Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bassin sédimentaire'
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Ossa, Ossa Frantz-Gérard. "Etude multi-approches du bassin sédimentaire paléoprotérozoïque (2. 1-2. 4 Ga) de Franceville au Gabon : les environnements sédimentaires et l'impact des paléocirculations de fluides." Poitiers, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010POIT2341.
Full textFrancevillien Basin, located in south-eastern Gabon, consists of a column of five lithostratigraphic formations, starting from FA to FE. He is known around the world through these natural fission reactors (Oklo and Bangombé) and to its rich mineral resources in the FA and FB (Uranium and Manganese). The classically described successive lithofacies in FA reflect the evolution of fluvial environment to a tide-influenced delta environment. Marine environment, ranging from shoreface to upper offshore, characterizes the FB. New geochemical data show, oxygenation of the water column up to the upper offshore, large amounts of dissolved organic matter in Proterozoic seawater. These chemical conditions in the depositional environments are closely linked with the state of oxygenation of the atmosphere, will have major consequences in the history of this basin: the emergence of biomass, large colonial organisms; diversification of phyllosilicates (chemical weathering). The mineralogy of the clay fraction (< 2μm) in the FA formation shows a dominant illitic phase whose crystallinity increases towards the base of the series. It is characterized by the appearance of minerals interlayered illite/smectite regular (type R1) at the FA / FB transition, and irregular (type R0) at the top of the series. This trend highlights the different parageneses in the FA and FB formations, despite a low thickness variation and a general rate relatively low landfill. These parageneses indicate a higher intensity of diagenesis in the coarse facies with low organic matter (typical training FA) than for fine facies rich in organic matter (formation characteristic FB). All the results can be interpreted in terms of changes in a same diagenetic process controlled by the facies and the nature of pore fluids. This reinforces the hypothesis of a relatively low geothermal gradient compared to what has been commonly described in other basins of similar age. The presence of monazite overgrowths, late iron-rich chlorites associated with berthierine was used to estimate the temperatures of crystallization around 300° C in the upper FA. These results confirm the late circulation of hot fluids
Salloum, Mohamad Ali. "Analyse et modélisation stratigraphique du bassin sédimentaire onshore du Liban." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/DDOC_T_2022_0098_SALLOUM.pdf.
Full textIn the last decade, important oil discoveries have been reported offshore Lebanon in the eastern Mediterranean waters. Numerous offshore geological studies (Levant Basin) with seismic acquisitions (2D and 3D) have revealed hydrocarbon reservoirs of Miocene age and suggest promising exploration prospects. In addition, petroleum system modeling has been carried out on the scale of the entire region and shows that the Triassic-Jurassic formations are potential source rocks that have reached thermal maturity due to strong tectonic control at certain periods. While these formations have been extensively studied in the Middle East (Syria, Jordan, ...) and have allowed highlighting their petroleum potential, the Lebanese onshore area has been little studied. The complete stratigraphic approach and the analysis of the Lebanese onshore sedimentary basin are still lacking in some aspects, not allowing to define perfectly the role of tectonics on the geometry, the nature, and the timing of sedimentary and diagenetic events.The objective of this thesis is to characterize the geometry of the sedimentary deposits of the onshore basin and to explain the tectonic control on its' stratigraphic record. A set of geological data from the literature on the region (depth settings, stratigraphy, etc.) is synthesized in a 3D geological modeler (SKUA-GoCad®). From these geo-modeled data, an interpretative approach allows to visualize: i) the sedimentary deposits of the Lebanese basin; ii) the major tectonic structures controlling this basin; iii) the major erosion surfaces and iv) the potential oil traps as elements of petroleum systems. This approach allows then to generate tectonic subsidence curves of the sedimentary basin in the Lebanese onshore and part of the offshore (using PetroMod®) and to interpret them. The results describe the relationships between sedimentation and tectonic evolution at the regional scale of Lebanon, define the major faults that controlled the sedimentary record, identify some key phases during the geodynamic evolution and thus trace the tectonic history of the country.From a regional to a more local scale, this thesis focuses on a fault set having a controlling role on the sedimentary record, by studying one of them in the Nahr Ibrahim area. This work focuses on the early Mesozoic (Jurassic) period present in the Lebanese territory and a little-studied structural system that affects it: the NE-SW Mesozoic normal fault system reactivated during the structuring of the Levantine Fault System. In order to characterize the tectonic control of these faults on sedimentation (geometry and diagenesis), a field study was carried out in the Nahr Ibrahim region, with a sedimentary, geochemical and diagenetic approach. Thus, three stratigraphic sections in the Kesrouane Formation (Jurassic) are presented. A study of the facies and of the diagenesis allows to identify the variations of environments, then the main diagenetic phases that this Jurassic formation underwent. Using a chemo-stratigraphic approach (strontium isotopes in particular), a calibration by absolute ages is proposed which allows the correlation of the stratigraphic sections and highlights a vertical rejection of the regional Nahr Ibrahim fault of about 800 m. The results highlight the important role of these faults in the control of Jurassic sedimentation, the geometric structuring of the Mesozoic formations, and their potential role in diagenesis. Also, this local approach has allowed us to revisit and improve the regional 3D model by considering the major role of these reactivated NE-SW faults (800m fault vertical offset) affecting the stratigraphy
Neurdin-Trescartes, Jacqueline. "Le remplissage sédimentaire du bassin néogène du Chélif, modèle de référence de bassins intramontagneux." Pau, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PAUU3021.
Full textTaccone, Florent. "Modélisation numérique du transfert sédimentaire en bassin versant montagneux fortement érodable." Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC1040/document.
Full textIn some small mountain catchments, extreme rainfall events can lead to strong sediment exports. This large volume of sediment can have an impact on the management of hydraulic structures downstream these basins. Today, to represent erosion processes on a watershed scale, distributed conceptual models are mainly used (CASC2D, SHETRAN, DWSM). These models are based on global erosion formulas and are validated for coarse mesh sizes (> 30 m). On the other hand, there are models capable of finely representing gravity erosion processes, by multiphase flows, mainly used on small-scale cases. This thesis work proposes the development of a physics-based model capable of representing both hydraulic transfers and watershed hydrology, gravity-driven erosion processes and sediment erosion/deposition in the hydraulic network. This will quantify sediment export at the outlet of a basin for extreme events, identify areas of high sediment production and sediment storage dynamics in the hydraulic network to facilitate watershed management. The first step is to evaluate the resolution of the Saint-Venant equations for run off with low water depths on steep slopes. To diagnose the different numerical schemes that can be found in the literature, a test case, with an analytical solution of the Saint-Venant equations, representing a straight channel on which a constant rain falls is used. This test case includes a dry zone upstream and allows the evaluation of the key properties that a scheme must include to represent runoff over a watershed, such as positive water depths, the transition between dry and wet zones, the balance of the lake at rest and the non-limitation of the slope. The Chen and Noelle (2017) scheme is finally chosen.Then, with the addition of a Green-Ampt infiltration law (1911), the model will be evaluated in its ability to represent output hydrographs, but especially local flow velocities over real watersheds. For this, we evaluate the part of error coming from the numerical resolution and the physical modeling of the friction of the water on the bottom through four experimental cases from the laboratory scale to a basin of 1 km².A gravity erosion model, based on Takahashi's (2009) detachment and deposition criteria, is coupled to the global hydraulic model by a bottom evolution equation. The evolution of the sediment stock in the hydraulic network is modeled using an advection equation representing suspended sediments in the flow. The classic laws of Krone and Parthenades erosion and deposition are used for the recovery sediment deposition in the network.The erosion model is then validated on the Laval watershed (86 ha), instrumented and monitored by the ORE Draix-Bléone, on several very erosive events. Finally, the model is applied to two basins that are not instrumented but are of interest to EDF, for an ovoid dimensioning study in the Durance valley. Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator
Filizola, Naziano. "Transfert sédimentaire actuel par les fleuves amazoniens." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30162.
Full textKusiak, Maria Elena. "Le mésozoïque du système Subandin de Bolivie : évolution sédimentaire et synthèse du bassin." Grenoble 1, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00690400.
Full textIn Bolivia, the Mesozoic is located in the Subandine belt, East of the Andean Cordillera. It is mainly represented by continental sequences described as local formations, without any tentative correlation between the various area. In this work, we show that the Mesozoic characterize two different basins formed in rifting context. The Villamontes basin, located in the Southern part of the Subandine, began its evolution during Middle/Late Triassic and developped during Jurassic times. In the Northern Subandine the Santa Cruz basin was active during Cretaceous. The basal sequence of the Subandine Mesozoic is restricted to the Villamontes basin where the red sediments of the Ipaguazu Fm represent the basal part of the synrift deposits, overlain by tholeiitic basaltic lava flows (Entre Rios Fm) of Toarcian age (181,5 ± 0,90 My by Ar/Ar method). The overlying Tapueca and Castellon Fms characterise a synrift regime contemporaneous to a period of thermal subsidence. The geometry of the various contacts underlines the dissymmetry of the basin. Fms Ichoa and Beu represent the prerift deposits in the Northern Subandine, and are overlain by synrift Yantata and Eslabon Fms that underline the Northward migration of the extensional processes during the Mesozoic. In correspondence with the location of the Santa Cruz depocenter, the synrift deposits are represented by the basal sequence of the Cajones Fm ; the upper part of the Cajones Fm and its northern equivalent, the Flora Fm, characterize the final step of the thermal subsidence. In the area of the Boomerang, these formations have been affected by an important erosion, well known as the 'pretertiary unconformity'
Demollien, Valérie. "Préservation des enregistrements géochimiques dans les séries alternantes marno-calcaires de Sopelana et Zumaya ( Pays basque espagnol)." Paris, ENMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1059.
Full textBernard, Guillaume. "Mesures expérimentales et modélisation du remaniement sédimentaire dans le bassin d'Arcachon." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00874553.
Full textBernard, Guillaume. "Mesures expérimentales et modélisation du remaniement sédimentaire dans le bassin d’Arcachon." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14821/document.
Full textSediment particle mixing, defined as the movements of sediment particles induced by benthic fauna, is one of the two components of bioturbation by benthic organisms. It is a key process of the ecological functioning in coastal areas. This manuscript presents an integrated study of sediment particle mixing process from the single sediment particle to the whole benthic community.The development of a new experimental approach, coupling high frequency acquisition of time series images of luminophores motions along thin aquaria glass walls, allowed for the direct measurement of elementary particle motions induced by the bivalve Abra alba. This constitutes the first experimental assessment of sediment particle mixing “fingerprints” in a marine invertebrate, according to the CTRW (Continuous Time Random Walk) model formulation.The deployment of this new approach also allowed for the determination of the control of water temperature and of fresh organic matter availability on sediment particle mixing induced by Abra alba. Moreover, the temporal (i.e., during 48h experiments) and spatial (i.e., over the whole section of the sediment column affected) dynamics of these effects were considered.At last, sediment particle mixing intensities induced by the whole benthic community were assessed in-situ in Arcachon Bay, within both a Zostera noltii meadow and a bare sediment mudflat where phanerogams were previously present. These results highlighted the restrictive effect of phanerogams themselves and of a restricted number of key benthic species, on sediment particle mixing
Bellemlih, Saïda. "Stocks particulaires holocènes et bilans de matières dans un bassin fluviatile en domaine sédimentaire : le bassin du Négron, sud-ouest du Bassin parisien, France." Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR4007.
Full textPoirson, Claude. "Distribution séquentielle de l'uranium dans les bassins sédimentaires : exemples du permien de Lodève (Hérault) et de rodez (Aveyron), du carbonifère de Baden Baden (bade Württemberg) et du lias lorrain." Nancy 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NAN10531.
Full textYahiaoui, Brahim. "Maillage dynamique tridimensionnel pour la simulation de l'écoulement dans un bassin sédimentaire." Thesis, Troyes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TROY0034/document.
Full textTo target more profitable oil and gas deposits, the numerical simulation is of growing interest in the oil sector. In this context, two main types of applications are distinguished: reservoir engineering where geological models are defined as static and exploration for the simulation of hydrocarbons formation. The latter application requires dynamic basins models. For this type of simulation, mathematical and numerical modeling has been an important advance in recent years. However, the construction of meshes needed for the simulations is a difficult task in the case of complex and dynamic geometries. The difficulty is reflected by the characteristic of the domain to mesh, which is defined from the mechanics of granular media which are almost incompressible and heterogeneous environments. In addition, the seismic data represent non-implicit surfaces modeling volume blocks. In this context, we focus on Lagrangian hex-dominant mesh generation of basins with complex geometry. The desired mesh must contain a layer of almost hexahedral meshes between two horizons and conform to fault surfaces through these horizons. A novel methodology based on the construction of an unfolded space is introduced. The desired mesh is then seen as a constrained 3D grid in this novel space. Several mesh optimization techniques are also proposed
Wang, Hua. "Dynamique sédimentaire, structuration et houillification dans le bassin houiller stéphanien des Cévennes." Dijon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991DIJOS044.
Full textDanis, Michel. "Hydrogéologie et transferts thermiques pour un aquifère en bassin sédimentaire : approche numérique." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10438.
Full textBriais, Justine. "Le Cénozoïque du bassin de Paris : un enregistrement sédimentaire haute résolution des déformations lithosphériques en régime de faible subsidence." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S002/document.
Full textThe Paris basin is currently considered as a typical example of intracratonic basin (sag) affected by long term thermal subsidence. The Cenozoic is a period a low subsidence (less than 300m thick) and correspond to the end of the Paris basin sedimentation. Moreover, it is a period of strong deformation of the European plate related to Africa Europe convergence and North Atlantic opening, well known through numerous grabens inversions in northern and eastern Europe. While hiatus have been highlighted within Paris Basin sedimentation, cenozoic deformations of this thicker crust basin still poorly known. This thesis aims at recompose high resolution temporal and spatial evolution of 3D sedimentary geometries and palaeogeographies from Thanetian to Lower Oligocene. This work is firstly based on available and newly acquired biostratigraphic data. Facies sedimentolgy and well data correlations based on sequence stratigraphy principles allowed to recompose the basin evolution at 1Ma timescale. 2 orders of sequences were identified. Third order sequences (1My duration) seems to be controlled by climate-eustasy. Five main (2nd order) sequences bounded by unconformities and/or palaeogeographic reorganization are highlighted : (1) Maastrichtian-Danian ; (2) Thanetian-Ypresian ; (3) Lutetian-Bartonian ; (4) Bartonian-top Priabonian et (5) Top Priabonian-Chattian. Sequences 1 to 4 correspond to basin scale flexure which control their architecture. Following emersion during the main flexural phases, flooding start with relatively steep depositional profiles. As flexure progressively relax, flatter depositional profiles take place together with overall transgression. This work yield high resolution constraints for the understanding and thermomechanical modelling of intraplate deformations various lenght of flexures form 150 to 300km and more are identified and traduces different thickness of deformed lithosphere. From Thanetian to Bartonian, successives E-W oriented flexures take place which ages are congruent with the main phases of Iberia-Eurasia convergence. A short term deformation in basal Ypresian is attributed to the onset of North Atlantic opening. Finally major basin-scale reorientation during Priabonian could be linked to the onset of Apulia- Eurasia continental collision
Kister, Philippe. "Mobilité des éléments géochimiques dans un bassin sédimentaire clastique, du Protérozoi͏̈que à nos jours : le bassin Athabasca (Saskatchewan, Canada)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPL062N.
Full textIn order to understand the mechanisms of migration and deposition of ore elements, it is essential to determine the timing, source, and destination of the geochemical element mass transfers and/or transportation on a scale encompassing the great sedimentary basins. The purpose of this study is to trace and to date the element migrations that occurred during the history of a Paleoproterozoic clastic sedimentary basin, the Athabasca Basin, which hosts the world's largest and richest uranium deposits. As this geological environment was proved to be efficient to preserve high grade ore deposits for over more than one billion years, it provides an opportunity to study some natural analogues of deep geological nuclear waste storage
Et-Touhami, Mohammed. "Le trias évaporitique du bassin de Khemisset (Maroc central) : géométrie des dépôts, évolution sédimentaire et géochimie." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO10124.
Full textKusiak, Maria Elena. "Le mésozoïque du système Subandin de Bolivie : évolution sédimentaire et synthèse du bassin." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00690400.
Full textGermain, Corinne. "Nature, réactivité et biodégradation des matières organiques associées aux argiles d'un bassin sédimentaire." Nancy 1, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_1995_0165_GERMAIN.pdf.
Full textThe organic matter of 20 clay samples representative of a sedimentary basin was studied. It appears to be humic substances constituted by fulvie acids (4 to 32 %) and humic acids (2 to 58 %). The results lead to propose a typology of these kaolins. In that way three groups are distinguished relatively to the organic carbon, fulvie and humic acids contents. The humic acids, particularly studied, present condensed and polyaromatic structures. Their total N contents are relatively low. . They are rich in oxygen-containing functional groups (especially carboxylic and phenolic), Moreover, they are easily oxydable during pyrolysis at medium temperature (250°C to 350°C). Under favourable conditions (moisture, temperature, mineraI nu trient inputs), the autochtonous microbial communities grow rapidly by using organic matter associated to the clay as carbon an energy source. Some of the micro-organisms involved appear to he oligotrophic. Depending on the organic matter constituents and for relatively short-time incubations, heterotrophic bacteria are able to mineralize in C02 12 to 25 %of the organic matter. This activity promotes the production of microbial biomass and polysacharidic hydrosoluble compounds. It also leads to the transformation of humic acids essentially by oxidation of polyaromatic structures. The stimulation of heterotrophic micro-organisms promotes the biodegradation and biotransformation of highly recalcitrant organic matter. After the biodegradation of organic matter, the clay thermie properties are still the same but the suspension viscosity seems to he slightly modified and the whiteness, a main quality of the kaolins, is improved
Ganthy, Florian. "Rôle des herbiers de zostères (Zostera noltii) sur la dynamique sédimentaire du Bassin d’Arcachon." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14436/document.
Full textThe intertidal flats in the Arcachon lagoon are extensively colonized by seagrass meadows of Zostera noltii. The last ten years these meadows experienced a drastic regression of their surface area. Understanding the impact of seagrass on hydrodynamics and sediment dynamics is required to anticipate the consequences of meadows regression on the sediment dynamics of the Arcachon lagoon.Flume experiments with natural seagrass highlighted a strong velocity attenuation associated with a turbulence increase near the bed within seagrass canopies. An increase in sediment protection from erosion and in deposition fluxes related to the seagrass growth was found.Erosion tests showed seasonal variability of sediment resistance against erosion associated with changes in sediment characteristics. The bed stabilization induced by the root system and its seasonality was also observed. A parameterization of the erosion law was found.The in-situ survey of sediment altimetry, sediment and biometric characteristics showed a significant trend to sediment deposition on colonized sites, while erosion occurred on the unvegetated site. On the vegetated sites, surface sediment evolutions are correlated to the seagrass growth. Sediment became finer during the growth while the sand content rose during the end-of-season die-off.The hydrodynamic model MARS-3D was modified to take into account for seagrass and its flexibility on hydrodynamics and produced good simulation of velocity profiles in presence of seagrasses
Heilbronn, Gloria. "Évolution paléogéographique et paléotopographique du Tian Shan Chinois au Mésozoïque." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014REN1S112/document.
Full textThe Tian Shan is an intracontinental range located in Central Asia. The structure of the range formed during the Paleozoic through the accretion of several blocks. Recently the range has been reactivated due to far-field effects of the collision between India and Asia. The topographic and tectonic evolution of the range in-between these two major relief-building phases (Late Paleozoic and Cenozoic) is still poorly understood. Two different approaches are combined in this work, in order to determine the Mesozoic topographic evolution of the area, in a qualitative way.The Late-Paleozoic range has been progressively eroded until the Upper Triassic/Lower Jurassic. Tectonic activity was relatively quiet during the Jurassic characterised by low exhumation rates. We suggest that the tectonic regime was dominated by transtension in the Tian Shan area. This period is linked to a regional peneplanation in Central Asia. At the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary, the occurrence of alluvial fan deposits shows a reactivation of the range, though not strong enough to be recorded by low-temperature thermochronology. This period is characterised by an overall extensional tectonic regime all over Central Asia, with the opening of the Caspian Basin further west. It precedes the phase of very slow exhumation that occurs during the Lower Cretaceous. From 100 Ma and during the Upper Cretaceous, the range is progressively reactivated. We suggest that this correspond to a delayed answer of the Lhassa bloc collision (140 - 120 Ma). Around 65 - 60 Ma, a new phase of rapid exhumation attests of a stronger reactivation, localised along the major faults. This is contemporary of bloc collisions along the south-west margin of Asia, such as the Kohistan Block, the Dras arc or the Afghan Block. In the Tian Shan area, the development of calcrete features in the Paleocene suggests the end of tectonic activity, before the new reactivation in the Neogene.The combination of low temperature thermochronology on the basement rocks and facies sedimentology in the various basins indicate that while during the Mesozoic, the Palaeo-Tian Shan topography generally flattens, some small-scale tectonic events driven by far-field effects of major geodynamic processes around the edges of Asia did occur. However, those tectonic movements did not induce enough exhumation to be recorded by low temperature thermochronometers. Only the sediment record allows their detection and detailed description
Le, Solleuz Antoine. "Modélisation thermo-mécanique et stratigraphique de la genèse et de l'évolution d'un bassin sédimentaire intraplaque : exemple du Bassin de Paris." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066190.
Full textRat, Juliette. "Evolution du contenu sédimentaire détritique au cours d'un cycle orogénique." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30030.
Full textSurface processes changes resulting from tectonics and climate interactions are potentially preserved by the sedimentary record. Here we focus on the North Iberian plate, which records each phases of the alpin cycle. In order to study the detrital content evolution from rifting to mountain formation we use a combination of low temperature thermochronometers. First, results allow us to constrain the tectono-thermal and detrital histories of the Cameros inverted mesozoic rift basin over 100 Ma. Then, new thermochronological, petrological and geochronological data lead us to extend this observation at the Ebro basin regional scale and to explore the detrital thermochronology potential bias on the source signal. Finally, these results are integrated into a reconstruction proposal of the Iberian paleogeography, from the Oxfordian to the late Miocene
Hermoza, Wilber. "Dynamique tectono-sédimentaire et restauration séquentielle du rétro-bassin d'avant-pays des Andes centrales." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30134.
Full textThe retro-arc foreland basin of the Central Andes is considered as a type-example of a foreland basin system (Horton & DeCelles, 1997). Three regions have been studied : the North Amazonian basin (3-8ʿS), the South Amazonian basin (11-12ʿS) and the south-eastern Bolivian basin (19-20ʿS). The foreland basin system of the Central Andes constitutes a favoured area where studies of the deformation and sedimentary fill can be coupled. This study enabled us to arrive at a clearer understanding of the longitudinal and latitudinal structural/sedimentary evolutions and of the tectono-sedimentary dynamics of the basin and adjacent orogen, and to a sequential restoration of the basins at key-periods in the evolution of the range from the Eocene to present-day. During the early and middle Eocene, the Western Cordillera of northern Peru between 3 and 8ʿS experienced large uplift and erosion. This event is interpreted as a stage of tectonic quiescence and erosional unloading. To the south of 11ʿS, no such event is recorded in the sedimentary fill and the sedimentary arrangement indicates the development of a flexural basin related to orogenic loading. Because the North Amazonian foreland basin system is situated at the junction between the Central Andes and the Northern Andes, this change in the geodynamic process can be ascribed to the interference with the Northern Andes. .
Quesne, Hervé. "Evolution sédimentaire et paléostructurale du mésozoïque dans la partie méridionale du bassin d'Estrémadure (Portugal)." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO10130.
Full textVincent, Aude. "Etude hydrologique et hydrogéologique du bassin sédimentaire côtier de Kaluvelli-Pondichéry, Tamil Nadu, Inde." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066520.
Full textBelmouhoub, Rachid. "Modélisation tridimensionnelle hydro-thermo-mécanique d'un bassin sédimentaire au cours de son histoire géologique." Chambéry, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CHAMS016.
Full textRoussel, Nicolas. "Dynamique sédimentaire des séries miocènes de la région de Quseir (Egypte), bordure Nord-Ouest de la Mer Rouge." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112082.
Full textMiocene sedimentation, contemporaneous with initial rifting of the Red Sea basin, has been strongly influenced by distensional tectonics. The beginning of the rifting is characterised by normal movements along N140 faults, and strike-slip of N-S and E-W faults. The resulting structural troughs, elongated NW-SE, received continental Miocene sediments of Group A (25 MY); they were supplied by erosion of moderate relief to the Est. Subsequently, all structural directions functioned as normal faults, subsidence leading to marine environments. Two secondary basins are distinguished in the Quseir area. Ln the North the Zarib Basin is characterised by an irregular morphology (horsts and grabens); and a southern Bahari Basin, which subsided earlier, is characterised by the regularity of its morphology. The morphological contrast is directly responsible for differenciation into talus and platform facies. Lnitialy, sedimentation is mixed terrigenous and carbonate (Group B) ; horsts correspond to clearly defined bathymetric highs favouring development of shallow carbonates and these tend to block the transit of silici-clastics sediments. The structural escarpments are overlain by spectacular sedimentary talus. Ultimately, general restriction of the basin lead the deposition of Group C evaporitic which drown the morpho-structural relief. An intense dolomitisation has affected all carbonates
Pascal, Frédéric. "Minéralogie, géochimie et dynamique sédimentaire des carbonates actuels et récents du bassin des Loyauté (Nouvelle-Calédonie, Pacifique sud-ouest)." Lyon 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990LYO10069.
Full textBaumard, Bastien. "Valorisation de données pour l'étude de la crise messinienne dans le Gard Rhodanien et la moitié Est de la France." Paris, ENMP, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENMP1105.
Full textMasini, Emmanuel. "L' évolution tectono-sédimentaire syn-rift des bassins de marge passive profonde : Exemples du bassin de samedan (Alpes centrales, Suisse) et du bassin de Mauléon (Pyrénées basques françaises)." Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/MASINI_Emmanuel_2011.pdf.
Full textOne of the most effective geodynamical processes creating sedimentary basins is the continental rifting. Investigations performed in deep magma-poor rifted margins showed that the crust can be extremely extended and associated with low-angle detachment faulting. Therefore, the tectono-sedimentary models developed for classical hemigrabens of the most proximal domains of the margins cannot be applied to the distal margins. Unfortunately, due to access issues, this evolution remains poorly understood. This is the aim of this study focused on two fossil analogues (Alps and Pyrenees). Palinspastic restoration helped to restore the post-rift architecture of this type of basins preserving their syn-rift sedimentary record. This study shows that supra-detachment basins are controlled by the detachment faults flooring rift-basins. They are bounded by structural elements resulting from the hangingwall delamination during active exhumation (allochthons or detachment breakaway blocks). A syn-rift trilogy evolution can be observed as: 1) Onset of exhumation, with the hangingwall rupture during the basin opening over the exhumed fault plane. Deposition of hangingwall-derived basal facies tract. 2) Widening of the basin accommodated by the upstream footwall exhumation controls a source change to footwall derived deposits. 3) Tectonic cessation through the basin leads to develop the post-tectonic sequence consisting of passive infilling. Because of the cessation of active exhumation as the engine of the syn-rift gravity flows along the fault, this sequence is strongly dependent of a potential incoming sediment flux and its efficiency compare to post-tectonic space accommodation
Morosanu, Gabriela Adina. "La dynamique hydro-sédimentaire du bassin de la rivière Jiu. Approche systèmique et multi-échelles." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAU036.
Full textThe doctoral thesis titled “The Hydro-sedimentary dynamics of the Jiu River Watershed. A systemic and multi-scale approach” aimed to investigate the dynamics of liquid and solid flows at various temporal and spatial scales, in the Jiu River Basin. The study area is located in southwestern Romania, Jiu River (339 km long) being one of the most important Carpathian tributaries of the Danube river.In the current context, marked by the need to elaborate integrated watershed management plans, the present study offers valuable and original information on the hydro-sedimentary dynamics in the Jiu River watershed, that stems from a cross-disciplinary research carried out at different temporal and spatial scales.The watershed under study is characterized by complex geographical particularities, determined by a great diversity of natural and socio-economic factors. From an economic standpoint, the element that individualizes Jiu’s watershed is the presence and exploitation of coal in its upper sector (black coal) and middle sector (lignite), activities that have left their mark on the hydrological characteristics of the rivers in the basin. The presence of coal resources has been relied upon in this paper in order to investigate the hydro-sedimentary dynamics on the basis of an analysis, carried out through different laboratory methods, of the coal associated elements’ content in the alluvium samples collected in the riverbeds of Jiu and its main tributaries.The present research seeks to answer the following two major questions:(i) Which are the natural and human factors that contribute to the production and transfer of the solid and liquid fluxes within the Jiu River basin?(ii) What is the importance of spatial and temporal scales in the analysis of the hydro-sedimentary dynamics with regards to sediment sources, extreme hydrological events, transfer paths and the most favorable accumulation areas?The scientific methodology that we adopted followed a perspective that shifted from the general to the specific.In the first part of the thesis, the analysis was carried out at the scale of the whole basin, in order to highlight the physico-geographical factors, as well as the man-made ones, controlling the liquid and solid fluxes. The issues that we approached refer to the connectivity between sources – transfer – accumulation areas, hydrological variability and the relationship between the solid and the liquid discharge, the geomorphological mapping of alluvium-generating processes.In the second part of the thesis, we shifted from the systemic perspective of the whole Jiu River Basin towards a smaller scale, both spatially and temporally, able to reflect the role of the largest floods recorded in Jiu River Basin in the hydro-sedimentary dynamics and the contribution of its main sub-catchments in the sediment transfer. From a methodological point of view, in this part of the thesis we moved from the classical, geographical and hydrological methods, employed in the first part (based on mapping and GIS analysis, as well as by statistical processing of data series) towards a complex methodology, integrating hydrological analysis (on the basis of flood indices), field research and the complex analysis of fine sediments in the laboratory (through techniques belonging to colorimetric tracing, geochemistry, organic petrology).The results of our research connected the elements and factors behind the hydro-sedimentary dynamics at various spatial and temporal scales into a systemic vision. The laboratory analyses of the sediment and coal samples, the study of flood events and the hydrological and geomorphological analyses of Jiu watershed’s particularities have contributed to a better understanding of the hydro-sedimentary dynamics, offering original insight into potential sediment sources, the composition and quantity of sediments and the transfer paths they follow in the system of Jiu River’s watershed
Jocktane, Olivier. "La plate-forme carbonatée albienne dans le bassin côtier gabonais : dynamique sédimentaire et stratigraphie séquentielle." Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS054.
Full textGardère, Philippe. "Les sables fauves : dynamique sédimentaire et évolution morpho-structurale du bassin d'Aquitaine au miocène moyen." Toulouse 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU30183.
Full textFaille, Isabelle. "Modélisation bidimensionnelle de la genèse et de la migration des hydrocarbures dans un bassin sédimentaire." Grenoble 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992GRE10005.
Full textGoua, Tokpa Emmanuel. "Biostratigraphie et évolution paléoenvironnementale des séries maastrichtiennes et paléocènes dans le bassin sédimentaire côtier ivoirien." Dijon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997DIJOS073.
Full textGharbi, Mohamed. "Etudes des crues et du transport sédimentaire associé - Application au bassin versant de la Medjerda." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0008/document.
Full textIn Tunisia, the problem of floods and sediment transport is critically arising, especially in the Medjerda watershed. Since the construction of Sidi Salem dam, there is a remarkable morphological change, especially on the downstream side. We note a gradual enhancement of the river bed in the downstream direction and therefore, increased occurrence of floods. So, the use of numerical modeling is needed to better understand this risk. An experimental study carried out in a rectangular inclinable flume at the National Institute of Agronomy of Tunisia (INAT). The aim is to visualize the morphological evolution of the channel bottom consisting of fine sand under permanent flow. In the first part, a comparative analysis was conducted between bed load transport rates models with experimental data, in order to test and validate the new bed load model proposed by Lajeunesse et al. (2010), then to check the grain size effect on the sediment transport capacity. After that, we are interested in the study of the morphological evolution in rivers. It was performed through numerical modeling using SISYPHE coupled with TELEMAC 2D. The aim is to analyze the morphological changes in the channel bottom. In the second part, several simulations have been conducted between 1D and 2D hydraulic models. These simulations concerned the recent floods for which data are available, especially the flood in January 2003 and the latest floods occurred in February 2012. Initially, a 1D hydraulic model using the MIKE 11 and HEC RAS software was performed in order to control the behavior of the water line profile during these floods. Secondly, a twodimensional hydraulic model was conducted using the code TELEMAC 2D in order to determine flood extent and to identify flood sensitive areas. The last part of this work will focus on the study of sediment transport at the Medjerda. Initially, we conducted a one-dimensional modeling (1D) of the total sediment transport along the middle valley of the Medjerda river. An analysis of the influence of the amounts of the materials transported by the Medjerda during flood was performed to determine their effects on the river morphological evolution. Secondly, a two-dimensional modeling was performed (2D) of sediment transport using the code SISYPHE coupled with TELEMAC 2D was also performed. We became interested in the study of sediment transport by thrusting only, to see the effect of this transport mode to the morphological evolution. In addition, we opted for a new approach to calculation of bed load sediment transport model based on the erosion -deposition Charru (2006). At the end of this work, a comparative study between the different results to see the validity of this new approach to the case of Medjerda was considered
Maufrangeas, Adrien. "Dynamique sédimentaire au Paléocène en contexte précoce de bassin d’avant pays dans le domaine Nord-Pyrénéen." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BOR30018/document.
Full textDuring the Paleocene, the North Pyrenean Foreland Basin is an open bay on the Atlantic Ocean. This gulf consists of a shallow carbonate platform in the Petites-Pyrenees area, and mainly continental sediments in the Corbières area (Aude). We collected sedimentological data, through 10 sections, on a west-east transect of 150 km, parallel to the present-day Pyrenees. The facies analysis of these sections allowed us to define sequences but the lack of stratigraphical data, particularly in the continental deposits of the Corbières, made correlations uncertain. To overcome this problem, an analysis of the δ13Corg variations was carried out. It provided a geochemical curve for the whole Paleocene that was then compared with marine reference sections which made possible to refine the stratigraphy of the continental succession and more largely of the study area. Coupled with sequential analysis, these data have also enabled the reconstruction of Paleocene architecture. Our approach allowed us to (1) draw paleogeographic map for each of the Paleocene three stages, to (2) propose a model of tectono-stratigraphical evolution and to (3) discuss the control factors of Paleocene sedimentation in the North Pyrenean Basin
Bouchez, Julien. "Relations entre dynamique sédimentaire et altération dans les grandes fleuves : exemple de l'Amazone." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA077055.
Full textRivers transport the residual products of continental weathering, that display a large range of grain size, mineralogical and chemical compositions. These grains are sorted within the river channel during transport to the ocean. The Amazon Basin main tributaries have been sampled along depth-profiles, at various lateral positions. In the dissolved phase, lateral heterogeneities of major species and strontium isotopic composition, along with constraints on turbulent mixing, I suggest that most large rivers are not well-mixed regarding their different tributaries. At ail sites, suspended matter concentration significantly increases with depth. Chemical and isotopic compositions of suspended matter also vary I greatly with depth. A new classification of chemical elements, following their behaviour with respect to sorting and I weathering, is proposed. Comparison of the chemical composition, along the whole grain size range, ofr Amazon sediments between the outlet of the Andes and the river mouths, suggests relatively low weathering intensities during transfer of sediments through the floodplain. Finally, using organic carbon content and 14C activity measurements, we I demonstrate that fossil organic carbon oxidation during transfer through the floodplain results in a significant input of 1 CO2 in the atmosphere, nearly countering silicate weathering at the basin scale
Cirac, Pierre. "Le bassin sud-rifain occidental au néogène supérieur : évolution de la dynamique sédimentaire et de la paléogéographie au cours d'une phase de comblement." Bordeaux 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985BOR10562.
Full textGattacceca, Jérôme. "Cinématique du bassin liguro-provençal entre 30 et 12 Ma. Implication géodynamiques." Paris, ENMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1060.
Full textSaas, Laurent. "Décomposition de domaine et schémas volumes finis sur maillages non-conformes." Paris 6, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA066493.
Full textRiou, Stéphane Alain. "Cycle de l'azote à l'interface eau-sédiment dans le bassin d'Arcachon : rôle des bactéries dans les processus de perte en azote (nitrification-dénitrification)." Bordeaux 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR10513.
Full textHuyghe, Pascale. "Enregistrement sédimentaire des déformations intraplaques : l'exemple de l'inversion structurale d'un bassin de la mer du Nord." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718740.
Full textBelhannachi, Hamza. "Évolution tectono-sédimentaire et caractérisation des niveaux de décollement dans le bassin stéphanien de Graissessac (Sud du Massif Central, France)." Nancy 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NAN10171.
Full textMalam, Abdou Moussa. "Etats de surface et fonctionnement hydrodynamique multi-échelles des bassins sahéliens ; études expérimentales en zones cristalline et sédimentaire." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU004/document.
Full textThis work aims at characterizing and comparing the hydrodynamical functioning at several spatial scales within the granitic-basement and sedimentary zones of Western Niger. Then, a simple hydrological model that could be suitable for use at larger scales is proposed and tested.Qualitatively, the two geological domains have common and specific surface features.The experimental work carried out onto common surface features (biological crust, BIOL; erosion crust, ERO; fallow structural surface, ST and cultivated, C) shows that, at the point scale, ERO has the same hydraulic conductivity K value in both contexts. On the other hand, surfaces features C and especially ST have lower K values in granitic context.Monitoring of the ST and C sites along the rainy season proved the stationarity of the ST conductivity value. On the contrary, K varies widely with the amount of rain received from an initial value of 170 mm/h after weeding down to 20 mm/h (i.e. the ST measured value) after 70 mm of rain and even 10 mm/h after 180 mm of rain. This variation shows the short-term benefit of weeding onto infiltration but a degradation of the soil surface on the long term.At the plot scale (10 m2), runoff measurements are consistent with point measurements. ERO has the same runoff coefficient (Kr) in granitic and sedimentary zones while ST and C surfaces have a higher Kr in granitic context.Runoff monitoring of the granitic site cultivated plots showed that from a total of 63 rain events between 2011 and 2013, 22 had a Kr value higher than the average value (0.25) from which 2/3 are observed after the surface had received more than 70 mm rain after weeding.Results obtained at the two scales (point and 10-m2 plot) are thus consistent and show that the cultivated surface gets crusted and may produce runoff more than fallow ST sites and as much as ERO features.At the basin scale (5 ha), Kr values are higher in the granitic site, not only because of the higher Kr value for a given surface feature but also because of the specific low-infiltrating surfaces which are granite outcrops and gravel crusts (Kr = 0.58).At the three previous scales (point, plot and small basin), runoff volume was found independent of soil initial moisture.Using the previous point-scale results in a Green-Ampt infiltration model led to calibrate the wetting front pressure head for each surface feature and to satisfactorily describe runoff volumes obtained at the plot scale.By estimating runoff with the Green-Ampt infiltration model at any given point, basin-scale hydrograms were obtained by adding the contribution of all elementary surfaces. Assuming no re-infiltration of runoff water within the basins, a simple transfer function was chosen accounting for the distance of each surface to the hydrological network, a constant water velocity of 0.05 m.s-1 and a volume of 3-4 mm of water necessary to fill the kori sand cover, which is much less than that in the sedimentary context. Finally, simulated hydrograms reproduce nicely the measured ones, which offers the perspective of applying some principles of the model to larger basins
Ortuno, Arzate Felipe. "Evolution sédimentaire mésozoïque du bassin rift de Chihuahua le long d'une transversale Aldama-Ojinaga (Mexique) : implications géodynamiques." Pau, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PAUU1021.
Full textLemaitre, Nathalie. "Les nodules polymétalliques du bassin du Pérou : diversité des modes de croissance et relations avec l'environnement sédimentaire." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112239.
Full textThis thesis presents the results of a chemical and radiochemical study of numerous polymetallic nodules from the Peru basin (South Eastern Pacific) and associated sediments. Three types of formation processes have been uncovered, each with its own characteristic accretion rate yielding nodules of different chemical composition. The elements responsible for the formation of the nodules come from three sources: 1) iron from the sea water (hydrogenous); 2) nickel and copper from the oxidizing sea water-sediment interface through early diagenesis; 3) manganese from the reducing diagenesis within the first few centimeters of the sediment. The nature of the sedimentary environment is directly responsible for the relative contribution of the three sources to the formation of the nodules. Two key factors: sedimentation rate and the amount of organic materiel in the sediments, determine the development of sedimentary surface diagenesis and the growth of diagenetic nodules. Within the Peru basin, two distinct zones of nodules are recognizable : zone 1, starting 6° South, has nodules resulting from reducing diagenesis; zone 2, South of 9°S, contains a mixture of nodules formed by early diagenesis in an oxidizing environment and by water transport, in proportions determined by the bottom topography and water currents. The results have made it possible to define more precisely the chemical composition of the three components. The results have been compared with those published for North Pacific and they agree well. The lateral zones are symmetrical with respect to the equator, confirming thus the key role of the organic matter in the growth of nodules
Yofe, Tirogo Justine. "Etude du fonctionnement hydrodynamique de l'aquifère sédimentaire du bassin du Kou au sud-ouest du Burkina Faso." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066194/document.
Full textWest Africa is prone to critical climate variability and since the 1970s has been experiencing a long period of drought whose impact on groundwater resources is little studied. This study focuses on the Kou catchment in Burkina Faso which holds a large groundwater resource that lies at the root of exceptional springs. This resource, essential to fulfill the populations’ needs, shows signs of depletion that raises a critical question: what is the share of climate and that of withdrawals in the depletion of the resource? To answer this question, we used statistical analysis methods and hydrogeological modeling. The statistical methods were applied to climatic, hydrometric and groundwater level time series to describe the groundwater’s response to climate forcing and to identify explanatory factors of the groundwater’s behaviour. The hydrogeological modeling overcame some of the statistical methods limitations by better heeding the spatial heterogeneity of the aquifer’s characteristics. Particularly, it revealed that pumping have significant impact on the resource. To sum up, rainfall deficits combined with growing pumping endanger the resource. Hence, sustainable management of the resource should be a critical issue to pay attention to
Yofe, Tirogo Justine. "Etude du fonctionnement hydrodynamique de l'aquifère sédimentaire du bassin du Kou au sud-ouest du Burkina Faso." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2016PA066194.pdf.
Full textWest Africa is prone to critical climate variability and since the 1970s has been experiencing a long period of drought whose impact on groundwater resources is little studied. This study focuses on the Kou catchment in Burkina Faso which holds a large groundwater resource that lies at the root of exceptional springs. This resource, essential to fulfill the populations’ needs, shows signs of depletion that raises a critical question: what is the share of climate and that of withdrawals in the depletion of the resource? To answer this question, we used statistical analysis methods and hydrogeological modeling. The statistical methods were applied to climatic, hydrometric and groundwater level time series to describe the groundwater’s response to climate forcing and to identify explanatory factors of the groundwater’s behaviour. The hydrogeological modeling overcame some of the statistical methods limitations by better heeding the spatial heterogeneity of the aquifer’s characteristics. Particularly, it revealed that pumping have significant impact on the resource. To sum up, rainfall deficits combined with growing pumping endanger the resource. Hence, sustainable management of the resource should be a critical issue to pay attention to