Academic literature on the topic 'Basutoland'

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Journal articles on the topic "Basutoland"

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MASTER, SHARAD. "MAPPING BASUTOLAND: CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN GEOLOGISTS GORDON MURRAY STOCKLEY AND ALEXANDER LOGIE DU TOIT (1938–1946)." Earth Sciences History 41, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 363–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17704/1944-6187-41.2.363.

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ABSTRACT Basutoland is a former British Protectorate (now the Kingdom of Lesotho) nestled in the Maluti and Drakensberg mountains, surrounded by South Africa. Geological knowledge about Basutoland started with the activities of French missionaries in the 1830s and continued to accumulate throughout the nineteenth century. Systematic geological mapping began in 1902–1904 with the work of Ernest Schwarz and Alexander du Toit, who, while working for the Geological Commission of the Cape of Good Hope, extended their mapping activities into Basutoland. In 1905 Samuel Dornan from Morija started studying the geology of that region of Basutoland. In the 1930s rumours about the finds of diamonds prompted the British Government to map the country geologically. Gordon Stockley, a geologist experienced in mapping for the Geological Survey of Tanganyika, was seconded to Basutoland in late 1938. Stockley mapped the whole country in 11 months in 1939, and then returned to Tanganyika. His geological map, at a scale of 1:380,160 was published in 1946, and the report appeared in 1947. At the start of his mapping, Stockley wrote to du Toit asking his advice on various matters related to the geology, geomorphology and palaeontology of Basutoland. Their correspondence lasted until 1946. Stockley’s map and report on Basutoland geology laid the foundation for all future exploration and led to the discovery of several diamondiferous kimberlite pipes in the 1960s, and to the establishment of several diamond mines that contribute significantly to the economy of modern Lesotho.
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MASTER, S. "Henry Edward Richard Bright: a forgotten pioneer of the geological and palaeontological exploration of Lesotho in the 1870s." Archives of Natural History 35, no. 2 (October 2008): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0260954108000338.

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All existing accounts of the geology of Lesotho (formerly Basutoland), in southern Africa, refer to the pioneering efforts of the Revd S. S. Dornan, published between 1905 and 1908, as the first geological works in this country. However, one Henry Edward Richard Bright had already published two papers on Basutoland geology in the Cape monthly magazine, in 1873 and 1874. The first paper dealt with an uneconomic twelve-inch coal seam south of Maseru. It was accompanied by a sketch map and the first published geological cross-section through any part of Lesotho. In the second paper, dealing with the geology of Basutoland, Bright described the sedimentary strata and first fossil plants from western Basutoland, in rocks today assigned to the upper Karoo Supergroup. Bright erroneously assumed that the whole country was made up of these strata – being unaware of the existence of thick basaltic lava flows that occupied the mountainous high ground. He also recorded the oldest known earthquake from Lesotho (near Maseru, February 1873). Among his mineralogical finds was ilmenite, which we now know as occurring in kimberlitic intrusions. For his various discoveries, Bright deserves to be recognized as a pioneer in the geological and palaeontological exploration of Lesotho.
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Gocking, Roger. "Colonial rule and the ‘legal factor’ in Ghana and Lesotho." Africa 67, no. 1 (January 1997): 61–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1161270.

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This article compares and contrasts the development of the legal systems of two British colonies that occuped almost opposite ends of the colonial judicial continuum: what in colonial times were known as the Gold Coast and Basutoland. Both became British colonies in the late nineteenth century, but followed considerably different paths to that status. In the case of the Gold Coast it followed centuries of contact between Europeans and the coastal peoples in this area of West Africa. In the case of Basutoland incorporation into the European world was a nineteenth-century phenomenon and far more rapid. Nevertheless, at the turn of the century, as indirect rule became the officially accepted wisdom as to how colonial peoples should be ruled, administrators in both colonies sought to make the chiefly order an integral part of the colony's administration and award its chiefs judicial responsibilities. In the Gold Coast, however, chiefly courts remained in competition with a highly developed British-style Supreme Court. In Basutoland there were basically only chiefly courts until late in the colonial period, which applied Sesotho customary law that was written down as the Laws of Lerotholi in 1903. The two-tier judicial system of the Gold Coast allowed far more contestation and was far more flexible and responsive to social changes than was the case in Basutoland. Incremental changes over time meant that the judicial system evolved far more smoothly than in Basutoland. When in the latter colony changes did not come ‘from above’ in the 1940s, there was a serious outbreak of ‘medicine murders’ that many observers felt was directly related to the chiefs losing their judicial role. Also, the colony's high court ruled against the validity of the Laws of Lerotholi in the controversial ‘Regency case’. Apart from being a return to comparative analyses of the impact of colonial rule on former African colonies, much in vogue in the 1960s, this study is an attempt to modify the emphasis on ‘cleavage’ and the ‘coercive’ that has characterised historians' approach to the study of colonial law.
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Master, Sharad. "New information on the first vertebrate fossil discoveries from Lesotho in 1867." Archives of Natural History 46, no. 2 (October 2019): 230–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/anh.2019.0587.

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In the 1870s, Richard Owen of the British Museum received a consignment of vertebrate fossils from Basutoland (Lesotho), which were sent to him by Dr Hugh Exton from Bloemfontein, and he published an illustrated catalogue of these in 1876. In 1884, he described from this collection a “Triassic mammal”– Tritylodon longaevus (an important cynodont therapsid or mammal-like reptile). New information has been found concerning the discovery, locality, stratigraphic position and discoverers of the Basutoland vertebrate fossils. The information is contained in two letters sent to Dr Alexander Logie du Toit by David Draper, in 1929. Draper revealed in these letters that the fossils were found during a raiding party by horse commandos from the Orange Free State during the Basuto War of 1867. Draper then was an 18-year-old, and he had assisted Exton with collecting vertebrate fossils from the “Upper Red Beds” (of the Karoo Supergroup) at a site whose location he pointed out on a map (the present day Thaba Tso'eu). The discovery of fossils by Exton and Draper in 1867 was the first find of any fossils in Basutoland.
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Neele, Adriaan C. "The Reception of Edwards’s A History of the Work of Redemption in Nineteenth-century Basutoland." Journal of Religion in Africa 45, no. 1 (August 14, 2015): 68–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700666-12340036.

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A recently discovered manuscript by the French missionary Adolph Mabille (1836-1894) in the Morija Archives, Lesotho, remedies the lack of attention ofA History of the Work of Redemption(hwrhereafter), by Jonathan Edwards (1703-1758) in the nineteenth century. This manuscript found its way from colonial America to Africa through French missionary endeavors in relgious educational training (Paris) and teaching (Basutoland). Edwards’s original aim, and the subsequent publication of ‘outlines of a body of divinity’, converged in nineteenth-century France, where thehwrwas translated in the context ofLe Réveiland taught in the course of systematic theology at the Paris Evangelical Mission Society Mission house, exemplified by Mabille’sDogmatique. Moreover, the appropriation of Edwards’shwrin the combined context of missions and religious education was extended in Basutoland, as seen in theKatekisma. The outline of the catechism may be due to Mabille’s classical training and acquaintance with ‘universal chronology’ and Scripture, but it also reflected his intimate knowledge of Edwards’s work. The reception of Edwards’s exposition of redemptive history in the catechism of Basutoland thus resonates in part with Mabille’sDogmatique—a text transmission of Edwards’sHistoire. The transmission of this text remained the same in structure, was shortened in content and modified over time, but continued as intended by Edwards: to show ‘a work that God is carrying on from the fall of man to the end of the world’.
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Singh, M. "Basutoland: A Historical Journey into the Environment." Environment and History 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 31–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/096734000129342217.

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Lissoni, Arianna. "The PAC in Basutoland, c. 1962–1965." South African Historical Journal 62, no. 1 (March 2010): 54–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02582471003778326.

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Makgala, Christian John. "The Basutoland Congress Party in Exile: 1974–1986." African Historical Review 44, no. 2 (November 2012): 78–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17532523.2012.739750.

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MacKinnon, Aran S., Judith M. Kimble, and Helen Kimble. "Migrant Labour and Colonial Rule in Basutoland, 1890-1930." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 36, no. 2 (2002): 386. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4107221.

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Murray, Colin, and Peter Sanders. "Medicine Murder in Basutoland: Colonial Rule and Moral Crisis." Africa 70, no. 1 (February 2000): 49–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afr.2000.70.1.49.

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AbstractThis article analyses an acute moral crisis in the colonial administration of Basutoland in the late 1940s. It was provoked by a contagious rash of what became known as ‘medicine murders’, apparently perpetrated by senior chiefs. Two particular murders of this kind are examined in detail, as a result of which, in 1949, two very senior chiefs and some of their followers were hanged. This harshly dramatic episode brought into stark question the meaning of generations of the ‘civilising mission’, the fitness of the chiefs as leaders of the people, the moral integrity of the Basotho nation and the legitimacy both of colonial rule in general and of certain specific practices of the police. The political context of the murders is outlined, and the judicial process is dissected with special reference to the question of the validity of accomplice evidence.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Basutoland"

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King, Rachel. "Voluntary barbarians of the Maloti-Drakensberg." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5ee6c761-47f6-48df-9d52-bb392d98e4e2.

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This thesis presents an archaeological, historical, and ethnohistorical study of the nineteenth-century BaPhuthi, a peripatetic, horticulturist chiefdom with a political economy premised upon cattle raiding and active in southern Africa's Maloti-Drakensberg Mountains. The BaPhuthi appear as a valuable case study for exploring how 'tribes' and cultural identities (particularly when rooted in subsistence strategies) are historically and archaeologically constructed. Firstly, the thesis explores how eighteenth- and nineteenth-century sociocultural taxonomies were crafted by colonists and colonial subjects alike, with ethnonyms acting as ciphers for political and economic behaviours and locational traits rather than emic identifications. The BaPhuthi's choice to combine traits of hierarchical chiefdoms with pronounced mobility and heterodox, 'outlaw' activities (i.e. voluntarily becoming barbarians) confounded these taxa, as the BaPhuthi failed to conform to expectations of forager, farmer, chiefly, or 'savage' behaviour, rendering them historically marginal or invisible. The thesis thus employs a range of archival evidence to reconstruct BaPhuthi lifeways and historical trajectories. The BaPhuthi emerged and thrived in the borderlands between Moshoeshoe I's Basotho state, the eastern Cape Colony, and the Orange Free State: they exploited the ambiguities of colonial authority to build an extensive network of alliances premised upon cattle raiding, aided by their ability to turn the inhospitable terrain of the Maloti-Drakensberg to their advantage. This analysis illuminates the BaPhuthi as a culturally hybrid, ethnogenetic polity that attracted and discharged a disparate following as needed, while maintaining a degree of solidarity and chiefly hierarchy. The thesis details the BaPhuthi's peripatetic settlement strategy: BaPhuthi leaders established multiple dispersed political seats throughout their territories south of the Senqu River, which they would frequently activate and deactivate, enabling them to settle their heterogeneous following within their territories. The thesis then explores archaeological corollaries of BaPhuthi lifeways: historical analysis suggests that the BaPhuthi's archaeological footprint would be ephemeral (despite their polity's regional significance), and archaeological approaches to Iron Age Farming Communities (based in the historical identities described above) currently do not fully accommodate polities such as the BaPhuthi. The thesis discusses a methodology designed to address the archaeology of the BaPhuthi polity and its results. Considering how the BaPhuthi fashioned a diverse, heterodox chiefdom that manipulated the ambiguities of colonial rule encourages re-visiting prevailing conceptions of how cultural identities and economies are rooted in contingent historical circumstances; drawing on comparative cases from North and South America suggests revising longstanding views of the Maloti-Drakensberg as a marginal colonial theatre and re-positioning heterodox actors as capable of influencing the terms of colonial encounters.
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Kimble, J. M. "Migrant labour and colonial rule in Southern Africa : the case of colonial Basutoland, 1890-1930." Thesis, University of Essex, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356748.

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Liu, Esther Ruth. "The missionary translator : expanding notions of translation through the colonial mission practices of the SMEP Basutoland and Barotseland missions (1857-1904)." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2016. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/99638/.

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In this thesis the figure of the colonial Christian missionary is put forward as a translator - in terms of both interlingual translation (translation proper) and a more metaphorical and intercultural translation process (mission-translation). It takes the example of SMEP (Société des Missions Évangéliques de Paris) missionary, François Coillard (1834-1904), his wife, Christina, and indigenous missionaries such as Asser Sehahabane and Aaron Mayoro, and posits these historical individuals and their translation practices as sources which shed new light on current understandings of the nature of translation and the ontology of the translator. Through the discussion of the famous French protestant missionary, it deconstructs the (in)visibility binary in translation studies as well as the singularity of the translator, and puts forward a spectral collaborative translator-presence. From this point on, the thesis demonstrates that translation proper is an incarnational, bodily act which goes far beyond ink on a page. As it considers François’ wife, Christina Coillard née Mackintosh, and other female missionaries, it re-evaluates the site of the domestic as vital in translation, posits hospitality as a multidirectional facet of translation, and completion as the goal of translation. Indigenous missionary involvement then reveals translation to be made up of relationships of trust and of multiple movements. And Coillard’s photographs, seen as and in translation, demonstrate the many layers of context and significance at work in translation. Whilst colonial missionaries are overlooked translator-figures in studies of missiology, colonial history, and translation, in this thesis, a closer look at mission-translation reveals that these individuals are significant sources for the expansion of notions of both mission and translation.
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Zoldessy, Adam Vernon. "British Colonial policy and the South African frontier Basutoland, 1848-1870." 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/20149667.html.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1989.
Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 168-169).
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Books on the topic "Basutoland"

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William, Smith Edwin. The Mabilles of Basutoland. Morija, Lesotho: Morija Museum & Archives, 1996.

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Party, Basutoland Congress. Basutoland Congress Party: 1993 elections manifesto. Maseru, Lesotho: Basutoland Congress Party, 1992.

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Proud, Edward Wilfrid Baxby. The postal history of Basutoland & Bechuanaland Protectorate. Heathfield: Proud Bailey, 1996.

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Kimble, Judith M. Migrant labour and colonial rule in Basutoland, 1890-1930. Grahamstown, South Africa: Institute of Social and Economic Research, Rhodes University, 1999.

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Mphanya, Ntsukunyane. Re tla phela joang? Maseru: s.n., 2006.

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Mphanya, Ntsukunyane. A brief history of the Basutoland Congress Party, Lekhotla la Mahatammoho: 1952-2002. [Maseru?: s.n.], 2004.

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Party, Basutoland Congress. BCP election manifesto. [Maseru]: National Executive Committee, Basutoland Congress Party, 1998.

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Lekunutu, Molise G. Factors that account for the failure of the Basutoland Congress Party in the 1965 general elections. Roma: National University of Lesotho, 1985.

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Mokitimi, Meshu. A life lived in love, Meshu Mokitimi: How I remember my first 90 years. Maseru, Lesotho: Printed by Epic Printers, 2016.

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Smith, C. J. Green mountain doctor: Memories of a government medical officer in Basutoland in the nineteen sixties. Beaminster: Colin Smith, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Basutoland"

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Cole, Monica M. "Basutoland." In South Africa, 634–37. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003306702-50.

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Mountjoy, Alan B., and Clifford Embleton. "Basutoland and Swaziland." In Africa, 530–37. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032685700-56.

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Piknerová, Linda. "British colonial policy toward Bechuanaland, Basutoland, and Swaziland." In Colonialism on the Margins of Africa, 77–96. New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Routledge studies in the modern history of Africa: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351710534-8.

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McCulloch, Jock, and Pavla Miller. "Tuberculosis and Migrant Labour in the High Commission Territories: Basutoland and Swaziland: 1912–2005." In Mining Gold and Manufacturing Ignorance, 231–57. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8327-6_9.

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AbstractBasutoland came under British rule in the late nineteenth century. By the 1930s, the Territory’s transformation into a labour reserve for South Africa’s mines decimated its food production, impoverished its population and brought about a TB epidemic. The mines paid uneconomic wages and refused to pay compensation for occupational injury. In addition to those repatriated with tuberculosis or silicosis, the mines produced such a steady stream of sick and injured workers that mine accidents constituted the largest single cause of disability amongst men of working age.Swaziland was the smallest of the three protectorates. Land alienation to white settlers under British concessions meant that by the early 1930s, the territory produced only a fifth of its food needs. As in the other HCTs, tax collection and occupational lung disease posed serious problems. However, commercial agriculture and large deposits of asbestos generated local employment and foreign exchange and made Swaziland less dependent on migrant wages.In each of the HCTs, migrant workers faced even greater barriers in accessing compensation for occupational injury than black South Africans did. No circulars or instructions on the subject had been issued, miners were unaware of their rights, local officials did not understand the application process and travel to Johannesburg for medical examinations was not feasible for men who were dying. In all, the lack of medical capacity, the ongoing refusal to pay pensions to injured miners and the systematic failure to collect health statistics made the extent of the risk invisible. While the situation improved somewhat after independence, the mining industry continued to displace the burden of disability onto households and local communities.
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McCulloch, Jock, and Pavla Miller. "Tuberculosis and Migrant Labour in the High Commission Territories: Bechuanaland: 1885–1998." In Mining Gold and Manufacturing Ignorance, 197–229. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8327-6_8.

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AbstractBritain acquired the High Commission Territories (HCTs) of Bechuanaland, Basutoland and Swaziland largely as a result of conflict with the Boer Republics around the turn of the twentieth century. The Territories were poor, had dispersed rural populations and few natural resources. Britain administered the HCTs on the principle that expenditure should not exceed the revenue obtained through taxation and made little investment in basic services and infrastructure. Generating sufficient revenue was a constant problem. The HCTs were starved of funds for essential services, and they soon became dependent upon the revenue from contracting labour to the gold mines. Selling migrant labour, however, came at a cost. From as early as 1912, the annual medical reports from the three Territories suggested that the mines were spreading tuberculosis into vulnerable populations. Medical repatriations were one of the obvious costs of a system in which a physical elite travelled south and, having served their contracts, returned home seriously ill. This chapter examines the interplay between colonial taxation, oscillating migration to the gold mines, the poverty of local communities and the emergent TB epidemic in Bechuanaland. The imposition and subsequent lifting of the ban on the recruitment of tropical labour and continuing tensions over recruiting at local and governmental levels are then linked to the developments of the medical system and compensation regimes.
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"Interlude: Basutoland, 1916-17." In Robert Thorne Coryndon, 102–29. Wilfrid Laurier Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.51644/9780889205482-009.

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Colin, Murray, and Sanders Peter. "Basutoland: ‘A Very Prickly Hedgehog’." In Medicine Murder in Colonial Lesotho, 13–36. Edinburgh University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748622849.003.0001.

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"1 BASUTOLAND: 'A VERY PRICKLY HEDGEHOG'." In Medicine Murder in Colonial Lesotho, 13–36. Edinburgh University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781474471220-008.

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Schneider, Marius, and Vanessa Ferguson. "Lesotho." In Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights in Africa. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198837336.003.0030.

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The Kingdom of Lesotho is a landlocked country within the borders of South Africa. Lesotho, previously known as Basutoland, was a British colony from 1959 until it gained its independence from Britain on 4 October 1966, after which it became formally known as The Kingdom of Lesotho. Lesotho covers an area of 30,355 square kilometres (km), with a total population of 2,285,604. The capital city is Maseru, which lies directly on the border with South Africa, with a population of 330,760. Maseru has a rapidly growing economy as a result of industrial trade, foreign and local investment in the city. Other main cities, although substantially smaller than Maseru include Teyateyaneng, Mafetang, and Hlotse. The working week is from Monday to Friday from 0900 to 1245 and from 1400 until 1630. The currency in Lesotho is the Maloti (M), which is used alongside the South African rand (ZAR), with the Maloti currently being at the same exchange rate to the South African rand.
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Grilli, Matteo. "8 Between Socialism and Non-Alignment: The Basutoland Congress Party and the Soviet Bloc." In Eastern Europe, the Soviet Union, and Africa, 199–220. De Gruyter, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110787757-010.

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