Academic literature on the topic 'Based On The 2005 National Electric Code'
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Journal articles on the topic "Based On The 2005 National Electric Code"
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Cui, Wei, Bao Gang Zhao, Yang Liu, Si Yu Qian, Jia Ye, Hai Feng Yang, and Ya Jun Li. "A Research of CIM Model in Education Fields." Advanced Materials Research 267 (June 2011): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.267.64.
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This article has been supported by Chinese National Natural Science Fund in 2010, “Strategy research of using supply chain partner’s knowledge in enterprise knowledge creation process”, Project approving code: 71072124. It was also supported by Fund of Liaoning Province reform of higher education "Research of service outsourcing personnel training mode" in 2007, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of ways expanding Dalian outsourcing service industry market" in 2008, Fund of Dalian Science and Technology Plan "Research of Dalian comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2009, Fund of Chongqing Electric Power Corporation "Research of Chongqing comprehensive prediction system of electric power and energy" in 2008 and Project of Dalian Maritime University reform of graduate education and teaching “Construction of teaching content system of Management Science and Engineering based on the platform of motion and internet of things ” in 2010.
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Peppercorn, Jeffrey M., Stephanie B. Wheeler, Kevin Houck, Bercedis Peterson, Victor Villagra, James Antetomaso, Adane Fekadu Wogu, and Gary H. Lyman. "Impact of copayment elimination on annual and biennial screening mammography utilization among rural U.S. women." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): 6503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.6503.
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6503 Background: Early detection of breast cancer through mammography screening leads to earlier stage at diagnosis and improved survival. Previous research has shown that rural American women are less likely to receive screening mammography compared to their urban counterparts. Copayments for mammography are a potential barrier to screening, and elimination of copayments may improve screening rates. We examined annual (aSMU) and biennial (bSMU) screening mammography utilization and the impact of copayment elimination among rural U.S. women. Methods: Using the insurance claims database of the National Rural Electric Cooperative Association (NRECA), which insures over 100,000 electrical workers and their families nationally, we identified all women ages 40 to 64 with no prior history of invasive breast cancer or DCIS (based on ICD-9 codes) and captured claims for aSMU and bSMU between 1999 and 2009. Changes in screening over time were assessed for the periods before and after NRECA elimination of copayments for screening mammography in January, 2006. Chi-squared tests were used to compare aSMU and bSMU rates by age group. All p-values are two-sided. Results: During this time period, over 20,000 women ages 40 to 64 received health insurance through NRECA each year. From 1999 to 2009, aSMU increased from 38.1% to 49.5%, while bSMU increased from 57.2% to 68.1%. Screening increased significantly following elimination of copayments in 2006 (p = 0.0004). Specifically, for the period 2006-2007 compared to 2004-2005, the percentage of women undergoing at least biennial screening increased from 60.9 to 68.8% (p < 0.0001), with absolute differences in screening by age ranging from an increase of 5.3% among women 40-45, to 10% among women 60 – 64. Conclusions: Evaluation of insurance claims data from rural US populations reveals that a large percentage of rural women ages 40 to 64 do not undergo even biennial breast cancer screening. Elimination of copayments improves both annual and biennial screening rates in all age groups, but does not eliminate all barriers. Further investigation is ongoing to understand financial and non-financial barriers to screening and attitudes towards current screening recommendations.
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Perrault, David, Danielle Rochlin, Christopher Pham, Arash Momeni, Yvonne Karanas, and Clifford C. Sheckter. "Timing of Flap Surgery in Acute Burn Patients Does Not Affect Complications." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, no. 5 (June 25, 2020): 967–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa096.
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Abstract Pedicled and free flaps are occasionally necessary to reconstruct complex wounds in acute burn patients. Flap coverage has classically been delayed for concern of progressive tissue necrosis and flap failure. We aim to investigate flap complications in primary burn care leveraging national U.S. data. Acute burn patients with known % total body surface area(TBSA) were extracted from the Nationwide/National Inpatient Sample from 2002 to 2014 based on the International Classification of Disease (ICD) codes, ninth edition. Variables included age, sex, race, Elixhauser index, %TBSA, mechanism, inhalation injury, and location of burn. Flap complication was defined by ICD-9 procedure code 86.75, return to the operating room for flap revision. Multivariable analysis evaluated predictors of flap compromise using stepwise logistic regression with backward elimination. The weighted sample included 306,924 encounters of which 526 received a flap (0.17%). About 7.8% of flap encounters sustained electric injury compared to 2.7% of non-flap encounters (odds ratio [OR] 3.76, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95–7.24, P < .001). The mean hospital day of the flap procedure was 10.1 (SD 10.7) days. Flap complications occurred in 6.4% of cases. The timing of flap coverage was not associated with complications. The only independent predictor of flap complication was electrical injury (OR 40.49, 95% CI 2.98–550.64, P = .005). Electrical injury was an independent predictor of flap complications compared to other mechanisms. Flap timing was not associated with return to surgery for complications. This suggests that the use of flaps is safe in acute burn care to achieve burn wound closure with an understanding that electrical injuries may warrant particular consideration to avoid failure.
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Pandey, M. D., V. Ho, S. Bedi, and S. B. Woodward. "Development of a condition assessment model for transmission line in-service wood crossarms." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 32, no. 3 (June 1, 2005): 480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l04-114.
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Wood transmission structures, such as H frames, have been extensively used to support electrical transmission lines throughout Canada. The transmission infrastructure is in general aging, and fungal decay of wood crossarms poses a significant risk of failure under adverse weather conditions. A crossarm failure in the transmission system can result in forced outages and customer disruptions that lead to significant economic losses. This paper presents a condition assessment model to prioritize the replacement of transmission crossarms that are near the end of their service life. The proposed standard involves a visual condition rating system, which is validated by results of full-scale testing of a sample of in-service crossarms. Aerial inspection of transmission lines using the proposed visual rating system is a simple, economical, fast, and effective method of assessment. The proposed approach would ensure a more consistent compliance with the condition-based replacement standard specified in the Canadian (Canadian Standards Association Standard CSA 22.3 No. 1-01) and North American (US National Electric Safety Code 2002 edition) standards.Key words: transmission structure, wood crossarms, decay, condition assessment, full-scale testing, visual rating system, statistical data analysis, bending strength.
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Sheckter, Clifford C., David Perrault, Danielle H. Rochlin, Christopher H. Pham, and Yvonne L. Karanas. "105 The Impact of Flap Timing and Mechanism of Injury on Flap Complications in Acute Burn Patients." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S69—S70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.108.
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Abstract Introduction Burn wounds are often amenable to excision and grafting, but pedicled and free flaps are sometimes necessary to achieve closure of complex wounds. Flap coverage of exposed bone, tendons and cartilage has classicaly been delayed in acute burn patients due to concern of progressive tissue necrosis, microvascular thrombosis and percieved high failure rates. More recently, a number of reports have demonstrated that the use of flaps is safe earlier in acute burn care. We aim to elucidate the role of flaps in primary burn woud coverage leveraging national US data. Methods Acute burn patients with known % total body surface area were extracted from the Nationwide/National Inpatient Sample from 2002–2014 based on International Classification of Disease (ICD) Codes 9th edition. Flap procedures were identified based on ICD-9 procedure codes. Flap and non-flapped patients were compared using multivariable analysis. Variables included age, gender, race, Elixhauser comorbidity index, %TBSA, burn mechanism, inhalation injury, and location of burn. Flap complication was defined by ICD-9 procedure code 8675, return to OR for revision of flap. Multivariable analysis evaluated predictors of flap compromise based on stepwise logistic regression with backwards elimination. Results The weighted sample included 306,924 encounters of which 526 received a flap (0.17%). The mean age of encounters receiving a flap was 45.0 (SD 21.2) years versus 35.5 (SD 24.2) years in the non flap group (p=0.023). 7.8% of patients who received a flap suffered electric injury compared to 2.7% of non-free flap encounters (OR 3.76, 95% CI 1.95–7.24, p< 0.001). Patients who underwent flap wound coverage were more likely to have a lower extremity burn; 55.3% of encounters versus 43.1% in non- flap patients (OR 2.26, 95% CI 1.05–2.15, p=0.024). There were no significant differences in gender, race, Elixhauser comorbidity index, %TBSA, or inhalation injury. The mean hospital day of the flap procedure was 10.1 (SD 10.7) days. Flap complications occurred in 6.4% of flap encounters. The only independent predictor of flap complication was electrical injury (OR 40.49, 95% OR 2.98–550.64, p=0.005). The time to flap coverage and location were not associated with complications. Conclusions Electrical injury was an independent predictor of flap complications compared to other mechanisms. Flap timing was not associated with return to surgery for complications. This suggests that the use of flaps is safe in acute burn care to achieve burn wound closure with an understanding that electrical injuries may deserve particular consideration to avoid failure. Applicability of Research to Practice Inform surgeon decision making when deciding candidacy for flap surgery in acute burn patients.
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Gallucci, Raymond HV. "Risk-Reduction Credit for Very Early Warning Fire Detection at Nuclear Power Plants: From FAQ to Fiction." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 2 (February 27, 2019): 309. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091246.
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In 2004, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC), with support from the commercial nuclear power industry, adopted the 2001 Edition of National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standard 805, “Performance-Based Standard for Fire Protection for Light Water Reactor Electric Generating Plants,” as the means by which commercial nuclear power licensees could comply with Title 10 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Part 50.48(c), to replace deterministic fire protection licensing bases with ones that are risk-informed and performance-based. To facilitate licensee “transitions” to the new licensing bases via NFPA 805, a “Frequently Asked Questions” (FAQs) program, established early during the pilot-plant phase, was expanded to enable use of consensus technical “short-cuts” for fire probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) methods. These “Fire PRA FAQs” enabled licensees, with NRC approval, to bypass more traditional means of establishing acceptable PRA method enhancements on an interim basis, pending eventual confirmation by test programs and/or more detailed analyses. The NRC approved several, of which perhaps the most substantial in providing risk reduction benefits was FAQ 08-0046 on “Incipient Fire Detection Systems,” more accurately characterized as “Very Early Warning Fire Detection Systems” (VEWFDSs). Controversial from the start, the hidden story behind this FAQ’s initial adoption is relevant to examination of the NRC NUREG report that later replaced it and remains in effect today. This article examines this backstory, tracing recommendations that were proposed and bypassed, then examines alternatives to the current guidance. These alternatives, which maximize possible risk reduction credit for VEWFDSs at nuclear power plants, remain at least a factor of two less than the current peak NUREG-2180 risk-reduction factor even before the latter accounts for the possibility of fire pre-emption altogether.
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Yousuf, Md, and Ashutosh Bagchi. "Seismic design and performance evaluation of steel-frame buildings designed using the 2005 National building code of Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 2 (February 2009): 280–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l08-122.
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The seismic design provisions in the current edition of the National building code of Canada significantly differ from those in the earlier version of the code . Although the code has moved from the earlier prescriptive provisions towards a more performance-based design, such design principles have not yet been fully implemented. In the present work, four ductile steel moment-resisting frame buildings with heights of 5, 10, 15, and 20 storeys, were designed for Vancouver using the newer code, and their performances were studied to determine the level of seismic protection implied in the code. Synthesized and scaled real ground motion records were used to evaluate the nonlinear dynamic response of these structures. Although the buildings achieved the collapse prevention performance objective of the code, variations in evaluated performance parameters for the different buildings were observed. Also, building performance was found to be affected by the presence of infill walls, as well as by the nature of selected ground motion records and the methods used to scale them to Vancouver uniform hazard spectra.
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Atkinson, Gail M. "Earthquake time histories compatible with the 2005 National building code of Canada uniform hazard spectrum." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 36, no. 6 (June 2009): 991–1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l09-044.
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The seismic design provisions of the 2005 National building code of Canada (NBCC) (NRC 2005) describe earthquake ground motions for which structures are to be designed in terms of a uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) having a 2% chance of being exceeded in 50 years. The “target” UHS depends on location and site condition, where site condition is described by a classification scheme based on the time-averaged shear-wave velocity in the top 30 m of the deposit. For some applications, such as dynamic analysis by time history methods, it is useful to have time histories that represent the types of earthquake motions expected and match the target UHS from the NBCC over some prescribed period range. In this study, the stochastic finite-fault method is used to generate earthquake time histories that may be used to match the 2005 NBCC UHS for a range of Canadian sites. Records are provided for site classes A, C, D, and E. They are freely available at www.seismotoolbox.ca .
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Saatcioglu, M., M. Shooshtari, and S. Foo. "Seismic screening of buildings based on the 2010 National Building Code of Canada." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 40, no. 5 (May 2013): 483–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2012-0055.
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Seismic screening software is developed for existing buildings in Canada on the basis of the requirements of 2010 National Building Code of Canada. The software is based on the “Manual for Screening of Buildings for Seismic Investigation,” published by the National Research Council of Canada in 1992. The new software incorporates updated seismicity and soil classifications used in the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) since 2005, as well as the new ductility and over-strength factors specified in the 2010 NBCC. The uniform hazard spectrum values of the current Canadian seismicity, defined for each municipality in Canada with a 2500 year earthquake return period, are used as reference hazard values. Seismic risk associated with the use of older seismic hazard values specified in older editions of the NBCC is identified relative to the current reference seismicity. The new site classifications are incorporated, while establishing relative soil amplification values between the new acceleration-based and velocity-based soil amplification factors and the foundation factors used in older codes. The new ductility and over-strength factors used in recent editions of the code are introduced in identifying different structural types with different toughness and energy dissipation capacities. The software can be used to conduct seismic screening of buildings located in different municipalities in Canada relative to the seismic requirements of NBCC-2010. It can also be used to generate tables for different locations in the country for manual screening of buildings.
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Bartlett, F. M., H. P. Hong, and W. Zhou. "Load factor calibration for the proposed 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada: Statistics of loads and load effects." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 30, no. 2 (April 1, 2003): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l02-087.
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The 2005 edition of the National Building Code of Canada (NBCC) will adopt a companion-action format for load combinations and specify wind and snow loads based on their 50 year return period values. This paper summarizes statistics for dead load, live load due to use and occupancy, snow load, and wind load that have been adopted for calibration, and a companion paper presents the calibration itself. A new survey of typical construction tolerances indicates that statistics for dead load widely adopted for building code calibration are adequate unless the dead load is dominated by thin, cast-in-place concrete toppings. Unique statistics for live load due to use and occupancy are derived that pertain specifically to the live load reduction factor equation used in the NBCC. Statistics for snow and wind loads are normalized using the 50 year values that will be specified in the 2005 NBCC. New statistics are determined for the factors that transform wind speeds and ground snow depths into wind and snow loads on structures.Key words: buildings, code calibration, companion action, dead loads, live loads, load combinations, load factors, reliability, safety, snow loads, wind loads.
Books on the topic "Based On The 2005 National Electric Code"
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McPartland, Brian J. McGraw-Hill's National Electrical Code handbook: Based on the current 2002 National Electrical Code. 2nd ed. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002.
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Code, National Electrical, ed. Stallcup's illustrated code changes: Based on the NEC and related standards 2005. [Fort Worth, TX]: Grayboy Pub., 2004.
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Hartwell, Frederic P., W. Creighton Schwan, and H. P. Richter. Wiring Simplified: Based on the 2002 National Electrical Code (40th Edition). 4th ed. New Richmond, Wisconsin: Park Publishing, Inc., 2002.
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Loyd, Richard E. Master electrician's review: Based on the National Electrical Code 2008. 6th ed. Clifton Park, N.Y: Delmar, 2008.
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Association, National Fire Protection, ed. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. 3rd ed. Albany, N.Y: Delmar Publishers, 1993.
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Surbrook, Truman C. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. 8th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Delmar Cengage Learning, 2008.
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Association, National Fire Protection, ed. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. Albany, N.Y: Delmar, 1989.
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Surbrook, Truman C. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. 4th ed. Albany: Delmar Publishers, 1997.
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Surbrook, Truman C. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. 2nd ed. Albany, NY: Delmar Publishers, 1990.
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R, Althouse Jonathan, and National Fire Protection Association, eds. Interpreting the National Electrical Code. 7th ed. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson Delmar Learning, 2005.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Based On The 2005 National Electric Code"
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Xu, Lai, and Paul de Vrieze. "E-Contracting Challenges." In Electronic Services, 1620–29. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61520-967-5.ch099.
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A decade ago, IT — through its innovations in business process reengineering — led the way in breaking down the inefficiencies within companies. Firms in the new millennium now face relentless pressure to perform better, faster, cheaper, while maintaining a high level of guaranteed results. Firms must thus focus on their core competencies and outsource all other activities. Working with a partner, however, requires breaking down the inefficiencies between organizations and coping with frequent change across the entire end-to-end value chain. In this new world of collaborative commerce and collaborative souring, a standard business process is simply inadequate. Using e-contracts to build new business relationships and to fulfill e-contracts through the Internet are important trends. E-contracting is however not a new concept. The history of e-contracting can be reviewed from legal and technology aspects. Over the last 20 years or so, a growing body of research in artificial intelligence has focused on the representation of legislation and regulations (Sergor, 1991). As specific regulations, contracts are used to regulate the actions of twoor multi-party interactions. Gardner (1987) has developed contract formation rules. Her work concerns legislation about the nature of exchanges that lead to contractual relations. The ALDUS project and Legal Expert project investigated drafting the Sale Goods contract (ALDUS, 1992) and the United Nations Convention on contracts for the international sale of goods (Yoshino 1997, 1998), respectively. Detailed information on developing logic-based tools for the analysis and representation of legal contracts can be found in Daskalopulu (1997, 1999). The law regards contracts as collections of obligations; research in this area includes automated inference methods, which are intended to facilitate application of the theory to the analysis of practical problems. The purpose of a legal e-contracting system is to clarify and expand an incomplete and imprecise statement of requirements into a precise formal specification. In the early 1990s, the development of EDI (electronic data interchange) was a significant movement for electronic commerce. EDI was considered a term that refers solely to electronic transactions and contracts (Justice Canada, 1995). EDI requires an agreement between trading partners that not only dictates a standard data format for their computerto- computer communications, but also governs all related legal issues of EDI usage. In 1987, the first set of EDI rules was named the Uniform Rules of Conduct for Interchange of Trade Data by Teletransmission (UNCID, 1987). In 1990, the American Bar Association (ABA) published a Model Trading Partner Agreement and Commentary, together with an explanatory report (Winn & Wright, 2001). In 2000 IBM submitted to OASIS (for standardization) the first example of an XML-based EDI TPA language, called Trading Partner Agreement Markup Language (tpaML). While the EDI standard introduced efficient communication channels between companies, its implementation was not widely accepted due to its high installation costs, lack of flexibility, and technological limitations (Raman, 1996). With the development of the Internet, electronic contracting began to be interpreted in broader terms. In this new view, an e-contract is not only used as a legally binding agreement between a buyer and seller, but it can also used across different workflow systems to cross different organizational business processes (Koetsier, Grefen, & Vonk, 1999; Kafeza, Chiu, & Kafeza, 2001; Cheung, Chiu & Till, 2002) to integrate different Web services (Cheung et al., 2002, 2003). E-contracting has become synonymous with business integration over electronic networks.
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O’Daniel, T. "Bit-Wise Coding for Exploratory Analysis." In Handbook of Research on Electronic Surveys and Measurements, 287–92. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59140-792-8.ch033.
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Getting data to yield their insights can be hard work. This is especially true with survey data, which tends to be oriented toward the presence or absence of characteristics, or attitude relative to some arbitrary midpoint. A good example of the first comes from surveying the web by looking at websites: Ho (1997) analysed the value-added features used by 1800 commercial websites to form a profile of commercial use of the Web within various industries; the U.S. Federal Trade Commission (2000) examined the characteristics of the privacy policy on 426 websites; West (2004) looked at 1,935 national government websites for 198 nations around the world, evaluating the presence of various features dealing with information availability, service delivery, and public access. A good example of the second comes from any number of studies that use the ‘Likert scale’. These studies are characterised by (a) large sample sizes and (b) an analysis that must incorporate a large number of ’indicator’ and ’categorical’ variables. Coding and analysis should be considered at design time: not only ’what information to collect’ but also ’how to store it’ and ’how to use it’. This is particularly true with web-based surveys using HTML forms, since the data can be stored automatically without the intermediate step of transcribing the answers from paper questionnaires into the computer. Getting a relevant graphical view of the data is often essential, since the human eye is a powerful analytical tool. The help files that come with statistical analysis applications explain particular techniques, but the importance of coding is often obscured by the description.
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Bennett, Devon, Hamid Jahankhani, Mohammad Dastbaz, and Hossein Jahankhani. "A Secure Hybrid Network Solution to Enhance the Resilience of the UK Government National Critical Infrastructure TETRA Deployment." In Privacy Solutions and Security Frameworks in Information Protection, 1–14. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2050-6.ch001.
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In developed economies, electronic communication infrastructures are crucial for daily public, private, and business interactions. Cellular systems are extensively used for business communications, private interaction, and in some cases, public information services, via such uses as mass SMS messaging. The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) is at the core of all communications platforms. It was used primarily for voice communication purposes, but with current technological advances, this platform has been transformed from a voice to voice interface to a web enabled multimedia platform that provides commercial, business, and e-commerce services to the public. In response to the September 11, 2001, terrorist acts in New York City, the UK government introduced a policy of separating and transferring all emergency communication traffic from the PSTN to a digital public safety network based on the TETRA architecture. This paper extends the utilisation of the TETRA deployment by discussing a secure MANET hybrid solution for use in extreme situations as a short/mid-term EMS organisational communication platform for emergency and rescue operations.
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Silke Noa, Elrifai. "Part 2 National and Regional Reports, Part 2.2 Asia: Coordinated by Yuko Nishitani and Béligh Elbalti, 34 Qatar: Qatari Perspectives on the Hague Principles." In Choice of Law in International Commercial Contracts. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198840107.003.0034.
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This chapter addresses Qatari perspectives on the Hague Principles. The State of Qatar has two legal frameworks: the onshore civil law system and the offshore common law-based the Qatar Financial Centre, established in 2005 and not covered in this chapter. In onshore Qatar, private international law is codified in Articles 10–38 of Subchapter 3 (conflict of laws in space) of Chapter 1 of the Qatar Civil Code (Federal Law No 22 of 2004). In comparison to its European counterparts, the Qatari private international law codification contains significant gaps. Though only promulgated in 2004, Articles 10–38 are near copies of the conflict of law rules contained in the Egyptian Civil Code of 1949, with a few differences. In accordance with Article 34 Civil Code, ‘the [general] principles of private international law’ shall apply in the case of a conflict of laws absent any statutory provision. The provision opens the doors for Qatari courts to refer to the Hague Principles.
Conference papers on the topic "Based On The 2005 National Electric Code"
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Haure, J. M. "RCCE-E 2005 Creator of Confidence Between Nuclear Safety Authority, Owner, and Suppliers." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-30369.
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The paper deals with the design rules included in the RCCE code applicable to electrical, and instrumentation and control systems and components contributing to safety-class functions. It is a major document in the relationships between the Owner and its suppliers and the safety authorities. The code is periodically submitted to the Nuclear Safety Authority Assessment. Initially used for the French PWR program and published by the French Society for Design and Construction rules for Nuclear Island Components (AFCEN), the code evolves to comply with third generation PWR nuclear islands and aims to comply with national regulations if needed in addition to French regulations. It gathers within one set of rules, the design and construction practices of, the electrical and I&C systems and components, and installation engineering documents. Brief presentation of some items is proposed: - Relationships between Safety Analyses Report plant system and installation engineering; - Off-site and on-site sources requirements; - Periodic tests and permanent monitoring requirements to guarantee the safety function availability; - I&C architecture and Human Machine Interfaces; - Digital I&C systems requirements; - Establishing qualification to ambience conditions, that includes normal and mild conditions and, harsh and severe accident conditions. Custom-made approach based on the families of ambience defined as a combination of equipment mission time, and normal and abnormal conditions (pressure, temperature, radiation) enabling to cope better with environmental conditions; - High and Low frequencies disturbances protections (Lightning, GSM, DECT, WiFi); - Project data used by any supplier or designer such as site data, temperature of rooms, maximum design temperature of equipment, the voltages and frequency variation range and tolerances of the alternative current and direct current electrical networks, the decoupling data of environmental conditions; - Electrical equipment separation requirements and isolation and decoupling solutions designs; - Electrical enclosures design requirements. A conclusion on the evolution of AFCEN organization in charge of comprehensive set of technical codes on the design, construction and surveillance of civil work structures, fire protection, mechanical structures, the core and fuel design, the electrical and I&C equipment and systems of PWR nuclear island.
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Tomimatsu, Minoru, Seiji Asada, Hitoshi Ohata, and Hideo Kobayashi. "Overview of the Japanese Code of Surveillance Test Program for Reactor Vessels." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93785.
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The Japan Electric Association Code, JEAC 4201, “Method of Surveillance Tests for Structural Materials of Nuclear Reactors” was originally published in 1970 so as to design a surveillance program for monitoring radiation induced changes in mechanical properties of beltline materials in light-water moderated nuclear power reactor vessels and to evaluate the test results. Recently in 2004 the code was revised, and a new method for predicting the decrease in upper shelf Charpy impact energy (USE) of beltline materials was incorporated based on the results of the research performed as a national project by the Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation. Japanese surveillance tests program, including materials selections, type of specimens, number of capsules, withdrawal schedule, and evaluation of the results, is overviewed. Furthermore, methods for predicting the decrease in USE and reference temperature shift for beltline materials are also presented.
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Tomimatsu, Minoru, Seiji Asada, Takashi Hirano, and Hideo Kobayashi. "Overview of the JEA Code of Fracture Toughness Requirements for Nuclear Power Plant Components." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93786.
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The Japan Electric Association Code, JEAC 4206, “Method of Verification Tests of the Fracture Toughness for Nuclear Power Plant Components” was originally published in 1973 in order to prescribe test methods, fracture toughness requirements and acceptance standards for materials used in nuclear power plant components. The code was recently revised so as to incorporate a new method to evaluate the structural integrity of reactor vessels with upper shelf Charpy impact energy (USE) less than 68J, based on the results of the researches performed as national projects by the Japan Power Engineering and Inspection Corporation and so on. In this paper, some contents of the code, which are applicable for reactor vessels, such as J integral based integrity evaluation method for reactor vessels with low USE including predicting J resistance curves (J-R curves) by using USE and temperature, and methods to evaluate integrity against pressurized thermal shock events and to determine pressure temperature limits, are overviewed.
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Semke, William H., Richard R. Schultz, David Dvorak, Samuel Trandem, Brian Berseth, and Matthew Lendway. "Utilizing UAV Payload Design by Undergraduate Researchers for Educational and Research Development." In ASME 2007 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2007-43620.
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An undergraduate team consisting of mechanical and electrical engineering students at the University of North Dakota developed an electro-optical and un-cooled thermal infrared digital imaging remote sensing payload for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The first iteration of the payload design began in the fall of 2005 and the inaugural flight tests took place at Camp Ripley, Minnesota, a National Guard facility, in the fall of 2006 with a corporate partner. The second iteration design with increased performance in object tracking and data processing is expected to fly in the summer of 2007. Payload development for integration into a UAV is a process that is not currently well defined by industrial practices or regulated by government. These processes are a significant part of the research being conducted in order to define the “best practices.” The emerging field of UAVs generates tremendous interest and serves to attract quality students into the research. As with many emerging technologies there are many new exciting developments, however, the fundamentals taught in core courses are still critical to the process and serve as the basis of the system. In this manner, the program stimulates innovative design while maintaining a solid connection to undergraduate courses and illustrates the importance of advanced courses. The payload development was guided by off-the-shelf components and software using a systems engineering methodology throughout the project. Many of the design and payload flight constraints were based on external factors, such as difficulties with access to airspace, weather-related delays, and ITAR restrictions on hardware. Overall, the research project continues to be a tremendous experiential learning activity for mechanical and electrical engineering students, as well as for the faculty members. The process has been extremely successful in enhancing the expertise in systems engineering and design in the students and developing the UAV payload design knowledge base and necessary infrastructure at the university.
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Wan, Ming, Wenli Shang, and Peng Zeng. "Anomaly Detection Approach based on Function Code Traffic by Using CUSUM Algorithm." In 2015 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nceece-15.2016.270.
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Li, Tingting, Bo Li, and Dechang Huang. "Design and implementation of food traceability system based on two dimensional code." In 2015 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nceece-15.2016.47.
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Hawkes, Grant, and Russell Jones. "CFD Model of a Planar Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell: Base Case and Variations." In ASME/JSME 2007 Thermal Engineering Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the ASME 2007 InterPACK Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2007-32310.
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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model has been created to model high-temperature steam electrolysis in a planar solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC). The model represents a single cell, as it would exist in an electrolysis stack. Details of the model geometry are specific to a stack that was fabricated by Ceramatec, Inc. and tested at the Idaho National Laboratory. Mass, momentum, energy, and species conservation and transport are provided via the core features of the commercial CFD code FLUENT. A solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) module adds the electrochemical reactions and loss mechanisms and computation of the electric field throughout the cell. The FLUENT SOFC user-defined subroutine was modified for this work to allow for operation in the SOEC mode. Model results provide detailed profiles of temperature, Nernst potential, operating potential, activation over-potential, anode-side gas composition, cathode-side gas composition, current density and hydrogen production over a range of stack operating conditions. Mean model results are shown to compare favorably with experimental results obtained from an actual ten-cell stack tested at INL. Mean per-cell area-specific-resistance (ASR) values decrease with increasing current density, consistent with experimental data. Predicted mean outlet hydrogen and steam concentrations vary linearly with current density, as expected. Effects of variations in operating temperature, gas flow rate, cathode and anode exchange current density, and contact resistance from the base case are presented. Discussion of thermal neutral voltage, enthalpy of reaction, hydrogen production, cell thermal efficiency, cell electrical efficiency, and Gibbs free energy are discussed and reported herein.
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Jun, Hu. "A parallel HEVC encoder scheme based on Multi-core platform." In 2015 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nceece-15.2016.74.
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Zhang, Yuling, and Wenwei He. "Cooperative Communication in Clustered Wireless Sensor Network Based on LDPC Codes." In 2015 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/nceece-15.2016.203.
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Widiyanto, Anugerah, Seizo Kato, and Naoki Maruyama. "Optimizing Selection of Appropriate Power Generation Systems in Indonesia by Using Distance Based Approach Method." In 2002 International Joint Power Generation Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ijpgc2002-26167.
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A deterministic quantitative model has been developed for use to compare the technical, economical and environment feature of various electric power generating plants. The model, which is based on matrix operations, is used in evaluating the various aspects of energy sources available for the electricity generation systems in a developing country. Several energy sources are chosen which could be considered for production of electricity to meet current and future electricity demands. A complete set of energy sources will include fossil fuel fired power plants, nuclear power plants, and natural-renewable energy power plants. A customized computer code is developed to evaluate the overall function for each system from the performance corresponding to the selected energy attributes includes five area of concerns; energy economy, energy security, environmental protection, socio-economic development and technological aspects for the electric power generations. The model developed in this study is applied to the Indonesian’s electric power sector development. Most of the data required for the model application are obtained from various sources related to power industry in Indonesia, such as the Electricity Generating Authority of Indonesia (Perusahaan Listrik Negara, PLN), Government of Indonesia, World Bank, Asian Development Bank, United Nations, and other sources, both in published and public domains. The optimization technique is kept flexible so that it can accommodate other attributes that will be found to be important according to the decision maker’s preference. By so doing, the model virtually can be used to attack any decision problem with various different attributes to reach an optimal decision concerning the selection of energy sources for electricity generation. The result of this study will be a rank of energy sources for Indonesia power generation systems based on the composite distance of each alternative to the designated optimal source of energy.