Academic literature on the topic 'Basis of legal liability of a judge'

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Journal articles on the topic "Basis of legal liability of a judge"

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Skoromnyy, Yaroslav. "Normative and Procedural Grounds for Legal Liability of a Judge." Path of Science 6, no. 12 (2020): 1001–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.65-1.

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The article defines the basic principles of formation of normative and procedural grounds of legal responsibility of a judge. It has been found out that bringing a judge to a legal obligation by the regular basis indicates the necessity to enshrine the relevant list of offences in law. It has been determined that getting a judge to legal responsibility on regulatory grounds means committing an illegal action (from an objective point of view), primarily enshrined in the appropriate level of regulatory prohibitions. It has been established that the main essence of the factual basis for bringing
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Mihai, Gabriel. "Considerations regarding legal liability in the matter of insolvency." Ars Aequi 12 (April 13, 2023): 20–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/10.1234/arsaequi.12.1.201.

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The insolvency procedure involves a special legal liability characterized by a combination of the general conditions of tortious civil liability and the special conditions provided by the Insolvency Law. Attracting legal liability is the expression of the principle of liability for the debts of the legal entity debtor, to which the members of the management, administration and supervision bodies of the legal entity are responsible, as well as any other persons who caused the insolvency of the debtor with regard to the facts expressly provided for and limited by law The exact determination of t
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Sebayang, Dona Martinus, Mahmud Mulyadi, and Syarifah Lisa Andriati. "Putusan Bebas Pengadilan Negeri Gunung Sitoli Nomor: 119/PID.B/2019/PN.GST Tanggal 11 Mei 2022 terhadap Terdakwa Yang Melanggar Pasal 374 KUHP." AL-SULTHANIYAH 14, no. 2 (2025): 276–89. https://doi.org/10.37567/al-sulthaniyah.v14i2.3555.

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The problem in this study is how criminal responsibility and proof for embezzlement in employment relations in Decision Number 119 / Pid.B / 2019 / PN Gst, what is the role and function of Judges in the law. The results showed: The criminal liability of perpetrators of embezzlement in employment relations in Decision Number 119/Pid.B/2019/PN Gst, if you look at Article 374 of the Criminal Code as demanded by the Public Prosecutor is a threat through a maximum sentence of 5 years. The role of the Judge in law through his decision is based on Article 1 paragraph (8) of the Code of Criminal Proce
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Glazunova, I. V., and A. V. Nikitina. "Early termination of a judge's powers as a measure of legal responsibility: problems of legal regulation and law enforcement." Law Enforcement Review 7, no. 4 (2024): 126–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.52468/2542-1514.2023.7(4).126-135.

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The subject of the study is the theoretical, legislative and practical application problems of the early termination of a judge as a measure of legal responsibility. According to the authors' opinion there are several problems: the lack of scientific and legislative unity on the issue of the sectoral nature of this measure; the unsystematic, uncoordinated nature of legislation and law enforcement practice; the apparent discrepancy of the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Status of Judges in the Russian Federation” (hereinafter - the Status of Judges) which regulates the grounds and procedu
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Annurdi, Budi Santoso, Hanif Nur Widhiyanti, and Reka Dewantara. "Implementation of Parent Company's Liability for Bankruptcy Experienced by Subsidiary: Case in Indonesia." Journal of Finance and Financial Law 4, no. 44 (2024): 23–48. https://doi.org/10.18778/2391-6478.4.44.02.

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The purpose of the article. The article aims to reveal the existence of vacuum of norms regarding a group company in Indonesia, especially regarding the parent company's responsibility for bankruptcy experienced by its subsidiary. Methodology. This research is normative juridical research. It uses several approaches to obtain information from various aspects regarding the legal issues being studied, namely the statute approach and case approach. Results of the research. This legal vacuum causes differences of opinions among judges in assessing the relationship between a parent company and its
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Rytova, V. O., and A. V. Khomenko. "LEGAL BASIS OF LEGAL LIABILITY OF JUDGES IN THE POST-SOVIET COUNTRIES." Juridical scientific and electronic journal, no. 10 (2021): 616–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2524-0374/2021-10/160.

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Fahrunnisa, Hilda. "Pembatalan Akta Jual Beli Saham Yang Dibuat Secara Notariil Melalui Penetapan Pengadilan Negeri." Jurnal Officium Notarium 2, no. 3 (2022): 457–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20885/jon.vol2.iss3.art8.

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The company as a legal entity that has stock instruments as a form of capital from a limited liability company. These shares can be traded by making a notarial deed. In the decision of the Surabaya District Court Number 1397/Pdt.P/2020/PN.Sby the judge determined the cancellation of the deed of sale and purchase of shares made between the applicants. This raises questions which are formulated into the formulation of the problem, namely first, What are the risks for a notary to a deed drawn up before him which has been annulled by a district court? Second, what is the basis for the judge's lega
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Sopilko, Iryna, Diana Timush, Anastasiia Vynohradova, Yevhenii Zubko, and Vitalii Gordieiev. "Guarantees of an independent tribunal in administrative proceedings in the context of the implementation of the human right to a fair trial." Cuestiones Políticas 40, no. 74 (2022): 456–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46398/cuestpol.4074.25.

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The purpose of the article was to identify problem areas to ensure an independent court in administrative proceedings in the context of the implementation of the human right to a fair trial. The research was conducted using general scientific (induction, analysis, synthesis) and special legal (formal-logical, dogmatic, comparative-legal) methods. The authors have determined relevant areas of court staffing, such as: providing judicial power; providing administrative positions for the court and judicial staffing. It is stated that the improvement of legislation in the judicial sphere must be ca
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Saputra, Arfinando, M. Ruhly Kesuma Dinata, and Irhammudin Irhammudin. "CRIMINAL LIABILITY AGAINST THE CRIMINAL ACTION OF MOTOR VEHICLE THEft (STUDY OF DECISION NO. 239/PID.B/2021/PN.KBU)." Constitutional Law Society 3, no. 1 (2024): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36448/cls.v3i1.30.

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Criminal liability regarding the Crime of Motor Vehicle Theft that this crime was committed by 2 people in which the defendant's actions were regulated and also threatened in Article 365 paragraph (2) of the 2nd Criminal Code. However, in this case there are still many people who commit the crime of motor vehicle theft in various ways even though the government has issued such regulations or legislation. As will be examined in this article, namely how is the criminal responsibility of the perpetrators against the perpetrators of the crime of motor vehicle theft in Decision No. 239/Pid.B/2021/P
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Timush, Diana. "THE ESSENCE OF INSTITUTIONAL ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL GUARANTEES FOR A JUDGE IMMUNITY." Journal of International Legal Communication 3 (December 23, 2021): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.32612/uw.27201643.2021.3.pp.71-81.

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The article is devoted to the definition of the essence of institutional administrative and legal guarantees for a judge immunity, on this basis the definition of promising areas in current administrative and legal legislation development. There is used an approach that administrative and legal guarantees are a specific concept of legal means, methods and conditions which, being applied, allow to ensure a certain state of public relations. Being in their “potential” state also has a protective effect, which can be described as preventive. In the course of the research, institutional administra
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Basis of legal liability of a judge"

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Верба, Н. О. "Адміністративно-правовий статус місцевих загальних судів як суб’єктів захисту прав та законних інтересів громадян України". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81974.

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Однією з найактуальніших проблем побудови демократичної держави на основі верховенства права в Україні сьогодні є створення та гарантування ефективного функціонування незалежної системи судових органів, головним завданням яких є захист прав і свобод фізичних осіб. Виконання судом завдань, пов’язаних із захистом прав, свобод та інтересів фізичних осіб, прав та інтересів юридичних осіб, інтересів суспільства та держави, потребує відповідного юридичного та організаційного забезпечення їх діяльності.<br>One of the most pressing problems of building a democratic state based on the rule of law in Uk
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Khalfan, Ashfaq. "State obligations beyond borders relating to economic, social and cultural rights : legal basis, extent and implications for development cooperation." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.669753.

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Янішевська, Катерина Дмитрівна, Екатерина Дмитриевна Янишевская та Kateryna Dmytrivna Yanishevska. "Правовий статус податкового агента як суб’єкта фінансового права". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64935.

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Дисертаційна робота присвячена визначенню сутності та особливостей правового статусу податкового агента як суб’єкта фінансового права України, а також напрямків його удосконалення. Особлива увага приділена історико-правовому аналізу розвитку та становлення інституту податкового агента в Україні й відповідно визначенню місця податкового агента серед суб’єктів фінансового права на сьогодні. З’ясовуються принципи діяльності податкового агента, визначаються сутність, структура, особливості фінансово-правового статусу податкового агента України. Основний акцент зроблено на проблемі розмежування пра
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Ikherbouchen, Vincent. "La responsabilité civile des professionnels du droit : comparaison de l'obligation de conseil de l'avocat et du notaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB215.

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La montée en puissance de l'obligation de conseil n'a pas épargné, dans son sillage, l'avocat et le notaire. Or, avec près de 65000 avocats et 11000 notaires en exercice sur le sol français, recensés en 2017, ils représentent les métiers du droit les plus exercés mais aussi les plus exposés au risque de voir leur responsabilité civile engagée en raison du manquement à leur obligation de conseil. Pourtant, les contours de cette obligation, dessinés par la jurisprudence, sont souvent diffus et imprécis. L'objectif de la thèse consiste donc à démontrer que l'obligation de conseil dispose d'un rég
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Anspach, Philip. "The basis of contractual liability in indigenous law." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1765.

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This study examines the basis of contractual liability in indigenous law. It concludes that contractual liability arises only from real contracts where one party has performed fully or partially in terms of an agreement. Attention is given to both the nature and concept of indigenous contracts to ascertain the function of contracts in indigenous societies in order to bring a holistic perspective to the topic. It is demonstrated that the settlement of disputes arising out of indigenous contracts is primarily focused on the reconciliation of people and the consequent maintenance of harmony w
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Steyn, Lienne. "A critical appraisal of the decision in Sonap v Pappadogianis 1992 (3) SA 234 (A), with reference to the basis of contractual liability in South African law and various other legal systems." Diss., 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16118.

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In Sonap Petroleum (formerly known as Sonarep) (SA) (Pty) Ltd v Pappadog1an1s 1992 (3) SA 234 (A) the Appellate Division apparently approved the direct application of the reliance theory, without reference to prejudice or fault, to determine contractual liability in the absence of consensus. The various approaches to contractual liability in South African law are examined, and a comparative study of English law and the law of the Netherlands is conducted. It is submitted that the element of fault is not crucial to the enquiry, but rather, the elements of conduct , inducement and a reas
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Books on the topic "Basis of legal liability of a judge"

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Kilina, Irina. Alternative ways to resolve criminal law conflicts. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1989218.

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The monograph examines the issues of development and differentiation of the criminal procedure form. The author solves a number of general and specific issues of alternative resolution of criminal conflicts. The issues of prerequisites and the legal nature of alternative resolution of criminal conflicts are considered; about the essential features, prerequisites, advantages and disadvantages, limits of application and legal guarantees for the completion of procedural activities without clarifying the key issue of criminal law - the question of the guilt of the accused in committing a crime. Th
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9780192695086 and Tomas Hamilton. The Arms Trade and International Criminal Law. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192868671.001.0001.

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Abstract The Arms Trade and International Criminal Law offers a rigorous analysis of how the global arms trade intersects with accountability in the era of the International Criminal Court (ICC). The book argues that individuals—including corporate executives, state officials, and arms traffickers—can be held directly accountable under international law for supplying weapons. By examining the complexities of the arms trade and the doctrines of accomplice liability, the book explores how international justice mechanisms have become narrowly focused on the prosecution of military and political l
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F A, Mann. 9 The Foreign Act of State. Oxford University Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198255642.003.0009.

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Public policy dominates one of the most difficult and most perplexing topics which, in the field of foreign affairs, may face the municipal judge in England: the doctrine of the foreign act of State displays in every respect such uncertainty and confusion and rests on so slippery a basis that its application becomes a matter of speculation. It is, therefore, necessary to discuss the history and development of the doctrine in England and the United States; its present meaning and effect in England; its scope; its legal character and justification. It is shown that the implications of the doctri
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Piel, Jennifer L., and Phillip J. Resnick. Malpractice. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199387106.003.0008.

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A lawsuit for professional malpractice is an occupational hazard feared by many psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and counselors in the mental health field. Most actions against mental health clinicians are based on the concept of negligence. Medical negligence occurs when health care professionals fail to adhere to the standard of professional care, resulting in harm to a patient. Mental health professionals may also face legal action for certain intentional actions that cause injury to a patient. This chapter reviews the core legal concepts underlying malpractice claims against m
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Talbert, Matthew, and Jessica Wolfendale. Punishing and Preventing War Crimes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190675875.003.0008.

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Chapter 7 turns to the question of the punishment and prevention of war crimes. While the bases of legal liability for participation in war crimes are complex, our account of responsibility has important implications for a particularly controversial defense against a charge of war crimes: the superior orders defense. We consider a number of different arguments for the view that combatants who commit war crimes under orders are partially excused for their actions, and argue that the only defensible conception of the superior orders defense is one in which a combatant acting under orders can ple
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Schouten, Ronald, ed. Mental Health Practice and the Law. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199387106.001.0001.

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Mental health professionals, more than any other clinicians, encounter legal issues on a regular basis. Mental Health Practice and the Law is written for anyone in the field, at any stage in their training or practice, who has ever found themselves scratching their head in confusion or dreading that they will expose themselves to liability as they navigate the complexities at the interface of law and mental health. Written by established experts and the rising stars of the next generation, the sixteen chapters in this book offer readers a basic understanding of legal principles encountered in
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Czybulka, Detlef, and Wolfgang Köck, eds. Forstwirtschaft und Biodiversitätsschutz im Wald. Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5771/9783748921165.

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The book documents the conference "The Biodiversity of the Forest and its Legal Safeguarding" held in 2021 by the DNRT and the UFZ Leipzig. The contribution "Forest, hunting, nature conservation and law" has been newly included. Climate protection aspects are dealt with in view of the biodiversity crisis, which - unlike the climate crisis - is to be managed primarily on the spot (in situ) and by domestic law. As in the volume "Agriculture and Nature Conservation Law," the contributions provide a well-founded overview of forest ecology as well as of the legal basis of forestry management. The l
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Hutson, Lorna, ed. The Oxford Handbook of English Law and Literature, 1500-1700. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199660889.001.0001.

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This Handbook triangulates the disciplines of history, legal history, and literature to produce a new, interdisciplinary framework for the study of early modern England. For historians of early modern England, turning to legal archives and learning more about legal procedure has seemed increasingly relevant to the project of understanding familial and social relations as well as political institutions, state formation, and economic change. Literary scholars and intellectual historians have also shown how classical forensic rhetoric formed the basis both of the humanist teaching of literary com
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Chunyan, Ding. Contract Formation under Chinese Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808114.003.0002.

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This chapter discusses the law on contract formation in Chinese law which largely follows the UN Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and the UNIDROIT Principles of International Commercial Contracts. An objective approach is adopted in determining the parties’ intentions but exceptions are allowed where parties have not accurately expressed their true agreement, the contract is a sham, or one party’s intentional false expression is known to the other. For a contract to be binding, its ‘essential elements’ must be agreed (names of the parties, subject matter, and quantit
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Book chapters on the topic "Basis of legal liability of a judge"

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Barrier, G. "Legal Basis of Medical Liability after Anaesthetic Mishaps in France." In Legal Aspects of Anaesthesia. Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1011-9_2.

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Pashuk, Taras. "Disciplinary Liability of a Judge for a Legal Error: A Threat to Judicial Independence?" In Judicial Power in a Globalized World. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20744-1_23.

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Joggerst, Laura, and Janine Wendt. "Identifying and Mastering Legal Uncertainty Concerning Autonomous Systems." In Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77256-7_13.

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Abstract The level of uncertainty concerning the use of autonomous systems is still very high. This also poses a liability risk for manufactures, which can impede the pace of innovation. Legal uncertainty also contributes to this factor. This paper will discuss existing legal uncertainty. The identified uncertainty can stem from different sources. Categorizing these sources will be our first step when trying to master legal uncertainty. On the basis of these categories, we will be able to evaluate where the focus for mastering legal uncertainty should lie. This approach promises to identify tr
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Сеник, Світлана Василівна. "Глава 15. Судові акти в цивільному судочинстві України". У Серія «Процесуальні науки». Видавництво "Алерта", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59835/978-617-566-770-5-3-15.

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In this Section, the key issues of legal regulation, doctrinal studies and materials of judicial practice regarding the institution of judicial acts in civil proceedings were researched and analyzed. Attention is focused on the presence of terminological inconsistencies regarding the understanding of the relationships between the concepts of “judgments”, “court decisions”, “court rulings”. The study and generalization of this problem allowed the author to consider the generalizing term “judicial act” the most acceptable of all the proposed options.On the basis of the international legal standa
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Сенюта, Ірина Ярославівна. "Глава 12. Розгляд медичних справ у порядку цивільного судочинства: наукові підвалини та практичні інструменти". У Серія «Процесуальні науки». Видавництво "Алерта", 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59835/978-617-566-770-5-3-12.

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In civil proceedings medical cases are considered, that is cases in the field of medical care, the peculiarities of proceedings in this category of cases are determined and general disputes arising from civil cases in practice are determined. Regulatory gaps have been clarified, proposals for improving the legislation of Ukraine have been developed and also practical algorithms that can be useful for ensuring human rights in the field of health care are highlighted.After conducting a study of the outlined issues, a number of conclu­ sions have been formed that may be useful for law enforcement
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Zhang, Chenyang. "Trial." In Win in Chinese Courts. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3342-6_5.

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AbstractThe pretrial preparation and trial will commence after appropriate service of the court documents on all parties. Ordinary procedure, summary procedure and special procedure are three concepts of parallel standing in the CPL. Except for cases under the summary procedure and the special procedure, all the other cases are tried under the ordinary procedure, which is the basis of all procedures and covers all necessary steps stipulated by the CPL. Our introduction will firstly be based on the ordinary procedure as well. (1) After serving court documents on all parties, the court needs to
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Barrie MA, Peter. "Grounds For Liability." In Personal Injury Law: Liability, Compensation, Procedure. Oxford University PressOxford, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199275717.003.0002.

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Abstract This chapter considers the grounds on which liability may be established in a civil claim for damages. In legal jargon the grounds are known as the causes of action. The chapter is necessary because the law does not simply allow a claim to succeed when the judge thinks that it would be fair to allow it. Instead, a claimant must show that the circumstances of his claim fit in with established categories where claims have been allowed in the past, or which fit in with circumstances established by Parliament.
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de Monteverde-Robb, David. "Legal Basis for Prescribing." In A Medic's Guide to Essential Legal Matters. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749851.003.0013.

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Drug prescribing is a multifaceted and technically complex process requiring careful judgement of the competing risks of harm and benefits of treatment. Good prescribing requires knowledge of your patient’s illness, comorbidities, and concurrent treatments. When prescribing, a doctor must be aware of a drug’s potential for toxicity, its metabolic or excretory pathway, its interactions, its cautions and contraindications, and its legal status. Since the enactment of the UK Human Medicines Regulations 2012, prescribing of medicines may be undertaken by any suitably qualified doctor, dentist, and
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Matteo, Gargantini. "Part III Prospectus Liability and Litigation, 19 Prospectus Liability: Competent Courts of Jurisdiction and Applicable Law." In Prospectus Regulation and Prospectus Liability. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198846529.003.0019.

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This chapter addresses the European legal framework for cross-border disputes arising from alleged violations of prospectus rules. It deals with the identification of both jurisdiction and applicable law in cases where litigation involves transnational elements, so that a conflict may occur about who is the judge having jurisdiction and what law is this judge bound to apply. Crucial in both respects are, in the first place, the connecting factors to which EU law refers to and, in the second place, the rules concerning issuers' and investors' ability to deviate from such rules. The chapter asse
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Micheler, Eva. "Limited Liability." In Company Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198858874.003.0004.

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This chapter analyses rules that remove limited liability for shareholders and directors as well as for companies. While separate legal personality is immovably robust, limited liability is a more nuanced concept. It is worth stressing from the outset that the Companies Act permits veil piercing, if at all, then only in extremely rare cases. These are now referred to as evasion cases. But the courts have used the common law and legislation to identify instances in which shareholders or directors as well as the companies they control share liability. Abuses of the corporate form are addressed t
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Conference papers on the topic "Basis of legal liability of a judge"

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Savvulidi, R. D. "The legal basis for the status of a judge in the Russian Federation." In НАУКА РОССИИ: ЦЕЛИ И ЗАДАЧИ. НИЦ «Л-Журнал», 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/sr-10-08-2018-13.

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Bordian, Mariana. "Particulars of the civil legal liability of the local elected." In Conferința științifică națională cu participare internațională "Integrare prin cercetare și inovare", dedicată Zilei Internaționale a Științei pentru Pace și Dezvoltare. Moldova State University, 2025. https://doi.org/10.59295/spd2024s.45.

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In this study, we aim to elucidate the particularities of the civil liability of the local elected, on the basis that if the state delegated to it certain major, essential and fundamental competences, it is necessary to determine the specific characteristics of the civil liability of the local elected. in relation to citizens’ consultation and the resolution of local issues of particular interest, the conditions for civil legal liability in case of non-compliance or violation of legal provisions were also to be clearly established. We have used quantitative and qualitative methods to analyze t
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Pavićević, Aleksandra. "Lekarska greška i profesionalna krivica zdravstvenih radnika." In XVI Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upk20.663p.

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The paper discusses the concept and purposefulness of medical error in positive Serbian law (the Law on Health Care), then in comparative law, in order to formulate a proposal for the most adequate definition of this legal term de lege ferenda. The subject of the analysis is the different views of the doctrine and judicial practise on the reach of medical professional error, as well as its positioning in the structure of elements of civil liability for damages, especially in relation to professional fault. The author estimates that the liability of a physician for a medical error, although som
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Manić, Samir. "DELIKTNA ODGOVORNOST ZA ŠTETU OD PROIZVODA S NEDOSTATKOM PREMA NEMAČKOM GRAĐANSKOM ZAKONIKU (BGB)." In XVIII Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xviiimajsko.835m.

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In German law, liability for damage due to product defects relies on three concepts: traditional contractual liability, traditional tort liability, and objective liability for damage. The paper discusses tortious liability for damage from product defects according to the provisions of the German Civil Code. Namely, by implementing the provisions of Directive 85/374 / EEC into the German legal order, the provisions of the German Civil Code have not been suppressed, but there is a possibility for the injured party to choose the basis of the claim, based on tortious liability, or objective liabil
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Papež, Petr. "Náhrada újmy v pracovněprávních vztazích." In Naděje právní vědy 2022. University of West Bohemia, Czech Republic, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24132/zcu.nadeje.2022.470-479.

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Liability for damages is a special form of relationship where, on the basis of a violation of an already existing primary obligation, a secondary obligation – the obligation to compensate the damages – arises for the harming party. There is a considerable number of „types“ of liability for damages, many of which are primarily governed by the Civil Code, others are governed by special statutes. Compensation for damages in employment relations is regulated in a special legal regulation – Act No. 262/2006 Coll., Labor Code, as amended, which covers the legal regulation in question rather comprehe
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Al-Obeidi, Ali Hadi. "Legal Basis of Civil Liability for Applications of Artificial Intelligence (Particularly Robotics) According to the UAE Civil Transactions Law." In 2022 International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acit57182.2022.9994136.

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Латыпов, Н. Э., and Т. Р. Зайнеев. "CIVIL LAW MEASURES RESPONSIBILITY IN RUSSIA." In ИНСТИТУТЫ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРАВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ГРАЖДАНИНА В ИСТОРИИ РОССИИ. Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56777/lawinn.2023.11.67.012.

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В статье рассмотрена сущность института гражданского правовой ответственности в гражданском праве, его законодательная основа. Проведено исследование оснований и исключений применение мер гражданско-правовой ответственности в отношение субъектов гражданских правоотношений, определен размер гражданско-правовой ответственности, а также значение и актуальность данного института в гражданском праве. The article examines the essence of the institution of civil legal responsibility in civil law, its legislative basis. A study of the grounds and exceptions for the application of civil liability measu
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Luik, Olavi-Juri, and Janno Lahe. "Granting Direct Claim Rights in Voluntary Liability Insurance to the Aggrieved Person in Estonian Insurance Practice: Via Insurance Contract Vs Claim Assignment." In The 9th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press,, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.9.2.17.

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In the Estonian Law of Obligations Act (LOA), the right of direct claim (actio directa) is guaranteed only if there is any obligatory liability insurance. In the case of voluntary liability insurance, the injured party has no direct claim against the insurer. In Estonian legal practice, the absence of a direct claim has been solved in two main ways: a) the policyholder and the insurer grant a direct claim to the injured party on the basis of an agreement between them, and b) by assignment of the claim. Both ways involve problems. Therefore, the article examines, inter alia, the pros and cons o
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Pilchina, D. Zh. "Subsidiary liability of controlling persons in the simplified bankruptcy procedure of an absent debtor." In II All-Russian Scientific Conference "Science, Technology, Society". Krasnoyarsk Science and Technology City Hall, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47813/nto.2.2022.5.277-282.

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The author examines the application of subsidiary liability carried out in relation to persons controlling the debtor's activities on the eve of bankruptcy, including in simplified bankruptcy procedures of an absent debtor. Bankruptcy legislation does not provide for special rules of subsidiary liability for simplified bankruptcy procedures of an absent debtor. The conclusion is made about the coincidence of the signs used to establish the grounds for bringing to subsidiary responsibility the persons controlling the debtor's activities on the eve of bankruptcy, and the signs of the absent debt
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Purmalis, Ritvars. "Cēloņsakarības konstatēšana mākslīgā intelekta darbībā." In Latvijas Universitātes 80. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.14.

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While there is still a debate at European Union level as to which of the known models of civil liability should be used to determine a person’s civil liability for damage caused by an artificial intelligence-driven system, particular attention should be directed at the issues relating to the “transparency” and “explainability” of the operation of artificial intelligence-driven system. The purpose of this article is to provide a brief insight into the importance of establishing the causal relationship between the way in which the inputs (various datasets) available for the artificial intelligen
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