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Journal articles on the topic 'Bath sponges'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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1

CASTRITSI-CATHARIOS, J., H. MILIOU, K. KAPIRIS, and E. KEFALAS. "Recovery of the commercial sponges in the central and southeastern Aegean Sea (NE Mediterranean) after an outbreak of sponge disease." Mediterranean Marine Science 12, no. 1 (January 12, 2011): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/mms.50.

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The distribution and biometry of commercial sponges (Porifera) in coastal areas of the central and southeastern Aegean Sea was investigated to estimate the recovery progress of the populations eight years after the first appearance of sponge disease. Signs of the disease were detected only in 1.6% of the harvested sponges. Multivariate analysis on the percentage abundance of sponges showed two distinct groups among the sixteen fishing grounds studied: the eight deep (50-110 m) and the eight shallow ones (<40 m). The group from the deep depths consisted of Spongia officinalis adriatica, S. agaricina and S. zimocca. The infralittoral zone was characterized by the presence of Hippospongia communis, S. officinalis adriatica and S. officinalis mollissima. These bath sponges showed an enhanced abundance in the eastern Cretan Sea (S. Aegean Sea). In addition, their dimensions, particularly height, increased with increasing depth. It is indicated that the hydrographic conditions prevailing in the eastern Cretan Sea affected the repopulating processes of sponge banks. In each species, the biometric characteristics of the experimental specimens were similar to those of the sponges found in the market and harvested at respective depths prior to the appearance of sponge disease.

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GABRIELE, COSTA, GIUSSANI VALENTINA, KLETOU DEMETRIS, KLEITOU PERIKLIS, PANSINI MAURIZIO, SETTI ALEXIA, PRONZATO ROBERTO, and BERTOLINO MARCO. "A first preliminary study of the shallow water sponge fauna from Cyprus Island (Eastern Mediterranean)." Zootaxa 4450, no. 5 (July 27, 2018): 594. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4450.5.7.

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Currently, more than 8,500 valid sponge species are reported in the World Porifera Database (http://www.marinespecies.org/porifera/) (van Soest et al. 2018). The Mediterranean Sea sponge fauna, counting almost 700 species, is one of the best documented in the world (Pronzato 2003; Pansini et al. 2011; van Soest et al. 2018) but the eastern part of the basin is by far less studied, in comparison with other Mediterranean areas (Pansini et al. 2000; Voultsiadou & Vafidis 2004; Topaloğlu & Evcen 2014). A small number of species, mainly belonging to the cosmopolitan genus Spongia (Dictyoceratida), are commonly used as bath sponges. Aim of this work is to provide further information on Cyprus Island sponges in general and on species that had commercial importance in the past.

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Marı́n, Mercedes, Darı́o Garcı́a de Viedma, Pablo Martı́n-Rabadán, Marta Rodrı́guez-Créixems, and Emilio Bouza. "Infection of Hickman Catheter byPseudomonas (formerly Flavimonas)oryzihabitans Traced to a Synthetic Bath Sponge." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 12 (2000): 4577–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.12.4577-4579.2000.

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Pseudomonas (formerly Flavimonas)oryzihabitans is an uncommon pathogen that may cause catheter-associated infections. Although it has occasionally been isolated from the environment, the source of human infection has not previously been documented. We describe an AIDS patient who developedPseudomonas oryzihabitans bacteremia due to colonization of a Hickman catheter. The patient reported having strictly followed the recommendations for catheter hygiene. The only flaw detected was the use of a synthetic bath sponge in the shower. The sponge was cultured and yielded P. oryzihabitans among other nonfermentative, gram-negative bacilli. To determine the prevalence of P. oryzihabitans in sponges, we cultured 15 samples from unrelated households. The microorganism was isolated from 3 of the 15 samples. Molecular typing by arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR) was performed with the environmental and clinical isolates. Three different profiles were obtained for the six isolates analyzed from the patient's sponge. The strain from the AIDS patient was identical to one of those from his sponge and was different from all the remaining strains. The AP-PCR typing results were subsequently confirmed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. It can be concluded that sponges are occasionally colonized by P. oryzihabitans. For the first time a probable source of an indwelling catheter contamination with this bacterium has been found. Patients carrying these devices should avoid using sponge-like materials, as these are suitable environments for nonfermentative, gram-negative bacilli.

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4

Duckworth, Alan. "Farming Sponges to Supply Bioactive Metabolites and Bath Sponges: A Review." Marine Biotechnology 11, no. 6 (July 8, 2009): 669–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10126-009-9213-2.

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5

Voultsiadou, E., T. Dailianis, C. Antoniadou, D. Vafidis, C. Dounas, and C. C. Chintiroglou. "Aegean Bath Sponges: Historical Data and Current Status." Reviews in Fisheries Science 19, no. 1 (December 15, 2010): 34–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10641262.2010.531794.

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6

Johnson, Debra, Lauri Lineweaver, and Lenora M. Maze. "Patients’ Bath Basins as Potential Sources of Infection: A Multicenter Sampling Study." American Journal of Critical Care 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc2009968.

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Background Nosocomial infections are a marked burden on the US health care system and are linked to a high number of patient deaths. Objective To identify and quantify bacteria in patients’ bath basins and evaluate the basins as a possible reservoir for bacterial colonization and a risk factor for subsequent hospital-acquired infection. Methods In a prospective study at 3 acute care hospitals, 92 bath basins, including basins from 3 intensive care units, were evaluated. Sterile culture sponges were used to obtain samples from the basins. The culture sponges were sent to an outside laboratory, and qualitative and quantitative microbial tests were conducted and the results reported. Results Some form of bacteria grew in 98% of the samples (90 sponges), either by plating or on enrichment (95% confidence interval, 92%–99.7%). The organisms with the highest positive rates of growth on enrichment were enterococci (54%), gram-negative organisms (32%), Staphylococcus aureus (23%), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (13%), methicillin-resistant S aureus (8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5%), Candida albicans (3%), and Escherichia coli (2%). Mean plate counts, in colony-forming units, were 10 187 for gram-negative organisms, 99 for E coli, 30 for P aeruginosa, 86 for S aureus, 207 for enterococci, and 31 for vancomycin-resistant enterococci. Conclusions Bath basins are a reservoir for bacteria and may be a source of transmission of hospital-acquired infections. Increased awareness of bath basins as a possible source of transmission of hospital-acquired infections is needed, particularly for high-risk patients.

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7

Lester, Annette, and Roger Lock. "Sponges as visual aids - bath time fun for biologists?" Journal of Biological Education 32, no. 2 (June 1998): 87–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00219266.1998.9655601.

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8

Zhang, Wen, Juanjuan Wang, Xue Han, Lele Li, Enping Liu, and Conghua Lu. "Carbon Nanotubes and Polydopamine Modified Poly(dimethylsiloxane) Sponges for Efficient Oil–Water Separation." Materials 14, no. 9 (May 7, 2021): 2431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092431.

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In this paper, effective separation of oil from both immiscible oil–water mixtures and oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions are achieved by using poly(dimethylsiloxane)-based (PDMS-based) composite sponges. A modified hard template method using citric acid monohydrate as the hard template and dissolving it in ethanol is proposed to prepare PDMS sponge composited with carbon nanotubes (CNTs) both in the matrix and the surface. The introduction of CNTs endows the composite sponge with enhanced comprehensive properties including hydrophobicity, absorption capacity, and mechanical strength than the pure PDMS. We demonstrate the successful application of CNT-PDMS composite in efficient removal of oil from immiscible oil–water mixtures within not only a bath absorption, but also continuous separation for both static and turbulent flow conditions. This notable characteristic of the CNT-PDMS sponge enables it as a potential candidate for large-scale industrial oil–water separation. Furthermore, a polydopamine (PDA) modified CNT-PDMS is developed here, which firstly realizes the separation of O/W emulsion without continuous squeezing of the sponge. The combined superhydrophilic and superoleophilic property of PDA/CNT-PDMS is assumed to be critical in the spontaneously demulsification process.

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Wang, Qinghua, Jingwei Chen, Dexiang Wang, Minghui Shen, Huilong Ou, Jing Zhao, Ming Chen, Guoliang Yan, and Jun Chen. "Rapid Hemostatic Biomaterial from a Natural Bath Sponge Skeleton." Marine Drugs 19, no. 4 (April 15, 2021): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19040220.

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Uncontrolled bleeding is the main cause of mortality from trauma. Collagen has been developed as an important hemostatic material due to its platelet affinity function. A bath sponge skeleton is rich in collagen, also known as spongin. To understand the hemostatic effect of spongin, spongin materials, SX, SFM and SR were prepared from the bath sponge Spongia officinalis, and hemostatic experiments were performed. The SX, SFM and SR were significantly better than the positive control, type I collagen, in shortening the whole blood clotting time in vitro and hemostasis upon rat tail amputation. In a hemostatic experiment of rabbit common carotid artery injury, the hemostatic time and 3 h survival rate of the SFM group were 3.00 ± 1.53 min and 100%, respectively, which are significantly better than those of the commercial hemostat CELOX-A (10.33 ± 1.37 min and 67%, respectively). Additionally, the SFM showed good coagulation effects in platelet-deficient blood and defibrinated blood, while also showing good biocompatibility. Through a variety of tests, we speculated that the hemostatic activity of the SFM is mainly caused by its hyperabsorbency, high affinity to platelets and high effective concentration. Overall, the SFM and spongin derivates could be potential hemostatic agents for uncontrolled bleeding and hemorrhagic diseases caused by deficiency or dysfunction of coagulation factors.

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Mucci, N., F. Hozbor, G. G. Kaiser, E. Sanchez, and R. H. Alberio. "106 PREGNANCY RATE AFTER EMBRYO TRANSFER OF IN VIVO-PRODUCED OVINE EMBRYOS CRYOPRESERVED BY SLOW FREEZING OR VITRIFICATION." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 22, no. 1 (2010): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rdv22n1ab106.

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Although slow freezing is the method of choice to cryopreserve in vivo-produced ovine embryos, vitrification has became an alternative procedure mostly developed for in vitro-produced bovine embryos. The aim of this work was to compare pregnancy rates after cryopreservation of in vivo-produced ovine embryos with slow freezing or open pulled straw (OPS) vitrification method. Ewes were synchronized using intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate for 14 d. Superovulation was performed using a total dose of 176 IU of ovine FSH (Ovagen), in 6 decreasing doses (i.m.) from Day 12 to 14 of treatment (Day 0 = sponge placing). Ewes were hand mated with 2 rams of proven fertility. Embryos were recovered 6 days after estrous detection by surgical procedure, evaluated under stereomicroscope, and randomly assigned to the cryopreservation treatments. Slow freezing was performed in D-PBS supplemented with 1.78 M ethylene glycol, 0.1 M sucrose, 4 mg mL-1 of BSA, and 20% serum. Embryos were loaded into 0.25-mL plastic straws and placed into a -7°C methanol bath chamber. After seeding embryos were cooled to -35°C at a rate of 0.5°C/min and then stored in liquid nitrogen. Thawing was performed by placing the straws in a 30°C water bath for 30 sec. Vitrification was performed by using the OPS method (Vajta et al. 1998) with minor modifications. Embryos were incubated in D-PBS supplemented with 1.78 M ethylene glycol, 1.3 M DMSO for 3 min and then transferred for 25 s in vitrification solution of D-PBS with 3.56 M ethylene glycol, 2.6 M DMSO, and 0.5 M sucrose, loaded in a 1 mL drop in the OPS, and immediately submerged into and stored in liquid nitrogen. Warming was performed in D-PBS plus 0.25 M sucrose for 5 min and then into D-PBS plus 0.15 M sucrose for another 5 min. Before embryo transfer, the presence of corpus luteum (CL) was detected by laparoscopic examination. One embryo per recipient was surgically transferred in the apical extreme of the uterine horn ipsilateral to the CL. Pregnancies were determined by ultrasonography 41 days after embryo transfer. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test. We found 47.8% pregnancy rate using slow freezing (11/23) and 43.5% pregnancy rate using OPS vitrification (10/23). Statistical differences were not detected (P = 0.09). We conclude that vitrification by OPS system, with minor modifications, is a suitable procedure for in vivo-produced ovine embryo cryopreservation.

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11

Cimmarusti, Gabriele M., Abhishek Shastry, Matthieu N. Boone, Veerle Cnudde, Karl Braeckman, Anju D. M. Brooker, Eric S. J. Robles, and Melanie M. Britton. "Characterization of Open-Cell Sponges via Magnetic Resonance and X-ray Tomography." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 24, 2021): 2187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092187.

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The applications of polymeric sponges are varied, ranging from cleaning and filtration to medical applications. The specific properties of polymeric foams, such as pore size and connectivity, are dependent on their constituent materials and production methods. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray micro-computed tomography (µCT) offer complementary information about the structure and properties of porous media. In this study, we employed MRI, in combination with µCT, to characterize the structure of polymeric open-cell foam, and to determine how it changes upon compression, µCT was used to identify the morphology of the pores within sponge plugs, extracted from polyurethane open-cell sponges. MRI T2 relaxation maps and bulk T2 relaxation times measurements were performed for 7° dH water contained within the same polyurethane foams used for µCT. Magnetic resonance and µCT measurements were conducted on both uncompressed and 60% compressed sponge plugs. Compression was achieved using a graduated sample holder with plunger. A relationship between the average T2 relaxation time and maximum opening was observed, where smaller maximum openings were found to have a shorter T2 relaxation times. It was also found that upon compression, the average maximum opening of pores decreased. Average pore size ranges of 375–632 ± 1 µm, for uncompressed plugs, and 301–473 ± 1 µm, for compressed plugs, were observed. By determining maximum opening values and T2 relaxation times, it was observed that the pore structure varies between sponges within the same production batch, as well as even with a single sponge.

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Agievich, S. V., A. S. Maslau, and Yu S. Yarashenya. "On probabilities of differential trails in the bash-f sponge function." Prikladnaya diskretnaya matematika. Prilozhenie, no. 12 (September 1, 2019): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/2226308x/12/27.

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13

CASTRITSI-CATHARIOS, JEANNE, ROB W. M. VAN SOEST, EFTHIMIOS KEFALAS, and JEAN VACELET. "Revised description of a poorly known Mediterranean Dictyoceratid bath sponge, Spongia (Spongia) zimocca (Schmidt, 1862) (Porifera: Demospongiae: Dictyoceratida)." Zootaxa 2812, no. 1 (April 8, 2011): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2812.1.4.

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Spongia (Spongia) zimocca (Schmidt, 1862) is a real problem for taxonomists. This is due to the fact that it exhibits a wide diversity of forms as well as similarities with other species of the genus. Nevertheless, professional sponge fishermen are able to recognize this species easily based on their own empirical criteria. The lack of easily recognized taxonomic characters in conjunction with the ambiguity concerning the original description makes necessary an updated description of the species. We tried to solve the uncertainty existing among the taxonomists who have been involved with the description of this Mediterranean sponge, basing our description on the Schmidt type specimen and on material deposited in the Amsterdam Museum. In this paper we have summoned up not only the known morphological characters used for the identification of other species belonging to this genus (color, size, shape, skeleton structure, size of the fibers) but also additional morphological characters, used for a first time, aiming to obtain a clearer picture. These new characteristics are: tensile strength, skeletal density, morphology of the conules and the organic content of the fiber mass.

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Fisher, A. "Notes on the fifty operations." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 5, no. 5 (August 7, 2020): 503–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd55503-504.

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At the beginning of his report, the author describes in detail the environment in which he operates. The instruments immediately before the operation are boiled in water for 5 minutes, toothed instruments (tweezers, etc.) are calcined on an alcohol lamp; during the operation, they lie in boiled water. For seams, silk is used, boiled in a 5% carbolic solution and stored in a mixture of equal parts of a 1% (? Ref.) Solution of mercuric chloride and absolute alcohol; is used to apply a catgut disinfected previously lying in the course of 12 hours 0.1% mercuric chloride solution and then kept for several days in a mixture of 1 part ol juniperi and 2 parts alcohol. Sponges are rarely used - they are replaced by tampons from aseptic gauze, which are put into 1/2 solution of mercuric chloride at the time of the operation. The operator and his four assistants put on decontaminated rubber aprons; the sleeves are rolled up above the elbows; hands are washed with green soap and a brush, then with absolute alcohol and mercuric chloride solution. The patient is given a general bath on the eve of the operation and a laxative is given; then, when it is already chloroformed, the hair on mons Veneris is shaved off, the abdominal wall is thoroughly washed with green soap with a brush, sulfuric ether and 1 solution of mercuric chloride. After that, during the operation itself, the author does not use any disinfectant liquids; the abdominal cavity, if necessary, is washed with boiled water. After the operation, the edges of the abdominal wound are washed with mercuric chloride and pulverized with idoform; then sutures are applied, 3-4 deep, covering the entire thickness of the abdominal walls, and many superficial.

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Dailianis, Thanos, and Costas S. Tsigenopoulos. "Characterization of polymorphic microsatellite markers for the endangered Mediterranean bath sponge Spongia officinalis L." Conservation Genetics 11, no. 3 (April 3, 2009): 1155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10592-009-9906-0.

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Hastuti, Witri, Novi Murdiana Sari, and Indah Wulaningsih. "Tepid sponge and sponge bath to change body temperature children with dengue fever." South East Asia Nursing Research 2, no. 2 (September 14, 2020): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/seanr.2.2.2020.15-18.

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Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is a viral infection transmitted by mosquitoes causing potentially deadly complications. The typical sign of this case is getting high fever until 3-7 days then it drops quickly. To make a lower body temperature, compress the body with warm water by using tepid sponge and sponge bath techniques. The objective of this study to determine the effect of compresses with tepid sponge and sponge bath techniques on changes in children's body temperature with DHF. This study used quantitative research with quasi-experiment design two group pre-test post-test design approach. The population of 30 children with fever, with purposive sampling technique using the Lemeshow formula. The analysis used was paired T-test, Wilcoxon, and Mann Whitney at a significance level of 0.05. Wilcoxon statistical test results show there is a tepid sponge effect on children body temperature with DHF with a p-value of 0.001. The dependent t-test shows there is an influence of sponge bath in children body temperature with DHF p-value of 0,000. The Mann witney test shows that Sponge bath is more effective than a tepid sponge in reducing fever with a p-value of 0,000. The conclusion of this study can be used as a guide for treating children with fever with the issuance of a standard SPO. Application of this method needs to involve parents to maintain the comfort of children, so it needs to make socialization to parents.

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Noyer, Charlotte, and Mikel A. Becerro. "Relationship between genetic, chemical, and bacterial diversity in the Atlanto-Mediterranean bath sponge Spongia lamella." Hydrobiologia 687, no. 1 (October 11, 2011): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-011-0884-0.

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Winslow, Elizabeth H., Ann F. Jacobson, Sue Cash, and Josie Lu O'Quinn. "Baby's First Bath: Sponge or Tub?" American Journal of Nursing 97, no. 4 (April 1997): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000446-199704000-00021.

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HALFORD, BETHANY. "FINE ART GETS A NANO SPONGE BATH." Chemical & Engineering News 85, no. 42 (October 15, 2007): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cen-v085n042.p038.

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20

Irmachatshalihah, Rastia, and Dera Alfiyanti. "Kombinasi Kompres Hangat Dengan Teknik Blok Dan Teknik Seka (Tepid Sponge Bath) Menurunkan Suhu Tubuh Pada Anak Penderita Gastroentritis." Ners Muda 1, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.26714/nm.v1i3.6215.

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Gastroenteritis merupakan jenis infeksi saluran pencarnaan yang memiliki insiden paling tinggi pada anak. Manifestasi klinis gastroenteritis yaitu diare, muntah, dehidrasi dan hipertermia. Manajemen hipertermia sangat penting untuk menurunkan suhu tubuh, karena hipertermia pada kasus ini berhubungan dengan proses infeksi dan dehidrasi. Peningkatan suhu tubuh yang terlalu tinggi dapat memicu dehidrasi, letargi, dan kejang. Manajemen hipertermi non farmakologi yang efektif sesuai hasil penelitian adalah kombinasi kompres hangat dengan teknik blok dan teknik seka (tepid sponge bath). Kombinasi dua teknik kompres ini meningkatkan kontrol kehilangan panas secara evaporasi dan konveksi. Studi kasus ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kombinasi kompres hangat teknik blok dan teknik seka (tepid sponge bath) dalam menurunkan suhu tubuh. Studi kasus ini menggunakan desain deskriptif dengan pendekatan asuhan keperawatan. Subjek studi kasus adalah dua pasien anak gastroenteritis yang mengalami demam. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukan setelah dilakukan kombinasi kompres hangat dengan teknik blok dan teknik seka suhu tubuh mengalami penurunan. Rerata penurunan suhu tubuh pada responden pertama dan kedua adalah 0,5oC. Kombinasi kompres hangat dengan teknik blok dan teknik seka (tepid sponge bath) dapat menurunkan suhu tubuh pada pasien gastroentritis yang mengalami hipertermia.

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Çelik, İhsan, Şükran Cirik, Uğur Altιnağaç, Adnan Ayaz, Pιnar Çelik, Haluk Tekeşoğlu, Harun Yιlmaz, and Alkan Öztekin. "Growth performance of bath sponge (Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759) farmed on suspended ropes in the Dardanelles (Turkey)." Aquaculture Research 42, no. 12 (April 18, 2011): 1807–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2010.02781.x.

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Chang, Shuquan, Heliang Fu, Xian Wu, Chengcheng Liu, Zheng Li, Yaodong Dai, and Haiqian Zhang. "Batch and fixed-bed column studies for selective removal of cesium ions by compressible Prussian blue/polyurethane sponge." RSC Advances 8, no. 64 (2018): 36459–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra07665k.

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Peters, KL. "Bathing premature infants: physiological and behavioral consequences." American Journal of Critical Care 7, no. 2 (March 1, 1998): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.4037/ajcc1998.7.2.90.

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BACKGROUND: Routine procedures are a large component of the caretaking day for preterm infants. Such procedures can have profound adverse effects on an infant's condition, to the point of disrupting normal growth and development. Despite this evidence, routine procedures are perpetuated in the neonatal ICU. OBJECTIVE: To determine the physiological and behavioral effects of a supposedly beneficial procedure, a sponge bath, on premature infants. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 14 preterm neonates with no neurological abnormalities at two tertiary neonatal ICUs. The ages of the subjects were 28.1 to 31.8 weeks postconception and 4 to 25 days after birth. The study was a prospective, quasi-experimental, repeated-measures design in which each infant acted as his or her own control. Oxygen delivery, heart rate, oxygen saturation, and behavioral responses were continuously recorded by computer or real-time videotape. Physiological and behavioral parameters were compared across three phases: 10 minutes before a bath (baseline), during a standardized bath, and 10 minutes after the bath. RESULTS: Physiological and behavioral disruptions occurred throughout the bath phase and in many cases beyond that phase. These disruptions included significant increases in heart rate, cardiac oxygen demand, and frequency of behavioral motoric cues. Significant decreases in oxygen saturation also accompanied the bath. Nine infants required increased concentrations of ambient oxygen. A significant association was found between physiological components and the frequency and timing of behavioral motoric cues. CONCLUSIONS: The results provide further evidence that routine care is not innocuous to neonates. Routine sponge bathing is not recommended for care of ill premature infants.

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Duan, Ming, Qingqing Tang, Manlin Wang, Mengjuan Luo, Shenwen Fang, Xiujun Wang, Peng Shi, and Yan Xiong. "Preparation of poly-dopamine-silk fibroin sponge and its dye molecular adsorption." Water Science and Technology 82, no. 11 (October 20, 2020): 2353–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2020.502.

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Abstract This paper proposes a process for fabricating a poly-dopamine-silk fibroin sponge (PDA-SF) by using dopamine self-assembly and coating the skeleton of a silk fibroin sponge. The PDA-SF sponge was characterized by SEM, TEM, XPS, XRD and FT-IR. It was found that the sponge exhibits sheet structures with a pore size of 60 ± 20 μm and poly-dopamine adhered to the surface of pure silk fibroin through noncovalent bond forces. With a hierarchical porous structure, the derived sponge provides fast flow channels and abundant active sites, which will benefit the diffusion and removal of cationic dyes. Batch adsorption and dynamic adsorption of crystal violet (CV) were studied. The batch adsorption capacity of the PDA-SF sponge for CV increased with its PDA content. Under a dynamic adsorption mode, the adsorption efficiency of the PDA-SF sponge for CV (5 mg/L, 200 mL) can reach up to 98.2% after 12 min, whereas it is only 90.2% under stationary mode after 72 h. Furthermore, the sponge shows an outstanding smart adsorption performance. More importantly, the composite sponge still keeps high separation and adsorption efficiencies after 20 cycles, and the appearance remains good.

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Cao, Xiao Hui, Ming Qiu, Ai Wen Qin, Chun Ju He, and Hai Feng Wang. "Effect of Additive on the Performance of PVDF Membrane via Non-Solvent Induced Phase Separation." Materials Science Forum 789 (April 2014): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.789.240.

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Poly (vinylidene fluoride) membranes were prepared from the ternary mixture of PVDF/ 1, 2 - propylene glycol/dimethylacetamidevianon-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS). The effect of the addition of the 1, 2 - propylene glycol content, the Coagulation Bath Temperature and the concentration of PVDF on the performance and structure of the PVDF membranes was studied in the present investigation.The results showed that with increasing polymer concentration, the mechanical strength increased,and the structure of membrane changed from finger-like macro-voids structureto sponge-like structure.It was found that water flux, breaking elongation and tensile strength of the membrane increased with increasing 1, 2 - propylene glycol content, when the content reached 41wt.%, the water flux reaches a maximum.The morphology of PVDF can be improved by the addition of 1, 2 - propylene glycol, which was changed from finger-like structure to sponge-like structure. And the dense skin layer of PVDF membranes became thicker with increasing 1, 2 – propyleneglycol. The tensile strength decreasedfrom 3.3 to 2.1MPa, breaking elongation decreased from 315% to 280% andthe pure water flux increased from 91 to 909 L·m-2·h-1. as the coagulation bath temperature (CBT) decreased from 30°C to 5°C.With this condition, the sponge-like hollow fiber membrane hassuccessfully spun.

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Zhang, Liuyi. "Modelling on melting of sponge iron particles in iron-bath." Steel Research 67, no. 11 (November 1996): 466–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/srin.199605521.

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Louden, D., S. Inderbitzin, Z. Peng, and R. de Nys. "Development of a new protocol for testing bath sponge quality." Aquaculture 271, no. 1-4 (October 2007): 275–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2007.06.010.

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28

Wang, Ying Zhang, Shang Hua Zhang, Chang Qing Pang, and Jie Li. "Comparison of Luffa Cylindrical Sponge and Plastic Sponge as Carriers in Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor for Sewage Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 518-523 (May 2012): 2431–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.518-523.2431.

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Luffa cylindrical sponge and plastic sponge were used as carriers in sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) for sewage treatment in this paper. The removals of suspended solid (SS), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH3-N in sewage were studied. The average removal efficiencies of SS, COD and NH3-N with luffa cylindrical sponge were 96%, 89% and 90%, respectively, while these with plastic sponge were 94%, 83% and 80%, respectively. As a natural, cheap and environment friendly biocarrier, luffa cylindrical sponge was easy to get a biofilm with enriched microbes during the first few days of sewage treatment. It was much more suitable as a carrier than the plastic sponge for SBBR.

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Wise, J. "Sponge baths for premature babies may harm." BMJ 316, no. 7135 (March 21, 1998): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7135.881k.

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Freitas, Patrícia de, Silvia Rezende Marques, Taisy Bezerra Alves, Juliana Takahashi, and Amélia Fumiko Kimura. "Changes in physiological and behavioral parameters of preterm infants undergoing body hygiene: a systematic review." Revista da Escola de Enfermagem da USP 48, spe (August 2014): 178–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0080-623420140000600025.

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Objective To verify the effect of bathing on the body temperature of preterm infants (PTI). Method Systematic review conducted in the following bibliographic electronic sources: Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde/Lilacs (BVS), Cumulated Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science, using a combination of search terms, keywords and free terms. The review question was adjusted to the PICO acronym (Patient/population, Intervention, Control/comparative intervention, Outcome). The selected publications were evaluated according to levels of evidence and grades of recommendation for efficacy/effectiveness studies, as established by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Results Eight hundred and twenty four (824) publications were identified and four studies met the inclusion criteria, of which three analyzed the effect of sponge baths and the effect of immersion baths. Conclusion Sponge baths showed a statistically significant drop in body temperature, while in immersion baths the body temperature remained stable, although they studied late preterm infants.

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Davis, Jeanine M. "Luffa Sponge Gourd Production Practices for Temperate Climates." HortScience 29, no. 4 (April 1994): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.4.263.

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The objective of 2 years of field studies was to begin development of a luffa sponge gourd (Luffa aegyptiaca Mill.) production system for a cool, temperate climate by studying the effects of planting date, planting method, in-row spacing (30.5, 61, and 91 cm), and pruning techniques on yield and quality of luffa sponge gourds. High yields of mature gourds were obtained when transplants were field-set as soon as the danger of frost had past. Highest marketable yields were obtained when plants were spaced 30.5 cm apart in the row and the first four lateral shoots were removed. Plants spaced 91 cm apart produced gourds with the largest diameter, whereas plants with 30.5-cm in-row spacing produced the highest yields of gourds with bath sponge diameters (5.1-7.6 cm). Plants spaced 91 cm apart and topped at node six obtained high fiber density, strong fibers, and excellent visual appeal, but low yields. Yields were competitive with yields obtained in warmer climates.

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Li, Yafeng, Jianbo Wu, Yuemeng Bai, and Ning Feng. "Effect of temperature and NH4+-N influent concentration on the nitrogen removal effect of luffa cylindrical sponge carrier sequencing batch biofilm reactor." E3S Web of Conferences 218 (2020): 03033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021803033.

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In order to improve the efficiency of biological nitrogen removal, the experiment used the luffa cylindrical sponge carrier sequencing batch biofilm reactor to treat domestic sewage, and it studied the temperature on the removal effect of TN in the sewage in the reactor and the changes of various types of nitrogen. The results showed that the TN treatment rate of the luffa cylindrical sponge carrier SBBR reached the peak at 30 °C, the removal rate was 82.25%, indicating that the luffa cylindrical sponge carrier SBBR is very suitable for the removal of nitrogen from domestic sewage.

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Dağ, Yeliz Suna, and Emriye Hilal Yayan. "The effect on Bilirubin levels of massage, tub bath, and sponge bath in newborns with hyperbilirubinemia: A randomized controlled trial." European Journal of Integrative Medicine 27 (April 2019): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eujim.2019.03.003.

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Abdul Wahab, M. A., R. de Nys, and S. Whalan. "Closing the lifecycle for the sustainable aquaculture of the bath sponge Coscinoderma matthewsi." Aquaculture 324-325 (January 2012): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2011.11.006.

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35

DAILIANIS, T., C. S. TSIGENOPOULOS, C. DOUNAS, and E. VOULTSIADOU. "Genetic diversity of the imperilled bath sponge Spongia officinalis Linnaeus, 1759 across the Mediterranean Sea: patterns of population differentiation and implications for taxonomy and conservation." Molecular Ecology 20, no. 18 (August 22, 2011): 3757–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05222.x.

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Araki, Nobuo, Akiyoshi Ohashi, Izarul Machdar, and Hideki Harada. "Behaviors of nitrifiers in a novel biofilm reactor employing hanging sponge-cubes as attachment site." Water Science and Technology 39, no. 7 (April 1, 1999): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1999.0319.

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Fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) and DO microelectrodes were applied to biofilms developed in a novel reactor named DHS (downflow hanging sponge-cubes), to investigate the mechanisms of simultaneous carbon removal and nitrification. The DHS reactor was employed as an aerobic post-treatment process after an UASB anaerobic pre-treatment process receiving a municipal sewage. The presence ratio of Nitrosomonas and Nitrobacter cells to total cells of the DHS biomass was estimated by FISH technique to be 1.4% and 0.18%, respectively. Cell concentrations of both nitrifying bacteria were in good agreement with the magnitudes of ammonia-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing activities evaluated from batch tests. The habitats of both nitrifiers were the interior space of sponge-cubes, rather than within the biofilms attached onto sponge-cube surfaces. DO microelectrodes verify that the sponge-cubes insides were kept aerobically throughout the whole reactor height excluding the inlet vicinity portion.

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Zhao, Shu Mei, Zheng Wei Dai, Hai Ning Lv, and Yuan Xue. "Preparation and Morphology of SMPU/PNIPAM Semi-IPN Microporous Membrane." Advanced Materials Research 399-401 (November 2011): 1547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.399-401.1547.

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Microporous membranes were prepared by immersion precipitation phase inversion method from the semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) of shape memory polyurethane (SMPU) and poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM). The influence of material compostion and preparation procedure on the morphology of membranes such as pore structure and porosity was investigated by methods including Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Both sponge-like structure and large-pore structure were found in the membranes. The introduction of PNIPAM content in the semi-IPN promotes the formation of large-pore structures and increases the porosity of membranes, due to the improvement of water diffusion into the casting solution. We also found that by increasing the temperature of coagulation bath and the concentration of DMF in the coagulation solution, the formation of large pores could be impeded, and membranes with more sponge-like structure could be prepared.

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Zhang, Jin Chao, Guang Fen Li, Meng Meng Xue, and Hong Zhang Geng. "Three-Dimensionally Porous Polystyrene Films Fabricated via an Ultrasound Assisted Template Method." Materials Science Forum 809-810 (December 2014): 660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.809-810.660.

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Here a novel technique was employed to fabricated three-dimensionally porous polystyrene (PS) films via ultrasound assisted template method. In contrast to spin-coated thin film, different morphologies appeared on the films prepared by casting PS/toluene solution on glass substrates. By varying either systematic parameters or intrinsic parameters, surface structures changed from two-dimension flat pores to three-dimension sponge pores. The influences of ultrasonic intensity, frequency, irradiation time, film thickness and toluene content in water bath on surface morphologies were extensively studied. Scanning electron microscopy and white-light confocal microscopy showed that PS casted films with thickness of 200μm have a higher porosity and lower surface roughness within micrometer range. The contact angle measurement indicated slight changes of surface hydrophilicity with toluene content in water bath. Suitable toluene content favored multilayer formation of PS film and led to monodisperse pore distribution analyzed by ImageJ.

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Withers, James, John Laughlin, Yasser Elkadi, Jay DeSilva, and Raouf O. Loutfy. "The Production of Ti Alloy Powder from Chloride Precursors." Key Engineering Materials 436 (May 2010): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.436.35.

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It has long been a goal to produce Ti Alloy powder directly to eliminate the standard processing of melting sponge, alloying, producing a billet/ingot and then reducing to powder by one of several techniques. The batch Kroll process where reaction occurs at the reactor wall interface from TiCl4 vapor and molten magnesium, limits the potential to directly form alloys. Any batch processing has the limitation of alloy compositional control from batch to batch. A unique continuous processing approach permits the gaseous mixing of chloride precursors with metallothermic reduction that directly produces an alloy powder in a size that is useable for standard powder metallurgy. Discussion will include producing Ti-6Al-4V and other alloy powder.

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Diao, Jing, Jian Feng Xu, Song Tao Li, Xiao Hui Cao, Chun Yi Liu, and Chun Ju He. "A Novel Polyethersulfone Flat Sheet Membrane Prepared from a Lower Critical Solution Temperature System." Advanced Materials Research 538-541 (June 2012): 29–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.538-541.29.

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Polyethersulfone (PES) flat sheet membranes were prepared via phase inversion induced by immersion precipitation from a novel lower critical solution temperature (LCST) system containing PES, 1-butanol and N, N-dimethylacetamide. And the effect of coagulation bath temperature on the properties and structure of PES membranes were investigated. The results show that the pure water flux increases and the tensile strength decreases as the coagulation temperature increases form 20°C to 50°C. Besides, the SEM images shows that all of the membranes prepared from a LCST system at different CBT own sponge-like structures.

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Dinu, Maria Valentina, Doina Humelnicu, and Maria Marinela Lazar. "Analysis of Copper(II), Cobalt(II) and Iron(III) Sorption in Binary and Ternary Systems by Chitosan-Based Composite Sponges Obtained by Ice-Segregation Approach." Gels 7, no. 3 (July 24, 2021): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels7030103.

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With the intensive industrial activity worldwide, water pollution by heavy metal ions (HMIs) has become a serious issue that requires strict and careful monitoring, as they are extremely toxic and can cause serious hazards to the environment and human health. Thus, the effective and efficient removal of HMIs still remains a challenge that needs to be solved. In this context, copper(II), cobalt(II) and iron(III) sorption by chitosan (CS)-based composite sponges was systematically investigated in binary and ternary systems. The composites sponges, formed into beads, consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)- or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-functionalized CS, entrapping a natural zeolite (Z), were prepared through an ice-segregation technique. The HMI sorption performance of these cryogenically structured composite materials was assessed through batch experiments. The HMI sorption capacities of CSZ-EDTA and CSZ-DTPA composite sponges were compared to those of unmodified sorbents. The Fe(III) ions were mainly taken up when they were in two-component mixtures with Co(II) ions at pH 4, whereas Cu(II) ions were preferred when they were in two-component mixtures with Co(II) ions at pH 6. The recycling studies indicated almost unchanged removal efficiency for all CS-based composite sorbents even after the fifth cycle of sorption/desorption, supporting their remarkable chemical stability and recommending them for the treatment of HMI-containing wastewaters.

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42

Meraikib, Mohammed. "Manganese Distribution between a Slag and a Bath of Molten Sponge Iron and Scrap." ISIJ International 33, no. 3 (1993): 352–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2355/isijinternational.33.352.

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43

Bogdan, Liviu, Sanda Andrei, Anamaria Luciana Blaga Petrean, Ileana Bogdan, Ioan Paşca, and Sidonia Bogdan. "Surveillance and management of estrous cycle in Awassi and Lacaune ewes during out of season." Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine 73, no. 2 (November 30, 2016): 433. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:12370.

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The purpose of this study was to increase fertility in sheep by applying modern biotechnology: induction and synchronization of estrous in non- breeding season. The ewes were divided into 3 equal batches. In all batches intravaginal sponge (Veramix/Intervet) containing 60 mg of MPA was left in the vagina for 14 days. Immediately after removal of the sponge an injections of prostaglandin (Dinolytic/Pfizer) at the dose of 12.5 mg (2,5ml)/animal was administered in batch II. Batch III received two injections: PMSG hormone (Folligon/Intervet) at the dose of 500 IU/animal and prostaglandin (Dinolytic/Pfizer) at the dose of 12.5 mg (2,5 ml)/animal. The research focused on several directions: assessment of estrous manifestation; occurrence of estrous interval after completion of hormonal therapy; duration of estrous; appreciation of gestation after the first and second estrous clinically manifested; percentage of fecundity. From the results obtained it follows that induction and synchronization of estrous in non-breeding season showed economic advantages by shortening the time needed for the installation of gestation, the possibility of lambing distribution, preparation and organization of mating.

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44

Yin, Zhi Feng, Peng Wang, Li Bo Fan, Zi Fa Chen, and Shuo Lu Xu. "A PbS/ITO/Glass Based Photoelectrochemical Cell with a Sponge-Like Surface Structure." Advanced Materials Research 941-944 (June 2014): 627–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.941-944.627.

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A photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell was made by a conventional three-electrode system. The working electrode was an as-prepared PbS/ITO/glass composite by a chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The as-deposited films were characterized for structural, morphological, compositional and PEC properties. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies reveal that the films are polycrystalline in nature with cubic phases. The surface morphology was determined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) measurements. The film shows p-type conduction mechanism. The PEC cell, with PbS/ITO/glass as a photo cathode and Na2SO4 (0.10 M) solution as an electrolyte, was constructed and investigated for various cell parameters.

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45

Suroto, Heri, Deny M. Aryawan, and Camilla A. Prakoeswa. "The Influence of the Preservation Method and Gamma Irradiation Sterilization on TGF-β and bFGF Levels in Freeze-Dried Amnion Membrane (FD-AM) and Amnion Sponge." International Journal of Biomaterials 2021 (April 7, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6685225.

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Background. Amnion grafts can be preserved as freeze-dried amnion membrane (FD-AM) and amnion sponge. Preserved grafts require to be sterilized by gamma irradiation. However, each step of the process could affect its biological properties. Even so, there are only a few studies that report the influence of the preservation method and gamma irradiation on growth factor levels in preserved amniotic grafts. Methods. This was an in vitro experimental study with a pretest-posttest group design using a consecutive sampling technique in one batch of amnion donors at a particular time. The amnion was made into FD-AM and amnion sponge preparations, and they were sterilized with gamma irradiation (15 kGy and 25 kGy). Nonirradiated specimens served as controls, and 20 mg of each specimen was pulverized to evaluate the growth factors levels using ELISA. Results. There were significant decreases in amnion sponge compared to the FD-AM, both in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) levels and in the preirradiated and 25 kGy postirradiated preparations ( p ≤ 0.05 ). The growth factor levels in the preirradiated and postirradiated FD-AM (both 15 kGy and 25 kGy) showed significant differences ( p ≤ 0.05 ). Likewise, the preirradiated amnion sponge group’s growth factor levels compared with the postirradiated amnion sponge group also showed a significant decrease ( p ≤ 0.05 ). Conclusion. TGF-β and bFGF levels were lower in amnion sponge than FD-AM. The FD-AM and amnion sponge preparations’ growth factors levels were reduced following gamma irradiation sterilization. Although the decrease in growth factor levels is significant, the number of growth factor levels is still sufficient for tissue healing.

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46

Lee, Jongcheul, and Yaelim Lee. "Physiologic Changes during Sponge Bathing in Premature Infants." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 5 (March 3, 2021): 2467. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18052467.

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In this study, we observed physiological reactions of premature infants during sponge bathing in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The infants’ body temperature, heart rate, and oxygen saturation were monitored to examine hypothermia risks during bathing. The participants of the study were 32 premature infants who were hospitalized right after their birth in the V hospital in Korea between December 2012 and August 2013. The informed consents of the study were received from the infants’ parents. The infants were randomly assigned into two-day and four-day bath cycle groups and their physiological reactions were monitored before bathing as well as 5 and 10 min after bathing. The collected data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package through t-test. A significant drop in body temperature was noted in both groups; that is, 4-day bathing cycle and 2-day bathing cycle (p < 0.001). However, there were no significant changes in heart rate or transcutaneous oxygen levels. There was no significant change between groups at each measurement point. In order to minimize the physiological instability that may be caused during bathing, the care providers should try to complete bathing within the shortest possible time and to make bathing a pleasant and useful stimulus for infants.

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Yuan, Yi Hua, Xin Tong Xiao, Shui Chun Xia, Bin Hua Luo, Xiao Zhen Chen, and Shi Bin Xia. "An Innovative Combination Process for PCBs Removing in Aged Landfill Leachate." Advanced Materials Research 343-344 (September 2011): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.3.

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PCBs removal in the aged leachate by a new combination process, combined coagulation with a two-staged sequencing batch biofilm reactor with Luffa Sponges (LS) as the biomass carriers (LS-SBBR), was studied in this research. The results indicated that the removal rate of total PCBs in the aged leachate was 51.97%, and it was achieved mainly by the removal of trichlorobiphenyls, the PCBs contents in sludge in the two-staged LS-SBBR were consistent with the conclusion that the PCBs removal in liquid phase of the second LS-SBBR was higher than that of the first LS-SBBR.

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Mangalgi, Sharanabasavesh, and Namratha Upadhya. "VARIATION OF BODY TEMPERATURE AFTER SPONGE BATH IN STABLE VERY LOW BIRTH WEIGHT PRETERM NEONATES." Indian Journal of Child Health 04, no. 02 (June 25, 2017): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32677/ijch.2017.v04.i02.025.

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Rogers, Joan C., Margo B. Holm, and Lynette Perkins. "Trajectory of assistive device usage and user and non-user characteristics: Long-handled bath sponge." Arthritis & Rheumatism 47, no. 6 (December 12, 2002): 645–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/art.10788.

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Yang, Benqin, and Deokjin Jahng. "Repeated Batch-Fed Bioevaporation of Food Waste Using Biofilm-Developed Sponge." Drying Technology 34, no. 1 (June 8, 2015): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2015.1009536.

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