Academic literature on the topic 'Bathymetric profile'
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Journal articles on the topic "Bathymetric profile"
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Pettus, Alvin M. "Bathymetric Mapping: Making Underwater Profile Charts." Science Activities: Classroom Projects and Curriculum Ideas 35, no. 3 (January 1998): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00368129809600914.
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Little, Sarah A., Patricia H. Carter, and Deborah K. Smith. "Wavelet analysis of a bathymetric profile reveals anomalous crust." Geophysical Research Letters 20, no. 18 (September 15, 1993): 1915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/93gl01880.
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Ghorbanidehno, Hojat, Jonghyun Lee, Matthew Farthing, Tyler Hesser, Peter K. Kitanidis, and Eric F. Darve. "Novel Data Assimilation Algorithm for Nearshore Bathymetry." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 36, no. 4 (April 2019): 699–715. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-18-0067.1.
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AbstractIt can be expensive and difficult to collect direct bathymetry data for nearshore regions, especially in high-energy locations where there are temporally and spatially varying bathymetric features like sandbars. As a result, there has been increasing interest in remote assessment techniques for estimating bathymetry. Recent efforts have combined Kalman filter–based techniques with indirect video-based observations for bathymetry inversion. Here, we estimate nearshore bathymetry by utilizing observed wave celerity and wave height, which are related to bathymetry through phase-averaged wave dynamics. We present a modified compressed-state Kalman filter (CSKF) method, a fast and scalable Kalman filter method for linear and nonlinear problems with large numbers of unknowns and measurements, and apply it to two nearshore bathymetry estimation problems. To illustrate the robustness and accuracy of our method, we compare its performance with that of two ensemble-based approaches on twin bathymetry estimation problems with profiles based on surveys taken by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineer Field Research Facility (FRF) in Duck, North Carolina. We first consider an estimation problem for a temporally constant bathymetry profile. Then we estimate bathymetry as it evolves in time. Our results indicate that the CSKF method is more accurate and robust than the ensemble-based methods with the same computational cost. The superior performance is due to the optimal low-rank representation of the covariance matrices.
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Specht, Mariusz, Cezary Specht, Henryk Lasota, and Piotr Cywiński. "Assessment of the Steering Precision of a Hydrographic Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) along Sounding Profiles Using a Low-Cost Multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Receiver Supported Autopilot." Sensors 19, no. 18 (September 12, 2019): 3939. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19183939.
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The performance of bathymetric measurements by traditional methods (using manned vessels) in ultra-shallow waters, i.e., lakes, rivers, and sea beaches with a depth of less than 1 m, is often difficult or, in many cases, impossible due to problems related to safe vessel maneuvering. For this reason, the use of shallow draft hydrographic Unmanned Surface Vessels (USV) appears to provide a promising alternative method for performing such bathymetric measurements. This article describes the modernisation of a USV to switch from manual to automatic mode, and presents a preliminary study aimed at assessing the suitability of a popular autopilot commonly used in Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), and a low-cost multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver cooperating with it, for performing bathymetric measurements in automated mode, which involves independent movement along a specified route (hydrographic sounding profiles). The cross track error (XTE) variable, i.e., the distance determined between a USV’s position and the sounding profile, measured transversely to the course, was adopted as the measure of automatic control precision. Moreover, the XTE value was statistically assessed in the publication.
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Ekpa, A. U., and N. I. Eyakndue. "Determination of a Section of Woji Riverbed Depths for Safe Navigation." Nigerian Journal of Environmental Sciences and Technology 1, no. 1 (March 2017): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.36263/nijest.2017.01.0033.
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The depths of the oceans, seas, rivers, etc. and charting the shape and topography of the ocean floor are only determined though bathymetric processes. And mariners primarily depend on water depths beneath their vessels for safe navigation. Bathymetry also goes a long way to enhance the identification of possible features on the seabed such as elevation changes, rock outcrop, wreckages, sunken vessels, pipeline, or any other obstructions that could cause hazard to navigation. This study employs the bathymetric principles to determine river-bed depths of a section of the Woji River for the purpose of creating a two-dimensional view of the underlying sub-surface and a threedimensional model of the river-bed, to enhance safe navigation. Data acquisition was done using satellite imagery from Google Earth, total tide prediction data, sounding depths using Midas echo sounder and GPS data. Data processing performed on observed bathymetric data include spike removal, tidal correction on instantaneous depths. The processed depths were analysed and presented in form of profile view, graphs, and charts. A flow and sedimentation simulation was carried out using ArcGIS 10.3, to show the nature of the river. The tidal data aided in sounding reduction, and river average depth of 6.022m was obtained. The levelling mis-closure was 0.001m and the average variation in echo sounder calibration was 0.08m. Based on the acquired and output data, the produced chart revealed sedimentation effect on the convex coastline, uneven riverbed topography possibly due to sand excavation, which could pose serious danger to the safety of navigation. Based on these results, the use of Sub-Bottom Profiler and a Multi-Beam Echo Sounder (MBES) is therefore recommended in order to improve the quality of data obtained.
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Zwolak, Karolina, Łukasz Marchel, Aileen Bohan, Masanao Sumiyoshi, Jaya Roperez, Artur Grządziel, Rochelle Ann Wigley, and Sattiabaruth Seeboruth. "Automatic Identification of Internal Wave Characteristics Affecting Bathymetric Measurement Based on Multibeam Echosounder Water Column Data Analysis." Energies 14, no. 16 (August 5, 2021): 4774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14164774.
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The accuracy of multibeam echosounder bathymetric measurement depends on the accuracy of the data of the sound speed layers within the water column. This is necessary for the correct modeling of ray bending. It is assumed that the sound speed layers are horizontal and static, according to the sound speed profile traditionally used in the depth calculation. In fact, the boundaries between varying water masses can be curved and oscillate. It is difficult to assess the parameters of these movements based on the sparse sampling of sound velocity profiles (SVP) collected through a survey; thus, alternative or augmented methods are needed to obtain information about water mass stratification for the time of a particular ping or a series of pings. The process of water column data collection and analysis is presented in this paper. The proposed method updates the sound speed profile by the automated detection of varying water mass boundaries, giving the option to adjust the SVP for each beam separately. This can increase the overall accuracy of a bathymetric survey and provide additional oceanographic data about the study area.
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Brisbourne, A. M., A. M. Smith, E. C. King, K. W. Nicholls, P. R. Holland, and K. Makinson. "Seabed topography beneath Larsen C Ice Shelf from seismic soundings." Cryosphere Discussions 7, no. 4 (August 15, 2013): 4177–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tcd-7-4177-2013.
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Abstract. Seismic reflection soundings of ice thickness and seabed depth were acquired on the Larsen C Ice Shelf in order to test a sub-shelf bathymetry model derived from the inversion of IceBridge gravity data. A series of lines were collected, from the Churchill Peninsula in the north to the Joerg Peninsula in the south, and also towards the ice front. Sites were selected using the bathymetry model derived from the inversion of free-air gravity data to indicate key regions where sub-shelf oceanic circulation may be affected by ice draft and sub-shelf cavity thickness. The seismic velocity profile in the upper 100 m of firn and ice was derived from shallow refraction surveys at a number of locations. Measured temperatures within the ice column and at the ice base were used to define the velocity profile through the remainder of the ice column. Seismic velocities in the water column were derived from previous in situ measurements. Uncertainties in ice and water cavity thickness are in general <10 m. Compared with the seismic measurements, the root-mean-square error in the gravimetrically derived bathymetry at the seismic sites is 162 m. The seismic profiles prove the non-existence of several bathymetric features that are indicated in the gravity inversion model, significantly modifying the expected oceanic circulation beneath the ice shelf. Similar features have previously been shown to be highly significant in affecting basal melt rates predicted by ocean models. The discrepancies between the gravity inversion results and the seismic bathymetry are attributed to the assumption of uniform geology inherent in the gravity inversion process and also the sparsity of IceBridge flight lines. Results indicate that care must be taken when using bathymetry models derived by the inversion of free-air gravity anomalies. The bathymetry results presented here will be used to improve existing sub-shelf ocean circulation models.
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Innocenti, C., L. Battaglini, S. D'Angelo, and A. Fiorentino. "Submarine landslides: mapping the susceptibility in European seas." Quarterly Journal of Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 54, no. 1 (September 16, 2020): qjegh2020–027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/qjegh2020-027.
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A map of susceptibility to submarine landslides in European seas has been developed using the maximum entropy model (MaxEnt) and landslide cartography acquired from European Marine Observation and Data Network (EMODnet) Geology (https://www.emodnet-geology.eu/). A total of 15% landslide points were set aside and used as test data, while the remaining 85% were used for model training. Based on EMODnet bathymetry, 33 environmental maps including bathymetric position index (BPI), slope, features, flat curvature and profile curvature, all calculated at different spatial scales, were processed. In an iterative process, all the variables that were highly collinear and those that did not contribute significantly to the model were eliminated. In the end, the model was constructed using only bathymetry and the slope of the seabed. The elaborated model has an area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve (AUC) of 0.910 calculated on the training set and 0.911 on the test set, and the ROC curves are coincident. The slope is the variable that gives the greatest contribution to the model (82%), but without the contribution of depth (18%) the results degrade significantly. The susceptibility map correctly identifies all the main structures where the presence of landslides is known. The model shows a certain sensitivity to bathymetric acquisition noise.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Mapping the Geology and Topography of the European Seas (EMODnet) collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/EMODnet
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Brisbourne, A. M., A. M. Smith, E. C. King, K. W. Nicholls, P. R. Holland, and K. Makinson. "Seabed topography beneath Larsen C Ice Shelf from seismic soundings." Cryosphere 8, no. 1 (January 2, 2014): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-8-1-2014.
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Abstract. Seismic reflection soundings of ice thickness and seabed depth were acquired on the Larsen C Ice Shelf in order to test a sub-ice shelf bathymetry model derived from the inversion of IceBridge gravity data. A series of lines was collected, from the Churchill Peninsula in the north to the Joerg Peninsula in the south, and also towards the ice front. Sites were selected using the bathymetry model derived from the inversion of free-air gravity data to indicate key regions where sub-ice shelf oceanic circulation may be affected by ice draft and seabed depth. The seismic velocity profile in the upper 100 m of firn and ice was derived from shallow refraction surveys at a number of locations. Measured temperatures within the ice column and at the ice base were used to define the velocity profile through the remainder of the ice column. Seismic velocities in the water column were derived from previous in situ measurements. Uncertainties in ice and water cavity thickness are in general < 10 m. Compared with the seismic measurements, the root-mean-square error in the gravimetrically derived bathymetry at the seismic sites is 162 m. The seismic profiles prove the non-existence of several bathymetric features that are indicated in the gravity inversion model, significantly modifying the expected oceanic circulation beneath the ice shelf. Similar features have previously been shown to be highly significant in affecting basal melt rates predicted by ocean models. The discrepancies between the gravity inversion results and the seismic bathymetry are attributed to the assumption of uniform geology inherent in the gravity inversion process and also the sparsity of IceBridge flight lines. Results indicate that care must be taken when using bathymetry models derived by the inversion of free-air gravity anomalies. The bathymetry results presented here will be used to improve existing sub-ice shelf ocean circulation models.
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Sentchev, Alexei, Thinh Duc Nguyen, Lucille Furgerot, and Pascal Bailly du Bois. "Underway velocity measurements in the Alderney Race: towards a three-dimensional representation of tidal motions." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 378, no. 2178 (July 27, 2020): 20190491. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0491.
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The Alderney Race, located northwest of the Cotentin Peninsula (France), is a site with high tidal-stream energy potential. Circulation through the Alderney Race is complex, with current speed exceeding 3 m s −1 at neap tide. Towed acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) measurements and static point velocity measurements were performed in July 2018 focusing on assessment of circulation and vertical structure of tidal currents. Transect surveys revealed peculiar features of local dynamics such as change in location of the tidal jet on ebb and flood flow. The spatial expanse of the tidal jet was quantified and regions with largely sheared or nearly homogeneous velocity distributions were identified on the cross-sections. Velocity profiles acquired along the cross-sections were accurately characterized using a power law. The spatial variability of the power-law exponent α was found to be large and correlated with the tidal conditions. The largest variation in profile shape was observed in the northern sector and assumed to be generated by the current interaction with a bathymetric constriction. The velocity profiles were found to vary from highly sheared on flood flow to nearly homogeneous on ebb flow, with corresponding range of power-law exponent α variation from 6 to 14. In the southern sector, over a relatively smooth bathymetry, the velocity profile shape was accurately approximated using the 1/7 power law with a range of variation of α from 6.5 to 8, with respect to the tidal conditions. To our knowledge, this is the largest field survey done using towed ADCP and the results could represent a significant advance in tidal site characterization and provide advanced information to turbine developers. This article is part of the theme issue ‘New insights on tidal dynamics and tidal energy harvesting in the Alderney Race'.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Bathymetric profile"
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Almeida, Cristiano de Salles. "Distribuição espacial da biomassa microfitobentônica no perfil batimétrico da região de Ubatuba, SP." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/21/21134/tde-10022015-113340/.
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O microfitobentos é constituído principalmente por diatomáceas, além de fitoflagelados e cianobactérias, distribuindo-se de forma heterogênea no sedimento exposto à luminosidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a distribuição espacial da biomassa microfitobentônica no perfil batimétrico da região de Ubatuba, SP. As amostras foram coletadas no verão de 2013, em três transectos (Flamengo, Fortaleza e Mar Virado), com seis pontos cada, coletadas entre as isóbatas de 5 e 30 m. A biomassa foi expressa como clorofila a. Clorofila a e feopigmentos foram extraídos com acetona e medidos em espectrofotômetro. Os valores médios dos pigmentos foram de 18,5 ± 11,4 mg.m-2 para clorofila a e de 28,4 ± 16,2 mg.m-2 para feopigmentos no transecto do Flamengo; de 11,9 ± 10,2 mg.m-2 para clorofila a e de 18,8 ± 15,2 mg.m-2 para feopigmentos no transecto do Mar Virado; e de 11,8 ± 11,3 mg.m-2 para clorofila a e de 13,7 ± 13,6 mg.m-2 para feopigmentos no transecto da Fortaleza. Estes valores foram maiores nas regiões mais rasas. A distribuição da biomassa foi associada positivamente com intensidade de luz, silte, argila, matéria orgânica e carbono orgânico total, enquanto foi correlacionada negativamente com profundidade, areia e grânulos.Marine microphytobenthos community is composed mainly by diatoms and also phytoflagellates and cyanobacteria, which cover the marine sediments submitted to light. This study aims to survey the spatial distribution of bathymetric profile microphytobenthic biomass in Ubatuba region, SP. The samples were collected in the summer (March, 2013), at three transects: Flamengo, Fortaleza and Mar Virado, with 6 points each, between the isobaths of 5 and 30 meters. The biomass was expressed as chlorophyll a. Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments were extracted with acetone and measured at spectrophotometer. The biomass averages values were: chlorophyll a 18,5 ± 11,4 mg.m-2 and phaeopigments 28,4 ± 16,2 mg.m-2 for Flamengo transect; chlorophyll a 11,9 ± 10,2 mg.m-2 and phaeopigments 18,8 ± 15,2 mg.m-2 for Mar Virado transect; and chlorophyll a 11,8 ± 11,3 mg.m-2 and phaeopigments 13,7 ± 13,6 mg.m-2 for Fortaleza transect. Chlorophyll a and phaeopigments averages values were higher in the shallow regions. The biomass distribution was positively associated to light intensity, silt, clay, total organic carbon and organic matter. Negative correlations were found for depth and coarse grains.
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Cousins, David Bruce. "A model-based algorithm for environmentally adaptive bathymetry and sound velocity profile estimation /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2005. http://0-wwlib.umi.com.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/dlnow/3186901.
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Ribeiro, Raquel da Silva. "Migrating sediment waves in the Ionian sea revealed from high resolution multichannel seismic reflection profiles." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/18776.
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Mestrado em Engenharia GeológicaA análise e reprocessamento de perfis 2D de reflexão sísmica de alta resolução, adquiridos no âmbito do cruzeiro CIRCEE-HR, permitiu a identificação da presença de ondas de sedimentos actuais e fósseis no Mar Jónico. A ocorrência de ondas migrantes de sedimentos atuais nesta área foi relatada anteriormente, com base na batimetria multifeixe, mas aqui relatamos pela primeira vez, a nosso conhecimento, a ocorrência de ondas migrantes fósseis nessa região, reveladas pelos perfis de reflexão sísmica. Ondas migrantes de sedimentos foram observadas nos perfis sísmicos CIRCEE-HR complementados por batimetria multifeixe. 3 campos principais de ondas de sedimentos, tanto fósseis como ativos foram identificados com várias gerações de ondas de sedimentos com diferentes comprimentos de onda e amplitudes. Na ausência de idades bem constrangidas para calibrar os perfis sísmicos na área de estudo, e de forma a atribuir idades tentativas aos vários episódios de formação de ondas de sedimentos, foi realizada uma interpretação geral dos principais refletores sísmicos e de eventos bem datados, que foram correlacionados entre os vários perfis sísmicos. Dois modelos principais de formação foram propostos para a formação das ondas de sedimentos nesta área. Para o Campo de Ondas de Sedimentos C, mais setentrional, embora não se possa descartar uma possível origem relacionada ao spillover de canal turbidítico, parece que as ondas internas solitárias geradas no Estreito de Messina podem ser o mecanismo responsável mais provável. No entanto, no que diz respeito aos dois campos a sul, A e B, embora não seja possível excluir o possível papel das ondas internas ou a interacção dos canais turbiditos com as correntes de fundo, não existem observações da presença de nenhum deles nesta área. Portanto, propomos que as ondas de sedimentos fósseis foram formadas por spillover dos canais turbidíticos, produzindo ondas de sedimento aproximadamente perpendiculares ou oblíquas ao canal principal. O canal turbidítico principal, que agora segue aproximadamente a frente de deformação, parece ter sido antes localizado mais ao norte. Isto pode ser uma indicação de que a migração para o sul do prisma acrecionário associado ao roll-back da subdução parou a formação das ondas de sedimento, que são atualmente formadas muito mais ao sul. No campo B, a formação das ondas de sedimento parece ter parado completamente em algum momento há cerca de 400kyr, embora este processo tenha começado localmente há cerca de 700kyr. Interpretamos isso como ligado à migração para sul do canal turbiditico principal que segue aproximadamente a frente de deformação, causada pelo roll-back da subducção.
Analysis and reprocessing of 2D high-resolution seismic reflection profiles acquired in the scope of the CIRCEE-HR cruise has allowed the identification of the presence of both present-day active and fossil migrating sediment waves in the Ionian Sea. The occurrence of presently active migrating sediment waves in this area was previously reported, based on multibeam bathymetry, but here we report for the first time to our knowledge, the occurrence of fossil migrating waves in this region, imaged by seismic reflection profiles. Migrating sediment waves were identified on the CIRCEE-HR seismic profiles complemented by multibeam bathymetry. 3 main fields of sediment waves, both fossil and active were identified with several generations of sediment waves with different wavelengths and amplitudes. In the absence of borehole constrained age interpretations of seismic profiles in the study area, and in order to assign tentative dates to the various episodes of sediment wave formation, an overall interpretation of the main seismic reflectors and of well dated events was carried out and correlated between the various seismic profiles. Two main models of formation were proposed for the formation of the sediment waves in this area. For the northernmost Sediment Wave Field C, although a possible origin related to turbidite channel spillover cannot be ruled out, it appears that solitary internal waves generated at the Messina Strait may be the more likely responsible mechanism. As concerns the two southern fields A and B, however, although the possible role of internal waves or the interaction of turbidite channels with bottom currents cannot be ruled out, there are no reported observations of their presence of neither of them in this area. Therefore, we propose that the fossil sediment waves have been formed by turbidite channel spillover, producing sediment waves approximately perpendicular or oblique to the main turbidite channel. The turbidite channel that now approximately follows the deformation front appears to have been before located further north, this may be an indication that the migration to the south of the accretionary wedge associated with the subduction rollback has stopped the formation of the sediment waves, which are at present formed much further south. In field B, the formation of the sediment waves appears to have completely stopped sometime at about 400kyr, although this process started locally at about 700mMyr. We interpret this as linked to the migration to the south of the turbidite channel that approximately follows the edge of the deformation front, caused by the subduction rollback.
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Fierens, Ruth. "Le système sédimentaire du Zambèze de l'Oligocène au Quaternaire (Canal du Mozambique, Océan Indien) : architecture, sédimentation et facteurs de contrôle Late Quaternary geomorphology and sedimentary processes in the Zambezi turbidite system (Mozambique Channel), in Geomorphology 334, June 2019 The influence of bottom currents on the Zambezi Valley morphology (Mozambique Channel, SW Indian Ocean): In situ current observations and hydrodynamic modelling, in Marine Geology 410, April 2019." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0032.
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Le système turbiditique du Zambèze (Canal du Mozambique, Océan Indien occidental) est l'un des plus grands systèmes turbiditiques au monde et reste encore mal compris. L'acquisition récente de données bathymétriques multifaisceaux à haute résolution, de données de sismique réflexion haute et très haute résolution et de données sédimentologiques a permis d'étudier l'évolution de l'architecture et l'organisation des dépôts depuis l'Oligocène afin de comprendre les principaux facteurs de forçage qui contrôlent la sédimentation en eau profonde dans le Canal du Mozambique. Le système turbiditique du Zambèze est composé de deux systèmes de dépôt adjacents : l'éventail du Zambèze ("Zambezi Fan") et un éventail semi-confiné ("ponded fan") dans un bassin intermédiaire face à l'embouchure du Zambèze. Les résultats et les interprétations indiquent : (1) un important contrôle tectonique depuis le Miocène responsable d'une sur-incision profonde de la vallée du Zambèze et de débordements limités des courants turbiditiques ; (2) une influence importante des courants de fond qui induisent la rareté des turbidites fines, l'érosion des flancs des vallées et l'apparition généralisée de "sediment waves" ; (3) une faible activité turbiditique au cours des 700 derniers kyr qui ne montre, en outre, aucune relation avec les changements du niveau de la mer, l'activité turbiditique s'observant indépendamment des périodes glaciaires et interglaciaires ; (4) des pics de flux terrigènes corrélés aux maxima d'ensoleillement estival local, indiquant que la mousson est le contrôle majeur des apports de sédiments vers le système de dépôt marin profond ; (5) une évolution "on-off" du l'éventail du Zambèze qui démontre un déplacement du dépocentre de la partie distale de l'éventail vers le bassin intermédiaire proximal. Ces résultats soulignent la grande complexité du système turbiditique du Zambèze en raison de l'impact de facteurs de contrôles multiplesThe Zambezi turbidite system (Mozambique Channel, Western Indian Ocean) is one of the largest turbidite systems in the world and yet still remains poorly understood. Newly acquired high-resolution multibeam bathymetry, seismic reflection and sedimentological data allowed to investigate the architecture evolution and depositional patterns since the Oligocene in order to understand the main forcing factors that control the deep sea sedimentation in the Mozambique Channel. It was found that the Zambezi turbidite system is composed of two adjacent depositional systems: the channelized Zambezi Fan and a semiconfined fan in the lntermediate Basin. Moreover, results and interpretations indicate: (1) important tectonic control since the Miocene that caused deep incision of the Zambezi Valley and limited overflow of turbidite currents; (2) an important influence of bottom-currents that induces scarcity of fine-grained turbidites, valley flanks erosion and widespread occurrence of sediment waves; (3) low turbidite activity for the last 700 kyr that shows no relationship with sea-level changes as turbidite activity occurred irrespective of glacial or interglacial periods; (4) peaks in terrigenous flux with maxima in local summer insolation, reflecting that monsoon controls the sediment inputs towards the deep marine depositional system; (5) an on-off evolution of the Zambezi Fan that demonstrates a depocenter shift from the distal Zambezi Fan to the proximal Intermediate Basin. All our findings underline the high complexity in depositional environments of the Zambezi turbidite system
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Hassoun, Virginie. "Analyse multi-échelles des déstabilisations sous-marines de la Marge Ligure : implications sur la répartition spatio-temporelle des facteurs déclenchant [sic]." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4069.
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La marge Ligure est une marge passive soumise à une déformation tectonique compressive associée à la tectonique salifère messinienne. La reprise en compression de la marge s’accompagne d’une sismicité modérée récurrente ponctuée d’évènements plus forts. La marge Ligure est le siège d’une sédimentation importante au Plio-Quaternaire. Elle constitue un environnement propice à l’étude des déstabilisations gravitaires. L’objectif principal de ce travail était de décrire et caractériser les principaux mouvements en masse ayant affecté la marge continentale Ligure au cours du Plio-Quaternaire, de localiser les principales zones sujettes aux déstabilisations et d’identifier les facteurs pré-conditionnant et déclenchant les ruptures dans le but de mieux évaluer l’aléa gravitaire. Une large couverture de données bathymétriques, géophysiques et des carottages acquis sur l’ensemble de la marge a permis de réaliser une étude multi-échelles des processus de ruptures gravitaires et des facteurs déclenchant associés. Près de 1500 glissements ont été identifiés. L’étude de leur répartition spatio-temporelle illustre que l’ensemble de la marge a toujours été affectée par des déstabilisations de pente mais que les principales zones de ruptures auraient migré vers l’ouest au cours du Plio-Quaternaire. Les grandes ruptures sous-marines sont préférentiellement associées aux zones de déformation maximale, cette dernière étant contrôlée par la tectonique crustale et/ou la tectonique salifère. Il apparaît que les ruptures résultent plus généralement d’une association de facteurs distincts qui ont participé à fragiliser la stabilité des dépôts de la pente et qui ont pu provoquer leur ruptureThe Ligurian margin is a passive margin characterized by high sedimentation rates during the Plio-Quaternary. It is affected by a compressive tectonic deformation leading to the inversion of the margin, together with a salt tectonic. The present-day moderate seismic activity is punctuated by stronger seismic events. Thus, this margin offers a good natural laboratory to study submarine landslides and their triggering factors. Although the Var Turbidite System has been well investigated over the last 20 years, the morphology and tectonics/sedimentary processes affecting the whole margin remained poorly known. This study aims to describe and to characterize the main types of mass movements, their preferential locations along the Ligurian margin during the Plio-Quaternary and their triggering factors to improve geohazards assessment related to landslides. A dataset including bathymetric and geophysical data and cores allowed to realize a multi-scale study of submarine failures and their associated triggering factors. About 1500 landslides were identified on the margin and in the basin. The study of their spatio-temporal distribution revealed that the margin has always been affected by mass-wasting processes and that the main zones of landsliding migrated westward during the Plio-Quaternary. The largest submarine landslides are preferentially associated with the highest deformation rates and their location is controlled by crustal tectonics and/or salt tectonics. The initiation of failures results from the combination of several factors including the margin deformation, earthquakes, salt tectonics and sediment under-consolidation
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Coste, Marianne. "Les processus sédimentaires, depuis la pente continentale jusqu'au bassin, en contexte de tectonique active : analyse comparée entre la Marge Calabro-Ionienne et la Marge Ligure durant les derniers 5 Ma." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01062293.
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Les marges continentales, passives ou actives, sont la principale voie de transfert sédimentaire entre le plateau continental et le bassin océanique profond et les plaines abyssales. Les pentes continentales sont le siège de processus d'érosion/dépôt sous le contrôle de transfert de flux particulaires continentaux chenalisés par des structures érosives, telles que les canyons sous‐marins, puis redistribues à l'ensemble de la marge. Les canyons érodent fortement les pentes continentales et contribuent à l'évolution de leur morphologie au cours du temps. On retrouve cependant des canyons sous‐marins qui ne sont pas en relation avec la présence d'un réseau fluviatile. De ce fait, la formation et l'évolution des canyons sous‐marins sont encore peu comprises. Ce travail de thèse s'intéresse aux processus de formation et d'évolution de six canyons sous-marins sur la Marge Ouest du Bassin Ligure et à dix systèmes de canyons sur la Marge Calabro-Ionienne. Le but de cette étude est de contraindre les principales caractéristiques morphométriques (longueur, largeur, profondeur, inclinaison, sinuosité), morphologique (éléments architecturaux, configuration) des canyons, de caractériser leur évolution amont‐aval et d'analyser leur structure interne, afin de mieux comprendre l'origine des canyons sous‐marins, leurs mécanismes de construction et leur évolution au cours du temps en relation avec le contexte géologique régional et leurs potentiels bassins versants subaérien. Pour cela, une approche basée sur une analyse morpho-bathymétrique et géophysiques a été mise en œuvre à partir de relevés bathymétriques complets des marges, de profils de sismiques, de Chirp et de SAR.
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Hsu, Ming-chien, and 許明蒨. "Bathymetric data quality recheck and morphological changes in coastal area around Taipei Port - Application of profile regression and Empirical Orthogonal Function." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26a2xb.
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碩士國立中山大學
海洋環境及工程學系研究所
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Many literatures revealed coastal morphology at Tanshui River, Taipei Port and coast of Linkou has changed, because of construction of Taipei Port. And literatures also can find that some doubt bathymetry data. To study the changes of coastal morphology, there are many morphological visualization methods. It transfers from 2D to 3D, and plus time series in changes. In recent years, visualization maps like invade and silt picture, and changes of profile picture was often used. Cause of some doubt bathymetric data, data are rechecked by recheck range of profile regression and Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) time mode 1. Invade and silt picture, average change of depth, volume change, overlay of profile and EOF are used to analyze coastal morphology. Integrate the results of this study. First, bathymetry data in the year 2001 to 2003 and 2006 are abnormal. Second, morphology changed at west of Taipei Port cause of waves. Third, morphology of gravel area 2 at the depth of about 22 meters changed significantly. It is consistent with the morphological uplift at northwest of Linkou Power Plant. What cause that is worthy to further investigate. Finally, affected by construction of breakwater, area at north of breakwater was uplift in June 2009. And that uplift was stay for a long time. This paper get more morphological information with more ways. By changes of average depth chart and volume change analysis can roughly see the trends of morphological changes. By overlay of profile can see the changes detailedly on location. And by invade and silt picture and EOF can get more detailed information on time and space. Using separate zone to study also get more information. Based on the above approach, morphological changes can be more complete understand.
Book chapters on the topic "Bathymetric profile"
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García-García, A., T. Schoolmeester, D. Orange, A. Calafat, J. Fabres, E. Grossman, M. Field, T. D. Lorenson, M. Levey, and M. Sansoucy. "Recent Sedimentary Processes in the Cap de Creus Canyon Head and Adjacent Continental Shelf, NE Spain: Evidence from Multibeam Bathymetry, Sub-Bottom Profiles and Coring." In Sediments, Morphology and Sedimentary Processes on Continental Shelves, 71–97. Chichester, West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118311172.ch4.
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Fisher, John J. "Bathymetric Projected Profiles and the Origin of Barrier Islands — Johnson’s Shoreline of Emergence, Revisited." In Coastal Geomorphology, 161–80. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003022077-8.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Bathymetric profile"
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Knudsen, S. Bjerre, H. Toxvig Madsen, and P. Soerensen. "MONITORING OF SAND WAVES IN THE OUTER PART OF THE COASTAL PROFILE AS AN OFFSHOOT OF AN ORDINARY BATHYMETRIC SURVEY PROGRAMME." In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference. World Scientific Publishing Company, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814277426_0168.
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Fomin, Vladimir, Vladimir Fomin, Konstantin Gurov, Konstantin Gurov, Vladimir Udovik, Vladimir Udovik, Sergey Konovalov, and Sergey Konovalov. "DYNAMICS OF THE NEARSHORE ZONE OF KALAMITSKIY GULF (BLACK SEA) UNDER INFLUENCE OF WIND WAVES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315210e16.
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Coastal zone dynamics is especially interesting for interdisciplinary researchers. This is due to general retreat of the coast of the Western Crimea and the fast response in the beach ar-ea. This justifies the need for monitoring of morphodynamic processes in the coastal zone of Crimea with the aim of qualitative and quantitative assessments of modern coastal trans-formation, as well as forecasts of possible changes. XBeach model has been used to simulate dynamics of waves and currents, sediment transport and changes in bottom topography, as well as the processes of drying and flooding of coastal areas. Erosion and sedimentation processes for the bottom sediments of the coastal zone of the Western Crimea have been numerically studied. The bottom profile has been reconstructed on the basis of bathymetric investigations in the coastal zone of the Western Crimea. Numerical simulations have been performed for various parameters of the bed composition and wind waves. Two fractions of bottom sediments have been considered for numerical experiments. The obtained results show that XBeach model can be successfully applied to simulate the bed profile evolution and changes in bottom sediment fractionation.
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Fomin, Vladimir, Vladimir Fomin, Konstantin Gurov, Konstantin Gurov, Vladimir Udovik, Vladimir Udovik, Sergey Konovalov, and Sergey Konovalov. "DYNAMICS OF THE NEARSHORE ZONE OF KALAMITSKIY GULF (BLACK SEA) UNDER INFLUENCE OF WIND WAVES." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b948b20d587.32401065.
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Coastal zone dynamics is especially interesting for interdisciplinary researchers. This is due to general retreat of the coast of the Western Crimea and the fast response in the beach ar-ea. This justifies the need for monitoring of morphodynamic processes in the coastal zone of Crimea with the aim of qualitative and quantitative assessments of modern coastal trans-formation, as well as forecasts of possible changes. XBeach model has been used to simulate dynamics of waves and currents, sediment transport and changes in bottom topography, as well as the processes of drying and flooding of coastal areas. Erosion and sedimentation processes for the bottom sediments of the coastal zone of the Western Crimea have been numerically studied. The bottom profile has been reconstructed on the basis of bathymetric investigations in the coastal zone of the Western Crimea. Numerical simulations have been performed for various parameters of the bed composition and wind waves. Two fractions of bottom sediments have been considered for numerical experiments. The obtained results show that XBeach model can be successfully applied to simulate the bed profile evolution and changes in bottom sediment fractionation.
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Fauver, Laura A., David M. Thompson, and Asbury H. Sallenger. "Modeling Dune Response Using Measured and Equilibrium Bathymetric Profiles." In Sixth International Symposium on Coastal Engineering and Science of Coastal Sediment Process. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40926(239)69.
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Song, Peter, Debra Tetteh-Wayoe, Kimberly Pierce, Mike Hill, and Mark Maxwell. "Enhancing Flooding Monitoring and Response to Improve Geohazard Management." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9260.
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Abstract In March 2019, snow melt and heavy rainfall resulted in major flooding at one of Enbridge’s (Company) pipeline river crossings. Based on an earlier hydrotechnical assessment, it was identified that the estimated scour in the river channel during a flood event of this magnitude could have the potential to create a pipe span of length where vortex induced vibration (VIV) may be initiated, potentially causing pipe failure and product release. As a precautionary measure, the Company shut down and isolated the pipeline; the two mainline block valves on either side of the river were closed for several days. This un-planned pipeline shut down impacted customers and resulted in revenue loss. An extended shutdown period would have also impacted downstream refineries. In order to promptly restart of the pipeline, bathymetric surveys (measuring the depth of a water body as well as mapping the river bottom profile and the underwater features of a water body) were performed in high flow conditions to verify the pipeline burial condition. This crossing had been identified in the Company’s long range forecast with a planned remediation completion in 2020. However, the potential residual threat to the integrity of the pipeline due to high flow events existed until the remediation could be completed. Consequently, Company Pipeline Integrity group had been closely monitoring this crossing. The Company’s Pipeline Integrity (PI) Department is on the journey to become a High Reliability Organization (HRO) where there is a strong preoccupation with failure and emphasis on determining the root cause of an incident, with the goal of striving for error free performance. As such, this incident was treated with as much emphasis as a pipeline failure, and several lessons learned from this incident were identified. This paper will discuss the enhancements made to the Company’s flood monitoring program, including the incorporation of the flood forecast monitoring into the flood monitoring program, identification of high priority crossings, development of purge plan, utilization of new technology for surveying during flooding and the development of a flood response guideline.
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Wen Xu, Meijia Zhang, Huiquan Zhang, and Hongbao Qian. "Sparse-increment iteration-based sound velocity profile estimation with multi-beam bathymetry systems." In OCEANS 2012. IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2012.6405006.
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Jayasinghe, Kanishka, Hayden Marcollo, Andrew E. Potts, Craig Dillon-Gibbons, Phillip Kurts, and Peter Pezet. "Mitigation of Pipeline Free Span Fatigue due to Vortex Induced Vibration Using Longitudinally Grooved Suppression." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77716.
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Irregular seabed bathymetry around subsea pipelines can lead to the formation of pipeline free spans. When exposed to on-bottom currents these free spans can be subject to Vortex-Induced Vibration (VIV), with consequential effects on the fatigue life of the pipeline. Traditional VIV suppression technologies such as strakes and fairings present installation challenges and durability concerns due to the significant increase in overall diameter associated with the geometric profiles of strakes and fairings. Longitudinally Grooved Suppression (LGS) technology was developed from a concept stage through to field deployment on active drilling risers (Johnstone et. al., OMAE 2017) [1]. The low profile and VIV suppression abilities of LGS present an opportunity for a more effective and operationally beneficial VIV suppression solution for pipeline free spans. Based on existing Class guidance for assessing pipeline free spans, a simplified framework for assessing free spans with LGS under a response based approach is presented. The simplified assessment implied a suppression efficiency (reduction in vibration amplitude) of up to 80%. An alternative comparative analysis using a force based approach was also performed in SHEAR7 of a bare pipeline and a LGS-wrapped pipeline. The requirements for qualification of new VIV mitigation technologies are also addressed and an example of an actual field installation of the device is presented, on an existing pipeline free span with low seabed clearance.
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Haghighi, Ali, Jitender Rai, Yann Le Maout, and John Oliphant. "An Improved Approach for Modelling Reliability of Buckle Formation for Subsea Pipelines." In ASME 2017 36th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2017-61377.
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Lateral buckling (LB) design for subsea pipelines generally requires reliability analysis to evaluate the probability that a lateral buckling mitigation system will behave as expected, which means that the engineered initiators will trigger buckles sequentially before any uncontrolled buckle can form in between. As various parameters involved in the buckle formation process are uncertain (soil characteristics, residual horizontal and vertical Out of Straightness (OOS) after pipelay), a probabilistic approach is used to assess the likelihood that the pipeline will buckle at the intended locations. The Safebuck JIP has developed a structural reliability model of the pipeline expansion process to calculate the probable virtual anchor spacing (VAS). This model can be used to assess the reliability of buckle initiation on the design of pipelines susceptible to lateral buckling. The buckling response of a pipeline will always be inherently uncertain because project specific OOS information is not known prior to pipelay. The Safebuck guideline focus is on horizontal OOS whereas the impact of bathymetry is addressed in a high level fashion, with no clear methodology. This paper presents an alternative approach to account for the effects of bathymetry on the reliability of buckle formation. The model is a significant advance on the current method for estimating buckle formation reliability and brings other important benefits such as capability for modelling any transient profiles of pressure and temperature. In this paper the difference between the horizontal residual OOS in pipelines for different pipelay methods is discussed, and it is shown that the method of pipelay can have a significant effect on pipeline horizontal residual OOS. The impact of change in horizontal OOS on reliability of buckle formation has been assessed.
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Griffiths, Terry, Scott Draper, Liang Cheng, Feifei Tong, Antonino Fogliani, David White, Fraser Johnson, Daniel Coles, Stephen Ingham, and Caroline Lourie. "Subsea Cable Stability on Rocky Seabeds: Comparison of Field Observations Against Conventional and Novel Design Methods." In ASME 2018 37th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2018-77130.
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As offshore renewable energy projects progress from concept demonstration to commercial-scale developments there is a need for improved approaches beyond conventional cable engineering design methods that have evolved from larger diameter pipelines for the oil and gas industry. New approaches are needed to capture the relevant physics for small diameter cables on rocky seabeds to reduce the costs and risks of power transmission and increase operational reliability. This paper reports on subsea cables that MeyGen installed for Phase 1a of the Pentland Firth Inner Sound tidal stream energy project. These cables are located on rocky seabeds in an area where severe metocean conditions occur. ROV field observation of these cables shows them to be stable on the seabed with little or no movement occurring over almost all of the cable routes, despite conventional engineering methods predicting significant dynamic movement. We cite recent research undertaken by the University of Western Australia (UWA) to more accurately assess the hydrodynamic forces and geotechnical interaction of cables on rocky seabeds. We quantify the conformity between the cables and the undulating rocky seabed, and the distributions of cable-seabed contact and spanning via simulations of the centimetric-scale seabed bathymetry. This analysis leads to calculated profiles of lift, drag and seabed friction along the cable, which show that all of these load and reaction components are modelled in an over-conservative way by conventional pipeline engineering techniques. Overall, our analysis highlights that current cable stability design can be unnecessarily conservative on rocky seabeds. Our work foreshadows a new design approach that offers more efficient cable design to reduce project capex and enhance through-life integrity management.
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Hove, Frode, Tore H. So̸reide, Anne Cecilie Nordsve, and Sigurd D. Trier. "Novel Design of Small Diameter Pipelines on Uneven Seabed." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49734.
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The paper deals with design philosophy for small diameter HP/HT flowlines on uneven seabed with major emphasis on controlled snaking expansion design of free spanning flowlines subject to fishing gear interaction loads. The response from trawl pull-over is given major attention as part of the overall design procedure including ECA (Engineering Criticality Assessment), covering high and low cycle crack growth. The background for the design procedure is reference projects in the Norwegian sector, where REINERTSEN performed the flowlines detail engineering. Iceberg plough marks make an irregular seabed with partly sharp and deep valleys crossing the flowline routes, resulting in free spans. The bathymetry and extent of unevenness varies for the lines, resulting in different behavior and design approaches, especially for trawl pull-over. The major criterion for a robust design is strong sectioning by intermittent rock berms. For operation loads these serve as locking points and as such they are termed ARBs (Anchoring Rock Berms), whereas for trawl pull-over axial motion through the berms is allowed, depending on seabed profile, and as long as the pipeline deforms without unacceptable crack growth in girth welds. Design criteria for the ARBs are presented, covering the expansion phases of buckle initiation, post-buckle and shutdown, respectively. For trawl pull-over separate control of the intermittent rock dumps is shown, covering the cases of section interaction and complete locking, respectively. Criteria for the choice of trawl design approach are evaluated. Traditional design handles the trawl impact capacity of pipelines by a local buckling criterion, in which axial force and bending moment are the response parameters. For expansion control this is a relevant approach, however for a concentrated and curvature. Applying the latter criterion is illustrated by numerical example in view of displacement- or load controlled behaviour. A summary on rock saving potential is made for a typical reference project from a traditional design involving infill of spans to the new approach where free spans are allowed also for trawl pull-over. The potential cost saving for seabed intervention work by rock dumping is found to be well above 5000 NOK/m (>1000 $/m) for very irregular seabed, while typically in the order of 1000 $ for normal uneven seabed.
Reports on the topic "Bathymetric profile"
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Brodie, Katherine, Brittany Bruder, Richard Slocum, and Nicholas Spore. Simultaneous mapping of coastal topography and bathymetry from a lightweight multicamera UAS. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41440.
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A low-cost multicamera Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) is used to simultaneously estimate open-coast topography and bathymetry from a single longitudinal coastal flight. The UAS combines nadir and oblique imagery to create a wide field of view (FOV), which enables collection of mobile, long dwell timeseries of the littoral zone suitable for structure-from motion (SfM), and wave speed inversion algorithms. Resultant digital surface models (DSMs) compare well with terrestrial topographic lidar and bathymetric survey data at Duck, NC, USA, with root-mean-square error (RMSE)/bias of 0.26/–0.05 and 0.34/–0.05 m, respectively. Bathymetric data from another flight at Virginia Beach, VA, USA, demonstrates successful comparison (RMSE/bias of 0.17/0.06 m) in a secondary environment. UAS-derived engineering data products, total volume profiles and shoreline position, were congruent with those calculated from traditional topo-bathymetric surveys at Duck. Capturing both topography and bathymetry within a single flight, the presented multicamera system is more efficient than data acquisition with a single camera UAS; this advantage grows for longer stretches of coastline (10 km). Efficiency increases further with an on-board Global Navigation Satellite System–Inertial Navigation System (GNSS-INS) to eliminate ground control point (GCP) placement. The Appendix reprocesses the Virginia Beach flight with the GNSS–INS input and no GCPs.
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Sherin, A. G., I. A. Hardy, S. Merchant, D. E. Beaver, D. Holt, and M. Cash. A 35 mm Microfilm Compilation of Collected Bathymetric and Seismic Profiles From Cruise 80030, Nearshore Northeast Newfoundland. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130843.
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Dahl, Travis, Justin Giles, Kathleen Staebell, David Biedenharn, and Joseph Dunbar. Effects of geologic outcrops on long-term geomorphic trends : New Madrid, MO, to Hickman, KY. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41086.
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The Mississippi River between New Madrid, MO, and Hickman, KY, is of particular interest because of divergent trends in water surface profiles at the upstream and downstream ends of the reach. This report documents the investigation of the bathymetry, geology, and hydraulics of this segment of the river. The report shows that the area near River Mile 901 above Head of Passes strongly affects the river stages at low flows. This part of the river can experience high shear stresses when flows fall below 200,000 cfs, as opposed to most other locations where shear stress increases with flow. One-dimensional hydraulic modeling was also used to demonstrate that an increase of depth at a single scour hole, such as the one downstream from Hickman near River Mile 925, is unlikely to cause reach-wide degradation.
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Sherin, A. G., I. A. Hardy, S. Merchant, D. E. Beaver, D. Holt, and M. Cash. A 35 mm Microfilm Compilation of Collected Bathymetric Profiles From the Lase (Large Aperture Seismic Experiment) Cruise 81020, Continental Margin of eastern United States, off New Jersey. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/130848.
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Bathymetric surveys of Morse and Geist Reservoirs in central Indiana made with acoustic Doppler current profiler and global positioning system technology, 1996. US Geological Survey, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.3133/wri974099.
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