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1
Elliott, Dorice Williams. "The Female Visitor and the Marriage of Classes in Gaskell's North and South." Nineteenth-Century Literature 49, no. 1 (1994): 21–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2934043.
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This essay considers Elizabeth Gaskell's 1855 novel about labor relations in the context of mid-century discussions of the female philanthropic visitor to the poor. By reclaiming the traditional mediating role of women's philanthropy in an environment where relations between the classes are based exclusively on the "cash nexus," Gaskell's novel represents a new social sphere that includes but is more than the domestic sphere of marriage, home, and children. Gaskell's woman visitor, however, has to contend with male professionals, especially clergymen, for access to and control of social space. Rejecting the South's social paternalism as nostalgic, Gaskell substitutes a new but still familial metaphor for class relations: in place of the parent-child metaphor, she offers marriage. Despite the fact that the novel's marriage plot functions as a model for class relations that requires the intervention of women philanthropists, however, the use of the marital metaphor still leaves both women philanthropists and the poor in a dependent and vulnerable position.
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Atiyat, Reem. "Into the Darkest Corner: The Importance of Addressing Factor-Based Particularity in Relation to Domestic Violence Experiences in Post-Modern Literary Theory." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 9, no. 1 (2020): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.9n.1p.30.
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This paper investigates how a survivor of a violent marital relationship could awaken and take positive counteraction against her oppressive husband, rather than remaining entrapped in a state of ‘learned helplessness’. The central contribution of this paper lies in highlighting particularity rather than sameness when investigating how oppression and male domination could function as factors that trigger positive counteraction and lead to the liberation of the silenced protagonist in Elizabeth Haynes’ novel Into the Darkest Corner. The model highlighted for the purpose of examination is Catherine, the protagonist of Elizabeth Haynes’ novel Into the Darkest Corner. The paper mainly focuses on addressing two questions ‘What are the protagonist’s violence experiences?’ and ‘What are the factors that served to reinforce and prolong the protagonist’s oppressive marriage?’. The struggle of the protagonist to put an end to her abusive marriage, and how she managed to overpower her post-traumatic stress disorder experience constitute the focal point of this paper, and are explored from a feminist psychoanalytical perspective, a task that has not been addressed in the available literature on domestic violence in relation to feminist and psychoanalytic criticism up to date. In order to investigate these aspects in the novel, this paper draws on the views of post-modern feminist literary theory. This literary approach is crucial to highlighting the gender-based inequality imposed on the protagonist by her abusive husband throughout the novel. The analytical approach followed in this paper is that of thematic analysis. The paper mainly highlights the recurrent themes of physical violence and post-traumatic stress disorder. Then, the paper examines the content of the novel to support the argument about the association between post-traumatic stress disorder and liberation. Thus, three main issues are addressed: Domestic violence types and definitions, feminist theoretical views in relation to male domination, and notions of post-traumatic stress disorder in relation to liberation in feminist post-modern literary criticism. The main argument in this paper is that post-traumatic stress disorder is not an introductory psychological phase that paves the way for learned helplessness. Rather, it is a state imposed by male domination and control that could be challenged, controlled and directed to lead to liberation from male authority and oppression with the availability of proper assistance.
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Silveira, Patrícia P., Irina Pokhvisneva, Carine Parent, et al. "Cumulative prenatal exposure to adversity reveals associations with a broad range of neurodevelopmental outcomes that are moderated by a novel, biologically informed polygenetic score based on the serotonin transporter solute carrier family C6, member 4 (SLC6A4) gene expression." Development and Psychopathology 29, no. 5 (2017): 1601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954579417001262.
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AbstractWhile many studies focus on the association between early life adversity and the later risk for psychopathology, few simultaneously explore diverse forms of environmental adversity. Moreover, those studies that examined the cumulative impact of early life adversity focus uniquely on postnatal influences. The objective of this study was to focus on the fetal period of development to construct and validate a cumulative prenatal adversity score in relation to a wide range of neurodevelopmental outcomes. We also examined the interaction of this adversity score with a biologically informed genetic score based on the serotonin transporter gene. Prenatal adversities were computed in two community birth cohorts using information on health during pregnancy, birth weight, gestational age, income, domestic violence/sexual abuse, marital strain, as well as maternal smoking, anxiety, and depression. A genetic score based on genes coexpressed with the serotonin transporter in the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex during prenatal life was constructed with an emphasis on functionally relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms, that is, expression quantitative trait loci. Prenatal adversities predicted a wide range of developmental and behavioral alterations in children as young as 2 years of age in both cohorts. There were interactions between the genetic score and adversities for several domains of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), with pervasive developmental problems remaining significant adjustment for multiple comparisons. Scores combining different prenatal adverse exposures predict childhood behavior and interact with the genetic background to influence the risk for psychopathology.
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Dragisic-Labas, Sladjana. "Application of dyadic adjustment scale in the systemic family therapy for alcoholism." Sociologija 50, no. 3 (2008): 293–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0803293d.
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Conceptions about marriage with alcoholic relations (based on empirical and clinical research by domestic and foreign authors) are presented in the introductory part of the paper, followed by evaluations of marital (family) therapies and conclusions about its importance in treating alcoholism. The study has included 200 marital couples (husband-alcoholic) on therapy in three psychiatric institutions from Belgrade. Dyadic Adjustment Scale test has been applied, measuring (in three time points - on the beginning, in six months, and after one year of therapy) marital couple cohesion, satisfaction (with marital relations), emotional expression and consensus. The results show the existence of firm alcoholic marital system at the beginning of the treatment, with low consensus and high satisfaction, which has been deconstructing and changing over time and forming more functional (healthier) marital relationship. Couples (17) that self-excluded from the therapy in first two months have been compared with the sample of couples, which successfully completed the treatment. Differences (lower score on DAS) have been noted from the beginning - weaker marital dyad, in comparison to couples that completed the treatment. The results showed that system family (marital) therapy had influenced significant changes in marital relations - higher consensus, stronger emotional expression and cohesion, as well as satisfaction with non-alcoholic marital relations during one-year treatment.
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KULIK, LIAT. "Marital relations in late adulthood, throughout the retirement process." Ageing and Society 21, no. 4 (2001): 447–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x01008273.
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The study investigated marital relations among a sample of 569 Israeli participants at three stages of late adulthood: remote pre-retirement (seven to ten years prior to retirement), near-retirement (up to two years prior to retirement), and post-retirement (up to two years after retirement). The following variables were examined: spousal resources, marital power relations, quality of marriage, and division of household tasks. The study attempted to determine whether there were differences in marital relations during the three life stages, and whether those differences were evident for men and women. The findings reveal that for both men and women, marital relations were more intensive in remote pre-retirement than in the two subsequent stages. In addition, division of feminine household tasks was found to be more egalitarian at later stages of marital life. However, similarities were revealed in most aspects of power relations as well as in spousal resources and performance of masculine household tasks during the three life stages examined. Several gender-based differences were also noted in all three stages. Specifically, the men tended to report an advantage in financial and social resources, as well as in emotional hardiness. With respect to power relations, the men also showed a greater tendency to make major decisions, whereas the women tended to make minor decisions and contributed more toward strengthening the family.
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Moradi, Sara, Asghar Aghaei, and Mohsen Golparvar. "Effectiveness of Training Based on Healthy Human Theory and Emotion-Focused Therapy in Marital Happiness." Caspian Journal of Health Research 6, no. 3 (2021): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/cjhr.6.3.6.
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Background: Psychological factors affect marital conflict and happiness; in other words, they strengthen and shape marital relations. The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training based on Healthy Human Theory (HHT) and Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) in marital happiness of couples living in Isfahan City, Iran. Materials & Methods: This research has a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population included all couples referring to mental health centers in Isfahan in 2020. The study sample consisted of 39 couples selected by the convenience sampling method. The participants were randomly divided into two experimental groups (training based on HHT and EFT) and control group (n=13 couples per group). The research instrument included the marital satisfaction scale. Follow-up was performed after 90 days. Repeated-measures ANOVA in SPSS software was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that training based on HHT significantly affected marital happiness compared to EFT and control group (P=0.001). The Mean±SD of the posttest scores of marital happiness in the HHT-based training, EFT, and control groups were 97.92±1.54, 87.50±5.56, and 75.38±8.71, respectively. There was no significant difference between the effects of HHT-based training and EFT on happiness in couples. Conclusion: Based on the results, the HHT-based training and EFT are appropriate methods for improving marital happiness.
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Chen-Charpentier, Benito, Clara Garza-Hume, and María Jorge. "A Continuous Model of Marital Relations with Stochastic Differential Equations." Mathematical and Computational Applications 26, no. 1 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mca26010003.
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Marital relations depend on many factors which can increase the amount of satisfaction or unhappiness in the relation. A large percentage of marriages end up in divorce. While there are many studies about the causes of divorce and how to prevent it, there are very few mathematical models dealing with marital relations. In this paper, we present a continuous model based on the ideas presented by Gottman and coauthors. We show that the type of influence functions that describe the interaction between husband and wife is critical in determining the outcome of a marriage. We also introduce stochasticity into the model to account for the many factors that affect the marriage and that are not easily quantified, such as economic climate, work stress, and family relations. We show that these factors are able to change the equilibrium state of the couple.
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Yi, Chin-Chun, Wen-Hsu Lin, and Josef Kuo-Hsun Ma. "Marital Satisfaction Among Taiwanese Young Married Couples: The Effects of Resources and Traditional Norms." Journal of Family Issues 40, no. 14 (2019): 2015–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0192513x19863212.
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This study aims to illustrate the importance of cultural norms for marital satisfaction among young married Taiwanese couples. Data are taken from the Taiwan Youth Project, a longitudinal panel since the year of 2000, with 401 married couple data completed in 2015. Based on the resource theory and contextual cultural perspectives, results confirm that both resources and cultural factors produce significant effects on young couple’s marital satisfaction. As proposed, cultural norms have greater impact on wife’s marital satisfaction. The patrilocal coresidence between generations is especially harmful for wives with full-time job, while negative in-law relations reported by husbands produce more powerful negative influence on the couples. However, gender of the child does not attain expected significance. Findings suggest that both continuity and change of family dynamics is occurring in Taiwan. Future studies need to consider both cultural norms and individual resources in analyzing marital relations in changing East Asian societies.
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VYAZOVOVA, NATALIA V., and MARIYA S. KAMITSYNA. "DYNAMICS OF MARRIAGE SATISFACTION IN FAMILIES WITH DIFFERENT FAMILY LIFE EXPERIENCE." Psychological-Pedagogical Journal GAUDEAMUS 21, no. 1 (2022): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-231x-2022-21-1-56-65.
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The result of a theoretical and empirical study shows the influence of family life experience, role expectations and claims in marriage on the dynamics of marriage satisfaction. Marriage satisfaction is an evaluative reflexive attitude of the couple to the developed in the family relationships and role positions. Marital relations expressed in marriage satisfaction are also considered as a special type of subjective and personal interaction between husband and wife, regulated by moral principles and formed in accordance with the values generalized in the image of the family, which usually contains a person's past experience, ideas about marital roles based on the experience of the role functioning of the parent family. The factors and conditions affecting the satisfaction of spouses with marital relations and signs of disharmony of marital relations leading to dissatisfaction with marriage are analyzed. Marriage satisfaction depends on the consistency of role expectations and claims of a couple, family life experience. The results of the study were analyzed for each married couple separately for the purpose of subsequent family counseling and by groups, taking into account the marriage period. The research studies relationship between the attitude to the couple functions, education level and employment.
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Islami, Hatixhe. "MARITAL CONFLICTS RESOLUTION STYLES." CBU International Conference Proceedings 4 (September 17, 2016): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.815.
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Conflict as a social phenomenon has an important role in our lives, which is why it is so important to understand this phenomenon. That involves recognizing the mechanisms of emergence, development, methods of study and their resolution. The practice of social work and previous treatments with spouses shows that the marital relationship as an interpersonal relationship represents the specific basis for the emergence of conflicts. The obtained results are part of a study on the characteristics of marital relations and their influence on the choice of the spouses’ patterns of behavior during conflict situations. The results suggest that the choice of different strategies of behavior in a situation of conflict among our respondents mainly depends on: the degree of insistence in fulfillment of personal interests, and the level of cooperation in addressing the interests of others. As a dominant style in marital conflict resolution our respondents use the avoiding style. During the study, gender differences between spouses, how they perceive, understand, and resolve marriage conflicts were found. Women are more critical toward their abilities to resolve conflict. In such situations they often use negative behavior, compared to men who are more likely to deny or avoid situations of conflict. Marriages where violence in involved are mainly based in destructive patterns of behavior in marital conflict resolution.
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Luchkovsky, V. V. "To the question of the peculiarities of the protection of the rights of persons who are in a de facto marital relationship in judicial practice." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 64 (August 14, 2021): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.64.26.
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In the scientific article the author conducted a scientific study of the features of protection of property and per-sonal rights of persons who are in actual marital relations in the judicial practice of Ukraine. Based on the above research, the author notes that most often the appeal to the court to establish the legal fact of living in the same fam-ily of a woman and a man without marriage, is to inherit one of the de facto spouses or to establish joint ownership of jointly acquired property. . In general, the jurisprudence to establish the legal fact of living with one family of a woman and a man without marriage is ambiguous. This ambiguity concerns primarily the following issues:1) terminology used to denote the actual marital relationship (they are in judicial practice called «actual marital relationship», «actual marriage», «actual relationship», «living with one family of a man and a woman without marriage», «staying in actual marital relations and living with one family ”,“ actual marital relations ”,“ living with one family in actual marital relations ”,“ living with one family ”, etc.);2) a list of circumstances that clearly indicate the existence of a de facto marital relationship. In particular, some courts include the registration of both de facto spouses in the apartment (however, as evidenced by the Supreme Court ruling of 10 October 2019 in case 48 748/897/18 residence of a man and a woman at the same address, which is related to the division of property after divorce and the absence of another place of residence, does not indicate a family relationship between them), joint presence on holidays and transfer of funds (however, this is denied by the Supreme Court ruling of 15 August 2019 in case № 588/350/15), the fact of periodic joint recreation (which is denied by the decision of the Supreme Court of February 27, 2019 in case № 522/25049/16-ts).
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Akram, Zainab, and Saima Yousaf Khan. "Tracing the Determinants of Marital Quality in Pakistani Society through the Lens of How It Happened." Global Language Review V, no. II (2020): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2020(v-ii).12.
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The quality of the marriage is assessed by many determinants. Based upon a large number of subjects and determines on the marital quality evaluation, this research explores the factors which are fundamental in maintaining marital quality in the novel How It Happened by Haider (2013). The marital quality in this paper is measured through five dimensions, comprising satisfaction, communication, togetherness, problems and disagreements (Allendorf & Ghimire 2012). Gender, education, spouse choice and marital length arise as the most important determinants of these dimensions of marital quality. The data for the research comprises of the text of How It Happened. The marriage determinants are identified through exploratory factor analysis. The research shows that issues like gender, more schooling, contribution in the choice of one's spouse and being married longer do not basically donate in advanced levels of marital quality. However, while the key determinants of marital quality in this regard are analyzed, the main distinction in marital quality, whether it exists through arranged or love marriages remains inexplicable.
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Zheng, Jiao, and Zhengyu Yu. "A Novel Machine Learning-Based Systolic Blood Pressure Predicting Model." Journal of Nanomaterials 2021 (June 7, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9934998.
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Blood pressure (BP) is a vital biomedical feature for diagnosing hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Traditionally, it is measured by cuff-based equipment, e.g., sphygmomanometer; the measurement is discontinued and uncomfortable. A cuff-less method based on different signals, electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmography (PPG), is proposed recently. However, this method is costly and inconvenient due to the collections of multisensors. In this paper, a novel machine learning-based systolic blood pressure (SBP) predicting model is proposed. The model was evaluated by clinical and lifestyle features (gender, marital status, smoking status, age, weight, etc.). Different machine learning algorithms and different percentage of training, validation, and testing were evaluated to optimize the model accuracy. Results were validated to increase the accuracy and robustness of the model. The performance of our model met both the level of grade A (British Hypertension Society (BHS) standard) and the American National Standard from the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) for SBP estimation.
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Kubinjec, Janko. "Marriage." Glasnik Advokatske komore Vojvodine 78, no. 9 (2006): 59–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gakv0602059k.
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Marriage is the only legal concept related to persons regulated by the civil law, since the civil law deals primarily with objects. Historically, marriage developed from the most personal type of slavery to marriage understood as freedom. By entering into the marital agreement the spouses abolish their own legal entity and all legal relations based on marriage as such. Spouses' legal entity will be reestablished at the time of termination of marriage. At the time of entering into marriage the spouses eliminate the possibility of internal legal relationship, while on the other hand, the new, specific legal relationship will be established when their children are born. The property relations are considered as a transition from marital to civil law.
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Ziqiang Xin, Liping Chi, and Guoliang Yu. "The relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents’ affective well-being: Mediation of cognitive appraisals and moderation of peer status." International Journal of Behavioral Development 33, no. 5 (2009): 421–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0165025409338442.
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This study examined the mediation effect of cognitive appraisals and the moderation role of peer status in the association between interparental conflict and adolescents’ affective well-being based on a sample of 549 Chinese adolescents from 7th to 12th grades. Interparental conflict properties, adolescents’ cognitive appraisals of conflict, affective well-being, and peer status were measured through scales and peer nomination surveys. The results of structure equation modeling showed that: cognitive appraisals totally mediated the association between marital conflict and adolescents’ affective well-being; peer status moderated the effect of marital conflict on adolescents’ positive affect but not on negative affect; and the relationship between marital conflict and positive affect showed different patterns for adolescents of different social status. Therefore, to better understand affective well-being of adolescents from high marital conflict families, their cognitive appraisals of conflict and peer relations should be taken into account.
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Pinkovetskaia, Iuliia S., Olga A. Danilova, Anton V. Lebedev, and Aleksandr A. Somkin. "Peculiarities of the Contemporary Family: Relationships Model in Russia and in the World." Cuadernos de Rusística Española 16 (December 30, 2020): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/cre.v16i0.14094.
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Modern society is currently undergoing the stage of transition. Such a change has an impact on all social institutions, including the family and family-marital relations. People are becoming increasingly liberated and independent. This affects marital relations, which are currently being built according to new paradigms associated with greater responsibility for oneself and less for the partner. All these are new phenomena of our social reality, requiring a new understanding and development of new social practice. To validly disclose the features of the modern model of family relations, we will build our considerations in line with evolutionary, functional, empirical and interactionist approaches, based on the assertion that the family is, first of all, a small social group, where each partner has their own, often opposing, interests, and which at the same time acts as an integral social system.
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Ghahjavarestani, A. M., M. Badia, and J. M. S. Gavaldà. "Study of Marital Satisfaction in Autistic Families." Autism and Developmental Disorders 18, no. 2 (2020): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/autdd.2020180204.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the quality of marital relations and family performance in parents of children with autism in 110 different questions. In this test, the coefficient was examined on 10 scales in 8 items. 51 families with at least one child with autism in Iran was tested. To assess the quality of marital relationships, marital adjustment, and family functioning, all parents completed the AMSS (Afrooz Marital Satisfaction Scale) questionnaire. The study, which looked at families' satisfaction with autism, found that there was a significant relationship between the quality of marital relationships and mental health in families with children with autism, based on all our hypotheses. This study and other similar studies show that families need ongoing programs. These programs include identifying, finding solutions, and providing direct advice to families. In this program, we will see a reduction in stress and conflict among families with autism, a correct and thoughtful approach to family members, and people with autism. This program should be done in groups and separately in autism centers and other psychological and counseling offices.
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Gu, Yi, and Guang Ming Zhang. "A Novel Legal Expert Based on Dynamic Fuzzy System in Manipulating Property Division upon Divorce." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 1114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.1114.
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Legal expert system is an important research topic both in law research and computer science. This paper proposes a novel model for property division, which adopts latest marital law of PRC and dynamic fuzzy theory. Firstly, all up-to-dated clauses involved with property distribution in divorce were quantified to obtain related set elements. Then the dynamic fuzzy theory was applied to construct a membership function to calculate the weight of set elements. Ultimately， the appropriate degrees are calculated by optimum model. By testing, property division legal expert dynamic fuzzy system could consider questions scientifically, comprehensively and effectively.
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Kuruzović, Nikolina. "The quality of close relationships in adulthood: the role of sociodemographic and environmental factors." TIMS. Acta 14, no. 2 (2020): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/timsact14-27737.
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In order to better understand the phenomenon of the quality of different types of close relationships of adults, we have investigated several determinants which define them more clearly. We focused on the relational differences of the respondents according to several sociodemographic (age, gender, employment, marital status and children) and environmental factors (structure and relationships in the family). A total of 400 males and females, ranging from 19 to 51 years, completed a general questionnaire. It collected the data related to sociodemographic and environmental characteristics, as well as the Social Relations Network Inventory (NRI), which assessed the quality of five types of close relationships. The results indicate significant differences between the respondents in the quality of individual close relationships, based on the factors of age, gender, employment, marital status and parenthood, as well as according to the factors of the quality of family relations and parental marital status. The identified differences are particularly pronounced in terms of the quality of the relationship with the mother and the quality of the relationship with the friend, which is explained by the characteristic nature of these relationships, as well as the developmental roles and tasks of the adulthood.
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Ujaili, Shahla, and Samar Zahrawi. "Summer with the Enemy." Arab World English Journal For Translation and Literary Studies 6, no. 1 (2022): 136–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.24093/awejtls/vol6no1.10.
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Summer with the Enemy is a novel written in the Arabic language by the Syrian writer Shahla Ujaili and translated to English by Michelle Hartman. It follows the life stories and complex relations of three women Lamees, her mother Najwa, and her grandmother Karma. It describes the evolution of societies and political milieu in Syria from the 1920s till the Syrian civil war around the 2010s. The novel starts in the present time, when Lamees, a young Syrian woman, having fled the ISIS siege on her hometown Raqqa, seeks asylum in Germany, Cologne, and reunites with Abboud, her childhood sweetheart. In a series of flashbacks, Lamees, the narrator, recollects episodes from her life in Syria, giving a vivid, nuanced description of the Syrian culture in Raqqa before and during the war. The value of this novel stems from its honest depiction of women's lives within various class systems, marital relations, changing historical and political circumstances, and their adaptability to change within and outside their homeland.
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Zhou, Min, and Shenggang Li. "Algebraic and topological structures based on novel soft set relations." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 28, no. 2 (2015): 747–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ifs-141356.
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Dluhošová, Táňa. "Marital Networks and Portfolios of Prestige." European Journal of East Asian Studies 19, no. 1 (2020): 124–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700615-01901003.
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Abstract Many of today’s most successful Taiwanese companies are linked to prominent kin groups. Expanding existing historical scholarship, which has focused on elite families individually, the article opens up a broader perspective by investigating Taiwanese elites as a social group, albeit a heterogeneous one. Based on a dataset comprising family members and their relationships, the article first describes this marital network of 1,271 families. Subsequently, following a Bourdieusian approach, it analyses distinct elite groups and their engagement in multiple fields of activity, information about which is stored in TBIO (Taiwan Biographical Ontology), a biographical database established by the author. The analysis reveals the existence of characteristic combinations of capital—dubbed here ‘portfolios of prestige’—which allowed these families to gain and maintain their positions of influence. In combining Digital Humanities methods and sociological approaches, the article thus identifies salient structural features of Taiwanese elites which have rarely been highlighted and opens up new prospects for future research.
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Pauli, Julia. "Creating Illegitimacy: Negotiating Relations and Reproduction within Christian Contexts in Northwest Namibia." Journal of Religion in Africa 42, no. 4 (2012): 408–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12341233.
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Abstract The stigmatization of children born out of wedlock is not yet common in the rural community of Fransfontein, Northwest Namibia. Comparable to other regions of southern Africa, the birth of a child is very much valued and welcomed regardless of the parent’s marital status, and out-of-wedlock births are very widespread. However, these perceptions are gradually changing. During Sunday mass in the local Protestant church the term /ai-/gôas(b), ‘sin child’, is increasingly being used to name children originating from extramarital affairs of wealthy married men. This moral discourse is sustained by elite men’s wives, who fear their husbands’ out-of-wedlock children will place claims on their husbands’ wealth. The central aim of the paper is to understand these emerging moral evaluations and discuss their implications as well as creations of novel Christian spaces and new forms of distinction and exclusion.
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김명애 and 송정아. "A Study on the Changing Process of Marital Conflict Based on Object Relations of the Wife receiving Counseling." Korea Journal of Counseling 13, no. 6 (2012): 2681–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15703/kjc.13.6.201212.2681.
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Marcus, Anthony, Popy Begum, Laila Alsabahi, and Ric Curtis. "Between Choice and Obligation: An Exploratory Assessment of Forced Marriage Problems and Policies among Migrants in the United States." Social Policy and Society 18, no. 1 (2017): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000422.
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Recently, in the United States (US) there has been increasing interest in and advocacy for developing research and policies that identify and address what has, in the European context, been called child and forced marriage, in which migrant parents, typically from the Middle East, North Africa and South Asia (MENASA) impose marital choices on their Western-raised children, through coercion, psychological pressure, or the threat of violence. Despite widespread international concern, there remains little research-based empirical knowledge about the problem in the United States. Drawing on interviews with 100 City University of New York students from MENASA families, this study documents significant intergenerational conflict over honour, sexuality, and marital choice and suggests a high likelihood that coercive marital situations are present in the US. However, the different socio-political environment encountered by migrant families in the US may not effectively accommodate European style anti-forced marriage policy constructions and criminal justice responses.
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KULIK, LIAT, and HAIA ZUCKERMAN BARELI. "Continuity and Discontinuity in Attitudes toward Marital Power Relations: Pre-retired vs Retired Husbands." Ageing and Society 17, no. 5 (1997): 571–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x97006491.
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Taking a life-cycle approach to marital power relations, the paper compares the attitudes of married men close to retirement with those who are retired. An integrative model based on Resource Theory was designed to analyse the effect of several variables on the husband's perceptions of power relations: perceived resources, attitudes toward gender roles, emotional commitment to his wife and anticipated dependence on her. The model was tested on a sample of 348 Israeli men – 137 pre-retired and 211 retirees. Contrary to expectations of a decline in the retired husband's perceived power, no differences were found between the two groups except for a reported increase in social power among the older group. Major differences were found, however, regarding the overall impact of variables: perceived economic resources had the strongest explanatory power for pre-retired respondents, whereas it was psycho-social factors (anticipated dependence on the wife for satisfaction of emotional needs, psychological resources, and emotional commitment to the wife) that best explained variance among retirees. The increased dependence of retired husbands on their wives' expressive resources seems to contradict their reports of greater social power, suggesting that their perceptions of marital power relations may be coloured by feelings of status anxiety.
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Parrs, Alexandra. "Gender Relations in Racialized Ghagar Communities of Egypt." Journal of Middle East Women's Studies 16, no. 3 (2020): 264–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/15525864-8637395.
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Abstract This article reflects on gender relations among Egyptian Dom/Ghagar. It is based on an examination of the representations of Dom women by European Orientalists in Egyptian movies, Egyptian media, and ethnographic research among Dom communities in Egypt, particularly narratives describing marital practices: bride price, divorce, polygyny, and early marriage. The article confronts the discourse of Ghagar and non-Ghagar about the position of women within Ghagar communities. It hypothesizes that representations of gender specificities among Ghagar communities may be concomitantly anchored in real practices, in perceptions of difference among their practices by members of Ghagar communities, and in external discourse. Egyptian media tend to project an image of the Ghagar as a society in which women are more powerful than men—which has a negative connotation. The article asks if those perceptions and interactions have helped create a dimension of Ghagar identity.
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Mirzaei, A., and M. Rahmati. "A Novel Hierarchical-Clustering-Combination Scheme Based on Fuzzy-Similarity Relations." IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems 18, no. 1 (2010): 27–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tfuzz.2009.2034531.
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Wilson, Stephanie, Steven Cole, M. Shrout, and Janice Kiecolt-Glaser. "Expression of Emotions and Genes: Proinflammatory Gene Expression Rises With Spousal Distress." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (2021): 296. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.1148.
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Abstract Marital quality shares ties to inflammation-related conditions like cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Lab-based studies implicate hostility during marital conflict as a mechanism via inflammatory reactivity. However, developmental theories suggest that conflict declines with age. Spousal distress is an important but overlooked context for aging couples as networks shrink and assistance needs increase. To examine the effects of spousal distress on changes in proinflammatory gene expression, 38 adults ages 40-81 witnessed their spouse relive an upsetting personal memory aloud, rated their mood before and after, and provided blood samples at baseline and twice post-task. Those whose negative mood increased more in response to spousal disclosure showed larger elevations in proinflammatory gene expression 40 (p=.022) and 80 minutes (p<.0001) after the task. Effects were robust to race, gender, age, alcohol, smoking, and body mass index. These novel findings identify spousal distress as a key marital context that may escalate inflammation-related health risks.
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Kavitha, D., Prof M. Neeraja, and Prof M. Neeraja. "The Image of New Woman as Portrayed in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Novel The Lowland." SMART MOVES JOURNAL IJELLH 9, no. 3 (2021): 92–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.24113/ijellh.v9i3.10951.
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The last decade of the Victorian era witnessed a major shift in the social attitude of the woman. It was a break away from the patriarchal system, and women emerging as independent being and moving towards achieving gender equality. The ‘New Woman’ is considered as a precursor to the feminist movement and thus the legacy of New Woman lives on to this day. Jhumpa Lahiri, the significant writer of the Indian diaspora has emerged on the global literary scene with her remarkable writings. The novel has a compelling plot of family relations. It delineates the tender fraternal bond between Subhash and Udayan and how it gets affected by the various paths they chose in their lives. This intensely emotional tale unfolds diverse dimensions of the woman caught in the predicament of conservative cultural practices at home, political unrest in society and the life of an exile in the immigrant land. It also explores Gauri’s expression of identity, her struggle with love, Bela’s choice for individuality and pragmatism in life has turned the novel into a unique narrative. In her second novel, ‘The Lowland’ Jhumpa portrays her women characters devaluing the patriarchal setup. They break the myths of womanhood and motherhood. Prominence is given to assert their position in society by restoring self-identity than nurturing deeper family relations. They fight with courage and confront various challenges in their marital relationship.
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Peixoto, Clayton, Dayla Abss Rondon, Adriana Cardoso, and André Barciela Veras. "High functioning autism disorder: marital relationships and sexual offending." Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria 66, no. 2 (2017): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000159.
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ABSTRACT Objective To describe the implications of social inability as a factor that can contribute to sexual abuse in the marriage relationship of people with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Case description A 30-year-old male sought medical attention complaining of being “very nervous” and have difficulties in family relationships. He was diagnosed with high-functioning ASD based on the DSM-5. Married for over 4 years with a woman diagnosed with histrionic personality disorder (HPD), he asked for her to accompany him in the sessions and help him describe difficulties they had during sexual intercourse. His wife reported feeling raped in all of her sexual relations with the patient, especially when he could not understand that she did not want sex. Comments The case study leads us to believe that the social and communicative disability is a complicating factor that can contributes to the occurrence of sexual abuse in marital relationships with individuals with ASD. Social skills training, psychotherapy, and traditional medical therapies should be considered to minimize the risk of occurrence of cases of sexual abuse by individuals with high-functioning ASD against the spouses themselves.
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Tugume, Benon. "FEMALE CHAUVINISTS AND MALE PATRIARCHS: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF GENDER RELATIONS IN AMA ATA AIDOO’S CHANGES: A LOVE STORY." Imbizo 7, no. 1 (2017): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2078-9785/1928.
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This article examines gender relations in Ama Ata Aidoo’s Changes: A Love Story. The novel depicts a gender crisis among the educated and career-oriented women working in government offices in Accra. The focus is on women’s education, sexuality, marriage, and marital rape. The three women protagonists, Esi, Opokuya and Fusena, find the institution of marriage challenging and hold the view that it hampers their career development. Esi is highly educated compared to the other female characters. She is a female chauvinist, who feels too powerful to be controlled by a man. She finds herself in the most complicated situation in her marriage, because of her feminist views, which she acquired from Western education. Although she abhors the dominance of men over women, her sexuality naturally brings her into relationships with male patriarchs. Her views about love and marriage are superficial and irreconcilable with the realities of her society. She divorces her first husband because of marital rape and goes into a polygamous marriage, which she also finds unfulfilling. In this article, I argue that Esi’s problems in her first marriage are due to her uncompromising character and her inability to engage her husband in order to strike a balance between family obligations and career goals. In addition, I argue that Esi does not realise her expectations in the second marriage because she emotionally and selfishly goes into it without understanding the rules that govern polygamous marriages.
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Ostrouch-Kamińska, Joanna. "Partnerstwo w relacji małżeńskiej jako współczesna wartość wychowania." Problemy Wczesnej Edukacji 33, no. 2 (2016): 114–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.4829.
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Today we observe the dynamic changes in relations between the sexes in the family, which appear as a result of economic, cultural, and social transformation, the growth of women’s economic strength, as well as the level of their education, and the development of the ideas of the equal rights of women and men in the labour market and in social life. Hitherto existing research results show that Poles are increasingly in favour of the egalitarian family model and declare their wish to build their relationships based on equality. In the article I will characterise our cultural context, in which the egalitarian relation of a man and a woman in a family is both an educational space of confrontation between the “old” concept of family life, often rooted in Parsons’ concept of the nuclear family, and the “new” one, specific for the socio-cultural breakthrough in Poland. I will also present the involvement of formal education in fixing stereotypical images of family life, which are in opposition to the changes observed in relations between women and men. At the end I will present my own concept of education for equality in the marital relations, as well as the frame of equality between spouses in marital relations as a value of upbringing, which are a response to the needs of contemporary women and men.
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Bokek-Cohen, Ya’arit. "Couples Who Disobeyed the Caste-Like Marital Prohibitions in Israel." Indian Journal of Gender Studies 27, no. 1 (2020): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971521519891477.
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This article uses a feminist human rights approach and focusses on one of the most painful experiences in intimate relationships, unveiling a hitherto unexplored type of human rights infringement for divorced women, namely the right to establish a family in Israel, purported to be a democratic state. This phenomenon is based on religious marriage rules and prohibitions that include, inter alia, the classification of Jews into 10 hierarchical pedigrees, which are partially equivalent to Indian castes. Owing to this caste-like classification, thousands of couples are proscribed from marrying each other every year in Israel. This article focusses on couples that disobeyed the prohibitions on couples consisting of male Cohanim (descendants of Jewish priests) and divorced women, as one type of forbidden marriage. Four themes emerged from data analysis of narratives of 26 interviewees, which converge to a common motif of the liminality of Cohen-divorcee couples. The article argues that this liminality undermines the basic rationale of the prevailing millet (personal law) system and discusses the implications of this liminality for women’s human rights and religion-state relations.
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Lari, Noora Ahmed. "The Impact of Women’s Employment on Marital Stability in Qatar Society." Journal of Business and Economics 10, no. 2 (2019): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15341/jbe(2155-7950)/02.10.2019/005.
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The State of Qatar has implemented several family policies in order to improve the wellbeing of Qatari families and ensure fair distribution of development benefits for both men and women. However, there is a linkage between female employment outside the home and instability in the marriages of Qatari families. This paper investigates the impact of female employment on marital stability, based on the results of primary data collected in Qatar, a questionnaire that consisted of several sections such as challenges in the workplace, supervisor, family and spouse relations, work motivation and performance. Of the 824 questionnaires that were returned, 807 were completed and valid for analysis. Regression analysis and an ANOVA test have been used to test the relationship between the variables. The results of the research have produced mixed findings about how wives’ employment increases marital instability and have yielded few significant differences on mean scores of discuss on work demands, insufficient time together, housework, financial matters, communication, relatives and rearing children. The results indicates that in general Qatar working women face several challenges in relation to their marital life as part of cultural and social constraints.
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SADYKOV, Ramil' M., and Natal'ya L. BOL'SHAKOVA. "Upgrading the institution of family through the lens of its structural and functional modifications." National Interests: Priorities and Security 17, no. 5 (2021): 968–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.17.5.968.
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Subject. As the social life transforms, the institution of family is getting more modern and demonstrates new forms and changes in the principal functions. The process induces the emergence of various social problems associated with the economic and financial status of family, psychoemotional tensions, asocial behavior of parents and children. Objectives. We herein analyze modernization processes of the institution of family as the social life transforms, and evaluate it in terms of its structural and functional changes. The study offers specific actions to be performed for strengthening the institution of family. Methods. The study is based on a set of general scientific methods, including logic, systems, comparative, functional, statistical and sociological analysis. Results. Development processes of family are shows to be controversial in the Russian society. They are not always definite, demonstrating some differences. As the market relations and private ownership rapidly evolve, many family values, traditions and standards perish, while new one being just in their infancy. Marital relations, institutions of kinship, parenthood go beyond the idea of family, thus ultimately loosing family values, which used to be very significant. In new socio-economic circumstances, family serves for many various purposes, which often diverge from traditional ones. Conclusions and Relevance. In Russia, the modern family undergoes the modernization process. Family acquires new forms and changes its key functions, which should be further studied. Marital relations, institutions of kinship, parenthood go beyond the idea of family, thus ultimately undermining marital values, which used to be very important. Family dysfunctions, unstable relationships of spouses can be seen in both wealthy and less financial protected families. To support and strengthen the institution of family, we propose specific socio-economic, socio-psychological and socio-medical actions.
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Liu, Kang, Azian Azamimi Abdullah, Ming Huang, Takaaki Nishioka, Md Altaf-Ul-Amin, and Shigehiko Kanaya. "Novel Approach to Classify Plants Based on Metabolite-Content Similarity." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5296729.
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Secondary metabolites are bioactive substances with diverse chemical structures. Depending on the ecological environment within which they are living, higher plants use different combinations of secondary metabolites for adaptation (e.g., defense against attacks by herbivores or pathogenic microbes). This suggests that the similarity in metabolite content is applicable to assess phylogenic similarity of higher plants. However, such a chemical taxonomic approach has limitations of incomplete metabolomics data. We propose an approach for successfully classifying 216 plants based on their known incomplete metabolite content. Structurally similar metabolites have been clustered using the network clustering algorithm DPClus. Plants have been represented as binary vectors, implying relations with structurally similar metabolite groups, and classified using Ward’s method of hierarchical clustering. Despite incomplete data, the resulting plant clusters are consistent with the known evolutional relations of plants. This finding reveals the significance of metabolite content as a taxonomic marker. We also discuss the predictive power of metabolite content in exploring nutritional and medicinal properties in plants. As a byproduct of our analysis, we could predict some currently unknown species-metabolite relations.
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Prayogo, Muhammad Faiz Hasyfi. "PENYEBAB KONFLIK RUMAH TANGGA PADA KLIEN SATRIA UTAMA RELATIONSHIP COACH." WACANA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Komunikasi 19, no. 1 (2020): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32509/wacana.v19i1.1004.
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in improving family relations quality. This research aims to know causes of conflict in the family by a relationship coach. This research is using phenomenological method to obtain in-depth data from informant who experience in providing consultancy in domestic life named Satria Utama whom establish a relationship coach for seven years. Collecting data methods that is used for this research is in-depth interview and it’s analyzed with phenomenological research steps. There are three factor that causing marital conflict: genderlect styles, encoding-decoding process in communicate feelings, and family communication pattern. This analysis conclude that the three factor is a unity and cannot be separated. The communication differentiation between man and woman that occur is not about dialectic, but man and woman speak with different genderlect. One way to improve marital communication quality is a safe feeling in expressing feelings. Many people cannot express their feelings clearly to their spouse, so they need a coach to describe their feelings verbally based on some situation. Parents also affect how their kids marital relationship later when they grow up. Conflicts that happen in marriage relationship cannot be separated from how their parents communication pattern with their kids when they were kids.
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Lan, Zhiyuan, Rahul Daga, Robert Whitehouse, Stephen McCarthy, and Daniel Schmidt. "Structure–properties relations in flexible polyurethane foams containing a novel bio-based crosslinker." Polymer 55, no. 11 (2014): 2635–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymer.2014.03.061.
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Syed Muzaffar Hussain, Saralah Devi Mariamdaram Chethiyar, and Nabisah Binti Ibrahim Binti Ibrahim. "Life Style Changings and Depression among the Married and Unmarried Nurses of Multan." International Journal of Linguistics and Culture 2, no. 2 (2021): 215–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.52700/ijlc.v2i2.54.
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ABSTRACT
 Purpose: The current research was directed to examine the association between life style changings (age, marital status, duty hours) and depression among the married and unmarried nurses of Multan. Methodology. Data was taken from (n=150) nurses through stratified proportional sampling method. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Independent Sample T-Test and A Generalized Linear Regression Model studied relations between lifestyle aspects and depression. Main Findings: The result showed that life styles changings (age, marital status and duty hours) have significant positive relationship with depression. Regression findings revealed life styles changings (age, marital status and duty hours) were the significant predictors of depression. However, results also showed that mean score of depression was high in married nurses as compared to unmarried nurses. Application of this Study: The present study will help to understand the consequences of depression especially among nurses. Existing policies and coping strategies could be inquired and could probably to improve to better help this population. Nurses should make therapeutic lifestyle variations to improve their work-life balance and protect their functioning at work and individual well-being. Novelty/Originality of this Study: Based on this study, it is not only particular for professionals or nurses to be aware of depression toward better life in the Pakistani society but also to be educated the culture itself and clinical area.
 KEYWORDS: Life Styles Changings, Depression, Nurses, Multan.
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Granicka, Katarzyna. "Marital Practices of the Nahuas and Imposed Sociocultural Change in Sixteenth-Century Mexico." Ethnohistory 69, no. 1 (2022): 81–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00141801-9404173.
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Abstract There are many sources that allowed scholars to study the nature and functions of polygamous marriages of the Nahua nobility. Very few studies, however, focus on the marital relations of the Nahua commoners. This article presents exploratory research into various kinds of marriages of the macehualtin—polygamy, sororate, and levirate. Based on the available material (early censuses, inquisitorial records, sixteenth-century accounts) it discusses the functions that these types of unions played in Nahua society. Moreover, it reflects on the effects that the Christianization and prohibition of such marriages had on Nahua society. The Nahuas could either reshape their communities, by adjusting to the new rules, or continue their precolonial practices in hiding. Either way, the imposed Christianization can be analyzed through the notion of the cultural trauma, which occurred when the Nahuas were forced to reshape their communities to adjust to the new rules.
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Maharti, Hastin Melur, and Winarini Wilman Mansoer. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA KEPUASAN PERNIKAHAN, KOMITMEN BERAGAMA, DAN KOMITMEN PERNIKAHAN DI INDONESIA." JKKP (Jurnal Kesejahteraan Keluarga dan Pendidikan) 5, no. 1 (2018): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/jkkp.051.07.
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This research is aimed to discover the interrelation between marital satisfaction, religiouscommitment and marital commitment globally and based on its types, personal, moral, andstructural. The sampling of the research is 315 persons, with age 20 until 58 years old. The resultof the research shows there is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction and maritalcommitment, religious commitment and marital commitment, marital satisfaction together withreligious commitment and marital commitment. It is also discovers that marital commitmentinfluences personal commitment and moral commitment, while religious commitment influencespersonal commitment, moral commitment, and structural commitment.Keywords: marital satisfaction, religious commitment, marital commitment
 
 Abstrak
 Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kepuasan pernikahan, komitmen beragama, dan komitmen pernikahan secara global dan menurut tipenya, komitmen personal, moral, dan struktural. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah berjumlah 315 orang, berusia 20 hingga 58 tahun. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara kepuasan pernikahan dan komitmen pernikahan, komitmen beragama dan komitmen pernikahan, kepuasan pernikahan bersama dengan komitmen beragama dan komitmen pernikahan. Juga diketahui bahwa kepuasan pernikahan memiliki pengaruh terhadap komitmen personal dan komitmen moral. Sementara komitmen beragama memiliki pengaruh terhadap komitmen personal, komitmen moral, dan komitmen struktural. 
 Kata kunci: kepuasan pernikahan, komitmen beragama, komitmen pernikahan
 
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Costa, Luciana Carvalho, Maria Inês da Rosa, and Iara Denise Endruweit Battisti. "Prevalence of condom use and associated factors in a sample of university students in southern Brazil." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 25, no. 6 (2009): 1245–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2009000600007.
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This article focuses on the frequency of condom use and associated factors in university students, based on a cross-sectional study of 633 students in 2006. Associations were investigated using a logistic regression model with 5% significance. Condom use prevalence was 60%. Having candidiasis was a protective factor for condom use in both sexual initiation (OR = 0.49; 95%CI: 0.31-0.79) and the most recent sexual intercourse (OR = 0.39; 95%CI: 0.24-0.65). Condom use was associated with single marital status (OR = 2.89; 95%CI: 1.60-5.23) and having a sex partner froim the health field (OR = 0.50; 95%CI: 0.34-0.75). Condom use was high in all sexual relations in this sample of university students. Single marital status and having a sex partner from a health-related course were positively associated with condom use in the most recent intercourse. Self-reported genital candidiasis was protective for condom use during early sexual activity and in the most recent sexual relation. Belonging to the health field did not show a significant impact on the use of male condoms.
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Watt, Laura, and Mark Elliot. "Continuity and change in sexual attitudes: A cross-time comparison of tolerance towards non-traditional relationships." Sociological Review 65, no. 4 (2017): 832–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038026116674887.
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This article explores how attitudes towards different types of sexual relationships have changed over time. Data from the National Survey of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles (1990, 2000 and 2010) are used to investigate whether people living in Britain have become more (or less) tolerant of one night stands, same-sex relationships and extra-marital relations, and whether any observed changes result from period or cohort effects. While attitudes towards same-sex relationships became far more tolerant between 1990 and 2010, the pattern was not the same for one night stands or extra-marital relationships. Based upon these results the article argues that the proposition made by individualisation theory regarding the loosening of traditional norms is far too simplistic when talking about change over time in intimate life. It is argued instead that a more nuanced theory of social change is required, consistent with the finding that some norms are strengthening rather than weakening. The article also claims that certain elements of individualisation theory might in fact be consistent with the strengthening of those norms.
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Vintoniak, N. D. "Corporate Rights Of The Spouses: The Essence Of The Legal Regime." Actual problems of improving of current legislation of Ukraine, no. 50 (June 11, 2019): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.15330/apiclu.50.103-113.
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The article is devoted to the question of legal regulation of corporate rights of spouses. The issues of the legal regime of marital property as well as the essence of the legal regime of spouses’ corporate rights have been discussed.
 It has been justified that upon investing marital property into the authorized share capital of a corporation which one of the spouses has ownership rights in, the rights of rem become the law of obligation (vinculum iuris). The law of obligation, incurred between spouses upon investing part of the shared property into company’s authorized share capital to participate in the authorized share capital, is based on the claim rights.
 It is noted that since the moment the company is registered with the State Registrar of Companies, such a company becomes a participant of civil law relations. The predetermined contribution (consisting of marital property) invested into the authorized share capital of a corporation becomes the property of the mentioned legal entity and is not subject to shared property of the spouses. Therefore, marital property as joint owned property becomes sole and separate property of the corporation.
 It has been proved that taking into account the indivisibility and the personalized nature of corporate rights, corporate rights cannot be subject to shared property of the spouses. This statement is supported by the fact that having the other spouse as a shareholder will lead to the increase in the number of shareholders.
 It has been explained that the legal regime of spouses’ corporate rights is subject to special legal regime, namely transformation of property rights. For that of the spouses who is a company shareholder, the right to property, which is being contributed to the authorized share capital of the corporation, becomes corporate right. For the other spouse, the mentioned above rights become claim rights.
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Tijani, O. "Is Sadeem Legally Married to Waleed? Islamic Feminism and the Intersection of Culture, Religion, and Gender in Banāt al-Riyāḍ". Societies 9, № 1 (2019): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc9010004.
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Rajāʾ al-Ṣāniʿ’s Banāt al-Riyāḍ (2005, Girls of Riyadh) is unique not just for depicting globalization and local culture vis-à-vis the woman issue in Saudi Arabia, but for heralding a new trend of ‘e-epistolary narratives’ in the Saudi Arabian novel. The novel explores issues related to Islamic religious precepts versus Saudi socio-cultural practices and ideologies, especially those related to love and marital relationships as well as the concepts of femininity and masculinity. Most of the reviews and scholarly studies in English have focused more on the novel’s innovative narrative style or medium and its portrayal of the taboos of Saudi Arabia rather than on—and oftentimes, ignoring—its Islamic content and persuasion. This article reads Banāt al-Riyāḍ as an ‘Islamic feminist’ text that represents the extent to which al-Ṣāniʿ has internalized the other—modern western culture and civilization—while at the same time seeking to externalize and highlight the authentic Islamic teachings on women’s rights and gender relations, which have always been both misinterpreted locally and misrepresented globally.
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Wang, Meiling, and Jun Ma. "A novel recommendation approach based on users’ weighted trust relations and the rating similarities." Soft Computing 20, no. 10 (2015): 3981–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00500-015-1734-1.
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Zhang, H. M., and Y. F. Xing. "Two novel explicit time integration methods based on displacement-velocity relations for structural dynamics." Computers & Structures 221 (September 2019): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruc.2019.05.018.
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Ilham, M., Muhammad Majdy Amiruddin, and Arifuddin Arif. "Islamic Harmony Examplar: The Qur'an's Frame on Social Interaction with Non-Muslims." FITRAH: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu-ilmu Keislaman 6, no. 2 (2020): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/fitrah.v6i2.2777.
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The actual dynamic authenticity of social life often shows accusations that religion is a source of social friction, violence, or conflict. The spirit of the Koran shows an appreciative attitude, even inviting to the meeting point (common platform) of monotheism (tauhid) which is the basic teaching of the Torah, the Bible, and the Koran. This paper aims to explore the existence of non-Muslims from the perspective of the Koran, the variants, and principles of social harmony with them. This paper uses qualitative as a method and literature as an approach. From the perspective of the Koran, there are 3 variants of arranged interactions. First in trade relations, second in marital relations, and third in political relations. The three variants of interaction must be based on the principle of Ihsan (good behavior) and Adalah (fair). Implications of this research present the idea of a meeting point between religions. This meeting point is expected to eliminate the friction of exclusivity between religious communities to create harmony and peace.
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Abdallah, Stééphanie Latte. "Fragile Intimacies: Marriage and Love in the Palestinian Camps of Jordan (1948––2001)." Journal of Palestine Studies 38, no. 4 (2009): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2009.38.4.47.
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This article focuses on conjugal love as an articulated, lived emotion; on relationships between spouses within the context of the family; and on how these emotions and relations have changed over time in Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan. Based on interviews with four generations of Palestinian camp women, the article charts evolving marital patterns and attitudes toward marriage in relation to changing political circumstances and diverse influences. Particular emphasis is given to the third generation and the emergence of individualization of choice and its consequences. The influence of the family and the role of protection in the formation of conjugal bonds are also addressed.