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Journal articles on the topic 'Basin Hydrographic'
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GARAI, Lavinia Daiana. "MORPHOGRAPHIC STUDY OF BOIULUI VALLEY HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN." Analele Universităţii din Oradea, Seria Geografie 31, no. 1 (2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/auog.311104-867.
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The aim of the present paper is to determine the morphometric parameters and features of Boiului Valley hydrographic basin. The basin is located in a karst area, in Pădurea Craiului Mountains, Romania, which makes it special, as the rivers flow through soluble rocks. We selected a small basin in order to analyse its morphometric elements and check if the morphometric laws of hydrographic basins are respected in the same way by the rivers flowing in karst areas. We applied the classical working method, that is processing the information from the topographic maps and with the help of the ArcGis soft we managed to measure the major morphometric indicators: the surface of the basin, the area, the shape factor, the length and width of the basin, drainage basin asymmetry factor and sinuosity index.
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Arai, Fabiane K., Silvio B. Pereira, and Geula G. G. Gonçalves. "Characterization of water availability in a hydrographic basin." Engenharia Agrícola 32, no. 3 (2012): 591–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-69162012000300018.
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The quantitative knowledge of hydrological parameters (rainfall and flow) and their spatial and temporal variability on the regions or basins should be understood as essential to the efficient planning and management of water resources. Because the Ivinhema Basin, located in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, represents an important inductor on the region agricultural development, characterized as a major producer of grains and meat, it was used to characterize the hydrological study. Knowing the rainfall, flow and drainage area of each of the studied affluent, it was calculated the proportion of contribution of the affluent. To that end, it was proposed the concepts of potential and real contributions, aiming to identify the proportion of contribution of each of the affluent to the formation of the flow in the Ivinhema Basin. The results revealed that: the highest rainfall in the Ivinhema Basin occurred in the headwater regions; the mean specific flow of long duration reduces from the headwater to the mouth of Ivinhema Basin; the Sub-basin of Dorado's River has the highest potential and real contribution for the formation of the Ivinhema Basin flow; and the drainage areas of the affluent Dourados and Vacaria contribute with 53% flow of the basin.
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Sukhyj, P., and I. Berezka. "The climatic conditions of the drainage and surface water regime Upper Siret river basin." Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Geography, no. 46 (December 26, 2013): 348–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vgg.2013.46.1501.
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A study of climate Siret River Basin within the Chernivtsi region. Designated hydrographic and hydrometric characteristics of rivers. The relationship between climatic conditions and the hydrographic network and the regime of surface water basin of the Upper Siret. Key words: river basin; climate; surface water; hydrological regime.
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KOUTSIKOS, N., S. ZOGARIS, L. VARDAKAS, et al. "Recent contributions to the distribution of the freshwater ichthyofauna in Greece." Mediterranean Marine Science 13, no. 2 (2012): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.308.
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In this paper we supplement Greece’s recent annotated inventory of freshwater fishes per hydrographic basin with recent distributional data and taxa alteration information, based on field sampling and a literature review up to September 2011. We report on newly documented distributional records of 31 fish species plus one unidentified taxon, within 35 hydrographic river basin units in Greece. These new records include 14 native fish species, seven alien and 12 translocated. Translocated taxa are distinguished from aliens, in order to report species non-indigenous to a basin but native within the same ecoregion. Twelve hydrographic basin units are newly added to the roster of ichthyologically explored river basins following a previous basin-scale inventory method (the total is now 117). This review increases the number of Greece’s freshwater fish taxa to 167, since four new species are added to the list (Carassius langsdorfii, Neogobius fluviatilis, Telestes alfiensis, Millerigobius macrocephalus) and two are deleted (Salmo dentex, Barbus rebeli) due to taxonomic changes. Taxonomic changes will probably continue to alter the national list since phylogenetic research is ongoing on several taxa in many parts of the country
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Silva, Fabio Leandro da, Ângela Terumi Fushita, Marcela Bianchessi da Cunha-Santino, Irineu Bianchini Júnior, and José Carlos Toledo Veneziani Júnior. "Gestão de recursos hídricos e manejo de bacias hidrográficas no Brasil: elementos básicos, histórico e estratégias." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 3 (2021): 1626. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.3.p1626-1653.
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Atualmente, cerca de dois bilhões de pessoas carecem de acesso à água de qualidade. No Brasil, tal situação é agravada por questões geográficas, adensamento populacional e poluição. Considerando que a bacia hidrográfica é a unidade de planejamento ambiental no Brasil, pressupõe-se que a realização de seu manejo de forma adequada e aplicação das políticas correlacionadas favorecem a promoção dos usos múltiplos da água. O presente artigo visa fornecer uma visão geral da gestão de recursos hídricos, adotando a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de manejo, abordando aspectos básicos ligados aos recursos hídricos, o histórico do sistema de gestão de recursos hídricos brasileiro e apontar elementos que podem ser empregados no manejo de bacias hidrográficas. Os esforços destinados à gestão dos recursos hídricos no Brasil se iniciaram em 1934, o manejo das bacias hidrográficas deve ser pautado na implementação de estratégias conservacionistas, do saneamento ambiental e da promoção da articulação entre os instrumentos existentes. O processo de gerenciamento deve envolver todos os interessados e os recursos arrecadados com a cobrança pelo uso da água devem favorecer a condução das ações nas bacias hidrográficas. O Grau de Hemerobia consiste em uma ferramenta útil para verificar a influência da paisagem sobre a qualidade da água e eventuais desregulações dos ecossistemas. Water resource management and hydrographic basin management in Brazil: basic elements, historic and strategies A B S T R A C TCurrently, about two billion people lack access to quality water. In Brazil, this situation is aggravated by geographical issues, population density, and pollution. Considering that the hydrographic basin is the environmental planning unit in Brazil, we assumed that the performance of its management in an appropriate manner and application of related policies favors the promotion of multiple water uses. This article aims to provide an overview of water resources management, adopting the hydrographic basin as a management unit, addressing basic aspects related to water resources, the historic of the Brazilian water resource management system and pointing out elements that can be used in the management of hydrographic basins. Efforts destined to the water resources management in Brazil began in 1934, the management of hydrographic basins must be guided by the implementation of conservationist strategies, the implementation of environmental sanitation and promoting the articulation between the existing instruments. The management process needs to involve all stakeholders and the resources collected from charging for the use of water favors the conduct of actions in hydrographic basins. The Hemeroby Degree is a useful tool for verifying the influence of the landscape on water quality and possible deregulation of the ecosystems.Keywords: Aquatic Ecosystems; Management; Planning; Environmental Policy.
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Chaieb, Ali, and Noamen Rebai. "Gis analysis of hypsometry and basin asymmetry factor in Htab river basin and tectonic implications (Central Atlas, Tunisia)." Revue Internationale de Géomatique 29, no. 3-4 (2019): 287–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2019.00082.
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The geomorphology of the Htab river watershed is mainly guided by the action of the E-W Kasserine fault. This activity influenced the installed hydrographic system. To see the impact of neotectonic on the Htab river watershed, four morphometric indices were applied: the elongation ratio, the hypsometric curve, the hypsometric integral, and the asymmetry factor. The processing and calculation of these indices were based on global DEMs (Digital Elevation Models). The result obtained shows an important link between the activity of the Kasserine fault, the geomorphological behavior of the Htab river watershed and the hydrographic network. Field observations confirmed well these results.
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Mizuno, Keisuke. "Basin-Scale Hydrographic Analysis and Optimal Interpolation Method." Oceanography in Japan 4, no. 3 (1995): 187–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.5928/kaiyou.4.187.
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Collins, C., J. C. Hermes, R. E. Roman, and C. J. C. Reason. "First dedicated hydrographic survey of the Comoros Basin." Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 121, no. 2 (2016): 1291–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015jc011418.
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Favretto, Mario Arthur, Elton Orlandin, Emili Bortolon Dos Santos, and Osvaldo Onghero-Jr. "Functional trophic groups and spatial variation of aquatic insects in a hydrographic basin of Southern Brazil." Acta Biológica Catarinense 5, no. 3 (2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/abc.v5i3.447.
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In Brazil hydrographic basins are geographical unities used to environmental and hydric resources management, but few studies focus in the biodiversity variation within these unities. Here we present the results of spatial variation of aquatic insects in streams of a hydrographic basin in Southern Brazil. The insect composition was analyzed in relation to abundance of the families, functional trophic group and environmental evaluation indexes proposed by literature. The insects had a heterogeneous distribution in the sampling areas of the hydrographic basin. The most abundant families were Hydropsychidae, Philopotamidae and Leptophlebiidae, which demonstrate a good oxygenation of the water in the sampling streams. The most abundant functional trophic groups were gatherer-collector (20%) and scraper (18.92%). The indexes demonstrated the riverbeds of the streams are stable, with a high presence of fine particulate organic matter and they were considered heterotrophic. However, they also indicated a low abundance of shredders, which may be related to poor environmental conditions in the riparian forests. Therefore, here we found spatial variation of aquatic insects and indexes performed indicated the main human impacts as deforestation and inadequate land use. The data obtained also contributed to reinforce the importance of hydrographic basin as geographical unities for environmental conservation.
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Papaioannou, George, Lampros Vasiliades, Athanasios Loukas, et al. "A Flood Inundation Modeling Approach for Urban and Rural Areas in Lake and Large-Scale River Basins." Water 13, no. 9 (2021): 1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13091264.
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Fluvial floods are one of the primary natural hazards to our society, and the associated flood risk should always be evaluated for present and future conditions. The European Union’s (EU) Floods Directive highlights the importance of flood mapping as a key stage for detecting vulnerable areas, assessing floods’ impacts, and identifying damages and compensation plans. The implementation of the EU Flood Directive in Greece is challenging because of its geophysical and climatic variability and diverse hydrologic and hydraulic conditions. This study addressed this challenge by modeling of design rainfall at the sub-watershed level and subsequent estimation of flood design hydrographs using the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) Unit Hydrograph Procedure. The HEC-RAS 2D model was used for flood routing, estimation of flood attributes (i.e., water depths and flow velocities), and mapping of inundated areas. The modeling approach was applied at two complex and ungauged representative basins: The Lake Pamvotida basin located in the Epirus Region of the wet Western Greece, and the Pinios River basin located in the Thessaly Region of the drier Central Greece, a basin with a complex dendritic hydrographic system, expanding to more than 1188 river-km. The proposed modeling approach aimed at better estimation and mapping of flood inundation areas including relative uncertainties and providing guidance to professionals and academics.
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Korhonen, M., B. Rudels, M. Marnela, A. Wisotzki, and J. Zhao. "Time and space variability of freshwater content, heat content and seasonal ice melt in the Arctic Ocean from 1991 to 2011." Ocean Science 9, no. 6 (2013): 1015–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/os-9-1015-2013.
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Abstract. Changes in the hydrography of the Arctic Ocean have recently been reported. The upper ocean has been freshening and pulses of warm Atlantic Water have been observed to spread into the Arctic Ocean. Although these changes have been intensively studied, salinity and temperature variations have less frequently been considered together. Here hydrographic observations, obtained by icebreaker expeditions conducted between 1991 and 2011, are analyzed and discussed. Five different water masses in the upper 1000 m of the water column are examined in five sub-basins of the Arctic Ocean. This allows for studying the variations of the distributions of the freshwater and heat contents in the Arctic Ocean not only in time but also laterally and vertically. In addition, the seasonal ice melt contribution is separated from the permanent, winter, freshwater content of the Polar Mixed Layer. Because the positions of the icebreaker stations vary between the years, the icebreaker observations are at each specific point in space and time compared with the Polar Science Center Hydrographic Climatology to separate the effects of space and time variability on the observations. The hydrographic melt water estimate is discussed and compared with the potential ice melt induced by atmospheric heat input estimated from the ERA–Interim and NCEP/NCAR reanalyses. After a period of increased salinity in the upper ocean during the 1990s, both the Polar Mixed Layer and the upper halocline have been freshening. The increase in freshwater content in the Polar Mixed Layer is primarily driven by a decrease in salinity, not by changes in Polar Mixed Layer depth, whereas the freshwater is accumulating in the upper halocline mainly through the increasing thickness of the halocline. This is especially evident in the Northern Canada Basin, where the most substantial freshening is observed. The warming, and to some extent also the increase in salinity, of the Atlantic Water during the early 1990s extended from the Nansen Basin into the Amundsen and Makarov basins, while the warm and saline inflows occurring during the 2000s appear to be confined to the Nansen Basin, suggesting that the warm and saline inflow through Fram Strait largely recirculates in the Nansen Basin.
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Ristic-Vakanjac, Vesna, Veljko Marinovic, Marina Cokorilo-Ilic, Boris Vakanjac, and Slobodan Prohaska. "Climate and hydrographic characteristics of the Toplodolska river basin." Pirotski zbornik, no. 41 (2016): 115–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/pirotzbor1641115r.
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Sallun, Alethea E. M., and Kenitiro Suguio. "Quaternary colluvial episodes (Upper Paraná River Hydrographic Basin, Brazil)." Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências 82, no. 3 (2010): 701–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0001-37652010000300018.
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Colluvial deposits occur extensively in the Upper Paraná River Hydrographic Basin (UPRHB) in Southeastern,Southern, and Western central Brazil. These deposits were recognized as an allostratigraphic unit and related to creeping during the Quaternary. Every studied colluvial profile is homogeneous, which indicates relatively long periods of landscape stability that is sufficient for the development of a thick soil cover. The deposits were dated by luminescence and indicate periods of more intense colluvial deposition between 6 and 220 ky B.P. These events correspond approximately to the transitions between the oxygen isotope stages 2-3-4 and 5-6, suggesting that this aggradation was influenced by climatic changes. However, the most important alluviation episode was tentatively correlated with the Middle to Upper Pleniglacial of the Wisconsin glaciation. The most intensive and frequent periods of precipitation that occurred during climate transitions are probably correlated with aggradation events. The regularity of the colluvial deposits suggests continuous uplift accompanied by sediment deposition throughout the UPRHB due to neotectonic activity during the last million years.
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Viorel, Galiş. "The Wind Regime in the Crişul Negru Hydrographic Basin." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 8, no. 2 (2014): 45–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pesd-2014-0024.
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Abstract The paper presents the main features of the wind regime in the Crişul Negru hydrographic basin starting from meteorological data recorded at 10 stations distributed across the basin. The analysis was developed based on the classical methodology of processing the meteorological data presented with a climatological purpose in various specialty studies. The study developed reveals that the wind regime depends on a number of factors such as the air movement, topography and local conditions, actually known from previous studies, but this paper distinguishes itself as a novelty through its values that are statistically concrete and correct, all calculated for the main parameters.
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Voss, Rüdiger, Hans-Harald Hinrichsen, Daniel Stepputtis, et al. "Egg mortality: predation and hydrography in the central Baltic." ICES Journal of Marine Science 68, no. 7 (2011): 1379–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsr061.
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Abstract Voss, R., Hinrichsen, H-H., Stepputtis, D., Bernreuther, M., Huwer, B., Neumann, V., and Schmidt, J. O. 2011. Egg mortality: predation and hydrography in the central Baltic. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 68: 1379–1390. Cod and sprat are the dominant fish species in the Baltic pelagic ecosystem, both of great economic importance and ecologically strongly interlinked. Management of both species is challenged by highly variable recruitment success. Recent studies have identified predation and hydrographic conditions during the egg phase to be of critical importance. Two years of extensive field investigations in the Bornholm Basin, central Baltic Sea, were undertaken. In 2002, a typical stagnation situation characterized by low salinity and poor oxygen conditions was investigated, and in early 2003, a major inflow of North Sea water completely changed the hydrographic conditions by increasing salinity and oxygen content, thereby altering ecological conditions. The goal was to quantify egg mortality caused by predation and hydrography, and to compare these estimates with independent estimates based on cohort analysis. Results indicated high intra-annual variability in egg mortality. Cod and sprat egg mortality responded differently to the major Baltic inflow: mortality related to hydrographic conditions increased for sprat and decreased for cod. On the other hand, predation mortality during peak spawning decreased for sprat and increased for cod.
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Claudino-Sales, Vanda, Ernane Cortez Lima, and Simone Ferreira Diniz. "ANÁLISE GEOAMBIENTAL DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO ACARAÚ, CEARÁ, NORDESTE DO BRASIL." REVISTA GEONORTE 11, no. 38 (2020): 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2020.v.11.n.38.90.109.
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This article presents a geoenvironmental picture of the hydrographic basin of the Rio Acarau (geology, geomorphology, pedology), located in the Brazilian northern Northeast, as well as the environmental problems that characterize it. The study area is located in a poor and extremely populous semi-arid region, with large environmental degradation of the river course and its plaine. It is necessary that regional authorities transform the hydrographic basin into a fundamental socio-economic and environmental planning unit, based on the surveys and geoenvironmental characterization of the area, to reverse the socioenvironmental degradation of the natural resource and allow territiorial growth based on sustainable development.
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Gomes, Dênis, Letícia Pereira da Silva, and Aline Maria Meiguins de Lima. "VULNERABILIDADE AMBIENTAL NA SUB-BACIA DO MÉDIO TAPAJÓS (AM-PA)." REVISTA GEONORTE 11, no. 38 (2020): 71–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2020.v.11.n.38.71.89.
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The study of soil water erosion in the Tapajos hydrographic region is important due to the area is marked by anthropic activities. Were used estimated rainfall data (GPCC); Slope (INPE); hydrographic division (ANA); Economic and socio-environmental products (EMBRAPA, IBGE and MMA). Geoprocessing was used to do products that generate environmental risk, in addition to the Kernel interpolator for drainage density and population occupation. The risk presented shows that the areas most susceptible to erosion are the northwest part bordering this stretch of the river, in addition to the east side of the basin with the SO-S axis. The results obtained point to an increasingvulnerability with the potential for anthropism in the region.
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Romanescu, Gheorghe, and Constantin Zaharia. "Variation of Mean Seasonal Discharges in the Miletin River Basin (Moldavian Plain, Romania)." Present Environment and Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (2016): 61–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pesd-2016-0006.
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AbstractThe hydrographic basin of the Miletin River is situated in the southeast of Europe, in a transitional temperate-continental climate, with considerable variations in the regime of precipitations. The purpose of this study is the spatial and temporal analysis of the mean seasonal discharges, meant to underline the need of implementing regulation projects for the Miletin stream. Furthermore, there are only a few specialized works on this hydrographic basin. The mean seasonal runoff presents significant seasonal and multiannual variations, caused by the high frequency of torrentiality, which characterizes the climate of the Miletin River area. Data from the rainfall stations of Nicolae Balcescu, Chiscareni, and Halceni, as well as from the hydrometric stations of Nicolae Balcescu, Sipote, and Halceni- downstream, respectively, were used. Unlike the stations with a natural runoff regime (Nicolae Balcescu, within the upper basin, Sipote within the middle basin, respectively), for Halceni-downstream (on the lower stream), the artificial runoff underlines a weak correlation with the rainfall regime. The data rows regard periods of 33-59 years, enough to conduct statistical analyses. Data from Halceni- downstream were analyzed, too, though the variables that characterize the hydrologic and rainfall regime within this region concern only 18 years. In the Miletin hydrographic basin, low and high discharge oscillations occur in all the four seasons. This characteristic is very different from those of the great hydrographic arteries that cross the east of Romania: Pruth and Siret.
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Alencar, Kalesson Martins, Michel Castro Moreira, and Demetrius David da Silva. "Cost of charging for water use in the Brazilian Cerrado hydrographic basin." Ambiente e Agua - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Science 13, no. 5 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.2238.
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This study analyzed the relative cost of charging for water use with respect to water users' production costs in the Grande River Basin, located in the Brazilian Cerrado, considering the principal charging methods existing in Brazil. The study was developed based on: the rights of use grant data surveys pertaining to water resources and the classification of bodies of water into usage classes; a simulation of charging for water use through various methods; and an analysis of the relative cost of charges on the production cost of the water users. The charging methods used by the following were studied: the Committee of the Basin of River Paraíba do Sul (CEIVAP), the Committee of Basins of Piracicaba, Capivari and Jundiaí Rivers (PCJ), the São Francisco River Basin Committee (CBHSF) and the Doce River Basin Committee (CBH-DOCE). The study verified that irrigated agriculture is the sector that uses the most water, representing 46.4% of the outflow granted in the basin. Considering the different charging methods, the collection in the basin of the Grande River potentially allows for investments of US$ 1.2 million (PCJ), US$ 920,000 (CEIVAP), US$ 426,000 (CBH-DOCE), or US$ 297,000 (CBHSF) in this region, leading to average relative costs of 0.68% (irrigation), 0.28% (human) and 0.08% (industry). For this reason, there is the possibility of implanting charges for water use in the Grande River Basin, with either the CEIVAP's or PCJ's method appearing to be the most suitable, given that the parameters of these mechanisms are in line with existing activities in the basin.
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Couto, Edivando Vitor do, Pablo B. Oliveira, Luciane Maria Vieira, Marcelo H. Schmitz, and José Hilário D. Ferreira. "Integrating Environmental, Geographical and Social Data to Assess Sustainability in Hydrographic Basins: The ESI Approach." Sustainability 12, no. 7 (2020): 3057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12073057.
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The elaboration of environmental sustainability indexes (ESI) aims to describe the complexity between social, environmental and ecological health. These indexes play a crucial role by helping stakeholders during the decision-making process and by identifying possible sites that require practical sustainable actions. In this study, we aim to elaborate an ESI for hydrographic basins. We use three factors to build the index: land use; vulnerability to soil degradation and topographic land attributes; and human development. The human development factor includes the dimensions of education, sanitation, longevity and income. These three factors are recommended by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and reflect the pressure–state–impact assessment model. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed ESI, we applied it in a hydrographic basin located in southern Brazil. The sustainability level variation in the basin was classified into five groups: very low (0%), low (17%), intermediate (72%), high (11%) and very high (0%). The predominance of the intermediate sustainability level was found to mainly owe to the extent of agricultural land and the high degree of susceptibility to soil erosion in areas with low environmental conservation. In areas with native vegetation, environmental sustainability was found to be higher than in areas with other land use types. The resulting ESI will help facilitate future studies in environmental, economic or social dimensions in any hydrographic basin.
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Simons, Elizabeth, Kevin Speer, and Andreas M. Thurnherr. "Deep circulation in the Lau Basin and Havre Trough of the western South Pacific Ocean from floats and hydrography." Journal of Marine Research 77, no. 5 (2019): 353–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1357/002224019833406150.
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A system of meridional ridges in the western South Pacific Ocean frame the Lau Basin and Havre Trough, and form a barrier to direct communication between the far western South Pacific basins and the interior South Pacific Ocean. The eastern side of this system comprises the Tonga and Kermadec Ridges, the location of the main deep western boundary current entering the Pacific Ocean. Observations from floats released in the Lau Basin as part of the RIDGE2000 program suggested the presence of a western boundary current along the Lau Ridge exiting into the North Fiji Basin. Those observations, together with Argo sub-surface float data and repeat hydrographic sections, confirm and expand the boundary current observations along the Lau Ridge throughout the Lau Basin and into the Havre Trough, along the Colville Ridge. The observations also reveal two previously unrecognized westward flowing jets bisecting the Lau Basin and Havre Trough. Using an extension to the classic Stommel-Arons abyssal circulation model, the predicted strength and location of these boundary currents and their bifurcation is compared with the float observations. The model provides a simplified view of the dynamics controlling the boundary current structure in the deep basins. A comparison of transport within the western boundary current derived from float data, hydrographic sections, and the idealized analytical model indicates that roughly 4 Sv (below 1,000 db) is transported northward through the Lau Basin, exiting into the North Fiji Basin.
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RĂDUCĂ, Cristian, Sandu BOENGIU, Oana MITITELU-IONUȘ, and Constantin ENACHE. "CORRELATION OF THE RELIEF CONDITIONS, HYDROGRAPHIC NETWORK FEATURES AND HUMAN INTERVENTIONS WITHIN THE BLAHNIŢA RIVER BASIN (SOUTHWESTERN ROMANIA)." Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 16, no. 1 (2021): 117–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2021/016/160.
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Significance of rivers within plains is increasing nowadays as hydrographic network has become one of the most important strategic axes. The objective of the present study is to highlight the evolution of the Blahniţa River and the adjacent hydrographic network (in relation to the hydrostatic level of the groundwater aquifer) in the context of current modeling (natural and anthropogenic) of the entire river basin. The results are a step forward towards understanding the degree of anthropogenic transformation of a hydrographic network. The digital data obtained from the analysis of the cartographic documents contributed to the identification of hydrographic network along the considered period (1978-2020) with the presentation on four stages of the evolution under the anthropogenic interventions such as: construction of the irrigation system, drainage of the ponds, regularization and earth dams along the Blahnița River and channalization of the Blahniţa course. The geomorphological analysis of the relief conditions was based on the study of the hypsometry variation at the level of the entire hydrographic basin, especially along the watercourse. In this sense, the results highlight the importance of slope for surface flowing: the slope of the Blahniţa river basin presents values of 4 to 2o/oo to the confluence with Orevița and values from 1.8 to 0.06o/oo to the exit from the plain to the Danube Floodplain. The importance of this research consists in rising a red flag on former wetlands that have been dried up, which are currently undervalued and which may be true ecosystems for sustaining habitats in the future.
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Bisantino, Tiziana, Vincenzo Pizzo, Maurizio Polemio, and Francesco Gentile. "Analysis of the flooding event of October 22-23, 2005 in a small basin in the province of Bari (Southern Italy)." Journal of Agricultural Engineering 47, no. 4 (2016): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/jae.2016.531.
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In the province of Bari the hydrographic network consists of ephemeral streams called lame. In these watercourses the absence of runoff for long periods contributed to unfounded beliefs concerning the hydraulic safety of the landscape and therefore uncontrolled changes in streambeds and floodplains. In these streams high water discharges can occur during heavy rainfalls, as demonstrated by the floods that hit the city of Bari in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. The flooding event of October 22-23, 2005 can be considered catastrophic as it resulted in six deaths, numerous injuries and substantial damage sustained by road and railway infrastructures at the intersection with the hydrographic network. This study aims to analyse the severity of the event in terms of the response of the landscape with reference to the case of the lama Scappagrano basin, where a Eurostar train derailed due to the collapse of the railway embankment. Coupled hydrological and two-dimensional hydraulic modelling was performed to reconstruct the flood hydrograph and water depths on the upstream side of the embankment. The results were used to set the boundary conditions to analyse the internal stability of the embankment using a finite element method.
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Porcuţan, Adriana Mihaela. "Particularities of Air Temperature’s Seasonal Trends in Suceava Hydrographic Basin." Risks and Catastrophes Journal 16, no. 2 (2017): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/rcj2017_21.
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van Aken, H. M. "Hydrographic Variability in the Bottom Layer of the Iceland Basin." Journal of Physical Oceanography 25, no. 7 (1995): 1716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0485(1995)025<1716:hvitbl>2.0.co;2.
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Nunes, M. F., J. A. S. Figueiredo, and A. L. C. Rocha. "Sinos River Hydrographic Basin: urban occupation, industrialization and environmental memory." Brazilian Journal of Biology 75, no. 4 suppl 2 (2015): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.01013suppl.
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This article presents an analysis of the process of industrialization and urbanization of the Sinos Valley in Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil, starting from the establishment of leather goods and footwear manufacturing in the region during the 19th century when tanneries and factories producing footwear and/or components for footwear began to appear, and with special attention to aspects related to the environmental impact on the Sinos river hydrographic basin. The article is based on both bibliographic and documentary research and also draws on biographical narratives of workers with links to the leather goods and footwear industry obtained using ethnographic method. It was found that contemporary environmental conflicts emerge from within a memory of work and an environmental memory in which the factories, the unplanned urbanization, and the utilization of water and other natural resources form a chain of significance. Significance that precludes any form of fragmented analysis that isolates any of these aspects from the others: the economic, socio-historic, cultural, political, or the environmental.
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GOMES, E. P., F. C. L. PESSOA, L. R. SANTANA, and J. S. CRUZ. "Assessment of Water Degradation in the Hydrographic Basin Tocantins Araguaia." Anuário do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ 41, no. 3 (2018): 503–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.11137/2018_3_503_513.
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Siedler, Gerold, Jürgen Holfort, Walter Zenk, Thomas J. Müller, and Tiberiu Csernok. "Deep-Water Flow in the Mariana and Caroline Basins*." Journal of Physical Oceanography 34, no. 3 (2004): 566–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2511.1.
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Abstract Two major water masses dominate the deep layers in the Mariana and Caroline Basins: the Lower Circumpolar Water (LCPW), arriving from the Southern Ocean along the slopes north of the Marshall Islands, and the North Pacific Deep Water (NPDW) reaching the region from the northeastern Pacific Ocean. Hydrographic and moored observations and multibeam echosounding were performed in the East Mariana and the East Caroline Basins to detail watermass distributions and flow paths in the area. The LCPW enters the East Mariana Basin from the east. At about 13°N, however, in the southern part of the basin, a part of this water mass arrives in a southward western boundary flow along the Izu–Ogasawara–Mariana Ridge. Both hydrographic observations and moored current measurements lead to the conclusion that this water not only continues westward to the West Mariana Basin as suggested before, but also provides bottom water to the East Caroline Basin. The critical throughflow regions were identified by multibeam echosounding at the Yap Mariana Junction between the East and West Mariana Basins and at the Caroline Ridge between the East Mariana and East Caroline Basins. The throughflow is steady between the East and West Mariana Basins, whereas more variability is found at the Caroline Ridge. At both locations, throughflow fluctuations are correlated with watermass property variations suggesting layer-thickness changes. The total transport to the two neighboring basins is only about 1 Sverdrup (1Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1) but has considerable impact on the watermass structure in these basins. Estimates are given for the diapycnal mixing that is required to balance the inflow into the East Caroline Basin. Farther above in the water column, the high-silica tongue of NPDW extends from the east to the far southwestern corner of the East Mariana Basin, with transports being mostly southward across the basin.
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Lanés, Luis Esteban Krause, Leonardo Maltchik, and Carlos Alberto S. de Lucena. "Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae, Laetacara dorsigera (Heckel, 1840): distribution extension and first record for Uruguay River basin, and state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil." Check List 6, no. 1 (2010): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/6.1.116.
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The present study records for the first time the small cichlidae fish Laetacara dorsigera (Heckel, 1840) at Uruguay River basin and state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, previously known from Amazon, Paraná and Paraguay River basins. Although the ichthyofauna of Uruguay River basin is relatively well known, this record suggests that there are still unexplored environments, such as wetlands, where there may be species not yet reported, and found in other hydrographic systems.
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Leli, Isabel Teresinha, Rafael Sanches Martins, Altair Bennert, and Elcisley David Rodrigues de Almeida. "A BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA COMO UNIDADE DE ESTUDO GEOMORFOLÓGICO PARA O ENSINO BÁSICO DE GEOGRAFIA / THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN AS A GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY UNIT FOR THE BASIC EDUCATION OF GEOGRAPHY." Geographia Meridionalis 3, no. 3 (2018): 403. http://dx.doi.org/10.15210/gm.v3i3.12437.
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A Geomorfologia é a ciência que estuda os processos e produtos envolvidos na construção do relevo, e estes como resultado de um longo e duradouro processo de agentes formadores e escultores do relevo. No contexto do estudo Geomorfológico, para o ensino básico, a Bacia Hidrográfica surge como um elemento substancial para aplicar os conceitos, e como ocorre a transformação do relevo diante dos fenômenos associados. O objetivo deste artigo é propor a bacia hidrográfica como unidade de estudo para estimular o ensino de geomorfologia através das transformações que ocorrem neste meio. Para tanto, foram adotados dois métodos de ensino: Planejamento “Histórico-Crítico” que descreve as fases de abordagem e desenvolvimento durante o processo de ensino e outro que usa um modelo proposto por Piaget, onde os elementos e suas interações estão relacionados com a leitura e a escrita. A aplicação dessa proposta parte da concepção de que todos os elementos naturais que envolvem a transformação do ambiente dentro de uma bacia hidrográfica, devem ser apresentados e discutidos com os alunos em etapas de crescente compreensão. No final, é esperado que os alunos venham adquirir uma percepção baseada na relação entre conceitos e vivência cotidiana, podendo assim, interpretar a paisagem de uma bacia hidrográfica, como resultado de diversos elementos interligados.Abstract:Geomorphology is the science that studies the processes and products involved in the construction of relief, whose development are defined over temporal and spatial scales. As the river is considered the most powerful exogenous relief sculptor element, the hydrographic basin, by its turn, is the stage where act all the involved geomorphological variables. Face with this, the hydrographic basin is recognized by the most of geomorphologists as the fundamental relief unit for understanding relief transformation. Therefore, the understanding of the structure and functioning of a hydrographic basin is also fundamental in the Physical Geography background disciplines. This paper uses the concept of study-unit applied to the hydrographic basin as a base for the understanding the geomorphological processes and landscape changes in the teaching of Geomorphology for the basic education. Therefore, two methods of relief transformation teaching were adopted: "Historical-Critical" Planning that describes the phases of approach and development during the teaching process and another one that uses a model proposed by Piaget, where the elements and their interactions are related to reading and writing. The application of this proposal starts from the idea that all the natural elements that involve the transformation of the environment within a river basin must be presented and discussed with the students in stages of progressive understanding. As a result, it is expected that the students have acquired a perception based on a relationship between concepts and everyday life, in the way they can diagnose a river basin as a result of several interconnected elements.Keywords: Physical Geography; Teaching-learning Relation; Relief; Hydrographic Basin; Rivers
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Lima dos Santos, Leonardo, Vinícius De Oliveira Ribeiro, and Jonailce Oliveira Diodato. "MORPHOMETRY OF THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASINS INSERTED IN THE URBAN AREA OF DOURADOS – MS – BRAZIL." Raega - O Espaço Geográfico em Análise 46, no. 3 (2019): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/raega.v46i3.67039.
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The morphometric characterization of watersheds has great importance and appliance for the prediction of phenomena such as floods. The objective of this study was to delimitate and characterize morphometrically the hydrographic basins that encompass the urban area of the Municipality of Dourados / MS – Brazil, which derived from estimated physical variables obtained by applying a license-free GIS software. Based on a Digital Elevation Model (DEM), the following microcatchment characteristics were determined: area, perimeter, slope, altitude, and watercourse orders. Four morphometric parameters that express a direct or inverse relationship with the water quantity factors of a hydrographic source were calculated and analyzed, being them: compactness coefficient, shape factor, circularity index, and drainage density. By comparing the studied basin results, it was observed that Água Limpa, Água Boa, and Laranja Azeda basin streams are more susceptible to flooding, especially considering the measurement factor and drainage density.
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Teixeira, Thiara Messias de Almeida, Vládia Pinto Vidal de Oliveira, and Amom Chrystian de Oliveira Teixeira. "Fragilidade Ambiental da Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio São João de Tiba, Extremo Sul da Bahia." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 4 (2021): 1941–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.4.p1941-1956.
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The objective of this research was to produce a synthesis map of the environmental fragility of the São João de Tiba Hydrographic Basin located in the South End of Bahia. The basin was incorporated into the process of economic and private megaprojects of extensive territorial occupation such as cellulose, resulting in marked exploitation of natural resources and intense transformations in the landscape. The mapping was done in ArcGis 10 and used the SEI and CPRM geocartographic database. The integrated analysis of the basin allowed the production of products synthesizing the environmental dynamics that present different degrees of fragility of the natural and anthropized environments, which was constituted in a qualitative evaluation, produced from the environmental information. The basin has areas with environmental restrictions that present land uses incompatible with their natural characteristics, generating conditions of degradation of the landscape in the environmental systems in which they are found, what has contributed to the increase of environmental fragility.
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Padilha, Rinaldo Marques, and Célia Alves de Souza. "Dinâmica fluvial na bacia hidrográfica do rio Carapá, inserida na bacia do rio Amazonas." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 11, no. 4 (2018): 1490–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v11.4.p1490-1511.
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Degrande, Edmiler José Silva, and Glauber Verner Firmino. "ANÁLISE MORFOMÉTRICA E DO USO DA TERRA DA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO CÓRREGO DA ONÇA, PRESIDENTE PRUDENTE- SP." REVISTA GEONORTE 11, no. 38 (2020): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2020.v.11.n.38.125.145.
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This work aims to analyze the morphometric characteristics and land use in the hydrographic basin of the Onça stream, in the municipalityof Presidente Prudente-SP, as a subsidy to the environmental planning of the area in question. The study starts from the theoretical and methodological assumption exposed by Christofoletti (1980), analyzing data regarding the morphometric characteristics:linear, area and hypsometric of the basin and also its relations with land use. Base data were extracted from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission images -SRTM, which were processed in the software Arc Gis 10.3 and Google Earth, and then, the morphometric values were calculated, the land use mapping was performed using Landsat 7 and 8 satellite images. From the quantitative results obtained, the hydrographic basin of the Onça stream was classified as dendritic drainage, having a 4th order drainage hierarchy. Its classification as rectangular, of elongated shape, gives it some stability regarding the risk of floods, considering its average annual precipitation, without extreme events. The low drainage density and the medium roughness index of the relief reinforce the stability of the basin to flood peaks, however, the predominance of soils susceptible to erosion, in addition to the process of inadequate occupation of the area, demonstrate the need for drainage procedures sustainable land use and management. Inthis way, the applied methodology and the results obtained have been shown to be important as a tool for environmental planning and consequently in mitigating adverse environmental impacts.
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Boudani, Mustapha Rabie, Mohamed Mazour, Hichem Mazighi, and Omar Djoukbala. "Development of a minimalist conceptual numerical model for flood forecasting and management under GIS environment." Journal of Water and Climate Change 11, S1 (2020): 359–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wcc.2020.265.
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Abstract The floods that Algeria has experienced in recent years are among the most significant natural disasters recorded by the country. These disasters, whose amplitude and frequency have tended to become increasingly irregular in space and time, in the current context of global climate change, encourage us to improve our flood management and forecasting strategies, notably through the re-evaluation of protection structure capacities, designed on the basis of hydrological data analyzed by statistical adjustment of past rainfall hazards. The objective of this study is to develop a minimalist conceptual numerical model for flood forecasting and management under GIS environment for the north-east region of Algeria. This model was developed by analyzing hydrographic data that can be adapted to climate data collected in real time, to predict short-term flood hydrographs in all segments of the hydrographic network, based on the Sokolovsky model for construction of synthetic hydrographs, combined with the Horton architecture for basin discretization. We obtained accuracy on past rainfall hazard simulations around 65.2% for peak flow amplitudes and 88.3% for surface runoff base times. This low-cost simple model opens the way to more possibilities in flood management, and can be improved through better spatialization and calibration with more field data.
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Claudino-Sales, Vanda. "An environmental analysis of the acaraú river basin, Brazilian northeastern region." International Journal of Hydrology 4, no. 3 (2020): 117–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2020.04.00235.
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The rivers and their watersheds are fundamental elements of socioeconomic activities. In this article, we analyze the hydrographic basin of the Acaraú River, situated in the northeast of Brazil, from its geoenvironmental aspects, based on the perspective of the geosystem. In this perspective, a geoenvironmental picture of the hydrographic basin in question is presented, as well as the environmental problems that characterize it, postulating the need to carry out this type of survey to define the basin as a fundamental planning unit. The Acaraú River basin has particular characteristics, since it is located in a poor and extremely populous semi-arid region, which results in socio-environmental stress, whose main consequence is the environmental degradation of the fluvial course. The regional authorities need to be aware of the geoenvironmental elements raised in order to reverse this framework of socio-environmental degradation of water resources and to allow territorial growth based on sustainable development.
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Santos, Ronaldo Medeiros dos, Sérgio Koide, Bruno Esteves Távora, and Daiana Lira de Araujo. "Abacus to Predict Groundwater Recharge at Non-Instrumented Hydrographic Basins." Water 12, no. 11 (2020): 3090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w12113090.
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One of the first steps to implement a policy for groundwater resources management is knowing the groundwater recharge. However, the unavailability of data and resources to execute field studies increase the uncertainty associated with the estimation of groundwater recharge. To fill this gap, the present work aimed to propose a method to predict groundwater recharge at non-instrumented hydrographic basins. The approach proposed is based on using an abacus to execute the transposition and/or regionalization of results generated in an experimental basin. The methodology comprised the estimation and mapping of recharge rates in the experimental basin using three distinct approaches—numerical modelling of the saturated zone, distributed hydrological modelling of the vadose zone, and the method of fluctuation of the water table elevation—and the following generation of the abacus, with average recharge values for combinations of soil class, land use/cover and slope using geographic information systems. The results indicate that the abacus is consistent for some Ferrasol areas, that the reliability of average regionalized values depends on the complexity of the physical environment—soil class, land use/cover, and slope—and that new studies, focusing on the hydro-physical characterization of soils, might produce more reliable estimations.
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Entin, A. L., T. E. Samsonov, and I. K. Lurie. "Harmonization of digital elevation models and hydrographic network for basin delineation." Geodesy and Cartography 943, no. 1 (2019): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2019-943-1-94-101.
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The development of digital elevation models (DEM) and methods of its analysis expanded its application in various geographical researches, and for hydrological modeling in particular. In this paper we present a procedure of harmonizing DEM and hydrographic network for automated basin delineation at a small scale. It is shown that the harmonization procedure is a necessary step of hydrological modeling, the requirements to the harmonization procedure are defined, as well as minimum data set needed for reliable harmonization. This data set includes
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Moura, Rodrigo Sávio Teixeira de, and Gustavo Gonzaga Henry-Silva. "Limnological characteristics of a hydrographic basin of the Brazilian semiarid region." Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia 27, no. 1 (2015): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s2179-975x3114.
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AimThis study aimed to verify if the water characteristics of Apodi/Mossoró River basin aquatic environments are mainly determined by a longitudinal gradient or its rain regime.MethodsThrough one year quarterly sample expeditions were carried (August/2007 to May/2008), in 24 sampling stations. In each place, water samples were collected and direct parameters were measured. Concentrations of nutrients, biochemical oxygen demand and thermotolerant coliforms were determined. For ordination of the sampling stations and in order to find patterns in water quality was conducted a Principal Components Analysis.ResultsThe results showed that points inside urban agglomerates had depreciated water quality, with high concentrations of nutrients. In general, it was not possible to define a longitudinal gradient for the studied variables, probably due to anthropogenic interferences along the basin. Otherwise, the effect of rainy and dry seasons were marked, resulting in a grouping of the sampling stations during the dry months, mainly due to the raised values of nutrients and biochemical oxygen demand.ConclusionIt could be concluded that in the rainy period a homogenizer effect occurred, not being verified the zonation of the hydrographic basin aquatic environments. The anthropogenic pressures probably contributed for the absence of a longitudinal gradient, since they generate disorders which modify the aquatic environments.
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Khilchevskyi, V. K., and V. V. Greben. "MODERN HYDROGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF PONDS IN UKRAINE – REGIONAL AND BASIN ASPECTS." Hydrology, hydrochemistry and hydroecology, no. 3 (58) (2020): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2020.3.2.
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The aim of the study described in the article is to establish the total number of ponds in Ukraine and to analyze the territorial patterns of their distribution in administrative areas, as well as in river basin areas (Dnieper, Dniester, Danube, Southern Bug, Don, Vistula, Crimea rivers, rivers of the Black Sea and rivers of the Azov region), as the main hydrographic units of water management. For the study, cadastral information was used on the ponds of the regional offices of the State Agency for Water Resources of Ukraine as of 2019. It was established that out of the total number of 50793 ponds in Ukraine, many ponds are located in Vinnitsa (10.5%), Dnepropetrovsk (6.5%) and Kiev (6.3%) regions. In river basin districts – 48.5% of ponds are concentrated in the river basin. Dnieper; 19.6% – in the area of the river basin Southern Bug). According to our research, the vast majority of ponds in Ukraine are very small (up to 2 ha) and small (from 2 to 10 ha) by water surface area. In certain regions of the country, their total share is from 75.1 to 92.6% of the total number of ponds. The proportion of medium-sized ponds (with an area of 10–25 ha) varies from 6.2 to 16.2% in certain regions. Large (with an area of 25-50 ha) and very large ponds (over 50 ha) account for a total of 1.7 to 8.4% of the total number of ponds in certain regions. By the volume of accumulated water, the vast majority of ponds in Ukraine are very small (up to 10 thousand m3) and small (10 to 50 thousand m3). The total share of these two categories ranges from 41.9 – 56.1% in the southern regions to 53.1 – 73.2% – in the northern. The share of ponds average in volume (from 50 to 200 thousand m3) in individual regions ranges from 19.1 to 39.2%. From 7.3 – 11.6% in the northern regions to 12.2 – 20.2% – in the southern regions the total proportion of large (volume from 200 to 500 thousand M3) and very large (from 500 thousand m3 in 1,0 million m3) ponds. As of 01.01. 2019 in Ukraine 71.7% were owned by territorial communities, 28% were leased out. Most ponds for rent in the Transcarpathian region – 100%. In Rivne region, 55% of ponds are leased, 54% in Cherkasy, and 50% in Volyn. Least of all – in Kherson (2%) and Chernihiv (7%) regions. In order to identify the real state of ponds (both quantitative and qualitative), their recreational role, environmental impact and regulation of the hydrographic network in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase attention to comprehensive monitoring of ponds.
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Duarte, Nathalia Silva, and Mônica dos Santos Marçal. "Prospects and Challenges of Implementing the Hydrographic Region VIII Basin Plan." Boletim do Observatório Ambiental Alberto Ribeiro Lamego 4, no. 2 (2010): 95–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2177-4560.20100014.
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Iescheck, Andrea Lopes, and Patricia Andréia Paiola Scalco. "Validating the vertical quality of SRTM digital elevation model of the Mirim Lagoon hydrographic basin." Abstracts of the ICA 1 (July 15, 2019): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/ica-abs-1-136-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This work is part of a research project that aims at the automatic determination of knickpoints and the assessment of morphometric and hypsometric parameters of Mirim Lagoon Hydrographic Basin, using Shuttle Radar Topography Mission digital elevation model (SRTM-DEM) and spatial analyses.</p><p>The analysis of geomorphologic systems is done using computational treatment of data obtained by remote sensing, especially those obtained by SRTM. These data permit the elaboration of a topographic model for the Earth surface and provide a base for studies in several units of geomorphologic analyses (geomorphologic systems), such as hydrographic basins.</p><p>The most usual technique for derivation of relief morphologic attributes is based on digital elevation models (DEMs) and digital hydrographic nets. Computational routines are applied on those data for acquisition of the hydrography and drainage anomalies. The DEMs and the hydrographic nets must have either morphologic or hydrologic consistency to validate the results obtained in the morphometric analyses.</p><p>More specifically, this study aims at describing the method and related results regarding the validation of the vertical accuracy of SRTM-DEM through a kinematic positioning based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in the Mirim Lagoon Hydrographic Basin region. Mirim Lagoon Hydrographic Basin is as cross-border basin located on the Atlantic coast of South America, and covers an area of 58,407.78&amp;thinsp;km<sup>2</sup>, where 47% of this area is in Brazil and 53% in Uruguay.</p><p>Several studies deal with the validation of Digital Elevation Models (DEMs) and SRTM data using different GNSS surveying methods and receivers. The innovation of this work is the methodology developed to achieve the suitable accuracy for the control points coordinates to validate the SRTM-DEM of Mirim Lagoon Hydrographic Basin. The study used the kinematic relative positioning method with a recording rate of 1 second and without reference stations for post-processing with the precise point positioning (PPP) method. This methodology allowed covering a large area with reference stations being very far from the surveyed region and with different geodetic reference systems (two countries).</p><p>The methodology entails the GNSS data acquisition and post-processing, the transformation from geometric heights into orthometric heights, the SRTM-DEM mosaic, the extraction of homologous points in the SRTM-DEM and the statistical analyses for validating the model.</p><p>The study used a GNSS receiver of dual-frequency with recording rate of 1 second to collect a total of 275,916 points with 3D coordinates. Those points were post-processed using the PPP method with the Canadian Spatial Reference System &amp;ndash; Precise Point Positioning (CSRS-PPP), and the ellipsoidal height was converted into orthometric height through the software INTPT geoid. During this work, we used the geopotential model (EGM96) to transform height differences between two countries, Brazil and Uruguay.</p><p>In order to obtain the SRTM-DEM we used 15 SRTM images, version 3, band C, with a spatial resolution of 1 arcsecond (approximately 30&amp;thinsp;m). These images were individually processed to obtain the Digital Elevation Model Hydrologically Consistent (DEMHC) and to treat the inconsistencies. Afterwards, we created a mosaic with the 15 images.</p><p>In the statistical analysis we examined the magnitude of absolute errors in the SRTM data. These errors were named discrepancies between the SRTM heights and the heights of GNSS survey points. After the post-processing and the heights conversion, the GNSS survey points were considered accurate and used as a reference for SRTM-DEM validation. The goal of the statistical analysis was to verify if the absolute vertical precision of the DEM data exceeds 16&amp;thinsp;m, according to the precision specifications of the DEM SRTM.</p><p>Results showed that the vertical mean absolute error of the SRTM-DEM vary from 0.07&amp;thinsp;m to &amp;plusmn;&amp;thinsp;9.9&amp;thinsp;m with average of &amp;minus;0.28&amp;thinsp;m. This vertical accuracy is better than the absolute vertical accuracy value of &amp;plusmn;&amp;thinsp;16&amp;thinsp;m published in the SRTM data specification and validates the SRTM-DEM. Besides that, even considering different slopes and different heights the statistics showed that SRTM-DEM could be validated, in spite of the results for lower and flat area were more accurate than the ones for a higher area with high slope.</p>
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Diani, Khadija, Ilias Kacimi, Hicham ElBelrhiti, Mahmoud Zemzami, Hassan Tabyaoui, and Lhoussaine Masmoudi. "Remote sensing and sig contribution for the identification of the fracturation influence on the drainage network architecture in the High Ziz River basin, Central High Atlas, Morocco." Limnological Review 19, no. 4 (2019): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/limre-2019-0013.
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AbstractThis study aims to contribute to a better estimation of the density of fractures likely to favour the drainage of surface water in the High Ziz River (HZR) basin. The method adopted consists of the use of different airborne image processing techniques (filtering, enhancement and slope analysis) which allow a good discrimination of image discontinuities (lineaments) that can then be used for producing lineament maps. The influence of these lineaments on the underground flow is then studied. Indeed, it was possible to extract the lineament network, following the exploitation of remote sensing and an objectively completed analog analysis using the PCI Geomatica LINE module and its directional filters (Sobel directional filters by the ACP method), and to extract the hydrographic network of the HZR basin, using the ArcHydro tool. After superimposing these data, their thematic maps (of the lineament and hydrographic network) were developed. In addition, this comparison of the two hydrographic networks and lineament maps showed us very varied flow directions influenced by geological structures, particularly fracturing. The topography of the region also has a secondary impact on flows through the presence of slopes generally oriented towards the SE of the basin. The correlation of the results with the different directions of the orders of the hydrographic network allowed us to identify the potential effects of lineaments on the orientations of surface water circulation. In addition to these results, the realization of the Rose diagram indicated that the dominant trend in lineaments is N90–45N° (NE–SW).
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De Lasme, Omer Zephir. "Adaptation of market gardening in a context of climate variability: the case of marketing gardening at administrative area of Korhogo (Northen Cote-d’Ivoire)." International Journal of Hydrology 4, no. 4 (2020): 136–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2020.04.00237.
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The rivers and their watersheds are fundamental elements of socioeconomic activities. In this article, we analyze the hydrographic basin of the Acaraú River, situated in the northeast of Brazil, from its geoenvironmental aspects, based on the perspective of the geosystem. In this perspective, a geoenvironmental picture of the hydrographic basin in question is presented, as well as the environmental problems that characterize it, postulating the need to carry out this type of survey to define the basin as a fundamental planning unit. The Acaraú River basin has particular characteristics, since it is located in a poor and extremely populous semi-arid region, which results in socio-environmental stress, whose main consequence is the environmental degradation of the fluvial course. The regional authorities need to be aware of the geoenvironmental elements raised in order to reverse this framework of socio-environmental degradation of water resources and to allow territorial growth based on sustainable development.
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Barreto, Guilherme Sardenberg. "Environmental mapping of Imboacica Lagoon hydrographic basin as a tool to the construction of basin plans." Boletim do Observatório Ambiental Alberto Ribeiro Lamego 3, no. 2 (2009): 125–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5935/2177-4560.20090017.
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Rodrigues, Bruno Magro, Lucas Prado Osco, Patricia Alexandra Antunes, and Ana Paula Marques Ramos. "Avaliação da influência do uso e cobertura da terra na qualidade das águas superficiais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirapozinho (SP) (Evaluation of the effects of land use and occupation on superficial water quality of the hydrographic basin of the Pirapozinho river (SP))." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 12, no. 3 (2019): 738. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v12.3.p738-753.
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A ocupação extensiva e, por vezes, indevida do solo pode resultar em uma série de problemas ambientais que aceleram a degradação de uma bacia hidrográfica, com consequências diretas na qualidade dos seus recursos hídricos. Esse trabalho avalia o impacto do uso e cobertura da terra em parâmetros quantitativos e de qualidade das águas superficiais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Pirapozinho. A produção cartográfica consistiu de mapa de uso e cobertura da terra, declividade, rede de drenagem, mapa de área de preservação permanente e mapa de Índice de Qualidade da Água (IQA). Tanto a coleta quanto as análises das águas superficiais da bacia foram desenvolvidas seguindo os procedimentos do Standard Methods. Os resultados das análises foram comparados com os valores de referência CONAMA, n° 357/05, alterada pela Resolução 410/2009 e pela 430/2011, sendo os padrões estabelecidos para rios de classe 2, mesma classe que se enquadra os corpos hídricos inseridos na bacia em estudo. Conclui-se que há um desequilíbrio ambiental na bacia do rio Pirapozinho. O mapa de uso e cobertura aponta que aproximadamente 90% da área da bacia encontra-se ocupada por pastagem e culturas. Outro aspecto é que mais de 84% da área de preservação permanente encontra-se desprovida de vegetação arbórea. Embora o mapa do IQA revele que a água da bacia possa ser classificada como boa (IQA entre 52 e 79) predominantemente, as análises laboratoriais apontam que há pontos na área com contaminação. Isto pode ser atribuído a atividades industriais e agropastoris desenvolvidas na bacia em estudo. Recomenda-se ações de manejo sustentável na bacia do rio Pirapozinho para a recuperação dos seus recursos naturais. A B S T R A C TExtensive and unduly occupation of soil may result in several environmental problems those contribute to accelerate the degradation of a hydrographic basin bringing diretly consequences to quality of its water resources. This paper evaluates the impact of land use and occupation on quantitative parameters and of superficial waters quality of the hydrographic basin of the Pirapozinho river. The cartographic products designed consisted of land use and occupation map, declivitity map, drainage network map, permanent preservation area map and map of Water Quality Index (WQI) of hydrographic basin. Both collection and analysis of the superficial waters samples were developed following the Standard Method procedure. The results of the laboratorial analyses were compared with the reference values at CONAMA 357/05 and 430/11 resolutions. We conclude that there is an environmental disequilibrium at the hydrographic basin of the Pirapozinho river. The land use and occupation map shows that approximately 90% of the area of the basin is occupied by pasture and crop fields. Other finding is that there is no arboreal vegetation in 84% of the permanent preservation area of the hydrographic basin. Although the WQI map revels that water of the basin can be classified as good (WQI among 52 and 79) predominately, the laboratorial analyses point out taht there is some points in area with contamination of water. This may be related to the industrial and agricultural activities performed in the area. We recommend sustainable management actions in the Pirapozinho river basin to recovery of its natural resources.Keywords: Cartographic production; water quality; environmental analysis; hydrographic basin.
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Ramos, Telton Pedro Anselmo, Yuri Gomes Ponce de Carvalho-Rocha, Leonardo Oliveira-Silva, Sílvia Yasmin Lustosa-Costa, and Paula Honório Pires Ferreira. "Continental fishes from the Tambaba Environmentally Protected Area, Paraíba State, Brazil." Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 59 (October 17, 2019): e20195950. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/1807-0205/2019.59.50.
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Tambaba environmentally protected area is situated on the south coast of Paraíba State, within the Atlantic forest biome of the northeastern region in Brazil. The Tambaba environmentally protected area consists of a series of independent drainages: Graú, Mucatú, and Bucatú river micro-basins, and Caboclo River sub-basin that belongs to Gurugi River micro-basin. Ichthyological samples were collected in five scientific expeditions between months of June and July in 2015. Twenty-nine sites from different habitats (e.g., spanning tributaries, streams, rivers, and estuaries) were accessed for sampling. A total of 44 species distributed within 38 genera, 25 families, and 17 orders were assigned to the Tambaba hydrographic region. Freshwater species comprised 36% (n = 16) and marine-estuarine species 64% (n = 28) of the total collected specimens. Two invasive species occur in the freshwater sites: Cichla monoculus and Poecilia reticulata. Cheirodon jaguaribensis, Cichlasoma orientale, and Crenicichla brasiliensis are endemic to the Brazilian Northeast region with the first species restricted to the Northeast Caatinga and Coastal drainages hydrographic ecoregion.
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Peng, Junwen, Qilong Fu, Toti E. Larson, and Xavier Janson. "Trace-elemental and petrographic constraints on the severity of hydrographic restriction in the silled Midland Basin during the late Paleozoic ice age." GSA Bulletin 133, no. 1-2 (2020): 57–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35336.1.
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Abstract Enrichment of redox-sensitive trace elements in ancient marine shales is conventionally believed to be controlled by marine benthic redox conditions, whereas the influence of hydrographic conditions on trace element enrichment pattern has been rarely considered. Here, we present newly obtained data sets from the Upper Pennsylvanian organic-rich Cline Shale in the Midland Basin, Texas, to illustrate the influence of hydrographic circulation on the trace-element enrichment pattern and the stratigraphic record of mudrocks. Various lithofacies, including siliceous mudrocks, argillaceous mudrocks, skeletal-bearing argillaceous mudrocks, calcareous mudrocks, and wackestone, are identified in the Cline Shale. Significant changes in the trace-element enrichment pattern, mineral composition, texture of framboidal pyrite, and other bulk geochemical parameters in different lithofacies are interpreted to have been caused by high-amplitude and high-frequency glacio-eustatic sea-level oscillations in the silled Midland Basin during the late Paleozoic ice age. Specifically, glacio-eustatic sea-level falls generally resulted in the severe isolation of the Midland Basin from the Panthalassic Ocean, highly restricted hydrographic circulation, long deep-water renewal time, euxinic bottom-water conditions, depleted seawater Mo (molybdenum) in the silled basin, and low sediment Mo/TOC (total organic carbon), coupled with significant extrabasinal detrital quartz input, forming siliceous mudrocks. Enhanced phosphorus cycling and excellent preservation conditions are considered to be responsible for the high TOC observed in siliceous mudrocks. In contrast, glacio-eustatic sea-level rises substantially enhanced water exchange between the basin and the Panthalassic Ocean, created overall suboxic to anoxic bottom-water conditions, resupplied seawater Mo, elevated sediment Mo/TOC, and increased platform carbonate production in the basin, forming calcareous mudrocks and wackestone.
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Dai, Chang Lei, Cheng Gang Yu, Lan Lin, Di Fang Xiao, and Hui Yu Li. "Analysis of Characteristics of Hydrology and Water Resources of the Heilong (Amur) River Basin." Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (July 2012): 2525–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2525.
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As the most remote river in the North of China, Heilong (Amur) River have an abundant precipitation in the basin and a rich runoff. Due to the special transnational spanned geographic location, Heilong (Amur) basin 's borders, water rights, regional water resources development are a big concern. Due to lack of multinational management and information, analysis of characteristic of Heilong (Amur) watershed's hydrology and water resources are not enough. In order to serve the water resources development and water security, and to better understand the state of hydrology and water resources in Heilong River, this article make a reference to the Heilong River Hydrographic and the research of hydrologic data about Heilong River, detailed analyzed the characteristics of hydrology and water resources. For reference to scientists of geography, water conservancy and hydropower who are interested in Heilong River's hydrographic.
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Jesuz, Cleberson Ribeiro de, and Ingrid Regina da Silva Santos. "GEODIVERSIDADE NA BACIA HIDROGRÁFICA DO RIO TENENTE AMARAL – MT." REVISTA GEONORTE 11, no. 37 (2020): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21170/geonorte.2020.v.11.n.37.115.131.
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