Academic literature on the topic 'Batman Treaty'
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Journal articles on the topic "Batman Treaty"
1
Thoss, Jeff. "Versifying Batman: Superheroes in contemporary poetry." Frontiers of Narrative Studies 5, no. 2 (November 28, 2019): 268–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fns-2019-0016.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSince the late 1980 s, poets from the US and, to a lesser extent, the UK have increasingly featured superheroes in their work, mostly appropriating iconic figures along the lines of Batman or Superman and exploring some aspect of their personality (e. g., Batman’s relationship to Robin, Superman’s loneliness) in dramatic monologues. The prevailing if not sole account of this phenomenon argues that these characters provide a shared mythology to a generation of writers to whom biblical and classical references are no longer readily available. It also ties the superheroes’ provenance exclusively to the medium of comics. This latter point, in particular, is open to debate, insofar as since the late 1980 s, superheroes are, more than ever, part of media franchises that treat comic books as but one among many outlets. The present article hence views the superheroes in poetry not so much as an appropriation of comic book but of transmedia characters. Simon Armitage’s seminal poem “Kid” (1992), for instance – a diatribe by Robin directed at Batman’s dismissal of him – resonates as much with the 1960 s TV series or Tim Burton’s Batman films (1989, 1992) as with the dark knight’s reinvention at the hands of comic book writers such as Frank Miller or Alan Moore. At the same time, the article aims to locate the place of the seemingly insular genre of poetry within a “convergence culture” that disseminates superheroes in the media ecology. Evidently, the “superhero poems” are not licensed creations that partake in officially sanctioned transmedia networks. Neither, however, are they a product of fandom and participatory culture. Instead, I would suggest that poetry here tentatively engages with the media culture that has factored into its marginalization during the past decades.
2
MOSHEIN, JACK, ANTHONY H. ALTER, KENNETH B. ELCONIN, WENDALL W. ADAMS, and JOSEPH ISAACSON. "Transcervical Fractures of the Hip Treated With the Bateman Bipolar Prosthesis." Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research &NA;, no. 251 (February 1990): 48???53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003086-199002000-00009.
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3
Li, Dehui, Huanfang Fan, Jingfei Dong, Chunxia Sun, Yifan Su, Jiao Liu, and Yiting Gu. "Based on BATMAN-TCM to Explore the Molecular Mechanism of Xihuang Pill Regulating Immune Function to Treat Breast Precancerous Lesions." Breast Cancer: Targets and Therapy Volume 13 (December 2021): 725–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/bctt.s339607.
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4
Lingga Pranata, Muh. Ilham, and Romi Saputra. "STRATEGI PENINGKATAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH DARI SEKTOR PAJAK DAERAH (Studi Kasus Pajak Mineral bukan Logam dan Batuan di Kabupaten Bangka Provinsi Kepulauan Bangka Belitung)." VISIONER : Jurnal Pemerintahan Daerah di Indonesia 11, no. 3 (October 16, 2020): 431–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.54783/jv.v11i3.216.
Full textAbstract:
Pelaksanaan Otonomi Daerah membawa konsekuensi bagi pemerintah daerah untuk lebih mandiri, baik dari segi pembiayaan maupun dalam menentukan arah pembangunan. Hal ini menjadi persoalan bagi daerah untuk meningkatkan sumber-sumber keuangan yang memadai. Peningkatan PAD merupakan salah satu instrument untuk mengurangi ketergantungan Keuangan Daerah dari Pemerintah Pusat.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal dalam pengelolaan Pajak mineral bukan logam dan batuan di Kabupaten Bangka serta mengetahui strategi daerah dalam meningkatkan PAD dari sektor pajak Minerba. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk menganalisis masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode analisis SWOT, dengan melihat kebijakan pemerintah Kabupaten Bangka yang ada serta strategi apa yang akan diterapkan dalam meningkatkan PAD dari sektor pajak mineral bukan logam dan batuan.
Berdasarkan identifikasi faktor-faktor internal dan eksternal dan alalisis SWOT maka determinan Faktor Kekuatan (Strength) yaitu SDM dilihat dari kuantitas, Badan Pengelolaan Pajak Daerah yang bertanggung jawab dalam pelaksanaan PAD, Struktur Organisasi yang jelas, dukungan anggaran, kedisiplinan pegawai, Faktor; Kelemahan (Weakness) SDM dilihat dari segi kulaitas, sarana dan prasarana yang terbatas, Ego masing-masing bidang, kurangnya pengawasan internal, Kurangnya pelaksaan diklat tentang perpajakan; Faktor Peluang (Opportunities) Yaitu dukungan Eksekutif dan DPRD, potensi Pajak Minerba yang belum digali secara optimal, Kondisi keaamanan yang kondusif sehingga berpeluang berinvestasi, kemajuan teknologi dalam mengakses informasi dan komunikasi; Faktor Ancaman (Treath) yaitu Belum adanya peraturan tentang Pajak Minerba, masih kurangnya koordinasi antar OPD, kurangnya kesadaran masyarakat dalam mebayar pajak, akses internet yang belum merata dan belum optimal, masih ada petugas pajak yang melakukan penyimpangan terhadap pemungutan pajak.
Simpulan dari penelitian ini adanya 3 isu yang sangat strategis yaitu membuat peraturan daerah tentang pajak Minerba, peningkatan komitmen pemerintah untuk memeberikan dukungan pelatihan atau diklat pada SDM yang ada, memberikan kemudahan berinvestasi bagi masyarakat yang ingin mengelolaa pasir dan batuan. Disarankan untuk segera membuat perda tentang pajak Minerba, memberikan peningkatan kapasitas SDM seperti PPNS Pajak dan Jurusita dan Mempermudah persyaratan pengajuan perizinan tentang pengelolaan pasir dan batuan.
5
Shuai, Yongming, Zhili Jiang, Qiuwen Yuan, Shuqiang Tu, and Fanhui Zeng. "Deciphering the Underlying Mechanism of Eucommiae Cortex against Osteoporotic Fracture by Network Pharmacology." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (September 7, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7049812.
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Background. Du Zhong (DZ), or Eucommiae Cortex, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, has been used to treat osteoporosis. Although it has been reported that DZ can improve bone mass in ovariectomized rats, its pharmacological mechanisms in treating osteoporotic fractures (OPF) remain unclear. Methods. In this study, we used a network pharmacological manner to explore its potential complicated mechanism in treating OPF. We obtained DZ compounds from TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases and collected potential targets of these compounds through target fishing based on TCMSP and BATMAN-TCM databases. Next, we collected the OPF targets by using CTD, GeneCards, OMIM, HPO, and GenCLiP 3 databases. And then the overlapping genes between DZ potential targets and OPF targets were used to build up the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and to analyze their interactions and find out the big hub genes in this network. Subsequently, clusterProfiler package in R language was utilized to conduct the enrichment of Gene Ontology biological process and KEGG pathways. Results. There were totally 93 active compounds and 916 related targets in DZ. After the enrichment analysis, we collected top 25 cellular biological processes and top 25 pathways based on the adjusted P value and found that the DZ anti-OPF effect was mainly associated with the regulation of ROS and inflammatory response. Furthermore, 64 hub genes in PPI network, such as MAPK1 (degree = 41), SRC (degree = 39), PIK3R1 (degree = 36), VEGFA (degree = 31), TP53 (degree = 29), EGFR (degree = 29), JUN (degree = 29), AGT (degree = 29), MAPK1, SRC, PIK3R1, VEGFA, and TP53, were considered as potential therapeutic targets, implying the underlying mechanisms of DZ acting on OPF. Conclusion. We investigated the possible therapeutic mechanisms of DZ from a systemic perspective. These key targets and pathways provided promising directions for the future research to reveal the exact regulating mechanisms of DZ in treating OPF.
6
Martha, Rahma Diyan, and Fatimah. "Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanolik Batang Tanaman Majapahit (Crescentia cujete) Terhadap Artemia salina Leach." Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jp.v11i1.2146.
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Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability of these cells to attack biological tissue. Various attempts have been made, one of them with treatment to kill cancer cells, but not a few of these efforts actually cause side effects. This fact demands the need for a safe alternative way to treat cancer using natural ingredients. One of the local natural resources that has the potential to treat cancer is Majapahit (Crescentia cujete). In this study, Majapahit (C. cujete) stem extracts were carried out which have anticancer activity. The first stage was screening by conducting a qualitative analysis of the ethanol extract of the stem of the majapahit plant (C. cujete). Furthermore, a toxicity test was carried out against Artemia salina Leach using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method. Phytochemical testing was carried out to check the content of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the majapahit stem extract, and the results were positive for flavonoids, tannins, saponins and phenolics. This data, supported by spectrophotometric tests, proved that the largest concentration of the ethanolic extract of the majapahit (C. cujete) stem was 24.05% tannin. Then the LC50 test from the toxicity test of the active component of majapahit plant stem extract (C. cujete) against Artemia salina Leach showed a concentration of 0.01 µg / mL and 0.04 µg / mL, namely with a percentage below 50%.
7
Martha, Rahma Diyan, and Fatimah. "Uji Toksisitas Ekstrak Etanolik Batang Tanaman Majapahit (Crescentia cujete) Terhadap Artemia salina Leach." Photon: Jurnal Sain dan Kesehatan 11, no. 1 (January 9, 2021): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jp.v11i1.2146.
Full textAbstract:
Cancer is a disease characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the ability of these cells to attack biological tissue. Various attempts have been made, one of them with treatment to kill cancer cells, but not a few of these efforts actually cause side effects. This fact demands the need for a safe alternative way to treat cancer using natural ingredients. One of the local natural resources that has the potential to treat cancer is Majapahit (Crescentia cujete). In this study, Majapahit (C. cujete) stem extracts were carried out which have anticancer activity. The first stage was screening by conducting a qualitative analysis of the ethanol extract of the stem of the majapahit plant (C. cujete). Furthermore, a toxicity test was carried out against Artemia salina Leach using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) method. Phytochemical testing was carried out to check the content of secondary metabolite compounds contained in the majapahit stem extract, and the results were positive for flavonoids, tannins, saponins and phenolics. This data, supported by spectrophotometric tests, proved that the largest concentration of the ethanolic extract of the majapahit (C. cujete) stem was 24.05% tannin. Then the LC50 test from the toxicity test of the active component of majapahit plant stem extract (C. cujete) against Artemia salina Leach showed a concentration of 0.01 µg / mL and 0.04 µg / mL, namely with a percentage below 50%.
8
Simbolon, Alvin Christopher. "Perbedaan Persepsi Turki dan North Atlantic Treaty Organization Terhadap Ancaman Terorisme." Jurnal ICMES 4, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v4i2.87.
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Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan sikap dan kebijakan yang diambil Turki dalam menghadapi Unit Perlindungan Rakyat (YPG); sebuah organisasi milisi Kurdi di Suriah, yang dipandang sebagai ancaman terorisme bagi Turki, namun tidak demikian bagi NATO. Minimnya literatur yang menggambarkan dinamika hubungan Turki-NATO dari sisi persepsi ancaman, khususnya yang berkaitan erat dengan ancaman YPG, menjadi celah yang akan diisi oleh peneliti dalam tulisan ini. Tulisan ini memiliki argumen bahwa Turki telah mengambil tindakan dan sikap yang cenderung melanggar batasan norma dan nilai dalam aliansi NATO. Turki memainkan perannya secara unilateral dalam menghadapi YPG. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka kerja analisis Oposisi dalam Aliansi dari Oya Dursun Ozkanca yang memperlihatkan tiga proses Oposisi dalam Aliansi dan menggambarkan kapan alat-alat kenegaraan tertentu digunakan dalam aliansi dan untuk tujuan apa. Artikel ini diharapkan berkontribusi pada pengembangan empiris dan konseptual literatur ilmiah tentang Oposisi dalam Aliansi dengan menggunakan studi kasus kebijakan luar negeri Turki.
9
JÁUREGUI BERECIARTU, GURUTZ, and JUAN IGNACIO UGARTEMENDIA ECEIZABARRENA. "EUROPA EN EL LECHO DE PROCUSTO: DE LA CONSTITUCIÓN EUROPEA AL TRATADO DE LISBOA." Revista Vasca de Administración Pública / Herri-Arduralaritzarako Euskal Aldizkaria, no. 79 (December 1, 2007): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.47623/ivap-rvap.79.2007.1.04.
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Estas páginas están dedicadas a realizar un análisis de las principales características del «Tratado por el que se modifican el Tratado de la Unión Europea y el Tratado Constitutivo de la Comunidad Europea», texto aprobado en Lisboa, el 13 de diciembre de 2007, por los Jefes de Estado y de Gobierno de los veintisiete Estados miembros de la Unión Europea con la intención de que, una vez sea ratificado, entre en vigor a principios de 2009. Se trata, en cualquier caso, de un análisis de carácter general, que se articula comparando dicho Tratado de reforma con el texto de la non nata «Constitución Europea» (2004), texto, este último, del que asume o mimetiza gran parte del contenido aunque no así su formulación y carácter constitucional. Orri hauetan «Europar Batasunaren Ituna eta Europako Erkidegoa Eratzeko Ituna aldatzeko Ituna» delako dokumentuaren bereizgarri nagusiak aztertuko ditugu. Erreforma-dokumentu hori 2007ko abenduaren 13an onetsi zuten Lisboan, Europar Batasuneko hogeita zazpi estatu kideetako estatuburuek eta gobernuburuek sinatuta, berrespena lortu ondoren, 2009. urte hasieran indarrean jartzeko asmoz. Edonola ere, azterketa orokorra izango da gurea, eta erreforma-ituna eta «Europar Batasuneko Konstituzio (2004)» sortugabea alderatuz egingo dugu. Izan ere, erreforma-ituna hein handi batean Europar Batasunaren konstituzio-dokumentu horren edukian oinarritzen bada ere, ezberdina da formulazioari edo izaera konstituzionalari dagokionez. These pages are devoted to analyze the main characteristics of the «Treaty amending the Treaty of the European Union and the Treaty establishing the European Community» signed in Lisbon on 13 December 2007 by the Heads of State and Government from the twenty seven Member states with the
aim, once ratified, of entering into force by the beginning of 2009. It is in any case a general analysis built on the basis of comparing that aforementioned Treaty of amendment with the provisions of the non nata «European Constitution» (2004). And from this later text takes or copies in a large extent the contents although not its formulation and constitutional nature.
10
Anwar, Muhammad, Murah, and Muhammad Zainuddin. "IDENTIFIKASI MANFAAT LIMBAH BATANG TEMBAKAU DI KABUPATEN LOMBOK TIMUR." Journal Ilmiah Rinjani : Media Informasi Ilmiah Universitas Gunung Rinjani 9, no. 2 (July 31, 2021): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53952/jir.v9i2.331.
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Post-harvest management of tobacco commodities in East Lombok Regency is very important considering that the waste of tobacco stems, leaf stalks, seeds, and residues from the oven process still contains nicotine. Efforts need to be made to treat tobacco waste so that harmful risks can be reduced by applying the concept of environmentally friendly agriculture or an eco-farming system. Environmentally friendly agriculture is part of the implementation of sustainable agriculture, which is an agricultural movement that uses ecological principles, the study of the relationship between organisms and their environment. East Lombok's local resources in the form of the availability of tobacco stem waste which is abundant, neglected, and damaging to the aesthetics of the environment requires more in-depth attention to study its benefits into various environmentally friendly products. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method with a library research approach. The benefits of tobacco stem waste are as follows: Tobacco stem and stem waste as bio-biket material; Tobacco stems and seeds as biodiesel; Tobacco waste extract granules against aedes aegypti larvae; Tobacco stem waste as biopesticide material; Tobacco stem waste as organic fertilizer; Tobacco stem waste as natural dye for batik and bioinsecticide tobacco stem soaking water. Keywords: Waste, Tobacco Stems, Eco-Farming and East Lombok ABSTRAK Pengelolaan pasca panen komoditas tembakau di Kabupaten Lombok Timur sangat penting dilakukan mengingat limbah batang tembakau, tangkai daun, biji, dan residu dari proses pengovenan masih mengandung nikotin. Perlu dilakukan upaya pengolahan limbah tembakau tersebut agar resiko berbahaya dapat dikurangi dengan menerapkan konsep pertanian yang ramah lingkungan atau eco-farming system. Pertanian ramah lingkungan adalah bagian dari impelementasi pertanian berkelanjutan (sustainable agriculture) yaitu gerakan pertanian yang menggunakan prinsip ekologi, studi hubungan antara organisme dan lingkungannya. Sumberdaya lokal Lombok Timur berupa tersedianya limbah batang tembakau yang melimpah, tidak terurus, dan merusak estetika lingkungan membutuhkan perhatian yang lebih mendalam untuk dikaji manfaatnya menjadi berbagai produk yang ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi pustaka (library research). Manfaat limbah batang tembakau sebagai berikut: Limbah batang dan gagang (stem) tembakau sebagai bahan bio-biket; Batang dan biji tembakau sebagai biodesel; Granul ekstrak limbah tembakau terhadap larva aedes aegypti; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai bahan biopestisida; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai pupuk organik; Limbah batang tembakau sebagai pewarna alami batik dan Air rendaman batang tembakau bioinsektisida. Kata kunci: Limbah, Batang Tembakau, Eco-Farming dan Lombok Timur
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Batman Treaty"
1
Amerena, Massimo. "Something before, that still remains: experiential treaty-making on Kulin Country." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42145/.
Full textAbstract:
Narrm, later named Port Phillip Bay by colonisers, shapes Aboriginal politics. This thesis is a place-based
examination of the forms of treaty-making practised around Narrm. It aims to deepen the understandings of
settler-Australians and historians of the political sophistication of the Kulin federation, a group of allied
Aboriginal nations whose Country covers what is now central Victoria, Australia. Drawing on Aboriginal oral
histories and colonial primary sources, as well as anthropological and archaeological scholarship, I use
knowledge of Kulin culture and philosophy to explore, imagine, and decolonise the history of their politics from
14,000 years ago to the end of 1835. The forms of treaty explored in this thesis have been continuously practised
for thousands of generations and exist within, and as an expression of, Kulin law. This thesis is divided into two
parts, each consisting of two chapters. Part I examines the Kulin’s pre-colonial traditions of treaty-making,
showing political relations were performed with Country, the non-human world and humans. Part II builds on
this and shows that when encountering settlers in 1835 the bayside Kulin continued, and evolved, their treatymaking traditions.
To describe these forms of Kulin political agreement-making, highlight Kulin agency and the political role of
women, I introduce the term experiential treaties. An experiential treaty exists within the Indigenous oral
tradition and is a political accord between a sovereign Aboriginal group and another party, be they a
neighbouring Aboriginal clan, a refugee, a group of settlers as guests, or the non-human world of Country and
animals. Exploring the Kulin world through experiential treaties centres Aboriginal political agency and selfdetermination. It is important to highlight that the practice of treaty-making does not have to include the modern
or colonial settler-state. Experiential treaties are characterised by reciprocity and repetition, as they require
iterative renewal through personal interactions between host and guest.
With an imaginative approach based on Greg Dening’s historical methodology, I explore experiential treatymaking on Kulin country to decolonise Victorian history and highlight the silences and absences within current
revisionist historiography of 1835. Rather than analyse the founding of Melbourne, I turn to the underresearched and unacknowledged political agency of the Waddawurrung living around present-day Geelong.
Through exploring interactions with John Batman and his crew, I examine the exclusion of women from the
narrative of 1835. Re-interpreting the political relations between the Waddawurrung and settlers camped at
Indented Head shows that Kulin political traditions were continued, not disrupted, through what I term the
Geelong Treaty based on the principle of iterative renewal and reciprocity.
This thesis has significance in expanding the narrative of 1835 to include Kulin women and the Waddawurrung,
but it also gives new depth to understandings of modern treaty-making and Indigenous activism in Victoria. As
Wiradjuri legal scholar Mark McMillan states on the history and custom of Indigenous treaty-making: “There
was something before, that still remains”.
Key Words: treaty-making, Geelong Treaty, Kulin Treaty, Batman Treaty, Aboriginal treaties, decolonisation,
Victorian colonisation, experiential treaties, Indigenous sovereignty, settler-colonialism, Kulin agency,
Waddawurrung (Waddawurrung, Wathawurrung), Narrm (Port Phillip Bay), Beangala, Indented Head, William
Buckley, cross-cultural lawful relations, environmental history, the Yarra camp.
2
Berger, Karen. "Performing belonging: meeting on and in the earth." Thesis, 2013. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/25361/.
Full textAbstract:
This
Masters
by
Research
project
involves
two
ways
of
meeting
that
explore,
in
complimentary
ways,
the
question
of
belonging.
It
comprises
this
exegesis
and
a
performance
at
a
spot
near
where
I’ve
lived
for
15
years,
on
the
banks
of
the
Merri
Creek
in
Melbourne.
This
spot
is
where
John
Batman
probably
met
with
Wurundjeri
elders
on
June
6th
1835,
with
the
aim
of
negotiating
a
treaty
for
the
buying
of
500,000
acres
of
their
land.
When
I
walk
along
the
Merri
Creek
I
feel
that
it
is
in
some
way
‘mine’,
but
know
that
this
is
only
the
case
because
the
original
inhabitants
were
violently
prevented
from
maintaining
their
traditional
lives
here.
For
contemporary
Aboriginal
people,
Australia
can
be
felt
as
‘theirs’
and
‘not
theirs’;
and
many
immigrant
Australians
who
now
‘belong’
here
were,
either
themselves
or
their
ancestors,
violently
moved
off
their
own
homelands.
It
could
be
argued
that
Australians’
relationship
to
the
land
is
paradoxical.
I
am
interested
in
what
theatre,
specifically
site-‐specific
theatre,
can
do
to
address
the
issue
of
belonging.
Neil
Leach
describes
belonging
as
inherently
performative.1
Assuming
that
the
personal,
social,
historical
and
spatial
are
inseparable
and
interdependent,
I
have
chosen
a
site
that
is
particularly
evocative
of
my
(and
hopefully
other
Australians
too),
exploration
of
connection
to
this
country.
Books on the topic "Batman Treaty"
2
Snider, Brandon T., and Dario Brizuela. Tricks and Treats! Raintree Publishers, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Batman Treaty"
1
Salminen, Janne. "“I’ll Show You What It Means to Be a Man”." In Toxic Masculinity, 52–68. University Press of Mississippi, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496828934.003.0004.
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This chapter considers how Zack Snyder’s film perpetuates the idea that only men constitute humanity. Any deviation from the concept of biological cisgendered males occupying key positions in society are treated as anomalous. Wonder Woman can be as strong as Superman, but physically, she does not disrupt the heterosexual matrix in any way. She is also explicitly mentioned as not being part of the same society or ‘world’ as Batman and Superman, implying that women who are equal to men are an exceptional rarity. Other female characters are reduced to damsels in distress or window dressing. Comparatively, male characters can inhabit the hero role through the demonstration of superior physical strength and a performative suffering that legitimizes their law-breaking vigilantism.
2
"Batman’s Treaty and the Rise and Fall of Native Title, 1835–1836." In Empire and the Making of Native Title, 43–64. Cambridge University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108776424.003.
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3
Arterton, F. Christopher. "Strategy and Negotiations in Politics." In Strategy in Politics, 173—C8P60. Oxford University PressNew York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197644836.003.0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Because exercising power in politics is essential to accomplishing its purposes, strategy will inevitably emphasize Machiavellian actions. But that is not the only way to achieve and exercise political power. This chapter discusses the dynamics of finding agreement through negotiations as an alternative means of securing desired objectives. The other party should be treated as a “counterpart,” not an enemy, even recognizing that they will have interests that conflict with yours. Before entering a negotiation, you should always calculate your minimum acceptable demand (MAD), consider your best alternative to a negotiated agreement (BATNA), and diagnose whether there exists a zone of possible agreement (ZOPA). Need, desire, competition, time deadlines, and sunk costs all work to diminish the parties’ leverage over the outcome. Given that negotiations in the political realm more commonly produce coalitions and enduring relationships, political managers should act to achieve at least some minimal benefit for all parties.
Conference papers on the topic "Batman Treaty"
1
Basler, Benno, and Detlef Marx. "Heavy Fuel Operation at Limay Bataan Power Station." In ASME Turbo Expo 2001: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/2001-gt-0213.
Full textAbstract:
The Limay Bataan Power station, a 600 MW combined cycle, is now in its 8th successful year of operation. Operating on this specific heavy fuel oil, which is a high viscosity, high ashbearing heavy fuel residue from the refinery at Limay, requires a skilled and experienced crew as the quality of fuel was subject to major changes which are highly relevant to the operating mode. If not treated properly, this fuel could corrode blades within a short operating period. This paper describes the experiences gained on the fuel handling from the fuel treatment plant to the turbine and also addresses the operation of the combined cycle. Specific operating problems are discussed. The plant is fully operated and maintained by ALSTOM Power O&M Ltd with its local team that has greatly contributed to the success of the plant.
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Abu, Supri, and Damanik. "Peran RI dalam Fora Internasional (Perjuangan dalam Menentukan Definition and Delimitation of Outer Space)." In Seminar Nasional Kebijakan Penerbangan dan Antariksa II. Bogor: In Media, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/p.sinaskpa.ii.7.
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Sebelum tahun 1919, negara-negara sepakat bahwa ruang udara adalah tanpa kedaulatan sehingga tidak ada negara yang mempunyai hak. Pemahaman ini didasari oleh pemikiran bahwa, "udara" yang dimaksud adalah “zat”, yakni sebagai lapisan atmosfer yang ada di bumi yang keberadaannya sama dengan keberadaan air di bumi. Setelah balon udara panas ditemukan dan kemudian menjadi alat transportasi serta dipergunakan untuk tujuan militer secara bebas, muncul larangan untuk menerbangkan balon di wilayah udara beberapa kota Eropa tanpa ijin untuk menjaga keselamatan dan keamanan warga sipil. Pemahaman hukum selanjutnya berkembang bahwa, ruang udara dianggap sebagai pengertian “geografis” yang menunjukkan ruang dimana udara ditemukan yang akhirnya disepakati pada tahun 1919 bahwa negara mempunyai kedaulatan atas ruang udara di wilayahnya yang kemudian diadopsi menjadi Pasal 1 Konvensi Chicago 1944 bahwa, setiap negara mempunyai kedaulatan yang “complete and exclusive” di atas wilayahnya. Namun demikian, Konvensi Chicago 1944 ini tidak memberikan pengertian yang cukup tentang wilayah yang dimaksud dan menentukan secara jelas tentang batas horizontal dan vertikal ruang udara. Untuk batas horizontal darat, tidak ada masalah dalam pengertian hukumnya sehingga penentuan batas geografisnya tergantung kesepakatan dua negara tetangga. Sedangkan batas kedaulatan laut teritorial, Hukum Laut/Unclos 1982 telah menjadi dasar hukum penetapannya, termasuk status hukum laut teritorial, ruang udara di atas laut teritorial dan pengertian Negara Kepulauan. Sedangkan batas vertikal sampai saat ini belum ada kesepakatan antar negara, padahal sangat diperlukan mengingat prinsip hukum ruang udara dan ruang angkasa sangat berbeda. Space Treaty 1967 menjelaskan bahwa, tidak ada satu negara pun dapat klaim kedaulatan walaupun lebih dulu ke ruang angkasa maupun ke benda-benda lain di antariksa. Usaha untuk mencapai kesepakatan batas vertikal tersebut yang dikenal dengan nama “definisi dan atau delimitasi” sudah cukup lama. Hal ini dapat dilihat dalam dokumen laporan United Nation Committee On the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space (UNCOPUOS)” pada tahun 1969 yang pertama kali mempertanyakan masalah ini. Pada akhirnya, permasalahan di atas terus muncul dalam setiap sidang Sub-Komite Hukum. Ada dua pendapat yang berkembang. Pertama, beberapa negara berkembang menyampaikan pendapatnya menyangkut pentingnya definisi dan delimitasi dengan alasan utama adalah perbedaan prinsip hukum yang berlaku. Pandangan kedua dari beberapa negara maju bahwa, tidak penting menentukan definisi dan delimitasi, dengan alasan diantaranya dapat menghambat pengembangan tehnologi ruang angkasa. Indonesia sebagai negara khatulistiwa yang terpanjang di dunia, sangat berkepentingan untuk menentukan definisi dan delimitasi karena merupakan hal yang berkaitan langsung dengan keselamatan dan keamanan negara. Untuk itu melalui beberapa forum internasional terutama di sidang UNCOPUOS, pada tahun 2016 Indonesia telah menyampaikan sikap dan usulan diantaranya, agar ketinggian 110 km di atas permukaan laut dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai dasar penetapan batas ruang angkasa.
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Talenti, Simona. "Visions “humaines” ou “infernales”: les moyens de transport et la perception de la ville chez Le Corbusier." In LC2015 - Le Corbusier, 50 years later. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/lc2015.2015.821.
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Résumé: Les représentations des villes depuis la mer ont eu, à partir du XVe siècle, un grand succès dans l’iconographie urbaine des voyageurs. Depuis 1911, Le Corbusier a pris l’habitude d’esquisser dans ses carnets de croquis les paysages urbains découverts au cours de son voyage en Orient. Villes, remparts ou monuments significatifs sont souvent représentés depuis la mer ou les fleuves, car l'arrivée en bateau autorise une perception progressive et globale du site. Suite à son séjour en Amérique du sud en 1929, l'architecte exprime ouvertement son appréciation pour la perspective obtenue depuis le bateau au milieu des baies, car ce point de vue lui permet de contextualiser immédiatement ses propositions d’aménagement urbain. De simple connaissance des villes, cette pratique iconographique devient, chez Le Corbusier, un instrument d’élaboration du projet. Mais la vue horizontale est bientôt accompagnée du procédé de survol des centres urbains pour appréhender la grandeur du paysage naturel et construit. À travers l’analyse des nombreuses images – dessins, croquis, photos – élaborées par Le Corbusier à partir des différents moyens de transport, ainsi que des commentaires accompagnant ces documents iconographiques et de quelques textes publiés, on essayera de mieux comprendre le rapport entre l’échelle de ces visions panoramiques et la nouvelle approche territoriale mise au point par Le Corbusier à partir des années Trente. Abstract: The representations of cities viewed from the sea have had, since the fifteenth century, a great success in urban iconography. From 1911, Le Corbusier began drawing urban landscapes in his sketchbooks, which he discovered during his trip to the Orient. Cities, fortifications or significant monuments are often depicted from the sea or rivers, because the arrival by boat allows a gradual and overall perception of the site. After his stay in South America in 1929, the architect openly expressed his appreciation for the panoramic view obtained from the boat in the middle of the bay. This point of view allows him to contextualize his urban development proposals immediately. This iconographic practice is no longer a simple function of knowledge, but it has become an instrument for realising the project. However, the horizontal view was soon accompanied by the process of flying over urban centres to understand the magnitude of the man-made and natural landscape. Through the analysis of the many images – drawings, sketches, photos – developed by Le Corbusier using different means of transport, of comments accompanying these iconographic documents and of some published texts, the paper aims to better understand the relationship between the scale of these panoramic visions and the new territorial approach developed by Le Corbusier from the Thirties onwards. Mots clés: moyens de transport; avion; bateau. Keywords: means of transport; airplane; boat DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/LC2015.2015.821
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Dias, Mariana de Souza, and Matheus Felipe de Souza Vasconcelos. "Conus medullaris syndrome caused by spinal cord schistosomiasis: case report." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.529.
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Background: Neuroschistosomiasis is a rare but severe complication of schistosomiasis that is often underdiagnosed and can affect both the brain and the spinal cord. CNS involvement occurs during hepato-intestinal or intestinal phase of the disease, when the Schistosoma eggs or adult worms reach the vertebral venous plexuses via Batson plexuses. Objective: To report a case of a patient with conus medullaris syndrome caused by spinal cord schistosomiasis whose symptoms had great improvement after undergoing treatment with praziquantel and prednisone. Case report: A 45-year-old woman, from Bahia, Brazil, with no significant medical history, presented with intense pain in her legs from knees below, associated with progressive loss of strength, tingling and dysesthesias in both lower limbs, causing gait impairment followed by urinary retention. At physical examination, grade III paraparesis in proximal limbs and grade IV in distal limbs and unsteady dysbasic gait were observed, no meningeal signs were found. MRI study revealed hyperintense signal in medulla at the level of T12-L1 to conus medullaris in T2 sequences, mainly on central portions and medulla, also slight impregnation with gadolinium showing dotted pattern was observed, suggestive findings of inflammatory myelitis. KatoKatz test was performed evidencing Schistosoma eggs. After diagnosis, patient was treated with prednisone and praziquantel for 5 weeks. At the end the of treatment, she has showed progressive improvement of her symptoms. In our last evaluation, the patient showed a great recovery of movement and strength, now grade IV in proximal limbs and grade V in distal limbs as well as a steadier gait. Urinary retention is still present, and she still needs intermittent catheterization for the time being Conclusion: Neuroschistosomiasis, when symptomatic, is a severe disorder in which can cause significant incapacity and morbidity. It is an underdiagnosed disorder but has been increasingly reported in populations in endemic areas and in tourists. Prognosis depends largely on early diagnosis and treatment.