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1
Peihani, Maziar. "Basel committee on banking supervision : a post-crisis analysis of governance and accountability." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/51489.
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The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) was established in 1974 as an informal group of central bankers and bank supervisors with the mandate to formulate supervisory standards and guidelines. Although the Committee does not have any formal supranational authority, it is the de facto global banking regulator and its recommendations have been widely implemented by member and non-member states. This thesis investigates the BCBS’s governance, operation, and policy outcomes to determine the extent to which it is and has been legitimate. The point of departure for my analysis is the literature on legitimacy in law, political science, and international relations. In particular, I draw upon Global Administrative Law theory (GAL) to examine the BCBS’s legitimacy against three principles: reasoned decision making, transparency, and accountability. My analysis is guided by five overarching questions: 1) Does the BCBS give reasons for its decisions? 2) Are the Committee’s governance and decision-making procedures transparent? 3) How and by what means does the BCBS consult the public in its policy-making process? 4) How and by whom is the Committee’s performance monitored? 5) Has the BCBS taken adequate measures to corrective measures to address the regulatory failures that contributed to the Global Financial Crisis (GFC)? I argue that the BCBS has gradually become a more legitimate institution but there still exists significant room for improvement. Inadequate disclosure on the BCBS’s deliberations, inadequacy and dilution of the post-crisis regulatory reforms, the underrepresentation of those constituencies without business interest or insufficient financial resources in BCBS consultations, and the absence of meaningful oversight of the BCBS’s policies, are among the areas I highlight for reform. I set out policy prescriptions to enhance the BCBS’s legitimacy, including the establishment of a new framework for transparency; creation of a proxy advocate to participate on behalf of underrepresented constituencies in the BCBS’s policy making; and the establishment of a new body to exercise active oversight of the BCBS’s operations.Law, Faculty of
Graduate
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Gonzalez-Watty, Andres. "The quest for accountability in transnational regulatory networks : the case of the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e1c06b02-c0b2-455e-b443-dc1abe9b6c0e.
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This thesis focuses on the search for accountability processes related to the standard setting powers of a transnational regulatory network that operates in the highly complex and uncertain environment of global finance: the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS). The thesis draws upon and builds on two main resources: the academic literature from international law, political science, international relations and public administration about the concept of accountability and- as a theoretical framework - Niklas Luhmann's idea of communication which suggests that communication is a selection process rather than a process of transmission. In this selection process the idea of meaning in the sense of a common understanding is paramount. The analysis focuses on the key milestones of the Basel Committee's work: the Concordat, as well as the Basel I, Basel II and Basel III accords. The thesis also draws on a qualitative original data set compiled by the author, made up of extracts of discussions of the Basel Committee's work in the international financial journalistic press. Additionally, official documents and press releases from the BCBS were coded by classifying them into common themes (such as minimum capital standards or the delay on the implementation timetable of Basel III) and the thesis' analysis assessed whether they formed part of an accountability process (i.e., whether they asked for an account, responded to an accountability claim, judged an accountability claim and referred to which consequences should follow the judgement). On the basis of this thematic analysis the thesis identifies five accountability processes in relation to the work of the Basel Committee based on communication. These revolve around the standards for minimum capital requirements in Basel II, the standards for debt exposures of banks lending to small and medium size enterprises, the over complexity of the Basel III accord, the alleged detrimental effects of the Basel accord for US banks, and the delay in the schedule to implement Basel III. Drawing on Luhmann's ideas about communicative events, the thesis develops a novel account of communicative accountability that explains accountability as the decentred and flexible communicative interaction between an accountor and an accountee whose communications have to resonate with an epistemic community. This epistemic community plays the role of a social system in which expectations about the exercise of regulatory powers of the Basel Committee are managed. The thesis argues that this process of communicative accountability can be empirically traced and that it is significantly facilitated by reliance on a shared language and expertise of a common professional community to which both the Basel Committee and a wider professional community belong to. The thesis argues that while the concept of communicative accountability developed through the research can be used to identify processes which seek to render TRNs like the BCBS accountable, these processes may also lack sufficient legitimacy, in the sense of formal power from a recognized source such as a state or an international organization underpinning these accountability processes. Increased legitimacy matters because it would enhance certainty in an accountability process and therefore, help to identify more clearly the legitimate accountor and to uphold his or her authority to ask for the account. Hence, as a whole, this thesis contributes towards the quest for alternative ways of understanding and improving accountability mechanisms in relation to the exercise of regulatory powers by globalized regulatory institutions in a transnational sphere such as the BCBS.
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Walker, George Alexander. "International banking supervision : a critical examination of the Basle Committee framework." Thesis, University of London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252484.
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Zhou, Zhongfei. "Reforming the Chinese foreign banking law in the context of international supervisory standard convergence." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326166.
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This doctoral dissertation deals generally with the reform of the Chinese (Mainland) foreign banking law in the context of the international convergence of supervisory standards. The starting premise is that the current foreign banking laws are out of line with international supervisory standards and practices in various fundamental respects. Moreover, the Chinese legislators and bank supervisors lack a meaningful appreciation and practical cultivation of commonly accepted supervisory values. These realities have underscored the importance of overhauling the foreign banking laws. The overarching thesis of this dissertation is that for China to develop a viable and modern banking system, it will need to develop and to implant a suitable legal infrastructure consistent with emerging international supervisory standards and with WTO requirements and aspirations for financial sector liberalization. On this vein, I propose a set of reforms that would create a legal environment for competitive equality between foreign banks, while at the same time protecting the "safety and soundness" of the Chinese banking system. I start by looking at the entry of foreign banks into the Chinese market. My major proposal, in this respect, is that the Chinese foreign banking law should clearly specify mandatory and discretionary licensing criteria. Since the licensing of a foreign bank is a process of mutual cooperation between Chinese and foreign supervisors, I recommend that the foreign banking law should incorporate into the licensing process the negotiation of a supervisory agreement between Chinese and foreign supervisors. I then examine the on-going regulation of foreign banks. In this respect, I propose that foreign banks should have autonomy to determine the adequacy of capital, liquidity and provisioning, although some quantitative prescriptions are still necessary. I suggest further that the foreign banking law should introduce risk-focused supervision. I also propose that bank supervisors should play an important role in ensuring that foreign banks establish sound bank management and public disclosure. Finally, I consider foreign bank crisis management. I propose that the Chinese foreign banking law should establish a joint responsibility of China and foreign countries on "lending of last resort" functions. Foreign banks should be required to participate in China's or their own countries' deposit insurance schemes. I also advocate a rule-based approach to foreign bank failure resolution in order to reduce traditional strong political pressure on the Chinese supervisors when they deal with bank failures. In sum, this dissertation conducts a critical examination of the current Chinese foreign banking laws vis-a-vis an analysis of compatibility with international standards and practices. The end result of this research is a number of considered recommendations for legal reform that I think should improve significantly the CUlJ'ent Chinese foreign banking laws.
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Norton, J. J. "International bank supervisory standards : the case of the Basle Committee and capital adequacy standards." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241301.
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Terblanché, Janet René. "Legal risk and compliance risk in the banking industry in South Africa / J.R. Terblanché." Thesis, North-West University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/9705.
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The Basel Committee on Banking Supervision has defined operational risk, legal risk and compliance risk. However, the definitions might not be adequate for countries with a hybrid legal system, such as South Africa. This study aims to provide a practical solution to the problems faced by countries with a hybrid legal system wishing to comply with the Basel Committee’s standards. It is argued that compliance, compliance risk and regulatory risk should all be viewed as constituent components of legal risk, and in turn necessarily also of operational risk in a hybrid legal system. Legal risk is a wide concept which includes all aspects of a legal system, while compliance risk is a narrower concept which only includes the codified aspects of a legal system. Legal risk therefore includes compliance risk. However, the opposite is not true as compliance risk does not include legal risk, and the two concepts are decidedly shown not to be synonymous in a mixed legal system.Thesis (PhD (Law))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2013.
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Chadwick, Warren. "A study of the New Basel Capital Accord and its impact on South Africa and other emerging markets." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52710.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The new Basel Capital Accord is intended to align capital adequacy of banks more closely with the key components of banking risk and to provide incentives for banks to improve their risk measurement and management capabilities. This has important implications for banks, particularly in the area of credit risk management. The purpose of this study is to take an in-depth look at the implications for banks in the area of credit risk management and the choice of approach (i.e. standardised versus internal ratings based approach) to be adopted. These changes in approach to credit risk will have broader economic implications and the study will in its final analysis explore these in the context of South Africa, as an emerging market. The study is split into three sections: Section A • Introduction and background to the New Basel Capital Accord; • Detailed overview on the New Basel Capital Accord with a particular emphasis on the internal ratings based approach to calculating minimum capital. Section B An in-depth discussion of credit risk management and the practical implications of moving towards an internal ratings based approach, which will eventually allow banks to take on a full portfolio approach to credit risk management. This will enable banks to manage credit risk across sub-portfolios and set economic capital based on the portfolio loss distribution of the banks entire lending book. This is an extremely important development in credit risk management and as a consequence is covered in some detail. The adoption of an internal ratings based approach offers significant rewards in the form of lower statutory capital. A profile of the current capitalisation of SA banks is provided followed by the likely effect of the standardised versus the internal ratings based approach to credit risk management, on the minimum level of statutory capital of banks. Section C The final section covers the envisaged macro effects of the New Accord on emerging markets (procyclical trends, lending concentrations, foreign capital flows and bank failures) with specific comment provided on the implications for the SA banking environment and economy. In conclusion, South African banks should as a priority move towards an internal ratings based approach to credit risk management in order to benefit from the lower statutory requirements, which accrue in the advanced phase. While the accord is likely to impact significantly on emerging markets, South Africa fortunately has a sophisticated banking system by international standards, making the adoption of an internal ratings based approach by the larger SA banks inevitable. The benefits for smaller banks are questionable and at this stage they are unlikely to move beyond the standardised approach, unless compelled to do so.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die "New Basel Capital Accord" het ten doel om die kapitaal vereistes neergelê vir banke meer in lyn te bring met die risiko komponent gekoppel bankwese. Dit hou 'n belangrike implikasie vir banke in en verskaf voorts ook 'n dryfveer vir banke om die bestuur van krediet risiko en algehele bestuursvaardighede te verbeter. In hierdie studie word 'n indiepte ondersoek onderneem aangaande die implikasie op banke van krediet risiko-bestuur en die keuse van die benadering wat gevolg word. Hierdie veranderings in die benadering (dws.standard teenoor interne-graderings benadering) tot krediet risiko hou breër ekonomiese implikasies vir banke in. Hierdie ekonomiese implikasies op SA as 'n ontwikkelende mark word in die finale analise ondersoek. Die studie kan in drie afdelings verdeel word: Afdeling A: • Inleiding en agtergrond tot die "New Basel Capital Accord" en • 'n Gedetaileerde oorsig van die "New Basel Capital Accord" met spesifieke verwysing na die interne-graderings benadering om die minimum vereiste kapitaal te bepaal. Afdeling B: Hierdie afdeling ondersoek krediet risiko bestuur en die praktiese implikasies van die aanvaarding/instelling van 'n interne graderings benadering, en die effek wat dit sal hê op 'n totale portefeulje benadering tot krediet risiko. Die gevolg is dat banke krediet risiko oor sub-portefeuljes sal kan bestuur en kapitaal vlakke vasstel gebaseer op verwagte portefeulje verliese. Hierdie is 'n belangrike ontwikkeling in krediet risiko bestuur en word vervolgens in diepte behandel. Die aanvaarding van 'n interne-graderings benadering tot gradering hou voordele in vir banke in die vorm van laer statutêre kapitaal vereistes. 'n Profiel van die kapitalisasie van SA banke word verskaf, gevolg deur die verskil in die effek van die standaard benadering tot die interne graderings benadering op krediet risiko bestuur en die vereiste minimum statutêre kapitaal. Afdeling C: Die finale afdeling ondersoek die beoogde makro ekonomiese effek van die "New basel capital Accord" op ontwikkelende marke (pro-sikliese neiging, lenings konsentrasies en bank mislukkings) met spesifieke verwysing na die implikasies op SA bankwese en ekonomie. Ter afsluiting moet SA banke so spoedig moontlik die interne-graderings benadering tot krediet risiko aanvaar om voordeel te trek uit die laer kapitaal vereistes wat "ophoop in die gevorderde stadium." Daar word verwag dat die "New Basel Capital Accord" 'n wesenlike invloed op die ontwikkelende mark sal hê. SA het egter 'n gesofistikeerde en gevestigde bankstelsel wat goed vergelyk met internasionale standaarde. Die aanvaarding van 'n interne-graderings benadering deur die die groter SA banke is onafwendbaar. Die voordele wat dit vir kleiner banke inhou kan bevraagteken word en is op hierdie stadium onwaarskynlik dat so 'n benadering deur hulle geïmplimenteer sal word.
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Al-Anani, Nadia A. "Evaluation of the impact of international standards set by the Basle Committee On Banking Supervision on Jordanian law." Thesis, Durham University, 2009. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/2150/.
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Formulating international standards on banking supervision is one of the most important topics of international financial law. The recent international financial crisis is another striking example on the significance and relevance of this subject. This thesis attempts to evaluate the impact of international standards of banking supervision aimed at the creation of a "safe and sound" banking system on Jordanian legislation at two levels: to what extent international standards set out by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision ("BCBS") have influenced Jordanian law; and how these standards can assist in improving the Jordanian law as well as direct new policy reforms. The first finding of the thesis is that Jordanian law is significantly compliant with international standards. The second main finding is that soft law, as opposed to hard law, is the optimal form of setting international banking supervisory standards. The thesis also finds that the BCBS standards do not provide adequate guidance on the structure of the banking supervisory authority. The thesis concludes with recommendations on how to enhance international banking supervisory standards as well as the structure and substantive law of banking supervision in Jordan in light of international standards and with occasional reference to the UK Law.
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Randhawa, Tarlochan Singh. "Incorporating Data Governance Frameworks in the Financial Industry." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6478.
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Data governance frameworks are critical to reducing operational costs and risks in the financial industry. Corporate data managers face challenges when implementing data governance frameworks. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore the strategies that successful corporate data managers in some banks in the United States used to implement data governance frameworks to reduce operational costs and risks. The participants were 7 corporate data managers from 3 banks in North Carolina and New York. Servant leadership theory provided the conceptual framework for the study. Methodological triangulation involved assessment of nonconfidential bank documentation on the data governance framework, Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's standard 239 compliance documents, and semistructured interview transcripts. Data were analyzed using Yin's 5-step thematic data analysis technique. Five major themes emerged: leadership role in data governance frameworks to reduce risk and cost, data governance strategies and procedures, accuracy and security of data, establishment of a data office, and leadership commitment at the organizational level. The results of the study may lead to positive social change by supporting approaches to help banks maintain reliable and accurate data as well as reduce data breaches and misuse of consumer data. The availability of accurate data may enable corporate bank managers to make informed lending decisions to benefit consumers.
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Sarai, Leandro. "Análise jurídica das medidas prudenciais preventivas no âmbito do sistema financeiro nacional." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1117.
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Previous issue date: 2014-02-14Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The actual stage of capitalism is characterized by financialization of economy. This fact associated to the importance which financial institutions already had in the financial system strengthens their relevance at the same time that attract a lot of issues about the appropriated treatment they have receipt in order to continue in a normal operation and, in the eventual and natural crisis, the manner to reduce its negative effects and to contain the contagion. The universal character of the financial activity struggles with the local nature of sovereignty, which controls money and the operations of the institution in its territory. An international consensus leads to a pursuit for convergence in financial regulation, in order to avoid regulatory arbitrage and competitive problems, what is shown manly through the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision recommendations. Among these recommendations, there are the Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision, which, in its turn, supports the need of flexible and quick instruments to supervisors adopt prompt measures to maintain the institution of the financial system operating in a prudential manner at the same time that these measures intend to avoid situation in what a special regime be the only alternative, with the problems associated with it. These are the preventive prudential measures, which will be analyzed in this dissertation, according to Brazilian law.
A fase presente do capitalismo é caracterizada pela financeirização da economia. Esse fato somado à importância que as instituições financeiras já possuíam no sistema financeiro reforça sua relevância ao mesmo tempo em que atrai uma série de preocupações com o tratamento apropriado que devem receber para que se mantenham em adequado funcionamento e para que, nas eventuais e naturais crises, sejam minoradas as consequências danosas e contidos o efeito de contágio. O caráter universal da atividade financeira se choca com a natureza local da soberania que controla em seu limitado território a moeda e o funcionamento das instituições. Um consenso internacional surge para buscar uma convergência na regulação dessa atividade, de modo a evitar arbitragem regulatória e problemas concorrenciais, o que se vê principalmente pelas recomendações oriundas do Comitê de Basileia de Supervisão Bancária. Entre essas recomendações, encontram-se os Princípios Básicos para uma Supervisão Bancária Eficaz, que, por sua vez, pregam a necessidade de instrumentos flexíveis e ágeis para as autoridades supervisoras adotarem prontas medidas para que as instituições do sistema financeiro se mantenham dentro dos limites prudenciais, com o intuito de evitar situações em que a decretação de um regime especial seja a única alternativa, com os males que lhe são inerentes. Essas são as medidas prudenciais preventivas, cuja análise, sob o ponto de vista jurídico, será realizada no presente trabalho.
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Mikolayczyk, Rolf-Peter. "Banking Regulation in the US and Basel III." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6874/.
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Zou, Yasheng. "Basel III and Its Implementation in China’s Banking Industry." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6867/.
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1. Introduction
2. Analysis of implementation of the Basel III in China
2.1 Implementation of capital adequacy rules
2.2 Implementation of leverage ratio rules
2.3 Implementation of liquidity management rules
3. Suggestions for further development of China’s banking industry
3.1 Promoting capital structure adjustment and broadening capital supplement channels
3.2 Transforming business models and developing intermediary and off-balance business
3.3 Increasing the intensity of risk management and refining its standards
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Johansson, Emilia. "Basel III : A study of Basel III and whether it may protect against new banking failures." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18506.
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The financial crisis of 2007 until today affected the banking industry to a large extent. Many banks failed or got bailed out by governments. To protect against banking failures and new financial crises the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) has reviewed, renewed and extended the banking regulations. The result is a framework for banking regulations called Basel III. This study examines the Basel III framework and its potential effect on protecting the banks. The study answers the question: if Basel III may protect against new banking failures. The study has used a qualitative approach. The theoretical framework has been built up by the use of the literature review. Literature has mainly been found by use of the university library’s online databases. For the empirical results interviews were made with banks and supervisors from Sweden and from Finland to see their view on the emerging framework. The views of supervisors and banks are that Basel III should have tougher requirements than it now has. The capital requirements are seen as too low and the risk-weights are criticized not to reflect the reality. Supervisors are still positive and believe that Basel III will give a better protection, but it will not fully protect against failures. Banks have a similar view, some are positive and believe that it will give a better protection while others do not think it will protect against failures any better.
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Miškovič, Branislav. "Regulation of banks under Basel frameworks." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-71940.
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This diploma thesis provides a high-level overview of banking regulation under the general rules of the Basel agreements that are followed in almost every international bank globally. The introductory part of this paper is devoted to the fundamental purpose of regulation and explains the risks banks are exposed to. The following chapters outline the evolution of banking regulation as agreed by the Basel committee, explain the various capital adequacy frameworks, risk measurement methodologies and look into the proposed future developments in the regulatory area, including ex-post (Basel I, II) and ex-ante analysis of the practical impacts on banks. The final part of this diploma work is focused on actual real world application of the Basel II rules in a banking organization, precisely Barclays Capital, the investment banking arm of Barclays Plc. headquartered in London, UK and regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSA).
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Feunteun, Catherine. "Instruments hybrides et Accords de Bâle." Thesis, Paris 2, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA020051.
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Le Comité de Bâle a édicté, sous l’influence des États-Unis d’Amérique, une réglementation des fonds propres, et notamment des instruments hybrides, destinée à préserver la solvabilité des banques internationales, et ainsi à éviter toute crise financière systémique. Cependant une telle régulation ne paraît pas de nature à garantir la stabilité financière. Le Comité de Bâle, dont la légitimité est fortement affaiblie, produit, sous l’influence abusive et exclusive des grandes banques internationales, des normes complexes. Les instruments hybrides qui en sont issus, de par leur forte complexité, affaiblissent dangereusement la solvabilité des banques. Pour garantir l’efficacité de la régulation, il convient en premier lieu de renforcer la gouvernance du Comité de Bâle. En second lieu, une meilleure identification et qualification des instruments hybrides s’impose afin d’atteindre le juste point d’équilibre entre la protection de la stabilité financière et la préservation des intérêts privésThe Basel Committee has developed, under american influence, capital requirements, including hybrid securities, to preserve the solvency of international banks and thus avoid the occurrence of systemic financial crises. However, such regulation does not appear to be effective enough to protect financial stability. The Basel Committee, whose legitimacy is greatly weakened, produces complex standards under the abusive and exclusive influence of the major international banks. The hybrid securities resulting from them are, because of their high complexity, harmful to the solvency of banks. To achieve more effective regulation, the governance of the Basel Committee should be strengthened. On the in other hand, a better identification and qualification of hybrid securities will be proposed in order to achieve a more balanced regulation between the protection of financial stability and the preservation of private interests
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Kubíček, Antonín. "Basel II vs. Basel III a vliv nové regulace na české bankovnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-116267.
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The aims of this thesis are twofold. Firstly, it aims to analyse the new regulatory rules BASEL III, published in December 2010. These were created as a lesson from the previous crisis and following the developments occurring problem areas included in the regulatory rules Basel II. And secondly, it evaluates their impact on the Czech Banking Sector. Regulatory rules BASEL III contain large number of rules aimed at enhancing the quality, quantity and flexibility of regulatory equity capital, reducing the cyclicality of capital requirements, stricter capital requirements for certain risky assets, intensifying surveillance in terms of significantly important financial institutions and international standards of liquidity. Apart from adjustment of the rules that appear in the Basel II, the regulatory rules Basel III also include rules used for the first time. The analysis of the impact on the Czech banking sector is based on the assumption that the Czech banking sector is well equipped with capital and the impact of BASEL III will therefore not have any significant impact on the functioning of Czech banks. This thesis shows that the impacts depend on the size of the banking institutions. A selected sample of six Czech banks (two from each group of large, medium and small banks) is used, inter alia, to demonstrate this.
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Bergess, Kristina. "Impacts and Implementation of the Basel Accords: Contrasting Argentina, Brazil, and Chile." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/310.
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This thesis explores the impacts of implementing the Basel Accords on the stability of the banking sector and greater economy, and will particularly focus on Basel II. This study contrasts three Latin American governments that have implemented the Basel Accords. Because Chile's and Brazil's banking sectors have been more successful in implementing the Basel Accords, they will be used as model cases to provide the context to analyze Argentina’s banking sector. The results of this thesis reveal that in order for Argentina to stabilize its banking sector and become a stronger international financial player, it must not only improve the implementation of the Basel Accords, but also simultaneously address discrepancies in political agendas and its banking structure.
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Sadien, Ebrahim. "The impact of the change from Basel II to Basel III on the profitability of the South African banking sector." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27387.
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The objective of this study is to analyse the impact of the change from Basel II to Basel III on the profitability of the South African banking sector. South African banks are regulated in accordance with the Basel Accords and, as such, this study reviews the literature on bank regulation and specifically the evolution of the Basel Accords. The 2008 global financial crisis exposed certain flaws in the global regulatory framework and paved the way for the introduction of Basel III, of which South Africa commenced implementation on 1 January 2013. As mentioned, the review of banking regulation literature will specifically focus on the changes from Basel II to Basel III, with a further focus on two of the key changes introduced by Basel III: the capital requirement amendments and the new liquidity ratios. The study examines the top five banks in South Africa, as these make up 91.1% of the industry's banking assets (as of December 2012). The top five banks are used to create a representative bank of the South African banking sector and an accounting model is performed using a DuPont analysis in order to measure profitability. With respect to the Basel III capital changes, the results show that a 2% increase in capital by increasing the equity-to-asset ratio and all else held equal will result in a decrease of 0.29% in return on equity (ROE) for the South African banking sector. With respect to the Basel III liquidity measures, a 25 basis decrease in maturity transformation, all else held equal, will translate into a 3.38% decrease in ROE. The study contributes to the recent literature on Basel III and profitability. The results will also benefit the South African banking industry and regulators when assessing the profitability impact of the new Basel regulations.
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Silva, Jonathan Coelho Brum da. "The tight grip of a debt based global economy: A study on banking regulation and the implementation of the Basel II Accord in Portugal." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/10321.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Management from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsIn our current state of events, namely in the aftermath of the crisis of 2008, we are witnesses of how quickly and widely the consequences of risky banking activities spread and contaminate the remaining sectors of the economy. Therefore it is necessary to analyze how the banking industry is currently regulated and what changes are needed in order to make it more stable and reliable, thus avoiding similar crisis in the future. This Work Project contributes to the literature on this subject but most importantly its purpose is to spark critical thinking and action on these subjects leading, hopefully, to improvements to the underlying economic system.
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Rodrigues, Dinis Ribeiro Leocádio Geraldes. "Basel III: The impact of an increase in regulation in a recession framework." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9848.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis work project aims to assess the impact of Basel III’s proposal in the Portuguese banking sector, a sector experiencing particularly difficult times in a distressed country. The industry is represented by its three largest quoted banking groups, two of them under government intervention. The impact is evaluated through the estimation of the banks’ capital ratios through Basel III’s expected implementation calendar, through the analysis of the banks’ capital needs based on their publicly available information and industry research. The impact will vary depending on the bank; on average, it will result in a decrease in banks’ excess capital. Banks will have difficulties to comply if state-owned CoCos are not considered part of regulatory capital. The new standards will penalize those banks with a recent history of poor performance, and decrease the difference between regulatory and equity capital.
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Atbani, Fasial. "Financial Risks in Islamic Banking System and regulatory Role of the New Basel Accord." Thesis, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498533.
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HLEBIK, SVIATLANA. "BASEL III GLOBAL LIQUIDITY RISK REGULATION FOR BANKING SYSTEMS AND THE ECB QUANTITATIVE POLICY." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/12570.
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Questa tesi analizza un tema fondamentale e nello stesso tempo controverso: il rischio di liquidità che, dopo la crisi del 2007-2008, sta diventato sempre più importante. Le banche centrali forniscono la liquidità necessaria per ridurre la probabilità di un collasso del sistema finanziario, utilizzando una vasta gamma di strumenti. La tesi in oggetto propone un’analisi della politica quantitativa della Banca Centrale Europea: un’analisi in cui sono state considerate le condizioni di mercato e la loro coerenza con la domanda di liquidità da parte del sistema bancario.
Il quadro normativo internazionale Basilea III ha introdotto nuove regole per la gestione del rischio di liquidità. Questo lavoro presenta una serie di azioni che possono essere applicate per migliorare le capacità di gestione del rischio di liquidità della banca stessa. Applicando al processo decisionale il metodo della simulazione, è stata utilizzata un'analisi di sensitività per determinare l'impatto delle decisioni manageriali sull’indice di liquidità.
Questa tesi mette in evidenza l'importanza del rischio di liquidità e presenta l'analisi empirica che ha permesso l'indagine della relazione che intercorre tra il nuovo requisito introdotto dal Basilea in materia di liquidità (NSFR) e la stabilità del sistema bancario, i fattori macroeconomici e dei mercati finanziari, e le operazioni della banca centrale.This thesis focuses on a crucial and controversial issue - liquidity risk. After the 2007-2008 crisis it became increasingly important. The Central Banks provide required liquidity to minimise the probability of a financial system meltdown by using a wide array of instruments. This thesis proposes an analyses of the European Central Bank quantitative policy, market conditions in which these measures have been taken, and their consistency with the demand for liquidity by the banking system. The Basel III international regulatory framework introduced new liquidity regulations for managing liquidity risk. This study introduces a number of actions that can be performed to improve a bank’s liquidity risk management capabilities. By applying the simulation-based approach to decision making, a sensitivity analysis was used to determine the impact of managerial rulings on liquidity ratio. The present work highlights the importance of the liquidity risk and presents the empirical analysis that allowed the exploration of the relationship between the Basel’s new liquidity requirement (NSFR) and banking stability, macroeconomic and financial markets factors, and central bank operations.
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Sandström, Sara, and Valentina Nunez. "Implementeringen av Basel II-regelverket i Sverige : En jämförande studie över svenska storbankers kapitaltäckning." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-18819.
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Problem and purpose: The authors were interested in studying how large Swedish banks managed liquidity risks when facing the financial crisis of 2008 and whether the implementation of Basel II framework had an impact on the major Swedish banks' capital adequacy. Furthermore, the authors intend to examine how, based on the analysis of the implementation of Basel II, the introduction of Basel III will affect major Swedish banks' liquidity in the future. Method: The essay is written from a quantitative approach and has a deductive perspective. Data was collected from the annual reports of the selected banks to later use relevant theories to analyze the work. Theory: This part of the essay presents relevant theories, a detailed description of the Basel regulatory framework and its requirements, rules for capital adequacy and to relevant key to achieve the Basel regulatory requirements are considered. Furthermore the authors present criticism of the Basel framework and a summary of the key theoretical points to be used for analyzing empirical data. Empirical: In this chapter the data collected from selected banks is presented and processed. Conclusion: The essay authors present the deficiencies and weaknesses that make the Basel II regulatory framework inadequate for the Swedish financial market. Essay authors also present their opinions regarding how the latest form of the Basel regulations could have a more significant influence on the long-term stability of Swedish banks and how this may increase protection against potential liquidity risks.
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Zilberman, Roy. "Essays on banking regulation, macroeconomic dynamics and financial volatility." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/essays-on-banking-regulation-macroeconomic-dynamics-and-financial-volatility(723b6684-147b-43ac-a618-a4dfab94e00f).html.
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The recent global financial crisis of 2007-2009 and the subsequent recession have prompted renewed interest into how banking regulation and fluctuations in the financial sector impact the business cycle. Using three different model setups, this thesis promotes a further understanding and identification of the various transmission channels through which regulatory changes and volatility in the financial system link to the real economy. Chapter 1 examines the effects of bank capital requirements in a simple macroeconomic model with credit market frictions. A bank capital channel is introduced through a monitoring incentive effect of bank capital buffers on the repayment probability, which affects the loan rate behaviour via the risk premium. We also identify a collateral channel, which mitigates moral hazard behaviour by firms, and therefore raises their repayment probability. Basel I and Basel II regulatory regimes are then defined, with a distinction made between the Standardized and Foundation Internal Ratings Based (IRB) approaches of Basel II. We analyse the role of the bank capital and collateral channels in the transmission of supply shocks, and show that depending on the strength of these channels, the loan rate can either amplify or mitigate the effects of productivity shocks. Finally, the impact of the two channels also determines which of the regulatory regimes is most procyclical. Chapter 2 studies the interactions between bank capital regulation and the real business cycle in a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) framework with financial frictions, along with endogenous risk of default at the firm and bank capital levels. We show that in a model which accounts for bank capital risk and regulatory requirements, the endogenous risk of default produces an accelerator effect and impacts the loan rate and the real economy through multiple channels. Furthermore, the simulations illustrate that a risk sensitive regulatory regime (Basel II) amplifies the response of macroeconomic and financial variables following supply, monetary and financial shocks, with the strength of the key transmission channels depending on the nature of the shock. The impact of higher regulatory requirements (as proposed under Basel III) is also examined and is shown to increase procyclicality in the financial system and real economy. Chapter 3 studies the interactions between loan loss provisions and business cycle fluctuations in a Dynamic Stochastic General Equilibrium (DSGE) model with credit market imperfections. With a backward-looking provisioning system, provisions are triggered by past due payments (or nonperforming loans), which, in turn, depend on current economic conditions and the loan loss reserves-loan ratio. With a forward-looking system, both past due payments and expected losses over the whole business cycle are accounted for, and provisions are smoothed over the cycle. Numerical experiments based on a parameterized version of the model show that holding more provisions can reduce the procyclicality of the financial system. However, a forward-looking provisioning regime can increase or lower procyclicality, depending on whether holding more loan loss reserves translates into a higher or lower fraction of nonperforming loans.
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Bartůsek, Michal. "A STUDY ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF NEW REGULATORY PROPOSALS ON CYCLICALITY OF CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150306.
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This work focuses on new regulatory proposals, primarily Basel III accords and analyzes its ability to create a buffer for recurrent credit bubbles. This paper follows a research made by Lis, Pagés and Saurina [2000]. Their paper has illustrated the cyclicality of loan growth and GDP growth for Spain. This cyclicality is supported by cyclical Basel II regulation. In this paper is examined the ability of new regulatory proposals such as Basel III, statistical provisions and change in the approach to the probability of default, to cope with recurrent credit bubbles. According to my critical assessment, Basel III may not be able to create sufficient capital buffer for exceptional credit bubbles such as the current one. This buffer suggested by Basel III has several drawbacks which may decrease its functionality. Statistical provision is not an appropriate measure either, because it could weaken the fair and true view of financial statements principle. Change in approach to probability of default seems to be rational and effective. The only issue may relate to its recovery mechanisms. It doesn't support economic growth in time of economic recession. The author's proposal of new countercyclical buffer, which would be based on credit-to-GDP ratio and GDP growth to loan growth gap is introduced at the end of this work. Although this measure may have negative impact on GDP growth, it may create an appropriate buffer to systematic credit risk.
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Turjaková, Anna. "Analýza nových princípov regulácie Basel III." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150059.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the development of the regulatory framework and its current state according to the latest Basel III framework. The new rules were created as a response to the financial crisis that started in 2007. The framework represents significant increase in quality, amount and transparency of the capital base in comparison with the pre-crisis situation. Basel III has both micro and macroprudential focus. The diploma thesis describes the development and shortcomings of regulatory framework that necessitated revisions of the regulatory rules over time. These rules evolve with the changes in the financial system and the way how financial risks are managed. Although the roots of financial crisis are related to the mortgage-backed securities market, the banking sector played an important role in spreading the problems. Therefore the diploma thesis will also concentrate on fundamental flaws that contributed to the financial crisis. Then the immediate corrective action taken as a response to the financial crisis are described. After that, the Basel III rules are presented in detail. The newest monitoring of the rules carried out by the Basel Committe and cost analysis carried out by IMF including evaluation based on various analyses of Basel III are presented. Basel III has addressed most of the flaws revealed in Basel II. However, some issues still remain unsolved, which can lead to future problems with the financial system stability.
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He, Wentao. "Credit market under the risk-based capital requirement." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648831.
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Siljeström, Ann-Kristin. "The effect of Basel regulation on banking profitability : A cross-country study on 16 OECD countries." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124434.
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By using Arellano and Bond GMM estimator, this paper analyzes how the regulation framework of Basel, affects the profitability level of the banking industry. The data consists of savings and commercial banks located in 16 different OECD countries over the time period from 1992 to 2009. The cross-country study, evaluates, whether increased capital requirements have a negative effect on bank profitability, meaning, if banks that keep a larger capital buffer earn a lower return or if banks that increase capital are better prepared for the financial crisis and therefore manage to get a better return. To evaluate the effect, the time period utilized is divided into a pre-crisis period (1992 to 2007), which is compared with an average over the total period (1992-2009). The measure of profitability is the return on equity and to control for business cycle fluctuations macro economic factors are included. Previous research results are scattered and indicate that decreased risk taking increases profitability, meanwhile increased regulation decreases profitability. The main findings in this paper are that Tier 1 capital and risk-weighted assets have a negative effect on profitability, whereas the capital buffer illustrates a positive effect.
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Lin, Shu-Min. "SMEs credit risk modelling for internal rating based approach in banking implementation of Basel II requirement." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/4914.
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This thesis explores the modelling for Internal Rating Based (IRB) of Credit Risk for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) as required for implementation of Basel II Accord. There has been limited previous research for this important sector of the economy. There are two major approaches: Accounting Based and Merton Type, and these are compared. To make the comparison initially a small sample is considered and simulation is used to explore the use of the two approaches. The study indicates some of the limitation of analysis for both Accounting Based and Merton Type approaches, for example the issue of colinearity for the Accounting Based approach and lack of trading of SMEs’ equity affecting the Merton Type approach. A large sample is then investigated using standard Credit Scoring approaches for the Accounting Based modelling. Different definitions of default and distress are considered to overcome the problem of low number of defaults. These approaches are found to be viable. Merton Type model is then compared to benchmark models from the Accounting Based approach. The predictions are compared over differing time horizons. It is found that Merton Type models perform well within a limited period compared to the Accounting Base approach. Overall, credit scoring models demonstrated better performance when the sample group included a considerable number of ‘Bad’ firms or cutoff point was selected so that an acceptance rate was relatively low, otherwise model’s predictive accuracy would decline. Merton model presented better predictive accuracy with higher acceptance rates. Credit scoring models was able to give early signs of default year. In addition, one may take into consideration that if the company is going to decline credit quality or raise default probability this year, Merton type models can be helpful in adjusting credit rating. When considering a loan to a company, a bank wants to know the likelihood default for duration of loan. In this sense Merton models is only useful for a relatively short loan terms.
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Popovski, Aljoša. "The bank for international settlements and the Basel supervisors' committee in international affairs : towards a theory of international institutionalisation." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615226.
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Van, der Westhuizen Michelle Daleen. "BASEL III and unsecured lending in the banking industry in South Africa : a look into the risk coverage of ABIL and Capitec Bank Holdings Limited since the introduction of BASEL III." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97289.
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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: According to Vestergaard and Wade (2012:486), “No financial or bank crisis has ever occurred from something ex-ante perceived as risky”. On the contrary – according to Per Kurowski (2010 in Vestergaard & Wade 2012:486) “they have all resulted, no exceptions, from excessive lending or investment in something perceived as not risky”. BASEL III, also known as the Third BASEL Accord, was developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) as a comprehensive set of measures to strengthen regulation and risk management and, in doing so, to reform the way in which the banking sector operated in the past (International regulatory framework for banks (Basel III), 2014). According to Zerbst (2013), Basel III was introduced as a direct result of the financial crisis that hit the United States and spread throughout the world in 2008. After the financial crisis, the financial world lost confidence in banks in general. This made the regulators wary and the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCSB) was formed. They were tasked to investigate how existing regulations could be revised to safeguard banks from landing in a similar situation. Currently, South African banks meet the minimum regulatory capital requirements introduced by Basel III. Capitec and African Bank Investments Limited (ABIL) are two prominent banks in the South African unsecured lending market. These two banks, although they seem alike, do not operate in the same way. They have different funding bases. Furthermore, unlike ABIL, Capitec does not have a furniture and appliance component (African Bank, 2014). This report aims to understand how Capitec and ABIL’s risk models measure up to what Basel III proposes banks use. The analysis in this research report will enable the reader to understand the capital structure of Capitec Ltd and ABIL better. This approach will allow for a better estimation of capital structure within the unsecured banking industry. This research report can further serve as an example of capital risk analysis for other bank executives in South Africa. A further benefit for this research is that it can be used as a case study for lecturers teaching corporate finance at academic institutions.
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Said, Fathin Faizah Binti. "Basel capital adequacy regulatory framework and monetary policy implications for the banking and corporate sectors of Malaysia." Thesis, University of Essex, 2012. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.549285.
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Sharbatly, Abdulaziz. "Risk regulation in Islamic banking : does Saudi Arabia need to adopt the risk regulation practices of Basel?" Thesis, University of Westminster, 2016. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/9zyvq/risk-regulation-in-islamic-banking-does-saudi-arabia-need-to-adopt-the-risk-regulation-practices-of-basel.
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Proponents of Islamic finance often argue that the success of Islamic banks in the UK and Malaysia during the 2007-8 Financial Crisis is proof of the proposition that all Islamic banks (IBs) are immune from sub-prime-mortgage type shocks. The implementation of Basel practices in Saudi Arabia will be very difficult and is likely through various challenges. However, it is arguable that such practices may bring about change in a substantial way in the UAE market. Thus, this thesis will discuss features of IBs in the UK and Malaysia, and discuss the areas in which the Saudi market is mired in less risk than conventional markets in the UK and Malaysia. Using a qualitative methodology, this research sought to answer the primary research question, that is, “Does Saudi Arabia Need to Adopt the Risk Regulation Practices of Basel?” To be able to accurately answer this main question, it is necessary to determine whether the standardisation of accounting practices and regulatory principles can enhance Islamic finance organisations. It is likewise necessary to determine whether the Basel framework can be internalized by Islamic financial institutions to solve issues such as the inadequate coordination of financial markets in Saudi Arabia. The research sought to consider whether legal secularisation could be reconciled with Islamic models of finance in order to standardise banking processes across jurisdictions. It is vital to discuss this research problem as it is evident that Islamic banks are, by design, “safer” than conventional banks, which take fewer risks than conventional banking systems. Its ability to withstand the 2007-8 Financial Crisis can serve as example to other banking systems to follow to prevent the debilitating effects such a crisis can provide to the global financial system and the worldwide economy as a whole. This paper also discusses inherent risks in dealing with Saudi banks caused by structural weaknesses in the Saudi economy, further caused by a lack of transparency. Research from the content analysis and literature review demonstrated that certain components of Malaysian banking and banking in the UK, including Basel Frameworks (I, II, and III) can be adopted by the Islamic financial model in order to improve the overall banking structure in Saudi Arabia. Whilst Islamic accounting standards do not need to be as rigorous as some Basel Frameworks discussed in the study, implications for positive social change in Saudi Arabia include adopting policies which specialise in clearing defining risk management and policies which focus on improving corporate governance and bolstering transparency in Saudi markets. The central argument of this research therefore, is that the incorporation of pertinent Basel components, as well as those from the Malaysia and UK banking system, into the KSA banking system, will bring about improvements to the latter’s overall banking structure.
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Schramm, Sebastian Hermann. "The impact of Basel III on European banks business models." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12331.
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As Basel III represents a true regulatory paradigm shift in many respects, this paper examines a sample of 81 European banks to detect to what extent the impact of Basel III is already perceptible on alternative business models. It finds out that there have been only minor business model adjustments due to Basel III, while the main changes between 2010 and 2013 have taken place because of other exogenous factors, such as the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. Due to long observation- and transition periods, the major business model changes as response to Basel III are still ahead.
O acordo Basel III representa, em diversos aspectos, uma verdadeira mudança no paradigma regulatório. Este trabalho examina uma amostra composta por 81 bancos europeus para detectar até que ponto o impacto do Basel III é já perceptível em modelos de negócios alternativos. Descobre-se que os ajustes nos modelos de negócios causados pelo Basel III são mínimos, enquanto que as principais mudanças entre 2010 e 2013 deveram-se a outros factores exógenos, como por exemplo a crise da dívida soberana europeia. Devido à longa observação e aos períodos de transição, as maiores mudanças nos modelos de negócios como consequência do Basel III estarão ainda para acontecer.
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Makwiramiti, Anthony Munyaradzi. "The implementation of the new capital accord (BASEL II) : a comparative study of South Africa, Switzerland, Brazil and the United States." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002717.
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The international banking environment has become potentially riskier because of the recent developments in financial services and products which have changed the way banks do their day to day business. Imposing minimum capital adequacy regulations is one way of fostering stability in the global banking system. A number of countries have started to implement the new capital adequacy rules (Basel II) following the worldwide consensus among central bankers that bank‟s capital levels should be regulated to enhance global financial stability. In this study, through the comparative analysis of the general implementation issues it was established that emerging countries apply all Basel II rules uniformly across all the banking institutions that operate in their territories. Developed countries apply these rules only to large and internationally active banks and because of the diversity of their banking industries, they also apply domestically modified rules to the domestically based banks. For the successful implementation of Basel II, properly planning, devoting bank resources and making necessary legislative amendments are prerequisites for incorporating Basel II into the regulatory framework for any country. The study concludes that the current global financial turmoil continues to pose a threat to the effectiveness of the Basel II rules which are aimed at achieving global financial stability.
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Porumb, Vlad Andrei. "Essais sur les déterminants réglementaires de la qualité des rapports en banques européennes." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CERG0796.
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Le thème central de ma thèse de doctorat est le Règlement sous de multiples formes. Plus précisément, je me concentre sur les paramètres affectés par obligatoire, facultatif ou en auto-développés le règlement. Les trois chapitres de l'actuel document utilisent comme paramètre l'industrie bancaire dans les pays de l'Union européenne (UE). Au cours de la dernière décennie, le secteur bancaire a subi plusieurs transformations de réglementation qui ont influé sur la quantité et la qualité de l'information divulguée. En outre, la récente crise financière avait les banques dans le projecteur, compte tenu de leur rôle central dans la chute des marchés.Dans le premier chapitre, "Ne Bâle II affectent le marché Évaluation des provisions pour pertes sur prêts discrétionnaires?", j'étudie l'impact de l'Accord de capitaux lI de Bâle 2008 mise en oeuvre dans l'Union européenne. Bâle II était destiné à mettre un niveau accru de transparence concernant les opérations des banques. Par conséquent, Bâle II introduit une incitation pour les banques à (1) accroître leur approvisionnement prospectives et (2) de réduire leur approvisionnement opportunistes.Dans notre établissement, Bâle II introduit des mesures d'incitation pour les gestionnaires de reconnaître moins de revenu discrétionnaire croissant des provisions pour pertes sur prêts (DLLPs). Le revenu-DLLPs croissante sont importants puisqu'ils sont reconnus dans la littérature comme surtout opportuniste. Ces conclusions sont d'une importance particulière compte tenu de l'évolution réglementaire récentes et à venir dans le secteur bancaire. Je veux parler de l'introduction des IFRS 9 en 2018 et celui de Bâle III en 2019. Nos résultats soulignent la nécessité pour la comptabilité et les autorités de réglementation bancaire de coordonner leurs efforts avec mépris à leur façon innée des objectifs différents.Pour ma deuxième chapitre, "A Bâle II induit le conservatisme a réduit le niveau de la gestion des revenus des banques de l'UE?" Bâle II réduit le pouvoir discrétionnaire des provisions qui est utilisé dans la période de pré-adoption de rapports opportunistes (à reconnaître les recettes croissantes pour atteindre les gains gestion DLLPs objectifs).Le troisième chapitre, " l'impact de la Banque de l'UE 2010 Test de stress La divulgation des résultats sur les banques " gains " gestion analyse l'impact que la divulgation de la Prospective 2010 Test de stress macroéconomique (ST) a sur le niveau des banques participantes opportuniste reporting. Plus précisément, il teste si la divulgation diminue et par conséquent l'opacité de la banque gains (établie de façon approximative par gestion et régularisation du revenu de référence pour le battre) testé les banques par rapport aux non-banques testées.Nous constatons que les banques qui entrent dans l'ère de réduire le niveau de leurs coups de référence. Dans la corroboration avec les résultats précédents, nous documentons que la divulgation de la ST réduit probablement les résultats de l'opacité des banques et gestionnaires de réduire les rapports opportunistes en raison du renforcement l'examen public. Ce document est le premier d'analyser l'impact que la divulgation de la ST Résultats a sur le niveau des gains des banques des pratiques de gestion et qu'elle ajoute à la littérature ST émergents.Dans l'ensemble, ma thèse jette de la lumière sur les questions actuelles et pertinentes qui concernent l'un des plus minutieusement examiné et critiqué les industries dans le monde. En analysant l'effet de différents ensembles de règlements sur les rapports financiers et sur l'évaluation des nombres de comptabilité, cette thèse apporte de nombreuses contributions à la littérature académique et jette de la lumière sur les effets pratiques de chevauchement des règlements dans l'UEThe central theme of my PhD thesis is regulation under multiple forms. Specifically, I focus on settings impacted by mandatory, optional or self-developed regulation. All three chapters in the current document use as setting the banking industry in countries from the European Union (EU). In the last decade, the banking industry has faced several regulatory transformations that impacted the quantity and quality of the disclosed information. Moreover, the recent financial crisis had banks in the spotlight, given their central role in the fall of the markets.In the first chapter, "Does Basel II affect the Market Valuation of Discretionary Loan Loss Provisions?", I study the impact of the 2008 Basel lI Capital Accord implementation in the European Union. Basel II was intended to bring an enhanced level of transparency regarding banks' operations. Consequently, Basel II introduces an incentive for banks to (1) increase their forward-looking provisioning and (2) to reduce their opportunistic provisioning.In our setting, Basel II introduces incentives for managers to recognize less income-increasing discretionary loan loss provisions (DLLPs). The income-increasing DLLPs are important as they are recognized in the literature as especially opportunistic. These findings are of particular importance given the recent and forthcoming regulatory developments in the banking industry. I refer to the introduction of IFRS 9 in 2018 and that of Basel III in 2019. Our results highlight the need for accounting and banking regulators to coordinate their efforts with disregard to their innately different objectives.For my second chapter, "Has Basel II Induced Conservatism Reduced the Level of EU Banks' Earnings Management?" Basel II reduces discretion in provisioning that is used in the pre-adoption period for opportunistic reporting (to recognize income-increasing DLLPs for reaching earnings management objectives).The third chapter, "The Impact of the 2010 EU Bank Stress-test Results Disclosure on Banks' Earnings Management" analyzes the impact that the disclosure of the forward-looking 2010 macroeconomic stress-test (ST) has on the level of participating banks’ opportunistic reporting. Specifically, it tests if the disclosure reduces bank opacity and consequently earnings management (proxied by income smoothing and benchmark beating) for the tested banks relative to non-tested banks.We find that the banks which enter the ST reduce the level of their benchmark beating. In corroboration with the previous results, we document that the disclosure of the ST's results likely reduces banks' opacity and managers reduce the opportunistic reporting due to enhanced public scrutiny. This paper is the first to analyze the impact that the disclosure of the ST results has on the level of banks' earnings management practices and it adds to the emerging ST literature.Overall, my thesis sheds light on current and relevant issues that concern one of the most scrutinized and criticised industries in the world. By analyzing the effect of different sets of regulations on financial reporting and on the valuation of accounting numbers, this thesis brings numerous contributions to the academic literature and sheds light over the practical effects of overlapping regulations in the EU
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Siddiq, Abu Bakar. "Capital Adequacy Behaviour: : A case study of Swedish banking industry." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Accounting and Finance, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-12932.
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Naidu, Wesley. "The implications of capital structure theory and regulation for South African banking institutions." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25512.
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The topic of capital structure has been one that has plagued the academic world for a number of years. There have been numerous works published on the subject which have presented such theories as the Modigliani and Miller Propositions, the Trade-off Theory, Pecking Order Theory, Signaling Theory and Agency Cost Theory to name a few. However, little research has been done on the application of these and other theories to banking institutions located in Southern Africa. This adds increased complexity to the determining of a local bank’s capital structure policy and the difficulty is further exacerbated by the increased application of regulatory control. In the wake of the recent global financial crisis, banking institutions have been placed under the spotlight and their capital adequacy levels come into question. A need was identified to investigate the impact that capital adequacy has on a bank’s performance and whether it achieves its purpose of increasing stability amongst banks. This study analysed the determinants of the capital structure of banks in South Africa based on secondary financial data and by performing this analysis attempted to establish trends in capital structure policy and regulatory compliance. The study also attempted to identify best practices that contribute to the overall value and performance of the banking institution. The expectation is that the correct application of capital structure theory and compliance with regulations will decrease a bank’s risk profile and in turn result in a more stable monetary system and economy. Overall, the results of the analysis were inconclusive, but lay the basis for potential future research. Conclusions drawn from the results and literature create greater understanding of the dynamics of capital structure and its implications to South African Banks. Copyright 2011, University of Pretoria. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of Pretoria. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the University of Pretoria. Please cite as follows: Naidu, W 2011, The implications of capital structure theory and regulation for South African banking institutions, MCom dissertation, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, viewed yymmdd < http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01272012-122305 / > C12/4/97/gmDissertation (MCom)--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Financial Management
unrestricted
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Ngomo, Obiang Renaud Fernand. "La sécurité du système bancaire africain : contribution à la modernisation de la régulation bancaire dans la CEMAC." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CLF10426.
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La recrudescence des crises bancaires et financières place la problématique de la sécurité financière au centre des grands enjeux des politiques de régulation économique. En effet, la crise dite des Subprimes et les crises budgétaires y consécutives, puis la crise chypriote avec le sentiment de défiance du public qui en a résulté, amènent à penser que seule la sécurité financière permet de sauvegarder l’industrie financière malgré elle. Cet enjeu, plus pragmatique du reste, semble davantage trouver un écho en droit, contrairement à celui de stabilité financière qui apparait plutôt subjective, voire incantatoire.En Afrique centrale, comme dans les systèmes juridiques de tradition romano-latine, la question de la sécurité financière procède d’abord du statut juridique des déposants bancaires, de leur place dans l’ordre légal de désintéressement des créanciers, en cas défaillance. Mais la question de la sécurité d’un système bancaire intéresse aussi les établissements de crédit eux-mêmes, non simplement en raison de la nature risquée de leurs activités de transformation, mais surtout en raison de l’existence d’un risque systémique exacerbé par l’ingénierie financière. La question de la sécurité se pose dès lors non simplement en terme de protection des acteurs pris individuellement, mais davantage en terme de préservation voire de sauvegarde de l’outil économique qu’est le système bancaire et/ou financierThe resurgence of banking and financial crises up the issue of financial security at the center of major policy issues of economic regulation. Indeed, the so-called subprime crisis and subsequent fiscal crises there, and the Cyprus crisis with a sense of public defiance that resulted, one may suggest that financial security will save the financial industry in spite of herself. This issue, more pragmatic moreover, seems to resonate more in law, unlike that of financial stability that appears rather subjective or incantatory. In Central Africa, as in the legal systems of Roman- Latin tradition, the question of financial security shall first the legal status of bank depositors, their place in the legal order of payment of creditors in the event of failure. But the question of the security of the banking system as interest credit institutions themselves, not simply because of the risky nature of their processing activities, but mainly because of the existence of systemic risk exacerbated by financial engineering. The question of safety arises therefore not simply in terms of protection of individual players , but more in terms of preservation or backup tool called economic banking and / or financial
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Young, Kevin Lloyd. "Private sector influence and the international political economy of banking regulation : the formation of the Basel II Accord 1998-2004." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2010. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3034/.
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This study undertakes an empirical investigation of private sector influence over transnational financial regulatory policymaking. I examine the relationship between the content, context, and success of private sector attempts to influence the formation of the Basel II Accord between 1998 and 2004. I call these efforts 'private sector campaigns', and engage in an empirical analysis of campaigns organized at both the transnational level and at the national levels in Canada, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. The analysis employs a mixed-method research design involving process tracing analysis, fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) and statistical regression analysis. Using extensive primary source material, I test a number of different hypotheses prevalent within relevant academic literatures regarding the specific means that private sector groups use to influence their regulators, as well as the transnational and national pathways by which private sector influence translates into actual regulatory policy change. While I find evidence for a number of important instances of private sector influence over the content of the Basel II Accord, I find that this influence is much more contingent and context-dependent than depictions of 'regulatory capture' in the IPE of finance literature suggest. In particular, the presence of business conflict strongly affects the success of private sector campaigns. Furthermore, I find that while there are a number of necessary conditions that have to be in place for influence to occur, there is no individually sufficient condition for influence. Rather, only a particular combination of conditions is sufficient in generating private sector influence. This particular set of conditions is, however, highly fragile.
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Salé, Laurent. "Liquidity in the banking sector." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E002/document.
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Comme un déterminant de la survie d'une banque durant la crise financière de 2007/2008, la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire a depuis récemment représenté un défi pour les communautés financières et universitaires. Les trois articles présentés dans cette thèse portent sur les deux principales facettes de la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire: la détention d'actifs liquides (à savoir, la trésorerie et les ressources assimilées) et le processus de création de la liquidité dans les banques utilisé pour financer des prêts. Comme on le verra dans les articles, ces deux aspects de la liquidité peuvent être considérés comme les deux faces d'une même pièce. Je reconnais que la liquidité dans le secteur bancaire est liée à la création monétaire; cependant, cette thèse se concentre sur les deux précités aspects de la liquidité. Tout d'abord, cette introduction présente comment le concept de la liquidité a évolué dans la pensée économique dominante. La seconde partie considère le renouveau de la détention de cash qui a été observée depuis la crise financière de 2007/2008 dans le secteur bancaire. La troisième section examine les propriétés de liquidité. La quatrième section explore ce que nous ne savons pas sur la liquidité. La cinquième section identifie et sélectionne trois problèmes fondamentaux relatifs à liquidité et qui sont analysés dans les trois articles présentés dans thèse. La sixième et dernière section présente la méthodologie utilisée dans les trois articles pour répondre à ces questions. Chapitre 1 : “Why do banks hold cash ?". La détention de cash et assimilé cash par les banques détiennent est devenue un enjeu majeur depuis la crise financière de 2008 qui a démontré que la trésorerie retenue est un déterminant majeur dans les chances de survie des banques. Cet article examine les déterminants de la détention de cash banque en utilisant des données internationales pour la période 1981-2014. Sur la base d'un grand échantillon, nous documentons une augmentation séculaire de la détention de cash par les banques pendant une période de 35 ans. Nous apportons la preuve que la nature optimale dynamique de la détention de cash est rejetée dans le secteur bancaire. Ces résultats contrastent avec le secteur non bancaire, où la nature optimale dynamique de trésorerie est observée. Chapitre 2: “Does an increase in capital negatively impact banking liquidity creation?”. A partir d'un ensemble de données composé d'un panel de 940 banques cotées des pays européens, américains et asiatiques, cet article documente l'évolution de la création de la liquidité bancaire au cours d'une période de 35 ans (1981-2014). La preuve empirique confirme que les niveaux de risque et de capital jouent un rôle significatif et négatif dans la création de liquidité par les banques. Dans l'ensemble, les effets négatifs de l’augmentation de capital sur la création de la liquidité bancaire sont plus importants que les effets positifs sur la gestion du risque correspondant, ce qui suggère que les exigences de fonds propres imposées pour soutenir la stabilité financière affectent négativement la création de liquidités. Ces résultats ont de larges implications pour les régulateurs bancaires. Chapitre 3: “Positive effects of Basel III on banking liquidity creation”. Ce document évalue l'effet du cadre réglementaire de Bâle III sur la création de liquidité bancaire. Les résultats sont basés sur un ensemble de données de panel de banques américaines qui représentent environ 60% des prêts et dépôts américains sur une période de 7 ans (2009-2015), en plus de différence dans la différence et les méthodes de survie standard. Tous les composants de Bâle III pris ensemble, il existe des preuves empiriques que Bâle III a un effet positif sur la création de liquidité bancaire sur le marché américain, en particulier pour les grandes banques. Ces résultats ont de larges implications pour les régulateurs bancairesAs one determinant of a bank’s survival during the financial crisis of 2007-2008, liquidity in the banking sector presents a challenge for the financial and academic communities and has recently become a central point of interest. The three articles presented in this thesis focus on the two main facets of liquidity in the banking sector: the holding of liquid assets (i.e., cash and assimilated resources) and the process of liquidity-creation in banks used to fund loans. As will be discussed in the articles, these two aspects of liquidity can be viewed as two sides of the same coin. I acknowledge that liquidity in banking is linked to the creation of money; however, this thesis focuses on the aforementioned two aspects of liquidity. First, this section presents how ideas about liquidity in the banking sector have evolved in mainstream economic thought. Second, it considers the revival of cash-holding that has been observed since the financial crisis of 2007-2008. Third, it discusses the properties of liquidity. Fourth, it explores what we do not know about liquidity. Fifth, it identifies the fundamental issues analyzed in the three articles. Finally, it presents the methodology used in the articles to address these issues. Chapter1: “Why do banks hold cash ?”. This paper investigates the determinants of bank cash holding by using international data for the period 1981-2014. The results do not seem to provide support for the substitutability hypothesis regarding the substitutive relation between cash and debt levels. Further, using the GMM-system estimation method, we find no support for the dynamic optimal cash model, suggesting that cash management in the banking sector is bounded by number of constraints that make it difficult for the agents to optimize their utility. Chapter 2: “Does an increase in capital negatively impact banking liquidity creation?”. From a dataset composed of a panel of 940 listed banks based in European, American and Asian countries, this paper documents the evolution of bank liquidity creation over a 35-year period (1981-2014). The empirical evidence confirms that risk and equity levels play a significant and negative role. Overall, the negative effects of equity increases on bank liquidity creation are more significant than corresponding positive effects on risk management, suggesting that capital requirements imposed to support financial stability negatively affect liquidity creation. These findings have broad implications for policymakers. Chapter 3: “Positive effects of Basel III on banking liquidity creation”. This paper estimates the effect of the Basel III regulatory framework on banking liquidity creation. The results are based on a panel data set of U.S. banks that represent approximately 60% of U.S. loans and deposits over a 7-year period (from 2009 to 2015) in addition to difference-in-difference and standard survival methods. All components of Basel III taken together, there is empirical evidence that Basel III has a positive effect on banking liquidity creation in the US market in particular for major banks. These findings have broad implications for policy makers
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Svozil, Jan. "Regulatorní reforma a systémově významné banky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206167.
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The master's thesis deals with the topic of the regulatory reform based on Basel III framework created by Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. The target of this thesis is to present tools and components of Basel III standard and focus on the identification and analysis of the key factors for classifying banks as systemically important. The issue is described from global perspective and special attention is given to European specification of regulatory rules. One part of this study is dedicated to the monitoring of the fulfillment of new regulatory rules and tools by global and European banking system. Diploma thesis includes also the chapter monitoring macroeconomic impact of regulatory reforms.
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Iselin, Michael. "Estimating the Potential Impact of Requiring a Stand-Alone Board-Level Risk Committee." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1402311135.
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Schramm, Sebastian Hermann. "The impact of BASEL III on European Banks business models." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/30154.
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As Basel III represents a true regulatory paradigm shift in many respects, this paper examines a sample of 81 European banks to detect to what extent the impact of Basel III is already perceptible on alternative business models. It finds out that there have been only minor business model adjustments due to Basel III, while the main changes between 2010 and 2013 have taken place because of other exogenous factors, such as the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. Due to long observation- and transition periods, the major business model changes as response to Basel III are still ahead.
O acordo Basel III representa, em diversos aspectos, uma verdadeira mudança no paradigma regulatório. Este trabalho examina uma amostra composta por 81 bancos europeus para detectar até que ponto o impacto do Basel III é já perceptível em modelos de negócios alternativos. Descobre-se que os ajustes nos modelos de negócios causados pelo Basel III são mínimos, enquanto que as principais mudanças entre 2010 e 2013 deveram-se a outros factores exógenos, como por exemplo a crise da dívida soberana europeia. Devido à longa observação e aos períodos de transição, as maiores mudanças nos modelos de negócios como consequência do Basel III estarão ainda para acontecer.
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Kjellberg, Mattias, David Uhlmann, and Ivana Zubac. "Basel II - Det nya kapitaltäckningsregelverkets påverkan på de svenska nischbankernas kredit- och riskhantering." Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-759.
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ABSTRACT
Title: Basel II – The New Basel Capital Accord and its influence on small Swedish banks and their retail banking and risk management.
Seminar: May 24th, 2007
Course: FEK318 Bachelor thesis in Business Administration, 10 Swedish credits
Authors: Mattias Kjellberg, David Uhlmann & Ivana Zubac
Advisor: Joakim Winborg
Keywords: Capital cover, capital requirements, Basel II, credit giving, credit risk, risk management, retail banking, small banks, pillar 2
Problem: What influence does Basel II and the new updated management of credit risks in pillar 1 and the active risk control in pillar 2 have on small Swedish banks retail banking?
Purpose: Our essay seeks to explore what influence pillar 1 and the new updated management of credit risks in the new capital accord Basel II have on small Swedish banks and what influence pillar 2 have. We also want to explain if Basel II has influences on small Swedish banks credit analysis and possible effects in their risk management and pricing.
Methodology: In our essay we use an inductive approach and our chosen research method is the qualitative one. We have chosen to look into four small Swedish banks, and the empirical data is obtained from telephone interviews with selected respondents from Länsförsäkringar Bank, SkandiaBanken, GE Money Bank and ICA Banken.
Conclusions:
• The work with credit scoring does not get influenced by Basel II if the Standardised Approach is chosen.
• Banks that’ve early implemented high technological systems in the organization, that small banks normally do, have gotten an easier transition to Basel II.
• Basel II will result in a risk adjusted pricing and a more fair credit market.
• Internal Ratings-based Approaches is very demanding to develop, but at the same time it’s a more risk sensitive approach.
• Pillar 2 results in a more sophisticated work for the small banks.
• Basel II results in a further price press on residential loans in Sweden.
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Kaibe, Bosiu C. "Modelling of asset allocation in banking using the mean-variance approach." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4051.
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>Magister Scientiae - MScBank asset management mainly involves profit maximization through invest- ment in loans giving high returns on loans, investment in securities for reducing risk and providing liquidity needs. In particular, commercial banks grant loans to creditors who pay high interest rates and are not likely to default on their loans. Furthermore, the banks purchase securities with high returns and low risk. In addition, the banks attempt to lower risk by diversifying their asset portfolio. The main categories of assets held by banks are loans, treasuries (bonds issued by the national treasury), reserves and intangible assets. In this mini-thesis, we solve an optimal asset allocation problem in banking under the mean-variance frame work. The dynamics of the different assets are modelled as geometric Brownian motions, and our optimization problem is of the mean- variance type. We assume the Basel II regulations on banking supervision. In this contribution, the bank funds are invested into loans and treasuries with the main objective being to obtain an optimal return on the bank asset port- folio given a certain risk level. There are two main approaches to portfolio optimization, which are the so called martingale method and Hamilton Jacobi Bellman method. We shall follow the latter. As is common in portfolio op- timization problems, we obtain an explicit solution for the value function in the Hamilton Jacobi Bellman equation. Our approach to the portfolio prob- lem is similar to the presentation in the paper [Hojgaard, B., Vigna, E., 2007. Mean-variance portfolio selection and efficient frontier for defined contribution pension schemes. ISSN 1399-2503. On-line version ISSN 1601-7811]. We pro- vide much more detail and we make the application to banking. We illustrate our findings by way of numerical simulations.
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Alsoufani, Muhammad Mhd Radwan. "Basel III liquidity rules : measuring the impact on portuguese small banks activity." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11559.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em FinançasEm 2009-10, os padrões, LCR e NSFR foram introduzidos pelo acordo de Basileia III no sentido desenvolver e estabelecer critérios de funcionamento para a Gestão de Liquidez na Banca, Uma vez efetuada a sua completa implementação, estes novos padrões deverão conduzir o sector bancário a um novo nível de desenvolvido orientado para a garantia da resistência contra choques de Liquidez. Este trabalho de investigação irá reflectir sobre a teoria por detrás do LCR e o NSFR, destacando os efeitos mais significativos destes dois padrões. O Trabalho complementa a teoria com um estudo em seis pequenos bancos operando no mercado português, num período de oito anos, a partir do ano de 2005.
In 2009-10, the LCR and NSFR standards were lately introduced by Basel III Accord for improving banks' liquidity management. When full implementation takes place, the LCR and NSFR are expected to bring the banking sector into a developed system that guarantees resilient standing against severe liquidity shocks. This research paper is going to elaborate on the theory behind the LCR and NSFR, and will point out major repercussions accompanying the employment of the two standards. The paper complements the theory with an empirical study on six representative small banks operating in the Portuguese banking sector, with a study period of eight years starting from 2005. In the end, useful conclusions, regarding the sample banks' activities with respect to the LCR and NSFR, will be presented based on both theory and research.
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Masli, Abdulhakim M. "The role of the audit committee as a corporate governance mechanism : the case of the banking sector in Libya." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2018. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/35005/.
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Financial scandals in developed countries such as the USA and the UK have highlighted the need for greater transparency and credibility in order to protect shareholders and stakeholders alike. It has been argued that the audit committee (AC) is a key mechanism for achieving this transparency and protecting shareholders' interests. While there have been numerous attempts to investigate AC practice and effectiveness in developed countries, little is known about how these committees operate in developing countries such as Libya. Therefore, this research aims to: (1) explore the current role of ACs in the Libyan banking sector, (2) investigate the factors that affect their performance and (3) identify actions to enhance their effectiveness. To achieve these aims, the study employed a combination of quantitative (questionnaire survey) and qualitative (semi-structured interviews) methods to understand how five groups of actors within Libya's banking sector (i.e. board and AC members, executive managers, and internal and external auditors) perceive the role and practice of ACs. The questionnaire survey was designed to collect initial data, while follow-up interviews sought to gain an in-depth understanding of all relevant aspects of the subject. In total, 218 survey responses were analysed, and 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with senior directors and managers. Although the findings broadly support agency theory's assumption that ACs play a vital role, they also indicate that ACs in the Libyan banking sector are not performing to a satisfactory standard; they play too limited a role in monitoring financial statements and enhancing the external audit process, and their effectiveness is too dependent on the strength of their relationship with the internal audit department. Institutional theory provides one possible explanation for this: ACs may be primarily designed to create legitimacy outside the organisation rather than to protect the interests of shareholders. The findings also show that a number of factors variously enable (e.g. independence, financial expertise and size) or inhibit (e.g. weak board governance and Government intervention) AC effectiveness. Finally, a number of actions were identified that could be taken to enhance the effectiveness of these committees (e.g. the proposal to strengthen the accounting and auditing profession in Libya). The study contributes to the ongoing debates about the AC's role by being the first to investigate how this role is performed in Libyan banks, which are in the early stages of implementing corporate governance. It addresses an information gap by providing new evidence from a developing country regarding the AC's role in corporate governance and discussing the impact of fourteen enabling and inhibiting factors on AC effectiveness. Finally, it is the first step towards identifying ways of enhancing the effectiveness of these committees and encouraging regulators and shareholders in Libya to pay greater attention to corporate governance mechanisms, including ACs.
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Soufani, Muhammad Mhd Radwan Al. "Basel III liquidity rules : measuring the impact on Portuguese small banks activity." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7955.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em FinançasEm 2009-10, os padrões, LCR e NSFR foram introduzidos pelo acordo de Basileia III no sentido desenvolver e estabelecer critérios de funcionamento para a Gestão de Liquidez na Banca, Uma vez efetuada a sua completa implementação, estes novos padrões deverão conduzir o sector bancário a um novo nível de desenvolvido orientado para a garantia da resistência contra choques de Liquidez. Este trabalho de investigação irá reflectir sobre a teoria por detrás do LCR e o NSFR, destacando os efeitos mais significativos destes dois padrões. O Trabalho complementa a teoria com um estudo em seis pequenos bancos operando no mercado português, num período de oito anos, a partir do ano de 2005.
In 2009-10, the LCR and NSFR standards were lately introduced by Basel III Accord for improving banks' liquidity management. When full implementation takes place, the LCR and NSFR are expected to bring the banking sector into a developed system that guarantees resilient standing against severe liquidity shocks. This research paper is going to elaborate on the theory behind the LCR and NSFR, and will point out major repercussions accompanying the employment of the two standards. The paper complements the theory with an empirical study on six representative small banks operating in the Portuguese banking sector, with a study period of eight years starting from 2005. In the end, useful conclusions, regarding the sample banks' activities with respect to the LCR and NSFR, will be presented based on both theory and research.
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Salomonsson, Erik, and Carl Thormählen. "Internal fraud in the banking industry : A cross-bank analysis on operational loss announcements." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-106103.
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Managerial and regulatory focus in the financial industryhas been intensified due to a number of extremely costly and highly publicized events. Whenfraudulent activities or any improper business practices are revealed it may damage the bank’sreputation. In the end this can have a big impact on anyone who is any kind of stakeholder.Reputational risk and by what mechanism reputational risk is adversely affecting stock pricesis therefore of great importance for stakeholders. This study aims at providing insights and abetter understanding of reputational risk. We examine the reputational damage in banksresulting from operational losses and analyze the stock market reaction across the bankingindustry. Research question: What is the effect of operational loss announcements from internalfraudulent activities on competitors in the banking industry? The results show a positive cross-bank reaction during the observed period oftime. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is stronger when a reputational damage isrecognized in the bank where the loss occurred. The results show a positive cross-bankreaction during the observed period of time. Furthermore, the cross-bank reaction is strongerwhen a reputational damage is recognized in the bank where the loss occurred.