Dissertations / Theses: 'Bat diet'

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Ingram, Katherine P. "The ecological and evolutionary implications of genetic structure and diet in the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus)." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2007. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1447597.

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von, Essen Gabriella. "Energy flow and metabolic efficiency attributed to brown adipose tissue." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för molekylär biovetenskap, Wenner-Grens institut, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-140190.

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The large capacity of brown adipose tissue (BAT) to expend energy as heat makes it an interesting potential player in weight regulation and other metabolic conditions. This is of particular interest as it has been recognized that adult humans possess BAT. The protein responsible for the heat production is uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), which, as the name implies, uncouples the respiratory chain from ATP production; instead heat is produced. Cold is the strongest recruiter and activator of BAT. However, also obesogenic food has a low but nonetheless significant effect on the recruitment and activation of UCP1, although the significance of this has been discussed. In the present thesis, I have studied the effect of diet on BAT and the possibilities for it to be obesity-protective. This can be done by comparing responses in wild-type mice and in UCP1-ablated mice. Since the effect of diet on BAT is low, it is of importance to control the temperature and maintain thermoneutrality. Other confounding factors to keep in mind are differences in actual energy and composition of food and also cohort differences. When controlling all the parameters mentioned and giving the mice the same obesogenic diet, the mice possessing UCP1 compared to UCP1-ablated mice had higher energy expenditure, and lower weight gain, despite eating more. This confirms the presence of a UCP1-dependent diet-induced thermogenesis. Thus, the conclusion must be that possessing UCP1 does result in obesity protection at thermoneutrality. However, the relevance for human energy balance is still not established. At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript. Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 3: Manuscript.

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Hollyfield, Angela Mary. "Diet in relation to prey availability and the directionality and design of echolocation calls in three species of British bat." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336143.

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Duverge, Paul Laurent. "Foraging activity, habitat use, development of juveniles, and diet of the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum - Schreber 1774) in south-west England." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388116.

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Deeley, Sabrina Maris. "Ecology of Mid-Atlantic bats after white-nose syndrome: communities, reproduction, and diet within an urban-to-rural gradient." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/104236.

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White-nose syndrome (WNS) has reduced the abundance of many bat species within the United States' mid-Atlantic region, including the endangered Indiana (Myotis sodalis), threatened Myotis septentrionalis (northern long-eared bat) and other bats of conservation concern, such as Perimyotis subflavus (tri-colored bat), Myotis leibii (eastern small-footed bat) and Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat). Impacts to Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat) populations have been negative, positive or neutral. Migratory bat species such as Lasiurus borealis (eastern red bat) are not impacted by WNS. To determine changes within the National Park Service National Capital Region bat communities, I surveyed the area with mist netting and active acoustic sampling (2016–2018) and compared findings to pre-WNS (2003–2004) data. I documented a significant reduction in the numbers and distributions of M. lucifugus and P. subflavus, a decrease in the distribution of M. septentrionalis, and an increase in Eptesicus fuscus. Documented M. septentrionalis reproduction suggests that portions of the National Capital Region may be important bat conservation areas. To explore the relationship between bat life history and passive acoustic sampling echolocation call data, as well as to review the sampling effort required to detect the presence of extant species, I used mist-netting captures and acoustic call data collected 2015 – 2018 within the District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. Based on locally estimated scatterplot smoothing line calculations, I determined that the highest levels of maternity season acoustic activity for Eptesicus fuscus and Lasiurus borealis corresponded primarily to lactation periods. To determine sampling effort, I developed simulations based on species accumulation curves for individual species within different physiographic regions and land-cover types. I determined that the smallest sampling efforts typically corresponded to sampling additional sites versus sampling the same sites with more nights. Detection effort varied greatly by species, physiographic region and land-cover type. Eptesicus fuscus diet has been well-studied throughout North America with visual identification methods from fecal and stomach content samples. Next-generation sequencing provides large genetic data sets analyses in a cost-effective manner and has been used to identify bat prey items. I collected Eptesicus fuscus fecal samples from mid-Atlantic regions and used next-generation sequencing to identify their prey. I documented high variation between survey areas, but did not note a clear pattern of urbanization or fragmentation impacts upon Insecta diversity. All order-level taxa that I documented had been previously documented in morphological studies; however, I did document new families, genera and species. However, I would suggest caution in using next-generation sequencing technologies as authoritative sources for documenting new diet taxa, as I noted frequent occurrences of confounding environmental DNA within the samples. Doctor of Philosophy White-nose syndrome (WNS) has reduced the abundance of many bat species within the United States' mid-Atlantic region, including the endangered Indiana (Myotis sodalis), threatened Myotis septentrionalis (northern long-eared bat) and other bats of conservation concern, such as the Perimyotis subflavus (tri-colored bat), Myotis leibii (eastern small-footed bat) and Myotis lucifugus (little brown bat). WNS-impacts to Eptesicus fuscus (big brown bat) populations have been negative, positive or neutral. Migratory bat species such as Lasiurus borealis (eastern red bat) are not impacted by WNS. To determine changes within the National Park Service National Capital Region bat communities, I captured bats with mist-netting techniques and recorded bat echolocation calls with active acoustics (20-minute periods; 2016–2018) and compared findings to pre-WNS (2003–2004) data. I documented a significant reduction in the numbers and distributions of M. lucifugus and P. subflavus, a decrease in the distribution of M. septentrionalis, and an increase in Eptesicus fuscus. Documented M. septentrionalis reproduction suggests that portions of the National Capital Region may be important bat conservation areas. To explore the relationship between bat echolocation calls recorded with passive (over-night) acoustic data and bat reproduction trends, as well as the amount of effort required to document bat species, I sampled 849 sites with passive acoustics and 482 sites with mist-netting during 2016 – 2018 within the District of Columbia, Maryland, Pennsylvania, Virginia, and West Virginia. I determined that the highest levels of acoustic activity for Eptesicus fuscus and Lasiurus borealis (eastern red bat) within the maternity season are associated with the period of highest levels of lactation. To determine sampling effort, I used simulations to detect species in different landscape conditions. I determined that sampling additional sites requires less sampling effort than sampling more nights. The amount of effort required to detect each bat species varied, as did the impact of different landscape conditions. Eptesicus fuscus diet has been well-studied throughout North America by identifying insect parts in feces and stomach contents. Next-generation sequencing is a process which produced large amounts of genetic data sets in a cost-effective manner, and it can be used to identify prey within bat feces. I collected Eptesicus fuscus fecal samples from mid-Atlantic regions and used next-generation sequencing to identify potential prey. I determined that bat diet varied greatly based on survey area and number of feces analyzed. At the order-level, I did not document new taxa: however, I did document new families, genera and species. However, I would suggest caution in using next-generation sequencing technologies as authoritative sources for documenting new diet taxa, as many taxa apparent within my samples were subsequently excluded, as the bats may have been incidentally ingested them.

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Burke, Theresa Sydney. "Diets of bats in West Virginia." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2002. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=196.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Marshall University, 2002. Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 50 p. with illustrations and maps. Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-26).

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Kuhn, Peter. "Offenbarungsstimmen im Antiken Judentum : Untersuchungen zur Bat Qol und Verwandten Phänomenen /." Tübingen : J.C.B. Mohr, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35502716q.

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Assis, Cecília Kruszynski de. "Diet and ecosystem services of insectivorous bats assessed with stable isotopes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/64/64135/tde-07032019-103440/.

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Ecosystem services are natural environmental functions and ecological process that humans benefit from. In the present study, it was highlighted one of the services provided by bats: agricultural pest control. In Brazil, studies with insectivorous bats as potential pest suppressors are still scarce, despite the country being one of the biggest agricultural producers in the world and concentrating a high diversity of those animals. The use of heterogeneous landscapes, formed by native vegetation and crop fields, optimize the investment applied in this search. For that, it was described, for the first time, the bat assemblage in heterogeneous landscape in Piracicaba, at the campus \"Luiz de Queiroz\" that comprehends urbanized and agricultural areas, which provides many food resources for bats. Further, it was tested if there is difference in isotopic values (?13C and ?15N) between bat species related to diet, spatial foraging behavior, sex or taxonomic classification and which specie is a better pest suppressor. Bats were captured by mist nets and stable isotope analysis of carbon and nitrogen (?13C e ?15N, respectively) were used to access its food source. Through the analysis of ?13C and ?15N of insects, we determined the proportion of plants with photosynthetic cycles of C3 and C4 in bats\' diet and its trophic level. It was captured 90 bats of 11 species, three families and four dietary categories, corresponding to 66% of the total local richness estimated. From those, five are insectivorous species. Molossus molossus were the most abundant specie, followed by Artibeus lituratus and Glossophaga soricina. Carbon values showed that insectivores, frugivores and nectarivores consume insects, including pests, in different proportions per specie and diet group. Besides, ?15N values showed that bat trophic level were very similar, so bats are more generalist than usually assumed. This study points a need to quantify this important ecosystem service provided by bats that can reduce diseases and crop damages Serviços ecossistêmicos são funções dos ambientes naturais e dos processos ecológicos dos quais humanos se beneficiam. Esses benefícios podem ser acessados por uma perspectiva econômica e ecológica. No presente estudo, nós destacamos um dos serviços ambientais fornecidos por morcegos: controle de pragas agrícolas. No Brasil, os estudos com morcegos insetívoros como potenciais supressores de pragas ainda são escassos, apesar de o país ser um dos maiores produtores agrícolas do mundo e abrigar uma alta diversidade desses animais. O uso de paisagens heterogêneas, formadas por vegetação nativa e lavouras agrícolas, otimiza o investimento aplicado nessa busca. Para tanto, descrevemos, pela primeira vez, a assembleia de morcegos em um ambiente heterogêneo de Piracicaba, o campus \"Luiz de Queiroz\", que possui desde áreas urbanizadas a agrícolas, disponibilizando diversos recursos alimentares para os morcegos. Ademais, testamos se há diferenças nos valores isotópicos (?13C e ?15N) entre as espécies de morcegos em relação à dieta, comportamento espacial de forrageamento, sexo ou classificação taxonômica para identificar quais grupos são os melhores supressores de pragas agrícolas. Utilizamos redes de neblina para a captura dos morcegos e análises de isótopos estáveis de carbono e nitrogênio (?13C e ?15N, respectivamente) para acessar sua fonte de dieta. Por meio das análises, determinamos a proporção de plantas com ciclos fotossintéticos do tipo C3 e C4 na dieta dos morcegos, bem como seu nível trófico. Capturamos 90 morcegos de 11 espécies, três famílias e quatro classes de dieta, correspondendo a 66% da riqueza estimada para o local. Destas, cinco são espécies classificadas insetívoras. Molossus molossus foi a espécie mais abundante, seguida por Artibeus lituratus e Glossophaga soricina. Valores de ?13C mostraram que insetívoros, frugívoros e nectarívoros consomem insetos, inclusive pragas, em diferentes proporções por espécie e grupo de dieta. O grupo mais efetivo no controle de pragas agrícolas foi M. molossus, seguido por A. planirostris. Os valores de ?15N mostraram que o nível trófico dos diferentes grupos alimentares de morcegos foi similar, de modo que eles são mais generalistas que previsto na literatura. Nosso estudo aponta a necessidade de quantificação desse importante serviço ecossistêmico promovido por morcegos, que podem reduzir doenças e prejuízos nas lavouras, além de combater vetores de doenças

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Alexander, Christina Lynn. "Diet analysis of big brown bats (eptesicus fuscus) in east- central Indiana." Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/935932.

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Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) from a colony in Delaware County, Indiana were captured weekly from 9 July to 13 September, 1993. Food habits of the bats were quantified by analysis of fecal pellets collected in the field. The major foods were Coleopterans, particularly carabids and the agricultural pest Diabrotica undecimpunctata (averaging 54.47% and 32.91% of the total volume of fecal pellets, respectively). Other foods included Acrosternum hilare, Lepidoptera, Cicadellidae, Scarabaeidae, Curculionidae, Chrysomeloidea, Dytiscidae, Lygaeidae, Hemerobiidae, Gryllidae, Miridae, and Delphacidae. The volume of Carabidae and Galerucinae and the frequency of Carabidae and Scarabaeidae in fecal pellets varied temporally. Adults and juveniles differed significantly in the volume of Carabidae in the diet late in the summer. There was no significant difference in diet between the sexes. Diet of adults was more diverse than that of juveniles. Juveniles of both sexes had similar diet diversity. Department of Biology

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Löfdahl, Samuel. "Hur påverkas dina kompositioner av ditt instrument?" Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för jazz, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-2067.

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Forget-me-not - Samuel LöfdahlThe Law of Jante - Samuel LöfdahlPediophobia - Samuel LöfdahlThe Usual Procedure - Samuel LöfdahlThe Defending Warrior - Samuel LöfdahlRestless legs Syndrome - Samuel LöfdahlThe Theme - Miles DaviesSamuel Löfdahl - kontra-/elbasBjörn Arkö - saxofonHenning Ullén - trumpetAnton Dromberg - pianoKarl-Henrik Ousbäck - trumset

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Murugesan, Karthik Saravanan. "Predicting parting plane separation and tie bar loads in die casting using computer modeling and dimensional analysis." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1221175903.

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Bailey, Lauren. "The influence of artificial light on the foraging efficiency and diet of insect eating bats." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/76376.

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Artificial light may be altering the interactions between bats and moth prey. Unable to make use of bat evasion strategies around artificial light, eared moths are susceptible to exploitation by syntonic bats (using echolocation frequencies between 20-50 kHz within the hearing range of eared moths). Using a handheld plasma metabolite analyzer, I evaluated the foraging success of syntonic bats and rarer allotonic bats (using echolocation frequencies outside the hearing range of eared moths), in areas with artificial light and in areas of natural darkness. I used microscope diet analysis to determine whether bats were consuming more or fewer moths in areas with artificial light and in areas of natural darkness. Syntonic bats were more selective for moth prey under lit conditions, likely owing to a reduction in the ability of tympanate moths to evade bats. Moths increased in the diets of generalist syntonic bats (Pipistrellus hesperidus) foraging around artificial light sources. Some P. hesperidus individuals showed high β-hydroxybutyrate levels around lights, but there was no difference in β-hydroxybutyrate levels between lit and unlit conditions. There is insufficient evidence to reject the null hypothesis that the foraging success of syntonic bats is equivalent in lit vs unlit conditions. The foraging success and diets of allotonic bats, Rhinolophus capensis, appear to be negligibly impacted by artificial light on a small scale. My study emphasizes the need for a mechanistic understanding of the influence of artificial light on the foraging success of bat species. Bat-moth interactions may be influenced by other factors apart from the common assumption that increased refuelling rates will occur in syntonic species foraging on moths around artificial light.

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Bénézech, Yannick. ""Dieu bat et n'abat" : la Principauté de Sedan, Raucourt et Saint-Menges sous les La Tour d'Auvergne (1591-1652)." Reims, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REIML007.

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Le but de cette étude sur la Principauté de Sedan, Raucourt et Saint-Menges est de montrer comment les La Tour d'Auvergne ont tenté, entre 1591 et 1652, de former un état. La réflexion se penche sur les atouts et les moyens qu'ils ont su habilement utiliser. Elle se termine par une étude des conséquences de leur action The purpose of this research paper about the principality of Sedan, Raucourt and Saint-Menges is to show how, from 1591 to 1652, the La Tour d'Auvergne attempted to create an independent state. The paper studies the ressources (geographical, political, economical, human, religious) and means, they cleverly made use of. It ends with a study of the consequences of their action

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Le, Boucher Richard. "Génétique de l'utilisation des produits d'origine végétale chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss) et le bar européen (Dicentrarchus labrax)." Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0064/document.

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Les apports de l’aquaculture représentent aujourd’hui la moitié des produits aquatiques destinés à la consommation humaine. La composition de l’aliment artificiel utilisé en élevage piscicole a fortement évolué ces 30 dernières années. Les produits d’origine végétale terrestre y ont progressivement remplacé les farines et les huiles de poisson lorsque les stocks de pêche minotière utilisés pour leur production se sont rapprochés de leur limite d’exploitation. Toutefois, l’usage exclusif de ces farines et huiles végétales conduit encore à la dégradation de la croissance et de la santé des salmonidés et des poissons marins. Dans le même temps, l’amélioration génétique en pisciculture a permis, depuis 1980, des gains importants sur les caractères de croissance, de santé et de qualité et dispose aujourd’hui de méthodes pour étudier les conséquences de cette profonde transition alimentaire sur les populations actuelles et futures issues des programmes de sélection. En privilégiant la comparaison entre un aliment composé de produits d’origine marine (M) et un aliment entièrement constitué de produits d’origine végétale terrestre (PB), nous avons étudié les voies d’amélioration génétique chez deux espèces majeures du secteur français : le bar européen (Dicentrarchus labrax) et la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Dans ce contexte, l’objectif était en particulier d’estimer les héritabilités des caractères d’intérêt et l’importance des interactions génotype-aliment, qui sont à l’origine de reclassement des génotypes en fonction l’aliment utilisé.Les essais réalisés ont confirmés l’effet de la substitution totale sur la croissance et la composition lipidique chez les deux espèces et sur la survie chez le bar. Les héritabilités estimées des poissons nourris avec l’aliment PB pour le poids, la croissance et les paramètres de transformation technologique (rendement carcasse, viscères, tête, filet) sont hautes chez la truite (respectivement 0,69 ; 0,65 ; 0,21-0,58) et modérées chez le bar (respectivement 0,18 et 0,11). Pour ces caractères, les interactions génotype-aliment sont modérées et les corrélations génétiques estimées entre les aliments M et PB sont élevées chez la truite (respectivement 0,90 ; 0,92 ; 0,65-0,96) et chez le bar (respectivement 0,96 ; 0,64). Les gains génétique attendus sont plus élevés avec l’aliment PB qu’avec l’aliment M chez la truite tandis qu’ils sont plus faible chez le bar. La mesure de la réponse à la sélection pour une aptitude à grandir et à survivre en utilisant l’aliment PB a confirmé des gains élevés pour le poids (+35%), la survie (+15,1%) et la biomasse produite (+54,4%) sans impact sur les paramètres de transformation technologique (carcasse, viscères, tête, filet). Les essais réalisés ont confirmé que cette meilleure aptitude était liée à des modifications de l’activité du métabolisme lipidique mais n’ont pas permis de conclure à des liens avec l’ingéré et efficacité alimentaire.Les plus fortes mortalités et le plus faible poids des lots PB durant les jours qui suivent les premières prises alimentaires ainsi que les reclassements familiaux plus importants en début de cycle de vie indiquent que les stades précoces ont une place prépondérante dans l’utilisation de l’aliment d’origine végétale aux niveaux phénotypique et génétique et devront être approfondis.A la vue des résultats obtenus, il semble donc possible d’exploiter la grande plasticité de certaines espèces de poissons pour concevoir des programmes de sélection prenant en compte l’évolution des environnements de production. La limitation mondiale des ressources alimentaire confronte les élevages à des modifications rapides de l’aliment et l’amélioration génétique des cheptels peut aider à faciliter ces transitions alimentaires Nowadays, aquaculture contributes to half of the aquatic products intended for human consumption. The composition of aquafeeds strongly evolved in the past 30 years. Terrestrial plant-based products gradually replace fish meal and fish oil, as fish stocks used for their production reach their exploitation limit. However, the use of diets containing vegetable oils and meals only still lead to growth and health degradation in salmonids and marine fish.Besides, breeding programmes in fish farming allowed strong genetic progress, since 1980, on growth, health and quality traits. An important issue for fish breeders is now to understand the consequences of this deep dietary change on the current and future selected populations and to adapt breeding programs accordingly.Focusing on the comparison between two experimental diets, a diet containing marine products (M) and a diet containing only plant-based products, (PB), we investigated the possible impact of the dietary changes on the organization and the objectives of breeding programs in two major species of the French sector: the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). A key objective was to estimate the heritabilities of the main traits of economic interest and the importance of genotype by diet interactions, which may cause genotypes rerankings according to diet used. We also sought the potential origin of the variability for ability to use the PB diet and proposed scenarii for evolution of breeding programs.The trials confirmed that substitution of marine ingredients by vegetal ones decreased growth and lipid composition in both species, as well as survival in sea bass and, to a lesser extent in rainbow trout. The estimates of heritabilities for weight, growth and processing traits (carcass viscera, head and filet yields only measured on trout) when fish were fed with the PB diet were high in rainbow trout (respectively 0.69; 0.65; 0.21-0.58) and weak in sea bass (respectively 0.18 and 0.11). In trout and sea bass, these estimates were respectively higher and lower than those obtained when fish were fed the M diet. For these traits, genotype by diet interactions were moderate and the genetic correlations between the M and PB diets were variable in trout (respectively 0.67-0.90; 0.92; 0.65-0.96) and sea bass (respectively 0.51-0.96; 0.64) but could involve important family rerankings according to the period of survey. According to heritability estimates, expected genetic gains would be higher in trout for fish fed the PB diet than for fish fed the M diet when they would be weaker in sea bass. In trout, the measurement of the response to one generation of selection for the ability to grow and survive when fed the PB diet confirmed the results, and provided high genetic gains for body weight (+35%), survival rate (+15,1%) and produced biomass (+ 54,4%) without any impact on the processing traits (carcass, viscera, head, filet). We showed that this ability was associated to modifications in the lipid metabolism activities but could not establish links with feed intake or feed efficiency from our trials. Higher mortality rate and lower body weight in the PB batches during the first days following distribution of PB diet as well as stronger family rerankings in early steps of the survey indicate than the early stages play a key role in the use of plant-based diet at both phenotypic and genetic levels. Further insights dedicated to these particular stages are strongly needed.Based on present results, it seems possible to exploit the great plasticity of some fish species to conceive breeding programs taking into account a changing dietary environment. Facing the world limitation in food resources, genetic improvement of fish livestock can be a useful lever to facilitate dietary transitions

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Hang, Bao-Hien [Verfasser], and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Junker. "Auswirkungen einer MUFA-reichen Diät auf das Hämostasesystem / Bao-Hien Hang. Betreuer: Ralf Junker." Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1017849307/34.

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Pansard, Kelly Cristina Ara?jo. "Ecologia alimentar do boto cinza, sotalia guianensis (van ban?d?n, 1864), no litoral do rio grande do norte (rn)." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/17206.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:36:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 KellyCAP.pdf: 2804234 bytes, checksum: e14a879efe151d80522174c9403f357e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-13 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico This study investigated factors that influence the group size during the behavior foraging of estuarine dolphin Sotalia guianensis in the coast south of the state Rio Grande do Norte (RN), it also characterized the diet of estuarine dolphins and elaborated an otoliths catalog for aid in the identification of the preys found in the stomach contents. In relation to the group size during behaviour foraging, inside of the Curral Bay, larger frequency of solitary hunt was observed. Factors as tide variation, group composition and seasons didn't present correlation with the number of animals observed during a feeding episode. Capture success for participant was shown significantly larger when the animals hunted alone, what possibly explains the largest frequency of solitary hunt inside of the Curral Bay. About diet, were identified 18 bone fishes species, with predominance of species the families Haemulidae and Sciaenidae and five cephalopods species, including two new species in the diet of Sotalia guianensis in Brazil. Our results indicated that estuarine dolphin in the coast oriental from Rio Grande do Norte (RN) feeds predominantly of fish that form shoal, of habitat estuarino and producing of sounds. The analysis of the images, otoliths of 43 species of coastal fish of the coast of the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN), aided by the offered descriptions, demonstrated to be an effective methodology for the knowledge of those structures, as well as it represented a form of reducing the subjectivity in the identification of the bone fishes found in stomach content Esse trabalho investigou os fatores que influenciam o tamanho de grupo durante o comportamento alimentar do boto cinza Sotalia guianensis no litoral sul do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN), tamb?m caracterizou a dieta dessa esp?cie na regi?o e elaborou um cat?logo de ot?litos para auxiliar ? identifica??o das presas encontradas nos conte?dos estomacais dos animais analisados. Em rela??o ao tamanho de grupo durante o forrageio, dentro da enseada do curral, foi observado maior freq??ncia de ca?a solit?ria. Fatores como varia??o de mar?, composi??o de grupo e esta??es do ano n?o apresentaram correla??o com o n?mero de animais observados durante um epis?dio de alimenta??o. Contudo, o sucesso de captura por participante mostrou-se significativamente maior quando os animais ca?avam sozinhos, o que possivelmente explica a maior freq??ncia de ca?a solit?ria dentro dessa enseada. Sobre a caracteriza??o da dieta, foram identificadas 18 esp?cies de tele?steos, com predomin?ncia de esp?cies pertencentes ?s fam?lias Haemulidae e Sciaenidae e cinco esp?cies de cefal?podes, incluindo duas esp?cies ainda n?o registradas na dieta de Sotalia guianensis no Brasil. De acordo com as informa??es sobre a dieta, o boto cinza no litoral oriental do Rio Grande do Norte (RN) alimenta-se predominantemente de peixes que formam cardume, de habitat estuarino e produtores de sons. A an?lise das imagens dos ot?litos de 43 esp?cies de peixes costeiros do litoral do estado do Rio Grande do Norte (RN) demonstrou ser uma metodologia eficaz, bem como representou uma forma de diminuir a subjetividade na identifica??o dos tele?steos encontrado em conte?do estomacal

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Janssen, Geert Herman. "Creaturen van de macht : Cliëntelisme bij Willem Frederik van Nassau (1613-1664) /." [S.l. : s.n], 2005. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb401296497.

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Carvalho, Maria Carolina de. "Frugivoria por morcegos em floresta estacional semidecídua : dieta, riqueza de espécies e germinação de sementes após passagem pelo sistema digestivo /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88127.

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Orientador: Marcelo Nogueira Rossi Banca: Renata Cristina Batista Fonseca Banca: Adriana Maria Zanforlin Martini Resumo: Devido à reconhecida importância dos morcegos frugívoros para a dispersão e reprodução das plantas e, conseqüentemente, para a regeneração das florestas, o presente estudo teve como objetivo: (1) conhecer a riqueza e abundância das espécies de morcegos na área de estudo; (2) identificar as espécies vegetais cujos frutos servem de alimento para as principais espécies de morcegos frugívoros, as quais têm suas sementes dispersas por eles e (3) caracterizar a fenologia reprodutiva das espécies vegetais cujos frutos servem de alimento para os morcegos. Este estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, município de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, em um fragmento de floresta secundária tardia alta, denominado "Mata da Bica". Os morcegos foram capturados mensalmente com redes neblina, durante um ano. As sementes encontradas nas fezes dos morcegos foram separadas, lavadas, secadas naturalmente e identificadas. Foi feito o acompanhamento mensal da fenologia reprodutiva de dez espécies vegetais, possíveis fontes de alimento para os morcegos. A maioria das espécies teve seu período de frutificação durante a estação chuvosa e apenas três frutificaram na estação seca. Foram capturados 309 morcegos, sendo que 78,9% eram espécies frugívoras, num total de 14 espécies dentro de três famílias. Carollia perspicillata e Sturnira lilium foram as espécies mais abundantes. Pelo menos 22 espécies diferentes de plantas foram utilizadas como recurso, e houve também o consumo de insetos e pólen. S. granuloso-leprosum foi o recurso mais importante, pois seus frutos foram consumidos por praticamente todas as espécies de morcegos frugívoros capturados. No geral, C. perspicillata e S. lilium demonstraram um padrão de consumo baseado em suas reais preferências (frutos de Piper e Solanum... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) Abstract: As frugivorous bats are important organisms for plant dispersion and reproduction and also for forest regeneration, the objectives of this study were to: (1) know the abundance and bat species richness in the studied area; (2) identify plant species which fruits are consumed and seeds dispersed by the main frugivorous bats (3) characterize reproductive phenology of plants with fruits consumed by bats. This study was caried out at the Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, municipality of Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in a semi-deciduous forest fragment, named as "Mata da Bica". Bats were monthly captured with mist nets for a year. Seeds found in bat feces were separated, washed, naturally dried and identified. Reproductive phenology was recorded monthly for ten plant species, which possibly were food source for bats. Most species presented fructification periods during the wet season and only three species presented fruits in the dry season. Three hundred and nine bats were captured and 78.9% were frugivorous species, totalizing 14 species distributed in three families. Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium were the most abundant species. At least 22 plant species were used as food source; however, insects and pollen were also consumed. S. granuloso-leprosum was the most important food source because their fruits were consumed by most frugivorous bat species. In general, C. perspicillata and S. lilium consumed their preferred food items (Piper and Solanum fruits, respectively). However, A. lituratus was an opportunist species because individuals usually consumed the most abundant resource, probably as an alternative to the low availability of its preferred food items. Mestre

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Mariton, Léa. "Taking light pollution effects on biodiversity into account in conservation measures : challenges and prospects. Case study of European bat species." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS011.

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Ce dernier siècle, les lumières électriques ont proliféré, modifiant l’environnement nocturne. Des études scientifiques alertent sur les effets négatifs de la lumière artificielle nocturne (LAN) qui perturbe de nombreux processus écologiques et de taxons. Notre objectif a ainsi été de combler des manques de connaissances afin d’aider à une meilleure considération des effets de la pollution lumineuse sur la biodiversité dans les mesures de conservation. Nous avons utilisé les chiroptères comme modèles biologiques car ce sont de bons bioindicateurs de l’effet des pressions anthropiques sur la biodiversité et, étant nocturnes, ils sont directement exposés à la LAN. Nous avons préconisé de considérer la distribution temporelle des espèces dans les mesures de conservation, un prérequis étant de connaître leur écologie temporelle. Nous avons utilisé les données d’un programme national de suivis acoustiques des chiroptères (Vigie-Chiro) pour étudier leur rythme d’activité nocturne (9807 nuits, 20 espèces). Nous avons montré que les espèces pouvaient être séparées en trois groupes ayant une activité crépusculaire, en cœur de nuit ou intermédiaire, avec des variations des rythmes d’activité selon les saisons. La prise en compte de ces rythmes complexes aiderait à concevoir des mesures de conservation efficaces, par exemple, en définissant des extinctions partielles de la LAN adaptées à des espèces cibles. La plupart des chiroptères émergeant tôt sont des espèces « tolérantes à la lumière » pouvant se nourrir sous les lampadaires. Cependant, à l’échelle du paysage, ces espèces semblent moins abondantes à cause de la LAN. Cela pourrait s’expliquer par des perturbations de leur rythme d’activité influant possiblement les dynamiques de population. A l’aide des données Vigie-Chiro, nous avons testé si la LAN induisait de telles perturbations pour une de ces espèces (Eptesicus serotinus). La LAN, et dans une moindre mesure la lumière de la lune, réduisaient son abondance. La LAN retardait son activité, ce décalage était amplifié par la couverture nuageuse, possiblement à cause de son effet amplificateur du halo lumineux. Des analyses complémentaires ont suggéré que la LAN retardait l’activité de deux autres espèces « tolérantes à la lumière ». Ainsi, même ces espèces devraient être protégées de la LAN. Lorsqu’éclairer est nécessaire, changer l’intensité, la direction ou le spectre des éclairages sont des mesures de réduction possibles. Nous assistons à une modernisation des éclairages avec des diodes électroluminescentes (LEDs). Malgré des impacts potentiels sur la biodiversité, peu d’études se sont intéressées à cette évolution. En réanalysant les données d’une étude publiée, nous avons montré que les changements de spectre et d’intensité accompagnant cette évolution avaient des effets additifs et interactifs sur les chiroptères. Quand l’intensité des LEDs augmentait, leur activité décroissait. Avec les données Vigie-Chiro, nous avons montré que les LEDs pouvait réduire la connectivité du paysage pour les chiroptères, cet impact étant atténué en orientant mieux les lumières. Nous avons recommandé d’utiliser des LEDs avec des couleurs plus chaudes et de moindre intensité. Evaluer l’effet de la LAN sur la biodiversité implique des approches spatio-temporelles multi-échelles. Malgré les manques, il y a désormais suffisamment de preuves de l’impact de la LAN sur les écosystèmes. Les mesures de réduction étant en développement, évaluer leur efficacité et les améliorations possibles est indispensable. Penser la réduction de la LAN à l’échelle du paysage est une évolution impérative, d’où l’émergence du concept de trame noire. Un projet pluridisciplinaire sur les pratiques communales d’éclairage et leurs évolutions a été initié pendant cette thèse. En effet, puisque la LAN n’a pas que des implications écologiques, mais aussi sanitaires et socio-culturelles, une perspective transdisciplinaire est indispensable pour changer nos façons d’éclairer Electric lights have proliferated rapidly over the last century and have changed the night-time environment globally. Over the past decades, scientific studies have shown the effects of artificial light at night (ALAN) on biodiversity. Light pollution has been shown to disrupt a wide range of ecological processes and taxa. In this PhD, we aimed to fill some of the knowledge gaps that could prevent the effects of light pollution on biodiversity from being effectively addressed by mitigation measures. We used bats as model species because they are considered good indicators of the effect of anthropogenic pressures on biodiversity and because, being nocturnal, they are directly exposed to ALAN.We advocated considering the temporal distribution of species in conservation measures, a prerequisite being to have access to knowledge on their temporal ecology. We used data from a national bat monitoring program (Vigie-Chiro) based on acoustic monitoring to characterise bat diel activity patterns (9807 nights monitored, 20 species). We found that bat species could be separated into three functional groups characterised by a crepuscular activity, an activity that occurs when it is completely dark or an intermediate activity. We showed variations of diel activity patterns depending on the season. Accounting for these complex diel activity patterns would help to design efficient mitigation measures. For instance, it would allow the design of part-night lighting schemes covering the range of activity of the target species. Early emerging bats are mostly “light tolerant” species known to feed on insects attracted to lights. However, at the landscape scale, these species tend to be less abundant because of ALAN. This could be explained by disruptions in the diel activity patterns of bats due to ALAN, with potential consequences for population dynamics. Using the Vigie-Chiro dataset, we tested whether ALAN was responsible for such disruptions on a “light tolerant” species (Eptesicus serotinus). ALAN, and to a lesser extent moonlight, reduced its abundance. ALAN delayed activity, this delay was amplified during overcast nights, probably because cloud cover amplified skyglow. Further analyses suggested that two other “light tolerant” species might delay their activity because of ALAN. Thus, even “light tolerant” species should be protected from light pollution. Where it is not possible to switch off lights, other mitigation measures include changing the intensity, directionality and spectrum of light. Many countries are retrofitting lighting equipment with light emitting diodes (LEDs). Despite potential impacts on biodiversity, few studies have focused on this shift. By reanalysing the data from a previously published study, we found that changes in light spectrum and intensity during such a shift have additive and interactive effects on bats. Bat activity decreased with increasing LED intensity. Using the Vigie-Chiro dataset, we showed that the adoption of LEDs would decrease landscape connectivity for bats, with this impact possibly being mitigated by better orienting the light flux. We recommended using LEDs with warmer colours and reduced light intensity. Multiscale spatiotemporal approaches are needed to assess ALAN effect on biodiversity. Although some knowledge gaps remain, there is overwhelming evidence of the impact of light pollution on ecosystems. Mitigation measures are being developed, so there is a need to assess their effectiveness and possible improvements. Considering the reduction of ALAN at the landscape scale is a necessary next step, hence the emergence of the concept of dark ecological networks. A transdisciplinary project on lighting practices and their evolution in municipalities was initiated during this PhD. Indeed, as ALAN has not only ecological but also health and socio-cultural implications, a transdisciplinary perspective is needed to shift the paradigm from conventional lighting to new forms of lighting

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Schmidt, Eugenia Cordero. "Structure of mutualistic networks between bats and plants and other feeding strategies in a semiarid caatinga forest of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil." PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM ECOLOGIA, 2016. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/21512.

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Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-12-26T20:08:57Z No. of bitstreams: 1 EugeniaCorderoSchmidt_DISSERT.pdf: 37502107 bytes, checksum: 8ea90c3282a2c39d9600a891b990f41e (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-12-26T20:17:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 EugeniaCorderoSchmidt_DISSERT.pdf: 37502107 bytes, checksum: 8ea90c3282a2c39d9600a891b990f41e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-26T20:17:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 EugeniaCorderoSchmidt_DISSERT.pdf: 37502107 bytes, checksum: 8ea90c3282a2c39d9600a891b990f41e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-19 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) A Caatinga ? uma forma??o florestal escler?fila, dec?dua e espinhosa. Situase em uma regi?o semi-?rida, com cerca de 730 000 km2, exclusiva do territ?rio brasileiro. Este ambiente apresenta grande varia??o de tipos de vegeta??o que foram atribu?das ? varia??es em larga escala no clima, padr?es de geomorfologia e diferen?as de pequena escala em relevo e solos. A precipita??o escassa e flutuante das regi?es ?ridas e semi-?ridas, exercem um forte controle sobre: hist?rias de vida, caracter?sticas fisiol?gicas e composi??o de esp?cies de sua biota. Pelo menos 77 esp?cies de morcegos das 178 esp?cies presentes no Brasil s?o encontrados na Caatinga, dos quais 13 s?o frug?voros e cinco nectarivorous incluindo o end?mica Xeronycteris vieirai. Os morcegos s?o conhecidos por desempenharem pap?is importantes no controle de pragas, poliniza??o e dispers?o de sementes. No entanto, pouca informa??o foi gerada sobre o papel ecol?gico dessas esp?cies em um ambiente como Caatinga. Em geral, esse habitat ? o ecossistema brasileiro mais negligenciado em termos de pesquisa e conserva??o da sua biodiversidade. Especificamente no caso dos morcegos, o Rio Grande do Norte possui uma das maiores lacunas de conhecimento no Brasil. Os dados aqui apresentados, representam uma das primeiras pesquisas formais com morcegos na Caatinga do Rio Grande do Norte. Foram geradas informa??es sobre a estrutura aninhada e assim?trica da rede mutual?stica entre morcegos nectar?voros e esp?cieschave de plantas para a manuten??o da comunidade de morcegos nectar?voros nesta regi?o. Al?m disso, a primeira evid?ncia de folivoria de pelo menos 16 esp?cies de plantas pelo morcego frug?voro Artibeus planirostris foi documentada. Isto representa o primeiro registro para um ambiente semi-?rido e o primeiro registro para a esp?cie. Finalmente, o primeiro ?insight? para aspectos biol?gicos do morcego end?mico X. vieirai, incluindo dieta, poleiros e dados de reprodu??o, assim como a extens?o de sua distribui??o a n?vel nacional. Caatinga is a deciduous thorny woodland and sclerophyllous vegetation, encountered in a semi-arid region of around 730 000 km2 entirely within the Brazilian territory . This environment presents high variation of vegetation types that have been attributed to large-scale variations in the climate, geomorphology patterns, and smallscale differences in topography and soils. The sparse and fluctuation precipitation of arid and semiarid regions is believed to exert strong control over life histories, physiological characteristics, and species composition of their biotas. At least 77 bat species of the 178 species present in Brazil are found in Caatinga, of which 13 are frugivorous and five nectarivorous including the endemic Xeronycteris vieirai. Bats are known play important roles in pest control, pollination and seed dispersal, nonetheless little information has been generated regarding the ecological role these species play in an environment like Caatinga. In general, this habitat is the most neglected Brazilian ecosystem in terms of investigation and conservation of its biodiversity. Specifically in the case of bats, Rio Grande do Norte is one of the biggest knowledge gaps in Brazil. The data presented here represent one of the first formal investigations with bats in the Caatinga in Rio Grande do Norte. Information on the nested and asymmetric structure of the mutualistc network between nectarivorous bats and plants was generated, with data on key plant species for the maintenance of the community of nectar-feeding bats in this region. Also, the first evidence of folivory of at least 16 plant species by the fruit-eating bat Artibeus planirostris was documented, representing the first record for a semi arid enviroment and the first record for the bat species. Finally, the first insight to biological aspects of the endemic X. vieirai including diet, roosts and reproduction data were registered as well the extention of its range distribution at a national level.

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Murugesan, Karthik Saravanan. "Predicting Parting Plane Separation And Tie Bar Loads In Die Casting Using ComputerMODELING AND DIMENSIONAL ANALYSIS." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1221175903.

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Carvalho, Maria Carolina de [UNESP]. "Frugivoria por morcegos em floresta estacional semidecídua: dieta, riqueza de espécies e germinação de sementes após passagem pelo sistema digestivo." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/88127.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:23:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-09-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:50:06Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 carvalho_mc_me_botib.pdf: 828063 bytes, checksum: d442372bd92e224f92c1da771cf32705 (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Devido à reconhecida importância dos morcegos frugívoros para a dispersão e reprodução das plantas e, conseqüentemente, para a regeneração das florestas, o presente estudo teve como objetivo: (1) conhecer a riqueza e abundância das espécies de morcegos na área de estudo; (2) identificar as espécies vegetais cujos frutos servem de alimento para as principais espécies de morcegos frugívoros, as quais têm suas sementes dispersas por eles e (3) caracterizar a fenologia reprodutiva das espécies vegetais cujos frutos servem de alimento para os morcegos. Este estudo foi realizado na Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, município de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, em um fragmento de floresta secundária tardia alta, denominado “Mata da Bica”. Os morcegos foram capturados mensalmente com redes neblina, durante um ano. As sementes encontradas nas fezes dos morcegos foram separadas, lavadas, secadas naturalmente e identificadas. Foi feito o acompanhamento mensal da fenologia reprodutiva de dez espécies vegetais, possíveis fontes de alimento para os morcegos. A maioria das espécies teve seu período de frutificação durante a estação chuvosa e apenas três frutificaram na estação seca. Foram capturados 309 morcegos, sendo que 78,9% eram espécies frugívoras, num total de 14 espécies dentro de três famílias. Carollia perspicillata e Sturnira lilium foram as espécies mais abundantes. Pelo menos 22 espécies diferentes de plantas foram utilizadas como recurso, e houve também o consumo de insetos e pólen. S. granuloso-leprosum foi o recurso mais importante, pois seus frutos foram consumidos por praticamente todas as espécies de morcegos frugívoros capturados. No geral, C. perspicillata e S. lilium demonstraram um padrão de consumo baseado em suas reais preferências (frutos de Piper e Solanum... As frugivorous bats are important organisms for plant dispersion and reproduction and also for forest regeneration, the objectives of this study were to: (1) know the abundance and bat species richness in the studied area; (2) identify plant species which fruits are consumed and seeds dispersed by the main frugivorous bats (3) characterize reproductive phenology of plants with fruits consumed by bats. This study was caried out at the Fazenda Experimental Edgardia, municipality of Botucatu, State of São Paulo, Brazil, in a semi-deciduous forest fragment, named as “Mata da Bica”. Bats were monthly captured with mist nets for a year. Seeds found in bat feces were separated, washed, naturally dried and identified. Reproductive phenology was recorded monthly for ten plant species, which possibly were food source for bats. Most species presented fructification periods during the wet season and only three species presented fruits in the dry season. Three hundred and nine bats were captured and 78.9% were frugivorous species, totalizing 14 species distributed in three families. Carollia perspicillata and Sturnira lilium were the most abundant species. At least 22 plant species were used as food source; however, insects and pollen were also consumed. S. granuloso-leprosum was the most important food source because their fruits were consumed by most frugivorous bat species. In general, C. perspicillata and S. lilium consumed their preferred food items (Piper and Solanum fruits, respectively). However, A. lituratus was an opportunist species because individuals usually consumed the most abundant resource, probably as an alternative to the low availability of its preferred food items.

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23

Le, Touzé Isabelle. "Suivre Dieu, servir le roi : la noblesse protestante bas-normande, de 1520 au lendemain de la Révocation de l'édit de Nantes." Thesis, Le Mans, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LEMA3014/document.

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Aux trois moments que constituent d’abord la décennie 1550, temps fort de la conversion nobiliaire au protestantisme, puis le temps des affrontements religieux de 1560 à 1598, et enfin celui de la fondation de l’absolutisme, à quelle fidélité le gentilhomme réformé doit-il consentir en ces temps d’incertitudes où désormais l’unité religieuse n’existe plus ? Obéit-il à une fidélité confessionnelle dictée par sa conscience ou à une exigence politique et relationnelle qui le lie naturellement, et à son seigneur, et à son roi ? Si le noble de foi réformée ne ressent pas au XVIe siècle de contradiction entre les deux sphères, celle du politique et celle du religieux : il n’a pas en effet le sentiment de se couper de son roi, en combattant dans les rangs de l’armée protestante, bien au contraire. Progressivement la distance se creuse vis-à-vis de ces seigneurs, et on perçoit alors l’extrême liberté des attaches politiques qui les lient au chef de parti. Mais la revendication d’une liberté irrépressible n’est rendue possible que par une stratégie mise en place de longue date par ces nobles protestants. Celle-ci repose d’abord et surtout sur une base solide et indéfectible, une nébuleuse d’amis et de parents. La proximité avec l’Angleterre et la Cour d’Elisabeth facilite également cette attitude distancée. Enfin, au XVIIe siècle, elle s’appuie aussi sur le véritable bouclier qu’a pu représenter l’édit de Nantes pour la noblesse ; ce dernier permet l’établissement d’un culte de fief et les protestants nobles chercheront à exploiter tous les ressorts juridiques du texte pour préserver leur foi intacte. Les alliances matrimoniales et l’action des femmes, filles ou épouses, serviront à la consolidation de la foi réformée. Alors que la répression, ciblée sur quelques individus, n’épargne pas le second ordre, certains nobles chercheront à trancher le dilemme soumission par la conversion ou désobéissance par l’exil, en dissociant les deux services, en refusant de choisir entre Dieu et le roi The important steps of French nobility: At first, 1550: part of the French nobility chooses to Protestantism. Then, 1560 and 1598: the French Religious Civil Wars. Finally, it was the start of Absolute Monarchy. When the unity of the Faith no longer existed, the choice of the French nobility was either to be faithful to the King or to god. Therefore, there were a gap between the religious faith and the political loyalties to the King. At first, the French nobles kept trusting their King, but a certain misunderstanding started to develop and the nobles gradually chose freedom over their loyalty to the French King. England’s proximity and Elisabeth 1st’s Court help them keep their distance with the King. They could rely on too their friends and family and parents to keep their faith alive, and the Edict of Nantes re-established the French nobility’s civil and religious rights. However the persecution of the Protestant did already start. Therefore many French Protestants nobles chose exile. Otherwise they were banished by the French Kingdom. Some of them hid their real faith, refusing to have to choose between their God and their king

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Waddington, Kris Ian. "Diet and trophic role of western rock lobsters (Panulirus cygnus George) in temperate Western Australian deep-coastal ecosystems (35-60m)." University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0035.

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[Truncated abstract] Removal of consumers through fishing has been shown to influence ecosystem structure and function by changing the biomass and composition of organisms occupying lower trophic levels. The western rock lobster (Panurilus cygnus), an abundant consumer along the temperate west coast of Australia, forms the basis of Australia's largest single species fishery, with catches frequently exceeding 11000 tonnes annually. Despite their high abundance and commercial importance, the diet and trophic role of adult lobster populations in deep-coastal-ecosystems (35-60 m) remains unknown. An understanding of the diet and trophic role of lobsters in these ecosystems is a key component of the assessment of ecosystem effects of the western rock lobster fishery. This study uses gut content and stable isotope analyses to determine the diet and trophic role of lobsters in deep-coastal ecosystems. Dietary analysis indicated adult lobsters in deep-coastal ecosystems were primarily carnivorous with diet reflecting food available on the benthos. Gut content analyses indicate crabs (62 %) and amphipods/isopods (~10 %) are the most important lobster dietary sources. Stable isotope analysis indicates natural diet of lobsters in deep coastal ecosystems is dominated by amphipods/isopods (contributing up to ~50 %) and crabs (to ~75 %), with bivalves/gastropods, red algae and sponges of lesser importance (<10 % of diet each). Diet of lobsters in deep-coastal ecosystems differed from that reported for lobsters inhabiting shallow water ecosystems in this region, reflecting differences in food availability and food choice between these ecosystems. Bait from the fishery was also determined (by stable isotope analyses) to be a significant dietary component of lobsters in deep-coastal ecosystems, contributing between 10 and 80 % of lobster food requirements at some study locations. '...' Given observed effects of organic matter addition in trawl fisheries, and also associated with aquaculture, bait addition is likely to have implications for processes occurring within deep-coastal ecosystems in this region, particularly given its oligotrophic status, most likely by increasing the food available to scavenging species. Removal of lobsters from deep-coastal ecosystems may affect the composition and abundance of lobster prey communities through a reduction in predation pressure. Such effects have been demonstrated for other spiny lobster species. These effects are typically most observable amongst common prey taxa which in other studies have been commonly herbivores. In deep-coastal ecosystems, crabs and amphipods/isopods are the most common prey taxa and most likely to be effected. The ecosystem-impacts of top-down control of non-herbivorous prey species is unknown and constrains the inferences possible from this study. However, the establishment of 'no-take' areas in deep-coastal ecosystems would allow the ecosystem effects of lobster removal to be further assessed in these deep-coastal ecosystems. While data from the current study did not allow the ecosystem effects of lobster removal to be properly assessed, this study provided information regarding the ecology of western rock lobsters in previously unstudied ecosystems.

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Liatard, Antonin. "Orner pour une plus grande gloire de Dieu : le décor intérieur des églises jésuites en France et dans les anciens Pays-Bas aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCH011.

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Les églises de la Compagnie de Jésus furent un lieu primordial d’interaction entre les Jésuites et la population des villes où ils s’établirent. Considérant les mots « décor » et « ornement » dans leur acception la plus large, cette thèse explore les multiples aspects de leur embellissement, du discours à la pratique, du permanent à l’éphémère, du parcours à la scénographie, de l’image à l’artifice, en s’attachant moins aux questions de style et de typologie qu’à l’effet sensible recherché. L’étude se situe moins du côté des acteurs du décor que de ses destinataires religieux et laïcs, soulignant ses interactions avec les pratiques liturgiques et dévotionnelles des usagers de l’espace ecclésial. Au-delà des efforts fournis dans le but de restituer l’aménagement originel des églises à partir de multiples sources iconographiques et archivistiques, nous avons cherché à retrouver le réseau intelligible associant signes et images, ainsi que les procédés décoratifs permettant d’articuler entre elles les différentes parties du décor sans perdre de vue son organicité. Le cadre chronologique correspond à la période la plus riche de l’activité ornementale de la Compagnie sous l’Ancien Régime, et le cadre géographique à un territoire peu exploré par les chercheurs en comparaison de l’espace germanique et de la péninsule italienne. Les églises des six provinces jésuites concernées ont rarement été considérées en dehors de leur architecture et encore moins en suivant une démarche comparative susceptible de révéler la capacité d’adaptation des Jésuites grâce au transfert et à l’appropriation de modèles plastiques et iconographiques, mais aussi d’idées et de valeurs. En se fondant sur un corpus d’étude restreint, cette thèse a pour objectif d’éclairer le rapport à l’environnement visuel de la part d’un ordre religieux particulièrement attentif à la dimension matérielle et symbolique de l’ornement, comme la nature d’un de ses moyens d’interaction les plus efficaces avec ses membres et avec la société extérieure The churches of the Society of Jesus were a key place of interaction between the Jesuits and the population of the towns where they settled. Taking the words “decoration” and “ornament” in their broadest sense, this thesis explores the various aspects of their embellishment, from discourse to practice, from the permanent to the ephemeral, from the circulation to the scenography, from the image to the artifice, focusing less on questions of style and typology than on the sensitive effect sought. The study focuses less on the decoration’s actors and more on its religious and lay recipients, highlighting its interactions with the liturgical and devotional practices of the users of the church space. Over and above the efforts made to restore the original furnishment of the churches, we have tried to rediscover the intelligible network associating signs and images, as well as the decorative processes that make it possible to link together the different parts of the decoration, without losing sight of its organic nature. The chronological framework corresponds to the richest period of the Society’s ornamental activity under the Ancien Régime, and the geographical framework to a territory little explored by researchers in comparison with the Germanic area and the Italian peninsula. The churches of the six Jesuit provinces concerned have rarely been considered apart from their architectural interest, and even less so through a comparative approach that reveal the Jesuits’ capacity of adaptation through the transfer and appropriation of plastic and iconographic models, as well as ideas and values. Based on a limited corpus of studies, this thesis aims to shed light on the relationship to the visual environment on the part of a religious order particularly attentive to the material and symbolic dimension of ornament, as the nature of one of its most effective means of interaction with its members and with the outside society

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Breviglieri, Crasso Paulo Bosco [UNESP]. "Diversidade de morcegos (Chiroptera; Mammalia) em três áreas do noroeste paulista, com ênfase nas relações tróficas em Phyllostomidae." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87596.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:22:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-03-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:10:11Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 breviglieri_cpb_me_sjrp.pdf: 448706 bytes, checksum: cc4e437e1c6fba71a0e0e2b6d1d3c65e (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Os morcegos constituem um grupo de mamíferos extremamente importantes do ponto de vista ecológico e de saúde pública, sendo importantes dispersores de sementes e pólen nos trópicos. Com a expansão dos agronegócios cada vez mais intensa no noroeste do estado de São Paulo, mais rara fica a presença de fragmentos de mata nativa que sejam substanciais a ponto de manter uma grande variedade de espécies. O próprio desconhecimento da diversidade de espécies para a maioria dos táxons constitui empecilho para a tomada de medidas de cunho conservacionista na região. Nesse contexto, os objetivos deste estudo foram, 1) realizar um levantamento da diversidade de espécies de morcegos - com ênfase nas suas relações tróficas em Phyllostomidae - encontrada em três áreas na região noroeste do Estado de São Paulo: (i) Mata Ciliar junto ao córrego Talhadinho, (ii) Mata Ciliar Córrego dos Tenentes e (iii) Fazenda Experimental (Pólo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico dos Agronegócios do Centro Norte) e testar o efeito da localização da área sobre a riqueza e abundância das espécies; e 2) Verificar interações entre guildas de morcegos e seus recursos alimentares. Para isso, foram realizadas duas coletas mensais em cada área durante o período de junho de 2005 a maio de 2006, utilizando oito redes tipo mist-net montadas ao anoitecer e retiradas após as 0300 h. Após a captura, os morcegos foram identificados em campo, e o antebraço medido com paquímetro. A massa corporal foi registrada com uma balança de campo. Após estes procedimentos o animal foi marcado com uma anilha metálica numerada, com o auxílio de um aplicador, e solto. As relações tróficas foram comparadas utilizando o índices de similaridade de Bray-Curtis, índice de Levins,... The bats constitute a group of extremely important mammals of the ecological viewpoint and of public health, being important dispersores of seeds and pollen in the tropics. With the expansion of the agribusinesses more and more intense in the northwest of the state of São Paulo, more rare stayed the native forest fragments presence that be substantial to the point of maintain a big range of species. The own unfamiliarity of the diversity of species for the majority of the táxons was constituted impediment for the conservation stamp measures taking in the region. In that context, the objectives of this study were, 10 1) carry out a hoist of the bats species diversity - with emphasis in his trophic relations in Phyllostomidae - found in three areas in the northwest region of the State of São Paulo: (I) Ciliary Forest next to the Talhadinho brook, (ii) Ciliary Forest of the Tenentes brook and (iii) Experimental Farm (Pólo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico dos Agronegócios do Centro Norte) and quiz the effect of the location of the area about the wealth and abundance of the species; and 2) Verify interactions between guilds of bats and his resources you will feed. For that, were carried out two monthly collections in each area during the period of June of 2005 to May of 2006, utilizing eight amounted to mist-net kind nets the nightfall and retreats after the 0300 h. After capture, the bats were identified in field, and the forearm measured with pachymeter. The corporal batter was recorded with a scale of field. After these procedures the animal was marked with a anilha metallic numbered ring, with the aid of an aplicador, and free. The trophic relations were compared utilizing the indices of similarity of Bray-Enjoy, index of Levins, superimposition of niche and analyses of complex nets. They were recorded twenty-four ...(Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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Giaier, Kevin Stanton. "Designing Shape Changing Mechanisms for Planar and Spatial Applications." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1418043619.

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Stening, Alexander. "Analysis and Reduction of Parasitic Effects in Induction Motors With Die-Cast Rotors." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektrisk energiomvandling, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-119603.

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This thesis presents a study of inter-bar current effects on induction motors with die-cast aluminium and die-cast copper rotors. The parasitic effects introduced by these currents are analyzed and possible solutions to these problems are presented. This is realized by developing analytical tools for the simulation of inter-bar current effects. The methods used are verified by measurements on prototype machines. It is shown that the inter-bar currents can have a considerable effect on the motor starting performance, which can result in a reduced pull-out torque. At rated operation, this is seen as increased harmonic rotor currents, having a negative effect on the motor performance. Results from calorimetric measurements show, that the efficiency gained when substituting a skewed die-cast aluminium rotor with a skewed die-cast copper rotor, is less than the theoretical expectation. It is shown that this is a result of a reduced power factor for the copper rotor. High inter-bar currents are believed to be the origin of this effect, increasing the harmonic content in the rotor magnetomotive force. This would be seen as an increased rotor leakage reactance. Results from locked-rotor tests, and simulations using measured values of inter-bar resistance, support this theory. It is shown, that these negative effects are suppressed to a negligible level by the use of an unskewed rotor, but to the expense of a large synchronous torque at a low speed. By using a modulated rotor concept, having an asymmetrical rotor slot distribution, an unskewed rotor is designed to reduce this parasitic torque. Measurements on a prototype machine show that the modulated rotor suppresses both the inter-bar currents and the synchronous torque, resulting in an improved starting performance, without any significant change of the motor efficiency. The presented results strengthen the potential of the modulated rotor concept, introducing new possibilities for the reduction of negative effects appearing in induction machines. QC 20130320

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Gimenes, Humberto Scalco. "An?lise em conjunta de testes cosmol?gicos." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16642.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:15:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 HumbertoSG_DISSERT.pdf: 1623099 bytes, checksum: 9db2624a800c722b68b561bc7a9bc747 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-04-01 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior Nesta disserta??o, uma revis?o sobre tr?s modelos cosmol?gicos n?o-padr?o do tipo Friedmann-Robertson-Walker s?o apresentados. O modelo !CDM, o g?s de Chaplygin generalizado e o modelo de brana de Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP). Apresentamos tamb?m, tr?s testes estat?sticos utilizados em Cosmologia, cada um envolvendo uma vela padr?o diferente. Estes testes t?m como objetivo, vincular os diferentes par?metros de cada modelo e assim compar?-los com os dados observacionais mais atuais. Efetuamos o teste do m?dulo de dist?ncia de Supernovas do tipo Ia, atrav?s de 580 Supernovas do Union Compilation 2.1 (2011) [1]. A Fra??o de massa de aglomerados de gal?xias, onde utilizamos um conjunto de 52 aglomerados observados pelo CHANDRA (2009) [2] e a raz?o CMB/BAO, onde foram utilizados um conjunto de 6 picos de BAO do WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey (2011) [3]. Esses testes foram aplicados para cada um dos modelos apresentados. Verificamos que individualmente, os testes cosmol?gicos n?o s?o bons o suficiente para vincular modelos, criando espa?os param?tricos degenerados, necessitando de uma an?lise em conjunta dos testes para vincular os par?metros. OBS: N?o foi poss?vel efetuar a descri??o integral do resumo, devido o fato do sistema utilizado n?o aceitar os s?mbolos existentes. Desse modo, solicitamos que a visualiza??o desse elemento seja efetuada no arquivo da disserta??o.

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Raga, Emmanuelle. "Le Banquet et la "transformation du monde romain": entre Romanitas, Barbaritas et Christianisme :espace romain occidental, IVe-VIe siècle." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209918.

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Ma thèse se concentre sur la question de la transformation de la pratique du banquet classique face, d’une part, à la nouvelle situation sociopolitique découlant de l’installation des royaumes dits successeurs et de la dissolution des structures politiques classiques ;et d’autre part, face à l’intensification de ce que l’on appelle communément la « christianisation » du monde romain. Mes recherches concernent le monde romain occidental (Gaule, Italie et Espagne) à partir du moment où le discours ascétique oriental se diffuse massivement en occident dans la seconde moitié du IVe siècle, mettant fin à ce que Robert Markus appelle le « christianisme antique ». La question principale de ma thèse concerne le discours chrétien et ascétique qui porte sur les questions alimentaires et les réponses données par les groupes sociaux dont l’usage du banquet classique est suffisamment documenté. En l’occurrence les aristocrates (en ce compris les évêques), les communautés cénobitiques et le mouvement anachorétique. La seconde question abordée dans mes recherches est celle posée par la présence « barbare » et l’image du mangeur barbare en ces siècles de transition socioculturelle. Le terminus ante quem de mes recherches se situe à la fin du VIe siècle, en un monde romain désormais indubitablement transformé. La mia tesi si incentra sulla questione della trasformazione della pratica classica del banchetto nel confronto, da una parte con la nuova situazione sociale e politica dovuta all’insediamento dei regni post-romani, e, dall’altra, con l’intensificazione della cosiddetta “cristianizzazione” del mondo romano. La tesi riguarda lo spazio romano occidentale (cioè Gallia, Italia, Spagna) a partire dal momento in cui si diffonde la grande moda dell’ascetismo orientale dalla seconda metà del IV secolo. La questione principale della tesi, che occupa i capitoli tre e quattro, riguarda il discorso cristiano e ascetico sull’alimentazione e poi le risposte date dai gruppi sociali il cui uso del banchetto è documentato a sufficienza, in fatti specie gli aristocratici, il mondo monastico, e gli eremiti. I due primi capitoli riguardano, rispettivamente, la pratica del banchetto classico nella tarda antichità e la questione della presenza “barbara” e dell’immagine del mangiatore barbaro in quei secoli. La conclusione della tesi si colloca alla fine del VI secolo, in un momento in cui il mondo romano è indubbiamente trasformato.My doctoral thesis concentrates on the question of the transformation of the classical banquet through the encounter with, on the one hand, the new sociopolitical situation due to the migration and installation of the new successor kingdoms ;and on the other hand, with the intensification of the Christianization of the Roman world. My research focuses on the Western Roman world (Gaul, Italy and Spain) from the moment in which the eastern ascetic discourse spreads widely in the West in the second half of the 4th century, causing what Robert Markus calls “The end of Ancient Christianity”. The main question of my thesis regards the Christian and ascetic discourse on food practices and the answers given by the social groups who’s uses of the banquet is documented enough. In this case, the aristocrats (within which the bishops), the monastic communities and the hermits. The second question taken into consideration in my thesis is the one presented by the “barbarian” presence and the literary image of the barbarian eater in these centuries of socio cultural transformation. The terminus ante quem of my research is placed at the end of the 6th century, in a undoubtly transformed Roman world. Doctorat en Histoire, art et archéologie info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Nguyen, Triet M. ""Little Consideration... to Preparing Vietnamese Forces for Counterinsurgency Warfare"? History, Organization, Training, and Combat Capability of the RVNAF, 1955-1963." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23126.

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This dissertation is a focused analysis of the origins, organization, training, politics, and combat capability of the Army of the Republic of Viet Nam (ARVN) from 1954 to 1963, the leading military instrument in the national counterinsurgency plan of the government of the Republic of Viet Nam (RVN). Other military and paramilitary forces that complemented the army in the ground war included the Viet Nam Marine Corps (VNMC), the Civil Guard (CG), the Self-Defense Corps (SDC) and the Civil Irregular Defense Groups (CIDG) which was composed mainly of the indigenous populations in the Central Highlands of South Vietnam. At sea and in the air, the Viet Nam Air Force (VNAF) and the Viet Nam Navy (VNN) provided additional layers of tactical, strategic and logistical support to the military and paramilitary forces. Together, these forces formed the Republic of Viet Nam Armed Forces (RVNAF) designed to counter the communist insurgency plaguing the RVN. This thesis argues the following. First, the origin of the ARVN was rooted in the French Indochina War (1946-1954). Second, the ARVN was an amalgamation of political and military forces born from a revolution that encompassed three overlapping wars: a war of independence between the Vietnamese and the French; a civil war between the Vietnamese of diverse social and political backgrounds; and a proxy war as global superpowers and regional powers backed their own Vietnamese allies who, in turn, exploited their foreign supporters for their own purposes. Lastly, the ARVN failed not because it was organized, equipped, and trained for conventional instead of counterinsurgency warfare. Rather, it failed to assess, adjust, and adapt its strategy and tactics quickly enough to meet the war’s changing circumstances. The ARVN’s slowness to react resulted from its own institutional weaknesses, military and political problems that were beyond its control, and the powerful and dangerous enemies it faced. The People’s Army of Viet Nam (PAVN) and the People’s Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF) were formidable adversaries. Not duplicated in any other post-colonial Third World country and led by an experienced and politically tested leadership, the Democratic Republic of Viet Nam (DRVN) and the National Front for the Liberation of Southern Viet Nam (NFLSVN) exploited RVN failures effectively. Hypothetically, there was no guarantee that had the US dispatched land forces into Cambodia and Laos or invaded North Vietnam that the DRVN and NFLSVN would have quit attacking the RVN. The French Far East Expeditionary Corps (FFEEC)’ occupation of the Red River Delta did not bring peace to Cochinchina, only a military stalemate between it and the Vietnamese Liberation Army (VLA). Worse yet, a US invasion potentially would have unnerved the People’s Republic of China (PRC) which might have sent the PLAF to fight the US in Vietnam as it had in Korea. Inevitably, such unilateral military action would certainly provoke fierce criticism and opposition amongst the American public at home and allies abroad. At best, the war’s expansion might have bought a little more time for the RVN but it could never guarantee South Vietnam’s survival. Ultimately, RVN’s seemingly endless political, military, and social problems had to be resolved by South Vietnam’s political leaders, military commanders, and people but only in the absence of constant PAVN and PLAF attempts to destroy whatever minimal progress RVN made politically, militarily, and socially. The RVN was plagued by many problems and the DRVN and NFLSVN, unquestionably, were amongst those problems.

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Chiang, Chi-Li, and 江集鯉. "Diet and Foraging Strategies of Taiwanese woolly bat (Kerivoula sp.) at Bailan, Hsinchu." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15361494677381172389.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 動物學研究研究所 94 Since July, 2003 to April, 2005, we trapped Taiwanese woolly bats (Kerivoula sp.) at three sites (upper bamboo forest site, lower bamboo forest site and broad-leaf forest site) in Bailan, Hsinchu to study the main type of their foraging habitats at Bailan and the relationships between the habitats and food resource. The diet of Taiwanese woolly bat was revealed by analysing feces from captured individuals and we further investigated the relationships between the bats’ dietary variation and the fluctuation of food-resource. Besides, we examined selection of prey size by Taiwanese woolly bat and tried to deduce height level of their foraging zone within the habitats and their preying mode. During this research, we captured significantly more Taiwanese woolly bats at upper bamboo forest site than broad-leaf forest site; however, the quantities of the important food-resource of the bats at the bamboo forest site were not greater than that at broad-leaf forest. Perhaps the quantity of food-resource was not the most important factor leading to the phenomenon that Taiwanese woolly bat appeared more often at bamboo forest site than broad-leaf forest site. Taiwanese woolly bat ate 19 prey items (18 arthropod orders), of which 11 items have no wings or poor flying ability. These 11 items comprised 68.0% of the relative importance of their diet. The most important food item of Taiwanese woolly bat was spider (Araneae) comprising 93.9% of the frequency of occurrence and 32.7% of the relative importance of diet. These results indicated that gleaning is the bats’ main preying mode. Within bamboo forest, there were fewer quantities of spiders and beetles in autumn than summer, and such condition also occurred in the diet of the bats. Diet breadth, numbers of prey items and ranges of prey size all increased in autumn. We suggested that Taiwanese woolly bats would be less selective on food when spiders and beetles were rare during autumn. The less food-selection also resulted in the increase of numbers of prey items. Taiwanese woolly bat tended to select the prey size larger than 4.0mm, 4.1 to 6.0mm was the most common range of prey size. The important prey items of Taiwanese woolly bats were more similar to food-resource at bushes than to that at median or upper level within bamboo forest. We suggested Taiwanese woolly bat at Bailan forages mainly at bushes in bamboo forests.

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Prakash, Harish. "Foraging Decisions of the Lesser False Vampire Bat, Megaderma Spasma in a Heterogeneous Landscape." Thesis, 2019. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4409.

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Predators make various foraging decisions at different spatial and temporal scales. Such decisions can be studied at two levels: patch decisions at the landscape level, and prey decisions at the foraging patch level. In my thesis, I attempted to understand these patch and prey level decisions in the insectivorous bat, Megaderma spasma (lesser false vampire bat), in a human-dominated heterogeneous landscape. I first investigated space use in the context of roost use and foraging locations. Individual bats showed fidelity to both their roost and foraging sites across days. We also found that male bats showed greater foraging range than females, and individuals appeared to have exclusive non-overlapping foraging ranges. Next, I examined if the patch level decisions of the predator were driven by prey resources. I first tested habitat selection of M. spasma at the landscape level. Following this, I observed if the habitat selection was influenced by insect resources. The results showed that bats selected for forest habitats more often than other habitats. However, there was no difference between insect diversity at the order level between forest and plantation habitats. I also investigated if spatial (landscape) and temporal heterogeneity (season) of prey resources and prey vulnerability affects the bat’s diet patterns. The results suggest that seasonality predicts the diet diversity of M. spasma, while landscape does not. I also examined differences in the prey vulnerability faced by the sexes in two bush cricket genera. Lastly, I examined the trade-off between prey detection and localizability and how it affects the predator’s foraging efficiency. Previous studies have shown that predators are attracted towards prey aggregates but face a confusion effect while localizing them. Such studies have however examined predators that use visual cues to detect prey. Results from this study indicated that the acoustically orienting predator, M. spasma showed a preference for calling prey aggregates, but foraging efficiency decreased while localizing, suggesting a confusion effect in the auditory context.

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McConville, Anna. "The ecology of the east-coast free-tailed bat (Mormopterus norfolkensis) in the Hunter region." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1042325.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) A detailed understanding of the ecology of threatened species is essential if we wish to develop effective conservation management strategies. Mormopterus norfolkensis (eastcoast free-tailed bat) is a threatened insectivorous bat species of which little is known. The aim of this thesis was to address knowledge gaps regarding key aspects of the ecology of M. norfolkensis, including habitat, roost selection and diet. Habitat use was investigated at multiple spatial scales, using three independent and systematically collected datasets. Overall, preferred habitat for M. norfolkensis was identified as productive floodplain areas, especially freshwater wetland, with urban landuse and dry sclerophyll forest avoided. Habitat use by M. norfolkensis was contrasted with two other morphologically similar and sympatric molossid species. Despite having similar morphologies and echolocation designs, differences in habitat use among species were found. The broad habitat types predicted from habitat models prepared at a regional-scale, using presence - absence data, were generally consistent with local-scale models, prepared using an index of activity. However, the fine-scale predictive ability of regional-scale models was poor, indicating that a cautious approach be adopted regarding their use at fine-scales, particularly when the consequences of error are severe. In a detailed study of roost selection by a maternity colony, lactating female M. norfolkensis were found to be faithful to two patches of mangrove forest close to where they were captured. Females regularly switched roosts and roosted in hollows singularly or in small groups. Maternity roosts were located in locally unique mangrove forest which had abundant hollow-bearing trees and a stable microclimate. Finally, six insect orders were recorded in the diet of M. norfolkensis, with Lepidoptera and Diptera the most frequently encountered. A new and developing molecular method of prey identification.

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Bendová, Barbora. "Potravní ekologie netopýra velkého (Myotis myotis)." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-353813.

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In 2012 it was observed foraging ecology of the three males of greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis), inhabiting individual roosts in the interior of road bridge near Bernartice, and the nearest nursery colony of the same species in the village Senožaty (district Pelhřimov). In the period April to September in Senožaty were made 14 collections at intervals of approximately 14 days and in the bridge near Bernartice at similar intervals were made 8 collections from each male in the period from May to September. From each collection were subsequently been analyzed 20 samples (pellets) by the traditional method of preparation of faeces. Overall it was from all the bats analyzed 760 samples, of which 280 from the nursery colony and 480 from males. Based on the analysis was found diet composition of individual bats and of the colony, where the overall character of the trophic niche of the greater mouse-eared bat, seasonal dynamics in it's diet composition, sex differences and individual differences between males were observed. From a point of view of it's hunting strategy the greater mouse-eared bat showed itself as a ground gleaner, in whose diet were dominated larger Coleoptera, of which the predominant component were large, flightless, mostly forest Carabidae, adding medium and smaller species of...

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"The Flavor Station: A Pilot Salad Bar Trial to Increase Fruit and Vegetable Consumption in Elementary School Children." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53479.

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abstract: Most American children consume less than the recommend amount of fruits and vegetables (F&V), 74% and 84%, respectively. Eating too few F&V in childhood is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, hypertension, respiratory symptoms, and some cancers later in life. Adequate F&V consumption favorably impacts antioxidant status, gut flora, mood, and cognitive functioning. Nutrients such as vitamin C and fiber are only naturally occurring in plant foods. For many children, school lunches are an important source of F&V. This pilot study assessed the feasibility of providing condiments to increase children’s consumption of salad bar F&V in an elementary school cafeteria at lunchtime. The trial site was a single Title 1 elementary school in a large, urban district in the greater Phoenix metropolitan area. Taste tests were conducted on three convenience samples of children in grades 3 – 7, aged 8 – 12 years (n=57) to identify the most popular condiment flavors. The five highest rated flavors were made available daily at a “flavor station” in the school’s lunchroom for three consecutive weeks during the Fall 2018 semester. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze data. A cost analysis was conducted for capital outlays related to the flavor station. School employee perceptions of F&V and the flavor station were assessed via posttest online surveys. Peanut butter was rated the best tasting condiment by children and was the only condiment that increased in popularity throughout the intervention. Overall, daily F&V consumption increased 17 g per child. There was a linear increase in F&V consumption during the study (r=0.986; P=0.014). As a proportion of the total F&V selected, F&V waste decreased by nearly 3%. The average daily cost of providing the flavor station was $0.09 per student. Sixty-five percent of school staff felt that the flavor station should continue at their school. Peanut butter is an affordable, nutrient-dense food that accommodates the USDA Food and Nutrition Service meal patterns and nutrition standards, and thus, is a viable strategy for increasing F&V consumption and decreasing F&V waste. The results herein inform the development of future interventions to improve the palatability of F&V for children. Dissertation/Thesis Doctoral Dissertation Exercise and Nutritional Sciences 2019

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Veselka, Nina. "Thumb Morphology, Feeding Behavior and the Evolution of Frugivory in New World Leaf-Nosed Bats (Family: Phyllostomidae)." 2013. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/975.

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Forelimbs in many mammals are used in both locomotion and the acquisition of food. In bats, the forelimbs are highly specialized for flight, but the thumb is free to preform other functions. Using morphological data from museum specimens and field observations of feeding behavior, I documented how Neotropical leaf-nosed bats (family: Phyllostomidae) use their thumbs during feeding, and examined how thumb structure and function are linked with diet. I then used these data to test when changes in thumb morphology and feeding behaviour evolved, focusing on two specific time points: the evolution of frugivory in phyllostomids; and the diversification point at the base of the clade Stenodermatinae, which are hard canopy fruit specialists. I found that size-corrected thumb length was weakly associated with diet, but the frequency and duration of thumb use were higher in frugivorous species than in their insectivorous counterparts. Likewise, the function for which frugivores used their thumbs differed from insectivores, although variation in specific thumb movements could not be teased apart in the analyses. When I modeled selective regimes of diet, I found that species that consumed fruit showed selection for increased frequency and duration of thumb movements, but there was no evidence of selection for increased thumb length at either of the two evolutionary time points tested. This suggests that a shift in how thumbs are used during feeding, and not thumb morphology, may be linked to a transition from a mainly insectivorous diet to frugivory in phyllostomid bats.

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Ferreira, Pedro Filipe Martins de Melo. "Avaliação dos efeitos imunomoduladores da alimentação no BALT, num modelo experimental de cancro de mama induzido por 1,12-dimetilbenzantraceno (DMBA)." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/36538.

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Trabalho final do 5º ano com vista à atribuição do grau de mestre no âmbito do ciclo de estudos de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra. Introdução: O sistema respiratório tem a capacidade de metabolizar os xenobióticos que chegam tanto pelo ar como pela corrente sanguínea. Estes podem desempenhar um papel importantíssimo na alteração celular e carcinogénese. O dimetilbenzantraceno (DMBA) é um destes compostos carcinogénicos e com comprovados efeitos de inibição do sistema imunitário. O BALT é um dos locais indutores da resposta antigénica e a modulação desta resposta reveste-se de interesse quanto aos seus potenciais efeitos sistémicos e em particular a nível da cavidade oral. Objectivos: O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar, avaliar e concluir quanto aos potenciais efeitos imunomoduladores da alimentação, por avaliação do BALT, num modelo experimental de cancro de mama induzido por DMBA em grupos de ratos Sprague-Dawley sujeitos a diferentes planos dietéticos e inferir quanto às possíveis implicações destes efeitos para a saúde oral. Materiais e Métodos: A 168 animais, divididos em 7 grupos sendo um controlo e seis com administração do carcinogénio DMBA e planos dietéticos diferentes. Após o sacrifício e a necrópsia, foram observadas ao microscópio ótico 168 preparações histopatológicas de tecido pulmonar, e o BALT avaliado aplicando histopatologia com graduação semi-quantitativa quanto aos folículos e centros germinativos, área interfolicular, células apoptóticas, células plasmáticas, macrófagos pigmentados e HEV proeminentes. Resultados: O grupo sujeito a uma dieta de restrição calórica apresentou consistentemente parâmetros de resposta imunológica mais elevados, seguido do grupo alimentado com dieta mediterrânica e o grupo com dieta suplementada com feijão. Parâmetros mais diminuídos foram observados no grupo com dieta suplementada com azeite seguido do grupo sujeito apenas ao carcinogénio e alimentado com ração “padrão”. Conclusões: Os dados obtidos parecem indicar um efeito imunomodulador da dieta no BALT, apontando para uma maior influência estimulatória da fibra alimentar e restrição calórica em relação aos outros alimentos estudados, e um efeito inibidor com o azeite.

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Dietz, Markus [Verfasser]. "Influence of reproduction on thermoregulation, food intake and foraging strategies of free-ranging female and male Daubenton's bat, Myotis daubentonii (Vespertilionidae) / vorgelegt von Markus Dietz." 2006. http://d-nb.info/995440115/34.

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Dietz, Christian [Verfasser]. "Aspects of ecomorphology in the five European horseshoe bats (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae) in the area of sympatry / von Christian Dietz." 2007. http://d-nb.info/987175874/34.

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Žďárská, Lenka. "Potravní ekologie netopýrů Středozemí." Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-323662.

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This work gives an overview of the composition of the diet of bats in the eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East, discusses the structure of bat communities in different bioregions of the area in terms of hunting strategies and resource partitioning and last but not least, how echolocation and morphological characteristics of bats affect the composition of the diet. Although some samples were relatively small therefore it is necessary to look soberly at their informative value, and thus their importance is undeniable. The study in some cases provides completely the first information regarding the composition of diet in several species. Asellia arabica mainly catches Coleoptera (Scarabaeidae), Triaenops persicus hunts Lepidoptera, but Heteroptera, Coleoptera (Scarabaeidae) and Orthoptera too, while Triaenops parvus is a specialist in hunting Lepidoptera. Rhinopoma muscatellum hunts mainly Formicoidea, followed by Coleoptera (Melolonthinae) and Heteroptera, Rhinopoma hadramauticum hunts Formicoidea. Lepidoptera of different size, Heteroptera and Coleoptera are the prey of Chaerephon nigeriae. Pipistrellus hanaki has a wide niche breadth as other species of the genus Pipistrellus. In this study Brachycera, Auchenorrhyncha and Coleoptera primarily occurred in its diet. Not yet described species of...

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Ficková, Barbora. "Náboženské motivy skupiny Die Pilger." Master's thesis, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-405677.

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Religious motifs in the works of the Art Group "Die Pilger" Abstract: The topic of this Thesis is the German-Czech art group called Die Pilger which was active mainly in Prague between 1920-1923. Its main specific feature was a strong focus on religious motifs among which Bible themes prevailed. However, religious motifs were not portrayed in a historical manner but the group often used unusual modern means of expression. However, the religious focus of the group was not proclaimed anywhere, nor did it correspond to all the work produced by the members of the group. The thesis focuses on the religiously motivated creation of the group and analyses what specific themes the artists have chosen. The aim, however, is not to list the depictions and their frequency, but to interpret individual ways of processing the given motif and through it to define the relationship of the group to these motifs and the reasons for their use. Semiotics seems to be the most appropriate examination method to apply in this case which allows you to move away from the historical burden of works and focus only on their content. The second part of the thesis analyses the narrative that is associated with the group and which significantly influences the way we perceive the work of the group. In addition to the interpretation of...

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"Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum DBFZ gemeinnützige GmbH - Grundsteinlegung Neubau 31. August 2016." DBFZ Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbH, 2016. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A35656.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bat diet'

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