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Gustafsson, Victor, and Jens Gelin. "Bankregleringar : En jämförelsestudie mellan Basel II och Basel III." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-176710.
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Karppinen, R. (Riku). "Basel III -sääntelymuutosten vaikutukset pankkisektorilla." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201705252118.
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Karaca, Deniz, and Mohsen Ghaderi. "Regelverket Basel : Övergången från Basel II till Basel III utifrån bankernas perspektiv." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-26748.
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Research issue: The transition from Basel II to Basel III becomes consuming for banks, financially. But Basel III should be profitably for financial market economy. Risks in the financial world is very complex. Is Basel III is sufficient to manage risk and future crises Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the application of Basel II and the transition to Basel III in Sweden with the banking system in focus. Method: The study has a qualitative research methodology for the collection of empirical data. The study is based on interviews with four large banks of Sweden (Swedbank, SEB, Nordea, Handelsbanken) and with Finansinspektionen. We also used previous studies, books and rapports. Conclusions: Basel has no direct connection to the profitability of the banks. The translation to Basel III was an obvious step for a more stable financial market. With Basel III it became more expensive for the banks; the more cost the less returns and hence led dividends for shareholders. But the banks will not bear the costs themselves, the costumers will get affected. Banks have begun to adapt to Basel III. There are requirements to save equity immediately not only in crisis. Which leads to the return is not likely to be lowered at bad times.
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Johansson, Emilia. "Basel III : A study of Basel III and whether it may protect against new banking failures." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18506.
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The financial crisis of 2007 until today affected the banking industry to a large extent. Many banks failed or got bailed out by governments. To protect against banking failures and new financial crises the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) has reviewed, renewed and extended the banking regulations. The result is a framework for banking regulations called Basel III. This study examines the Basel III framework and its potential effect on protecting the banks. The study answers the question: if Basel III may protect against new banking failures. The study has used a qualitative approach. The theoretical framework has been built up by the use of the literature review. Literature has mainly been found by use of the university library’s online databases. For the empirical results interviews were made with banks and supervisors from Sweden and from Finland to see their view on the emerging framework. The views of supervisors and banks are that Basel III should have tougher requirements than it now has. The capital requirements are seen as too low and the risk-weights are criticized not to reflect the reality. Supervisors are still positive and believe that Basel III will give a better protection, but it will not fully protect against failures. Banks have a similar view, some are positive and believe that it will give a better protection while others do not think it will protect against failures any better.
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Lennartsson, Sofie. "Det nya regelverket Basel III - en undersökning av Handelsbanken och Swedbank." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18468.
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Kutová, Nikola. "Řízení rizik s ohledem na Basel II a Basel III." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-136262.
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The aim of my thesis is to evaluate the risk management system of Czech banks according to the Basel II rules. In my thesis I also deal with the ability of the Czech banking system to accept new Basel III rules. The first part of my thesis focuses on definition of risks and methods of risk management according to Basel rules. They discuss diferent risks that they fall within activity to the rules on the capital adequacy of the bank. The second part of thesis focuses on characteristics of Basel II and III and how the rules are implemented to the law of the EU and then to the law of Czech Republic. Part of the second part is also shortages of Basel II. On this shortage, Basel Committee on banking supervision responded to introduce new accord Basel III. In the final part, both of part is connected on the samples of three banks. After analysis, the thesis rates readiness Czech banks on the new capital accord and new risk management. The thesis summarizes readiness of the Czech banking system on the Basel III rules.
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Génetay, Philippe, and Mari Rhenman. "Basel III : Regelverkets implementering och effekter." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-144185.
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Turjaková, Anna. "Analýza nových princípov regulácie Basel III." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150059.
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The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyse the development of the regulatory framework and its current state according to the latest Basel III framework. The new rules were created as a response to the financial crisis that started in 2007. The framework represents significant increase in quality, amount and transparency of the capital base in comparison with the pre-crisis situation. Basel III has both micro and macroprudential focus. The diploma thesis describes the development and shortcomings of regulatory framework that necessitated revisions of the regulatory rules over time. These rules evolve with the changes in the financial system and the way how financial risks are managed. Although the roots of financial crisis are related to the mortgage-backed securities market, the banking sector played an important role in spreading the problems. Therefore the diploma thesis will also concentrate on fundamental flaws that contributed to the financial crisis. Then the immediate corrective action taken as a response to the financial crisis are described. After that, the Basel III rules are presented in detail. The newest monitoring of the rules carried out by the Basel Committe and cost analysis carried out by IMF including evaluation based on various analyses of Basel III are presented. Basel III has addressed most of the flaws revealed in Basel II. However, some issues still remain unsolved, which can lead to future problems with the financial system stability.
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Vávrová, Jitka. "Dopady implementace Basel III na poskytování úvěrů v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-124857.
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This thesis shows the changes the new Basel III banking regulation from the original Basel II regulation in Czech and European legislation. The next section brings the results of foreign studies concerning the effect of changes in spreads on lending rates, gross domestic product and unemployment. These studies are based on various input data and assumptions. The practical part analyzes three selected Czech banks through scenarios and identifies possible impact of the new regulation in lending rates in 2012 - 2019th.
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Hercíková, Alena. "Basel III a jeho dopady na bankovní sektor." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150093.
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The following pages of my master thesis aim to acquaint the reader with the major changes brought about by Basel III banking regulation. This new regulatory framework was created in response to the financial crisis (beginning in 2007), which revealed some weaknesses in the original Basel II regulation, and its purpose is to prevent future similar situations in the financial market by increasing the stability and resilience of the banking sector. Impacts of Basel III are reflected primarily in increased demand for quality capital used by banks and maintaining sufficient liquidity. As shown by the results of the analysis, these factors have further effect on interest spread of banks and the real economy.
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Prakash, Gyan, and Swanberg Oscar. "Diversifiering : Fastighetsfinansiering i skymningen av Basel III." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297757.
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Finanskrisen 2007-2008 blev startskottet för nya bankregleringar och åtstramningar.Regelverket Basel III introducerades med syfte att hantera risker bättre genom att införahårdare kapital- och likviditetskrav som i sin tur skulle motverka eventuella nya systematiskarisker. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka Basel III:s påverkan på diversifieringen avfastighetsfinansiering på den svenska marknaden och utreda de drivkrafter och effekter avdessa förändringar. Studien ämnar att ge ett brett perspektiv genom att undersöka påverkan påett flertal sektorer i den empiriska undersökningen. Efter genomförandet av studien så kan det konstateras att bankerna har fått ökade kostnadersom sedermera har förskjutits till kunderna. Vidare har belåningsgraderna i fastighetssektornminskat till följd av implementeringen Basel III. Det nya regulatoriska landskapet har banat väg för diversifiering. Dock, så kan de primäradrivkrafterna tillskrivas makro-sentiment, jakt på avkastning, market timing och aktörer somhar vuxit ifrån sitt beroende av bankkapital.The financial crisis of 2007-2008 was the start of new banking regulations and austeritymeasures. Basel III was introduced with the intent of managing risks better by introducingstricter capital and liquidity requirements. The new requirements would in return counteractany new systematic risks. The purpose of this study is to investigate Basel III’s impact oncredit diversification on the Swedish market and navigate what the driving forces are and theeffects of regulatory change. The aim is to provide a broad perspective by presenting valuableinformation relevant to the subject and examining the impact of these changes on differentsectors. The results of the study shows that new regulations have entailed a major regulatory changewith subsequent implications on the market. Findings also show that banks have experiencedan increase of costs which have since been shifted to customers. Furthermore, loan-to-valueratios within the real estate sector have decreased as a result of the implementation of BaselIII. The new regulatory framework has paved the way for diversification. However, thedevelopment has been propelled by macro sentiment, reaching for yield-behavior, markettiming and firms outgrowing their dependency on bank capital.
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Thorén, Josefina, and Stina Johansson. "Basel III, en avgörande faktor vid kreditbedömning av SMEs? : En studie om hur Basel III kan påverka bankernas kreditbedömning av SMEs." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-22938.
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Små och medelstora företag (SME) utgjorde 2010 en andel på 99,8% av alla företag i Sverige och bankerna är en viktig källa till finansiering för SMEs. På grund av bankernas betydelseskapade Baselkommittén för banktillsyn 1988 internationella regelverk som medförde ett kapitaltäckningskrav på 8% till banker. Kapitaltäckningskravet skulle kunna täcka oförutsägbara förluster vid en finanskris, vilket bidrar till att banksektorn är en av de mest reglerade branscherna i världen. 2006 skapades Basel II vilket för banker medförde svårigheter att bedöma kredit till och risker med SMEs. Basel II skapade en oro att kostnaderna skulle öka för kredit till SMEs och oron finns fortfarande kvar vid införandet av Basel III, vilket i sin tur kan försämra kreditvillkoren till SMEs. Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva bankernas arbetssätt med kreditbedömning av SMEs i nuläget, analysera och tolka hur Basel III kan påverka bankernas arbetssätt med kreditbedömning av SMEs, ge förståelse för hur Basel III kan påverka bankernas attityd till kreditbedömning av SMEs, på grund av ökade kapitaltäckningskrav. För att kunna genomföra studien användes en kvantitativ metod där en webbenkät skickades ut till 790 respondenter på tre av de största nationella bankerna i Sverige på villkor om anonymitet. Av 790 respondenter var det 150 som svarade fullständigt på webbenkäten, vilket medför en svarsfrekvens på 19%. Resultatet visar att Basel III kommer att fullgöra syftet att skapa finansiell stabilitet i banksektorn men kommer att försvåra möjligheten för SMEs att få gynnsamma krediter.In 2010, small and medium sized enterprises (SME) represented a share of 99,8 percent of all firms in Sweden. For these SMEs, banks are an important source of financing. Because of the significance of the banks, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision created international regulations in 1988, which resulted in a capital adequacy of 8% for banks. The Capital adequacy should cover unforeseen losses in a financial crisis, which make the banking sector to be one of the most regulated industries in the world. In 2006, Basel II was created, which made it difficult to evaluate the credit and risk with SMEs. Basel II created a fear that costs for credit to SMEs would increase, and the worry is still there present, even at the introduction of Basel III, which implies the possibility of weakened credit conditions for SMEs. The purpose of this thesis is to describe banks’ operation of credit appraisals to SMEs today, analyze and interpret how Basel III may affect banks’ operation of credit appraisals to SMEs, and to understand how Basel III may affect banks’ attitude towards credit appraisals to SMEs, due to increasing capital requirements. To perform this thesis, a quantitative method is used by using a web survey, which was sent to 790 respondents in three of the major national banks in Sweden on condition of anonymity. Of the 790 respondents there were 150 who returned a complete survey response. This gives a response rate of 19%. The result shows that Basel III will fulfill the purpose of creating financial stability in the banking sector but will complicate the ability of SMEs to obtain favorable credit.
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Kubíček, Antonín. "Basel II vs. Basel III a vliv nové regulace na české bankovnictví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-116267.
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The aims of this thesis are twofold. Firstly, it aims to analyse the new regulatory rules BASEL III, published in December 2010. These were created as a lesson from the previous crisis and following the developments occurring problem areas included in the regulatory rules Basel II. And secondly, it evaluates their impact on the Czech Banking Sector. Regulatory rules BASEL III contain large number of rules aimed at enhancing the quality, quantity and flexibility of regulatory equity capital, reducing the cyclicality of capital requirements, stricter capital requirements for certain risky assets, intensifying surveillance in terms of significantly important financial institutions and international standards of liquidity. Apart from adjustment of the rules that appear in the Basel II, the regulatory rules Basel III also include rules used for the first time. The analysis of the impact on the Czech banking sector is based on the assumption that the Czech banking sector is well equipped with capital and the impact of BASEL III will therefore not have any significant impact on the functioning of Czech banks. This thesis shows that the impacts depend on the size of the banking institutions. A selected sample of six Czech banks (two from each group of large, medium and small banks) is used, inter alia, to demonstrate this.
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KLEFVENBERG, LOUISE, and MADELEINE MANNEHED. "Basel III - Evidence from Sweden Possible implications of Basel III on capital structure of companies in the Industrial Goodssector." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-224868.
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Jordbru, Marlene, and Lina Sjöqvist. "Basel III Forthcoming - How Swedish banks perceive the impact of the Basel III Accord and its effect on systemic risk." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-56919.
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The banking sector plays an important part of the modern society and a collapse of the financial system would have severe consequences for the society. In order to protect the system from a systemic collapse, regulations have been put in place to ensure a more stable financial system. Because of the financial instabilities experienced in recent years, the Basel Committee has released an improved framework in order to deal with the systemic risk which contributed to the crisis. Parts of the new Basel III Accord will be implemented in 2013, and this is why we have chosen to study how Swedish banks perceive the impact of the Basel III Accord and its effect on systemic risk. Our intention is to study the perception of the impact of the Basel III framework on the Swedish bank sector through a study of the four largest banks in Sweden. We examine how these four banks expect the Basel III Accord to affect systemic risk and consequently improve the protection of these banks, and also the Swedish banking industry and more generally the Swedish economy. The research paradigm of this study is constructivism, which is in line with our research question and purpose, since we have studied and analyzed the perceptions of the Swedish banking sector. In order to answer our research question and purpose we have used an inductive research approach, as well as a qualitative research strategy. The data was collected through 10 semi-structured interviews with people from the four largest banks in Sweden. The theoretical frame of reference is divided into four parts. The first part consists of a discussion on the Swedish banking sector, as well as a presentation of the four largest banks. In the second part of the chapter we review the current research regarding systemic risk. We then present the most important aspects and elements of the forthcoming Basel III Accord and at last we assemble the three areas together in a final discussion. The findings in the study disclose new knowledge. The knowledge consist of the Swedish banks’, through the 10 interviewees, perception of the impact of the Basel III Accord and its effect on systemic risk. The Swedish banks hold a positive perception of: higher capital requirements set out in Basel III, the counter cyclical buffer, the basic concept of implementing liquidity standards, the Basel III will (1) to some degree reduce systemic risk, (2) improve the protection of the Swedish banks, (3) decrease the probability of financial instabilities, and (4) enhance the Swedish banks ability to meet a new financial crisis. The Swedish banks hold a neutral perception of: the risk coverage and the LCR. The Swedish banks hold a negative perception of: the higher capital requirements implemented in Sweden, the frameworks’ competitive disadvantage, the capital conservation buffer, the NSFR, the leverage ratio, that the Basel III will (1) increase costs that will affect customers, shareholders and/or employees negatively, (2) impair growth, and (3) not be able to prevent a new kind of financial crisis.
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Holland-Burman, Alexander, and Rasmus Mandel. "Utmaningar och effekter av Basel III : En studie av svenska småbanker och deras syn på de kommande Basel III regleringarna." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Samhällsvetenskapliga fakulteten, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-155748.
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Almuqati, Mohammed Marzouq. "The impact and challenges of Basel III implementation in Saudi Arabia." Thesis, Brunel University, 2018. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/17040.
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This thesis is devoted to examining the legal framework for, and efficacy of, the implementation of the Basel III framework that governs capital, liquidity and market disclosure standards. It is set against the backdrop of the 2007 to 2008 financial crisis and attempts to unpack the myriad challenges associated with current efforts to harmonise international risk regulation standards in the context of legal diversity. These challenges are sharply illustrated in the context of Saudi Arabia's Islamic legal system and its uneasy relationship with the government's ongoing attempts to subject Saudi banks to the Basel III authored market and risk regulation disciplines. Paralleling the growth of Islamic (equity driven) finance markets worldwide, Islamic banks in Saudi Arabia now compete in the global market for conventional (debt centred) banking products. The growth of, and demand for, conventional financial services in Saudi Arabia highlights the duality of the Saudi legal system and its banking sector, despite apparent divergences between conventional and Islamic finance models, legally and normatively. These divergences manifest themselves, both in the differential treatment of Islamic and conventional banking customs and norms in the context of the overall Saudi legal system, and in respect of the general suitability of the conventional basis of the Basel regulatory model as applied to Islamic finance contexts and instruments. The thesis will challenge the convention that Islamic financial practices are self-evidently less risk averse, or more ethical, than their conventional alternatives. In a second step, this thesis will consider whether the national implementation of Basel III standards provides Saudi banks with sufficient protection against future threats to the stability of the country's Saudi market-economy in periods of economic volatility. These aims will be synthesised to provide an overarching analysis of the 'gaps' in Saudi banking institutions and applicable law. Comparing the Saudi banking regime with the dual banking sector in Malaysia, this thesis will conclude with a defence of strengthened corporate governance regulation, transparency and 'rule of law' reforms in Saudi Arabia's legal system. These recommendations should be further accompanied by concrete efforts to formulate, and, more effectively, reconcile, local and Islamic disclosure and accountability related standards with Basel III-approved technical measures on risk-mitigation and measurement.
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Mikolayczyk, Rolf-Peter. "Banking Regulation in the US and Basel III." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6874/.
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Eriksson, Johan. "Basel III och svenska banksektorn : konkurrens eller stabilitet." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-121244.
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Lindbom, Marcus, and Sydow Oskar von. "Basel III : Regelverkets påverkan på svenska bankers kapitalanskaffning." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Institutionen Handels- och IT-högskolan, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-16620.
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Den finansiella sektorn i länderna som tillhör G-10 har styrts av specifika regelverk tillämpade för banker ända sedan 1988, och blev då uppkallat Basel I. Detta beror till stor del på konsekvenserna från de finansiella kriser som samhället erfarit. Allt för generös kreditgivning och högt risktagande från banker har lett till att hela världsekonomin satts i turbulens. Vid kommande årsskifte, 2012/2013, planeras en tredje version av regelverket att införas, Basel III, och kommer att beröra samtliga länder som tillhör G-20 där bland annat Sverige ingår. I denna uppsats har vi därför valt att undersöka hur pass kapabla Sveriges banker är att möta det kommande regelverket, då med fokus på deras kapitalanskaffning. Eftersom regelverket berör samtliga svenska banker har vi valt att göra en specifik jämförelse mellan en mindre svensk bank, Swedbank Sjuhärad, och de fyra storbankerna2 grupperade som ett gemensamt kluster. Vi har valt att intervjua två respondenter från Swedbank Sjuhärad samt en respondent från FI där den sistnämnda försökt ge en samlad bild över storbankernas förhållande till regelverket. Därutöver har insamlandet av empiri skett genom flertalet rapporter och bankernas årsredovisningar. Studien är en fallstudie av kvalitativ karaktär och en abduktiv ansats har använts.Vår forskningsfråga är: Hur påverkas en mindre banks kapitalanskaffning på grund av Basel III i förhållande till de fyra storbankerna? Syftet med studien är att undersöka om en mindre banks kapitalanskaffning påverkas annorlunda på grund av Basel III i förhållande till de fyra storbankerna. I sådana fall vill vi ta reda på vilka eventuella kostnader detta innebär.Vi anser att den främsta skillnaden mellan Swedbank Sjuhärad och de fyra storbankerna är att storbankerna i dagsläget har en mer diversifierad kapitalstruktur och investerarbild. Vi är av uppfattningen att denna skillnad successivt kommer minska över tid eftersom Swedbank Sjuhärad i allt högre grad tvingas efterlikna storbankerna i takt med implementeringen av Basel III. Vi anser att detta i sin tur kommer innebära ökade kostnader för Swedbank Sjuhärad då de till viss del tvingas gå ifrån sitt billigaste finansieringssätt vilket är inlåning på konto. Vidare är de operativa på en mindre marknad, genomför förhållandevis små emissioner och har inte lika igenkännande profil mot potentiella investerare. Enligt bankens egen uppfattning går stabilitet före lönsamhet på kort sikt. Detta är något som vi anser kan gynna Swedbank Sjuhärad framöver då det signaleras som ett vinnande koncept både från myndigheter och från samhället i stort.Program: Civilekonomprogrammet
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Havlíček, Radek. "Vliv Basel III na řízení rizik v bankách." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264647.
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The diploma thesis focuses on the regulatory framework of the BASEL III in coherence with risk management and measurement of market and credit risks. The accent is focused upon methodology of calculation and determination of the capital requirements of above mentioned risks. In the introductory part of the thesis are mentioned basic procedures regarding risk management as well as theoretical methodology and development of calculation of the capital requirements in coherence with current standard BASEL III. In the practical part of the thesis are presented capital management policies with regards to BASEL III in Deutsche Bank AG, globally presented institution and Komerční banka, a.s., operating on the Czech market. Accented are mainly the expositions of the institutions and the size of the capital required by the regulatory framework.
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Ekmark, Victor, and Didrik Hirschfeldt. "Basel III, banker och kreditgivning : En studie av Basel III:s påverkan på bankers kreditgivning till nystartade företag." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-28442.
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I Sverige klassificeras cirka 99,4 % av alla företag som mindre företag och under 2014 registrerades cirka 70 000 nya företag. Gemensamt är att nystartade och mindre företag som växer och utvecklas bidrar till nationell tillväxt i länderna de är verksamma inom. För att företagen ska kunna växa krävs finansiering och banker har traditionellt tillgodosett detta behov. Regelverket Basel III är därför väldiskuterat eftersom flera studier visar att det kan påverka bankers kreditgivning. Forskning visar bland annat att Basel III leder till minskad utlåning och ökade utlåningsräntor. Det visar också att nystartade företag kan missgynnas mer än andra bolag på grund av de interna riskklassificeringssystem som tillåts inom regelverket. Interna riskklassificeringssystem kan nämligen, på grund av olika variabler och parametrar, göra att nystartade företag betraktas som mer riskfyllda. Andra studier som gjorts i ämnet visar att Basel III inte påverkar varken banker, kreditgivning eller utlåningsräntor. Eftersom tidigare forskning och litteratur visar olika resultat syftar denna studie till att undersöka, beskriva och öka förståelsen för hur Basel III påverkat kreditgivningen till nystartade företag i Sverige. För att få empiriskt underlag till studien har tio intervjuer gjorts med elva respondenter från sju olika banker. Intervjuer har gjorts med anställda på större och mindre banker på central och lokal nivå. Resultatet i studien visar att alla banker höjt utlåningsräntorna till nystartade företag. Bankerna uppger att det framför allt beror på förändrad risksyn och riskbedömning till följd av Basel III. Basel III har lett till att företagskunder prissätts mer efter bedömd kreditrisk och detta har gjort att nystartade företag generellt fått en högre ränta. Resultatet visar också att interna system och modeller blivit viktigare inom bankerna och att alternativa finansieringslösningar börjat växa fram på marknaden. Samtidigt är kreditbedömningsprocessen och låneutbudet oförändrat sedan Basel III:s introduktion. Studiens resultat bidrar med praktiska implikationer till nystartade företag, banker, entreprenörer och samhället. Den bidrar också teoretiskt till forskningen i form av underlag till diskussionen om utlåningsräntor och låneutbud.In Sweden approximately 99.4% of all companies are classified as small companies and in 2014 around 70,000 new companies were registered. The common denominator is that start-ups and small businesses that grow and evolve contribute to national growth in the countries they operate in. In order to enable businesses to grow they require finance and traditionally banks have met this need. Basel III is therefore a well-argued subject since several studies show that it can affect banks' lending. Research shows that Basel III will lead to reduced lending and increased lending rates. It also shows that start-ups may be more disadvantaged than other companies because of the internal ratings-based (IRB) approach allowed within the regulation. The IRB approach can namely, because of different variables and parameters, consider start-ups more risky than other companies. Other studies however, show that Basel III has no, or very little, impact on lending and interest rates. Since previous research and literature shows different results this study aims to examine, describe and increase the understanding of how Basel III impact lending to start-ups in Sweden. Ten interviews with eleven respondents from seven different banks have been conducted. The interviews were conducted with employees of large and small banks working on central and local level. The results of the study show that all banks have raised lending rates to start-ups. The banks say that it is mainly due to changed risk profile and risk assessment as a result of Basel III. Basel III has led to corporates, retails and start-ups being priced on estimated credit risk and this has led to start-ups being considered as riskier. Thus, banks have raised lending rates to start-ups. The result also shows that internal systems and models have become more important in banks and that alternative financing has begun to emerge on the market. Meanwhile, the credit assessment process and the loan supply are unaffected since Basel III's introduction. The study's results contribute with practical implications for start-ups, banks, entrepreneurs and the community. It also contributes to theoretical research regarding the lending rates and loan supply discussion.
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Sabuni, Muene, and David Nobelius. "Likviditetskrav : Är det nödvändigt för svenska storbanker?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16691.
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Finansiella kriser kostar marknaden flera miljarder kronor. 1974 bildades Baselkommittén för att försöka förhindra framtida kriser. Kommittén har kommit fram till flera regelverk som hela tiden förbättras. De svenska bankerna blir tvungna att anpassa sig till regelverken, vilket påverkar flera aktörer. Med denna studie skall vi undersöka vilka konsekvenser Basel III:s nya kapitalkrav och likviditetskrav kan få på de svenska storbankerna och deras privatkunder. Resultat av studien visar att likviditetskrav är nödvändigt för att banker skall ha tillräckligt med likvida medel samt undvika bankkriser under t.ex. en lågkonjunktur. Regel-verkets likviditetskrav kommer inte ha en signifikant påverkan hos de svenska storbankerna. Bankerna har inte problem med att anskaffa mer likviditet. De svenska storbankerna har stora mängder eget kapital, hög lönsamhet och starka statsfinanser. Samtliga storbanker uppfyller redan de föreslagna kapital-täckningskraven. De svenska storbankerna kommer inte påverkas negativt av de nya kapitalkraven.Financial market crises cost several billion dollars. In 1974 the Basel Committee was founded to prevent future crises. The Committee has come up with several regulations that are continuously improved. The Swedish banks are forced to adapt to the regulations, which affect several actors. In this study, we examine what consequences the Basel III's new capital and liquidity requirements may have on the major Swedish banks and their retail customers. Results show that liquidity requirements are necessary for banks to have sufficient liquidity and prevent bank crises during a recession. The liquidity requirements will not have a significant impact at the major Swedish banks. The banks have no problems to raise more liquidity. The major Swedish banks have large amounts of equity, high profitability and strong public finances. All the major banks already meet the proposed capital adequacy requirements. The major Swedish banks will not be adversely affected by the new capital requirements.
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Alarik, Martin, and Douglas Holmér. "Förändring i bankers utlåning till småföretag." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-232828.
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Uppsatsen behandlar bankers kreditbedömning av småföretag, vilka faktorer som spelar in mest vid en kreditbedömning. Vidare undersöker uppsatsen de eventuella förändringar som har skett i och med införandet av Basel III regelverket.
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Zou, Yasheng. "Basel III and Its Implementation in China’s Banking Industry." Universität Potsdam, 2013. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6867/.
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1. Introduction
2. Analysis of implementation of the Basel III in China
2.1 Implementation of capital adequacy rules
2.2 Implementation of leverage ratio rules
2.3 Implementation of liquidity management rules
3. Suggestions for further development of China’s banking industry
3.1 Promoting capital structure adjustment and broadening capital supplement channels
3.2 Transforming business models and developing intermediary and off-balance business
3.3 Increasing the intensity of risk management and refining its standards
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Edney, Peter Robert. "Liquidity Risk and Bank Regulation: Basel III and Beyond." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13356.
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Liquidity transformation is a pre-eminent function of the banking system. By utilising at-call deposits to fund long-term and illiquid loans, and by making funds available to depositors and borrowers upon demand, banks contribute to economic welfare. However, liquidity transformation exposes banks to significant risks. As banks do not choose to hold socially optimal liquidity exposures on their own, bank regulations are an important tool for enhancing the safety of individual banks and improving the stability of the financial system. This thesis sheds new light on the causes of liquidity risk by examining the supervisory liquidity risk ratings of Australian deposit-taking institutions. It is shown that liquidity risk ratings are predictable and that the Basel III liquidity regulations are likely to reduce risk in the banking system. By conducting the first microeconomic cost-benefit analysis of the Basel III liquidity standards, this thesis also illustrates that the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and net stable funding ratio (NSFR) have net social benefits under a range of reasonable assumptions. This is particularly important as past macroeconomic cost-benefit analyses of Basel III liquidity standards are shown to be misspecified and potentially spurious. JEL Classification: G28, G21
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Hossain, Md Zakir. "Impending Effects of Basel III in the BRICS Economies." Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/48481.
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This thesis addresses the concerns whether the universal rules of Basel III would be able to protect banks and ensure macroeconomic benefits in the BRICS economies. The empirical evidence shows that the Basel III regulation is effective in increasing the resilience of banks. The regulation increases GDP albeit with some macroeconomic costs. However, the net benefits are positive. Thus, it seems worthwhile to adopt and implement the Basel III regulation in the BRICS economies.
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Plíva, Rostislav. "Standardy likvidity podle BASEL III a jejich dopad na vybrané banky ČR." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201135.
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Subject of this dissertation thesis is the readiness of selected Czech banks and one cooperative lending institution to implementation of BASEL III capital requirements. Analysis is concentrated to current state of BASEL II and BASEL III in field of liquidity. For a purpose of comparison the indicator of Liquidity Coverage Ratio required by BASEL III is calculated and, when necessary, theoretically modeled. Institutions are analyzed whether they are ready and what measures should be implemented to fulfill liquidity requirements including the impact of these measures to the market and market of financial instruments.
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Agaev, Orhan, and Niklas Lindberg. "Finanskrisens och de internationella ramverkens påverkan på bolåneräntor : En studie av svenska respektive danska bankers bolåneräntor." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16771.
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Syftet med studien var att undersöka vilken inverkan den senaste finanskrisen och de internationella ramverken har haft på de svenska respektive danska bankernas bolåneräntor. Studien eftersträvade även att undersöka vilka likheter och skillnader som finns mellan olika typer av banker samt mellan de korta respektive de långa bolåneräntorna. Författarna valde att använda sig av en kvalitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats som tillvägagångssätt. Det genomfördes kvalitativa intervjuer med personer vid ett antal noga utvalda banker för att ge en så bra och detaljerad bild som möjligt av problemområdet. Respondenterna fick stort utrymme att föra sina egna diskussioner för att vidare mynna ut i väldefinierade resultat. Resultatet av denna studie visar att svenska och danska banker är positivt inställda till införandet av de nya bestämmelserna och tror att det kommer bidra till en stabilare marknad. Finanskrisen har lett till att bankernas finansieringskostnader har ökat liksom användandet av ränteswappar. Bankerna finansierar även sin verksamhet på längre sikt vilket gör att den blir dyrare att bedriva.
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Petersson, Daniel, Kristin Vikdahl, and Jesper Nilemar. "Utvecklingen av den svenska företagsobligationsmarknaden : En institutionell analys av förändrade förutsättningar och dess påverkan på transaktionskostnader." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-102459.
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Bakgrund: De svenska företagens lånebaserade finansiering har historiskt sett mestadels utgjorts av banklån framför företagsobligationer. Efter finanskrisens start 2008, och fram till och med fjärde kvartalet år 2012, har den svenska företagsobligationsmarknaden vuxit med drygt 60 procent. I media framställs en bild där regelverket Basel III har gjort och kommer göra företagsobligationsmarknaden till en viktigare finansieringskälla för svenska företag. En studie om företagsobligationsmarknaden efterfrågas av Svenskt Näringsliv. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att kartlägga och utifrån institutionell teori analysera hur de ekonomiska förutsättningarna för den svenska företagsobligationsmarknaden har förändrats sedan år 2008. Genomförande: För att uppnå studiens syfte har ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt tillämpats. Empirin har samlats in genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med aktörer på företagsobligationsmarknaden. En intervjuguide utformades med grund i institutionell ekonomisk teori, med fokus på transaktionskostnader. Samma teoretiska referensram har sedan använts för att analysera den insamlade empirin. Slutsats: Tiden innan år 2008 kännetecknades av att företagen valde banklån. Detta för att bankerna kunde hantera banklån till låga transaktionskostnader. Institutionella förändringar sedan år 2008 har lett till att transaktionskostnaderna sänkts på företagsobligationsmarknaden. Företagsobligationer har således blivit ett bättre alternativ för många företag, även fast små företag fortfarande är utestängda från marknaden.Background: Swedish corporates’ debt financing have historically mostly consisted of bank loans instead of corporate bonds. Since the beginning of the financial crisis of 2008, leading up to the fourth quarter of 2012, the Swedish corporate bond market has grown by over 60 per cent. Media coverage of the market presents a picture where the corporate bond market has become an important source of financing as a result of the legal framework Basel III. A study of the corporate bond market has been requested by the Confederation of Swedish Enterprise. Aim: The purpose of the study is to identify and, by the use of institutional theory, analyse how the market conditions in the Swedish corporate bond market have changed since the year of 2008. Completion: To achieve the purpose of the study a qualitative research method has been applied. Empirical data have been collected through semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the Swedish corporate bond market. An interview guide was designed from an institutional theory perspective with a focus on transaction costs. The same theoretical framework has been used to analyze the empirical data. Conclusion: Before the year of 2008, debt financing was characterised by bank loans. This was the result of the banks’ ability to keep transaction costs low. Since the year of 2008, institutional changes have decreased transaction costs on the Swedish corporate bond market. Corporate bonds have become a more attractive alternative for many companies, even though small companies are still excluded from the market.
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Schramm, Sebastian Hermann. "The impact of BASEL III on European Banks business models." Master's thesis, reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/30154.
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Submitted by Sebastian Schramm (sebastian.schramm@yahoo.de) on 2014-10-28T19:37:40Z
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As Basel III represents a true regulatory paradigm shift in many respects, this paper examines a sample of 81 European banks to detect to what extent the impact of Basel III is already perceptible on alternative business models. It finds out that there have been only minor business model adjustments due to Basel III, while the main changes between 2010 and 2013 have taken place because of other exogenous factors, such as the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. Due to long observation- and transition periods, the major business model changes as response to Basel III are still ahead.
O acordo Basel III representa, em diversos aspectos, uma verdadeira mudança no paradigma regulatório. Este trabalho examina uma amostra composta por 81 bancos europeus para detectar até que ponto o impacto do Basel III é já perceptível em modelos de negócios alternativos. Descobre-se que os ajustes nos modelos de negócios causados pelo Basel III são mínimos, enquanto que as principais mudanças entre 2010 e 2013 deveram-se a outros factores exógenos, como por exemplo a crise da dívida soberana europeia. Devido à longa observação e aos períodos de transição, as maiores mudanças nos modelos de negócios como consequência do Basel III estarão ainda para acontecer.
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Schramm, Sebastian Hermann. "The impact of Basel III on European banks business models." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12331.
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Submitted by Sebastian Schramm (sebastian.schramm@yahoo.de) on 2014-10-28T19:37:40Z
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Master_Thesis_Sebastian_Schramm_FGV-Version.pdf: 679531 bytes, checksum: 38d557a86bc4fb61a1860f061d88b2b5 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luana Rodrigues (luana.rodrigues@fgv.br) on 2014-11-05T11:30:50Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Sebastian_Schramm_FGV-Version.pdf: 679531 bytes, checksum: 38d557a86bc4fb61a1860f061d88b2b5 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-11-05T11:46:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Master_Thesis_Sebastian_Schramm_FGV-Version.pdf: 679531 bytes, checksum: 38d557a86bc4fb61a1860f061d88b2b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-10-06
As Basel III represents a true regulatory paradigm shift in many respects, this paper examines a sample of 81 European banks to detect to what extent the impact of Basel III is already perceptible on alternative business models. It finds out that there have been only minor business model adjustments due to Basel III, while the main changes between 2010 and 2013 have taken place because of other exogenous factors, such as the European Sovereign Debt Crisis. Due to long observation- and transition periods, the major business model changes as response to Basel III are still ahead.
O acordo Basel III representa, em diversos aspectos, uma verdadeira mudança no paradigma regulatório. Este trabalho examina uma amostra composta por 81 bancos europeus para detectar até que ponto o impacto do Basel III é já perceptível em modelos de negócios alternativos. Descobre-se que os ajustes nos modelos de negócios causados pelo Basel III são mínimos, enquanto que as principais mudanças entre 2010 e 2013 deveram-se a outros factores exógenos, como por exemplo a crise da dívida soberana europeia. Devido à longa observação e aos períodos de transição, as maiores mudanças nos modelos de negócios como consequência do Basel III estarão ainda para acontecer.
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Franzén, Dan, and Otto Sjöholm. "Credit Valuation Adjustment: In theory and practice." Thesis, KTH, Matematisk statistik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-140841.
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This thesis is intended to give an overview of creditvaluation adjustment (CVA) and adjacent concepts. Firstly, the historicalevents that preceded the initiative to reform the Basel regulations and tointroduce CVA as a core component of counterparty credit risk are illustrated.After some conceptual background material, a journey is taken through theregulatory aspects of CVA. The three most commonly used methods for calculatingthe regulatory CVA capital charge are explained in detail and potentialchallenges with the methods are addressed. Further, the document analyses ingreater depth two of the methods; the internal model method (IMM) and thecurrent exposure method (CEM). The differences between these two methods areexplained mathematically and analysed. This comparison is supported bysimulations of portfolios containing interest rate swap contracts with differenttime to maturity and of counterparties with varying credit ratings. Oneconcluding observations is that credit valuation adjustment is a measure of centralimportance within counterparty credit risk. Further, it is shown that IMM has someimportant advantages over CEM, especially when it comes to model connection withreality. Finally, some possible future work to be done within the topic area is suggested.
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Sýkorová, Martina. "Družstevné záložne v Českej republike a ich význam v oblasti úverových produktov." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-195505.
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The thesis is focused on the analysis of credit products offered by the credit unions in the context of Czech retail banking. The objective of the thesis is to compare the terms of specifi c loan products of banks and credit unions. The first part is devoted to the history of credit unions in the Czech Republic since the late 20th century. Then it discusses the various types of products off ered by these institutions. The last part is trying to assess the specifi c terms of the credit products off ered by selected credit unions and banks.
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Růžička, Jan. "Analýza současného stavu mezinárodní bankovní regulace a její výhled do budoucna - od Basel I po Basel III." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81902.
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The aim of the diploma thesis is to analyze the evolution of banking regulation from the turn of the 19th and 20th century with regard to the introduction of global standards of regulation and supervision. Great emphasis was placed on the status and functionality of the current regulation and also on its future shape as Basel III rules. In the theoretical part Basel I and Basel II projects are presented. The first of these is the concept from 1987 (Basel I) with the emphasis on greater stability and reliability of the international banking system. Basel I, however, represented a very simple and straightforward form of regulation, where the only monitored standard is bank's credit exposure. The amendment to Basel I and primarily Basel II, introduced a pillar regulation structure, which is still valid and provides national regulator a sufficient power to carry out its activities. The second, practical part of the thesis is devoted to current development and problems of banking regulation. This part introducing Basel III represents not only the key point of the gradual increase in the amount of regulatory capital until 2019, but also the introduction of uniform standards for measuring liquidity and strengthening the supervisory powers.
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Bergman, Louise, and Evelina Åkerlind. "Finansiering av fastighetsbolag : Analys avseende behovet av alternativ till traditionell bankkredit." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-102216.
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De senaste årens oro i världsekonomin har medfört en åtstramning hos kreditinstituten. Innan finanskrisen beviljades kredit till generösa villkor men med skärpningar av regelverk, som Basel III, ställs nu högre krav på bankernas kapitaltäckning. Fastighetsbolagen märker av den förändrade situationen och vittnar om att den tidigare nästan obegränsade kapitaltillgången nu inte längre existerar. Det har blivit dyrare att låna pengar från bankerna och därför börjar allt fler söka efter alternativ. I Sverige är banksektorn stark gällande finansiering och marknaden är dominerad av ett fåtal storbanker. Innan krisen 2008 var ett flertal utländska banker aktiva på den svenska marknaden och konkurrensen tvingade ner priserna. Idag har de utländska bankerna försvunnit och några intervjupersoner menar att de svenska bankerna tar tillfället att öka sina marginaler. Ett viktigt påpekande är dock att investeringar inte enbart begränsas av bankerna, utan att även investerarna är mer avvaktande än tidigare på grund av den rådande oron. De åtstramningar som märks av idag anses inte vara förknippade med någon förändrad riskbild även om världssituationen självklart är ett orosmoment. Fastigheter ses fortfarande som en säker investering i relation till andra tillgångsslag och riskanalyser genomförs som tidigare. Förändringarna förklaras med de nya kapitaltäckningskraven och att det kostar mer för varje utlånad krona. Alternativ som används av fastighetsbolagen för att diversifiera sin finansieringsportfölj och minska beroendet av bankerna är bland annat preferensaktier, certifikatprogram och icke-säkerställda obligationer. Dessa lösningar kan däremot inte ersätta bankkredit men en finansieringsform som skulle kunna komma att utvecklas och konkurrera med traditionella banklån är säkerställda obligationer. Än så länge är det endast bolaget SFFAB som genomfört en emission av denna finansieringsform för börsnoterade fastighetsbolag. Däremot är säkerställda obligationer mer vanligt utomlands, bland annat i Danmark, Norge och Tyskland. Bland potentiella investerare nämns institutioner som försäkringsbolag och pensionsbolag men för att dessa ska ha möjlighet att investera krävs att ratingsystem upprättas. Säkerställda obligationer skulle inte heller ses som en fastighetstillgång för institutionerna utan skulle jämföras med andra räntebärande papper. Institutioner tros även i framtiden kunna fylla bankernas roll som långivare i större utsträckning genom billaterala låneförbindelser men de institutioner som intervjuats säger dock att de föredrar direkt investering i fastigheter för att erhålla de diversifieringsfördelar som efterfrågas. Säkerställda obligationer har potential att ersätta bankkredit för långa upplåningstider men det återstår en del frågetecken innan finansieringsformen kan bli riktigt attraktiv, som exempelvis vad som händer då en fastighet som pantsatts ska säljas. Utvecklingen styrs av hur stark efterfrågan på alternativ är och ifall konkurrensen ökar på den svenska bankmarknaden och mer attraktiva priser erbjuds, kommer behovet att minska och utvecklingen att stanna av.
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Maraval, Claire, and Ekaterina Nedorezova. "THE BASEL III LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS AND BANKS’ STOCK RETURNS : A quantitative study of the impact of the Basel III liquidity requirements on the banks’ stock returns." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-161313.
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The 2008 financial crisis highlighted the critical need for more liquidity regulation in the financial sector, in particular among the banking industry. In November 2010, the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision introduced two new liquidity requirements,based on the liquidity coverage ratio (LCR) and on the net stable fund ratio (NSFR). In the European Union, the Basel III liquidity requirements became mandatory to fulfill for all banks in 2013. The implementation on those requirements has started in 2015 and is not yet finished. This research project will investigate the impact of the Basel III liquidity requirements on the banks’ stock returns. Our research question aims at establishing how the introduction of the Basel III liquidity requirements affects banks’ stock returns. The existing literature on the subject is very scarce, as the implementation of the liquidity requirements dates back from only 2015 and is still not complete. However, there are previous research works focusing on the impact of the liquidity requirements on profitability which we will use as the foundation of our project. To answer to our research question, we conducted a quantitative analysis on a sample comprising 28 banks from the European Union and from the European EconomicArea. These banks were selected from the 2018 EU-wide stress test results of the European Banking Authority. The quantitative study is using as main variables the Basel III liquidity requirements, the deposits-to-assets ratio and the return-on-assets ratio. The time frame of the research comprises the years between 2011 and 2018. The findings of our work establish a significant negative effect of the implementation of the Basel III liquidity requirements on the banks’ stock returns.
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Rodrigues, Dinis Ribeiro Leocádio Geraldes. "Basel III: The impact of an increase in regulation in a recession framework." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9848.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis work project aims to assess the impact of Basel III’s proposal in the Portuguese banking sector, a sector experiencing particularly difficult times in a distressed country. The industry is represented by its three largest quoted banking groups, two of them under government intervention. The impact is evaluated through the estimation of the banks’ capital ratios through Basel III’s expected implementation calendar, through the analysis of the banks’ capital needs based on their publicly available information and industry research. The impact will vary depending on the bank; on average, it will result in a decrease in banks’ excess capital. Banks will have difficulties to comply if state-owned CoCos are not considered part of regulatory capital. The new standards will penalize those banks with a recent history of poor performance, and decrease the difference between regulatory and equity capital.
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Reda, Nour, and Johan Laryd. "BASEL III : En studie om baselregelverkets påverkan på den svenska banksektorn." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15688.
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Titel: Basel III – En studie om baselregelverkets påverkan på den svenska banksektorn Nivå: D-nivå (30 Högskolepoäng) inom ämnet företagsekonomi Författare: Nour Reda 891029-xxxx, Johan Laryd 850131-xxxx Handledare: Per-Olof Bjuggren, Professor inom nationalekonomi; Economics, Finance and Statistics, Internationella Handelshögskolan. Louise Nordström, Doktorand inom nationalekonomi; Economics, Finance and Statistics, Internationella Handelshögskolan. Datum: Jönköping, Maj 2011 Frågeställningar: (i) Vilka behov finns för att det befintliga regelverket skall kompletteras? (ii) Hur kommer införandet av Basel III ändra kostnadsfördelningen mellan banken och dess kunder? (iii) Kommer införandet av Basel III leda till en stabilare finansiell marknad? Syfte: Det övergripande syftet med denna studie är att beskriva och undersöka Basel III:s påverkan på den svenska banksektorn. Metod: Författarna har inom studien använt en kvalitativ metod med en deduktiv ansats som tillvägagångssätt. De intervjufrågor som vi tagit fram har grundats på studiens tre frågeställningar. Respondenterna som intervjuats är personer som är ansvariga eller delaktiga i arbetet mot införandet av Basel III. Det har lämnats stort utrymme för respondenterna att kunna föra sina egna diskussioner för att vidare mynna till väldefinierade resultat. Resultat Resultatet av denna studie visar att de svenska storbankerna är positivt inställda mot införandet av Basel III och tror att det nya regelverket kommer bidra till en stabilare finansiell marknad. Kritik riktas mot regelverkets nya krav på bankers likviditet, samt det bruttosoliditetskrav som kommer införas. Som en effekt av det nya regelverket kommer bankernas kostnader öka, vilket i sin tur kommer drabba deras kunder negativt, i form av högre räntekostnader.Title: Basel III – An investigation about the impact of Basel III on the Swedish banking sector Level: D-level (30 ECTS) Master Degree in Business Administration Arthur: Nour Reda 891029-xxxx, Johan Laryd 850131-xxxx Supervisor: Per-Olof Bjuggren, Professor in Economics, Department; Economics, Finance and Statistics, International Business School. Louise Nordstrom, PhD in economics, Department; Economics, Finance and Statistics, International Business School. Date: Jonkoping, May 2011 Questions: (i) Is there any needs for the existing set of regulations to be complemented? (ii) How will the new set of regulations effect the cost distribution between the Swedish banks and their clients? (iii) Will the effects of Basel III lead to a more stable financial market? Purpose: The overall goal of this paper is to describe and examine the impact of Basel III on the Swedish banking sector. Method: The authors have used a qualitative method with a deductive approach for the thesis. The interview questions are founded on the basis of the three question formulations of the thesis. The respondents who were interviewed are persons responsible or somehow involved in work towards the introduction of Basel III. There has been considerable scope for respondents to bring their own discussions in order to achieve well-defined results. Result: The result of this study shows that the major Swedish banks have a positive attitude towards the implementation of Basel III, and that they believe the new regulation will contribute to a more stable financial market. The new liquidity ratios and the leverage ratio are given criticism from the banks. A direct effect of the new regulation is increased costs for Swedish Banks. Which will affect their customers negatively through a higher cost of capital.
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SILVA, RAFAEL RIBEIRO MADEIRA DA. "THE IMPACT OF BASEL III LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS ON BANK LIQUIDITY MANAGEMENT." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=33568@1.
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Este trabalho analisa o impacto dos requerimentos de liquidez da Basiléia III na gestão de liquidez dos bancos. A partir de uma base de dados que engloba bancos de todos os países signatários do Comitê de Basiléia III, foram definidos indicadores de liquidez bancária com base nas práticas utilizadas na literatura econômica e que busquem servir de proxies aos indicadores propostos pelo Comitê. Foram então verificados os cronogramas de implementação dos novos requerimentos de liquidez estabelecido por cada país. Acompanhou-se, então, a evolução dos indicadores de liquidez antes e depois do novo requerimento de liquidez instituído pelo Comitê. Foi observado alta estatisticamente relevante nas proxies de liquidez de curto prazo. Por outro lado, o resultado das regressões que buscam acompanhar a evolução de liquidez de longo prazo demonstraram quedas estatisticamente significativas.This paper analyzes the impact of Basel III liquidity requirements on banks liquidity management. Indicators of bank liquidity were defined based on the practices used in the economic literature and that seek to serve as proxies to the indicators proposed by the Committee. Database was built including banks from all countries that are signatories to the Basel III Committee. The timelines for implementation of the new liquidity requirements established by each country were then verified. The evolution of the liquidity indicators before and after the new liquidity requirement established by the Committee was followed. A statistically significant elevation was observed in short-term liquidity proxies. On the other hand, the result of the regressions that seek to follow the evolution of long-term liquidity showed statistically significant declines.
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Černý, Tomáš. "Basel III proticyklická opatření a jejich potencionální dopad na české banky." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192337.
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This diploma thesis deals with countercyclical measures of Basel III which will come into force in future. Thesis outlines the issue of cyclical effects which appeared in connection with application of Basel II and provides basic information about new treatment of this issue in Basel III. Further the thesis discusses preparedness of the czech banking sector for the introduction of countercyclical buffers and possibility of Tier I capital formation which should be the main part of the new bank capital adequacy including the capital buffers in future. Subsequently this thesis informs about conditions of using the countercyclical buffers and examines possible appropriate timing for their application. In the other parts of the thesis three selected foreign banking sectors and czech banking sector are examinated with the main focus on their weak spots and their possible development in the case of application of Basel III before the beginning of the world economic crisis in 2007 . In the end the stability of the czech banking sector is examined in detail by using the crisis scenarios and also the impact of application of Basel III before 2007 is discussed.
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Sayah, Mabelle. "Understanding some new Basel III implementation issues for Lebanese Commercial Banks." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1150/document.
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L'objectif de cette thèse est de fournir à la banque Audi un outil à jour sur les façons de calculer le capital requis par Bâle pour certains risques financiers présents dans le portefeuille de la banque. La régulation internationale est en développement continu : des nouvelles approches sont proposées afin de couvrir au mieux les risques du marché et du secteur bancaire. Les crises financières récentes étaient à la base de ces réformes. De plus, la Banque Audi opère sur des marchés qui présentent des caractères spécifiques qu'il faut prendre en considération lors du calcul du capital requis. Cette thèse se concentre sur le risque de taux d'intérêt dans le livre de négociation de la banque, le risque de contrepartie et précisément l'ajustement d'évaluation de crédit tout en incorporant l'impact de la corrélation entre la qualité du crédit de la contrepartie et l'exposition prévue envers cette même contrepartie. La première partie de cette thèse traite de la nouvelle méthodologie suggérée par Bâle sur le Trading Book : Fundamental Review of the Trading Book. Le risque de taux d'intérêt est particulièrement analysé en utilisant la méthode standard, Sensitivity Based Approach (SBA), et des méthodes plus 'traditionnelles' de valeur à risque tout en utilisant différents modèles tels que Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH), l'Analyse en Composantes Principales (ACP), l'Analyse en composantes indépendantes (ACI) et la version dynamique du modèle de taux de Nelson Siegel (DNS). Une application sur des portefeuilles d'obligations zéro coupons de différentes devises permet d'identifier la diversification des résultats entre les marchés stables européens (comme la France), moins stables (exemple Etats-Unis) et les marchés émergents (tel la Turquie). La deuxième partie est consacrée au risque de Contrepartie. Récemment, un nouveau capital est requis par les normes de Bâle afin de couvrir ce genre de risque. En 2014, la méthode est publiée : Standardized Approach for Counterparty Credit Risk (SA-CCR). On applique cette méthode sur différents types de produits dérivés afin de comparer le capital demandé par cette approche à celui obtenu par les modèles internes. Les modèles internes incorporent les estimations historiques ainsi que les projections futures du marché tout en se basant sur des modèles bien connus tels que Vasicek et GARCH. Plusieurs structures de hedging sont mises en place afin de mesurer l'impact de chacune sur les deux montants de capitaux requis (sous la méthode standard ou l'IMM). L'effet sur des produits en EUR et USD reflété que le modèle interne demande 80% du capital standard quand aucune stratégie de hedging n'est mise en place. Par contre, le hedging semble être beaucoup plus favorisé par le modèle standard que le modèle interne. La troisième partie est toujours sur le risque de Contrepartie, mais se focalise sur l'ajustement d'´évaluation de crédit (CVA). Ce sujet ne faisait pas partie des capitaux requis sauf récemment. A cause de son grand impact durant les récentes crises financières. Dès lors, si une opération avec des produits dérivés ne passe pas par une central clearing houses, un capital pour le CVA est requis. Dans ce travail, on détaille les méthodes acceptées par Bâle afin de calculer ces capitaux et on les compare entre elles. La comparaison se fait en se basant sur des portefeuilles de swap de taux d'intérêts avec, comme contreparties, différents pays d'Investment Grade. Cet article incorpore en plus l'impact de la corrélation entre la détérioration de la qualité de la contrepartie et l'augmentation de l'exposition prévue avec cette contrepartie connue sous le nom de WrongWay Risk : des modèles de correction d'erreurs (ECM) sont mis en place afin de déterminer ce lien. Les résultats permettent de montrer l'importance d'utiliser les CDS des contreparties et non de se limiter à leur note (Investment Grade ou pas)This thesis aims at providing Bank Audi with an updated tool to understand and investigate in given risk types encountered in their portfolios and the way Basel suggests computing their capital charges. International regulator is constantly changing and modifying previously used approaches to enhance the reflection of the market and banking sector risks. The recent financial crisis played a major role in these reforms, in addition the situation of Bank Audi and the markets it is operating in, represent certain specifications that should be accounted for. The work handles interest rate risk in the trading book, Counterparty Credit Risk faced with derivatives along a closer look on the Credit Valuation Adjustment topic and the incorporation of Wrong Way Risk. The first part discusses the new Fundamental Review of the Trading Book: focusing on the general interest rate risk factor, the paper compared Basel’s Sensitivity Based Approach (SBA) capital charge to more traditional approaches of VaR using several models such as Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (GARCH), Principal Components Analysis (PCA), Independent Components Analysis (ICA) and Dynamic Nelson Siegel. Application on portfolios with zero coupon bonds of different sovereigns revealed the divergence in results between stable markets (such as France and Germany), less stable (such as the USA) and emergent markets (such as Turkey). The second part is dedicated to the Counterparty Credit Risk. A new capital charge methodology was proposed by Basel and set as a standard rule in 2014: the Standardized Approach for Counterparty Credit Risk (SA-CCR). Applying this approach on different derivatives portfolios, we compared it to internal models. The internal methodologies incorporated historical estimations and future projections based on Vasicek and GARCH models. Different hedging cases were investigated on EUR and USD portfolios. The impact of each hedging technique and the difference between IMM and the standardized methods were highlighted in this work: without hedging, the internal approach amends 80% of the standardized capital whereas, in general, the hedging is encouraged more under the standardized approach relatively to its capital reduction under the internal model. The third part remains a part of the Counterparty Credit Risk however, the main focus in this work is the Credit Valuation Adjustment. This topic was neglected in terms of capital charge earlier but due to its important impact is now incorporated as a capital charge amended when no central clearing is put in place when dealing with derivatives. We focus on the regulatory approaches of capital computation, comparing both accepted approaches based on portfolios of interest rate swaps held with investment grade sovereigns. An incorporation of the Wrong Way Risk is another addition in this work: using Error Correction Models we were able to reflect the impact of the correlation between the exposure and the credit quality of the investment grade sovereign we are dealing with. Based on such results, a suggestion of a re-calibrated standardized approach is in place to encourage the use of the CDS as an indicator of the credit quality of the counterparty and not its grade (investment or not) as followed by the new Basel regulations
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Sjöman, Pontus. "Internationella regelverks påverkan på sparbanker i Kalmar län : En studie av Basel III." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-44895.
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BAKGRUND De senaste åren har regelverken för banksektorn blivit allt mer omfattande. Regelverket Basel III ställer ökade krav på bankerna gällande såväl kapital som likviditet, och det är i stort sett samma regelverk som gäller för storbanker som för små sparbanker. Sparbanker är en intressant associationsform med en lång historia och de har ofta mycket stor betydelse för de orter där de är verksamma. SYFTE Syftet med denna rapport är att undersöka hur sparbanker i Kalmar län upplever det ökade regelverk som har införts för banker under de senaste åren. I syftet ingår även att undersöka vilka konkreta förändringar som införandet av Basel III har lett till i sparbankernas verksamhet samt om sparbankerna kan leva upp till de ökade kraven. METOD Detta är en kvalitativ studie som bygger på personliga intervjuer med representanter från fyra sparbanker i Kalmar län samt en intervju med en representant från Sparbankernas riksförbund. Studien har ett hermeneutiskt synsätt och studiens resultat är därför präglat av hur jag som uppsatsförfattare har tolkat intervjupersonerna. REFERENSRAM Detta kapitel innehåller ett resonemang kring finansiella regelverk och kriser samt en beskrivning av Knutsen och Sjögrens kriscykelmodell. Referensramen innehåller även en presentation av Baselkommittén för banktillsyn och en redogörelse för innehållet i Basel III. Slutligen presenteras några av de konsekvenser som införandet av Basel III för med sig. RESULTAT OCH SLUTSATSER Samtliga respondenter är överens om att Basel III inte är anpassat för sparbankernas verksamhet och att det har kommit mycket nya regleringar på kort tid. Införandet av Basel III innebär att sparbankerna måste strukturera om vissa delar av sitt kapital för att nå de nya kraven. Sparbankernas lönsamhet kommer att minska något som en följd av Basel III och införandet av det nya regelverket har inneburit en ökad administrativ börda. Samtidigt är sparbankerna väl rustade inför framtiden och har god likviditet och mycket kapital.
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Akbarian, Tari Saman, and Anna Lilly Brodersson. "Kapitalkravs Inverkan på Bankers Tjänsteutbud och Kundhantering : – i ljuset av Basel III." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-202567.
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Behovet av regleringar av den finansiella marknaden blev extra påtagligt i samband med den finansiella kris som drabbade världen 2008. Krisen bidrog till framtagandet av det nya regelverket Basel III. Regelverket kommer att börja gälla i Sverige 2014. Syftet med Basel III är att banker ska bli mer risktåliga för att förhindra framtida bankkriser. Det finns emellertid en oro för att det nya regelverket, med förändrade kapitalkrav för banker ska bidra till både högre priser och lägre utbud av krediter för bankernas kunder. Detta skulle kunna medföra en bromsad ekonomisk tillväxt. Syftet med uppsatsen är att ge en överblick av hur affärsbanker verksamma i Sverige har valt att bemöta Basel III med fokus på kapitalkraven. Vidare undersöks hur regelverket, och då främst kapitalkraven, påverkar bankers riskhantering, företagskunder och tjänsteutbud. Fokus ligger på utlåning och därigenom även på hur bankers hantering av kreditrisker påverkats. En kvalitativ metod har tillämpats. Datainsamlingen har huvudsakligen bestått av semistrukturerade intervjuer med åtta respondenter från fem olika banker av varierande storlek. Analys av insamlad data har utgått från en analysmodell. Analysmodellen formulerades med utgångspunkt i en litteraturgenomgång. Slutsatserna var att alla de medverkande bankernas kapitalsituationer var bra redan innan Basel III, men att de trots detta vidtagit åtgärder för att minska kapitalkravens påverkan på deras verksamhet. Bankerna har valt att öka sina kapitalkvoter både genom att stärka deras kapitalbaser och minska deras riskexponering. Detta har bidragit till minskad tillgänglighet på kapitalkrävande tjänster och tydliga indikationer på försök att minska exponeringen för kreditrisker. För bankernas kunder har detta inneburit högre priser samt minskad tillgänglighet på traditionella banklån. Detta framförallt för kunder med hög riskprofil. I fråga om tjänster märks en tydlig strävan mot mindre kapitalkrävande alternativ. Slutligen kunde en tendens att de större bankerna påverkades mer än de mindre påvisas.
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He, Wentao. "Credit market under the risk-based capital requirement." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648831.
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Soufani, Muhammad Mhd Radwan Al. "Basel III liquidity rules : measuring the impact on Portuguese small banks activity." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7955.
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Mestrado em FinançasEm 2009-10, os padrões, LCR e NSFR foram introduzidos pelo acordo de Basileia III no sentido desenvolver e estabelecer critérios de funcionamento para a Gestão de Liquidez na Banca, Uma vez efetuada a sua completa implementação, estes novos padrões deverão conduzir o sector bancário a um novo nível de desenvolvido orientado para a garantia da resistência contra choques de Liquidez. Este trabalho de investigação irá reflectir sobre a teoria por detrás do LCR e o NSFR, destacando os efeitos mais significativos destes dois padrões. O Trabalho complementa a teoria com um estudo em seis pequenos bancos operando no mercado português, num período de oito anos, a partir do ano de 2005.
In 2009-10, the LCR and NSFR standards were lately introduced by Basel III Accord for improving banks' liquidity management. When full implementation takes place, the LCR and NSFR are expected to bring the banking sector into a developed system that guarantees resilient standing against severe liquidity shocks. This research paper is going to elaborate on the theory behind the LCR and NSFR, and will point out major repercussions accompanying the employment of the two standards. The paper complements the theory with an empirical study on six representative small banks operating in the Portuguese banking sector, with a study period of eight years starting from 2005. In the end, useful conclusions, regarding the sample banks' activities with respect to the LCR and NSFR, will be presented based on both theory and research.
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Louro, Pedro Lobato Pereira Castanheiro. "Liquidity rules in Basel III : a test on the largest portuguese banks." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/7677.
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Mestrado em FinançasO principal objectivo da presente dissertação foi uma análise preliminar sobre os novos regulamentos provenientes do Basileia III, nomeadamente, uma análise inicial ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio e a sua aplicação prática assim como os seus benefícios na gestão do risco de liquidez nas instituições financeiras. Neste sentido, foram seleccionadas as 5 instituições financeiras, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2012, que representavam a amostra mais relevante em termos de actividade no sector Português da banca comercial ("mercado bancário" Português). Recorrendo ao Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido, foi possível observar que o "mercado bancário" português apresentou, inicialmente, um Liquidity Coverage Ratio acima do requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). O Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtido no "mercado bancário" Português foi de 102% em 2013. Num cenário simulado de stress, pode ser verificado que, o mínimo que a carteira de activos líquidos de alta qualidade no "mercado bancário" pode cair é de aproximadamente 59% do seu valor, à data de 31 de Dezembro de 2013, e ainda assim existem condições para cumprir com o mínimo requerido pelo Basileia III (60%). De acordo com todas as análises realizadas, foi possível concluir que o "mercado bancário" Português, tem capacidade para suportar, eficientemente, qualquer cenário de stress financeiro. Desta forma, o mercado detém uma quantidade suficiente de activos líquidos de alta qualidade, que podem fácil e rapidamente ser convertidos em dinheiro (nos sector privados) que suportem uma volatilidade de mercado significativa ou cenários de stress que durem mais de 30 dias.
The main objective of the present dissertation was a preliminary analysis of the new regulatory package of Basel III, namely, a first analysis of the Liquidity Coverage Ratio computation, its practical application and its benefits for liquidity risk management in financial institutions. For this purposes, it was selected a sample of 5 Portuguese financial institutions which, as at 31 December 2012, represented the most relevant financial institutions with retail banking activities (Portuguese "banking market"). Considering the average Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained it was possible to observe that the Portuguese "banking market" started to present a Liquidity Coverage Ratio clearly above the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). The Liquidity Coverage Ratio obtained by the Portuguese "banking market" insofar was 102% for 2013. In a simulated stress scenario, we were able to verify that the minimum which Portuguese "banking market" high quality liquidity assets stock could drop was approximately 59% of its value, at 31st of December 2013, and still maintain the conditions to fulfil the Basel III minimum requirement (60%). According to all the analysis performed, it was possible to conclude that the Portuguese "banking market" has the ability to efficiently sustain, any financial stress scenario. In this sense, holds sufficient stock of high quality liquidity assets that could be easily and immediately converted into cash (in private markets) in order to sustain a significant market volatility or stress scenarios lasting over 30 calendar days.
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Alsoufani, Muhammad Mhd Radwan. "Basel III liquidity rules : measuring the impact on portuguese small banks activity." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/11559.
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Mestrado em FinançasEm 2009-10, os padrões, LCR e NSFR foram introduzidos pelo acordo de Basileia III no sentido desenvolver e estabelecer critérios de funcionamento para a Gestão de Liquidez na Banca, Uma vez efetuada a sua completa implementação, estes novos padrões deverão conduzir o sector bancário a um novo nível de desenvolvido orientado para a garantia da resistência contra choques de Liquidez. Este trabalho de investigação irá reflectir sobre a teoria por detrás do LCR e o NSFR, destacando os efeitos mais significativos destes dois padrões. O Trabalho complementa a teoria com um estudo em seis pequenos bancos operando no mercado português, num período de oito anos, a partir do ano de 2005.
In 2009-10, the LCR and NSFR standards were lately introduced by Basel III Accord for improving banks' liquidity management. When full implementation takes place, the LCR and NSFR are expected to bring the banking sector into a developed system that guarantees resilient standing against severe liquidity shocks. This research paper is going to elaborate on the theory behind the LCR and NSFR, and will point out major repercussions accompanying the employment of the two standards. The paper complements the theory with an empirical study on six representative small banks operating in the Portuguese banking sector, with a study period of eight years starting from 2005. In the end, useful conclusions, regarding the sample banks' activities with respect to the LCR and NSFR, will be presented based on both theory and research.
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Persson, Philip, and Emil Fredin. "Basel III : En studie om hur banker och dess kunder påverkas avdet nya regelverket." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-333993.
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I ett försök att förhindra framtida bankkriser och göra banker stabilare mot svängningar i ekonomin upprättade Baselkommittén 1993 ett regelverk som kom att benämnas Basel-1. Bankerna skulle bli stabilare genom att stärka kapitaltäckningsreglerna. Dessa regler lyckades inte uppnå sitt syfte och regelverket ansågs otillräckligt. Nya regler utformades och Baselkommittén arbetade fram ett åtstramat regelverk, Basel-2. Den finansiella krisen 2008 visade dock att även Basel-2 regelverket var otillräckligt. Med anledning av detta så har nu Baselkommittén arbetat fram, nya, mer åtstramade regler med högre kapitalkrav för banker som kommer att införas med start 2013 och som kallas Basel-3. För att få en förståelse för hur Basel-3 kan komma att påverka bankerna och några av dess intressenter har två problemformuleringar tagits fram. Hur tror bankkontorschefer att banker kommer att påverkas av det nya regelverket Basel-3? Hur tror bankkontorschefer att deras kunder kommer att påverkas av det nya regelverket Basel-3? Studien har avgränsat sig till banker på Gotland och intervjuer är gjorda med kontorschefer på Handelsbanken, Nordea och Swedbank. Detta för att få svar på hur de tror att regelverket kan komma att påverka bankerna och deras kunder. Vi har använt oss av noggrant utvalda frågor och skapat ett frågeformulär som besvarats av respondenterna. I teoridelen presenteras intressentmodellen för att få en ökad förståelse för vilka intressenter som kan beröras av en organisations förändringar. Den intressent vi tittar närmare på är framförallt bankens kunder. Teori om Baselregelverken baseras i huvudsak på rapporter och artiklar från Sveriges Riksbank, Finansinspektionen och Basels respektive hemsidor. Undersökningen visar att regelverket Basel-3 kommer påverka bankerna och deras kunder på flera sätt. De högre kapitalkraven samt de nya likviditetsreglerna innebär att bankerna måste skaffa mer kvalitativt kapital för att kunna stå emot negativa förändringar i ekonomin. Detta kräver att bankerna måste förändra sina risksystem vilket leder till höga kostnader. Respondenterna tror att dessa kostnader framförallt kommer att läggas på kunderna genom högre räntor. De tror även att regelverket Basel- 3 kommer att påverka de mindre bra kunderna genom att det blir svårare för dessa att få lån.To prevent the emergence of bank crises and to help banks resist turbulent economy, the Basel Committee created a regulation framework. This framework was introduced in 1993 and was called Basel-1. During the years this framework has been changed to suite new situations. The latest change was done after the financial crises in 2008 and is going to be implemented in 2013. This, latest edition is called Basel-3 and includes among other things a strong capital requirement. Before the implementation of Basel-3 many questions has come to light. To answer some of these, two problem formulations have been created in this thesis. How do the bank office managers think that they will be affected by the new regulations of Basel-3? How do the bank office managers think that their customers will be affected by the new regulations of Basel-3? To seek the answers to these questions, three bank directors have answered quite many questions in interviews and by e-mail. These answers have been formed and put together to get an idea of what they think will happen when the new regulations of Basel-3 will be implemented. When analyzing these answers the authors have found out that both the banks and their customers probably and already have been affected by these new regulations in quite many ways.
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Bartůsek, Michal. "A STUDY ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF NEW REGULATORY PROPOSALS ON CYCLICALITY OF CAPITAL REQUIREMENTS: THE CASE OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-150306.
Full textAbstract:
This work focuses on new regulatory proposals, primarily Basel III accords and analyzes its ability to create a buffer for recurrent credit bubbles. This paper follows a research made by Lis, Pagés and Saurina [2000]. Their paper has illustrated the cyclicality of loan growth and GDP growth for Spain. This cyclicality is supported by cyclical Basel II regulation. In this paper is examined the ability of new regulatory proposals such as Basel III, statistical provisions and change in the approach to the probability of default, to cope with recurrent credit bubbles. According to my critical assessment, Basel III may not be able to create sufficient capital buffer for exceptional credit bubbles such as the current one. This buffer suggested by Basel III has several drawbacks which may decrease its functionality. Statistical provision is not an appropriate measure either, because it could weaken the fair and true view of financial statements principle. Change in approach to probability of default seems to be rational and effective. The only issue may relate to its recovery mechanisms. It doesn't support economic growth in time of economic recession. The author's proposal of new countercyclical buffer, which would be based on credit-to-GDP ratio and GDP growth to loan growth gap is introduced at the end of this work. Although this measure may have negative impact on GDP growth, it may create an appropriate buffer to systematic credit risk.