Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Basso model'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Basso model.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Rebelo, Helene Albuquerque. "Uma comparação entre a PPP e o enfoque da produtividade na taxa de câmbio de longo prazo." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2014. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/636.
Full textFundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa
The dissertation examines the behavior of the exchange rate in the long term from the perspective of the classical model of purchasing power parity theory (PPP), developed empirically by Cassel and the alternative model proposed by Basso originating from the Marxist benchmark, which emphasizes prices and productivities to determine the exchange rate. The exchange rate behavior is examined for three countries over the 1977-2006 period, with annual frequency. To test the models, it was used the consumer price index (CPI), the GDP, the value-added price index and gross producer price index (EU KLEMS database). The essay uses the causality tests of Johansen, the Dickey-Fuller and Phillips-Perron unit root tests, the VAR (vector autoregression) and VEC (vector error correction) models and performing a projection with the Model Confidence Set. It is ascertained that PPP was not supported for any of the 12 models generated. In Basso s approach, the 48 models generated, cointegration was found in only four models, therefore it is not possible to generalize the new model.
A dissertação examina o comportamento da taxa de câmbio no longo prazo sobre a perspectiva do modelo clássico da paridade do poder de compra (PPC) ou purchasing power parity theory (PPP), desenvolvido empiricamente por Cassel e do modelo alternativo proposto por Basso oriundo do referencial marxista, enfatizando preços e produtividades para determinar a taxa de câmbio. Examina-se o comportamento da taxa de câmbio para três países no período de 1977 a 2006, com frequência anual. Para testar os modelos, foram empregados o índice de preço ao consumidor (IPC), o deflator do PIB, o deflator dos valores agregados e o deflator de produção total (base de dados EU KLEMS). O trabalho utiliza o teste de causalidade de Johansen, os testes de raiz unitária de Dickey e Fuller e Phillips-Perron, os modelos de VAR (vetores autorregressivos) e VEC (vetores autorregressivos com correção de erro) e é feito projeção com Model Confidence Set. Constata-se que a PPP não foi corroborada para nenhum dos 12 modelos gerados. Na abordagem de Basso, dos 48 modelos gerados, encontrou-se cointegração apenas em quatro, portanto, não é possível generalizar o novo modelo.
Bassi, Cristian [Verfasser]. "Integrable sigma models from affine Gaudin models / Cristian Bassi." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg Carl von Ossietzky, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1237050480/34.
Full textLöfberg, Jezper, and Albin Lindström. "Modelling the adoption of SPACs with Bass’ diffusion model." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för utbildning, kultur och kommunikation, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-54577.
Full textSanejouand, Yves-Henri. "Les modes normaux de basse fréquence des protéines." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00258781.
Full textCognault, Aurore. "Caractérisation de SER Basse Fréquence et Modes Caractéristiques." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00453298.
Full textCognault, Aurore Magoulès Frédéric. "Caractérisation de SER Basse Fréquence et Modes Caractéristiques." S. l. : S. n, 2009. http://theses.abes.fr/2009ECAP0016.
Full textShoemaker, Michael H. "A Bass Diffusion Model Analysis: Understanding Alternative Fuel Vehicle Sales." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/399.
Full textShen, Yingzhen. "Forecasting Twitter topic popularity using bass diffusion model and machine learning." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99575.
Full textCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 91-93).
Today social network websites like Twitter are important information sources for a company's marketing, logistics and supply chain. Sometimes a topic about a product will "explode" at a "peak day," suddenly being talked about by a large number of users. Predicting the diffusion process of a Twitter topic is meaningful for a company to forecast demand, and plan ahead to dispatch its products. In this study, we collected Twitter data on 220 topics, covering a wide range of fields. And we created 12 features for each topic at each time stage, e.g. number of tweets mentioning this topic per hour, number of followers of users already mentioning this topic, and percentage of root tweets among all tweets. The task in this study is to predict the total mention count within the whole time horizon, 180 days, as early and accurately as possible. To complete this task, we applied two models - fitting the curve denoting topic popularity (mention count curve) by Bass diffusion model; and using machine learning models including K-nearest-neighbor, linear regression, bagged tree, and ensemble to learn the topic popularity as a function of the features we created. The results of this study reveal that the Basic Bass model captures the underlying mechanism of the Twitter topic development process. And we can analogue Twitter topics' adoption to a new product's diffusion. Using only mention count, over the whole time horizon, the Bass model has much better predictive accuracy, compared to machine learning models with extra features. However, even with the best model (the Bass model) and focusing on the subset of topics with better predictability, predictive accuracy is still not good enough before the "explosion day." This is because "explosion" is usually triggered by news outside Twitter, and therefore is hard to predict without information outside Twitter.
by Yingzhen Shen.
S.M. in Transportation
Kulakovskis, Darius. "Balso kokybės vertinimo modulio „Asterisk" VoIP žinybinei stočiai kūrimas ir tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2014~D_20140611_081442-70060.
Full textIn this master thesis research of voice quality estimation system for Asterisk PBX was performed. SIP architecture was reviewed and voice quality estimation methods and tools were described. Scientific literature about voice quality estimation methods was reviewed. Voice quality estimation system was created by using “libpcap” library. The created system uses RTCP packets to estimate voice quality based on ITU-T E-model. Research of voice quality was performed by using the created system and the results were compared to PESQ algorithm results. Three most important parameters were considered during voice quality estimation - delay, packet loss and jitter. Research has confirmed that in most cases measurements performed with the created system can be considered reliable voice quality parameters. Structure consists of 7 chapters: introduction and task analysis, review of SIP architecture, review of voice quality estimation methods and tools, voice quality estimation system, research of voice quality by using the created system, summary of thesis results, references.
Ohene-Asah, Ayeh. "An application of the Bass diffusion model to border security and illegal immigration /." Online version of thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10848.
Full textCafaggi, Sara. "Ricostruzione della morfologia mediante processo fotogrammetrico da volo a bassa quota con low cost UAV." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.
Find full textXiao, Xiang, and Wenbin Zhang. "The Study of Battery Electric Vehicle DiffusionConsidering Technology Development Impact : A model based study of Swedish market." Thesis, KTH, Hållbarhet och industriell dynamik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-189505.
Full textBatteridrivna elektriska fordon(BEV) som ett miljövänligt transportalternativ redan har dykt upp, liksom försvunnit från marknaden två gånger. Det har återinförts tillsammans med den ökande oron för miljöfrågan. Denna nya diffusion är omgiven av dynamiska förändringar och osäkerheter. Men de flesta av dagens studier fokuserar på politiska, ekonomiska och infrastrukturella faktorer, men försummar faktorer relaterat till tekniken framför allt hur människor uppfattar det. Därför undersökte denna studie främst hur den tekniska utvecklingen påverkar spridningen av batteridrivna fordon.För att uppnå detta syfte, gjordes en modell baserad kring en studie av den svenska elbilsmarknaden. I forskningen anses kunderna vara målet målgruppen eftersom de är de som uppfattar tekniken och tar beslut om införandet direkt. För att veta förhållandet mellan dem, har kvalitativa och kvantitativa undersökningar genomförts. Empiriskt arbete inklusive intervjuer och undersökningen genomfördes genom tre olika aspekter för att undersöka kundernas behov och relaterad teknik. Undersökningen visar att miljövänlig prestanda är den viktigaste drivkraften som uppfattas av early adopters. Samtidigt har räckviddsproblematiken, totala ägandekostnaden och tillförlitlighet i säkerhet och teknologi identifierats som de tre kritiska problemen som tillbakahåller kunden från ett köpbeslut. En modifierad klassisk modell för innovationsspridning har föreslagits som används för att utvärdera teknikens uppfattning baserad på historiska data. Två BEV-relaterade teknologier valdes som exempel för att bevisa och illustrera förhållandet mellan teknikutveckling och elbilsdiffusion.Resultaten visade att BEV-relaterad teknologi, som har potential förmåga att ta itu med den kritiska efterfrågan från kunderna, kan påverka kundacceptans positivt genom giltig uppfattning av kunden. Om teknikutveckling och uppfattning beaktas, bör diffusionsprocessen påskyndas i viss utsträckning. Teknik som lättare kan uppfattas tenderar att ha mer genomslag i diffusionsprocessen.
Montier, Laurent. "Application de méthodes de réduction de modèles aux problèmes d'électromagnétisme basse fréquence." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ENAM0029/document.
Full textIn the electrical engineering field, numerical simulation allows to avoid experiments which can be expensive, difficult to carry out or harmful for the device. In this context, the Finite Element Method has become to be one of the most used approach since it allows to obtain precise results on devices with complex geometries. However, these simulations can be computationally expensive because of a large number of unknowns and time-steps, and of strong nonlinearities of ferromagnetic materials to take into account. Numerical techniques to reduce the computational effort are thus needed. In this context, model order reduction approaches seem well adapted to this kind of problem since they have already been successfully applied to many engineering fields, among others, fluid and solid mechanics. A first class of methods allows to seek the solution in a reduced basis, allowing to dramatically reduce the number of unknowns of the numerical model. The most famous technics are probably the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition, the Proper Generalized Decomposition and the Arnoldi Projection. The second class of approaches consists of methods allowing to reduce the computational cost associated to nonlinearities, using interpolation methods like the Empirical Interpolation Method and the Gappy POD. This Ph.D. has been done within the LAMEL, the joint laboratory between the L2EP and EDF R&D, in order to identify and implement the model order reduction methods which are the most adapted to electrical engineering models. These methods are expected to reduce the computational cost while taking into account the motion of an electrical machine rotor, the nonlinearities of the ferromagnetic materials and also the mechanical and electrical environment of the device. Finally, an error indicator which evaluates the error introduced by the reduction technic has been developed, in order to guarantee the accuracy of the results obtained with the reduced model
Al, Majzoub Al Sabbagh Maryam. "Vibrations polaires de basse fréquence de composés ferroélectriques et relation avec leurs propriétés diélectriques géantes : relaxeurs et nanocéramiques." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT253.
Full textMaterials that exhibit giant dielectric properties have received a huge amount of attention from the scientific and industrial communities due to their potentialities and applications in technological devices, in particular for microelectronic applications. In this work, we are interested in studying the vibrational properties of a prototypical relaxor single crystal, PbMg1/3Nb2/3O3 (PMN), as well as nanoceramics of SrTiO3 (STO) with controlled grain sizes. The experiments have been mostly performed by hyper-Raman scattering (HRS), an original non-linear inelastic light scattering spectroscopy. Special attention was devoted to low frequency vibrations, and structural models were developed to relate the vibrational signatures to the giant dielectric responses of these systems.HRS spectroscopy was pushed towards its limit and provided a comprehensive picture of the polarization dynamics of PMN in the THz-range within the whole temperature sequence of its characteristic relaxor states. The widespread hypothesis of two paraelectric soft modes is convincingly excluded. The observation of the split ferroelectric mode reveals the local anisotropy below about 400 K. In contrast, the spectral anomalies observed at higher temperatures are explained as due to avoided crossing of the primary polar soft mode with a temperature-independent, non-polar spectral feature. The temperature changes of the vibrational modes involved in the measured fluctuation spectra of PMN were captured in a simple model that accounts for the temperature dependence of the dielectric permittivity as well.On the other hand, HRS experiments were carried-out on STO single crystal and nano-ceramics of different grain sizes, 80nm and 150nm. Contrary to IR-absorption which gives an effective spectral response of the core and the shell(s) constituting the grains, we show that hyper-Raman provides information of the individual core and shell responses. The spectral analysis reveals that except from their volume, the grains in the two ceramics exhibit very similar structures and properties: same value and temperature dependence of the shell thickness surrounding the core, and same dielectric response of the core as well as of the shell in the two samples. Structural models relating the vibrational properties to the effective dielectric permittivity were developed, and confirm that in STO the grains are composed by one core and two surrounding shells. We demonstrate that between 150 nm and 80 nm the decrease of the effective dielectric permittivity with grain size relates mostly to a change in core and shell volume fraction
Bosc, Pierre-Marie. "Organisations paysannes et ressources renouvelables en basse casamance. Les modes de coordination entre acteurs." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENSA0005.
Full textSoussi, Chaima. "Développement de modèles numériques pour l'évaluation des performances vibro-acoustiques de fenêtres en basse fréquence." Thesis, Paris, HESAM, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020HESAC014.
Full textThis doctoral thesis focuses on the numerical prediction of the sound transmission of insulating double glazing and wooden windows in the low frequency range. In this context, the finite element method is used to solve the multiphysical problem. This choice is justified by the fact that this approach is suitable for the resolution of fluid-structure interaction problems in low frequencies, due in particular to its flexibility in taking into account the coupling between domains and the geometrical and material complexities of the structures. To reach the desired objective, experimental modal analyses of the main components of a window, and then of a complete window, are performed in order to calibrate the numerical models. In addition, the effect of experimental conditions on the measurement of the sound transmission loss is analysed through the definition of four numerical configurations of the acoustic laboratory test. These configurations, whose difference is linked to the representation of the emitting and receiving chambers, allow to highlight their influence on the determination of the transmission loss below the Shroeder frequency. The numerical results, obtained with a free-field configuration for double glazing and windows, are compared to experimental results to evaluate the efficiency and validity of the developed models. Finally, parametric studies are carried out to investigate the influence on the sound transmission loss of some parameters such as (i) the properties of the glazing or sealing system, (ii) the characteristics of the inter-glazing cavity, and (iii) the boundary conditions
Kapikranyan, Oleksandr. "Influence du désordre sur le comportement à basse température de modèles de spins de symétrie continue." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NAN10017/document.
Full textThe thesis presents a study of the two-dimensional XY model exposed to such realistic conditions as the presence of lattice imperfections (nonmagnetic impurities) and lattice finiteness. Both features are typical for experimentally accessible magnetic materials and ask for theoretical description. We also have explored the low-temperature behaviour of a finite two-dimensional Heisenberg model and found behaviour similar to that of the 2D XY model. We have used both analytical and computer experiment approaches to tackle the problem. The essential output of the work consists of: (a) estimation of the non-universal exponent of the power law decay of the pair correlation function of a diluted 2D XY model at low temperature as a function of dilution, analytically in the spin-wave approximation, and in the Monte Carlo simulations using the Wolff algorithm; (b) analytical estimation of the corresponding exponent of the 2D Heisenberg model in the low-temperature limit for the finite lattice size and its comparison to the Monte Carlo simulations; (c) evaluation of the form of interaction between nonmagnetic impurities and topological defects within the Villain model as well as in the Kosterlitz-Thouless model, and analytical prediction of the critical temperature reduction made on the basis of this interaction; (d) Monte Carlo investigation of the form of the residual magnetization probability distribution in a finite system in presence of nonmagnetic disorder (dilution). We found all our analytical predictions in quite well agreement with the Monte Carlo simulation results as well as with other researches of the similar problems
Illig, Serena. "Variabilité basse fréquence de l'Atlantique Tropical:Rôle de la dynamique océanique équatoriale et Influence d'El Niño Southern Oscillation." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260664.
Full textStephan, Jean-Marie. "Intrication dans des systèmes quantiques à basse dimension." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112308.
Full textIn recent years, it has been understood that entanglement measures can be useful tools for the understanding and characterization of new and exotic phases of matter, especially when the study of order parameters alone proves insufficient. This thesis is devoted to the study of a few low-dimensional quantum systems where this is the case. Among these measures, the entanglement entropy, defined through a bipartition of the quantum system, has been perhaps one of the most heavily studied, especially in one dimension. Such a quantity is usually very difficult to compute in dimension larger than one, but we show that for a particular class of wave functions, named after Rokhsar and Kivelson, the entanglement entropy of an infinite cylinder cut into two parts simplifies considerably. It can be expressed as the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution resulting from the ground-state wave function of a one-dimensional quantum system. This dimensional reduction allows for a detailed numerical study (free fermion, exact diagonalizations, \ldots) as well as an analytic treatment, using conformal field theory (CFT) techniques. We also argue that this approach can give an easy access to some refined universal features of a given wave function in general.Another part of this thesis deals with the study of local quantum quenches in one-dimensional critical systems. The emphasis is put on the Loschmidt echo, the overlap between the wave function before the quench and the wave function at time t after the quench. Because of the commensurability of the CFT spectrum, the time evolution turns out to be periodic, and can be obtained analytically in various cases. Inspired by these results, we also study the zero-frequency contribution to the Loschmidt echo after such a quench. It can be expressed as a simple overlap -- which we name bipartite fidelity -- and can be studied in its own right. We show that despite its simple definition, it mimics the behavior of the entanglement entropy very well. In particular when the one-dimensional system is critical, this fidelity decays algebraically with the system size, reminiscent of Anderson's celebrated orthogonality catastrophe. The exponent is universal and related to the central charge of the underlying CFT
Klein, Amélie. "Analyse du profil vertical de l'ozone dans la basse troposphère à Paris." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2018. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2018SORUS192.pdf.
Full textSurface ozone measurements are not sufficient to understand the mechanisms of ozone formation in the lower troposphere. In this study, we have used instruments from the QUALAIR station, located in Paris center, that can measure vertical profiles of ozone, atmospheric dynamics parameters, and integrated contents of NO2 in the lowermost troposphere. First, a statistical analysis, using four years of ground based ozone LIDAR measurements (2011-2014), is done to understand the mechanisms responsible for the vertical gradient and the seasonal cycle of ozone in Paris. Then, in order to better assess the influence of transport on the spatial and temporal evolution of ozone, we focus on the results obtained from an instrumental campaign, organized in Paris, and during which continuous measurements of ozone, wind and turbulence in the atmospheric boundary layer were performed. The results show the impact of the entrainment of the residual layer into the mixed layer on the surface ozone variability in the morning at the local scale. A Lagrangian particle dispersion model (FLEXPART-WRF) is used to better assess the impact of the nocturnal transport of a clean ozone layer via nocturnal low level jets from Paris on the surface ozone evolution at the regional scale. Finally, a one dimensional chemical transport model (PACT 1D) is used to quantify the influence of vertical transport versus photochemistry on the evolution of boundary layer ozone during daytime
Jacobs, Carolyn. "Etude du rayonnement d'un écoulement hypersonique à basse densité." Phd thesis, Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00677439.
Full textYang, Yao-Hua. "Croissance du silicium polycristallin à basse température assistée par laser excimère : caractérisation in-situ par ellipsométrie." Grenoble INPG, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987INPG0139.
Full textFayolle, Gérard. "Conceptions et applications de circuits à mémoire de courant basse tension." Grenoble 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10151.
Full textBidouche, Badr-El-Boudour. "Étude et réalisation d’une machine asynchrone basse vitesse à réducteur magnétique intégré." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0228.
Full textWe propose in this work to study a wound rotor induction motor integrating a magnetic gear which constitutes the MaGIM " Magnetically Geared Induction Machines ". The aim is to improve the reliability and the performances of the classical system associating an induction machine (MAS) with a mechanical reducer (mill, crusher...), the machine being fed directly by the network. Therefore, we designed a MaGIM prototype of 1 kW - 45 rpm operating on the grid at 400 V/50 Hz using analytical and numerical calculation tools to predict the electromagnetic performances of the device. In the first chapter, we present a state of the art of the different magnetic gears studied from the 20th century to the present day. The different structures and topologies studied are listed. Given its complexity, we have modelled the induction machine and the magnetic gear separately, in chapter II. A theoretical model of the machine taking into account the electromagnetic and thermal aspects has been developed in order to obtain an acceptable design according to precise specifications. We have presented the electromagnetic performance of the system obtained as well as the thermal calculations carried out using a nodal method. The transient operation of the machine by establishing an analytical model including the mechanical equations of the induction machine and the magnetic gear was presented in chapter III. This model allowed us to determine the performance of the MaGIM during a direct start on the network. We have seen that the MaGIM can start on the mains under full voltage and that this starting is strongly dependent on the moment of inertia Jl. This study allowed us to highlight the stall phenomenon of the MaGIM and the particularity of magnetic gears to protect themselves against overloads. In the last chapter, we presented the realization of the 1 kW prototype, operating on the 400 V/ 50 Hz network and delivering 210 Nm output at about 50 rpm. The prototype was produced in the mechanical workshop of VEDECOM - Mobilab. Experimental tests were carried out at the end of the realization in order to compare them with the theoretical results and also to validate the concept of the MaGIM
Binot, Ferréol. "Modélisation et estimation de paramètres des réseaux de distribution basse tension." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPAST024.
Full textThe development of new uses, driven by energy transition requirements, mainly on low-voltage (LV) networks, requires the development of more innovative tools for network management and planning. The development of these new tools requires a very good knowledge of the actual state and parameters of LV networks. The work of this thesis focuses on the development of state (SE) and parameter (PE) estimation algorithms dedicated to LV networks.To carry out the development of these algorithms, we have improved the characterization and modelling of LV cables by taking into account the impact of external parameters on the impedance matrix and the voltage profile. This model uses the 4×4 impedance matrix and takes into account the earthing resistances. This study will serve as a building block for both algorithms.The SE algorithm is based on the WLS algorithm and the augmented matrix method. For its development, we have adapted its quantities by taking into account the particularities of LV networks. This algorithm allows to obtain an increased accuracy of the network voltage profile (including the neutral to earth voltage) and gives accurate results even in case of errors or suppressed measurements. The algorithm will improve the operation of LV networks. The PE algorithm, which is based on the augmented vector algorithm, estimates both the lengths of the links and also directly the external conditions (conductor temperature). Thus, this algorithm corrects the data present in geographical information systems and gives a perfect knowledge of the network topology. The planning and operation of LV networks will be easier even with the development of new uses
Sourovtsev, Nikolay. "Modes de relaxation et de vibration basse fréquence dans les polymères vitreux : étude par diffusion Raman." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10105.
Full textAumont, Bernard. "Modelisation de la chimie de la basse troposphere continentale developpement et tests d'un modele chimique condense." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA077005.
Full textNouvelière, Lydie. "Commandes robustes appliquées au contrôle assisté d'un véhicule à basse vitesse." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS0023.
Full textThis work deals with low speed automated vehicles. The peri-urban traffic congestion daily represents a real problem for the drivers because the travel time is strongly increased in spite of often short covered distances. Low speed automation then allows to homogenize the traffic while guaranteeing a shorter travel time and also contributes to the reduction of the driver's task. Safety and comfort are thus two main criteria. Congestion analysis is carried out in terms of inter-distance and speed of the vehicle. Measurements on the Parisian motorways were collected and inform about the way the driver manages the inter-vehicular distance and time according to the speed. A parametric model of the inter-distance is developed, the parameters being estimated by a Kalman filtering procedure. The interest is then to generate realistic desired inputs for vehicle control. From vehicle model (models for analysis and synthesis of control laws for a multi-field approach : automatic and transport), robust non-linear control laws are synthesized (1 and 2-order sliding mode control, optimal control) and are adapted to the road vehicle. Simulations permit to determinate the results obtained with such systems, for an autonomous or co-operative control, for individual control or platooning. The use of a technique of gain scheduling associated with a loop-shaping procedure based Hinfini method allows lateral control of vehicle at different speeds, in lane change or lane keeping aneuvers. Finally, an equipped vehicle for a shared control between driver and automat permits to test several scénarii of longitudinal control at low speed. They were validated in real time during the IEEE Intelligent Vehicle IV2002 congress (low speed car-following, stop and go, stop on obstacles. . . )
Simon-Muela, Adan. "Architectures de convertisseurs DC/DC basse tension et fort courant avec commande numérique." Toulouse 3, 2008. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/375/.
Full textThe power consumption of embedded microprocessors has significantly increased due to the considerable number of new functions which they should manage currently. Furthermore, the present reduction of the lithographical dimensions and the augment of the number of transistor and their switching frequency are new constraints to consider from the point of view of power supply requirements. Thus, current generation of microprocessors needs considerable supply currents with very low voltages (around 1V). Moreover, the required slew-rates are also important (500A/µs). Then, to achieve these strict power supply levels, the main design trend is to place the power converter as close as possible to the load to minimize the transmission losses and to optimize the power matching. This concept is know as Point-of-Load converters which allows designers to obtain distributed power supply architectures using one or more intermediate common voltage bus supplying several ICs. The aim of this dissertation is to study these DC/DC PoL converters and their association to increase the current supply levels delivered to the charge. Hence, our PoL converters are mainly based on those used as voltage regulators modules (VRMs) owning high-current, low-voltage and high switching frequency. These VRMs serves as power supply systems oriented to embedded microprocessors like those we can find inside PC motherboards. Referring VRMs, interleaved or multiphase architectures are preferred to achieve these strict supply powers. Traditionally, this kind of power supplies owns analog control. However, new microprocessors generation demands faster performances and more accurate and tight regulations. Thus, the present trend is to replace the classical analog control by a digital control system more flexible and performing likewise. Then, this dissertation takes part in the LISPA regional project where the LAAS and Freescale Semiconductor collaborate to develop new power supply systems for embedded power microprocessors
Astargo, Quiroz Sebastián Enrique. "Estudio del proceso de adopción de nuevas opciones financieras y sus retornos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2017. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/144604.
Full textLa dinámica de los procesos de adopción de innovaciones financieras ha sido de interés durante los últimos años ya que cada vez aparecen nuevos instrumentos que buscan aportar alternativas de inversión o protección al mercado. El presente trabajo busca caracterizar, a través del modelo de Bass, el proceso de adopción de nuevas opciones financieras, cuando por primera vez una acción es elegible como subyacente de dichas opciones, y ver qué aspectos del subyacente pueden dar indicios sobre este comportamiento a futuro, buscando un grado de predictibilidad. Es así como se encuentra que tanto calls como puts son adoptadas en el mercado en forma similar, mientas que pasa el tiempo las puts se adoptan más rápido, pero las calls prometen llegar a mayores niveles de transacción y liquidez. Además, se encuentra que se llegará a mayor liquidez de nuevas opciones o que tendrán un crecimiento más rápido, vista desde el dollar volume, a través de stocks con mayores dollar volume tanto de largo plazo como corto plazo, aunque con mayor crecimiento de ésta en el corto plazo, y además con mayor volatilidad histórica. Mientras que sería conveniente evitar stocks con alto dollar volume y ratio bid-ask en el largo plazo, pero bajo en el corto plazo, y también tener presente las condiciones de tasas de interés para decisiones al margen de comprar el stock, ya que adquirir calls sería una buena alternativa, y los índices de ventas cortas dado que es posible recrear una a través de opciones. Agregando a lo anterior, se estudiaron los retornos de estas nuevas opciones, encontrando que hay diferencias importantes entre los retornos de opciones recién introducidas al mercado y aquellas que se tranzan desde al menos ya 3 años, mientras que tienen un mismo perfil de riesgo y que según la teoría deberían tener los mismos retornos, además se probó para distintos portafolios, lo que daría evidencia de que nuevas opciones recargan algún riesgo adicional en sus retornos.
Raoul, Jérôme. "Utilisation d'un panel SNPs très basse densité dans les populations en sélection de petits ruminants." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017INPT0128/document.
Full textBreeding programs aim to transfer high genetic value breeding stock to the industry. The knowledge of molecular markers of individual’s genome and causal mutations allow to conceive new breeding program designs. Based on deterministic and stochastic simulations, the technical and economic benefits of using a very low density molecular markers panel were assessed in sheep and goat populations. Following results were obtained: i) using such a panel to increase female paternal filiations in case of incomplete pedigree is not always profitable, ii) a method of optimization has been used to derive the maximal profits of managing ovulation genes, and practical management giving profits close to the maximal profits have been determined, iii) at similar cost, a genomic design based on a very low density panel is more efficient than the current design based on progeny testing
Kezibri, Nouaamane. "Etude dynamique du procédé de production de méthane à partir d’hydrogène électrolytique basse température." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEM056/document.
Full textThe present work deals with the conceptual study and process design of a storage and recovery unit for renewable energy. The suggested concept is able to absorb the intermittency of the electrical production as a result of the flexibility of the chosen processes. During the storage phase, the unit uses a Proton Exchange Membrane electrolysis system to produce 200 MW of hydrogen, which will then be combined to carbon dioxide in a series of methanation reactors to generate up to 155 MW of Substitute Natural Gas. The recovery phase is carried out in a 480 MW oxy-combustion cycle which is not only able to restore the electrical energy but also provides the required carbon dioxide for the methanation process. The conducted steady state evaluation as well as the sensitivity analysis for the studied plant showed that the overall efficiency on HHV basis can reach up to 69.3% for the electrolysis process, 82.2% for the methanation process and 51.8% for the oxy-combustion cycle. The follow-up unsteady state analysis of the Power-to-Gas process aimed to identify the necessary control strategies adapted to operating conditions variation over time. Such strategies should enable the system to cover a wider load range and subsequently absorb more electrical power. It was found that, by making the right adjustments, the production of synthetic methane can be fulfilled at ranges between 48% and 100% of the nominal power without any external energy requirement. A case study was carried out where the unit was coupled with a 300 MW wind to assess the performance of the Power-to-Gas process under fluctuating electrical source conditions
Revelant, Alberto. "Modélisation, simulation et caractérisation de dispositifs TFET pour l'électronique à basse puissance." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT022.
Full textIn the last years a significant effort has been spent by the microelectronic industry to reducethe chip power consumption of the electronic systems since the latter is becoming a majorlimitation to CMOS technology scaling.Many strategies can be adopted to reduce the power consumption. They range from thesystem to the electron device level. In the last years Tunnel Field Effect Transistors (TFET)have imposed as possible candidate devices for replacing the convential MOSFET in ultra lowpower application at supply voltages VDD < 0.5V. TFET operation is based on a Band-to-BandTunneling (BtBT) mechanism of carrier injection in the channel and they represent a disruptiverevolutionary device concept.This thesis investigates TFET modeling and simulation, a very challenging topic becauseof the difficulties in modeling BtBT accurately. We present a modified Multi Subband MonteCarlo (MSMC) that has been adapted for the simulation of Planar Ultra Thin Body (UTB)Fully Depleted Semiconductor on Insulator (FD-ScOI) homo- and hetero-junction TFET implementedwith arbitrary semiconductor materials. The model accounts for carrier quantizationwith a heuristic but accurate quantum correction validated by means of comparison with fullquantum model and experimental results.The MSMC model has been used to simulate and assess the performance of idealized homoandhetero-junction TFETs implemented in Si, SiGe alloys or InGaAs compounds.In the second part of the thesis we discuss the characterization of TFETs at low temperature.Si and SiGe homo- and hetero-junction TFETs fabricated by CEA-LETI (Grenoble,France) are considered with the objective to identify the possible presence of alternative injectionmechanisms such as Trap Assisted Tunneling
Negli ultimi anni uno sforzo significativo `e stato speso dall’industria microelettronica per ridurreil consumo di potenza da parte dei sistemi microelettronici. Esso infatti sta diventando unadelle limitazioni pi`u significative per lo scaling geometrico della tecnologia CMOS.Diverse strategie possono essere adottate per ridurre il consumo di potenza considerando ilsistema microelettronico nella sua totalit`a e scendendo fino a giungere all’ottimizzazione delsingolo dispositivo nano-elettronico. Negli ultimi anni il transistore Tunnel FET (TFET) si`e imposto come un possibile candidato per rimpiazzare, in applicazioni a consumo di potenzaestremamente basso con tensioni di alimentazione inferiori a 0.5V, i transistori convenzionaliMOSFET. Il funzionamento del TFET si basa sul meccanismo di iniezione purament quantisticodel Tunneling da banda a banda (BtBT) e che dovrebbe permettere una significativa riduzionedella potenza dissipata. Il BtBT nei dispositivi convenzionali `e un effetto parassita, nel TFETinvece esso `e utilizzato per poter ottenere significativi miglioramenti delle performance sottosogliae pertanto esso rappresenta una nuova concezione di dispositivo molto innovativa erivoluzionaria.Questa tesi analizza la modellizazione e la simulazione del TFET. Questi sono argomenti moltocomplessi vista la difficolt`a che si hanno nel modellare accuratamente il BtBT. In questo lavoroviene presentata una versione modificata del modello di trasporto Multi Subband Monte Carlo(MSMC) adattato per la simulazione di dispositivi TFET planari Ultra Thin Body Fully DepletedSilicon on Insulator (UTB FD-SOI), implementati con un canale composto da un unicosemiconduttore (omogiunzione) o con differenti materiali semiconduttori (eterogiunzione). Ilmodello proposto tiene il conto l’effetto di quantizzazione dovuto al confinamento dei portatoridi carica, con un’euristico ma accurato sistema di correzione. Tale modello `e stato poivalidato tramite una comparazione con altri modelli completamente quantistici e con risultatisperimentali.Superata la fase di validazione il modello MSMC `e utilizzato per simulare e verificare le performancedi dispositivi TFET implementati come omo o eterogiunzione in Silicio, leghe SiGe,o composti semiconduttori InGaAs.Nella seconda parte della tesi viene illustrato un lavoro di caratterizazione di TFET planari abassa temperatura (fino a 77K). Sono stati misurati dispositivi in Si e SiGe a omo o eterogiuzioneprodotti nella camera bianca del centro di ricerca francese CEA-LETI di Grenoble. Tramite talimisure `e stato possibile identificare la probabile presenza di meccanismi di iniezione alternativial BtBT come il Tunneling assistito da trappole (TAT) dimostrando come questo effetto `e,con ogni probabilit`a, la causa delle scarse performance in sottosoglia dei dispositivi TFETsperimentali a temperatura ambiente
Molina, Alessandra Eira Iague Sleiman. "Avaliação da utilização de um programa computadorizado para aplicação da escala de Basso, Beattie e Bresnahan (BBB) em ratos Wistar." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-19122012-101922/.
Full textThe BBB is an evaluation scale in the locomotor recovery in rats presenting thoracic medullar injury. It is based on observation criteria of animal movement while walking, and a provides a score ranging from 0 to 21 according to the severity of the neurological injury. The lower the score, the higher the severity. Such scale can be applied by using a free system of analysis, that is, when the researcher observes the rat and gives a score. The evaluation can also be made in an assisted way, where the researcher follows a series of pre-established questions and then gives a score,or in an automated manner, where the answers to the same sequence of questions are provided to a computer program, which provides a score with the degree of injury. Published research shows that there is a interobserver variation in the scale application The objective of the present study was to evaluate the use of a computer program for helping researchers in the scoring by the BBB scale, and comparing these grades obtained when they are making a free evaluation, in an assisted evaluation and while using a computer program. In order to test the program, a standardized spinal cord injury was performed in 12 Wistar rats in accordance with the methodology proposed by the New York University - Impactor System. Then, the rat movements were filmed on the 28th day, so that the Basso, Bettie and Bresnahan scale could be applied. Eight researchers working in the spinal cord injury laboratory in the University of São Paulo were invited for the study. Two heads of the laboratory, with a fifteen year-experience in the usage and application of the scale, were considered to be gold standard in the evaluation. Six researchers were shown the films and asked to apply the BBB scale by the three methodologies: free, assisted and computerized, with a fifteen-day interval between evaluations. The scale application order was randomized among the researchers as well as the order of the rats in the film analysis so as to avoid memorization on the part of the researchers. Results proved to be similar between researchers and methods. The comparison of results among the six researchers and the gold standard ones showed discrepancies in two of the researchers in the free and assisted methods of analysis. It was concluded that the BBB scale evaluated through the computer method was no different than the gold standard for all the researchers. When the analysis was performed using the free, assisted and computer-assisted methods, no difference was observed in relation to the gold standard considering the mean values in each method
Conan, Ewen. "Traitements adaptés aux antennes linéaires horizontales pour la discrimination en immersion de sources Ultra Basse Fréquence." Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0016/document.
Full textThis work focuses on acoustic source depth discrimination in the ultra-low frequency range (ULF, 0-500 Hz), using a horizontal line array. Depth discrimination is a binary classification problem, aiming to evaluate whether a received signal has been emitted by a source near the surface or by a submerged one. This could serve applications such as anti-submarine warfare or marine biology.The acoustic field generated by a ULF source can be described as a sum of modes, which properties depend on environment and source location. This modal propagation leads to modal dispersion: the different modes propagate at different velocities. This forbid the use of classical beamforming schemes. However, the horizontal array can be used as a spatial filter to estimate the properties of the modes: this is modal filtering. With a sufficient array length, modes are resolved, and the filtered modes can be used to localise the source using matched-mode processing. If the array is too short, the poorly-filtered modes cannot be used for localisation. Therefore, we are looking for a less precise but more robust information on source location, which leads to source depth discrimination.In this work, the poorly-filtered modes are used to decide whether the source is near the surface or submerged. Because some of the modes (the "trapped modes") are weakly excited by a surface source, we propose this decision relies on the estimation of the trapped energy ratio, i.e. the ratio of acoustic energy borne by trapped modes to the total acoustic energy. The problem of depth discrimination is then formulated as a binary hypothesis test on source depth. This physical formulation allows using Monte-Carlo methods and simulations to predict performance in a given context. This enables comparison between several estimators of the trapped energy ratio and the choice of a relevant threshold which this ratio is compared to in order to decide between the two hypotheses. The approach developped in the manuscript is validated by its application to marine experimental data. The results are consistent with the conclusions drawn from simulations. The proposed method enables the succesfull identification of both a surface source (the noise of a travelling ship) and a submerged source (a ULF source towed 30 m below the surface), using a 360-m horizontal array
Grenier, Béatrice. "Etude des effets d'impuretes dans un systeme modele de basse dimensionnalite : le compose spin-peierls cugeo#3." Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112382.
Full textRandall, Jefferey. "The Analysis of Seasonally Varying Flow in a Crystalline Rock Watershed Using an Integrated Surface Water and Groundwater Model." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/852.
Full textThe Bass Lake watershed is located in the Muskoka district of Ontario, within a crystalline rock environment consistent with typical Canadian Shield settings. Numerous data collection programs and methods were used to compile environmental and field-scale datasets. The integrated surface water-groundwater model, HydroGeoSphere (Therrien et al. , 2005), was used for all Bass Lake watershed simulation models.
Simulation results were compared to expected trends and observed field data. The groundwater heads and flow vector fields show groundwater movement in expected directions with reasonable flow velocities. The subsurface saturation levels behave as expected, confirming the evapotranspiration component is withdrawing groundwater during plant transpiration. The surface water depths and locations of water accumulation are consistent with known and collected field data. The surface waters flow in expected directions at reasonable flow speeds. Simulated Bass Lake surface elevations were compared to observed surface water elevations. Low overland friction values produced the most accurate Bass Lake elevations, with high overland friction values slightly overestimating the Bass Lake water level throughout the simulation period. Fluid exchange between surface water and groundwater domains was consistent with expected flux rates. The integrated surface water-groundwater model HydroGeoSphere ultimately produced acceptable simulations of the Bass Lake model domain.
Illig, Séréna. "Variabilité basse fréquence de l'Atlantique tropical : rôle de la dynamique océanique équatoriale et influence d'El Nino southern oscillation." Toulouse 3, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260664.
Full textThe objectives of this thesis are to study the coupled interannual variability in the Tropical Atlantic associated to the linear dynamics and the teleconnections with the Tropical Pacific El Niño variability. Our study suggest first that low-frequency wave dynamics (Kelvin and Rossby waves propagation) is to a large extent at work in the Tropical Atlantic, and play a significant part in the ocean-atmosphere mechanisms that can lead to the Atlantic Equatorial mode. The results of coupled experiments show that peak in SST variability in the 1 to 3 year band, as observed in the Equatorial Atlantic, is partly due to the local air-sea interactions, whereas remote ENSO Pacific forcing controls the lower frequency variability (3-7 year). Our results point out the complexity of the Equatorial Atlantic ocean-atmosphere system which predictability depends on the Pacific ENSO conditions and/or the high-frequency atmospheric activity
Gawiec, Pierre. "Propriétés statiques et dynamiques des états de basse énergie d'un système de spins bidimensionnel anisotrope désordonné." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994GRE10206.
Full textMrabet, Brahim. "Influence des modes d'alimentation pseudo continu, sinusoïdal et pulsé sur le rayonnement d'une lampe mercure-argon basse pression." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30009.
Full textThe main purpose of the present work concerns the study of the influence of the current waveform on the « emitted radiation » by a low pressure mercury discharge lamp. Three types of power supplies are then used, a sinusoidal current at various frequencies, a current invertor delivering rectangular signals at variable duty cycle and frequency and a pulsed power supply allowing a variation of the width and amplitude of the impulse. The implemented experimental set-up performs photometric and radiometric measurements. It is composed mainly of a photometric cylinder, a spectrograph, a CCD camera, a detectors and a power supply. Such a supply offers the possibility of modifying the discharge’s operating conditions for the study the influence of the supply parameters on the radiation of lamp
Choubert, Jean-Marc. "Analyse et optimisation du traitement de l'azote par boues activées à basse température." Phd thesis, Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00001890.
Full textSimon, Muela Adan. "Architectures de convertisseurs DC/DC à fort courant, basse tension avec commande numérique." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00348195.
Full textKapikranian, Oleksandr. "Inuence du desordre sur le comportement a basse temperature de modeles de spins de symetrie continue a deux dimensions." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00374650.
Full textEser, Eren. "Modelling Mobile Telecommunications Services Forforecasting Purposes: A Cross-country Analysis." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614850/index.pdf.
Full textRENNANE, Abdelali. "Caracterisation et modelisation du bruit basse frequence des composants bipolaires et a effet de champ pour applications micro-ondes." Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009299.
Full textValentian, Alexandre. "Etude de la technologie SOI partiellement désertée à très basse tension pour minimiser l'énergie dissipée et application à des opérateurs de calcul." Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001293.
Full textVan, der Merwe Carmen. "An engineering approach to an integrated value proposition design framework." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96856.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: Numerous problems with product quality and time-to-market launches can be traced back to the management of the product lifecycle. This research assignment provides insight into how an integrated value proposition design framework can address these issues by shifting the focus of product lifecycle management from being product-centric to being customer-centric. This framework combines tools, methods and processes from a variety of disciplines such as Systems Engineering, Marketing, Project Management, and Financial Management. The application of the framework during the product lifecycle management process is that of a planning and communication tool to ensure integration between multifunctional teams to increase customer value proposition quality and decrease product time to market. This research assignment was implemented in a new product development case study within a leading Telecommunications company in South Africa.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die bestuur van ‘n produk se lewensiklus veroorsaak verskeie probleme wat gepaard gaan met die kwaliteit van produkte en die verlengde tydperk wat dit neem om produkte aan die mark bekend te stel. Hierdie navorsingswerk verduidelik hoe die geïntegreerde waarde-stelling raamwerk die probleme met betrekking tot die bestuur van produkte se lewensiklusse aanspreek. Die raamwerk verskuif die fokus van die bestuur van ‘n produk se lewensiklus, wat produk-gesentreerd is, na ‘n kliënt-gesentreerde fokus. Die raamwerk maak gebruik van tegnieke, metodes en prosesse verkry uit die dissiplines van Sisteem Ingenieurswese, Bemarking, Projek bestuur en Finansiële bestuur. Die toepassing van die raamwerk verbeter die bestuur van ‘n produk se lewensiklus deur beplanning en kommunikasie te fassiliteer tussen multi-funksionele spanne. Genoemde raamwerk bevorder die samewerking tussen multi-funksionele spanne, verbeter die waarde-stellings aan kliënte, verhoog die kwaliteit van produkte en verkort die tydperk van produk bekendstelling aan die mark. Bogenoemde navorsingswerk is geïmplementeer in ‘n vooraanstaande Telekommunikasie maatskapy in Suid-Afrika, op ‘n nuwe produkontwikkeling gevallestudie.
Amzil, Aboubakr. "Compréhension et modélisation des mécanismes et des effets de géométrie dans la partie basse de la transition ductile-fragile." Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM002.
Full textThe main goal of this thesis is to study the effect of temperature and geometry on the toughness of a ferritic steel in the lower part of the brittle to ductile transition zone. This work proposes to model the failure mechanisms observed in this zone using a local approach to failure. Although, according to experimental evidences, fracture in the transition zone results from a coupling between brittle and ductile fracture, the present thesis is mainly focused on the study of the lower part of the transition zone in which the fracture mechanism is mainly brittle. An experimental study of the material, a ferritic 18MND5 steel, is first proposed. An experimental database, consisting partially of existing tests was carried in order to have, at different temperatures, tests on uncracked specimens (TC and AE) mainly used for the study of elasto-plastic behaviour and tests on cracked specimens (CT and SENT) to study the fracture behaviour. A fractographic SEM study of the fracture surfaces allows, firstly, to describe the fracture mechanisms as a function of geometry and temperature and, secondly, to distinguish purely brittle specimens from specimens with ductile crack advance. Based on the results of the previous observations, plasticity and brittle fracture of the material are modelled. A new methodology for Weibull stress computation is proposed so as to ensure that it is correctly evaluated. Particularly, it is verified that Weibull computation is converged with respect to the mesh size. A procedure is proposed to filter out strong stress fluctuations. Cleavage is described using a modified version of Beremin's model which takes into account the effect of plastic strains on the Weibull stress. This formulation allows fitting, at a given temperature, of a unique set of parameters to model the fracture probabilities on different geometries (CT of different thicknesses and SENT). The fitted parameters are temperature dependent. In addition, the thesis also provided the opportunity to initiate the modeling of ductile failure in the transition. This includes the construction of a relevant experimental database which now covers the entire transition zone and the use of a non-local GTN type model which is fitted on axisymmetric notched bars. This work could constitute a starting point for future modelling of the coupling between ductile and brittle fracture in the transition
Vial, Jérôme. "Etude expérimentale et numérique des modes de déformation d'un explosif comprimé." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00965103.
Full textGoutaudier, Dimitri. "Méthode d'identification d'un impact appliqué sur une structure admettant des modes de vibration basse fréquence faiblement amortis et bien séparés." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1225/document.
Full textMany industrial structures operate in an environment with a high risk of collision. The detection of impacts and the assessment of their severity is a major preoccupation in Structural Health Monitoring. This work deals with the development of an impact identification technique that is applicable to a large composite structure, numerically robust and time efficient, and that requires a low number of sensors. The first step was to describe the image of the impact point in the vibration response as a modal participation vector. The idea was to introduce the existence of a discriminating modes familly to make a bijective link between the modal participations and the impact point. A least-squares procedure is developed to estimate those modal participations by measuring the vibration response of a single point on the structure. The second step was to extend the procedure to the identification of a parametric law representing the impact load history. Some conditions on measurement parameters and modal properties of the structure are identified to guarantee both the accuracy and the robustness of the procedure. The approach developed in this work is new regarding the state of the art: only one measurement point is considered for identifying an impact event. An experimental validation on an A350 crown panel indicates that the methodology is valid for large composite structures