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1

Turdean, Graziella L. "Design and Development of Biosensors for the Detection of Heavy Metal Toxicity." International Journal of Electrochemistry 2011 (2011): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/343125.

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Many compounds (including heavy metals, HMs) used in different fields of industry and/or agriculture act as inhibitors of enzymes, which, as consequence, are unable to bind the substrate. Even if it is not so sensitive, the method for detecting heavy metal traces using biosensors has a dynamic trend and is largely applied for improving the “life quality”, because of biosensor's sensitivity, selectivity, and simplicity. In the last years, they also become more and more a synergetic combination between biotechnology and microelectronics. Dedicated biosensors were developed for offline and online
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2

Rho, Donggee, Caitlyn Breaux, and Seunghyun Kim. "Label-Free Optical Resonator-Based Biosensors." Sensors 20, no. 20 (2020): 5901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20205901.

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The demand for biosensor technology has grown drastically over the last few decades, mainly in disease diagnosis, drug development, and environmental health and safety. Optical resonator-based biosensors have been widely exploited to achieve highly sensitive, rapid, and label-free detection of biological analytes. The advancements in microfluidic and micro/nanofabrication technologies allow them to be miniaturized and simultaneously detect various analytes in a small sample volume. By virtue of these advantages and advancements, the optical resonator-based biosensor is considered a promising p
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Schackart, Kenneth E., and Jeong-Yeol Yoon. "Machine Learning Enhances the Performance of Bioreceptor-Free Biosensors." Sensors 21, no. 16 (2021): 5519. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165519.

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Since their inception, biosensors have frequently employed simple regression models to calculate analyte composition based on the biosensor’s signal magnitude. Traditionally, bioreceptors provide excellent sensitivity and specificity to the biosensor. Increasingly, however, bioreceptor-free biosensors have been developed for a wide range of applications. Without a bioreceptor, maintaining strong specificity and a low limit of detection have become the major challenge. Machine learning (ML) has been introduced to improve the performance of these biosensors, effectively replacing the bioreceptor
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4

Gómez-Gómez, Maribel, Ángela Ruiz-Tórtola, Daniel González-Lucas, María-José Bañuls, and Jaime García-Rupérez. "New Method for Online Regeneration of Silicon-Based Nanophotonic Biosensors." Proceedings 4, no. 1 (2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-5-05741.

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The optimal development of biosensors is a costly and time-consuming task, since an enormous amount of experiments is required. Therefore, the possibility of reusing the biosensors is highly desirable. In this work, a protocol based on the use of formamide for the regeneration of nanophotonic biosensors used for oligonucleotides detection is presented. This protocol was carried out online using the microfluidic system used to drive the target samples to the nanophotonic biosensor, thus allowing the possibility of running several experiments in a row using the same biosensor.
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Aydemir, Nihan, Jenny Malmström, and Jadranka Travas-Sejdic. "Conducting polymer based electrochemical biosensors." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 12 (2016): 8264–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp06830d.

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Conducting polymer (CP)-based electrochemical biosensors have gained great attention as such biosensor platforms are easy and cost-effective to fabricate, and provide a direct electrical readout of the presence of biological analytes with high sensitivity and selectivity.
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6

Teh, Yijun, Asral Bahari Jambek, and Uda Hashim. "The latest trend in nano-bio sensor signal analysis." Sensor Review 36, no. 3 (2016): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-08-2015-0132.

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Purpose This paper aims to discuss a nanoscale biosensor and its signal analysis algorithms. Design/methodology/approach In this work, five nanoscale biosensors are reviewed, namely, silicon nanowire field-effect-transistor biosensors, polysilicon nanogap capacitive biosensors, nanotube amperometric biosensors, gold nanoparticle-based electrochemical biosensors and quantum dot-based electrochemical biosensors. Findings Each biosensor produces a different output signal depending on its electrical characteristics. Five signal analysers are studied, with most of the existing signal analyser analy
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7

Li, Chunmei, Yihan Wang, Hui Jiang, and Xuemei Wang. "Biosensors Based on Advanced Sulfur-Containing Nanomaterials." Sensors 20, no. 12 (2020): 3488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20123488.

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In recent years, sulfur-containing nanomaterials and their derivatives/composites have attracted much attention because of their important role in the field of biosensor, biolabeling, drug delivery and diagnostic imaging technology, which inspires us to compile this review. To focus on the relationships between advanced biomaterials and biosensors, this review describes the applications of various types of sulfur-containing nanomaterials in biosensors. We bring two types of sulfur-containing nanomaterials including metallic sulfide nanomaterials and sulfur-containing quantum dots, to discuss a
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8

Damborský, Pavel, Juraj Švitel, and Jaroslav Katrlík. "Optical biosensors." Essays in Biochemistry 60, no. 1 (2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20150010.

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Optical biosensors represent the most common type of biosensor. Here we provide a brief classification, a description of underlying principles of operation and their bioanalytical applications. The main focus is placed on the most widely used optical biosensors which are surface plasmon resonance (SPR)-based biosensors including SPR imaging and localized SPR. In addition, other optical biosensor systems are described, such as evanescent wave fluorescence and bioluminescent optical fibre biosensors, as well as interferometric, ellipsometric and reflectometric interference spectroscopy and surfa
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9

Ferrigno, Paul Ko. "Non-antibody protein-based biosensors." Essays in Biochemistry 60, no. 1 (2016): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/ebc20150003.

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Biosensors that depend on a physical or chemical measurement can be adversely affected by non-specific interactions. For example, a biosensor designed to measure specifically the levels of a rare analyte can give false positive results if there is even a small amount of interaction with a highly abundant but irrelevant molecule. To overcome this limitation, the biosensor community has frequently turned to antibody molecules as recognition elements because they are renowned for their exquisite specificity. Unfortunately antibodies can often fail when immobilised on inorganic surfaces, and alter
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10

Pourbasheer, Eslam, Zhila Azari, and Mohammad Reza Ganjali. "Recent Advances in Biosensors Based Nanostructure for Pharmaceutical Analysis." Current Analytical Chemistry 15, no. 2 (2019): 152–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1573411014666180319152853.

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Background: The development of novel nanostructures for pharmaceutical analysis has received great attention. Biosensors are a class of analytical techniques competent in the rapid quantification of drugs. Recently, the nanostructures have been applied for modification of biosensors. Objective: The goal of the present study is to review novel nanostructures for pharmaceutical analysis by biosensors. Method: In this review, the application of different biosensors was extensively discussed. Results: Biosensors based nanostructures are a powerful alternative to conventional analytical techniques,
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11

Lee, Woonwoo, Hyojin Kim, Yerin Kang, Youngshim Lee, and Youngdae Yoon. "A Biosensor Platform for Metal Detection Based on Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein." Sensors 19, no. 8 (2019): 1846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19081846.

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Microbial cell-based biosensors, which mostly rely on stress-responsive operons, have been widely developed to monitor environmental pollutants. Biosensors are usually more convenient and inexpensive than traditional instrumental analyses of environmental pollutants. However, the targets of biosensors are restricted by the limited number of genetic operon systems available. In this study, we demonstrated a novel strategy to overcome this limitation by engineering an enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP). It has been reported that combining two fragments of split-eGFP can form a native stru
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12

Valencia, Germán Ayala, Luci Cristina de Oliveira Vercik, and Andrés Vercik. "A new conductometric biosensor based on horseradish peroxidase immobilized on chitosan and chitosan/gold nanoparticle films." Journal of Polymer Engineering 34, no. 7 (2014): 633–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2014-0072.

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Abstract A new conductometric biosensor was developed and characterized; the biosensor was based on horseradish peroxidase that was deposited in chitosan and chitosan/AuNPs films. The biosensors were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and current-voltage curves. Current-voltage curves in biosensors showed that the electrical conductivity and bistability in biosensors can be modulated by horseradish peroxidase. Horseradish peroxidase catalyzed the reduction of H2 O2 to H2 O with the oxidation of the prosthetic group (Fe3+) in the enzyme to Fe4+=O. Conductometric signal in the biosens
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13

Liu, Yanting, and Xuming Zhang. "Microfluidics-Based Plasmonic Biosensing System Based on Patterned Plasmonic Nanostructure Arrays." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (2021): 826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070826.

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This review aims to summarize the recent advances and progress of plasmonic biosensors based on patterned plasmonic nanostructure arrays that are integrated with microfluidic chips for various biomedical detection applications. The plasmonic biosensors have made rapid progress in miniaturization sensors with greatly enhanced performance through the continuous advances in plasmon resonance techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR)-based refractive index sensing, SPR imaging (SPRi), and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). Meanwhile, microfluidic integratio
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14

Lakard, Boris. "Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Conducting Polymers: A Review." Applied Sciences 10, no. 18 (2020): 6614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10186614.

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Conducting polymers are an important class of functional materials that has been widely applied to fabricate electrochemical biosensors, because of their interesting and tunable chemical, electrical, and structural properties. Conducting polymers can also be designed through chemical grafting of functional groups, nanostructured, or associated with other functional materials such as nanoparticles to provide tremendous improvements in sensitivity, selectivity, stability and reproducibility of the biosensor’s response to a variety of bioanalytes. Such biosensors are expected to play a growing an
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15

Masurkar, Nirul, Sundeep Varma, and Leela Mohana Reddy Arava. "Supported and Suspended 2D Material-Based FET Biosensors." Electrochem 1, no. 3 (2020): 260–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electrochem1030017.

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Field Effect Transistor (FET)-based electrochemical biosensor is gaining a lot of interest due to its malleability with modern fabrication technology and the ease at which it can be integrated with modern digital electronics. To increase the sensitivity and response time of the FET-based biosensor, many semiconducting materials have been categorized, including 2 dimensional (2D) nanomaterials. These 2D materials are easy to fabricate, increase sensitivity due to the atomic layer, and are flexible for a range of biomolecule detection. Due to the atomic layer of 2D materials each device requires
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16

Camarca, Alessandra, Antonio Varriale, Alessandro Capo, et al. "Emergent Biosensing Technologies Based on Fluorescence Spectroscopy and Surface Plasmon Resonance." Sensors 21, no. 3 (2021): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030906.

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The purpose of this work is to provide an exhaustive overview of the emerging biosensor technologies for the detection of analytes of interest for food, environment, security, and health. Over the years, biosensors have acquired increasing importance in a wide range of applications due to synergistic studies of various scientific disciplines, determining their great commercial potential and revealing how nanotechnology and biotechnology can be strictly connected. In the present scenario, biosensors have increased their detection limit and sensitivity unthinkable until a few years ago. The most
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17

Angelopoulou, Michailia, Sotirios Kakabakos, and Panagiota Petrou. "Label-Free Biosensors Based onto Monolithically Integrated onto Silicon Optical Transducers." Chemosensors 6, no. 4 (2018): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors6040052.

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The article reviews the current status of label-free integrated optical biosensors focusing on the evolution over the years of their analytical performance. At first, a short introduction to the evanescent wave optics is provided followed by detailed description of the main categories of label-free optical biosensors, including sensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), grating couplers, photonic crystals, ring resonators, and interferometric transducers. For each type of biosensor, the detection principle is first provided followed by description of the different transducer configurati
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18

Karunakaran, Chandran, Murugesan Karthikeyan, Marimuthu Dhinesh Kumar, Ganesan Kaniraja, and Kalpana Bhargava. "Electrochemical Biosensors for Point of care Applications." Defence Science Journal 70, no. 5 (2020): 549–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.70.16359.

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Biosensor refers to powerful and innovative analytical tool involving biological sensing element and transducer with broad range of applications, such as diagnosis, drug discovery, biomedicine, food safety and processing, environmental monitoring, security and defense. Recent advances in the field of biotechnology, microelectronics, and nanotechnology have improved the development of biosensors. Glucometers utilizing the electrochemical determination of oxygen or hydrogen peroxide employing immobilised glucose oxidase electrode seeded the discovery and development of biosensors. Molecular reco
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19

Barchiesi, D., and S. Kessentini. "Roughness effect on the efficiency of dimer antenna based biosensor." Advanced Electromagnetics 1, no. 2 (2012): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7716/aem.v1i2.20.

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The fabrication process of nanodevices is continually improved. However, most of the nanodevices, such as biosensors present rough surfaces with mean roughness of some nanometers even if the deposition rate of material is more controlled. The effect of roughness on performance of biosensors was fully addressed for plane biosensors and gratings, but rarely addressed for biosensors based on Local Plasmon Resonance. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate numerically the influence of nanometric roughness on the efficiency of a dimer nano-biosensor (two levels of roughness are considered). Theref
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20

Ahamed, Oli, Fahad bin Mazhar, and Md Rasedujjaman. "A Review on Analytical Modeling of Bio-Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotube." Applied Mechanics and Materials 860 (December 2016): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.860.111.

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Biosensor is a device that detects any change in physical parameter of biological elements in physicochemical manner and transfers its output in electrical manner. Nanotechnology is playing an emerging role in the development of biosensors and carbon nanotube is the leading one in this developing field. Carbon nanotube has an excellent combination of mechanical, electrical and electrochemical properties that has stimulated increasing interest in the application of CNTs as component in biosensors. This paper provides a review of analytical modeling of biosensors on the basis of carbon nanotube.
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21

Christini, David J., Jeff Walden, and Jay M. Edelberg. "Direct biologically based biosensing of dynamic physiological function." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 280, no. 5 (2001): H2006—H2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2001.280.5.h2006.

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Dynamic regulation of biological systems requires real-time assessment of relevant physiological needs. Biosensors, which transduce biological actions or reactions into signals amenable to processing, are well suited for such monitoring. Typically, in vivo biosensors approximate physiological function via the measurement of surrogate signals. The alternative approach presented here would be to use biologically based biosensors for the direct measurement of physiological activity via functional integration of relevant governing inputs. We show that an implanted excitable-tissue biosensor (excit
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22

Wu, Meng Shi, Lin Tang, Guang Ming Zeng, et al. "Determination of Lignocellulase Activity and Gene Expression Using Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Biosensor." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 309–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.309.

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Many types of electrochemical biosensors employ magnetic nanoparticles which have been surface functionalized to recognize specific molecular targets. Here the paper emphatically introduced the operation principle of biosensing magnetic nanoparticles, the overall strategy for fabricating magnetic nanoparticles-based biosensor and the latest application progress in detecting lignocellulase activity and gene expression by electrochemical biosensors.
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23

Janssen, Jesslyn, Mike Lambeta, Paul White, and Ahmad Byagowi. "Carbon Nanotube-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Label-Free Protein Detection." Biosensors 9, no. 4 (2019): 144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios9040144.

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There is a growing need for biosensors that are capable of efficiently and rapidly quantifying protein biomarkers, both in the biological research and clinical setting. While accurate methods for protein quantification exist, the current assays involve sophisticated techniques, take long to administer and often require highly trained personnel for execution and analysis. Herein, we explore the development of a label-free biosensor for the detection and quantification of a standard protein. The developed biosensors comprise carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a specific antibody and cellulose filtration p
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Hao, Haitao. "Optimization Design of Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Gold Nanomaterials." Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters 12, no. 9 (2020): 1079–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/nnl.2020.3219.

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At present, chemical biosensors still have poor reproducibility and stability due to that the density of nanomaterials particles is not ideal. Therefore, an optimal design method of electrochemical biosensor based on gold nanomaterials is proposed. Two types of sensors, namely DNA biosensor and immune biosensor, were designed in this work. A DNA biosensor with gold nanorod nanocomposite modified electrode was prepared, and its electrical activity was measured by Methylene blue. In contrast, an electrochemical immune sensor with gold nanorod-modified electrode was prepared and used for detectio
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Liu, Xuemei, Kieran J. Germaine, David Ryan, and David N. Dowling. "DEVELOPMENT OF A GFP‐BASED BIOSENSOR FOR DETECTING THE BIOAVAILABILITY AND BIODEGRADATION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCBS)." JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AND LANDSCAPE MANAGEMENT 15, no. 4 (2007): 261–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16486897.2007.9636939.

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Two whole-cell biosensors were constructed to detect the in situ biodegradation of polychlorinated biphenyl by chromosomal insertion of a mini‐Tn5‐Kmr‐Pm::gfp[mut3]‐T0‐T1 construct into P. fluorescens. In vitro tests showed that the expression of the Pm promoter depended on the growth phase of the biosensors and the concentration of chemical inducers; chlorinated benzoic acid derivatives. A linear relationship between the fluorescent intensity and the log10 concentration of the inducer was observed. One biosensor (F113L::1180gfp) had the ability to degrade PCBs to relevant chlorobenzoic acid d
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26

Hasib, Mohammad Hasibul Hasan, Jannati Nabiha Nur, Conrad Rizal, and Kamrun Nahar Shushama. "Improved Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors." Condensed Matter 4, no. 2 (2019): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/condmat4020049.

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Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors based on transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDC) materials have shown improved performance in terms of sensitivity, detection accuracy (DA), and quality factor (QF) over conventional biosensors. In this paper, we propose a five-layers model containing black phosphorus (BP) and TMDC (Ag/BP/WS2) in Kretschmann configuration. Using TM-polarized light at 633 nm, we numerically demonstrate the highest sensitivity (375°/RIU), DA (0.9210), and QF (65.78 1/RIU) reported so far over similar materials. Refractive index (RI) of the coupling prism has also played
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27

Zusfahair, Zusfahair, Dian Riana Ningsih, Elok Dwi Putri Lestari, and Amin Fatoni. "Development of Urea Biosensor Based on Immobilized Urease in Chitosan Cryogel." Molekul 14, no. 1 (2019): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jm.2019.14.1.523.

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The development of biosensors using biological components has an important role in detecting the disease early because it has good selectivity and accuracy. In this study, a biosensor which made is a urea biosensor, based on immobilization urease in chitosan using adsorption techniques, to measure urea levels by colorimetric analysis with bromothymol blue (BTB) as an indicator. The purpose of this study was to find out how to measure urea levels using biosensors based on urease immobilization in chitosan and find out the biosensor performance including optimum enzymatic reaction time, linearit
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Zhang, Lili, Jian Liu, Zhenling Fu, and Liguo Qi. "A Wearable Biosensor Based on Bienzyme Gel-Membrane for Sweat Lactate Monitoring by Mounting on Eyeglasses." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 20, no. 3 (2020): 1495–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2020.16952.

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A new enzymatic biosensor worn on eyeglasses has been developed for low-noise and noninvasive determination of lactate in human sweat during physical exercise. The Os (osmium)-complex, the electron mediator between the enzyme and the electrode, was first immobilized on a flexibly printed carbon electrode. Then, a gel membrane with the stereoscopic reticular structure of lactate oxidase and horseradish peroxidase was casted on the electrode to form the biosensor. Linearity of the biosensor was observed for up to 25 mM lactate in a phosphate buffered solution of pH 7.0. Chemical selectivity was
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29

Cavalcante, Francisco T. T., Italo R. de A. Falcão, José E. da S. Souza, et al. "Designing of Nanomaterials-Based Enzymatic Biosensors: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications." Electrochem 2, no. 1 (2021): 149–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electrochem2010012.

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Among the many biological entities employed in the development of biosensors, enzymes have attracted the most attention. Nanotechnology has been fostering excellent prospects in the development of enzymatic biosensors, since enzyme immobilization onto conductive nanostructures can improve characteristics that are crucial in biosensor transduction, such as surface-to-volume ratio, signal response, selectivity, sensitivity, conductivity, and biocatalytic activity, among others. These and other advantages of nanomaterial-based enzymatic biosensors are discussed in this work via the compilation of
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30

Edelberg, Jay M., Jason T. Jacobson, David S. Gidseg, Lilong Tang, and David J. Christini. "Enhanced myocyte-based biosensing of the blood-borne signals regulating chronotropy." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 2 (2002): 581–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00672.2001.

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Biosensors play a critical role in the real-time determination of relevant functional physiological needs. However, typical in vivo biosensors only approximate endogenous function via the measurement of surrogate signals and, therefore, may often lack a high degree of dynamic fidelity with physiological requirements. To overcome this limitation, we have developed an excitable tissue-based implantable biosensor approach, which exploits the inherent electropotential input-output relationship of cardiac myocytes to measure the physiological regulatory inputs of chronotropic demand via the detecti
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31

Morgan, Mark T., Gi Young Kim, Daniel Ess, Aparna Kothapalli, Byoung Kwon Hahm, and Arun Bhunia. "Binding Inhibition Assay Using Fiber-Optic Based Biosensor for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 1145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.1145.

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Frequent outbreaks of foodborne illness have been increasing the need for simple, rapid and sensitive methods to detect foodborne pathogens. Conventional methods for pathogen detection and identification are labor-intensive and take days to complete. Some immunological rapid assays are developed, but these assays still require prolonged enrichment steps. Biosensors have shown great potential for the rapid detection of foodborne pathogens. Among the biosensors, fiber-optic methods have much potential because they can be very sensitive and simple to operate. Fiber-optic biosensors typically use
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32

Galandová, Júlia, and Ján Labuda. "Polymer interfaces used in electrochemical DNA-based biosensors." Chemical Papers 63, no. 1 (2009): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11696-008-0083-2.

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AbstractNowadays DNA-based biosensors represent powerful tools for the study of DNA sequence, DNA chemical interactions and damage. Among them, biosensors with an electrochemical signal transducer play the most important role. The performance of a biosensor strongly depends on the method of a biorecognition element being attached to the electrode. This review refers to polymer materials being used to create a DNA-electrode interface. The main terminology is given in Introduction followed by a description of polymers and polymer-based nanocomposites and their electrochemical properties. A compr
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Damiati, Samar, and Bernhard Schuster. "Electrochemical Biosensors Based on S-Layer Proteins." Sensors 20, no. 6 (2020): 1721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20061721.

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Designing and development of electrochemical biosensors enable molecule sensing and quantification of biochemical compositions with multitudinous benefits such as monitoring, detection, and feedback for medical and biotechnological applications. Integrating bioinspired materials and electrochemical techniques promote specific, rapid, sensitive, and inexpensive biosensing platforms for (e.g., point-of-care testing). The selection of biomaterials to decorate a biosensor surface is a critical issue as it strongly affects selectivity and sensitivity. In this context, smart biomaterials with the in
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34

Nunes, João C. F., Raquel O. Cristóvão, Valéria C. Santos-Ebinuma, et al. "L-Asparaginase-Based Biosensors." Encyclopedia 1, no. 3 (2021): 848–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia1030065.

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L-asparaginase (ASNase) is an aminohydrolase enzyme widely used in the pharmaceutical and food industries. Although currently its main applications are focused on the treatment of lymphoproliferative disorders such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acrylamide reduction in starch-rich foods cooked at temperatures above 100 °C, its use as a biosensor in the detection and monitoring of L-asparagine levels is of high relevance. ASNase-based biosensors are a promising and innovative technology, mostly based on colorimetric detection since the mechanism of action of ASNase is the catalysis o
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Silva. "Impedimetric Lectin-Based Biosensors for Cancer O-glycobiomarkers." Proceedings 42, no. 1 (2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsa-6-06591.

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This work gathers and presents three lectin-based impedimetric biosensors for the selective detection of specific aberrant cancer-associated O-glycans, namely STn, Tn and T antigens. These truncated glycans are well-established pan-carcinoma biomarkers that are synthesized by tumour cells during protein glycosylation. Glycoproteins carrying these aberrant glycans are then secreted into the blood stream, where they can be detected as cancer biomarkers. Detection of aberrant O-glycoproteins in serum can be successfully performed by using lectin biosensors, as lectins show high selectivity toward
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36

Tang, Longteng, Shuce Zhang, Yufeng Zhao, et al. "Switching between Ultrafast Pathways Enables a Green-Red Emission Ratiometric Fluorescent-Protein-Based Ca2+ Biosensor." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (2021): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010445.

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Ratiometric indicators with long emission wavelengths are highly preferred in modern bioimaging and life sciences. Herein, we elucidated the working mechanism of a standalone red fluorescent protein (FP)-based Ca2+ biosensor, REX-GECO1, using a series of spectroscopic and computational methods. Upon 480 nm photoexcitation, the Ca2+-free biosensor chromophore becomes trapped in an excited dark state. Binding with Ca2+ switches the route to ultrafast excited-state proton transfer through a short hydrogen bond to an adjacent Glu80 residue, which is key for the biosensor’s functionality. Inspired
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Bhatt, Geeta, and Shantanu Bhattacharya. "Biosensors on chip: A critical review from an aspect of micro/nanoscales." Journal of Micromanufacturing 2, no. 2 (2019): 198–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516598419847913.

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Biosensors are a very well cherished research topic and have found an inseparable status from clinical diagnostics in specific and society at large. As the name suggests, biosensors or biological sensors are devices which detect the presence of biological entities or their constituents and derivatives. The field started decades ago and has matured quite well since its inception. The most important performance factors that are associated with biosensors are sensitivity, specificity, and limit of detection. The remaining efforts of the biosensor research domain focus on miniaturization aspects o
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Mehrani, Mohammad, Iman Attarzadeh, and Mehdi Hosseinzadeh. "Deep-learning based forecasting sampling frequency of biosensors in wireless body area networks." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 3 (2020): 3195–227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-191622.

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Wireless Body Area Networks (WBANs) have been introduced as a useful way in controlling health status of the monitored patients, during recent years. Each WBAN includes a number of biosensors attached to the patient’s body, collecting his vital sign features and communicating them to the coordinator to make appropriate decisions. Managing energy consumption of biosensors and continuous monitoring of the patients are two main issues in WBANs. Hence, denoting efficient sampling frequency of biosensors is very important in WBANs. In this paper, we propose a scheme which aims at determining and fo
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Hlavatá, Lenka, Vlastimil Vyskočil, Katarína Beníková, Monika Borbélyová, and Ján Labuda. "DNA-based biosensors with external Nafion and chitosan membranes for the evaluation of the antioxidant activity of beer, coffee, and tea." Open Chemistry 12, no. 5 (2014): 604–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-014-0516-4.

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AbstractNovel electrochemical DNA-based biosensors with outer-sphere Nafion and chitosan protective membranes were prepared for the evaluation of antioxidant properties of beverages (beer, coffee, and black tea) against prooxidant hydroxyl radicals. A carbon working electrode of a screen-printed three-electrode assembly was modified using a layer-by-layer deposition technique with low molecular weight double-stranded DNA and a Nafion or chitosan film. The membrane-covered DNA biosensors were initially tested with respect to their voltammetric and impedimetric response after the incubation of t
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Schachinger, Franziska, Hucheng Chang, Stefan Scheiblbrandner, and Roland Ludwig. "Amperometric Biosensors Based on Direct Electron Transfer Enzymes." Molecules 26, no. 15 (2021): 4525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26154525.

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The accurate determination of analyte concentrations with selective, fast, and robust methods is the key for process control, product analysis, environmental compliance, and medical applications. Enzyme-based biosensors meet these requirements to a high degree and can be operated with simple, cost efficient, and easy to use devices. This review focuses on enzymes capable of direct electron transfer (DET) to electrodes and also the electrode materials which can enable or enhance the DET type bioelectrocatalysis. It presents amperometric biosensors for the quantification of important medical, te
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Nikoleli, Georgia-Paraskevi, Christina G. Siontorou, Marianna-Thalia Nikolelis, Spyridoula Bratakou, and Dimitrios K. Bendos. "Recent Lipid Membrane-Based Biosensing Platforms." Applied Sciences 9, no. 9 (2019): 1745. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9091745.

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The investigation of lipid films for the construction of biosensors has recently given the opportunity to manufacture devices to selectively detect a wide range of food toxicants, environmental pollutants, and compounds of clinical interest. Biosensor miniaturization using nanotechnological tools has provided novel routes to immobilize various “receptors” within the lipid film. This chapter reviews and exploits platforms in biosensors based on lipid membrane technology that are used in food, environmental, and clinical chemistry to detect various toxicants. Examples of applications are describ
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Kim, Ji Hyun, Seong Jun Park, Jin-Woo Han, and Jae-Hyuk Ahn. "Surface Potential-Controlled Oscillation in FET-Based Biosensors." Sensors 21, no. 6 (2021): 1939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21061939.

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Field-effect transistor (FET)-based biosensors have garnered significant attention for their label-free electrical detection of charged biomolecules. Whereas conventional output parameters such as threshold voltage and channel current have been widely used for the detection and quantitation of analytes of interest, they require bulky instruments and specialized readout circuits, which often limit point-of-care testing applications. In this study, we demonstrate a simple conversion method that transforms the surface potential into an oscillating signal as an output of the FET-based biosensor. T
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Monošík, Rastislav, Miroslav Streďanský, Gabriel Greif, and Ernest Šturdík. "Comparison of biosensors based on gold and nanocomposite electrodes for monitoring of malic acid in wine." Open Chemistry 10, no. 1 (2012): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0118-3.

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AbstractAmperometric biosensors based on a gold planar electrode and on two types of nanocomposite electrodes consisting of multi-walled carbon nanotubes for the determination of L-malic acid designed for wine-makers were developed. The biosensors designed for wine-makers were constructed by immobilization of L-malate dehydrogenase and diaphorase within chitosan layers on the surface of the electrodes. The coenzyme NAD+ and the electrochemical mediator ferricyanide were present in the measuring solution. The current resulting from re-oxidation of produced ferrocyanide was measured at a working
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Bravo, Iria, Cristina Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Tania García-Mendiola, Mónica Revenga-Parra, Félix Pariente, and Encarnación Lorenzo. "Enhanced Performance of Reagent-Less Carbon Nanodots Based Enzyme Electrochemical Biosensors." Sensors 19, no. 24 (2019): 5576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19245576.

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This work reports on the advantages of using carbon nanodots (CNDs) in the development of reagent-less oxidoreductase-based biosensors. Biosensor responses are based on the detection of H2O2, generated in the enzymatic reaction, at 0.4 V. A simple and fast method, consisting of direct adsorption of the bioconjugate, formed by mixing lactate oxidase, glucose oxidase, or uricase with CNDs, is employed to develop the nanostructured biosensors. Peripherical amide groups enriched CNDs are prepared from ethyleneglycol bis-(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminome
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Al-Ahmed, Amir, Haitham M. Bahaidarah, and Mohammad A. Jafar Mazumder. "Biomedical Perspectives of Polyaniline Based Biosensors." Advanced Materials Research 810 (September 2013): 173–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.810.173.

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Electrically conducting polymers (ECPs) are finding applications in various fields of science owing to their fascinating characteristic properties such as binding molecules, tuning their properties, direct communication to produce a range of analytical signals and new analytical applications. Polyaniline (PANI) is one such ECP that has been extensively used and investigated over the last decade for direct electron transfer leading towards fabrication of mediator-less biosensors. In this review article, significant attention has been paid to the various polymerization techniques of polyaniline
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Yu, Lu, and Na Li. "Noble Metal Nanoparticles-Based Colorimetric Biosensor for Visual Quantification: A Mini Review." Chemosensors 7, no. 4 (2019): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors7040053.

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Nobel metal can be used to form a category of nanoparticles, termed noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs), which are inert (resistant to oxidation/corrosion) and have unique physical and optical properties. NMNPs, particularly gold and silver nanoparticles (AuNPs and AgNPs), are highly accurate and sensitive visual biosensors for the analytical detection of a wide range of inorganic and organic compounds. The interaction between noble metal nanoparticles (NMNPs) and inorganic/organic molecules produces colorimetric shifts that enable the accurate and sensitive detection of toxins, heavy metal ions
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Wang, Xingya, and Guangchang Pang. "Amplification systems of weak interaction biosensors: applications and prospects." Sensor Review 35, no. 1 (2015): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-03-2014-629.

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Purpose – This paper aims to provide a detailed review of weak interaction biosensors and several common biosensor methods for magnifying signals, as well as judiciously guide readers through selecting an appropriate detecting system and signal amplification method according to their research and application purpose. Design/methodology/approach – This paper classifies the weak interactions between biomolecules, summarizes the common signal amplification methods used in biosensor design and compares the performance of different kinds of biosensors. It highlights a potential electrochemical sign
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Stasyuk, Nataliya Ye, Oleh V. Smutok, Andriy E. Zakalskiy, Oksana M. Zakalska, and Mykhailo V. Gonchar. "Methylamine-Sensitive Amperometric Biosensor Based on (His)6-TaggedHansenula polymorphaMethylamine Oxidase Immobilized on the Gold Nanoparticles." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/480498.

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A novel methylamine-selective amperometric bienzyme biosensor based on recombinant primary amine oxidase isolated from the recombinant yeast strainSaccharomyces cerevisiaeand commercial horseradish peroxidase is described. Two amine oxidase preparations were used: free enzyme (AMO) and covalently immobilized on the surface of gold nanoparticles (AMO-nAu). Some bioanalytical parameters (sensitivity, selectivity, and storage stability) of the developed biosensors were investigated. The sensitivity for both sensors is high:1450 ± 113and700 ± 30 A−1·M−1·m−2for AMO-nAu biosensor, respectively. The
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Seitz, Kati, and Patrick J. Krysan. "Expanding the Toolkit of Fluorescent Biosensors for Studying Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases in Plants." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 15 (2020): 5350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21155350.

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Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are key regulators of numerous biological processes in plants. To better understand the mechanisms by which these kinases function, high resolution measurement of MAPK activation kinetics in different biological contexts would be beneficial. One method to measure MAPK activation in plants is via fluorescence-based genetically-encoded biosensors, which can provide real-time readouts of the temporal and spatial dynamics of kinase activation in living tissue. Although fluorescent biosensors have been widely used to study MAPK dynamics in animal cells, the
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Chou, Jung-Chuan, Cian-Yi Wu, Si-Hong Lin, et al. "The Analysis of the Urea Biosensors Using Different Sensing Matrices via Wireless Measurement System & Microfluidic Measurement System." Sensors 19, no. 13 (2019): 3004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19133004.

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Two types of urea biosensors were integrated with a wireless measurement system and microfluidic measurement system. The two biosensors used were (i) a magnetic beads (MBs)-urease/graphene oxide (GO)/titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based biosensor and (ii) an MBs-urease/GO/ nickel oxide (NiO)-based biosensor, respectively. The wireless measurement system work exhibited the feasibility for the remote detection of urea, but it will require refinement and modification to improve stability and precision. The microchannel fluidic system showed the measurement reliability. The sensing properties of urea bio
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