (2019): 77–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp491-2018-148.

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AbstractThe origin of large I-type batholiths remains a disputed topic. One model states that I-type granites form by partial melting of older crustal lithologies (amphibolites or intermediate igneous rocks). In another view, granites are trapped rhyolitic liquids occurring at the end of fractionation trends defining a basalt–andesite–dacite–rhyolite series. This paper explores the thermal implications of both scenarios, using a heat balance model that abstracts the heat production and consumption during crustal melting. Heat is consumed by melting and by losses through the surface (conductive

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4

Karyakin, Yu V., G. N. Aleksandrova, and А. М. Никишин. "Early Jurassic Flood Basalt Volcanism on the Franz Josef Land Archipelago: Geological and Palynostratigraphical Data." Стратиграфия 31, no. 1 (2023): 27–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869592x23010039.

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Biostratigraphic evidence of the presence of Early Jurassic flood basalts on the Franz Josef Land archipelago is presented. The flood basalts form layered section with two units, which is not discovered for Early Cretaceous basalts. The lower unit is composed by large-columnar basalts (colonnade), and the upper unit by small-columnar (entablature) chaotic-fan basalts. On the Hooker Island, the basalt flow is exposed on the Sedov Plateau, on the Lunacharsky Rock Cape and, possibly, on Al’banov Cape. On the southern slope of the Sedov Plateau, the basalt flow overlaps sands and sandstones, which

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5

Fliedner, Moritz M., and Robert S. White. "Seismic structure of basalt flows from surface seismic data, borehole measurements, and synthetic seismogram modeling." GEOPHYSICS 66, no. 6 (2001): 1925–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1486760.

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We use the wide‐angle wavefield to constrain estimates of the seismic velocity and thickness of basalt flows overlying sediments. Wide angle means the seismic wavefield recorded at offsets beyond the emergence of the direct wave. This wide‐angle wavefield contains arrivals that are returned from within and below the basalt flows, including the diving wave through the basalts as the first arrival and P‐wave reflections from the base of the basalts and from subbasalt structures. The velocity structure of basalt flows can be determined to first order from traveltime information by ray tracing the

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6

Maresh, Jennifer, Robert S. White, Richard W. Hobbs, and John R. Smallwood. "Seismic attenuation of Atlantic margin basalts: Observations and modeling." GEOPHYSICS 71, no. 6 (2006): B211—B221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2335875.

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Paleogene basalts are present over much of the northeastern Atlantic European margin. In regions containing significant thicknesses of layered basalt flows, conducting seismic imaging within and beneath the volcanic section has proven difficult, largely because the basalts severely attenuate and scatter seismic energy. We use data from a vertical seismic profile (VSP) from well 164/07-1 that penetrated [Formula: see text] of basalt in the northern Rockall Trough west of Britain to measure the seismic attenuation caused by the in-situ basalts. The effective quality factor [Formula: see text] of

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7

Greenough, John D., and V. S. Papezik. "The petrology of North Mountain basalts from the wildcat oil well Mobil Gulf Chinampas N-37, Bay of Fundy, Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 24, no. 6 (1987): 1255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e87-119.

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Basalts totalling 236 m in thickness were intersected in the wildcat oil well Mobil Gulf Chinampas N-37 in the Bay of Fundy. A 5.5 m section of conventional core retrieved from the middle of the basalt section sampled two fine-grained, phenocryst-poor, amygdaloidal basalt flows. The basalts, though somewhat altered, show concentrations of ferromagnesian elements (e.g., Fe, Mg, Cr, Ni) and immobile elements (e.g., Zr, Nb, Ta, Hf) as well as chondrite-normalized REE patterns typical of high-Ti quartz-normative tholeiites and are identical to more evolved samples of the North Mountain basalts at

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8

K, Rashidova R., Kurbanov Abdirakhim Ahmedovich, Aliyev T, Jiyanov A. B, Turdieva O. J, and Nurmatov J. T. "Heat Processing and Change of Proper Indicators of Basalts." Land Science 2, no. 2 (2020): p1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30560/ls.v2n2p1.

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This paper presents the results of the analysis of the quality of basalts, their heat treatment and studies of changes in the chemical composition of basalts, which leads to a change in the external color of partially processed basalt raw materials (hereinafter referred to as semi-finished product). The results of a study of purified basalt from slime, impurities and hydroxides, changes in the chemical composition of basalt rock are presented. The prospects of heat treatment of a semi-finished product and obtaining multi-colored products from mineral raw materials is shown. It was found

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9

Abrahamsen, Niels, and Regin Waagstein. "Magnetic logs from the Lopra-1/1A and Vestmanna-1 wells, Faroe Islands." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 9 (May 31, 2006): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v9.4857.

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Susceptibility measurements from cores (representing basalt, lapilli-tuffs and tuffs) and magnetic logs from the Lopra-1/1A well are presented. The basalts fall into high- and low-susceptibility groups with no overlap. The high-susceptibility basalts (seven cores) have susceptibilities between 4 and 88 ×10–3 SI and consist of basalt with < 1% vesicles from thick massive units. The low-susceptibility basalts are intergranular, intersertal or hypocrystalline and contain no or very little (< 1%) visible magnetite, are generally more altered than the high-susceptibility basalts and have susc

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10

Streck, Martin J., Vanessa M. Swenton, William McIntosh, Mark L. Ferns, and Matt Heizler. "Columbia River Rhyolites: Age-Distribution Patterns and Their Implications for Arrival, Location, and Dispersion of Continental Flood Basalt Magmas in the Crust." Geosciences 13, no. 2 (2023): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences13020046.

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Columbia River province magmatism is now known to include abundant and widespread rhyolite centers even though the view that the earliest rhyolites erupted from the McDermitt Caldera and other nearby volcanic fields along the Oregon–Nevada state border has persisted. Our study covers little-studied or unknown rhyolite occurrences in eastern Oregon that show a much wider distribution of older centers. With our new data on distribution of rhyolite centers and ages along with literature data, we consider rhyolites spanning from 17.5 to 14.5 Ma of eastern Oregon, northern Nevada, and western Idaho

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11

Kulieva, Dilafruz, and Mavlon Avezov. "Prospects of using basalt fibers in light industry." E3S Web of Conferences 390 (2023): 05016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202339005016.

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The paper considers the use of basalt ore - natural raw materials of volcanic origin - in Uzbekistan, as well as the wide use of basalt fibers in various sectors of the economy and their further prospects. Basalt rocks are raw materials for production of fibers and ultrafine fibers, belong to magmatic rocks and possess high natural chemical and thermal stability. Basalt rocks are single-component raw materials that have been enriched, melted and homogenized by ancient volcanic activity. However, the main energy input for the primary melting of basalts was carried out by nature. Basalt is a nat

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12

Shao, Yumeng, Danping Yan, Liang Qiu, Hongxu Mu, and Yi Zhang. "Late Permian High-Ti and Low-Ti Basalts in the Songpan–Ganzi Terrane: Continental Breakup of the Western Margin of the South China Block." Minerals 12, no. 11 (2022): 1391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12111391.

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Although the Emeishan Large Igneous Province (ELIP) has been thoroughly researched, the role of the ELIP in the tectonics of the Songpan–Ganzi extensional basin in the eastern Tibetan Plateau has long been argued without any corroborated and robust evidence. We have investigated the basalt succession of the Dashibao Formation along Xindianzi and Xuecheng sections in the southeast margin of the Songpan–Ganzi Terrane (SGT). New SIMS zircon U-Pb ages and geochemical features of the Dashibao Formation are reported in this paper. Zircons of basalt sample XDZ02-1 yielded a weighted mean age of 259.1

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13

Lambert, R. StJ, V. E. Chamberlain, and J. G. Holland. "Ferro-andesites in the Grande Ronde Basalt: their composition and significance in studies of the origin of the Columbia River Basalt Group." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (1995): 424–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-036.

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Flows from the Grande Ronde Basalt of the Columbia River Basalt Group include several with the chemical composition of ferro-andesites. These flows have SiO2 > 55%, MgO < 4%, and also have higher Fe/Mg than the average value for Grande Ronde Basalt. They are also distinctly richer in Cs, Rb, K, Ba, La, Ce, Th, and U than the remainder of the Grande Ronde Basalt flows, and possess small negative Eu anomalies. Their Pb isotopic compositions define a mixing line with a negative slope on a 206Pb/204Pb versus 207Pb/204Pb plot. Their Nd isotopic compositions lie between 143Nd/144Nd = 0.51252 a

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14

Morishita, Tomoaki, Naoto Hirano, Hirochika Sumino, et al. "Alkali basalt from the Seifu Seamount in the Sea of Japan: post-spreading magmatism in a back-arc setting." Solid Earth 11, no. 1 (2020): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-11-23-2020.

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Abstract. We present geochemical and 40Ar∕39Ar age data for a peridotite xenolith-bearing basalt dredged from the Seifu Seamount (SSM basalt) in the northeast Tsushima Basin, southwest Sea of Japan. An 40Ar∕39Ar plateau age of 8.33±0.15 Ma (2σ) was obtained for the SSM basalt, indicating that it erupted shortly after the termination of back-arc spreading in the Sea of Japan. The SSM basalt is a high-K to shoshonitic alkali basalt that is characterized by light rare earth element enrichment. The trace element features of the basalt are similar to those of ocean island basalt, although the Yb co

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15

Young, R. W., C. R. Twidale, and J. T. Hutton. "Silcrete and basalt - discussion." Zeitschrift für Geomorphologie 37, no. 1 (1993): 113–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/zfg/37/1993/113.

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16

Li, Hengxu, Mengqi Gao, Xiaohui Ji, Zhaochong Zhang, Zhiguo Cheng, and M. Santosh. "Machine Learning-Based Tectonic Discrimination Using Basalt Element Geochemical Data: Insights into the Carboniferous–Permian Tectonic Regime of Western Tianshan Orogen." Minerals 15, no. 2 (2025): 122. https://doi.org/10.3390/min15020122.

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Identifying the tectonic setting of rocks is essential for gaining insights into the geological contexts in which these rocks were formed, aiding in tectonic plate reconstruction and enhancing our comprehensive understanding of the Earth’s history. The application of machine learning algorithms helps identify complex patterns and relationships between big data that may be overlooked by binary or ternary tectonomagmatic discrimination diagrams based on basalt compositions. In this study, three machine learning algorithms, i.e., Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradi

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17

Das, Aditya, Subham Sarkar, Dwijesh Ray, and Rahul Sirvi. "Columnar Jointing in the Deccan Continental Flood Basalt, India: Implications as a Martian Analogue." Earth and Planetary Science 4, no. 1 (2025): 26–38. https://doi.org/10.36956/eps.v4i1.1652.

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The continental flood basalt on Earth and the extensive flood basalt provinces on Mars are well recognised for their prominent surface manifestation, which offer valuable insights into the planet’s interior activity and evolution. Mars’s volcanic provinces are significantly larger than those on Earth; however, the volcanic landforms, particularly the columnar jointing in basalt flows, show some remarkable morphological resemblances. The Deccan trap basalts are characterised by a tholeiite composition with typical iron‑rich trend similar to that of Martian basalts. Within the Deccan volcanic pr

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18

Yin, Chengxiang, Jian Chen, Xiaohui Fu, et al. "Petrogenesis of Chang’e-6 Basalts and Implication for the Young Volcanism on the Lunar Farside." Astrophysical Journal Letters 981, no. 1 (2025): L2. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/adaf20.

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Abstract Mare basalts from lunar farside are pivotal for unraveling lunar nearside-farside dichotomies and global thermal history. The Chang’e-6 (CE-6) mission conducted the first sampling from a young basaltic unit within the Apollo basin on the lunar farside. Here, we performed comprehensive petrological and geochemical analyses on the CE-6 basalt clasts. The CE-6 basalt is a low-titanium basalt (about 5 wt% TiO2) depleted in KREEP components. The absence of olivine, particularly magnesium-rich olivine, suggests that the basaltic magma underwent extensive fractional crystallization. Thermody

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Liu, Jin, Lida Luo, Jiali Xu, Xiaoxu Zhu, Guoying Shi, and Qingwei Wang. "The Impact of the Composition on the Properties of Simulated Lunar Mare Basalt Fibers." Materials 17, no. 9 (2024): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17092043.

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Lunar mare basalt is recognized as an important in situ resource on the lunar surface. However, the significant compositional variability of lunar mare basalts introduces uncertainties concerning the potential for their use in fabricating fibers and composite materials. This study investigates the impact of different components on the fiber-forming capabilities of mare basalts by simulating the compositions of basalts collected from several well-known lunar missions and then preparing simulated lunar mare basalt fibers. Raman spectroscopy is primarily employed for analysis and characterization

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20

Kahle, A., B. Winkler, and A. Radulescu. "Small-angle neutron scattering investigation of the effect of a heat-treatment on the microstructure of porous basalt rocks." Mineralogical Magazine 70, no. 6 (2006): 689–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/0026461067060355.

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AbstractSmall-angle neutron scattering has been used to study the microstructure of natural porous basalt rocks. The effect of temperature on the rock microstructure has been investigated on ‘as received’ and heat-treated basalts. The magnitudes of α, the power-law scattering exponent were between 3 and 4 for the majority of the rocks, indicating a surface fractal structure between the basalt matrix and the pore space. Heat-treated basalts show higher α values, and therefore a smoother pore surface. Internal surface areas were determined for all basalts depending on the thermal history.

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Bhardwaj, Priyanka, Mainak Mitra, and Pranab Kumar Saha. "Interpreter's Corner." Leading Edge 40, no. 8 (2021): 619–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/tle40080619.1.

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Basaltic reservoirs have produced hydrocarbon from Yurihara Field in Japan, Quiko Depression in China, and Padra Field of Cambay Basin and Western Offshore Basin in India. The availability of fractured, altered, and vesicular basalts contributes to reservoir development in this stratigraphic unit. This study is conducted in the Kutch-Saurashtra Basin, located at the western continental margin of the Indian subcontinent wherein, the Deccan basalt, with a thickness range of 200–2500 m, overlies Mesozoic sediments. The Jurassic and Cretaceous sediments constitute the main source rock in the area.

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Hooper, P. R., B. A. Gillespie, and M. E. Ross. "The Eckler Mountain basalts and associated flows, Columbia River Basalt Group." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 4 (1995): 410–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-035.

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Recent mapping of flows of the Columbia River Basalt Group between Lewiston and Pomeroy, southeast Washington, places the chemically distinctive Shumaker Creek flow as a new member between the Frenchman Springs and Roza members of the Wanapum Basalt. This leaves the Eckler Mountain Formation composed of only the Robinette Mountain and Dodge chemical types, with the Lookingglass flow forming the base of the overlying Wanapum Basalt. One Robinette Mountain flow and five separate flows of Dodge composition are recognized and traced across the Blue Mountains Anticline of southeast Washington and n

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Kurbonov, A., L. Sattorov, B. Kamolov, and O. Rakhimov. "Chemical and mineralogical studies of basalt “Aydarkul”." BIO Web of Conferences 71 (2023): 02040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20237102040.

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In the article, the geologic, structural, and mineralogical composition of the “Aydarkul” basalt mine was studied as a result of research, and a complete analysis of the physical and chemical pieces of the basalt rock was given. Based on the results of theoretical and experimental studies, the physical and chemical foundations of pyro- and hydrometallurgical methods of rock processing - basalt raw materials - have been developed. Technological options are proposed that allow obtaining demanded products of various compositions. A schematic diagram of the complex processing of basalt raw materia

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Adams, Steven M., and Gerilyn S. Soreghan. "Producing Dust through Simulated Glacial Abrasion of Basalt Clasts with Implications for Mars." Planetary Science Journal 6, no. 5 (2025): 124. https://doi.org/10.3847/psj/adc9ab.

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Abstract Multiple processes have been proposed for the genesis of dust on Mars, including volcanic eruptions, eolian abrasion, bolide impacts, and glacial grinding. Atmospheric dust has a significant impact on climate that is heavily dependent on the particle size distribution (PSD) of the dust. Therefore, we ask, do different dust-generating mechanisms produce different dust PSDs and, consequently, different impacts on the climate? Glacial grinding is the erosive process of clasts embedded in the base of a glacier sliding across bedrock or subglacial sediment. We use basalt clasts as analogs

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25

Reidel, Stephen P., and D. Brent Barnett. "Igneous Rock Associations 27. Chalcophile and Platinum Group Elements in the Columbia River Basalt Group: A Model for Flood Basalt Lavas." Geoscience Canada 47, no. 4 (2020): 187–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2020.47.166.

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The Columbia River Basalt Group is the youngest and best preserved continental Large Igneous Province on Earth. The 210,000 km3 of basaltic lavas were erupted between 16.6 and 5 Ma in the Pacific Northwest, USA. The peak of the eruptions occurred over a 700,000-year period when nearly 99% of the basalts consisting of the Steens, Imnaha, Picture Gorge, Grande Ronde and Wanapum Basalts were emplaced. In this study we examined the Platinum Group Elements (PGEs) Pt and Pd, and the chalcophile elements Cu and Zn in the Columbia River Basalt Group. The presence of Pt, Pd and Cu in the compositionall

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26

Zhang, Cheng, Jianping Chen, Yiwen Pan, et al. "Geomorphology, Mineralogy, and Chronology of Mare Basalts in the Oceanus Procellarum Region." Remote Sensing 16, no. 4 (2024): 634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16040634.

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Mare basalts on the lunar surface are tangible expressions of the complex thermal evolution and geological processes that have occurred within the lunar interior. These basaltic manifestations are highly important because they provide invaluable insights into lunar geological evolution. Notably, the Oceanus Procellarum region, which is renowned for its extensive and long-lasting basaltic volcanism, is a premier location to investigate late-stage lunar thermal evolution. The primary aim of this research is to elucidate the geomorphological, compositional, and temporal attributes that define the

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27

Nazarov, Sayfulla, Khasan Razzokov, Gayrat Shirinov, et al. "Investigation of thermal properties and composition on basalts of the Aydarkul deposit by methods DTA/DTG and X-ray diffraction." E3S Web of Conferences 389 (2023): 01023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202338901023.

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To study the applicability of the basalt fiber through various experimental works in thermal and chemical environments, lining heat-insulating materials basis on basalt of Aydarkul deposit were compared and discussed. The identification and study phase pert structures lining heat-insulating materials basis on basalt of Aydarkul deposit used X-ray diffraction analysis. The basalt fiber showed better strength retention than the glass fiber at relatively high temperature. The article studies the endothermic effects of the thermolysis process, which appear at a temperature of 80 ÷240 0C. They show

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28

Japsen, Peter, Morten Sparre Andersen, Lars Ole Boldreel, et al. "Seismic and petrophysical properties of Faroe Islands basalts: the SeiFaBa project." Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS) Bulletin 4 (July 20, 2004): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34194/geusb.v4.4784.

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Flood basalt-covered basins exist worldwide along continental margins and are now in focus as targets for future hydrocarbon exploration. It is generally difficult to image through the basalt cover by conventional seismic reflection methods, and this is a major challenge to future petroleum exploration offshore the Faroe Islands. Long-offset profiling has proven very successful (White et al. 2003). Surprisingly, however, it is possible to image through kilometre-thick basalt sequences on some conventional profiles. Details of basalt stratigraphy are revealed on old, reprocessed seismic profile

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29

Mills, Andrea, and Hamish Sandeman. "Lithostratigraphy and lithogeochemistry of Ediacaran alkaline basaltic rocks of the Musgravetown Group, Bonavista Peninsula, northeastern Newfoundland, Canada: an extensional volcanogenic basin in the type-Avalon terrane." Atlantic Geology 57 (August 5, 2021): 207–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4138/atlgeol.2021.010.

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Volcanic rocks of the Ediacaran Musgravetown Group on Bonavista Peninsula, Avalon terrane, Newfoundland, include basal ca. 600 Ma calc-alkaline basalt succeeded by continental tholeiite and alkaline rhyolite of the ca. 592 Ma Plate Cove volcanic belt (Bull Arm Formation), indicating a change from subduction-related to extensionrelated tectonic regimes during that interval. Alkalic basalts on northeastern (Dam Pond area) and southwestern (British Harbour area) Bonavista Peninsula occur below and above, respectively, the ca. 580 Ma glacial Trinity facies. Dam Pond basalt occurs in a structural d

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30

Kanayama, Kenji. "Basalt Fibers." Seikei-Kakou 33, no. 4 (2021): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4325/seikeikakou.33.117.

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31

Rakovan, John. "Pillow Basalt." Rocks & Minerals 80, no. 4 (2005): 287. http://dx.doi.org/10.3200/rmin.80.4.287-287.

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32

ELGHAWABI, SAMIR H., RAWIA E. ZEWER, SAMIHA M. IBRAHIM, and SAMIR R. SELIM. "Basalt Pneumoconiosis." Occupational Medicine 35, no. 4 (1985): 131–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/occmed/35.4.131.

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33

Kadyrova, Zulayho, Shokhista Niyazova, Munira Kazakova, and Aman Purkhanatdinov. "Physico-chemical studies of Arvaten basalt for the production of mineral fiber." E3S Web of Conferences 431 (2023): 06027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202343106027.

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The article carried out complex studies to determine the chemical, chemical-mineralogical composition, acidity and viscosity modules of basalt from the Arvaten deposit. It has been established that the basalts of this deposit can be used as a raw material for the production of stone casting materials, in the form of mineral wool, as well as basalt fiber with corrective additives.

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Nelson, Faye E., René W. Barendregt, and Mike Villeneuve. "Stratigraphy of the Fort Selkirk Volcanogenic Complex in central Yukon and its paleoclimatic significance: Ar/Ar and paleomagnetic data." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 46, no. 5 (2009): 381–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e09-025.

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Brunhes, Matuyama, Kaena, and Mammoth age basaltic lava flows (Tertiary–Quaternary Selkirk Volcanics) were sampled in west-central Yukon. The mean characteristic remanent magnetization (ChRM) direction of the flows sampled in this and previous studies has a declination of 348.7° and an inclination of 70.8° (n = 42, k = 99.6, α95 = 2.2°) (all on lower hemisphere). The time range represented in this study (ca. 3.25 to ca. 0.004 Ma) is great enough to have confidently averaged secular variation. Sediment associated with the basalt has a mean declination of 7.6° and inclination of 78.8° (n = 5, k

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35

Hussain, M. Faruque, Md Shofiqul Islam, and Mithun Deb. "Petrological and geochemical study of the Sylhet trap basalts, Shillong plateau, N.E. India: Implications for petrogenesis." European Journal of Geosciences 2, no. 1 (2020): 01–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.34154/2020-ejgs-0201-1-18/euraass.

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Sylhet Traps exposed along the southern margin of Shillong plateau, Northeast India are subalkaline tholeiitic basalts. The basalts are generally massive but occasionally contain large amygdules of zeolites and chalcedony. Microscopically, some basalts show porphyritic texture with olivine phenocrysts. Phenocryst assemblage of plagioclase ± clinopyroxene ± olivine implies crystallization at shallow level. SEM-EDX analysis shows occurrences of spinel with Ni and Cr within the basalts therefore indicating partial melting of the subcontinental lithospheric mantle as the possible source materials

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Landing, Ed, Georgia Pe-Piper, William SF Kidd, and Karem Azmy. "Tectonic setting of outer trench slope volcanism: pillow basalt and limestone in the Taconian orogen of eastern New York." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 40, no. 12 (2003): 1773–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e03-076.

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The only pillow basalt in synorogenic sedimentary rocks at the exterior margin of the Taconic orogen in eastern North America is at Stark's Knob in eastern New York. Earlier reported as extrusive into allochthonous Ordovician slope and rise facies, this small lens (ca. 125+ m long, 39 m thick) is a fault-bounded block in Upper Ordovician melange under the Taconian frontal thrust. Its N-MORB (normal mid-ocean ridge basalt) basalt geochemistry and spinel composition are characteristic of oceanic ridge settings at a water depth of 2 km or more. Abundant limestone lenses on pillows and lava shelve

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Kislov, Evgeniy V., Anna V. Aseeva, Vladislav V. Vanteev, Anton Yurievich Sinyov, and Olga A. Eliseeva. "Naryn-Gol Creek Sapphire Placer Deposit, Buryatia, Russia." Minerals 12, no. 5 (2022): 509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12050509.

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A new gem corundum occurrence has been discovered in the Naryn-Gol Creek placer of the Dzhida volcanic field (Russia). In this placer deposit, sapphire associates with large crystals of garnet, spinel, augite, olivine, enstatite, ilmenite, Ti-magnetite, and alkali feldspar. Such a combination of minerals is typical for the placer deposits associated with alkali basalts widely distributed in Southeastern Asia and Australia. We have also found sapphire crystals in phonotephrites of the nearby Cenozoic alkali-basalt paleovolcano Barun Khobol Pravyi, and in basalt sample and trachybasalt from the

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He, Hua Nan, and Wei Dong. "Study on Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams Strengthened with Basalt Fiber Polymer Sheets." Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (January 2012): 2941–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.2941.

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In practical concrete structures, once reinforced concrete beams serve in case of over cracking or are even damaged due to sudden overloading, it is necessary to repair or strengthened the damaged members for purpose of restoring the structural capacities and keeping the structures working well. At present FRP strengthening technique is one of the most accepted methods available in civil engineering. This paper particularly presents a new FRP material，basal fiber, which is applied to strengthen flexural behaviors of reinforced concrete beams suffering from different amplitudes of cracking dama

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Nicholson, Suzanne W., Klaus J. Schulz, Steven B. Shirey, and John C. Green. "Rift-wide correlation of 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system basalts: implications for multiple mantle sources during rift development." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 34, no. 4 (1997): 504–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e17-041.

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Magmatism that accompanied the 1.1 Ga Midcontinent rift system (MRS) is attributed to the upwelling and decompression melting of a mantle plume beneath North America. Five distinctive flood-basalt compositions are recognized in the rift-related basalt succession along the south shore of western Lake Superior, based on stratigraphically correlated major element, trace element, and Nd isotopic analyses. These distinctive compositions can be correlated with equivalent basalt types in comparable stratigraphic positions in other MRS localities around western Lake Superior. Four of these composition

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Lutter, William J., Rufus D. Catchings, and Craig M. Jarchow. "An image of the Columbia Plateau from inversion of high‐resolution seismic data." GEOPHYSICS 59, no. 8 (1994): 1278–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1443685.

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We use a method of traveltime inversion of high‐resolution seismic data to provide the first reliable images of internal details of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG), the subsurface basalt/sediment interface, and the deeper sediment/basement interface. Velocity structure within the basalts, delineated on the order of 1 km horizontally and 0.2 km vertically, is constrained to within ±0.1 km/s for most of the seismic profile. Over 5000 observed traveltimes fit our model with an rms error of 0.018 s. The maximum depth of penetration of the basalt diving waves (truncated by underlying low‐vel

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Kahn, Maureen, Annia K. Fayon, and Basil Tikoff. "Constraints on the post-orogenic tectonic history along the Salmon River suture zone from low-temperature thermochronology, western Idaho and eastern Oregon." Rocky Mountain Geology 55, no. 1 (2020): 27–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.24872/rmgjournal.55.1.27.

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ABSTRACT The abrupt boundary between accreted terranes and cratonic North America is well exposed along the Salmon River suture zone in western Idaho and eastern Oregon. To constrain the post-suturing deformation of this boundary, we assess the cooling history using zircon and apatite (U–Th)/He thermochronology. Pre-Miocene granitic rocks, along a regional transect, were sampled from accreted terranes of the Blue Mountains Province to cratonic North America (Idaho batholith). Each sample was taken from a known structural position relative to a paleotopographic surface represented by the basal

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Siringoringo, L. P., B. Sapiie, A. Rudyawan, and I. G. B. E. Sucipta. "The distribution of vesicular structures in Sukadana Basalt, East Lampung, Indonesia, and its significance for the geological structure interpretation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1373, no. 1 (2024): 012043. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1373/1/012043.

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Abstract The characteristics of the geological structures controlling the presence of Sukadana basalt on the Earth’s surface are still an enigma. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the probable types of geological structures and their orientations that could control the occurrence of Sukadana Basalt lava on the Earth’s surface. To seek answers to this problem, this study utilized vesicular structure data from Sukadana Basalt based on 13 rock samples from 13 observation points. We measured the diameter of the vesicular and the sum of the megascopic vesicular per cm2 for every samp

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Dhiman, Anshul. "Micromorphology of basalt alterite and its implications on the geological processes during quiescence period of the Deccan volcanism, Kharghar hill, Maharashtra, India." Indian Association of Sedimentologists 41, no. II (2024): 31–38. https://doi.org/10.51710/jias.v41iii.377.

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Palaeoweathering unearths hidden mysteries of the previously weathered (paleo) surfaces. Researchers have shown that each mineral weathers/alters in a particular manner and is process-specific. Micromorphology is the most reliable and well-established technique to identify process-specific features imparted in an alterite under a given set of conditions. The Indian Deccan traps form one of the world’s largest flood basalt volcanic provinces and has numerous exposures. Notwithstanding, systematic micromorphological studies of Deccan flood basalts are lacking compared to such flood basalts of gl

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Linthout, K. "Provenance of the Roman basalt stone at Kotterbos (Lelystad, the Netherlands): A geoarchaeological study based on petrographic and geochemical analysis, and comparison with a synthesis of basalt stones along the northern Limes." Netherlands Journal of Geosciences - Geologie en Mijnbouw 94, no. 4 (2015): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/njg.2014.45.

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AbstractA solitary unprocessed, 26-cm basalt stone recently found at the Roman (69 AD) site at Kotterbos (Lelystad, the Netherlands), situated 40 km north of the Limes, has been examined petrographically and geochemically. The rock is similar to previously investigated Roman basalt stones and blocks from the Limes in the province of Utrecht. All are alkali olivine basalts and basanites, which are also the dominant rock types in the nearby volcanic hinterland in Germany. On the basis of 23 criteria, including all major and minor elements plus a selection of trace elements, the Kotterbos stone c

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Venkatesan, T. R., K. Pande, and K. Gopalan. "40Ar-39Ar Darting of Deccan Basalts." Journal Geological Society of India 27, no. 1 (1986): 102–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1986/270102.

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Abstract The feasibility of dating igneous rocks by the 40Ar-39Ar method in India using the Apsara nuclear reactor at BARC, Bombay is reported, based on measurements on two tholeiitic basalts and one alkali basalt associated with the Deccan volcanism. The ages of the tholeiitic basalts are 71±4 Ma and 65±4 Ma, respectively and that of the alkali basalt is 682 Ma. Apart from the low neutron flux requiring long irradiation times, the neutron fluence within the sample irradiation volume is somewhat anisotropic. The latter needs to be minimised to achieve the higher precision the method is capable

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Sethna, S. F., and Priya Javeri. "Geology and Petrochemistry of the Deccan Spilitic Basalts at and around Daman, India." Journal Geological Society of India 53, no. 1 (1999): 59–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17491/jgsi/1999/530108.

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Abstract Major, trace and rare earth element analyses of spilitic basalts and some dolerite dykes and microprobe mineral analyses of a spilitic basalt are reported. It is postulated that these rocks represent subaqueous flows erupted under fairly shallow water which was insufficient for complete spilitisation of the basalt. The process of metasomatism under subaqueous conditions is considered to have been responsible for the alteration of tholeiite to spilite.

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Kazakova, M. N., A. A. Eminov, and I. K. Shokоsimov. "CHEMICAL-MINERALOGICAL STUDY OF BASALT AND SERPENTINITE FOR OBTAINING MINERAL FIBER." Steklo i Keramika, no. 16 (April 2023): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/glc.2023.04.pp.040-045.

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The article presents the results of studies on the chemical-mineralogical composition, acidity and viscosity moduli of basalt and serpentinite of the Arvaten deposit. It has been established that the basalts and serpentinites of this deposit can be used as a raw material for the production of stone casting materials, in the form of mineral wool, and with corrective additives are suitable for the production of basalt fiber.

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Mathews, W. H. "Neogene Chilcotin basalts in south-central British Columbia: geology, ages, and geomorphic history." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 26, no. 5 (1989): 969–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e89-078.

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An extensive but generally thin mantle of basalt flows, the Chilcotin Group, covers much of the Interior Plateau of south-central British Columbia. It provides material for dating and for reconstructing the original form of the paleosurface on which it was deposited. K–Ar whole-rock dates demonstrate that several ages of basalt are represented, from Early Miocene (or even Late Oligocene?) to Early Pleistocene, with particularly abundant eruptions about 14–16, 9–6, and 1–3 Ma ago.Basalts of Middle Miocene and later ages, if not the Early Miocene relics as well, clearly rest on land surfaces of

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Ren, Qiubing, Mingchao Li, Shuai Han, Ye Zhang, Qi Zhang, and Jonathan Shi. "Basalt Tectonic Discrimination Using Combined Machine Learning Approach." Minerals 9, no. 6 (2019): 376. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min9060376.

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Geochemical discrimination of basaltic magmatism from different tectonic settings remains an essential part of recognizing the magma generation process within the Earth’s mantle. Discriminating among mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), ocean island basalt (OIB) and island arc basalt (IAB) is that matters to geologists because they are the three most concerned basalts. Being a supplement to conventional discrimination diagrams, we attempt to utilize the machine learning algorithm (MLA) for basalt tectonic discrimination. A combined MLA termed swarm optimized neural fuzzy inference system (SONFIS) wa

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Francis, P. E., P. Lyle, and J. Preston. "A tholeiitic andesite flow unit among the Causeway Basalts of North Antrim in Northern Ireland." Geological Magazine 123, no. 2 (1986): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800029769.

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AbstractA tholeiitic andesite flow unit occurs in tholeiitic basalt lava in the Giant's Causeway region of North Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is the first example of an intermediate differentiate to be found among these quartz-normative basalts. Separate magma batches for the preceding and succeeding basalt formations are indicated by their Zr/P2O5 ratios, and by the differing fractionation trends shown by molecular proportion ratio plots. The tholeiitic andesite was probably extruded in a superheated condition with few crystal nuclei, and subsequent undercooling produced an unusual fasciculat

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