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Journal articles on the topic 'Base of the (economic) Pyramid'

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Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Hsiung, Bingyuang. "The Concept of Relativity and Economic Theorizing*." Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics 13, no. 4 (2002): 351–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02601079x02001300401.

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The discipline of economics can be viewed as a pyramid, with the subject matter as its base and the analytical approach its upper part. It is argued that the pinnacle of the pyramid is the concept of relativity. The concept provides a unifying theme for various economic inquiries, and thus can be seen the starting point for economic theorizing in general.

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Claeyé, Frederik, Yosra Boughattas, and Erno T. Tornikoski. "Formation of Social Entrepreneurial Intention: A Qualitative Grounded Approach at the Base of the Pyramid." Administrative Sciences 12, no. 1 (2022): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010024.

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While there have been some attempts at investigating and theorizing social entrepreneurial action at the base of the economic pyramid, our understanding of the processes contributing to the formation of social entrepreneurial intention in contexts of extreme poverty remain limited. In this study, we aim to address this gap by providing a better understanding of the formation of social entrepreneurial intentions of youths at the base of the economic pyramid. Drawing on a qualitative grounded approach, we highlight the role of self-confidence, perceived self-efficacy and social ascension beliefs

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Maestre-Matos, Marcela, Jahir Lombana-Coy, Francisco J. Mesías, and Ahmed Elghannam. "Institutional Factors That Affect Inclusive Businesses: The Case of Banana Cooperatives in the Magdalena Region (Colombia)." International Journal of Rural Management 17, no. 1_suppl (2021): 69S—96S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0973005221991603.

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Inclusive business as a model at the base of the pyramid is a relatively recent unit of study in academic literature. From the institutional perspective, businesses are affected by norms, processes, rules of moral and ethical behaviour, which have not been studied for the base of the pyramid in inclusive businesses, much less in agricultural cooperatives. The objective of this research is to identify institutional factors that can affect agribusiness inclusive models. In this research, agricultural cooperatives of banana production in the province of Magdalena, Colombia, are the unit of analys

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Khadilkar, Pramod. "Formulating the Design Scope for the Base of the (Economic) Pyramid." Design Issues 33, no. 2 (2017): 4–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/desi_a_00436.

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Base of the (economic) Pyramid (BoP) represents a population living under severe resource constraint s. Design for BoP has crucial responsibility of achieving the well-being through fulfillment of specific needs. At BoP, design has to shoulder this additional responsibility due to absent or severely constrained mechanisms to translate the functional product into well-being. This paper proposes a design scope for the BoP using normative approach from developmental economics, and then compares it with the pervasive product centric scope. Author defines product centricity as a design scope that c

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Thakur, Rakhi. "Community marketing: serving the base of the economic pyramid sustainably." Journal of Business Strategy 36, no. 4 (2015): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jbs-04-2014-0041.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge the importance of community networks in distribution of services and to present a conceptual framework outlining the antecedents and consequences of community marketing. Developing countries represent large untapped markets at the bottom of economic pyramid which is not serviced by conventional products using traditional marketing channels. Organisations are increasing looking at involving local community and broad range of partners called “Community Marketing” in this paper as a viable channel to expand their market by reaching out to this

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Adegbile, Abiodun, and David Sarpong. "Disruptive innovation at the base-of-the-pyramid." critical perspectives on international business 14, no. 2/3 (2018): 111–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cpoib-11-2016-0053.

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Purpose The authors aim to examine the potential opportunities and challenges multinationals operating in Africa are likely to encounter when they seek to pioneer disruptive innovations at the base of the pyramid (BoP) in African emerging markets. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the extant literature on the BoP, disruptive innovation and the African business context, the authors explore the pioneering of disruptive innovations in the African socio-economic context. Findings This study develops various hypotheses to extend our understanding of disruptive innovations at the BoP. The autho

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Anderson, Jamie, and Niels Billou. "Serving the world's poor: innovation at the base of the economic pyramid." Journal of Business Strategy 28, no. 2 (2007): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02756660710732611.

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Deb, Sadrita, and Subhojit Sengupta. "What makes the base of the pyramid susceptible to investment fraud." Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 1 (2020): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfc-03-2019-0035.

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Purpose Dubious investment schemes by unlisted companies are alluring individual investors at the base of the pyramid to invest money and lose them. The purpose of the abstract is to identify the factors that induce the people at base-of-pyramid (BoP) to invest in fraudulent schemes. Design/methodology/approach Open-ended interviews of people at the BoP from areas in and around Kharagpur town in West Bengal were conducted. Through open coding, codes, categories and themes were generated. Findings Interpersonal trusts form the central feature of investment fraud. The personal relationship among

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Paras, Manoj Kumar, Daniel Ekwall, and Rudrajeet Pal. "Developing a framework for the performance evaluation of sorting and grading firms of used clothing." Journal of Global Operations and Strategic Sourcing 12, no. 1 (2019): 82–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jgoss-11-2017-0047.

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PurposeThis paper aims to propose a framework for evaluating the performance of reverse value chain activities in the clothing industry operating at base of the pyramid. Specifically, the research explores firm and supply chain factors influencing clothing reverse value chain activities with a focus on developing economies.Design/methodology/approachThe study adopted an explorative technique using direct observations and semi-structured interviews to collect information from eight companies and two traders. Internal resources and value chain capabilities were examined using theoretical underpi

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Solon, Florentino S. "Developing a National Training Pyramid." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 18, no. 2 (1997): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659701800214.

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The training pyramid is a system with designated levels corresponding to types of training needed for personnel in a national nutrition programme. Each proportional level refers to the type, purpose, and content of training and the category of individuals to be trained. Level III, the upper part of the pyramid, is intended for a few professionals with master's or doctoral degrees who deal with macronutrition issues and the solution of nationwide nutrition problems through policies, programmes, macroplanning, and legislative action. Short-term training periods provide skills in studying and for

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Niño Cano, Anna Karina, and Angélica María Carvajal Guerrero. "Promoviendo la innovación de negocios verdes en empresas de la base de la pirámide de Cúcuta a través del valor compartido y la filantropía." Mundo FESC 14, no. 28 (2024): 296–307. https://doi.org/10.61799/2216-0388.1601.

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Promoting green business innovation in companiesat the base of the pyramid in Cúcuta, Colombia,through shared value and philanthropy is crucial forthe sustainable development of the region. In recentyears, several research studies have highlighted theimportance of these practices in generating positivesocial and environmental impact, as well as drivinginclusive economic growth. According to Porter, theconcept of shared value implies the creation of valuefor both the company and society, recognizing thatlong-term business success is intrinsically linked tosocial and environmental progress. This

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Mukherjee, Malobi, and Jacob Wood. "Consolidating Unorganised Retail Businesses through Digital Platforms: Implications for Achieving the UN Sustainable Development Goals." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (2021): 12031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112031.

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This study explores whether digitalisation of unorganised retail (UR) businesses in emerging markets have a positive socio-economic impact on the lives of the subsistence consumer–merchants who perform the dual role of being, not only consumers providing for themselves and their families, but also the managers of micro-UR businesses. We develop a framework for sustainable business model innovation at the base of the pyramid by undertaking content analysis of 65 newspaper articles (interviews with senior executives and founders of digital app-based platforms, expert analysis) as well as social

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Antonova, А. А., and P. S. Khmelenko. "Economic Assessment of the Performance of Metal Trading Enterprises." Economics and Management 27, no. 7 (2021): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35854/1998-1627-2021-7-537-546.

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Aim. The presented study aims to improve the theoretical and methodological approach to assessment and to develop practical recommendations for improving the performance of metal trading enterprises.Tasks. Based on a study of the essence of the concept of “performance” and assessment models, the authors develop methodological provisions for assessing the performance of enterprises; investigate industry-specific features and factors affecting the performance level of metal trading enterprises; develop a comprehensive methodology for assessing the performance level of enterprises in the metal tr

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Tewari, Seema, Harjit Singh, Shobhit Wadhwa, and Deepak Tandon. "Scaling Impact Investment for Sustainable Development Goals: An Empirical Analysis." Australasian Business, Accounting and Finance Journal 15, no. 5 (2021): 4–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.14453/aabfj.v15i5.2.

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Impact Investing is a community of investors willing to create social and environmental impact along with financial returns by investing either directly with Base of Pyramid[1] (BoP) enterprises or indirectly through enterprises that help in creating impact by investing in BoP organizations. Adoption of SDGs[2] quantified the expectation paradigm of the global community for social, environmental and economic achievable and projected/targeted achievement of SDGs by 2030 made the governments, businesses, institutions daunted with the task in hand hence, it is imperative for investing community t

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Keerthan, Raj, and S. Aithal P. "GENERATING WEALTH AT THE BASE OF THE PYRAMID – A STUDY USING ABCD ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE." International Journal of Computational Research and Development 3, no. 1 (2018): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1205586.

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It is known that the bottom of the pyramid is the largest but poorest socio-economic group in the world. The current usage of the term ‘bottom of the pyramid’ refers to the four billion people living on less than $ 2 per day, the definition was proposed in 1998 by C. K. Prahalad and Stuart L. Hart. The wealth and revenue generation capabilities at the base of the pyramid, especially in emerging markets have been the topic of many studies and research in the recent years. The potential of the customers, who live on less than $ 2 per day, is immense. This population of four billion i

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Tate, Wendy L., Lydia Bals, and Donna Marshall. "Supply chain management at the base of the pyramid." International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 49, no. 5 (2019): 438–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-06-2019-390.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compile a set of articles tackling supply chain issues in BOP contexts that address both demand and supply. Solutions are needed for global sustainability problems from medical aid and food availability to the ability to participate in supply chains for the global poor. Design/methodology/approach The accepted articles in the special issue used a range of qualitative and quantitative methodologies to answer research questions in a variety of base of the pyramid (BOP) contexts. These approaches and results distinguish between demand (BOP market) and suppl

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Feng, Sun, and Gong. "A Case Study of Pyramid Scheme Finance Flow Network Based on Social Network Analysis." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (2019): 4370. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164370.

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(1) Background: The pyramid scheme has caused a large-scale plunder of finances due to the unsustainability of its operating model, which seriously jeopardizes economic development and seriously affects social stability. In various types of networks, the finance flow network plays an extremely important role in the pyramid scheme organization. Through the study of the finance network, the operational nature of pyramid scheme organizations can be effectively explored, and the understanding of pyramid scheme organizations can be deepened to provide a basis for dealing with them. (2) Methods: Thi

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WEBB, JUSTIN W., MICHAEL H. MORRIS, and RUBIN PILLAY. "MICROENTERPRISE GROWTH AT THE BASE OF THE PYRAMID: A RESOURCE-BASED PERSPECTIVE." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 18, no. 04 (2013): 1350026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s108494671350026x.

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In a base-of-the-pyramid context, the ability to start ventures is often quite robust because micro-entrepreneurs are able to start with few resources and can often sustain ventures for extended lengths of time in the absence of meaningful revenues. Yet, the ability to grow ventures tends to be much more problematic. This paper examines the role of resources in yielding competitive advantage for microenterprises in base-of-the-pyramid markets, arguing that the value of resources is a function of their ability to supplement formal institutional voids. We consider access to formal infrastructure

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Jensen, Robert, Paul C. Godfrey, and Christian Mealey. "Entry Modes at the Base of the Economic Pyramid: The Emergence of Hybrid Organizational Forms." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (2013): 10214. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.223.

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Dr., Smitha Sambrani. "UNDERSTANDING RURAL MARKETS – A STUDY OF POTENTIAL OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES." International Journal of Computational Research and Development 2, no. 1 (2017): 113–17. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.821614.

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Around the world, four billion people lives in poverty and marketing firms are still struggling to turn them into customers. For the past decade, business visionaries have argued that these people, dubbed the “Base of the Pyramid”, make up an enormous, untapped market. Some of the world's biggest, savviest corporations have aimed to address their basic needs — by selling them everything from clean water to electricity and from FMCG to consumer durables. “Improving the lives of billions of people at the bottom of the economic pyramid is a noble endeavor. It can also be a lucrative one. Fast pac

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Feng, Pihu, Zaiwu Gong, and Duoyong Sun. "Research on interpersonal relationship network of pyramid scheme organization based on social network: A case study." International Journal of Modern Physics C 30, no. 07 (2019): 1940016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183119400163.

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As a form of organized crime, pyramid scheme has brought huge economic losses to many countries, especially China, and caused serious social problems. How to deeply analyze the structure of pyramid scheme organizations is a necessary topic to explore and combat pyramid scheme organizations. Social network analysis is an effective method to study organized crime. Among them, the motif and exponential random graph models are effective tools for studying organizational microstructure, endogenous process. For the first time, this paper uses the social network analysis to study the interpersonal re

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Makarchuk, Oksana. "Assessment of Waste Generation and Efficiency of Their Use in Economic Activity." Modern Economics 31, no. 1 (2022): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v31(2022)-13.

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Abstract. Introduction. The problem of waste accumulation and efficient use in Ukraine is particularly large and significant. This is due to the dominance of resource-intensive and waste-intensive technologies in the country's economy, as well as the low degree of their processing. At the same time, the high level of resource use of the national economy, as well as energy and raw materials orientation in combination with the outdated technological base continue to determine the high rates of generation and accumulation of various types of waste. The unresolved problems lead to a further deepen

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Santos, Nicholas J. C., and Gene R. Laczniak. "Marketing to the Base of the Pyramid: A Corporate Responsibility Approach with Case Inspired Strategies." Business and Politics 14, no. 1 (2012): 1–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/1469-3569.1364.

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The economic and political outcomes of market globalization continue to be complex. As international corporations engage developing markets, they increasingly find consumers who lack market sophistication, meaningful purchasing options and economic leverage. Such conditions are ripe for the exploitation of these market segments but also can be mitigated by enlightened managers willing to thoughtfully consider their ethical and professional obligations to vulnerable consumers. This paper builds on a normative ethical framework, labeled the integrative justice model (IJM) for impoverished market

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Calton, Jerry M., Patricia H. Werhane, Laura P. Hartman, and David Bevan. "Building Partnerships to Create Social and Economic Value at the Base of the Global Development Pyramid." Journal of Business Ethics 117, no. 4 (2013): 721–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1716-0.

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Dzimba, Esnah, and John Andrew van der Poll. "Disruptive Innovation at the Base-of-the-Pyramid: Negotiating the Missing Links." Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity 8, no. 4 (2022): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/joitmc8040171.

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The disruptive innovation framework has become a topical issue in recent years. Despite its popularity, as well as the perceived strategic advantages it bestows on entrant firms, little is known about the disruptive innovation capability of new-technology-based firms (NTBFs) in the South African context. This article explores the contextual factors that influence disruptive innovation capability in South Africa’s base-of-the-pyramid (BoP) environment and how, given the specifics of this operating environment, entrepreneurs strategize for disruptive innovation capability. Following the developm

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Rahman, Syed Abidur, Azlan Amran, Noor Hazlina Ahmad, and Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh. "Supporting entrepreneurial business success at the base of pyramid through entrepreneurial competencies." Management Decision 53, no. 6 (2015): 1203–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-08-2014-0531.

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Purpose – Large private organisations (LPOs) creating entrepreneurship opportunities for people at the base of the economic pyramid (BoP) is a thought-provoking issue for researchers. The main purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the influence of support from LPOs on entrepreneurship business success among the BoP segment through entrepreneurial competencies. Design/methodology/approach – The paper follows a quantitative research approach. Data were collected from a sample of 134 BoP entrepreneurs in Bangladesh using a structured survey instrument. Partial least square has been empl

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Arnould, E. J. "Dynamic Transformations for Base-of-the-Pyramid Market Clusters." Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 33, no. 3 (2005): 254–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0092070304273495.

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Kuada, John. "Marketing, economic growth, and competitive strategies of firms in Africa." African Journal of Economic and Management Studies 7, no. 1 (2016): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ajems-02-2016-0014.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of marketing in the economic growth and competitive strategies of Sub-Sahara African firms. It also seeks to offer a backdrop for the papers in the present volume of AJEMS. Design/methodology/approach – It is based on a review of a selection of literature that highlights past and current perspectives of marketing’s contribution to economic growth and firm performance in developing economies. Findings – The review suggests that trade liberalization in African countries since the 1980s has changed the competitive landscape of firms locat

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BRAU, JAMES C., CRAIG MERRILL, and KIM B. STAKING. "INSURANCE THEORY AND CHALLENGES FACING THE DEVELOPMENT OF MICROINSURANCE MARKETS." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 16, no. 04 (2011): 411–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946711001926.

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Microinsurance institutions and instruments have developed rapidly over the last decade, with policies covering tens of millions at the base of the economic pyramid. Ranging from simple policies providing life or health insurance to complex policies covering catastrophic risks for small landholders, it is a market with proven potential that demands closer attention. This paper provides a review of the nascent academic literature and then suggests some critical elements of insurance theory that may help us understand the challenges facing microinsurance markets and how these markets can better

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Juma, Norma, Joy Olabisi, and Eliada Griffin-EL. "Understanding the Motivation Complexity of Grassroots Ecopreneurs at the Base of the Pyramid." Sustainability 14, no. 21 (2022): 14092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142114092.

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This qualitative study focuses on the factors that motivate grassroots ecopreneurship at the base of the pyramid (BoP). Our study is anchored by the research question, “How are grassroots ecopreneurs at the BoP of Kenya motivated?” The participants were mainly drawn from beneficiaries of a multinational Non-Governmental Organization. Using a grounded theory approach, we conducted 12 qualitative case studies, 10 focus groups and 2 interviews, recording 61 participants. We triangulated data sources through data collected from primary and secondary sources, such as archival documents and archival

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López-Morales, José Satsumi, Felipe de Jesús Rosario-Flores, and Antonio Huerta-Estevez. "Business in the Base of the Pyramid: A Literature Review and Directions for Future Research." Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies 11, no. 22 (2020): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/omee.2020.11.36.

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   The base of the pyramid (BoP) is the lower-income segment of the population. It represents an important market that is often disregarded by companies as a source of economic benefit. For this reason, scholars have gained interest in this topic since the early 21st century. The main objective of this article is to identify research areas related to business in the BoP. A qualitative investigation was carried out by reviewing the business literature on the BoP. Sixty-seven articles related to the topic were reviewed. This literature review was conducted using the four-stage

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Fu'adah, Silvissifa'il, and Eko Ganis Sukoharsono. "Analysis of Corporate Social Responsibility at PT. Plantation X Based on the Perspective of "CSR Hierarchical Pyramid”." Basic and Applied Accounting Research Journal 4, no. 2 (2024): 155–67. https://doi.org/10.11594/baarj.04.02.03.

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This study aims to analyze the implementation of CSR at PT Perkebunan Nusantara X (PTPN X) based on the CSR Hierarchical Pyramid perspective. This research is a qualitative library research with a case study approach. The data in this study are secondary data in the form of annual reports and sustainability reports of PTPN X for the 2020-2022 period collected through documentation. The results of this study indicate that (1) The results of the study indicate that almost all of PTPN X's CSR practices are in accordance with the CSR Hierarchical Pyramid which includes legal, economic, social phil

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Andrews, Tim G., and Khin Thi Htun. "Economic Inequality, Cultural Orientation and Base-of-Pyramid Employee Performance at the MNC Subsidiary: A Multi-Case Investigation." Management International Review 58, no. 2 (2017): 337–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11575-017-0338-7.

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van der Merwe, Michael D., Sara S. Grobbelaar, Isabel A. Meyer, Cornelius S. L. Schutte, and Konrad H. von Leipzig. "A Framework of Key Growth Factors for Small Enterprises Operating at the Base of the Pyramid." Sustainability 12, no. 22 (2020): 9327. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12229327.

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Enterprises operating at the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) find it difficult to simultaneously achieve economic (profitable growth) and social (poverty alleviation) outcomes. This study builds on a previously published systematic literature review that identified the key growth-promoting factors of the Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) operating in this space. A Grounded Theory Approach was followed to identify six core focus areas, which form the basis of a practical framework to evaluate SMMEs at the BoP, namely: Business modelling; business strategy; innovation; marketing; strategic

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WEBB, JUSTIN W. "A SYSTEM-LEVEL VIEW OF INSTITUTIONS: CONSIDERATIONS FOR ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND POVERTY." Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship 26, no. 02 (2021): 2150010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1084946721500102.

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Poverty levels represent an important indicator of economic development. A widely-held view among scholars is that formal institutions provide the foundation to support entrepreneurial activity that, when robust, can support economic development. Scholars typically examine the influence of specific formal institutions, such as property rights, tax policies, infrastructures, or otherwise. Herein, I seek to complement and build upon this extant research by elaborating a system-level view of institutions. Interfaces, tradeoffs and externalities are discussed as three key characteristics of instit

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Arif, G. M., Najam Us Saqib, and G. M. Zahid. "Poverty, Gender, and Primary School Enrolment in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 38, no. 4II (1999): 979–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v38i4iipp.979-992.

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Primary education is at the base of the pyramid of education, and is regarded as a fundamental human right today. In addition, it has several tangible social and economic effects. As an essential component of human capital, primary education plays an important role in the economic growth and development of a country.1 Its impact on several other socioeconomic variables has also been documented in the literature. To quote a few examples, Butt (1984) has found that five or more years of a farmer’s education lead to increased farm productivity, reduced use of farm labour, and increased use of yie

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Dai, Qiwei, Lili Fan, and Tianli Xie. "Detection and Identification of Grape Leaf Diseases Based on Improved YOLOv5." Journal of the ASABE 68, no. 2 (2025): 257–66. https://doi.org/10.13031/ja.15635.

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HighlightsA feature pyramid network with Scaling Feature Fusion and Enhanced Expansion Feature module is constructed to overcome the shortcomings of feature pyramids for small target detection.Noise addition, cropping, and other data augmentation methods for expanding data sets.Multi-channel Denoising Feature Fusion is constructed in the detection module to solve the inconsistencies inside the feature pyramid.Combine with YOLOv5's Backbone to complete the feature anchor box selection and detection can quickly and accurately complete the grape leaf disease detection.ABSTRACT.Grape leaf diseases

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Musona, Jackson, Kaisu Puumalainen, Helena Sjögrén, and Anna Vuorio. "Sustainable Entrepreneurship at the Bottom of the Pyramid: An Identity-Based Perspective." Sustainability 13, no. 2 (2021): 812. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13020812.

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Entrepreneurial behavior research has widened its scope to focus on founders who engage in creating enterprises for both their economic self-interest and their concern for others. Yet, there is a lack of an empirically grounded understanding of the sustainable enterprise creation behavior of entrepreneurs at the bottom of the pyramid. This study contributes to sustainable entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial behavior literature streams by applying founder identity theoretical perspectives to explore and understand bottom of the pyramid entrepreneurs’ self-perceived identities in the creation o

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Zhang, Yongde, Wei Wang, Qi Liu, Zhonghua Guo, and Yangchun Ji. "Research on Defect Detection in Automated Fiber Placement Processes Based on a Multi-Scale Detector." Electronics 11, no. 22 (2022): 3757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11223757.

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Various surface defects in automated fiber placement (AFP) processes affect the forming quality of the components. In addition, defect detection usually requires manual observation with the naked eye, which leads to low production efficiency. Therefore, automatic solutions for defect recognition have high economic potential. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale AFP defect detection algorithm, named the spatial pyramid feature fusion YOLOv5 with channel attention (SPFFY-CA). The spatial pyramid feature fusion YOLOv5 (SPFFY) adopts spatial pyramid dilated convolutions (SPDCs) to fuse the feat

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Boshoff, Christo, Bruce E. Klemz, and Noxolo-Eileen Mazibuko. "Business Development in Emerging Markets: The Impact on spending behaviour of elderly caregivers of family members with HIV/AIDS in SA." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 13, no. 4 (2010): 464–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v13i4.55.

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Business development in emerging markets, known as the “base of the pyramid”, is not without financial risk and a key concern in South African communities are the costs associated with HIV/AIDS. Due to the enormous demand for healthcare, many governments have opted for home-based care systems. Caregivers are mainly older women and their financial survival is critically important. We found that as the patient’s illness progressed: 1) the cultural norm ubuntu led the caregiver to increase spending on the patient and a decreased spending on themselves and 2) the social pressure of stigma led to a

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Goyal, Sandeep, Bruno S. Sergi, and Amit Kapoor. "Significant Understanding the Key Characteristics of an Embedded Business Model for the Base of the Pyramid Markets." ECONOMICS & SOCIOLOGY 7, no. 4 (2014): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2014/7-4/2.

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Koech, Kevin Kipkemei, Christine G. Kiria Chege, and Hillary Bett. "Which Food Outlets Are Important for Nutrient-Dense-Porridge-Flour Access by the Base-of-the-Pyramid Consumers? Evidence from the Informal Kenyan Settlements." Sustainability 14, no. 19 (2022): 12264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912264.

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Many Kenyan base-of-the-pyramid (BoP) consumers—defined as the poorest two-thirds of the economic human pyramid—remain food insecure, despite the availability of nutrient-dense foods in the market. This study reveals how effective marketing strategies can strengthen food security among BoP consumers through increased access to nutritious foods such as nutrient-dense porridge flour. Nutrient-dense porridge flour refers to a multi-composite porridge flour composed of diverse nutritious ingredients that are necessary to achieve a healthy diet. The main objective of the study was to determine the

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Goyal, Sandeep, Bruno S. Sergi, and Mahadeo P. Jaiswal. "Understanding the challenges and strategic actions of social entrepreneurship at base of the pyramid." Management Decision 54, no. 2 (2016): 418–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/md-11-2014-0662.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the social entrepreneurship focussed organizations in the context of challenges faced and strategic actions adopted by them during the different stages of self-sustainable business model design and implementation. Design/methodology/approach – The empirical context involves the use of qualitative multi-case-based research methodology for data collection and analysis. The sampling involves undertaking the field study of social entrepreneurship oriented organizations, which have made the perceptible socio-economic difference in the lives of the r

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Covo Guzmán, María Alejandra, and Sonia Esperanza Monroy Varela. "Tendencias en investigación en negocios inclusivos: una revisión de literatura / Trends in Research in Inclusive Businesses: A Literature Review." Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales 7, no. 3 (2019): 165–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.37467/gka-revsocial.v7.1996.

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ABSTRACTInclusive businesses are economic activities that allow communities of base of the pyramid population to be included in the value chains of private sector companies. These businesses contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of vulnerable population in countries with high levels of poverty and marginality such as Colombia. However, there is a general lack of knowledge in the development of inclusive businesses, which affects their implementation and reduces their chances of success. Due to the above, the objective of this article is to identify shortcomings in current resear

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Arnold, Denis G. "Global Justice and International Business." Business Ethics Quarterly 23, no. 1 (2013): 125–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq20132315.

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ABSTRACT:Little theoretical attention has been paid to the question of what obligations corporations and other business enterprises have to the four billion people living at the base of the global economic pyramid. This article makes several theoretical contributions to this topic. First, it is argued that corporations are properly understood as agents of global justice. Second, the legitimacy of global governance institutions and the legitimacy of corporations and other business enterprises are distinguished. Third, it is argued that a deliberative democracy model of corporate legitimacy defe

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Sasongko, Nindyo. "‘A Caravan of Solidarity’." Exchange 44, no. 4 (2015): 381–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1572543x-12341355.

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The globalizing economy is not only offering affluence to the elite but also a form of idolatry, in which the idol is ‘the golden calf of global capitalism’. In this article I attempt to inquire a God-talk which engages the challenge of global greed and stimulates solidarity for the people who make up the base of the economic pyramid — ‘a triune economy of gift’. I propose an Asian perspective of Trinitarian economy which explicates fragility, frugality, and solidarity as divine characteristics. In so doing, I explore some ecumenical documents and four different voices from Asia which assess s

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Desa, Geoffrey, and James L. Koch. "Scaling Social Impact: Building Sustainable Social Ventures at the Base-of-the-Pyramid." Journal of Social Entrepreneurship 5, no. 2 (2014): 146–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19420676.2013.871325.

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Shivarajan, Sridevi, and Aravind Srinivasan. "The Poor as Suppliers of Intellectual Property: A Social Network Approach to Sustainable Poverty Alleviation." Business Ethics Quarterly 23, no. 3 (2013): 381–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/beq201323326.

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ABSTRACT:We extend the Base of the Pyramid (BoP) poverty-alleviation approach by recognizing the poor as valuable suppliers—specifically of intellectual property. Although the poor possess huge reserves of intellectual property, they are unable to participate in global knowledge networks owing to their illiteracy and poverty. This is a crippling form of social exclusion in today’s growing knowledge economy because it adversely affects their capabilities for advancement at several levels. Providing the poor access to global knowledge networks as rightful participants—as suppliers of intellectua

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Panagiotis, Panagiotopoulos, Mitoula Roido, Georgitsogianni Evangelia, and Theodoropoulou Eleni. "The Contribution of Sports Tourism to Sustainable Development Based on Sustainable Development Indicators – The Case of Greece." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS 05, no. 07 (2022): 1666–78. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6831168.

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Development in the sense of growth under pure economic perspective is now considered outdated and anachronistic. In recent years, if not decades, development is only meant to be sustainable. This is due to the fact that if it does not become sustainable it will soon cease to exist. In this regard, there have been attempts to measure development and sustainability mainly by the United Nations but also by many scholars. This process resulted in the construction of 50 main and 46 secondary indicators for sustainable development in 2007, which differ from the indicators that determine the percenta

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Streimikiene, Dalia, and Rizwan Raheem Ahmed. "The integration of corporate social responsibility and marketing concepts as a business strategy: evidence from SEM-based multivariate and Toda-Yamamoto causality models." Oeconomia Copernicana 12, no. 1 (2021): 125–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/oc.2021.006.

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Research background: This paper integrates the marketing and corporate social responsibility concepts by investigating how the previous studies de-bated CSR as a business strategy. This discussion extended from academics to business practices. Hence, this study investigated the concept of CSR as a business strategy in a multifactorial fashion in the marketing field. Purpose of the article: This study evaluates the modified model of CSR initiatives as business and marketing strategy and their impact on customers' buying behavior. For this purpose, we have taken dimensions of Carroll's pyr

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