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Journal articles on the topic 'Bash Shell'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 2 August 2025

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1

Vogel, Sven C. "gsaslanguage: aGSASscript language for automated Rietveld refinements of diffraction data." Journal of Applied Crystallography 44, no. 4 (2011): 873–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0021889811023181.

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A description of the gsaslanguage software is presented. The software provides input to and processes output from theGSASpackage. It allows the development of scripts for the automatic evaluation of large numbers of data sets and provides documentation of the refinement strategies employed, thus fostering the development of efficient refinement strategies. Use of the bash shell and standard Unix text-processing tools, available natively on Linux and Mac OSX platforms andviathe freecygwinsoftware on Windows systems, make this software platform independent.

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2

Khlestkin, Andrei Yurevich, Aleksandr Vyacheslavovich Raikov, Andrei Alekseevich Kazantsev, Daniil Pavlovich Emelin, and Denis Vyacheslavovich Larin. "The role of operating systems and shells in cloud computing: analysis of OS and shells used in cloud platforms and their impact on cloud infrastructure." Программные системы и вычислительные методы, no. 4 (April 2024): 93–108. https://doi.org/10.7256/2454-0714.2024.4.70626.

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The main focus of the article is on operating systems, cloud computing and command shells, which have been actively developing for several decades and are already part of the life of both an ordinary user and a computer technology professional. These objects are considered as separate components of information technology, as well as their relationship and the results of this relationship. Operating systems in cloud servers perform a managerial role. To be more precise, they manage the resources of physical servers. Operating systems or OS in this case define several parameters. These parameter

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3

Madamanchi, Sambasiva Rao. "Modern Approaches to Unix Automation: Shell Scripting, Configuration Management, and Security." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 13, no. 6 (2025): 3190–201. https://doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2025.72773.

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This study examines key scripting methodologies essential for automating Unix system administration within modern IT infrastructures. As systems grow in complexity, automation becomes crucial for achieving consistency, scalability, and reliability. The study explores Unix shell environments including Bash, sh, and zsh, and introduces foundational scripting elements such as syntax, control flow, I/O redirection, and execution permissions. It highlights practical applications in user account management, backups, monitoring, and software deployment, supported by real world examples. Scheduling me

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4

Sterniczuk, Bartosz. "Comparison of EXT4 and NTFS filesystem performance." Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 25 (December 30, 2022): 297–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.3004.

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The aim of this article is to compare the two most popular and competing file systems – EXT4 and NTFS in Ubutnu with the use of SSD disk.. At the beginning of this article, a critical description of the literature was made, explaining the purposefulness of the research undertaken. Additionally, the basics of the operation of both discussed file systems are explained. The research consisted of copying files between two partitions and measuring the time of this operation using a specially developed system shell script in the bash language. The conducted research has shown that the EXT4 system is

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Fadhilah, Farah, and Ronald Adrian. "Implementasi Modul Otomatisasi Penetration Testing Menggunakan Bourne Again Shell Scripting pada Website Aplikasi Stream PT. Intikom Berlian Mustika Berbasis Kali Linux." Jurnal Sistem dan Teknologi Informasi (JustIN) 11, no. 3 (2023): 554. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/justin.v11i3.67468.

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Kejahatan dunia maya merupakan suatu jenis kejahatan yang dapat terjadi pada siapa saja dan kapan saja. Kejahatan dunia maya dapat dilakukan melalui jaringan internet dan pada umumnya dilakukan menggunakan perangkat keras komputer sebagai alat untuk melakukan kejahatan. PT. Intikom Berlian Mustika baru saja merilis Website Aplikasi Stream yang belum diketahui kerentanan yang dimiliki. Berdasarkan persoalan yang ada, diperlukan adanya pengujian kerentanan dengan melakukan Penetration Testing pada website tersebut. Saat ini, efisiensi waktu dalam melaksanakan suatu pengujian sistem sangat dibutu

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Rawat, Ravi, Kamal Kant, Anoop Kumar, Kajal Bhati, and Saurabh M. Verma. "HeroMDAnalysis: an automagical tool for GROMACS-based molecular dynamics simulation analysis." Future Medicinal Chemistry 13, no. 5 (2021): 447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4155/fmc-2020-0191.

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Background & objective: Molecular dynamics simulations (MDS) using GROMACS are among the commonly used computational experiments in the area of molecular biology and drug discovery. This article presents a project called HeroMDAnalysis, an automagical tool to analyze the GROMACS-based MDS trajectories and generate plots as high-quality images for various parameters. Materials & methods: The tool was built using bash shell programming, and graphical user interface was built using Zenity engine. Results & conclusion: This tool offers a simple, semiautomated, and relatively fast frame

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Markowski, Mateusz, and Jakub Smołka. "A comparative analysis of the Flutter and React Native frameworks." Journal of Computer Sciences Institute 29 (December 29, 2023): 346–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/jcsi.3794.

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The article describes a comparative analysis of the resource usage performance of mobile applications developed using Flutter and React Native frameworks. The purpose of this study was to see which technology is more efficient. The study consisted in creating two mobile apps with the same functionalities and then comparing usage of the following resources: Virtual Memory (VIRT), Shared Memory (SHR), Central Processing Unit (CPU), Resident Set Size (RES) and Memory (MEM). The functionality of the application consisted of actions on the GUI. The test was conducted on a Huawei P20 Lite smartphone

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Son’Aniy, Irham, and Bambang Sugiantoro. "Design and Development of an Automatic Watering System Based on Bash Shell with OpenWRT Platform on Chili Plants." IJID (International Journal on Informatics for Development) 6, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ijid.2017.06101.

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Indonesia is an agrarian country. Because of the wide agriculture area, Indonesia became the exporter country in agriculture sector. Nowadays, the developments in every fields are always increasing. One of those field is technology. Technology should give some contributions which can develop the agriculture field. One of the contribution that can be done is automatic watering system on chili, so it become easier for the farmers to control the chili. The automatic watering system use internet technology to control a device from distance. This chili’s automatic watering system based on bash shel

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Putra, Rizky Dwiananda, and Is Mardianto. "Exploitation with Reverse_tcp Method on Android Device using Metasploit." Jurnal Edukasi dan Penelitian Informatika (JEPIN) 5, no. 1 (2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jp.v5i1.26893.

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Android is a popular operating system on smartphone which run on linux kernel. Android operating system allows developers to access and modify source code, but this advantage also increases the security issue. One of the various attack is exploit, that many attacker carry out this type of attack to get sensitive user information. In this research, exploit attacks are done used some tool such as metasploit framework and this experiment is done on android device which one be a target attack. The result obtained from this exploit attack in the form of an understanding of how to conduct exploit at

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Ulla Khan, Roshan, and Vijayalakshmi A. PhD. "Shell Script to Clone AODV Routing Protocol in Network Simulator-2." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.4 (2018): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.4.14668.

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Background and Objective: Most of the research that are carried in ad hoc routing protocol is through simulation. While working with a simulator, the codes are enclosed in a component that is accessible to all the developers. The difficulty arises as there is no enough documentation and users find it difficult to modify different C++ and TCL files. Even if one component is modified then the entire Network Simulator-2 (NS-2) suite must be reconfigured. Cloning the protocol manually takes a lot of time and prone to error. Our objective is to ease the work of developers and researchers by showing

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Wriggers, Willy. "Conventions and workflows for using Situs." Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography 68, no. 4 (2012): 344–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0907444911049791.

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Situs is a modular program package for the multi-scale modeling of atomic resolution structures and low-resolution biophysical data from electron microscopy, tomography or small-angle X-ray scattering. This article provides an overview of recent developments in the Situs package, with an emphasis on workflows and conventions that are important for practical applications. The modular design of the programs facilitates scripting in the bash shell that allows specific programs to be combined in creative ways that go beyond the original intent of the developers. Several scripting-enabled functiona

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Purnama, Tommy, Yusuf Muhyidin, and Dayan Singasatia. "IMPLEMENTASI INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM (IDS) SNORT SEBAGAI SISTEM KEAMANAN MENGGUNAKAN WHATSAPP DAN TELEGRAM SEBAGAI MEDIA NOTIFIKASI." JURNAL TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI DAN KOMUNIKASI 14, no. 2 (2023): 358–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.51903/jtikp.v14i2.726.

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Intrusion Detection System (IDS) adalah sebuah sistem yang berfungsi untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeteksi serangan yang dilakukan oleh pihak-pihak yang tidak sah pada sebuah jaringan. Namun, beberapa sistem IDS yang ada saat ini memiliki kekurangan dalam memberikan notifikasi kepada administrator jika terjadi serangan, terkadang administrator mungkin tidak dapat memantau jaringan setiap saat. Hal ini dapat menyebabkan serangan yang tidak terdeteksi pada jaringan dan memberikan celah bagi peretas untuk mengambil kendali atas sistem. Oleh karena itu, perlu adanya Implementasi IDS menggunakan Wh

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13

Uchechi,, Akomah,, Nwaogazie, Ify L, Akaranta, Onyewuchi, Udeh, Ngozi U., Ikebude, Chiedozie F, and Amuchi, Otunyo G. "A Comparative Study of Chemically Enhanced Crustacean Shell Carbons for Sustainable Adsorbent Development in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Sequestration." Environmental Reports 7, no. 1 (2025): 103–12. https://doi.org/10.51470/er.2025.7.1.103.

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The study aims to develop enhanced adsorbent Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Sequestration using crustacean shell carbons. Activated carbon was produced from periwinkle shells, clam shells, whelk shells, and a 1:1 composite of clam and whelk shells through carbonization at 450 °C under limited oxygen, followed by chemical activation with H₂SO₄ at 750 °C and KOH at 650 °C. This process resulted in eight adsorbents: Periwinkle Shell Acid-Activated Carbon (PSAAC), Periwinkle Shell Base- Activated Carbon (PSBAC), Clam Shell Acid-Activated Carbon (CSAAC), Clam Shell Base- Activated Carbon (CS

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Paulo Cabral, J. "Shape and growth in European Atlantic <i>Patella limpets</i> (Gastropoda, Mollusca). Ecological implications for survival." Web Ecology 7, no. 1 (2007): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/we-7-11-2007.

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Abstract. Specimens of Patella intermedia, Patella rustica, Patella ulyssiponensis, and Patella vulgata were analyzed for shell and radula characteristics. Shell growth in P. rustica and P. ulyssiponensis was basically isometric, indicating that shell shape was constant during growth. On the contrary, shell growth in P. intermedia and P. vulgata was positively allometric, indicating that as shells increased in size, the base became more circular and the cone more centred and relatively higher. Radula relative size increased in the order P. ulyssiponensis, P. vulgata, P. intermedia and P. rusti

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15

Krivoshapko, Sergey N. "Ruled Shells of Conical Type on Elliptical Base." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 20, no. 1 (2024): 40–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2024-20-1-40-56.

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The information about main results on geometry of developable surfaces with an edge of regression which have a directrix ellipse in the base is gathered. These surfaces constitute a group called “Ruled surfaces of conical type on elliptical base”. This group includes elliptical cones, torses with two ellipses defined in the parallel planes, equal slope surfaces, and ruled surfaces with the main frame of three superellipses that are ellipses in one coordinate plane and broken straight lines in the other two coordinate planes. The paper presents a method for developing torses onto a plane, appro

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Ivanov, Vyacheslav N., and Alisa A. Shmeleva. "Geometric characteristics of the deformation state of the shells with orthogonal coordinate system of the middle surfaces." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 16, no. 1 (2020): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2020-16-1-38-44.

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The aim of this work is to receive the geometrical equations of strains of shells at the common orthogonal not conjugated coordinate system. At the most articles, textbooks and monographs on the theory and analysis of the thin shell there are considered the shells the coordinate system of which is given at the lines of main curvatures. Derivation of the geometric equations of the deformed state of the thin shells in the lines of main curvatures is given, specifically, at monographs of the theory of the thin shells of V.V. Novozhilov, K.F. Chernih, A.P. Filin and other Russian and foreign scien

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Krivoshapko, Sergey N. "Shell structures and shells at the beginning of the 21st century." Structural Mechanics of Engineering Constructions and Buildings 17, no. 6 (2021): 553–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/1815-5235-2021-17-6-553-561.

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Researchers know that golden century of shells falls on 1920-1960 when the finishing of building of a thin-walled shell became an important event in life of country where this shell was erected. Every built shell was analyzed in tens of scientific works with a point of view of used method of analysis, applied constructive materials, cost of erection. Later on, an interest to thin-walled shells fell down. On the base of the fulfilled research in a paper, it is shown that application of shell structures is increasing in the 21st century because it was closely connected with needs of different br

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Shingu, Kiyoshi, and Kiyotoshi Hiratsuka. "Dynamic Response of Base Isolated Rotational Shell with Edge Beam and Fuzzy Vibration Control of the Shell." International Journal of Space Structures 12, no. 3-4 (1997): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026635119701200306.

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Seismic isolation and fuzzy vibration control systems, which consist of a shell with an edge beam which has springs and variable dampers between the edge beam and the ground, are suggested by one of the authors. In this paper, natural vibration modes and natural frequencies of base isolated rotational shells with edge beams are shown. When the shell shakes due to vertical seismic forces, the seismic isolated system is implemented. As a result, stresses in the shell are significantly reduced. Furthermore, vibration control of the shell is carried out. Then the damping ratios are adjusted by the

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Panteleienko, V. I., S. O. Karpushyn, and A. L. Chervonoshtan. "Interaction of conical monolithic thin-walled reinforced concrete shells with the soil of the foundation." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1254, no. 1 (2023): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1254/1/012058.

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Abstract Conical monolithic thin-walled reinforced concrete blocks (shells) can be used as foundations for frame structures and buildings with load-bearing walls. As an analogue of columnar foundations, this type has the advantage of the speed of installation. It almost wholly excludes earthwork and formwork from the technological process, provided that the physical and mechanical properties of the soil base are improved. Shells are immersed in the supporting soil base with the help of dynamic or static loading. Additional soil base compaction occurs due to interaction with the conical outer s

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LaBarbera, Michael, and Rachel Ann Merz. "Postmortem changes in strength of gastropod shells: evolutionary implications for hermit crabs, snails, and their mutual predators." Paleobiology 18, no. 4 (1992): 367–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0094837300010940.

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Calliostoma ligatum shells inhabited by hermit crabs were weaker than shells inhabited by snails collected at the same locality. When shells of C. ligatum were loaded repetitively to 80% of their predicted failure load, hermit crab-inhabited shells showed an immediate drop in shell strength followed by a progressive further loss of shell strength over the next 18 days. Snailinhabited C. ligatum shells exhibited a decrease in strength after 9 days, but returned to initial values within 18 days of loading.Hermit crabs thus bear shells significantly weaker than they were when borne by the gastrop

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Albar, Muhammad Musa Jusoff, Nurul Ain Jamion, Siti Nor Atika Baharin, Muggundha Raoov, and Kavirajaa Pandian Sambasevam. "Preparation of Novel Commercial Polyaniline Composites for Ammonia Detection." Solid State Phenomena 301 (March 2020): 124–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.301.124.

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Polyaniline (PANI) is one of the unique conducting polymers due to tunable conductivity, acid-base chemistry and optical properties. In this study, commercial PANI was used to prepare PANI/shell composites to enhance the sensitivity of PANI in ammonia (NH3) gas detection. Three types of waste shells were utilized to incorporate into the PANI matrix such as egg shells (ES), crab shells (CS) and mussel shells (MS). The characterizations were done by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer. FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of CaCO3 in the PANI/shell

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Zhumabaev, M. J., and A. B. Shyrakbaev. "CYLINDRICAL SHELL WITH FILLER." Bulletin of Dulaty University 14, no. 2 (2024): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.55956/vbne7749.

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In the article we will consider cylindrical shells, their definition and properties of cylindrical shells, as well as examples of their application. We will also consider methods for calculating cylindrical shells. A cylindrical shell is a geometric body formed by turning a rectangle around one of its sides. The result is a cylinder whose bases are two parallel and equal rectangles, and the side surface is a surface formed by rotating the rectangle around one of its sides. Cylindrical shells have two main elements – the base and the side surface. The bases of the cylindrical shell are parallel

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Teng, J. G., H. T. Wong, Z. C. Wang, and S. L. Dong. "Steel-Concrete Composite Shell Roofs: Structural Concept and Feasibility." Advances in Structural Engineering 8, no. 3 (2005): 287–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1369433054349105.

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This paper describes a new structural system, namely steel-concrete composite shells, for enclosing large spaces and presents test and numerical simulation results to demonstrate its feasibility. These composite shells are formed by pouring concrete on a thin stiffened steel base shell which serves as both the permanent formwork and the tensile steel reinforcement. The thin steel shell, constructed by bolting together open-topped modular units consisting of a base plate with surrounding edge plates, is a steel shell with thin stiffeners in both directions. The new system retains all the benefi

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Pratama, Raka Aditya. "INOVASI LAPIS PONDASI ATAS CTB (CEMENT TREATED BASE) MENGGUNAKAN SUBTITUSI POFA DAN LIMBAH CANGKANG KERANG HIJAU." Jurnal Proyek Teknik Sipil 6, no. 2 (2023): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/potensi.2023.19633.

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During the current administration, the construction sector, especially toll road infrastructure in Indonesia, has increased. This will increase the amount of cement production to meet construction needs. Even though the cement industry is one of the contributors to gas emissions. In addition, the plantation sector can be optimized as an alternative construction material. Such as palm shell waste (POFA), which contains the same content as cement. The fisheries sector can also be optimized as an alternative construction material. such as green mussel shells which have the same content as cement,

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MALLISHWARI, N. "Implementation of the Image Text to Speech Conversion in the Desired Language by Translating with Raspberry Pi." International Scientific Journal of Engineering and Management 04, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/isjem04635.

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ABSTRACT: The main problem in communication is language bias between the communicators. This device basically can be used by people who do not know English and want it to be translated to their native language. The novelty component of this research work is the speech output which is available in 53 different languages translated from English. This paper is based on a prototype which helps user to hear the contents of the text images in the desired language. It involves extraction of text from the image and converting the text to translated speech in the user desired language. This is done wit

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Meish, Yuliia, Maryna Belova, Nataliia Maiborodina, and Viacheslav Gerasymenko. "Determining the effect of longitudinal stiffeners on the deformation of multilayer ellipsoidal shells under non-stationary loads." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 7 (130) (2024): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.310241.

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The object of this study is the deformation of multilayer ellipsoidal shells under non-stationary distributed load. It is proposed to reinforce the shell with longitudinal stiffeners to enhance the strength of it. The application of Timoshenko's theory of shells and cores enabled the investigation of the influence of longitudinal stiffeners on the deformation of multilayer ellipsoidal shells under non-stationary loads with the discrete positioning of the stiffeners. A mathematical model of shell oscillations under various types of short-term non-stationary loads was based on the Hamilton-Ostro

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Bakker, Coen, Lidan Zhang, Kristie Higginson, and Fred van Keulen. "Simultaneous optimization of topology and layout of modular stiffeners on shells and plates." Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization 64, no. 5 (2021): 3147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00158-021-03081-0.

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AbstractStiffened shells and plates are widely used in engineering. Their performance is highly influenced by the arrangement, or layout, of stiffeners on the base shell or plate and the geometric features, or topology, of these stiffeners. Moreover, modular design is beneficial, since it allows for increased quality control and mass production. In this work, a method is developed that simultaneously optimizes the topology of stiffeners and their layout on a base shell or plate. This is accomplished by introducing a fixed number of modular stiffeners, which are subject to density-based topolog

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Draidi, Z., T. T. Bui, A. Limam, H. V. Tran, and A. Bennani. "Buckling Behavior of Metallic Cylindrical Shell Structures Strengthened with CFRP Composite." Advances in Civil Engineering 2018 (August 7, 2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/4231631.

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The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of a CFRP composite layer on the buckling behavior of metallic cylindrical shells. To enhance the bearing capacity of steel shells, classical solutions consider internal or external metallic stiffeners (stringers and/or rings) welded or riveted to the shell. Here, an external skin of composite material which wraps the whole metallic skin of the shell is studied. To be valid for metallic shells structures (storage tanks like silos) as well as for metal pipes (gas or oil pipeline), the procedure for setting up and implementing the composite m

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Freudenrich, Craig C., Nancy R. Wallace, Karl Wilbur, Pete Ingram, and Ann LeFurgey. "Strontium can be used as a tracer to examine calcification in the adult barnacle (Balanus amphititre amphititre)." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 180–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100168633.

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Calcification in barnacles occurs at the base of each shell plate; as new CaCO3 is deposited at the base, the shell grows upward. Although barnacle shell growth patterns have been characterized, the cellular calcium transport mechanisms involved in biomineralization are unknown; calcium is thought to be transported through the mineralizing epithelial cells into a limited diffusional space between the cells and the shell where calcification occurs. To follow transport of calcium in the cells and newly mineralized shell, one might consider using 45Ca and autoradiography.Alternatively, electron p

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ANTUFEV, Boris A., Olga V. EGOROVA, and Lev N. RABINSKIY. "Dynamics of a cylindrical shell with a collapsing elastic base under the action of a pressure wave." INCAS BULLETIN 11, S (2019): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.13111/2066-8201.2019.11.s.3.

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In the dynamic and quasi-static statements, the issue of non-stationary deformation and stability of the solid propellant rocket engine (SPRE) was approximately solved. It is modeled by a thin, smooth cylindrical shell, inside of which, on a part of its length, there is an elastic base corresponding to a gradually burning powder charge. A pressure wave is moving along the outer surface of the body, simulated by the running load. The deformed state of the shell is considered axisymmetric and is determined on the basis of the moment theory of the shells. For diverse variants of mounting the ends

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Woelke, Pawel, Ka-Kin Chan, Raymond Daddazio, and Najib Abboud. "Stress Resultant Based Elasto-Viscoplastic Thick Shell Model." Shock and Vibration 19, no. 3 (2012): 477–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/267014.

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The current paper presents enhancement introduced to the elasto-viscoplastic shell formulation, which serves as a theoretical base for the finite element code EPSA (Elasto-Plastic Shell Analysis) [1–3]. The shell equations used in EPSA are modified to account for transverse shear deformation, which is important in the analysis of thick plates and shells, as well as composite laminates. Transverse shear forces calculated from transverse shear strains are introduced into a rate-dependent yield function, which is similar to Iliushin's yield surface expressed in terms of stress resultants and stre

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Plotnick, Roy E., Benjamin F. Dattilo, Daniel Piquard, Jennifer Bauer, and Joshua Corrie. "The orientation of strophomenid brachiopods on soft substrates." Journal of Paleontology 87, no. 5 (2013): 818–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/12-152.

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Strophomenid brachiopods have long been interpreted as “snowshoe” strategists, with their flattened concavo-convex valves providing resistance to foundering in very soft sediments. There has been a sharp difference of opinion in whether the shells were oriented with their convex or their concave surface in contact with the sediment. This study, along with independent evidence from sedimentology, ichnology, and morphology, indicates that the strophomenids lived with their shells concave down (convex up). Experiments indicate the force required to push shells into soft cohesive muds is much grea

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Umaisaroh, Umaisaroh, Mudrik Alaydrus, Erfan Handoko, and Nadio Alferinanda. "Design of Biomaterial Absorber using coconut shell charcoal for 38 GHz frequency." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2866, no. 1 (2024): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2866/1/012027.

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Abstract Activated carbon derived from coconut shells has gained significant attention as an effective and sustainable absorber material. The process involves carbonizing coconut shells to create a carbon-rich base, followed by activation through heat and steam, leading to a porous structure with a vast surface area. In this research, coconut shell charcoal is used to make an absorber for microwave application. We used relative permittivity (ε) 3.178, relative permeability, (µ) 1.215 and dielectric loss tangent (σ) 0.0719 to simulate the material based of coconut shell charcoal. We investigate

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Zolotariov, Denis. "AUTOMATED DEPLOYMENT OF A SOFTWARE ENVIRONMENT FOR MICROSERVICES IN A RAPIDLY CHANGING TECHNOLOGY STACK." Innovative Technologies and Scientific Solutions for Industries, no. 4 (18) (December 10, 2021): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.30837/itssi.2021.18.023.

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The article is devoted to the development and substantiation of practical recommendations regarding the formation of a mechanism for deploying a software environment for creating and executing microservices in a rapidly changing technological stack. The subject of the research is the basics of building a system for automated deployment of a software environment for the development and execution of microservices. The purpose of the article is to develop and substantiate practical recommendations for the formation of a mechanism for deploying a software environment for creating and executing mic

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Zavertannyi, Bohdan, Gennadiy Pasov, Myroslav Zaveretannyi, Volodymyr Venzheha, and Vira Murashkovska. "Experimental study and finite element modeling of tensile deformation in polymer shells." Technical sciences and technologies, no. 4 (38) (December 30, 2024): 37–43. https://doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2024-4(38)-37-43.

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Contemporary production of polymer shells for liquids involves advanced technological solutions, ensuring high quality and adequate mechanical properties for applications in the food and chemical industries. However, current trends aim to reduce shell weight while improving their mechanical characteristics through optimized geometric parameters. Consequently, there is a growing need for modelling new types of shells and their designs, taking into account material distribution during shell formation and its impact on mechanical properties. When designing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polymer

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Uchechi, Akomah,, Nwaogazie, Ify L., and Akaranta, Onyewuchi. "Characterization and Optimization of Crustacean Shell-derived Activated Carbon for Wastewater Treatment Applications." International Journal of Environment and Climate Change 14, no. 10 (2024): 270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijecc/2024/v14i104486.

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Comparative studies of the Surface Chemistry, morphology, and physicochemical properties of crustacean shells activated chemically using acid (H2SO4) and base (KOH) were investigated. Following the activation, samples of acid and base activated Periwinkle shells (PSAAC and PSBAC), Clam shells (CSAAC and CSBAC), whelk shells (WSAAC and WSBAC), and a 1:1 Clam/Whelk composite Shells (CWSAAC and CWSBAC) were obtained. The properties investigated were moisture content, specific gravity, surface area, porosity, ash content, carbon yield, fixed carbon, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. The findings demonstrate the

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Wu, Jianghai, Hongzhen Zhu, and Yong Duan. "Free- and Forced-Vibration Characteristic Analysis of a Double-Layered Cylindrical Shell with General Boundary Conditions." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 13, no. 4 (2025): 641. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse13040641.

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The double-layered cylindrical shell represents a key structural configuration for underwater vehicles, where its vibration behavior remains a primary concern in engineering design and analysis. This study develops a spectral element method (SEM) for dynamic modeling of multi-component shell systems by extending the vibrational governing equations of conical shells. The methodology is validated through finite element method (FEM) case studies on both conical shells and double-layered cylindrical configurations. Parametric investigations examine ribbed substructures and solid rib plates within

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Dubynyak, Taras, Volodymyr Nevozhai, Andrii Remez, Valerriy Bukhovets, and Andrii Senyk. "Analysis of the accuracy, stiffness, and stability of antennas using simulation modeling." Scientific journal of the Ternopil national technical university 115, no. 3 (2024): 30–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/visnyk_tntu2024.03.030.

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In the course of the work, the process of forming reflective shells and finding the position of grid elements after deformation was investigated. Fixation of the mesh nodes by the method of electric arc spraying. After that, a composite material such as polystyrene is applied to form reflective shells. The result of the work is the formation of the antenna array shell by electric arc spraying and the application of the composite material. Schematic of the mirror structure: spherical and cylindrical shells docked with a ring. The shell for the ring is a kind of elastic base that prevents its mo

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Gubeladze, Gocha, and Paata Geradze. "A Mathematical Model of the Strain and Stress Kinetics during Welding of Thin-Walled Products." MATEC Web of Conferences 249 (2018): 02005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824902005.

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The paper dwells on the mathematical model of the strain and stress of the elements of the thin-walled systems. A version of the sophisticated theory of shells with the use of several base surfaces has been developed at the Kutaisi Technical University [3,8]. The theory is based on a kinematic hypothesis thereby facilitating the construction of a three-dimensional field of deformation of shell by deformation of two or more surfaces. The use of several base surfaces allows not only for accounting the transverse shears and crimping, but also, with account for the shell thickness, for modeling th

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Mirza, S., and Y. Alizadeh. "Free Vibration of Partially Supported Cylindrical Shells." Shock and Vibration 2, no. 4 (1995): 297–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1995/817958.

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The effects of detached base length on the natural frequencies and modal shapes of cylindrical shell structures were investigated in this work. Some of the important applications for this type of problem can be found in the cracked fan and rotor blades that can be idealized as partially supported shells with varying unsupported lengths. A finite element model based on small deflection linear theory was developed to obtain numerical solutions for this class of problems. The numerical results were generated for shallow shells and some of the degenerate cases are compared with other results avail

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Yarra, Tejaswi, Mark Blaxter, and Melody S. Clark. "A Bivalve Biomineralization Toolbox." Molecular Biology and Evolution 38, no. 9 (2021): 4043–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab153.

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Abstract Mollusc shells are a result of the deposition of crystalline and amorphous calcite catalyzed by enzymes and shell matrix proteins (SMP). Developing a detailed understanding of bivalve mollusc biomineralization pathways is complicated not only by the multiplicity of shell forms and microstructures in this class, but also by the evolution of associated proteins by domain co-option and domain shuffling. In spite of this, a minimal biomineralization toolbox comprising proteins and protein domains critical for shell production across species has been identified. Using a matched pair design

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Krivoshapko, S. N. "Grid and Reticulated Shell Structures in the 21st Century." Building and Reconstruction, no. 2 (May 13, 2025): 14–32. https://doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2025-118-2-14-32.

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Structurally organized space is the base for creation of structural design. In a paper, classification of structural erections on geometrical systems, lying in their base, and on purpose of grid shell systems. The history of the appearance of structural erections, the beginning of which was put by the erection of the Eiffel tower in Paris in 1889, is described briefly. Maybe it was earlier, when manufacturing of rolled products began in industrial scale in 1867. It is shown on concrete examples that net shell structures are used at the last years more often than reinforces concrete thin-walled

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Nagase, Arthur Masaaki Maeda, Victor Hugo Tavares, Bruno Kleidson da Silva Maia, et al. "Solid Waste As Alternative Amendments For Acidity Correction in Dystrophic Yellow Latosol." Revista de Gestão Social e Ambiental 19, no. 5 (2025): e012193. https://doi.org/10.24857/rgsa.v19n5-038.

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Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effect of alternative acidity-correcting sources, derived from agro-industrial residues, applied to a dystrophic Yellow Latosol. Theoretical Framework: Soil acidity represents one of the main agricultural limitations in tropical regions due to intense weathering and base leaching. Limestone is widely used for pH correction; however, residues such as shells and eggshells have potential as sustainable alternatives. Method: Four alternative sources (oyster shell, eggshell, and crab shell) and dolomitic limestone were studied at five application rates (2, 3,

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Bakulin, V. N. "Block finite-element model of layer-by-layer analysis of three-layer stress–strain state in general irregular shells of rotation of double curvature." Доклады Академии наук 484, no. 1 (2019): 35–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0869-5652484135-40.

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This study proposes a finite-element block approach to building a new, refined model for layer-by-layer analysis of the stress–strain state of generally irregular sandwich shells of revolution with double curvature. A core material model is developed for the first time for such shells, based on more precise statements compared to those of similar common models; it allows the avoidance of the discontinuity of generalized displacements on the surfaces of an interface with base layers and switching to simpler models depending on the problem statement. Using the proposed model, it is possible to c

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BHANGALE, RAJESH K., and N. GANESAN. "A LINEAR THERMOELASTIC BUCKLING BEHAVIOR OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED HEMISPHERICAL SHELL WITH A CUT-OUT AT APEX IN THERMAL ENVIRONMENT." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 05, no. 02 (2005): 185–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021945540500157x.

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In this paper, a finite element formulation based on first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT) is used to study the thermal buckling behavior of functionally graded material (FGM) hemispherical shells with a cut-out at apex in a high temperature environment. A Fourier series expansion for the displacement variable in the circumferential direction is used to model the FGM hemispherical shell. The material properties of FGM hemispherical shells are functionally graded in the thickness direction according to a volume fraction power law distribution. Temperature-dependent material properties are

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Баженов, Валентин Георгиевич, Елена Владимировна Нагорных, and Дарья Анатольевна Самсонова. "About applicability of the winkler model for contact interaction of cylindrical elastoplastic shells with an elastic filler at external pressure." Вестник Чувашского государственного педагогического университета им. И.Я. Яковлева. Серия: Механика предельного состояния, no. 4(46) (December 30, 2020): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.37972/chgpu.2020.46.88.029.

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Представлено сравнение результатов расчетов контактного взаимодействия и потери устойчивости упругопластических цилиндрических оболочек с упругим толстостенным заполнителем, выполненных на основе двух подходов: с позиций механики сплошных сред и теории оболочек типа Тимошенко с основанием Винклера. Оба подхода позволяют решать задачи деформирования и устойчивости непологих оболочек с учетом геометрических нелинейностей. Постановка с позиций механики сплошных сред позволяет аппроксимировать оболочку по толщине рядом слоев конечных элементов. Определяющие соотношения формулируются в переменных Л

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MAMIEVA, I. A., and V. V. KARNEVICH. "GEOMETRY AND STATIC ANALYSIS OF THIN SHELLS WITH RULED MIDDLE SURFACES OF THREE SUPERELLIPSES AS MAIN FRAME." Building and reconstruction 105, no. 1 (2023): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33979/2073-7416-2023-105-1-16-27.

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The possibility of generating three different translational surfaces of velarodial type by having the same main frame of the surface is proved and illustrated. Using these three different ruled surfaces as middle surfaces of thin shells allows to extend the number of architectural forms in construction practice. Static analysis of the shells with the middle surfaces under consideration is performed using the SCAD standard finite element software. The results of the analysis of different ruled shells with oval-shaped base, but of the same main frame, imply that the stress, moment and displaceme

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Apalowo, Rilwan K., and Dimitrios Chronopoulos. "Vibroacoustic design optimization of curved composite shells." Polymers and Polymer Composites 29, no. 9_suppl (2021): S1520—S1531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09673911211060654.

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The need to simultaneously optimize the structural design properties, and attain a satisfactory vibroacoustic performance for composite structures, has been a challenging task for modern structural engineers. This work is aimed at developing a statistical energy analysis (SEA) based numerical scheme for computing the optimal design parameters of each individual layer of layered curved shells having arbitrary complexities and layering. The main novelty of the work focuses on the computation of SEA properties for curved composite shells and derive the sensitivities of the acoustic transmission c

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Maulin, Navla, Rachma Ade Aprilia, Rustani Nainggolan, H. Pardi, and Barit Coklin. "CrabCare: Innovative Chitosan Biopolymer-Based Ointment from Crab Shell Waste by Utiling." BIO Web of Conferences 134 (2024): 05008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413405008.

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Wounds are a common problem that requires effective care to prevent infection and accelerate the healing process. The use of conventional antiseptics is often unsatisfactory due to the long time required. Therefore, the innovation of using chitosan from crab shell waste as a base material for ointment becomes the focus of this research. This study aims to develop a chitosan-based ointment that can accelerate the wound healing process more efficiently. The research results show that the ointment developed from crab shells through the deproteinization process can significantly accelerate wound h

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Barzegar, Mohamadreza Salehi, Alireza Nadaf Oskooe, Kaveh Najafi, Hossein Khodarahmi, and Mohamadreza Mohamadi. "Nonlinear Elasto-Plastic Analysis of Axisymmetric Spherical Shell by Chebyshev Spectral Collocation Method under the Pulsating Forces." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.33.

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This paper investigates nonlinear elasto-plastic analysis of the dynamic response of composite spherical shells base on the isotropic hardening and flow rule theorem. elasto-plastic strain-hardening is expressed at this stage and the plastic strain obtains to combine with elastic strain to present the elasto-plastic constitutive relation of composite spherical shells. Analytical solutions of the governing equations are based on the Chebyshev spectral collocation methods and then compare results with ABAQUS FEM. In numerical example, the effective of different external loads on the nonlinear el

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