To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Basic Concepts and Methods.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Basic Concepts and Methods'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Basic Concepts and Methods.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Cannaday, Bruce D. "Basic concepts of industrial technology." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/458486.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this creative project was to develop a three dimensional model that would assist Industrial Technology Educators describe contemporary concepts of communication, construction, manufacturing, and transportation. The creative project was designed to appreciation of Industrial Technology. It also assisted them in developing problem solving techniques.A model community and activity packet were developed. The model community was the central focus for analysis. The concepts represented in the model community are reinforced with activities in the activity packet.
2
Iurynets, Julia, and Victoria Sokolvak. "Basic concepts of human rights." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/43897.
Full textAbstract:
Естественно-историческое обоснование прав человека в современном мире
политическое мнение явно преобладает. Концепция прав человека широко используется
и узко.<br>The natural-historical substantiation of human rights in today’s world
political opinion clearly prevails. The concept of human rights is used broadly
and narrowly.
3
Van, Zyl Alexis J. "Basic concepts of random matrix theory." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1624.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (MSc (Physics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2005.<br>It was Wigner that in the 1950’s first introduced the idea of modelling physical reality
with an ensemble of random matrices while studying the energy levels of heavy atomic
nuclei. Since then, the field of Random Matrix Theory has grown tremendously, with
applications ranging from fluctuations on the economic markets to M-theory. It is the
purpose of this thesis to discuss the basic concepts of Random Matrix Theory, using the
ensembles of random matrices originally introduced by Wigner, the Gaussian ensembles,
as a starting point. As Random Matrix Theory is classically concerned with the statistical
properties of levels sequences, we start with a brief introduction to the statistical analysis
of a level sequence before getting to the introduction of the Gaussian ensembles. With the
ensembles defined, we move on to the statistical properties that they predict. In the light
of these predictions, a few of the classical applications of Random Matrix Theory are
discussed, and as an example of some of the important concepts, the Anderson model of
localization is investigated in some detail.
4
Медведєва, С. О., and О. А. Абдуллаєв. "Testing. Basic concepts of testing software." Thesis, ВНТУ, 2019. http://ir.lib.vntu.edu.ua//handle/123456789/24789.
Full textAbstract:
У даній доповіді розглянуто основні концепції та види тестування програмного забезпечення, а також окреслено важливість приділення йому великої уваги у інших сферах.<br>This paper examines the basic concepts and methods of software testing, and highlights the importance of paying
attention to testing in other areas
5
Nalvarte, Salvatierra Pierre, and Cubillas James Calderón. "Basic Concepts of Project Finance in PPP." Derecho & Sociedad, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118573.
Full textAbstract:
Project Finance is an alternative financing mechanism to Corporate Finance which allows the companies to finance large infrastructure projects without endangers their own assets and heritage.Through Project Finance is possible to carry out major public works in the context of Public Private Partnership (PPP) Contracts, which the main guarantee of the creditors will be exploitation rights of the company that signs the public infrastructure contract, either by charging a fee to users (in case of self-sustaining PPP) or by charging a pre agreed amount to the State (in case of co-financed PPP).For a successful structuring of a PPP Project Finance, the joint work of a number of actors and legal instruments are required in order to complete the financing necessary circle in conditions of acceptable risk. The required actors are the Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV), the State, the Permitted Creditors, the Builder and Trustee. Among the necessary legal instruments include the PPP Contract, the Financing Contract, the Construction Contract and the Trust Agreement.<br>El Project Finance es un mecanismo de financiamiento alternativo al Corporate Finance que permite el financiamiento de grandes proyectos de infraestructura, sin necesidad de que las corporaciones pongan en riesgo su patrimonio y activos propios. A través del Project Finance se pueden ejecutar obras públicas de envergadura, en el marco de Contratos de Asociación Público Privada (APP), en donde la principal garantía de los Acreedores consistirá en el derecho que tiene la empresa que suscribe dicho contrato para explotar la infraestructura pública, bien sea a través del cobro de una tarifa a los Usuarios (en el caso de las APP Autosostenibles) o a través del cobro de un monto pre acordado con el Estado (en el caso de las APP Cofinanciadas). Para la estructuración exitosa de un Project Finance en una APP se requiere el trabajo conjunto de una serie de actores y de instrumentos jurídicos que completen el círculo necesario para el financiamiento en condiciones de riesgo aceptables. Los actores necesarios son la Sociedad de Propósito Exclusivo (SPE), el Estado, los Acreedores Permitidos, el Constructor y un Fiduciario. Entre los instrumentos jurídicos necesarios destacan el Contrato de APP, el Contrato de Financiamiento, el Contrato de Construcción y el Contrato de Fideicomiso.
6
Matthews, Chris, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Fuzzy concepts and formal methods." Deakin University. School of Management Information Systems, 2001. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051201.154843.
Full textAbstract:
It has been recognised that formal methods are useful as a modelling tool in requirements engineering. Specification languages such as Z permit the precise and unambiguous modelling of system properties and behaviour. However some system problems, particularly those drawn from the information systems problem domain, may be difficult to model in crisp or precise terms. It may also be desirable that formal modelling should commence as early as possible, even when our understanding of parts of the problem domain is only approximate. This thesis suggests fuzzy set theory as a possible representation scheme for this imprecision or approximation. A fuzzy logic toolkit that defines the operators, measures and modifiers necessary for the manipulation of fuzzy sets and relations is developed. The toolkit contains a detailed set of laws that demonstrate the properties of the definitions when applied to partial set membership. It also provides a set of laws that establishes an isomorphism between the toolkit notation and that of conventional Z when applied to boolean sets and relations. The thesis also illustrates how the fuzzy logic toolkit can be applied in the problem domains of interest. Several examples are presented and discussed including the representation of imprecise concepts as fuzzy sets and relations, system requirements as a series of linguistically quantified propositions, the modelling of conflict and agreement in terms of fuzzy sets and the partial specification of a fuzzy expert system. The thesis concludes with a consideration of potential areas for future research arising from the work presented here.
7
Celik, Dilek. "Basic Cryptanalysis Methods On Block Ciphers." Master's thesis, METU, 2010. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12611877/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
Differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis are the first significant methods used to attack on block ciphers. These concepts compose the keystones for most of the attacks in recent years. Also, while designing a cipher, these attacks should be taken into consideration and the cipher should be created as secure against them.
Although differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis are still important, they started to be inecient due to the improvements in the technology. So, these attacks are extended. For instance, higher order differential cryptanalysis, truncated differential cryptanalysis, generalized
linear cryptanalysis, partitioning linear cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis using multiple
linear approximations are introduced as the extended versions of these attacks. There exists
significant applications of these extended attacks.
Algebraic attack is a method of cryptanalysis that consists of obtaining a representation of the
cipher as a system of equations and then, solving this system. Up to today, just a few attacks
that are practically possible to mount are presented. However, due to the fact that algebraic cryptanalysis requires only a handful of known plaintexts to perform, it is a promising and
significant attack.
This thesis is a survey covering all the methods of attacks described above. Illustrations and summaries of some important papers including these cryptanalysis techniques are given.
8
Tkachenko, I., and P. Puzyrova. "Basic general methods of social work." Thesis, Академія Державної пенітенціарної служби, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15516.
Full text
9
Duffey, Suellynn Kay. "Basic writers : case studies of revision and concept formation." The Ohio State University, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1287431711.
Full text
10
Keys, Patrick W. "The Precipitationshed : Concepts, Methods, and Applications." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Stockholm Resilience Centre, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132375.
Full textAbstract:
Human societies are reliant on the functioning of the hydrologic cycle. The atmospheric branch of this cycle, often referred to as moisture recycling in the context of land-to-land exchange, refers to water evaporating, traveling through the atmosphere, and falling out as precipitation. Similar to the surface water cycle that uses the watershed as the unit of analysis, it is also possible to consider a ‘watershed of the sky’ for the atmospheric water cycle. Thus, I explore the precipitationshed - defined as the upwind surface of the Earth that provides evaporation that later falls as precipitation in a specific place. The primary contributions of this dissertation are to (a) introduce the precipitationshed concept, (b) provide a quantitative basis for the study of the precipitationshed, and (c) demonstrate its use in the fields of hydrometeorology, land-use change, social-ecological systems, ecosystem services, and environmental governance. In Paper I, the concept of the precipitationshed is introduced and explored for the first time. The quantification of precipitationshed variability is described in Paper II, and the key finding is that the precipitationsheds for multiple regions are persistent in time and space. Moisture recycling is further described as an ecosystem service in Paper III, to integrate the concept into the existing language of environmental sustainability and management. That is, I identify regions where vegetation more strongly regulates the provision of atmospheric water, as well as the regions that more strongly benefit from this regulation. In Paper IV, the precipitationshed is further explored through the lens of urban reliance on moisture recycling. Using a novel method, I quantify the vulnerability of urban areas to social-ecological changes within their precipitationsheds. In Paper V, I argue that successful moisture recycling governance will require flexible, transboundary institutions that are capable of operating within complex social-ecological systems. I conclude that, in the future, the precipitationshed can be a key tool in addressing the complexity of social-ecological systems.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.</p><p> </p>
11
Yano, Jun-Ichi, Jean-François Geleyn, Martin Köller, et al. "Basic concepts for convection parameterization in weather forecast and climate models." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-177427.
Full textAbstract:
The research network “Basic Concepts for Convection Parameterization in Weather Forecast and Climate Models” was organized with European funding (COST Action ES0905) for the period of 2010–2014. Its extensive brainstorming suggests how the
subgrid-scale parameterization problem in atmospheric modeling, especially for convection, can be examined and developed from the point of view of a robust theoretical basis. Our main cautions are current emphasis on massive observational data analyses and process studies. The closure and the entrainment–detrainment problems are identified as the two highest priorities for convection parameterization under the mass–flux formulation. The need for
a drastic change of the current European research culture as concerns policies and funding in order not to further deplete the visions of the European researchers focusing on those basic issues is emphasized.
12
Scherr, Rachel Ellen. "An investigation of student understanding of basic concepts in special relativity /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9681.
Full text
13
Creasman, Pearce Paul. "Basic Principles And Methods Of Dendrochronological Specimen Curation." Tree-Ring Society, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622640.
Full textAbstract:
Dendrochronological collections include continuously expanding multi-taxon records of tree
growth that encompass millennia and often offer irreplaceable sources of biological, environmental, and cultural information. Nevertheless, each departure of a scholar from the field—whether because of death, retirement, career change, shift in research priorities, or even move to a new institution—places collections in increased danger of being lost as viable resources. Without an organized and concerted effort to address outstanding and future issues of specimen curation, dendrochronology as a whole may become mired in the same trap that befalls many other scientific fields: collections apathy. Dendrochronological collections exist as a result of decades of effort and should function to support current and future scientific endeavors, education, and outreach, but cannot do so without adequate attention to their future. Intended as a ‘‘call to arms’’ this paper, focused on dendrochronology in the academic and public sector, aims to encourage discussion and, more importantly, to provide a foundation for and to instill a sense of urgency regarding long-term preservation of dendrochronological specimens.
14
Морозова, Ірина Анатоліївна, Ирина Анатольевна Морозова, Iryna Anatoliivna Morozova, and T. V. Kirichenko. "The basic methods of analysis of marketing information." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34977.
Full textAbstract:
For taking the specific management decisions, supervisor needs an objective and general information about the position of the firm in the market and the general market situation. The information we can get from market research. Data gathering involves collecting as much information as possible about the market for the more accurate analysis.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/34977
15
Kavogli, Zoe Zoni. "Learning basic electrical concepts with models and analogies using a multimedia package." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.323425.
Full text
16
Arnold, Norah. "The acquisition and development of basic relational concepts in second language learners." Thesis, Open University, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.315278.
Full text
17
Aftias, Michalis (Michalis Emmanouil) 1975. "Introducing basic structural engineering concepts through a web-based interactive learning environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/84250.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering; and, (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Technology and Policy Program, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-72).<br>by Michalis Aftias.<br>S.M.
18
Walter, Ofra. "Role reversal approach in teaching early childhood basic concepts of kinaesthetic intelligence." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438246.
Full text
19
Packard, Abbot Livermore. "Exploration of a Brunswik learning environment developed to instruct basic statistical concepts." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/38576.
Full text
20
Vranken, Isabelle. "Quantifying landscape anthropisation patterns: concepts, methods and limits." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209128.
Full textAbstract:
Since human beings began to use and shape the land, their influence on their<p>environment has kept on growing so that little or no ecosystem in the world is now<p>considered as untouched. This induces pressures on ecosystem health and land scarcity.<p>Africa is of particular concern because it still presents broad undisturbed zones and<p>key ecosystem services, despite being submitted to increasing anthropogenic pressures.<p>Landscape ecology appears suitable for the study of such phenomena, thanks to its spacebased<p>integrative nature and geographical level of focus. It studies the impact of spatial<p>pattern transformation — especially heterogeneity and its components — on ecological<p>processes and provides powerful analytical tools of landscape anthropisation.<p>The main objective of this thesis is to organise the concepts and methods, from<p>landscape ecology and related disciplines, into a consistent logic, to pinpoint missing<p>analytical frameworks for response-oriented anthropisation assessment, and to apply them<p>to African cases to explore the spatial patterns of anthropisation. In order to address<p>landscape anthropisation, we assemble diverse disciplines into a logical network (DPSIR).<p>The new theoretical framework is tested on Lubumbashi (DRC). In order to address<p>spatial patterns, we first evaluate the thermodynamic connection of the term entropy in<p>landscape ecology: spatial heterogeneity, unpredictability and scale influence. Then, based<p>on 20 landscapes, we highlight the complex relationship between spatial heterogeneity<p>and landscape anthropisation. We finally use the modelled relationships to test the<p>anthropogenic origin of the spatial pattern of a land cover class in Lubumbashi.<p>The main results of this research show that several concepts are used to describe different<p>aspects of anthropisation and that its quantification strongly depends on the reference states.<p>Data formats can be combined into a new assessment method ensuring more precision<p>and comparability, but a good field knowledge is required. As for heterogeneity, the<p>existing definitions of landscape entropy follow the logic of thermodynamics or information<p>theory, that are not compatible. Only unpredictability could be properly interpreted in<p>thermodynamic terms if energy transfer measurements were performed at the appropriate<p>level. The anthropogenic effects on heterogeneity completely diverge depending on the<p>amount of already anthropised surface, on the land cover type (natural or anthropogenic),<p>and on the heterogeneity components.<p>The aforementioned findings could be adapted to include functional aspects and<p>better address the relationship between spatial pattern and ecological processes. Such<p>integration would help designing response actions that can recommend human activities<p>and spatial patterns that could optimise the use of land to ensure ecological functioning<p>while supporting human development. / <p>L’influence croissante de l’homme sur son environnement affecte désormais le monde<p>entier, ce qui induit des pressions sur la santé des écosystèmes et raréfie les ressources<p>en terres. L’Afrique présente un intérêt particulier à cet égard car elle contient de vastes<p>zones quasi vierges et fournit des services écosystémiques importants mais est soumise<p>à des pressions anthropiques croissantes. L’écologie du paysage étudie ces phénomènes<p>de façon intégrative au moyen de sa composante spatiale et de son échelle d’intérêt. Elle<p>étudie l’impact des transformations de la structure spatiale — en particulier l’hétérogénéité<p>et ses différentes composantes—sur les processus écologiques et fournit de puissants outils<p>analytiques de l’anthropisation.<p>L’objectif de cette thèse est d’organiser les concepts et méthodes de différentes disciplines<p>de façon à mettre en évidence leurs forces et faiblesses pour proposer une nouvelle<p>quantification de l’anthropisation, orientée vers la gestion, et de la tester sur des paysages<p>africains pour examiner la structure spatiale de l’anthropisation. Le DPSIR est utilisé pour<p>assembler les différents concepts. La nouvelle méthodologie est testée sur Lubumbashi<p>(RDC). Ensuite, le lien entre la thermodynamique et l’utilisation du terme entropie en<p>écologie du paysage est examiné. Vingt paysages servent alors à mettre en évidence la<p>complexité de l’impact de l’anthropisation sur l’hétérogénéité du paysage. Enfin, cette<p>modélisation sert à mettre en évidence l’origine anthropique de la structure spatiale d’une<p>classe d’occupation du sol à Lubumbashi.<p>Les résultats principaux de cette recherche sont que pléthore de termes sont utilisés<p>pour représenter différents aspects de l’anthropisation et que sa quantification dépend de<p>la définition d’états de référence. Cependant, la combinaison de différents formats de<p>données peut aboutir à une nouvelle méthodologie plus précise et adaptable, mais cela<p>nécessite une bonne connaissance de terrain. Les définitions de l’entropie dépendent soit de<p>la thermodynamique soit de la théorie de l’information, qui ne sont pas compatibles. Seule<p>l’imprévisibilité pourrait être interprétée thermodynamiquement, si les mesures de transfert<p>d’énergie étaient effectuées à l’échelle appropriée. L’impact humain sur l’hétérogénéité<p>diverge selon la quantité de surface déjà anthropisée, le type de couverture du sol pris en<p>compte ainsi que les composantes de l’hétérogénéité mesurées.<p>Ces découvertes peuvent être adaptées pour intégrer des aspects fonctionnels de la<p>structure spatiale et mieux cerner le lien entre celle-ci et le fonctionnement écologique, ce qui<p>permettrait de proposer des activités humaines et des structures spatiales qui optimiseraient<p>l’utilisation des ressources en sol pour assurer tant le fonctionnement écologique que le<p>développement humain.<br>Doctorat en Sciences agronomiques et ingénierie biologique<br>info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
21
Abd, Rahim Noor Hafhizah. "Comparing and compressing fuzzy concepts : methods and application." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.682484.
Full textAbstract:
In recent years, the volume of data has risen so rapidly due to the Internet and World Wide Web development. This phenomenon called information overload or digital obesity has caused data explosion and may lead to storage problems in the future. Many forms of data are stored and transmitted via internet including textual data. Textual data, which is usually in unstructured form can be processed or mined to yield useful information. In order to represent that, we need to know the underlying concepts. The most suitable approach to model the concepts is to design an ontology. Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) is complementary to the ontology approach, and provides a hierarchical structure of the concepts. However, an ontology is a fixed structure which does not change; in contrast, data is typically updated from day to day. The focus of this research is quantifying the changes in the content and structure of these concept hierarchies. it is beneficial if we quantify the changes. There are two types of measurements. The first measures the changes between two lattices which have identical sets of objects, but disjoint sets of attributes. We pair the overlapped concepts and compute the cost to transform each concept to its counterpart. We adapt the Levenstein distance to measure the changes. The second is Support-based Distance measurement, where we quantify the change in two lattices which have different sets of objects but the same set of attributes. We compute the support (or relative cardinality) for each concept's extension. Nowadays, online shopping becomes more common, and many customers, retailers, and manufacturers give attention to the product reviews. Because of that, we apply both measurements to an illustrative application using product review datasets. We monitor the differences between positive and negative sentiment orientations based on a product over fixed period of time using Edit Distance measurement. Additionally, we track the changes between lattices which represent the sentiment orientation on a product in two different time periods using Support-based Distance measurement. The phenomenon of information overload leads to problems using FCA, as it can be difficult to read the lattices and very costly to compute them. These large datasets are often high-dimensional datasets. We enhance an approach to select the important dimensions using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) through the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method, so that FCA computation becomes more tractable.
22
La, Rosa Cormack María Isabel. "Basic Concepts and school performance in girls at first grade and low SES." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/102329.
Full textAbstract:
The finality of this work was to solve the question about the relationship between knowledge of basic concepts such as: space, time quantity and number, and school performance. The sample was conformed by 30 low school first grade students aged 6 years belonging to low SES. The Boehm Test of Basic Concepts and a Pedagogical Test were administred to asses performance in language and mathematics. Significant correlation was founded between the study variables being higher the relation about concepts and language than concepts and mathematics.<br>La finalidad de este trabajo fue resolver la interrogante acerca de la relación entre el conocimiento de conceptos básicos de espacio, tiempo, cantidad y número, y el rendimiento escolar, a partir de un diseño de tipo correlacional. Para ello se tomó una muestra compuesta por treinta niñas de seis años de edad que cursaban el primer grado de primaria, pertenecientes a la clase socioeconómica baja. Como instrumentos se utilizaron el Test Boehm de Conceptos Básicos y una Prueba de Pedagógica que evaluaría el desempeño tanto en lenguaje como en matemáticas. Los resultados mostraron una correlación significativa entre las variables del estudio siendo mayor, la correlación entre conceptos y lenguaje, que entre conceptos y matemáticas.
23
Topintzi, Ermioni. "System concepts and formal modelling methods for business processes." Thesis, City University London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390937.
Full text
24
Khan, Rana Kashif. "New Concepts, Catalysts, and Methods in Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis." Thesis, Boston College, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:104359.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda<br>Chapter 1. Mechanistic Insights and Factors Influencing Polytopal Rearrangements in Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes. Herein, the mechanistic elucidation of the stereochemical inversion in stereogenic-at-Ru carbene complexes through olefin metathesis (OM) and non-olefin metathesis (non-OM) based polytopal rearrangements is provided. Our investigations involve the isolation and characterization of previously hypothesized higher-energy (e.g., endo-anti) and lower-energy (e.g., exo-anti) diastereomers, and their interconversion under thermal and/or acid-catalyzed conditions is demonstrated. Furthermore, our computational efforts highlighting the importance of the anionic ligands, due to their critical role in trans influence, dipolar interactions, and e-e repulsions, in polytopal rearrangements are reported. Finally, the positive influence of H-bonding in OM and non-OM processes is also rationalized. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; Zhugralin, A. R.; Torker, S.; O'Brien, R. V.; Lombardi, P. J. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Synthesis, Isolation, Characterization, and Reactivity of High-Energy Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes: Stereochemical Inversion Through Olefin Metathesis and Other Pathways," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 12438-12441. (b) Torker, S.; Khan, R. K. M. and Hoveyda, A. H. "The Influence of Anionic Ligands on Stereoisomerism of Ru Carbenes and Their Importance to Efficiency and Selectivity of Catalytic Olefin Metathesis Reactions," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 3439-3455. Chapter 2. Highly Z- and Enantioselective Ring-Opening/Cross-Metathesis of Enol Ethers Through Curtin-Hammett Kinetics. The first instances of Z- and enantioselective Ru-catalyzed olefin metathesis are presented. Ring-opening/cross-metathesis (ROCM) reactions of oxabicyclic alkenes and enol ethers and a phenyl vinyl sulfide are promoted by 0.5-5.0 mol % of enantiomerically pure stereogenic-at-Ru complexes with an aryloxy chelate tethered to the N-heterocyclic carbene. Products are formed efficiently and with exceptional enantioselectivity (up to >98:2 enantiomer ratio). Surprisingly, the enantioselective ROCM reactions proceed with high Z selectivity (up to >98% Z). Moreover, reactions proceed with the opposite sense of enantioselectivity versus aryl olefins, which afford E- isomers exclusively. DFT calculations and deuterium-scrambling experiments, indicating fast interconversion between endo- and exo-Fischer carbene diastereomers, support a Curtin-Hammett situation. On this basis, models accounting for the stereoselectivity levels and trends are provided. Furthermore, the correlation of Fischer carbene character to the observed chemoselectivity in ROCM with enol ethers is also disclosed. Finally, a general proposal for the substrate-controlled Z selectivity in OM is also discussed. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; O'Brien, R. V.; Torker, S.; Li, B. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Z- and Enantioselective Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis with Enol Ethers Catalyzed by Stereogenic-at-Ru Carbenes: Reactivity, Selectivity, and Curtin-Hammett Kinetics," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 12774-12779. (b) Torker, S.; Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Origin of Z selectivity in Olefin Metathesis Reactions of Certain Terminal Alkenes Catalyzed by Typically E-Selective Ru Carbenes," manuscript submitted. Chapter 3. A New Class of Highly Efficient Ru Catalysts for Z-Selective Olefin Metathesis. Herein, we outline a general design for Z-selective OM, which led to the development of a new class of stereogenic-at-Ru carbene complexes (Ru4-9). Furthermore, we demonstrate that the newly developed dithiolate complexes Ru4b and Ru5 efficiently promote high activity and selectivity in ROMP reactions of norbornene and cyclooctene. Notably, the catechothiolate Ru4b catalyzes Z-selective ROCM with a broad scope of alkenes involving various functional groups (e.g., alcohols, enol ethers, vinyl sulfides, amides, heterocycles, and conjugated 1,3-dienes). More importantly, we disclose that the catecholate complex Ru4a is kinetically non-selective in OM and readily decomposes in the presence of mildly acidic moieties (e.g., alcohols and CDCl3). Subsequently, Ru9 is developed to efficiently promote highly Z-selective CM of a diol cross-partner with a wide range of alkene substrates. Most remarkably, the aforementioned protocol is employed in two natural product syntheses and the OM-based Z-selective cracking of oleic acid, which is unprecedented with existing Ru-carbenes and Mo/W-alkylidenes. (a) Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Readily Accessible and Easily Modifiable Ru-Based Catalysts for Efficient and Z-Selective Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization and Ring-Opening Cross-Metathesis," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 10258-10261. (b) Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Broadly Applicable Z- and Diastereoselective Ring-Opening/Cross-Metathesis Catalyzed By a Dithiolate Ru Complex," Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 1968-1972. (c) Khan, R. K. M. ; Torker, S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Reactivity and Selectivity Differences Between Catecholate and Catechothiolate Ru Complexes. Implications Regarding Design of Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis Catalysts," J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 14337-14340. (d) Koh, M. J.; Khan, R. K. M.; Torker, S.; Yu, M.; Mikus, M. S. and Hoveyda, A. H. "Synthesis of High-Value Alcohols, Aldehydes and Acids by Catalytic Z-Selective Cross-Metathesis" manuscript submitted<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2014<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Chemistry
25
Nichols, Annemarie. "Utilizing music to teach basic spatial concepts to preschool children the impact on acquisition /." Muncie, Ind. : Ball State University, 2008. http://cardinalscholar.bsu.edu/380.
Full text
26
Ushiama, Taketoshi, and Toyohide Watanabe. "A representation method of time-varying characteristics of entity on the basis of core-surface concept." IEEE, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/6929.
Full text
27
Kessler, Marcel. "Exercise design for introductory programming "Learn-by-Doing" basic O-O-concepts using Inverted Curriculum /." Zürich : ETH, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, [Department of Computer Science, Chair of Software Engineering], 2004. http://e-collection.ethbib.ethz.ch/show?type=dipl&nr=186.
Full text
28
Schönberger, Jörn. "Operational freight carrier planning : basic concepts, optimization models and advanced memetic algorithms ; with 24 tables /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2005. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0663/2005922933-d.html.
Full text
29
Goddard, Kathryn. "Principles of research and development: a handbook for teaching basic concepts in new product development." Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15079.
Full textAbstract:
Master of Science<br>Food Science - Animal Sciences & Industry<br>Fadi M. Aramouni<br>Food product development involves more than just creating the perfect recipe. Representatives from marketing, procurement, research and development, safety, and quality all work together to complete product development projects. This manuscript is aimed to serve food science students and professionals learning the basics of the product development process, food component functionality, basic units of food processing, regulatory considerations, food safety concepts, consumer testing, confidentiality/ intellectual property issues, and essential pieces of marketing. Many other texts concentrate on food product development, but this text looks to create a more comprehensive guide. The breadth of knowledge needed for food product development are vast. Food science students and professionals can use this text to provide basic (not exhaustive) knowledge necessary to be a valuable part of a new product development team.
30
Kröger, Torsten. "On-line trajectory generation in robotics basic concepts for instantaneous reactions to unforeseen (sensor) events." Berlin Heidelberg Springer, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997432780/04.
Full text
31
Davis, Maxie Y. "Concepts and methods of measuring productivity at the organization level." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 1993. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA273126.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S. in Information Technology Management) Naval Postgraduate School, September 1993.<br>Thesis advisor(s): William J. Haga ; WIlliam R. Gates. "setpember 1993." Bibliography: p. 55-57. Also available online.
32
Dippenaar, Matthys Alois. "Assessment of vadose zone hydrology : concepts, methods, applications and guidelines." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43319.
Full textAbstract:
Vadose
zone
hydrology
is
a
developing
science
influenced
by
earth
scientists
(soil
scientists,
pedologists,
hydrogeologists,
engineering
geologists
and
geomorphologists)
and
engineers
(geotechnical).
However,
problems
faced
are
associated
with
lack
of
agreement
between
basic
concepts,
different
approaches
and
definitions,
and
difficulty
in
communicating
findings
to
other
technical
or
non-‐technical
audiences.
The
need
for
better
cross-‐disciplinary
dialogue
and
understanding
subsequently
becomes
increasingly
important,
notably
given
the
sensitivity
of
investigation
related
to
ephemeral
wetlands,
contamination
and
water
impacting
infrastructure
development.
This
thesis
therefore
aims
to
address
basic
concepts,
accepted
methodologies
and
highly
variable
and
sensitive
case
studies
in
order
to
minimise
risk
in
the
assessment
of
the
vadose
zone.
Terminologies,
quantification,
methods
and
existing
guidelines
are
critically
appraised
and
validated
based
on
three
case
studies.
Findings
are
reported
in
order
to
improve
investigation
techniques
and
to
minimise
risk.
Final
recommendations
are
made
regarding
a
proposed
vadose
zone
assessment
protocol
to
ensure
compliance
to
a
set
of
minimum
requirements
for
vadose
zone
assessment.
It
is
hoped
that
such
a
methodology
will
be
implemented
towards
protection
of
the
natural
environment,
notably
in
urban
areas,
as
well
as
to
prevent
damage
to
infrastructure.<br>Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2014.<br>lk2014<br>Geology<br>PhD<br>Unrestricted
33
Yano, Jun-Ichi, Jean-François Geleyn, Martin Köller, et al. "Basic concepts for convection parameterization in weather forecast and climate models: COST Action ES0905 final report." MDPI AG, 2014. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A12408.
Full textAbstract:
The research network “Basic Concepts for Convection Parameterization in Weather Forecast and Climate Models” was organized with European funding (COST Action ES0905) for the period of 2010–2014. Its extensive brainstorming suggests how the
subgrid-scale parameterization problem in atmospheric modeling, especially for convection, can be examined and developed from the point of view of a robust theoretical basis. Our main cautions are current emphasis on massive observational data analyses and process studies. The closure and the entrainment–detrainment problems are identified as the two highest priorities for convection parameterization under the mass–flux formulation. The need for
a drastic change of the current European research culture as concerns policies and funding in order not to further deplete the visions of the European researchers focusing on those basic issues is emphasized.
34
Rodrigo, Clinton. "Basic Comparison of Three Aircraft Concepts: Classic Jet Propulsion, Turbo-Electric Propulsion and Turbo-Hydraulic Propulsion." Master's thesis, Aircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO), Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering, Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1204558019.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose - This thesis presents a comparison of aircraft design concepts to identify the superior propulsion system model among turbo-hydraulic, turbo-electric and classic jet propulsion with respect to Direct Operating Costs (DOC), environmental impact and fuel burn. --- Approach - A simple aircraft model was designed based on the Top-Level Aircraft Requirements of the Airbus A320 passenger aircraft, and novel engine concepts were integrated to establish new models. Numerous types of propulsion system configurations were created by varying the type of gas turbine engine and number of propulsors. --- Findings - After an elaborate comparison of the aforementioned concepts, the all turbo-hydraulic propulsion system is found to be superior to the all turbo-electric propulsion system. A new propulsion system concept was developed by combining the thrust of a turbofan engine and utilizing the power produced by the turbo-hydraulic propulsion system that is delivered via propellers. The new partial turbo-hydraulic propulsion concept in which 20% of the total cruise power is coming from the (hydraulic driven) propellers is even more efficient than an all turbo-hydraulic concept in terms of DOC, environmental impact and fuel burn. --- Research Limitations - The aircraft were modelled with a spreadsheet based on handbook methods and relevant statistics. The investigation was done only for one type of reference aircraft and one route. A detailed analysis with a greater number of reference aircraft and types of routes could lead to other results. --- Practical Implications - With the provided spreadsheet, the DOC and environmental impact can be approximated for any commercial reference aircraft combined with the aforementioned propulsion system concepts. --- Social Implications - Based on the results of this thesis, the public will be able to discuss the demerits of otherwise highly lauded electric propulsion concepts. --- Value - To evaluate the viability of the hydraulic propulsion systems for passenger aircraft using simple mass models and aircraft design concept.
35
Timmermann, Dion [Verfasser]. "Engineering students' understanding of basic electric circuit concepts and the effect of qualitative worksheets / Dion Timmermann." Hamburg : Universitätsbibliothek der Technischen Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/121996350X/34.
Full text
36
Pan, Guocheng. "Concepts and methods of multivariate information synthesis for mineral resources estimation." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184946.
Full textAbstract:
This study introduces a new methodology referred to as geoinformation synthesis for multivariate evaluation of mineral resources and integration of diverse geoscience data. The most critical component is the development of the notion of intrinsic samples and the methods for their delineation. Intrinsic samples replace grid cells which are conventionally employed as the basic information reference. Grid cell sampling has imposed several serious limitations on the geoscience and genetic information that can be objectively related to mineral endowment. Methods based upon intrinsic samples moderate to a certain extent these problems and bring the critical genetic information into the geoscience information system which forms the basis for the quantitative evaluation of mineral resources. The second major component in this new methodology is the integration of factors describing exploration effects with other geodata and mineral endowment estimation; this combination effectively reduces the possibilities of biases in the estimates of mineral endowment and recoverable resources due to the incomplete knowledge on the control area and imperfect analogy with the study areas. The third component is the use in the qualitative models of synthesized geoinformation, which is considerably enhanced, instead of using directly the original measurements (geodata). Several multivariate techniques are proposed and employed for synthesis of diverse information and estimation of mineral endowment, including a priori weighted multivariate criterion, optimum discretization, coherency analysis, multidimensional scaling method (p(ijk), filtering analysis, and geochemical transportation models. These methods were developed, tested, and demonstrated on an actual case study of the epithermal gold-silver deposits in the Walker Lake quadrangle of Nevada and California using various data sets available for this region: geochemical, structural, gravity and magnetic, lithology, and alteration. Finally, the estimation of endowment in terms of epithermal gold-silver mineral occurrences is given for some selected intrinsic samples or information zones identified in the Walker Lake region.
37
Tshabalala, Moloadi Johannes. "The right to basic education : what about farm school learners? / M.J. Tshabalala." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/1780.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the challenges faced by farm
schools in exercising the right to basic education. In doing so, also to
determine possible reasons behind learners' drop-out rate at farm schools.
This stUdy was prompted by political changes, which took place after the
democratic elections of April 1994, impacting on the provisioning of education
in South Africa. The South African education system and its institutions were
confronted by many laws and policies, including the South African Schools Act
84 of 1996 (84/1996), the National Education Policy Act 27 of 1996 (27/1996)
and specific obligations under the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
Through literature and empirical studies it was found that the State's
commitment to social justice, especially to education, remains unfulfilled for
large numbers of children, youths and adults living in rural areas. Literature
revealed that the South African government is failing to protect the right to a
primary education for learners living on commercial farms by neither ensuring
their access to farm school, nor maintaining the adequacy of learning
conditions at these schools.
The research findings revealed that poverty resulting from unemployment or
low income on the farms increases the need for teenagers to be in paid
employment in the evenings or at the weekend, increasing absenteeism and
ultimately resulting in learners dropping out, and an increase in child-labour.
The empirical method, using questionnaires, was successful in obtaining
information about what challenges are faced by farm schools in exercising the
right to basic education and the reasons behind farm school learners
dropping-out. It also established how participants felt and thought about their
experiences and perceptions on the challenges confronting the right to basic
education as well as the reasons behind farm school learners dropping out.
The study established that if the State could respect and fulfil economic and
social rights of the farm sChool community, including the right to basic
education, by eradicating measures that deny the enjoyment of the right to
education as seen at the farm schools, great progress and sustainability as far
as education is concerned could be achieved by these schools.
A number or recommendations were made with regard to the research on
findings for the Sedibeng-West District (08).<br>Thesis (M.Ed. (Education Law))--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2008.
38
Everett, Linda Anne. "Primary children's perceptions of selected landscapes : reliability of methods and validity of responses." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322282.
Full text
39
Damla, Ozer. "Origins, Aims And Methods Of Basic Design Courses In Industrial Design Programs In Turkey." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605712/index.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines basic design courses in industrial design programs in Turkey, in terms of origins, aims and methods. The aim of the study is to inquire the differences and similarities, and to understand factors affecting the characteristics of basic design courses. A field study was conducted about the subject, which comprised of interviews with instructors of basic design courses and chairpersons in six departments offering undergraduate program in industrial design in Turkey.
The field study indicated that the aims of the course in different institutions were similar, whereas the origins, methods and the content varied. Of the factors affecting basic design education, student admission procedure, background of students and the faculty that the industrial design department belonged to were found to be important. The differences among course instructors were also found to be as much significant as the institutional differences.
40
Powell, Katherine L. "Basic Concepts in Early Education Programs for Children with Hearing Loss in Listening and Spoken Language Classrooms." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/938.
Full textAbstract:
Mastery of basic concepts is an academic building block for preschool children in early education programs. Research shows that understanding basic concepts (e.g. top, under, fast, now, all, behind, full and short) is important for academic success and higher order thinking. Experts in the field of concept acquisition agree on six strategies for teaching basic concepts. These strategies include: using positive examples and negative examples, highlighting critical features of concepts through continuous conversion, isolating the concept, the order in which the examples are presented, and teaching generalization. This study investigated the extent to which nine preschool teachers of children with hearing loss used four of the six strategies (using examples, non examples, continuous conversion, and isolating the concept) during a 20-minute lesson in which a new basic concept was taught. Results indicated that teachers do well with using examples to teach basic concepts, but they lack sufficient use of the other three strategies for teaching basic concepts.
41
Molinari, Marco. "Exergy and Parametric Analysis: Methods and Concepts for a Sustainable Built Environment." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Byggnadsteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-105380.
Full textAbstract:
Energy use in the world is continuously increasing. In the last 30 years the use of primary energy worldwide has more than doubled and it is mainly supplied with fossil fuels. A more efficient use of energy in the built environment has to be pursued if a more sustainable development is to be attained. The housing sector accounts for a major share of the energy use. Both in residential and commercial buildings, energy is mainly used for heating. Heat is energy with low quality. Traditional energy analysis methods, by failing to consider the energy quality, cannot give a holistic insight of the potential for reducing the energy used in the built environment. Exergy, instead, provides a tool to quantify the energy quality based on thermodynamic grounds. In this thesis a methodology based on both the reduction of the energy demand and exergy demand in buildings is proposed to mitigate the problems related to the energy use in buildings through a reduced and more efficient use of energy. The complex relations between building parameters to reduce the energy demand are managed with parametric analysis tools. The potential for energy demand reduction is investigated by means of screening analyses, local sensitivity analyses and global methods. A method for assessing the potential reduction of the energy demand in existing buildings and to evaluate the cost-efficiency of renovation measures based on the screening analysis is introduced and tested on two building typologies. In parallel, a program tool for parametric energy simulations, Consolis Parametric, has been developed on the core of an existing dynamic software, Consolis Energy +. Factorial analysis has been used to investigate the relations between the reduction of the energy demand and of the energy supply when ground source heat pumps are used for heating and cooling. Optimal configurations- dependent on the insulation of the building- of number of boreholes and spacing were identified for minimum electricity consumption. In the second part of this thesis exergy is used as tool for the definition of the efficient energy use in the built environment. The analysis of a multi-step heat pump to supply energy at two temperature levels, for space heating and domestic hot water production, exemplified how the reduction of the exergy loss can lead to a more efficient use of energy. The analysis was performed by means of SEPE, a modular software program developed in this work for exergy analysis in buildings. For the systematic reduction of the exergy losses in the built environment, an important prerequisite is the reduction of the exergy required by the building. Systems like floor heating and cooling, based on low difference emission temperature, are examples of low-exergy systems. Buildings with reduced need of exergy input increase the efficiency of systems like heat pumps and enhance the use of low quality energy, like waste heat and energy from low temperature renewable sources.<br><p>QC 20121121</p>
42
Al, Balushi Sabah Ahmed Ali. "The appropriation of Western management concepts and methods in Omani higher education." Thesis, University of York, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/20286/.
Full textAbstract:
The government of Oman continues to invest heavily in Western management methods and experts. While there is increased interest in exploring ways to maximize and align such Western importations in the developing state of Oman, there is a lack of research on how Omanis actually perceive and negotiate Western philosophies. Scant attention has been given both to the imported nature and the impact of Western methods in education. This study employs a mixed methods research strategy, comprising an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews to examine the specific ways people at different levels of the Omani education system understand and appropriate Western methods. The study proceeds progressively through three levels of penetrating analysis: a quantitative-qualitative analysis of the questionnaire (n= 168) that identifies the perceptions of end users; a content analysis of the interview data (n= 17) that identifies the perspectives of an elite group of top officials, decision makers and senior managers in higher education institutions; and an additional Foucauldian discourse analysis of the same interview data designed to identify the specific narratives and rhetorical strategies adopted by the interviewees as they reflect and are influenced by their level of power and positions. The study reveals that end users of the system use a variety of arguments and narratives: identity defensiveness, scepticism, pro-Western pragmatism, the adoption of a middle position, or topic avoidance. However, the elite interviewees approach the practice with narratives of defence, disapproval, compliance or tension, which are influenced by their level of authority within the higher education landscape. This wide disparity of views reflects the continued division in Muslim-Arab thought towards the West and the continued dilemma of how to reconcile the demand for modernisation whilst preserving traditional Islamic culture. The study findings contribute to the general field of international education and the specific issue of the extension of Western management methods in Omani education. Finally, the study adds to the understanding of Omani society as part of the broader Arab Middle East.
43
O'Brien, Robert Vincent. "The Development of New Catalysts, Concepts, and Methods for Stereoselective Olefin Metathesis." Thesis, Boston College, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/3925.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis advisor: Amir H. Hoveyda<br>We have synthesized Ru-carbene isocyanide complexes that promote both ring-opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene as well as cycloisomerization of diethyl diallylmalonate. We have also synthesized a N-heterocyclic carbene complex bearing a biphenylthiol moiety, and we installed this ligand on a Ru-carbene to produce a racemic chiral bidentate Ru-thiolate complex. Although the Ru-thiolate was found to initiate more slowly than the corresponding biphenoxide catalyst, both perform ring-opening/cross-metathesis (ROCM) with similar efficiency. Several other bidentate Ru-complexes were synthesized where the anionic ligand was varied (tosylate, pivalate, and phenylthiolate), as well as a new Re-alkylidene bis-pyrrolide. We have expanded the scope of Ru-catalyzed enantioselective ROCM of cyclopropenes utilizing a variety of ester, ketone, ether, and aliphatic olefin cross-partners. The utility of this method was demonstrated in the enantioselective total synthesis of the marine natural product (+)-sporochnol, which was synthesized in 8% overall yield across eleven linear steps. Additionally, we have developed an enantio- and Z-selective ROCM of enol ethers and oxabicycles; we propose the origin of Z-selectivity to arise from a lower barrier to ruthancyclobutane cleavage/formation for the cis-substituted ruthenacyclobutane vs the trans-substituted ruthenacyclobutane (which is favored for ROCM of oxabicycles and styrene). We also have found that stereogenic-at-Ru complexes are capable of undergoing non-metathesis isomerization through polytopal rearrangements. This observation may explain why cyclopropene ROCM suffers from low enantioselectivity for many substrates. We have developed a diasteroselective ROCM reaction, which utilizes commercially available ruthenium dichloride catalysts in the presence of chiral allylic alcohols and cyclopropenes. Our investigation revealed that the presence of a hydroxyl group dramatically accelerates the rate of ROCM vs the corresponding methyl ether and delivered products in high yield and diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, we found that the methyl ether delivered the opposite diastereomer vs the allylic alcohol; this led us to propose that intramolecular H-bonding between the hydroxyl proton and a chloride ligand controls the diastereoselectivity and enhances the rate of the ROCM. Protic additives have also been found to promote polytopal rearrangements in stereogenic-at-Ru complexes; H-bonding may facilitate olefin metathesis in a similar fashion to polytopal rearrangement by reducing the trans effect during the transition state to ruthenacyclobutane formation. A number of synthetically useful allylic alcohols and strained olefin substrates efficiently provide products in high diastereoselectivity and with good E:Z selectivity (89:11-97:3 dr, 4:1-11:1 E:Z). We have developed a Mo-catalyzed Z-selective cross-metathesis (CM) reaction. A wide range of olefin cross partners were found to be effective for both enol ether and allylic amide substrates (51-97% yield, 81 to 98% Z). We applied our Z-selective CM method to the synthesis of KRN7000, a potent immunostimulant (the Z-allylic amide was obtained in 85% yield and 96% Z). We also utilized Z-selective CM in the formal synthesis of an enol ether plasmalogen C18 (plasm)-16:0 (PC), a lipid membrane component found in mammalian brain tissue (the enol ether was obtained in >98:2 Z selectivity). Z-selective cross-metathesis is therefore a new tool for synthetic chemists to access important building blocks for the synthesis of biologically active molecules. We have developed a Z-selective cross-metathesis of vinyl and allyl boronates. Reactions of both substrate classes proceed to between 50-95% conv and deliver Z-vinylboronate and Z-crotylboronate products in 85-93% Z selectivity. Allylboronate CM provides Z-crotylboronates which can be used for diastereoselective crotylation. The utility of Z-selective vinylboronate CM was demonstrated in the synthesis of a dienyl boronate (obtained in 83% yield and >98% Z) that will be utilized in the total synthesis of the potent anti-cancer agent disorazole C1<br>Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2012<br>Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences<br>Discipline: Chemistry
44
Markell, Kyle Charles. "Exergy Methods for the Generic Analysis and Optimization of Hypersonic Vehicle Concepts." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31256.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis work presents detailed results of the application of exergy-based methods to highly dynamic, integrated aerospace systems such as hypersonic vehicle concepts. In particular, an exergy-based methodology is compared to a more traditional based measure by applying both to the synthesis/design and operational optimization of a hypersonic vehicle configuration comprised of an airframe sub-system and a propulsion sub-system consisting of inlet, combustor, and nozzle components. A number of key design and operational decision variables are identified as those which govern the hypersonic vehicle flow physics and thermodynamics and detailed one-dimensional models of each component and sub-system are developed. Rates of exergy loss as well as exergy destruction resulting from irreversible loss mechanisms are determined in each of the hypersonic vehicle sub-systems and their respective components.
Multiple optimizations are performed for both the propulsion sub-system only and for the entire hypersonic vehicle system for single mission segments and for a partial, three-segment mission. Three different objective functions are utilized in these optimizations with the specific goal of comparing exergy methods to a standard vehicle performance measure, namely, the vehicle overall efficiency. Results of these optimizations show that the exergy method presented here performs well when compared to the standard performance measure and, in a number of cases, leads to more optimal syntheses/designs in terms of the fuel mass flow rate required for a given task (e.g., for a fixed-thrust requirement or a given mission).
In addition to the various vehicle design optimizations, operational optimizations are conducted to examine the advantage if any of energy exchange to maintain shock-on-lip for both design and off-design conditions. Parametric studies of the hypersonic vehicle sub-systems and components are also conducted and provide further insights into the impacts that the design and operational decision variables and flow properties have on the rates of exergy destruction.<br>Master of Science
45
Oudan, Rodney. "Market orientation benefits to firm and economic development, theories, concepts and methods." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/985163828/04.
Full text
46
Teranishi, Takahiro. "Concept formation through iconicity: basic shapes and their metaphorical extensions in English and Japanese." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/598.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract One of the ways for a speaker to make sense of an object or event in the real world is to make use of iconicity between two things. Through iconic metaphorical extensions, the speaker connects the object or event to something else. In this study, I consider how speakers form concepts through iconic metaphorical extensions, examining how they metaphorically extend one concept to another. I suggest that all speakers use the same ways of forming metaphorical extensions and control metaphorical extensions according to their intentions and contexts. Using basic and simple shapes (e.g. 0) and their related metaphorical expressions (e.g. `a circular argument'), I discuss the role of iconicity in metaphorical understanding, the relationship between concept and language, and metaphorical extensions as tools of concept formation. I conduct descriptive investigations using dictionaries and compare related senses for particular basic shapes between English and Japanese, looking at their polysemous networks and historical changes. Using questionnaires, interviews and tasks with native speakers of English and Japanese, I conduct experimental investigations to examine the speakers' associations in relation to basic shapes and the degree of iconicity in metaphorical extensions. This study suggests that concepts, although probably stored in the mental space, are recreated every time they occur. Concept formation through iconic metaphorical extensions must be dynamic because it is based on 'extensions' of existing concepts, and must be universal to all speakers because metaphorical extensions are among the most basic mental activities of human beings. I propose dynamic and universal models which represent the way in which a speaker forms concepts, connecting a linguistic form and a mental picture and controlling iconic metaphorical extensions. These models contribute to understanding both similarities and differences in use of metaphorical extensions between English and Japanese.
47
Nordlander, Johan. "Towards a semantics of linguistic time : exploring some basic time concepts with special reference to English and Krio." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40144929n.
Full text
48
Teranishi, Takahiro. "Concept formation through iconicity basic shapes and their related metaphorical extensions in English and Japanese /." University of Sydney. Linguistics, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/598.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract One of the ways for a speaker to make sense of an object or event in the real world is to make use of iconicity between two things. Through iconic metaphorical extensions, the speaker connects the object or event to something else. In this study, I consider how speakers form concepts through iconic metaphorical extensions, examining how they metaphorically extend one concept to another. I suggest that all speakers use the same ways of forming metaphorical extensions and control metaphorical extensions according to their intentions and contexts. Using basic and simple shapes (e.g. 0) and their related metaphorical expressions (e.g. `a circular argument'), I discuss the role of iconicity in metaphorical understanding, the relationship between concept and language, and metaphorical extensions as tools of concept formation. I conduct descriptive investigations using dictionaries and compare related senses for particular basic shapes between English and Japanese, looking at their polysemous networks and historical changes. Using questionnaires, interviews and tasks with native speakers of English and Japanese, I conduct experimental investigations to examine the speakers' associations in relation to basic shapes and the degree of iconicity in metaphorical extensions. This study suggests that concepts, although probably stored in the mental space, are recreated every time they occur. Concept formation through iconic metaphorical extensions must be dynamic because it is based on 'extensions' of existing concepts, and must be universal to all speakers because metaphorical extensions are among the most basic mental activities of human beings. I propose dynamic and universal models which represent the way in which a speaker forms concepts, connecting a linguistic form and a mental picture and controlling iconic metaphorical extensions. These models contribute to understanding both similarities and differences in use of metaphorical extensions between English and Japanese.
49
Pawling, Kimberly. "INTEGRATING UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR LEARNING CONCEPTS INTO SECONDARY GENERAL EDUCATION INSTRUCTIONAL METHODS COURSES." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2010. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3302.
Full textAbstract:
Because many general education teachers feel unprepared to provide students with disabilities with appropriate instruction, changes to teacher education programs are needed (Burdette, 2007; Smith et al., 2010). Teacher education programs need to integrate content regarding instructional methods for teaching and accommodating students with disabilities in secondary, general education classrooms (Burdette, 2007; Smith et al., 2010). The results of the research should provide insight (1) to determine if integrating instruction on UDL into preservice SGE students' instructional methods courses will increase students' knowledge of UDL and (2) to determine if integrating instruction on Universal Design for Learning (UDL) will affect how secondary social studies (SS) students design lesson plans, particularly, content delivery and student assessment, in regards to the three principles of UDL. The research design was a quantitative, quasi-experimental design. The participants in the research study were students enrolled in four content specific SGE instructional methods courses: Social Studies (SS), Language Arts (LA), Mathematics (M) and Science (S). Research question one s data were analyzed both within content area, Wilcxon test for matched pairs, and between content areas, Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples. The results from research question one indicated a significant difference (p < .05). between pre and post UDL Knowledge test scores within the SGE SS participants. Within the other three SGE content areas, M, LA, and S, subjects UDL Knowledge pre to posttest scores did not significantly change. When each content area s difference score for the UDL knowledge pre and posttest were calculated and compared between content areas, only the SS and S pairing demonstrated a statistically significant difference score (p < .05). Data from research question two indicated no statistically significant difference (p > .05) between pre and post intervention UDL lesson plan rubric scores. The study provides impetus for future research regarding effective delivery of UDL content in teacher preparation programs. The study also provides suggestions for future researchers who may be interested in designing a similar research study. Finally, the study provides teacher education leadership with questions regarding how the three principles of UDL planning, instruction, and assessment align with the current teacher and student educational evaluation practice of standardized assessments.<br>Ph.D.<br>Department of Child, Family and Community Sciences<br>Education<br>Education EdD
50
Lamamy, Julien-Alexandre 1978. "Methods and tools for the formulation, evaluation and optimization of rover mission concepts." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40354.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2007.<br>Page 256 blank.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 245-255).<br>Traditionally, Mars rover missions have been conceived with a single point design approach, exploring a limited architectural trade space. The design of future missions must resolve a conflict between increasingly ambitious scientific objectives and strict technical and programmatic constraints. Therefore, there is a need for advanced mission study engineers to consider a wider range of surface exploration concepts in order to identify those with superior performance and robustness with respect to evolving mission objectives. To this end, a three stage trade space exploration approach has been developed to supplement point design development in the early conceptual phase of Mars rover missions. The product is an integrated set of theoretical methods and analytical tools which enhances the understanding and enables the rapid exploration of the rover mission trade space. In the formulation stage, the first stage of the approach, a parallel decomposition of the functional and physical aspects of Mars exploration architectures is employed to explore trade space of surface mission concepts. At each step of the decomposition, architectural alternatives are assessed with respect to stakeholder figures of merit.<br>(cont.) The resulting concept development trees allow for a rapid assessment of a given design's strength and robustness with respect to stakeholder priorities. In the evaluation stage, the Mars Surface Exploration (MSE) rover system design tool is used to support quantitative analysis of the superior designs identified in the formulation stage. This tool, for advanced mission studies, offers unique functionality: breadth of exploration, system-level modeling fidelity and rapidity. As a demonstration of its capabilities, the tool is used to model and evaluate a multi-rover mission concept in less than two hours. In the optimization stage, two systems engineering methods are developed to optimize, with MSE, the more complex technical and physical aspects of rover mission architectures. The first method assesses the value of autonomy technologies in future missions; it is based on the principle that the monetary worth of autonomy can be evaluated by benchmarking its performance against competing solutions with known cost. The method is applied to value autonomy development for site-to-site traverse and sample approach activities.<br>(cont.) The second method optimizes platform strategies for space exploration systems; an innovative optimization technique is developed to enumerate of all platform options. In the six rover mission campaigns analyzed, the best platform strategies are shown to generate very limited savings compared to traditional strategies. The two case studies demonstrate that the analytical capabilities of MSE combined with a theoretical structure form a valuable decision making tool for early conceptual design trade-offs.<br>by Julien-Alexandre Lamamy.<br>Ph.D.