Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Batteries aux ions lithium'
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Safari, Mohammadhosein. "Vieillissement des batteries à ions lithium : étude expérimentale et modélisation." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0106.
Full textThe focus of this dissertation is on aging and life prediction of lithium-ion batteries under different modes of operation. To this end, two different approaches are demonstrated in this thesis: the application of an empirical methodology derived from concepts used in mechanical fatigue and analysis of experimental aging data assisted by physics-based simulation. In a physics-based model, the behavior of the cell is described using a set of relevant governing equations. The cell performance can readily be simulated under different modes of operation and moreover, the explicit inclusion of aging phenomena in the set of governing equations might be used to simulate the performance fade of the cell. An originality of our work is to evaluate the prediction capability of the empirical approach using such a physics-based model of a graphite/LiCoO2 cell experiencing a single source of aging [i. E. , the growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) at the graphite electrode] as a dummy battery. We show that the empirical Palmgren-Miner rule (PM), well-known in the field of mechanical fatigue, is a valid and accurate damage-accumulation law for our case study. Additionally, we propose and validate another relationship for the loss accumulation over time. We demonstrate that the two developed methodologies can successfully predict the life of the cell under a given complex current profile with slightly better prediction ability for the case of the PM rule. The power of simulation-based analysis in aging study of Li-ion batteries is demonstrated for analyzing experimental aging data of a commercial graphite/LiFePO4 cell. Performance decay of this cell during either open-circuit-potential storage or under cycling conditions at 25 and 45°C during one year is monitored by non-destructive electrochemical techniques and is analyzed with the aid of post-mortem analyses and simulations of the cell performance over the course of aging. Data analysis reveals that the aging manifests itself more in terms of capacity loss rather than in terms of impedance increase, regardless of cycling or storage conditions and of temperature. The capacity fade is larger at 45 than at 25°C, regardless of cycling or storage conditions, and at a same temperature, cycling conditions are always more detrimental to capacity fade than storage conditions. An in-depth understanding of capacity-loss mechanism under both storage and cycling conditions is gained by refining some parameters of a mathematical model of the cell at different extents of aging. To do so, first, a simple while accurate model of the cell (without aging) is developed and validated that is able to properly account for the experimental charge/discharge (from C/10 to 1C) and path-dependence effects of the cell. In this model, the LiFePO4 electrode is treated based on a resistive-reactant concept with multiple particles whereas a single-particle approach is used to model the graphite electrode. The simulation-based analysis of the aging data reveals that the capacity fade during cell storage only results from the loss of cyclable lithium because of side reactions whereas the loss of graphite active material is an additional source of aging for the cells under cycling conditions. A simple kinetic analysis of electrode/electrolyte interactions is provided for the cells under storage conditions. Moreover, the growth of SEI at the graphite electrode under storage conditions is simulated in order to refine the solvent-reduction kinetic parameters and solvent diffusion coefficient in the SEI layer. From the analysis, it is shown that the SEI growth during storage is under mixed kinetic/diffusion control
Mir, Caroline. "Nouveaux sulfures complexes pour application aux batteries au lithium." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLEC037.
Full textSynthesis of new oxysulfides materials for lithium ion batteries. Exploratory work on solid state synthesis, research of new phases, and study of the electrochimical properties of these new materials. Transition metals wich will be tested : Mn, Fe, Ti ... cheap and non toxic. An electronic and ionic transport study about these new materials will be done
Recham, Nadir. "Synthèse, structure et propriétés électrochimiques de nouveaux matériaux pour batteries à ions lithium." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0111.
Full textThe subject of this thesis is the preparation of new electrode materials for Li ion batteries via eco-efficient syntheses processes. It first reports the making of LiFePO4 powders according to a new synthesis process using latent bases; this process is later generalized to the preparation of other electrode materials such as LiMPO4 (M=Mn, Ni, Co), Li2FeSiO4 or Na2MnPO4F. These materials are then prepared via a new specific synthesis strategy centered on the use of ionic liquids. This is an ionothermal synthesis, hardly explored in inorganic chemistry until now. This new synthesis method, due to its dual role of solvent and structuring agent of the ionic liquid, enabled us to not only prepare powders with controlled morphology and texture from already known materials, but also to discover a new class of insertion compounds namely the family of fluorosulfates LiMSO4F. One of them, LiFeSO4F, has a potential of 3. 6V vs. Li, a capacity of 151mAh/g and a good ionic conductivity, and is a direct opponent to LiFePO4 which is today the most praised electrode material. Although less interesting from an electronic point of view, the ionothermal approach has been generalized to the formation of AMSO4F (A=Li, Na, M=Mn, Co and Ni) compounds, never reported until now. The last point of this thesis is the synthesis of new boron complexes able to solubilize fluorides with high reticular energy (LiF, NaF), or to act as a fluoride carrier in order to obtain, via an exchange reaction, the lamellar compound FeOF, which was only known in its rutile form until now
Gillot, Frédéric. "Nouvelle classe de matériaux d'insertion à base d'entités structurales et électroniques tétraédriques : applications aux batteries à ions lithium." Montpellier 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON20083.
Full textWakem, Fankem Walter. "Outils diagnostiques pour l’étude du LiFePO[indice inférieur 4] dans les batteries au lithium." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/10501.
Full textZhang, Wanjie. "Etude des interfaces de batteries lithium-ion : application aux anodes de conversion." Thesis, Pau, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PAUU3024/document.
Full textIn the past decades, the need for portable power has accelerated due to the miniaturization of electronic appliances. It continues to drive research and development of advanced energy systems, especially for lithium ion battery systems. As a consequence, conversion materials for lithium-ion batteries, including Sb and Sn-based compounds, have attracted much intense attention for their high storage capacities. Among conversion materials, TiSnSb has been recently developed as a negative electrode for lithium-ion batteries. This material is able to reversibly take up 6.5 Li per formula unit which corresponds to a specific capacity of 580 mAh/g. In the field of lithium-ion battery research, the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) as a protective passivation film formed at electrode surface owing to the reduction of the electrolyte components, has been considered as a determinant factor on the performances of lithium-ion battery. Thus it has been a focused topic of many researches. However, little information can be found about the formation and composition of the SEI layer formed on TiSnSb conversion electrode at this time. With the aim to investigate the influences of the SEI layer on the performances of composite TiSnSb electrode, we first studied the electrochemical properties of the electrode from various aspects, including the effects of cycling rates, electrolyte additives, as well as room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). Especially, a RTILs-based electrolyte system was developed and optimized by evaluating its physicochemical properties to be able to further improve the performances of TiSnSb electrode. In order to characterize the SEI layer formed at electrode surface, we performed X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This study allowed to target some essential parameters concerning electrochemical performances linked with the nature of the solid electrolyte interphase.*
Dollé, Mickael. "Etude par spectroscopie d'impédance électrochimique, couplée à la microscopie électronique, d'interfaces de batteries au lithium et à ions lithium." Amiens, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AMIE0207.
Full textLacassagne, Elodie. "Études des phénomènes de mouillabilité et des cinétiques d’imprégnation des électrodes positives par l’électrolyte : application aux batteries Lithium-Ion." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10140/document.
Full textThe contact between the electrode and the electrolyte is essential for a Lithium-Ion battery functioning. The impregnation of a positive electrode by the electrolyte has always been considered as total; however the phenomena are not exactly known. Thus, in this work, the influence of the positive electrode composition (active material, conductive agent and binder) on the impregnation has been investigated. After a first study focusing on the conductive, electrochemical and morphological properties of the electrodes, with different types of formulation, a method using Washburn equation has been developed in order to study the impregnation of the electrode’s pores, which were modeled as capillary tubes. With the use of hexadecane, considered as a perfectly wetting liquid, the effective pore size has been determined and then compared to the results given by the thermoporosimetry method. Then, the kinetics of ascension have been identified with the Washburn regimes obtained with the diffusion of the electrolyte in the cathodes. Afterwards, Washburn method has been used in order to characterize the impregnation properties of electrodes elaborated with an innovative process without solvent. Thanks to the use of an additive allowing the creation of porosity in one hand and the reticulation of the binder in the other hand, an impregnation of these new electrode by the electrolyte has been considered as comparable to the one observed for the cathodes made with solvent
Li, Chunmei. "Study of rechargeable aprotic Li-O2 batteries." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0111.
Full textRechargeable aprotic Li-02 batteries have gained significant attention because of their high theoretical specific energy of 3500 Wh kg(-1). However, there are many challenges relevant to the development of a practical réversible aprotic Li-O2 battery. The main challenges can be divided into two parts. Firstly, stability issues from: 1) Li métal négative electrodes reacting with contamination from the air, such as H2O and CO2, and some electrolytes, and Li dendrite formation ; 2) positive O2 electrode reactions with the discharge product Li202, and oxidation reaction on charging > 3. 5 V ; 3) electrolyte stability towards O2 reduction products or intermediates. Secondly, the poor discharge/charge voltaic efficiency and cycle life problems, which originate from: 1) large overpotentials on discharge and charge; 2) decomposition of cell component during ORR and OER. In order to overcome these challenges, fundamental studies are critical. This thesis focuses on these two main challenges. With regards to stability issues, an alternative negative electrode was studied, where LixSi is used in place of metallic Li in Li-02 batteries. The results suggest that a LixSi electrode is not stable towards to O2. In addition, an investigation of a new electrolyte, 1-methylimidazole (Me-Im) was discussed. When studying the discharge and charge products at the end of each cycle while using a Me-Im based electrolyte, the data suggests that the stability of Me-Im is not sufficient for use in a rechargeable aprotic Li-Oj battery. The poor discharge/charge voltaic efficiency and cycle life issues of the Li-02 battery are in part related to the fundamental processes occurring during reduction at the O2 electrode and an understanding of these would facilitate development of an efficient, reversible Li-02 battery. With this in mind, the mechanism of O2 reduction reaction (ORR) in aprotic solvents has been studied, with emphasis on the effect of solvent donor number (DN). This has resulted in the development of a mechanism for Li202 formation in aprotic electrolytes, which will be described within. Understanding the mechanism of O2 reduction has enabled strategies to be proposed that may overcome the limitations at the O2 electrode of Li-Oi batteries. For example, the introduction of complexing-cations as additives during ORR is suggested, where the complexing-cations provide "positive charge pockets" that interact with the O2 reduced species, resulting in improving the solubility of Li202 and O2 reduction kinetics. This approach has been demonstrated and shown to have a significant effect on the ORR in an aprotic electrolyte
Reynaud, Marine. "Élaboration de nouveaux matériaux à base de sulfates pour l'électrode positive des batteries à ions Li et Na." Amiens, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AMIE0121.
Full textThe next générations of Li- and Na-ion batteries will rely on the development of new sustainable, low-cost and safe positive électrode materials. To this end, we explored the world of minerais with an emphasis on spotting structures having the prerequisites for insertion and deinsertion of alkaline ions. From this survey, we embarked on the investigation of bimetallic sulfates derived from the bloedite minerai and having the gênerai formula /4,/W(S04)2 nHzO {A = Li, Na, M = 3d transition métal and n = 0, 4). Thèse Systems présent rich crysta chemistry, undergoing phase transitions upon heating and removal of water. The new structures were determined by combining X-ray, neutron and électron diffraction techniques. We have aiso shown that lithium-based compounds LixM(S04)2 présent interesting antiferromagnetic properties resulting from their peculiar structures, which solely enable super-super-exchange interactions. Finally, and more importantly, we identified among the isolated compounds three iron-based sulfates, namely Na2Fe(S04)2 4H2O, Na2Fe(S04)2 and Li2Fe(S04)2, which présent attractive electrochemical properties against both lithium and sodium. With a potentiel of 3. 83 V vs. L'C/U°, the new marinite phase Li2Fe(S04)2 displays the highest potentiel ever observed for the Fe"'VFe"* redox couple in e fluorine-free iron-based inorgenic compound, only riveled by the triplite form of LiFeS04F
Pierre, André Albert Bernard. "Etude des mécanismes de vieillissement des interfaces de batteries Lithium-ion appliquées aux énergies renouvelables." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3001/document.
Full textDevelopment of renewable energy sources such as photovoltaic or wind energy is limited by the intermittent nature of these energy sources. This intermittent nature results in the mismatch between production and consumption peaks. As a result, the storage of electrical energy plays an essential role to manage this mismatch. To this aim, lithium-ion technology appears as a good candidate among other ways of electrochemical storage of energy. However the targeted applications require much greater life span than those commonly admitted for portable electronics or electric vehicles. Battery performances, e.g. rechargeable capacity, should be preserved over 15 or 20 years. This PhD thesis aims at studying the long-term aging mechanisms of Li-ion batteries made up of lamellar oxides Li(NixMnyCo1 x y)O2 at the positive electrode and graphite at the negative electrode. We focused on the electrode/electrolyte interfaces which are the major place of aging processes. The work has been performed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), two complementary techniques especially adapted to the study of interfaces, the former giving access to the chemical environments of atoms at the surface, the latter giving the answer of a system to a sinusoidal electric current with various frequencies. An important technical constraint was the difference between the targeted life span for the application (20 years) and the duration of the thesis (3 years). In order to simulate long-term aging the batteries were submitted to electrochemical stress in much harder conditions than in normal use. XPS and EIS characterizations were constantly related to evolution of electrochemical performances of batteries. This study allowed us during the duration of the project to bring improvements to batteries in order to obtain a better response to aging mechanisms regarding retention of electrochemical performances: e.g. change of electrodes or electrolyte formulation, change of active materials composition, etc
Kwamou, Kouayep Bertrand Mirador. "Synthèse et caractérisation électrochimique de liquides ioniques à base de phosphonium pour les applications aux batteries au lithium." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5884.
Full textLemoine, Kévin. "Nouveaux matériaux fluorés d'électrodes positives à cations 3d mixtes pour batteries à ions lithium : Elaboration, caractérisation structurale et propriétés électrochimiques." Thesis, Le Mans, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LEMA1030.
Full textThis work presents an innovative synthetic strategy to develop new fluorinated iron-based materials as positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries. This two-step elaboration method consists in the preparation of fluorinated precursors followed by an appropriate thermal treatment. The study initially focuses on tridimensional mixed valence iron fluorides, Fe2F5(H2O)2 with the inverse weberitestructural type and Fe3F8(H2O)2. The calcination under air leads to the formation of two new hydroxyfluorides, FeF2.5(OH)0.5 and FeF2.66(OH)0.34 with pyrochlore and HTB structural types respectively which present excellent electrochemical capacities ≈ 170 mAh.g-1 (2-4 V). In a second part, the 3d-cation effect on oxyfluorides performances is evaluated from equivalent mixed metal cation hydrates, M2+Fe3+F5(H2O)2 (M = Mn, Ni) and M2+M3+2F8(H2O)2 (M2+ = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, M3+ = V, Fe), synthesized solvothermally. Their thermal degradation under air reveals amorphous oxyfluorinated intermediates and among them, CuFe2F6O, obtained from CuFe2F8(H2O)2, with an remarkable capacity of 310 mAh.g-1 (2-4 V). In the last part, mixed ammonium fluorides (NH4)M2+Fe3+F6 (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) are synthesized using mechanochemical and solvothermal routes. Their thermal topotactic oxidation under molecular fluorine F2 leads to the first trivalent mixed-cation fluorides M0.5Fe0.5F3 (M = Mn, Co, Ni, Cu) with pyrochlore typestructure
Belchi, Lorente Daniel. "Proposition d’un modèle produit agile pour l’écoconception : application aux batteries Li-ion." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI050/document.
Full textHigh-tech products are widely used in many industrial sectors as well as in our everyday lives. They improve our quality of life, but with a high price to pay? The manufacture, use and end-of-life of these products cause strong environmental, economic and social impacts. These impacts are mainly due to the materials and to the energy used for the manufacturing, to their use, but also to bad working conditions to obtain raw materials. The end-of-life stage for high-tech products is a huge source of impacts because not considered during the design.Some researches have been conducted to reduce the environmental impact of high-tech products, but they only consider partially the life cycle stages (eg. The manufacturing phases) and exclude other stages, such as the end-de- life. Further studies are trying to integrate all the life cycle constraints but neglect the integration of environmental issues and they only consider the classical design constraints (cost, quality, performance, etc.). Other studies aimed at integrating the al the life cycle constraints and the environmental issues, but they are not adapted to quick features evolutions during the design process of high-tech product (new technologies, new materials, etc.We therefore propose a tool to guide the design of high-tech products, which aims to integrate all life-cycle stages including the end-of-life and environmental issues in addition to classic design issues. This is an agile product model for eco-design (APME), which considers the rapid evolution of the solutions during the development of high-tech products.In this thesis, the model is theoretically applied in a case study related to Li-ion batteries for electric automotive applications. The developed model is able to highlight the main design parameters and the main actors of the product life cycle which induce high environmental impacts to try to reduce them.This thesis considers the use of the product model concept when taking into account environmental impacts during the design process, for their efficient integration
Berthault, Manon. "Etude de la dynamique du lithium dans un système électrochimique Li-ion par traçage isotopique en combinant les spectrométries RMN et ToF-SIMS." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021GRALI034.
Full textCurrents studies show that performance degradation of Li-ion cells can be attributed to a loss of active material. This can result from particle isolation from the percolated network, from the dissolution of the active material, from the structure degradation at the nanoscale or at the mesoscale or from delamination. A loss of active lithium can also explain such performance fading. The formation of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI), which takes place during the first cycle, eventually traps lithium. The irreversible capacity loss associated to the generation of this layer is quite low for graphite electrodes (9%), but it is significant for silicon electrodes (20%). In addition, this interface has a strong impact on the lifespan and safety of the system.My research aims at investigating the lithium dynamics within the SEI during the first cycles of charge and discharge by using Li isotopic tracing. Since 2011, this approach has been used about 10 times in the Li-ion battery field. In all the current literature, isotopes are introduced in specific parts of a cell (anode, cathode or electrolyte) before electrochemical cycling. In this work, Li isotopes are added at different states of charge (100% or 0%) in order to selectively label the SEI. More specifically, the accumulator is charged/discharged, opened, and the cycled negative electrode is removed and inserted into a new cell containing the complementary isotope. By using Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and 7Li and 6Li Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), it is then possible to characterize the distribution of 7Li and 6Li in the electrode.In a first step, the study of a graphite electrode in a half-cell configuration based on the methodology presented above has been achieved. Hypothesis based on the presence of potential effects of isotope fractionation has been investigated by ToF-SIMS and excluded. 6Li/7Li exchanges appearing at the SEI/electrolyte interface have been studied by pure diffusion and diffusion/migration experiments performed after electrochemical cycling. Results show that self-diffusion of Li+ ions in the SEI of a delithiated-graphite electrode occurs rapidly and a complete homogenization of isotopes abundance appears in less than 20 minutes. These exchanges are slower when (de)lithiation cycling is performed.In a second step, the SEI of a silicon electrode has been thoroughly investigated by using solid-state NMR, ToF-SIMS and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The first lithiation (first charge), concomitant to the SEI formation, has also been studied. Isotope exchange experiments by pure diffusion have been performed on lithiated electrodes. They have shown that several phenomena lead to the redistribution of isotopes in the SEI, as in silicon particles. During the first hour of contact, isotope result to the complete homogenization of isotopes. Results also suggest a slower relaxation kinetics of lithium in silicon (50h), leading to an new isotope distribution
Sun, Meiling. "Elaboration of novel sulfate based positive electrode materials for Li-ion batteries." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066686/document.
Full textThe increasing demand of our society for Li-ion batteries calls for the development of positive electrode materials, with specific requirements in terms of energy density, cost, and sustainability. In such a context, we explored four sulfate based compounds: a fluorosulfate – LiCuSO4F, and a family of oxysulfates – Fe2O(SO4)2, Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 and Li2VO(SO4)2. Herein their synthesis, structure, and electrochemical performances are presented for the first time. Being electrochemically inactive, LiCuSO4F displays an ordered triplite structure which is distinct from other fluorosulfates. The electrochemical activity of the oxysulfate compounds was explored towards lithium. Specifically, Fe2O(SO4)2 delivers a sustained reversible capacity of about 125 mA∙h/g at 3.0 V vs. Li+/Li0; Li2VO(SO4)2 and Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 respectively exhibit the highest potential of 4.7 V vs. Li+/Li0 among V- and Cu- based compounds. Last but not least, the Li2Cu2O(SO4)2 phase reveals the possibility of anionic electrochemical activity in a polyanionic positive electrode. Their physical properties, such as ionic conductivities and magnetic properties are also reported. Overall, this makes oxysulfates interesting to study as polyanionic positive electrodes for Li-ion batteries
Ben, Hassine Mohamed. "Contribution de la microscopie électronique à la compréhension des mécanismes de vieillissement des matériaux de batteries lithium-ion associées aux énergies renouvelables." Thesis, Amiens, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AMIE0006.
Full textThe work presented in this thesis is part of the ANR project VISION (fine Study of the Aging mechanisms Battery Li-ION associated with renewable energy). An arsenal of electron microscopy techniques allowing to do observations from the micrometer scale (SEM) to the atomic scale (HRTEM, HR-HAADF) coupled with spectroscopic techniques (X microanalysis and electron energy loss) has been implemented to identify the aging processes occurring in long cycled Li-ion batteries. The so-studied Li-ion batteries are using Li[Ni1-x-yMnxCoy]O2 (NMC) and graphitic carbon as positive and negative electrode materials, respectively. These studies allowed us, not only, to visualize and obtain a better understanding in the degradation modes in SAFT stationary batteries but also to perform innovative microscopy techniques (such HR-HAADF or FIB tomography) in order to reveal the texture and the structure of the active materials. In the same way, a fundamental study on model materials (Li2Ru1-ySnyO3…), having structural and electrochemical properties similar materials used in commercial batteries, has been achieved. Through this study, superstructures were observed, by TEM, during the cycling and the role of oxygen in redox processes, which are behind the high capacity delivered by the lithium-rich composites (such as: Li2MnO3-LiMO2, M = Ni, Co…), has been discussed
SIGALA, CATHERINE. "Materiaux a potentiels extremes pour batteries aux ions lithium. La solution solide spinelle licr#ymn#2#-#yo#4 (0y) et la famille d'oxydes amorphes li#xmvo#4 (m=ni, co, zn, cd)." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT2047.
Full textCastro, Laurent. "Matériaux d’électrode positive à base de phosphates pour accumulateurs Li-ion et phénomènes aux interfaces : apport de la spectroscopie photoélectronique à rayonnement X (XPS)." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3046/document.
Full textThis thesis is focused on the study of LiMPO4 (M = Fe, Mn, Co) materials and on their evolution upon cycling (redox process end electrodes / electrolyte interfaces) in lithium ion cells. It is based on X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analyses coupled with electrochemical tests. During air exposure, a surface oxidation of phosphate LiFePO4 was observed that lead to the formation of surface impurities such as Fe2O3. Concerning electronic structure, the analysis of LiMPO4 (M=Fe, Mn, Co) materials valence spectra allowed for LiFePO4 the visualization of spin down Fe 3d electron which is the first experimental proof of the particular electronic configuration (3d↑)5(3d↓)1 of Fe2+ in this material. This work also allowed a better understanding of the effect of the working temperature as well as the nature of the negative electrode on Li-ion cells ageing mechanisms. For LiFePO4 // Graphite cell, the comparison of spatially distributed solid/electrolyte interfaces showed that ageing mechanisms, characterized by a loss of active lithium, could be associated with a heterogeneity of working of the positive electrode. In addition, the extension of these studies on new promising Li(FeMn)PO4 materials for positive electrode showed that higher working potential of mixed phosphate material compared to LiFePO4 material leads to a higher electrolyte reactivity which consequences were analysed
El, Baradai Oussama. "Elaboration of flexible lithium - ion electrodes by printing process." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENI036/document.
Full textThe work presented in this manuscript describes the manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries on papers substrates by printing technique. Its aim is the development of new up scalable and large area techniques as screen printing for the fabrication of lithium-ion batteries and the replacement of conventional toxic components by bio-sourced one and water based solvent. First results shows how it is possible to formulate cellulose based ink tailored for screen printing technology with suitable properties for lithium-ion batteries requirements. Electrodes were manufactured and tested from a physical and electrochemical point of view and two strategies were proposed to enhance performances. Finally, by considering results obtained for the electrodes, a full cell was manufactured with a new assembling strategy based on: front / reverse printing approach and the embedding of the current collectors during printing stage. As a final point cells were characterized and compared with others obtained by conventional assembling strategies
Sotta, Dane. "Liquides ioniques gélifiés pour les batteries lithium-ion." Amiens, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AMIE0115.
Full textLithium batteries are promising electrical energy storage devices for application in electric vehicles. In these systems the nature of the electrolyte is a key point to control the temperature range of use and the security conditions of the battery. In this context, this work is aimed at developing new gel polymer electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. The first part of this study has been devoted to formulation and characterization of gelled electrolytes based on an epoxy-amine resin, an ionic liquid and a lithium salt. Physico-chemical properties of these ternary systems have been discussed according to their composition. Gels with high ionic liquid contents exhibit satisfactory ionic conductivity for the considered application. Gel polymer membranes have ben processed and coupled to insertion electrodes to study their electrochemical properties in appropriate prototype cells. In a parallel study, we have focused our investigation on transport properties of charged species in these gels. Besides classical measurements based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, several Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy methods have been implemented to study local and long range ion mobility. They have shown that particular interactions are established in the gels between the resin and the lithium ions with reduced mobility for the latter. This work has highlighted the link between molecular interactions and electrical properties in the ternary gels and thus it has enabled a better knowledge of the inner limitations of these systems. Finally, further routes have been proposed to optimize gel polymer electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries
Demeaux, Julien. "Impact des phénomènes aux interfaces électrode/électrolyte sur les performances des batteries Li-ion haute tension : faiblesses et atouts des électrolytes à base de carbonates d'alkyles et de sulfones face aux électrodes LiNi0,4Mn1,6 O4 et Li4Ti5O12." Thesis, Tours, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOUR4032/document.
Full textLiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 (LNMO)/Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) accumulators should theoretically achieve the power and energy densities that provide sufficient autonomy to electric vehicles. However, two major issues related to the use of LNMO limit their performances: the pronounced oxidation of the alkylcarbonate-based electrolytes and the transition metal ion (Mn2+, Ni2+) dissolution. The ethylene carbonate (EC)-based formulations get an ability to form polymer-covering films onto the active material. The galvanostatic cycling tests, after storage or not, confirm the superiority of these electrolytes, leading to reduced capacity losses of the LNMO electrode. Furthermore, sulfones are promising compounds to be applied to LNMO/LTO batteries. The use of symmetric and asymmetric cells demonstrates that sulfones are non-reactive towards the LNMO/electrolyte and LTO/electrolyte interfaces. However, this non-reactivity does not allow the deposition of polymer films, which would have enabled to stop the Mn2+ and Ni2+ dissolution from the positive electrode. This results in degraded performances of batteries at 30°C compared to those using EC in electrolytes
Sandu, Izabela. "Nouveaux matériaux d'électrode négative pour batteries à ions lithium." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT2073.
Full textPonnuchamy, Veerapandian. "Towards A Better Understanding of Lithium Ion Local Environment in Pure, Binary and Ternary Mixtures of Carbonate Solvents : A Numerical Approach." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENY004/document.
Full textDue to the increasing global energy demand, eco-friendly and sustainable green resources including solar, or wind energies must be developed, in order to replace fossil fuels. These sources of energy are unfortunately discontinuous, being correlated with weather conditions and their availability is therefore strongly fluctuating in time. As a consequence, large-scale energy storage devices have become fundamental, to store energy on long time scales with a good environmental compatibility. Electrochemical energy conversion is the key mechanism for alternative power sources technological developments. Among these systems, Lithium-ion (Li+) batteries (LIBs) have demonstrated to be the most robust and efficient, and have become the prevalent technology for high-performance energy storage systems. These are widely used as the main energy source for popular applications, including laptops, cell phones and other electronic devices. The typical LIB consists of two (negative and positive) electrodes, separated by an electrolyte. This plays a very important role, transferring ions between the electrodes, therefore providing the electrical current. This thesis work focuses on the complex materials used as electrolytes in LIBs, which impact Li-ion transport properties, power densities and electrochemical performances. Usually, the electrolyte consists of Li-salts and mixtures of organic solvents, such as cyclic or linear carbonates. It is therefore indispensable to shed light on the most important structural (coordination) properties, and their implications on transport behaviour of Li+ ion in pure and mixed solvent compositions. We have performed a theoretical investigation based on combined density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations and Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations, and have focused on three carbonates, cyclic ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC), and linear dimethyl carbonate (DMC). DFT calculations have provided a detailed picture for the optimized structures of isolated carbonate molecules and Li+ ion, including pure clusters Li+(S)n (S=EC, PC, DMC and n=1-5), mixed binary clusters, Li+(S1)m(S2)n (S1, S2 =EC, PC, DMC, with m+n=4), and ternary clusters Li+(EC)l(DMC)m(PC)n with l+m+n=4. Pure solvent clusters were also studied including the effect of PF6- anion. We have investigated in details the structure of the coordination shell around Li+ for all cases. Our results show that clusters such as Li+(EC)4, Li+(DMC)4 and Li+(PC)3 are the most stable, according to Gibbs free energy values, in agreement with previous experimental and theoretical studies. The calculated Gibbs free energies of reactions in binary mixtures suggest that the addition of EC and PC molecules to the Li+-DMC clusters are more favourable than the addition of DMC to Li+-EC and Li+-PC clusters. In most of the cases, the substitution of solvent to binary mixtures are unfavourable. In the case of ternary mixtures, the DMC molecule cannot replace EC and PC, while PC can easily substitute both EC and DMC molecules. Our study shows that PC tends to substitute EC in the solvation shell. We have complemented our ab-initio studies by MD simulations of a Li-ion when immersed in the pure solvents and in particular solvents mixtures of interest for batteries applications, e.g. , EC:DMC (1:1) and EC:DMC:PC(1:1:3). MD is a very powerful tool and has allowed us to clarify the relevance of the cluster structures discovered by DFT when the ion is surrounded by bulk solvents. Indeed, DFT provides information about the most stable structures of isolated clusters but no information about their stability or multiplicity (entropy) when immersed in an infinite solvent environment. The MD data, together the DFT calculations have allowed us to give a very comprehensive picture of the local structure of solvent mixtures around Lithium ion, which substantially improve over previous work
Chazel, Cedric. "Etude par RMN de matériaux d'électrode pour batteries lithium-ion." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13133.
Full textAllart, David. "Gestion et modélisation électrothermique des batteries lithium-ion." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC261/document.
Full textThis thesis work focuses on the electrothermal modeling of high-power Lithium-ion batteries, applied for electric vehicles and the energy storage connected to the the grid. A particular approach is given on the thermal modeling of the battery and its connectors in order to anticipate the thermal behaviors under dynamic charge and discharge current, which is very useful for the thermal management systems of the batteries. Numerous investigations have been carried out in order to determine the different electrical and thermal parameters of the accumulator, we have also tried to compare several different methods.The first part of the manuscript is dedicated to characterization and electrical modeling.The second part presents the thermal characterization and the thermal model of the battery. We propose a coupled approach of different thermal models, with the aim of predicting the thermal behaviors at the level of the surface and the core of the cell, but also at the level of the connectors and the wire.Finally, the last part presents the electrothermal modeling of a small assembled module of three cells in series. The results of simulations have been validated on constant current regimes, as well as on dynamic current regimes.The work aims to integrate the thermal models in a simulation platform of energy systems and opens up paths towards tools to help in the design of battery packs, assistance with the dimensioning of cooling systems and the development of thermal diagnostic tool for batteries
Dulac, Anne-Marie. "Matériaux d'électrode positive à haut potentiel pour batteries à ions lithium." Nantes, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002NANT2103.
Full textPadigi, Sudhaprasanna Kumar. "Multivalent Rechargeable Batteries." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2464.
Full textWang, Shijun. "Iron phosphates as cathodes for lithium-ion batteries." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
Find full textGopal, Venkatesh. "Synthesis, structural and electrochemical characterizations of new materials for li-ion batteries." Caen, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2082.
Full textThis thesis work is focused on the discovery of new electrode materials used in rechargeable lithium and sodium ion batteries. Our approach to generate and identify new high potential electrode materials is based on direct soft chemistry synthesis (precipitation, hydrothermal), ion exchange and electrochemical oxidation/reduction reactions. In the A-V-O system (A=Li, Na, Ag, Cu), a new class of material has been synthesized by lithium/sodium insertion with the general formula A2VO3. We found that the fully reduced phase Li2VO3 is showing a disordered rock-salt-type structure and delivered a reversible specific capacity of 250 mAh/g at an average potential of 2. 5 V vs. Li+/Li. Another candidate Li5W2O7 has been explored as new electrode material for Li-ion batteries in the A-W-O system. Starting from the ribbon-type structure Li2W2O7, the fully reduced phase Li5W2O7 is showing an ordered rock-salt-type structure and the electrochemical behavior of these new phases is attractive with an initial specific capacity of 162 mAh/g. We studied also the iso-structural phase Ag2W2O7 and it delivers a capacity of 193 mAh/g. Another new electrode material based on vanadium phosphate Na2VO(HPO4)2 has been prepared by ion exchange method starting from the acidic vanadium phosphate VO(H2PO4)2. This compound is an ionic conductor (=10-3S/cm at 200°C) and delivered a specific capacity of 70 mAh/g at higher voltage ~3. 9 V vs. Li/Li+ with an excellent reversibility
Belaid, Sofiane. "Formulation et procédé d'élaboration sans solvant d'électrodes de batteries Lithium-ion." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10038.
Full textThis study aims to find a new way of lithium-ion battery electrodes production using dry process. The production procedure consists on the extrusion of different compounds of the electrode (binder, active material and conductive agent) with a sacrificial polymer. First, a study was established to choose optimal conductive agent and coating material of the collector substrat in order to optimize electrical properties of the electrode. Then the interaction between charges and polymer was studied to justify charges cohesion despite the low amount of the binder and to explain some performances loss mainly in terms of ionic and electrical conductivity. This study revealed the presence of adsorbed / grafted polymer on the surface of charges, known as "bound rubber". Finally, we showed that electrode porosity could be controlled. In addition it was proved that it is possible to perform a dry electrode responding to initial specifications. In fact, electrodes with active material content greater than 80 wt% ( rate of global fillers greater than 80 vol % ), a rate of porosity of 40 vol % , a thickness less than 100 μm, high electrically conductive and finally a specific capacity of 145 mA.h/g were performed
Kuntz, Pierre. "Evolution du comportement sécuritaire de batterie lithium-ion pendant leur vieillissement." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI069.
Full textLithium-ion battery technology is more and more widespread due to its high energy density and good cycleability. Today electric vehicles runs with Lithium-ion technologies. Despite Lithium-ion technology has numerous advantages, it has been proved that lithium-ion battery are the cause of many accidental car fires. Thereby battery safety is a key issue to continue to develop more performant and enduring vehicle, but also to ensure the user’s safety. Depending on the condition of use, different aging mechanisms inside the cell could be activated and induce physical and chemical modifications of the internal components. Therefore, aging of a cell has a strong influence on its safety behavior. Three references of commercial 18650-type lithium-ion cells are investigated using BEV (Battery Electric Vehicle) representative aging at various temperatures (-20°C, 0°C, 25°C, 45°C) according to the international standard IEC 62-660. Ante-mortem and post-mortem analyses (half coin cell at the electrode level, SEM, EDX, GD-OES, XRD, GCMS, DSC, FTIR…) are performed on internal components in order to identify clearly, which aging mechanism occurs in accordance to the cell characteristics and the aging conditions. Then safety test are performed (ARC, short-circuit and overcharge) to evaluate the safety behavior of each cell. By comparing safety behavior of fresh cell vs. aged cells, it will be possible to understand the impact of each aging mechanism on cell safety behavior
Khatib, Rémi. "Les origines de l'hystérésis de potentiel dans les batteries Li-ion." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON20216/document.
Full textIn the 2000s, conversion materials appeared as an interesting alternative to the insertion materials currently used in Li-ion batteries. They react with lithium to form an electrode constituted of metallic nanoparticles embedded into a lithiated matrix. To understand those reactions, cobalt phosphide (CoP) has been studied by theoretical and experimental techniques. The complexity of those nanocomposite systems does not allow to characterize all the species present inside the electrode. However, DFT calculations predicted the formation of intermediate compounds whose the formation potentials are in agreement with the experiment. Moreover, these studies have highlighted the importance of surface reactivity about the voltage hysteresis which harms to the electrode efficiency.The methodology especially developed for conversion reactions, but transferable to others electrochemical reaction, was validated by experimental measures
Chazel, Cédric. "Etude par RMN de matériaux d'électrode pour batteries lithium-ion." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00092375.
Full textEn suivant la transformation de la phase lamellaire LiNiO2 en phase spinelle LiNi2O4 par RMN du lithium, nous avons étudié la nature du signal asymétrique de LiNiO2 et l'influence de l'écart à la stoechiométrie du matériau, puis mis en évidence une mobilité électronique couplée à la mobilité ionique pour les phases désintercalées LixNiO2 en relation avec l'ordre Li/lacune et Ni3+/Ni4+, et enfin mis en évidence des défauts structuraux au sein de la spinelle LiNi2O4 obtenue par traitement thermique de Li0.5NiO2.
La RMN du lithium des phases intercalées issues des spinelles LiTi2O4 et Li4Ti5O12 a montré que Li2Ti2O4 est métallique avec un déplacement de Knight du signal de RMN du lithium identique à LiTi2O4, et que Li7Ti5O12 présente des signaux de nature intermédiaire entre déplacement de Knight et contact de Fermi.
Augeard, Amaury. "Etude des risques d'arc électrique dans les batteries lithium-ion." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22616.
Full textThe operational security of batteries is a key element in the growth of this market and the deployment of hybrid solutions to reduce energy consumption.The increasing electrification of these systems can only exacerbate the occurrence ratio increase of this problem. Although known for a number of years in the field of DC applications, electric arcs are the subject of intensive research for a short time as shown by the recent development of the first arc sensors for aviation. Electric arcs in batteries currently represent a potential risk to the integrity of the equipment and people because of the use of these batteries in industrial high power applications. To characterize this risk and assess its dangerousness, several test benches were designed at the cell and system level to reproduce the electric arc phenomenon. The tests carried out allow extracting the intrinsic characteristics of the arc. In addition to this characterization, an arc model to evaluate the parameters and improve the understanding of this phenomenon is realized. Limiting mitigation solutions or suppression of the arc resulting from this study are proposed. Among the many solutions, the use of optical sensors, the numerical methods for digital signal processing from the arc, the modification of the architecture as well as the increase of the arc ignition voltage pave the way for the design of innovative and safer batteries systems in terms of reliability, security and robustness. The numerous proposed research perspectives will also improve the coverage of this risk
Mohajer, Sara. "Stratégies de charge rapide de batteries lithium-ion prenant en compte un modèle de vieillissement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0027.
Full textA physics-based battery model is developed for an accurate state-detection of batteries in the automotive industry. In order to use the model for the purpose of fast charging control an aging observer is designed and integrated to the battery model. In a subsequent step a robust fast charging control is introduced to design a controller able to deal with large parametric uncertainties of the battery model while achieving the fast charging target. Finally some simplifications in the battery model structure, in the optimization technique and in the definition of fast charging profiles are proposed and evaluated to make the whole model applicable for an onboard battery management system
Wang, Luyuan Paul. "Matériaux à hautes performance à base d'oxydes métalliques pour applications de stockage de l'énergie." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI031/document.
Full textThe heart of battery technology lies primarily in the electrode material, which is fundamental to how much charge can be stored and how long the battery can be cycled. Tin dioxide (SnO₂) has received tremendous attention as an anode material in both Li-ion (LIB) and Na-ion (NIB) batteries, owing to benefits such as high specific capacity and rate capability. However, large volume expansion accompanying charging/discharging process results in poor cycleability that hinders the utilization of SnO₂ in commercial batteries. To this end, engineering solutions to surmount the limitations facing SnO₂ as an anode in LIB/NIB will be presented in this thesis. The initial part of the thesis focuses on producing SnO₂ and rGO (reduced graphene oxide)/SnO₂ through laser pyrolysis and its application as an anode. The following segment studies the effect of nitrogen doping, where it was found to have a positive effect on SnO₂ in LIB, but a detrimental effect in NIB. The final part of the thesis investigates the effect of matrix engineering through the production of a ZnSnO₃ compound. Finally, the obtained results will be compared and to understand the implications that they may possess
Dridi, Zrelli Yosra. "Électrochimie et spectroscopie Raman de matériaux d’électrode positive pour batteries Li-ion." Thesis, Paris Est, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PEST1126/document.
Full textIn this work, we show the relevance of Raman spectroscopy as a useful technique to investigate the local changes induced by the electrochemical reaction of intercalation/deintercalation of lithium in positive electrode materials for rechargeable lithium ion batteries.Raman investigations concern three types of high voltage cathode materials (4-5Volts) which are layered LiCoO2 and cubic LiMn2O4 and LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4.During electrochemical deintercalation of LiCoO2, we show the existence of a two phase region where the initial hexagonal phase coexist with a second hexagonal phase with a 3% expansion of the lattice parameter indicating a weakening of the Co-O bond in the Li1-xCoO2 material.On the other hand, a new assignment of LiMn2O4 Raman spectrum was proposed. During the charge in the 4V region, a three region phase (initial LiMn2O4 phase, intermediary phase and poor lithium phase) was described using Raman spectroscopy. RX measurements can not detect this intermediary phase. Lithiated phase Raman signature shows a specific local order: Fd3m for extreme phases and F43m for partially lithiated phase. A rich Raman band spectrum is attributed to this later phase in coherence with literature calculations. Structural changes reversibility is demonstrated. Identification of this intermediary phase as a major component of a cycled electrode, underline the incomplete reduction and explain the important loss of capacity observed during cycling. Raman study of LiMn2O4 electrochemical insertion in the 3V region, has demonstrated for the first time a progressive formation of tetragonal Li2Mn2O4 phase, which is in coexistence with initial cubic phase and is pure at the end of discharge. Structural transition reversibility was also demonstrated.In the case of LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4, the assignment of the Raman spectrum of LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 is provided for the first time. DRX study in function of the state of charge and discharge, exhibit cubic structure conservation with moderate lattice parameters variations. The Raman spectrum of the spinel oxide exhibits drastic spectral changes during Li extraction. These changes have been directly related to the Mn and Ni oxidation states in the cathode material under operation. It comes out that electrochemical reactions of LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 are reversible and based on three redox couples of Mn3+/Mn4+, Ni2+/Ni3+, and Ni3+/Ni4+. An original and concrete Raman spectroscopy application is the study of self discharge mechanism of completely charged LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4. Raman spectra evolution exhibits a quantitative Ni4+ reduction during the first hours, and then a slower Ni3+ reduction process. Finally, LiNi0.4Mn1.6O4 lithium insertion has been explored for the first time using Raman spectroscopy, and a tetragonal Li2Ni0.4Mn1.6O4 phase has been identified.The originality of this work is the important number of experimental Raman data of 4V electrode materials. New assignment of initial compound has been proposed and original vibrationnal data of compound during charge/discharge has been presented. These Raman data has permitted to propose a quantitative explanation which must be completed with ab initio calculations to simulate vibrationnal modes frequencies/ intensities
Marino, Cyril. "Optimisation de nouvelles électrodes négatives énergétiques pour batteries lithium-ion : caractérisation des interfaces électrode/électrolyte." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20175/document.
Full textThe thesis is devoted to the study of two negative electrode materials for Li-ion batteries: NiSb2 and TiSnSb. These conversion type materials have high capacities greater than graphite electrode used in current devices. However, these compounds suffer from i) a low cyclability caused by volumetric variations which are characteristic of this type of electrode, and ii) a loss of lithium (irreversible process) during the 1st insertion due to the reduction of the liquid electrolyte on the surface of active material.The mechanisms have been studied by X-Ray Diffraction, Mössbauer Spectroscopy (119Sn and 121Sb). The in situ and ex situ X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy analysis have allowed identifying both the formation of highly reactive Ti and Ni nanoparticles and a relaxation effect in the discharged electrode at 0V. The improvement of performances is based on the composite electrodes formulation using carbon fibers as conductive additive and Carboxymethyl cellulose CMC as binder. A cyclability of 250 cycles at C and 4C rate is reached for TiSnSb electrodes. The addition of Fluoro Ethylene Carbonate (FEC) in the electrolyte is another way to increase the life span of electrodes.The electrode/electrolyte interface has been analyzed by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Infrared Spectroscopy. During the discharge, among the species produced from the reduction of electrolyte Li2CO3 is in the majority because new surfaces are created (volumetric expansion). On charge, a fragmentation of the Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) deposited on the surface of the active material grains is observed. Moreover, first XPS investigations have shown that the SEI thickness continuously increases on cycling
Benjelloun, Nadia. "Nouveaux matériaux d'électrodes élaborés sous forme de couches minces pour batteries lithium-ion." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20109.
Full textMaiza, Mariem. "Evaluating the impact of transport with inertia on the electrochemical response of lithium ion battery electrodes." Thesis, Amiens, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AMIE0032.
Full textThe invention of the lithium ion batteries (LIBs) triggered the massive deployment of portable technologies, and is nowadays encouraging the electrification of the transportation. This leads to the need of LIBs with even higher energy densities, shorter recharging times, lower cost and maximal safety. This PhD thesis focuses on computational modeling as a tool to characterize and simulate the LIB operation under dynamical conditions representative of power applications. It proposes a new mathematical model accounting for lithium transport inertia within the Maxwell-Cattaneo-Vernotte framework, and explores its implications for the simulation of the dynamical response of LIBs to current pulses. This model is built through a multiscale approach and demonstrated for graphitic active materials for negative electrodes. First, an analytical model is derived to extract and characterize lithium diffusion and inertia in the active material from PITT experiments. Extracted values are then used in a half cell model to fit experimental current evolution curves, through p-2D and 3D-resolved models which are comparatively investigated. The results show the implication of inter-particle diffusion on the performance of the LIB as well as the wavy lithium transport dynamics in the solid phase emphasizing the inhomogeneous/anisotropic lithium dispersion in the graphitic material at a macroscopic level. Finally, the feasibility of utilizing such a model for complete cell simulations is investigated
Lander, Laura. "Exploration of new sulfate-based cathode materials for lithium ion batteries." Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066330/document.
Full textLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have become the dominating electrical energy storage technology in the last two decades. However, depending on their applications, LIBs need to fulfill several requirements such as high energy density, low-cost, safety and sustainability. This calls for the development of new electrode materials. Focusing on the cathode side, we embarked on the synthesis of novel sulfate- and fluorosulfate-based polyanionic compounds. During the course of our study, we discovered a monoclinic KFeSO4F polymorph, whose structure was determined via combined X-ray and neutron powder diffraction. We could electrochemically extract K+ and reinsert Li+ into this new polymorphic “FeSO4F” matrix at an average potential of 3.7 V vs. Li+/Li0. We then turned towards fluorine-free materials and synthesized a new orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 phase, which presents appealing electrochemical properties in terms of working potential (3.73 and 3.85 V vs. Li+/Li0) and cycling stability. In a next step, we tested langbeinite K2Fe2(SO4)3 for its aptitude to intercalate Li+ once K+ is extracted, with however little success. Nevertheless, exploring other langbeinite K2M2(SO4)3 phases (M=3d transition metal), we discovered a new K2Cu2(SO4)3 compound, which crystallizes in an orthorhombic structure distinct from the langbeinite one. Finally, we investigated these compounds not only for their electrochemistry, but we were also able to demonstrate other interesting physical properties, namely magnetic features. Orthorhombic Li2Fe(SO4)2 and monoclinic KFeSO4F both present a long-range antiferromagnetic spin ordering whose symmetry allows a magnetoelectric effect
Rizk, Rania. "Refroidissement passif de batteries lithium pour le stockage d'énergie." Thesis, Normandie, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NORMC228.
Full textThis thesis deals with the passive cooling of lithium-ion batteries. It consists of two large parts. The first part is an experimental and numerical study of the thermal behaviour of a battery and the second part is the experimental study of a passive system for the cooling of several batteries. An experimental test bench was designed to monitor the thermal evolution of batteries subjected to different currents. The prismatic batteries studied are made of lithium-iron-phosphate and have a capacity of 60 Ah. In a first step, the thermal behaviour of a battery subjected to charge / discharge cycles is experimentally characterized. We show that the temperature is not uniform at the surface of the battery and the hottest area is identified. In a second step, a three-dimensional numerical model was developed to predict the temperature at any point of the battery. This thermal model makes it possible to predict in particular the temperatures inside the battery, not measured experimentally and this, for different currents. The model input data are from experimental trials and literature. This phase of thermal characterization of the battery is essential for the design of a cooling system. Finally, an experimental study of a passive cooling system based on heat pipes and finned plates is carried out. Several configurations are tested progressively with improvements leading finally to a system with ten heat pipes with vertical finned plates at the condenser combined with finned plates placed on the faces of the batteries
Boyanov, Siméon. "Performances et mécanismes électrochimiques des phosphures de fer et nickel comme anode dans les batteries lithium-ion." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20131.
Full textRobert, Florent. "L'étain espèce active des nouveaux matériaux d'électrodes négatives pour batteries lithium-ion : spectrométrie Mössbauer et mécanismes." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20072.
Full textKubanska, Agnieszka. "Toward the development of high energy lithium-ion solid state batteries." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4775.
Full textAll-solid batteries with inorganic solid electrolytes are attractive candidates in electrochemical energy storage since they offer high safety, reliability and energy density. Aiming to increase the surface capacity strong efforts have been made to increase the thickness of the electrode. However, the thicker electrode, the more stress is generated at the solid/solid interfaces because of the volume change of the active material during lithium insertion/desinsertion upon cycling, which leads to formation of micro-cracks between the components and finally a bad cycling life. The possible answer to this issue is to build in place of a dense phase pure electrode, a composite electrode which is a multifunctional material. This composite electrode should contain a lot of electrochemically active material, the reservoir of energy; together with electronic and ionic conductor additives, to ensure efficient and homogeneous transfer of electrons and ions in the electrode volume.The main scope of this thesis was to develop all-solid-state batteries prepared by SPS method for applications at elevated temperatures. These batteries consist of a two composite electrodes separated by the NASICON-type solid electrolyte Li1.5Al0.5Ge1.5(PO4)3. The main objective was to find relationships, for given materials, between the initial powder granulometry (grain size, size distribution, agglomeration), the microstructure of ceramics obtained by SPS sintering, and the electrochemical performances of the final batteries. By creating electrodes with novel materials and better composition, the trade-off of power density and energy density can be minimized
Zindy, Nicolas. "Polymères π-conjugués contenant des fonctions imides pour le stockage de l’énergie dans les batteries Li-ion." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/69504.
Full textBichat, Marie-Pierre. "Nouveaux phosphures de métaux de transition, matériaux d'anode pour batterie lithium-ion." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20189.
Full textSoares, Adrien. "Batteries Lithium-ion innovantes, spécifiques pour le stockage de l'énergie photovoltaïque." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MON20206/document.
Full textThe thesis work, presented in this manuscript, is devoted to the study of new materials for lithium-ion battery for storing solar energy. This type of energy production imposes intermittent loading, non-synchronization between periods of production and consumption, etc. The objective is to evaluate the behavior of different types of electrode material in batteries under photovoltaic (PV) charge profiles and then to select the most suitable for this specific energy storage. The chosen materials, Li4Ti5O12, Li2Ti3O7, NiP3, TiSnSb, follow all very different reaction mechanisms versus lithium. To improve the cycling life of these electrode materials, a work on electrochemical performance optimization was performed by working on the synthesis and the electrode formulation. The electrode formulation, using in particular carboxymethyl cellulose, presented excellent results. Characterization of their physico-chemical properties was carried out by X-ray diffraction, in situ and as function of temperature, SEM, DTA, galvanostatic cycling, etc.). To reproduce representative profiles of the photovoltaic production at the experimental batteries scale, a test bench has been developed and validated with reference batteries (Li4Ti5O12). After this step of validation, different electrode materials were tested under photovoltaic conditions. This study shows that both intermittences with short duration (clouds) and variable rates of current imposed by this type of production don't strong influence on the electrochemical properties of all these materials. However, periods of no production (night, rainy day, etc.), corresponding to a relaxation for the material, can impact significantly. Materials following conversion mechanism (NiP3, TiSnSb) showed surprising good results. Finally, the observations indicated that each type of material (with different electrochemical mechanism) could be adapted to i) a type of photovoltaic production, ie to a geographical area and ii) a type of application
Grosjean, Camille. "Usages de batteries lithium-ion comme fonction de stockage d'électricité à la convergence des besoins énergétiques de l'habitat solaire et du transport électrique." Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0023.
Full textIn the next few years, transportation and residential sectors will be targeted by more severe constraints in terms of energy consumption and pollution emission. As far as transport is concerned, the constant increase of traffic and the heavier weight and power of termal vehicles overpassed the benefits gained through the drop of unit fuel consumption of internal combustion engines, thus worsening further more the energy and carbon footpring of vehicles. As far as households are concerned, energy uses and related emissions have steeply increased with the growth of specific energy needs linked to more comfort and technology, the drop of cooking and heating energy uses being unable to compensate this energy-greedy trend. (. . . /. . . )