Relevant bibliographies by topics / Battle of Lake Champlain

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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Academic literature on the topic 'Battle of Lake Champlain'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 16 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

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Ringer, R. James. "Book Review: The Gondola Philadelphia and the Battle of Lake Champlain." International Journal of Maritime History 14, no. 2 (2002): 459–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/084387140201400274.

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Dudley, Wade G. "The Battle of Lake Champlain: A “Brilliant and Extraordinary Victory”. By John H. Schroeder. (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2015. Pp. vii, 164. $26.95.)." Historian 79, no. 4 (2017): 873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/hisn.12709.

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Ellrott, Brian J., and J. Ellen Marsden. "Lake Trout Reproduction in Lake Champlain." Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 133, no. 2 (2004): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1577/02-165.

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McCormick, M. J., T. O. Manley, A. J. Foley, J. C. Gascard, and G. L. Fahnenstiel. "Lake Champlain Lagrangian experiment." SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 29, no. 3 (2006): 1683–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2005.11902972.

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Ellen Marsden, J., Carrie L. Kozel, and Brian D. Chipman. "Recruitment of lake trout in Lake Champlain." Journal of Great Lakes Research 44, no. 1 (2018): 166–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2017.11.006.

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Payer, Melissa, Jared Desrochers, and Neil F. Laird. "A Lake-Effect Snowband over Lake Champlain." Monthly Weather Review 135, no. 11 (2007): 3895–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007mwr2031.1.

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Effler, Steven W., MaryGail Perkins, and David L. Johnson. "Optical Heterogeneity in Lake Champlain." Journal of Great Lakes Research 17, no. 3 (1991): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(91)71369-5.

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Marsden, J. Ellen, and Michael Hauser. "Exotic species in Lake Champlain." Journal of Great Lakes Research 35, no. 2 (2009): 250–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2009.01.006.

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9

Ellen Marsden, J., Brian D. Chipman, Lawrence J. Nashett, et al. "Sea Lamprey Control in Lake Champlain." Journal of Great Lakes Research 29 (January 2003): 655–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(03)70522-x.

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Zoli, Ted, James Bridges, James Boni, and John Grady. "Lake Champlain Bridge Emergency Replacement Project." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2347, no. 1 (2013): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2347-12.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

1

Belrose, Ashliegh Theresa. "The Champlain Sea/Lake Champlain Transition Recorded In The Northeast Arm Of Lake Champlain, USA-Canada." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/349.

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Sediment accumulated on a lakebed archives information about past climate and changes in the regional environment. Previous studies (Burgess, 2007; Koff, 2011; Palmer, 2012) in the Northeast Arm of Lake Champlain, specifically Missisquoi Bay and Saint Albans Bay, showed a period (~9,400 - 8,600 yBP) of elevated organic matter deposition in both bays, indicating a productive event that pre-dated any possible anthropogenic influence. However, the record was abruptly cut off and any documentation representing the span of time leading up to this event was not found. The elevated organic matter levels were explained as being the result of a warm, dry environment that reduced lake level and promoted productivity within the bay. A new goal was formulated to lengthen the Holocene record for Missisquoi Bay (MSB) and Saint Albans Bay (SAB) in order to compare paleorecords and capture the span of time leading up to this highly productive event, possibly related to the Champlain Sea/Lake Champlain Transition (~10,000 yBP). One sediment core was taken from each bay as close to the original coordinates as the sediment cores obtained in previous studies (Koff, 2011; Palmer, 2012). The sediment cores were processed in the lab and sediment samples were tested for water content (WC), %C, %N, C:N, and diatom content. Each bay's sediment record consisted of a distinct marker representing lowest water level, separating a Champlain Sea unit at the bottom and an overlying Lake Champlain unit. A warming climate coupled with low lake level during this time may be the cause of the increase of productivity (%C) associated with the markers in both bays. Between ~8,600 - 9,400 yBP, a distinct marker represented evidence of a wetland in Saint Albans Bay before the onset of Lake Champlain. Diatom content in the wetland sediments indicated a generally shallow oligotrophic and alkaline body of water that shifted back and forth from brackish to freshwater. The record shows the wetland was eventually drowned as water level continued to rise, slowly transitioning into the Lake Champlain unit. Proxy results showed that internal processes within the lake continued to change in response to climatic and environmental drivers until present day conditions were reached. At ~9,400 yBP in Missisquoi Bay, there is an erosional unconformity between the Champlain Sea and Lake Champlain units, which corresponds to the low water levels also inferred from the SAB record during that time. After this unconformity, %C results show production within MSB fluctuated, similar to SAB, in response to changing climate and water levels until the present-day conditions of Lake Champlain were established. In sum, MSB and SAB each contain evidence of an ancient shoreline marker in different forms. Both markers indicate that lowest water levels occurred ~9,400 yBP and that lake level has risen ~7 - 8.5 meters since that time. The rise in lake level is associated with the transition into Lake Champlain. This Champlain Sea/Lake Champlain Transition lasted from ~9,400 yBP until ~8,600 yBP. Therefore, the oldest Lake sediment in the Northeast Arm of Lake Champlain is only 8,600 yBP.
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Herbst, Seth. "Status of Lake Whitefish (Coregonus Clupeaformis) in Lake Champlain, 2006-2010." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2011. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/107.

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Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), in the family Salmonidae, is a coldwater species that is widely distributed in North America. Throughout their range, whitefish support one of the most economically valuable freshwater fisheries and were also commercially fished in Lake Champlain. My goals were to quantify seasonal diet, determine temporal and spatial changes in larval abundance, evaluate biological parameters (size and age structure, sex composition, growth, condition, energy density, and fecundity), and determine if the introduction of zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) to Lake Champlain in 1993 had similar affects on the whitefish population as seen in many of the Great Lakes. Whitefish were collected year-round using gillnets and bottom trawls. Diet was quantified seasonally. Temporal and spatial changes in larval abundance were determined by ichthyoplankton net catches. A comparison of scales, fin rays, and otoliths indicated that otoliths provided the lowest bias and highest precision. Age estimation using otoliths generated a wider range of ages and greater number of age classes when compared with scales and fin rays and therefore age and growth were determined using otolith age estimates. Growth parameters of the entire main lake population were estimated using the von Bertalanffy growth model (K = 0.20; L∞ = 598 mm), mean condition using Fulton’s K condition factor (K = 1.05) and by determining energy density, and fecundity using the gonadosomatic index (GSI = 13.9). Larval whitefish were abundant throughout much of the main lake, but absent in Missisquoi Bay and rare in Larabee’s Point, the historic commercially fished locations. Diet varied seasonally; whitefish fed primarily on large numbers of fish eggs in the spring and transitioned to foraging on mysids in the summer and gastropods in the fall and winter. Surprisingly, zebra mussels made up less than 1% of the diet and appeared in less than 10% of the stomachs analyzed, despite being abundant in the benthos. Biological parameters (size and age structure, sex composition, growth, condition, energy density, and fecundity) of whitefish in Lake Champlain were typical of an unexploited population, with multiple length and age classes represented. Condition was high and representative of a diet with high energy content. Whitefish in Lake Champlain had similar high energy density to those in Lake Erie, where declines in whitefish condition were not associated with dreissenid invasions, and had greater mean energy density than whitefish in lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario. I concluded that the current whitefish population in the main lake of Lake Champlain is typical of an unexploited population. However, whitefish apparently no longer use Missisquoi Bay and Larabee’s Point for spawning, most likely because of human alteration of habitat conditions. The high condition factor and energy density of whitefish in Lake Champlain, in contrast to the Great Lakes, is probably a result of their ability to attain sufficient energy sources from an intact native forage base.
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Smith, Lydia. "Missisquoi Bay Sediment Phosphorus Cycling: the Role of Organic Phosphorus and Seasonal Redox Fluctuations." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2009. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/217.

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Missisquoi Bay, Lake Champlain is a eutrophic, northern shallow freshwater bay that experiences toxic cyanobacteria blooms during the summer months, largely as result of high nutrient (P and N) loading from the agricultural watershed. The sediments, which contain minerals that readily sorb P, can act as a sink or source of water column nutrients. Phosphorus, both inorganic and some organic forms, sorbs to metal oxides at neutral pH in the sediment, thus P release into overlying and pore water can be significantly affected by the reduction and subsequent solubilization of these oxides. This study addresses novel aspects of nutrient cycling in lake sediments as part of a larger study to better understand the link between phosphorus forms, mobility, and cyanobacteria blooms. These aspects include: 1) diel and seasonal sediment redox fluctuations and 2) the role of organic P (Porg) in overall P mobility within sediments as a function of depth and time. Missisquoi Bay sediment porewater redox chemistry was monitored across diel and seasonal cycles over the course of two summers (May-October, 2007 and 2008) by using in-situ voltammetry. Redox chemistry was monitored at the sediment-water interface (SWI) continuously over diel cycles, and the vertical concentration profiles of several key redox species (O2, Mn2+, Fe2+, and FeS(aq)) were obtained from cores collected at different times. The sediments were then analyzed for Total P (TP), Reactive P (RP), Porg, Mn, Fe, Ca, Al, Total Organic C and N. A bloom did not occur in Missisquoi Bay during the summer of 2007, but did in summer of 2008, providing an opportunity to compare the sediment chemistry between non-bloom and bloom conditions. Increasingly anoxic SWI conditions across summer 2008 were observed but the SWI remained oxic for the duration of summer 2007. Significant changes in diel cycle redox chemistry at the SWI were also detected in both summers. Reactive P in the surface sediments decreased across the 2008 season but not in 2007. A strong correlation found between RP and RFe (operationally defined as Fe(III)OOH) suggests that a significant portion of sediment P (30-40%) is closely associated with Fe(III)OOHs, which are susceptible to reduction in anoxic conditions. Phosphorus mobility from the sediment into the water column can be limited by the amount of Fe(III)OOH at the surface, thus P flux from the sediments would be greatest when reducing conditions promote solubilization of these minerals. Completely anoxic surface sediments were only observed during the presence of a bloom, explaining the loss of RP in the surface sediments in 2008 in the late summer. Organic P species represent 18-26% of the P in sediments and the lack of a definite, consistent trend of Porg fractionation across the season suggests that there is variable mobility and degradation of these complex organic compounds on small timescales. The loss of RP from the sediment in 2008 could have contributed to an estimated water column P increase on the order of thousands of μg/L, which in addition to measured increases in NH4+ gradients and subsequent N flux estimates in the upper sediment, could have sustained the bloom for an extended period of time. The relationship between the bloom and reducing sediment conditions suggest that bloom dynamics enhance nutrient release from the sediments, allowing for proliferation and sustainability of the bloom.
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Gorney, Rebecca Michelle. "Trophic Dynamics and Cyanobacteria Blooms In Shallow Eutrophic Bays Of Lake Champlain." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2014. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/3.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the relative roles of trophic dynamics and nutrient concentrations in the development of cyanobacteria blooms. The motivation for this research was to gain insights into how food webs respond to ecosystem-scale changes, using Lake Champlain as a case study. I sought to link field-based observations with experimentally derived data on mechanisms to better understand the processes that drive cyanobacteria blooms. My research addressed three specific topics: (1) associations among phytoplankton and nutrient concentration trends over time, (2) the impacts of planktivory by invasive fish on the ambient zooplankton community, and (3) the role of herbivore zooplankton grazers in determining the composition of the phytoplankton community. I found little evidence of a strong association between nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton community composition during summer months in shallow bays of Lake Champlain prone to annual cyanobacteria blooms. Fish diet analysis indicated that invasive white perch (Morone americana) and alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) selectively graze on large zooplankton, which has likely led to substantial declines in zooplankton biomass. I used these results to inform the design of a mesocosm study, which tested the effects of zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton and provided support for the theory that large zooplankton grazing pressure changes the size structure, abundance and composition of phytoplankton. High nutrient concentrations support increased levels of ecosystem productivity, but cascading trophic dynamics are additional forces that are likely contributing to the determination of phytoplankton community composition. Collectively, my research suggests that in shallow bays of Lake Champlain, selective grazing by invasive planktivorous fish is shifting the size structure of the zooplankton grazer community and has likely contributed to conditions that favor dominance by cyanobacteria in summer.
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Pinheiro, Victoria M. "Lake Trout Spawning Site Use In Lake Champlain & The Development Of The Binomial Rolling Residence Test." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/476.

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Lake trout populations were extirpated from the lower four Great Lakes by 1960 and from Lake Champlain by 1900. The decline of lake trout populations fueled a wave of restoration-based research that spanned the Great Lakes and filled in many of the gaps in our knowledge of lake trout behavior and ecology. However, remarkably little is known about lake trout spawning behavior, even less about sex-specific differences in spawning site use. Lake trout use specific spawning sites, and may return to the same site year after year. More males are caught on spawning sites than females and are present at spawning sites earlier in the spawning season. The focus of this project is to describe the spawning movements of male and female lake trout within and among spawning seasons and spawning sites. I used acoustic telemetry in Lake Champlain to look at specific questions of spawning site fidelity and whether or not there were differences in male and female movements. I hypothesized that males show site fidelity and remain at a preferred site during the spawning season, whereas females 'sample' multiple spawning reefs to maximize their reproductive success. I established an acoustic telemetry array of ten acoustic receivers placed over eight spawning sites and implanted acoustic transmitters (tags) in 44 male and 48 female lake trout over two years. During two spawning seasons, males spent more time on spawning sites than females. Both male and female lake trout that were active on monitored sites during the spawning season selected a single preferred site. There was no difference in the number of sites visited by males and females. Of the lake trout detected during both spawning seasons, most returned to their capture site in the subsequent spawning season, showing evidence of site fidelity. I also developed a binomial rolling residence test (BRR test) to improve the current method of assessing the duration of a fish's residence at a single receiver. I measured daily detection probabilities (DP) at a given distance from a receiver site. The BRR test evaluates a tag's residence every minute by moving a one-hour time window centered on time t across the duration of the data. The daily DPs are incorporated into a binomial test of the null hypothesis that a fish is not within x meters of the receiver at time t. I performed a 48-hour stationary residence test using two onsite tags and two offsite tags and compared the performance of the BRR test to three residence assessment methods found in the literature. The results showed that the BRR test performs better than all of the time-threshold residency evaluations in our 48-hour stationary residence test. We suggest that this method has the potential to advance the field of telemetry by improving the interpretation of telemetry data.
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Riley, Jacob W. "Predation Pressure on Emergent Lake Trout Fry in Lake Champlain and Techniques for Assessing Lake Trout Reproduction in Deep-Water Habitats." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/195.

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Lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) were extirpated from Lake Champlain around 1900 and from the lower four Great Lakes by 1960. Their ecological, commercial and recreational importance has prompted extensive restoration efforts. Despite widespread evidence of natural reproduction by stocked lake trout, there is minimal evidence of survival of wild progeny beyond age-0. Various abiotic and biotic impediments may be preventing self-sustaining lake trout populations from becoming established. Unsuccessful restoration in shallow areas has recently prompted a shift to restoration efforts to offshore, deep reefs in the Great Lakes. The first objective of this study was to develop, test, and implement methods for evaluating lake trout reproduction in deep water, where previously established techniques were ineffective. The second objective addressed the recruitment bottleneck between the emergent fry and juvenile life stages in Lake Champlain, by assessing the severity of predation on lake trout fry by epi-benthic fish. In order to quantify egg density on deep-water habitats (>18 m), we paired a deep-water egg trap with egg bags to establish a relationship between the two types of gear in Lake Champlain. There was no significant difference between densities in the egg bags and deep-water traps, but there was a positive correlation of their ranks (correlation coefficient = 0.514, p<0.0001). The deep-water traps were then used in Lake Michigan to successfully acquire the first egg density data from two sites on the deep Mid Lake Reef Complex. A drop electroshocker was developed to detect fry presence and tested in Lake Champlain in conjunction with emergent fry traps. Both types of gear exhibited similar patterns of fry relative abundance. To assess fry predation in Lake Champlain, two-hour gillnet sets during the period of fry emergence to identify fry predators and to describe how predation patterns changed diurnally and temporally. Seven species of epi-benthic fry predators were identified, including five species that had not been previously identified as fry predators. Yellow perch and rock bass dominated the predator community at two study sites (83% of total catch, N=1179, 77% of all fry predators, N=57). Predator presence and fry consumption was almost entirely nocturnal. There was a linear aggregational response in predator CPUE (fish/hr) to increasing fry relative abundance (p<0.033) but confirmed predators did not exhibit a functional response. There was evidence of a threshold of fry relative abundance at 1 fry/trap/day for the onset and conclusion of fry predation. Temperature was a driving factor in the timing of fry emergence and predator abundance, allowing us to predict the relative impact of predators based on temperature scenarios. Only 5% of the potential predators consumed fry. We used empirical probabilities of consumption to model loss of fry due to predation. This consumption model revealed that predator abundances would have to be extremely high for predation to significantly reduce the population of fry. However, given the relatively high species richness of predators observed at the shallow water study sites, lake trout fry survival is likely to be higher at deep, offshore reefs. These results support the recent shift in restoration efforts to focus on deep reefs.
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Euclide, Peter Thomas. "Fixed Versus Plastic Partial Migration Of The Aquatic Macroinvertebrate, Mysis Diluviana, In Lake Champlain." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/372.

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Partial migration, whereby populations consist of residents and migrants, is common among migrating organisms. Partial migration of aquatic organisms, however, remains largely under-studied even though many aquatic animals exhibit horizontal and vertical migrations during their lifetime. Macroinvertebrates of the genus Mysis exhibit diel vertical migrations (DVM). Some species have recently been observed to exhibit partial diel migrations where some individuals reside on the bottom throughout the night while others migrate into the water column. To test the hypothesis that individuals are fixed as residents or migrants, we compared demographic information and C and N isotope compositions of M. diluviana caught at night in pelagic and benthic regions of Lake Champlain. Our results suggest there are two distinct ecotypes of M. diluviana separated by migration behavior. The migrating ecotype was smaller than the resident ecotype and enriched in δ15N while the resident ecotype had a higher C:N ratio. Because we did not allow for gut evacuation prior to our analyses, we conducted a follow-up experiment to test the effect of gut content on isotope composition of M. diluviana. The experiments confirmed that differences between benthic- and pelagic-caught M. diluviana were not a result of gut contents at the time of capture. Fixed partial migration behavior in M. diluviana in Lake Champlain indicates that DVM of M. diluviana may be more complex than previously thought. Additionally, partially migrating Mysis spp. may represent a model study organism to test hypotheses about the causes and consequences of partial DVM behavior in aquatic invertebrates.
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Isles, Peter D. F. "A Multiscale Analysis of the Factors Controlling Nutrient Dynamics and Cyanobacteria Blooms in Lake Champlain." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2016. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/561.

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Cyanobacteria blooms have increased in Lake Champlain due to excessive nutrient loading, resulting in negative impacts on the local economy and environmental health. While climate warming is expected to promote increasingly severe cyanobacteria blooms globally, predicting the impacts of complex climate changes on individual lakes is complicated by the many physical, chemical, and biological processes which mediate nutrient dynamics and cyanobacteria growth across time and space. Furthermore, processes influencing bloom development operate on a variety of temporal scales (hourly, daily, seasonal, decadal, episodic), making it difficult to identify important factors controlling bloom development using traditional methods or coarse temporal resolution datasets. To resolve these inherent problems of scale, I use 4 years of high-frequency biological, hydrodynamic, and biogeochemical data from Missisquoi Bay, Lake Champlain; 23 years of lake-wide monitoring data; and integrated process-based climate-watershed-lake models driven by regional climate projections to answer the following research questions: 1) To what extent do external nutrient inputs or internal nutrient processing control nutrient concentrations and cyanobacteria blooms in Lake Champlain; 2) how do internal and external nutrient inputs interact with meteorological drivers to promote or suppress bloom development; and 3) how is climate change likely to impact these drivers and the risk of cyanobacteria blooms in the future? I find that cyanobacteria blooms are driven by specific combinations of meteorological and biogeochemical conditions in different areas of the lake, and that in the absence of strong management actions cyanobacteria blooms are likely to become more severe in the future due to climate change.
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Sparacino, Holden Smith. "Characterizing The Management Practices And Decision-Making Processes Of Winter Maintenance Companies In The Lake Champlain Basin." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2019. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/1040.

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Road salt and other products used for winter maintenance in the Northeastern United States and Canada can impact ecosystems, pose risks to aquatic life, and create human health concerns. In response to these impacts and rising cost of materials, many municipalities have adopted preventative best management practices (BMPs) that reduce the amount of application materials used, save money, and/or provide a similar level of service and safety. Private companies that maintain parking lots and private roadways also contribute to the increasing chloride concentrations seen in the northeastern United States and Canada, but the practices of these companies have largely not been previously assessed. This mixed-methods study focused on private contractors in the Lake Champlain Basin in Vermont and New York who maintain parking lots, driveways, and roadways. A census and interviews were used to characterize practices used by private contractors and to identify key factors that drive their decision-making processes. A literature review was conducted to understand winter maintenance practices including recommended BMPs, potential environmental impacts and ways that contractors may be incentivized to adopt reduced-salt practices. The literature review informed the development of a census of winter maintenance companies in the Lake Champlain Basin. Contractors most often reported maintaining parking lots and roadways, and most commonly applying sand and salt. Physical snow removal techniques and adjustable material application rates were commonly adopted BMPs. Other BMPs including proactive applications, calibrating equipment, and using brine were infrequently adopted. In addition, the study examined the motivations and barriers contractors have to adopt recommended BMPs through qualitative and quantitative methods. Commonly reported motivations included perceived liability or safety concerns, customer request or expectations, and cost. Commonly reported barriers included cost, time, and customer requests or expectations. Across census and interview results, companies that focus on commercial lots and individuals who learn management practices through in-person trainings or online resources were found to use more recommended BMPs than other groups. Results of the study informed the development of outreach recommendations to increase private contractors’ adoption of BMPs and to lessen road salt use. These included: developing online resources, annual conferences, and reoccurring in-person trainings.
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Kraft, Matthew. "From Sea To Lake: The Depositional History Of Saint Albans Bay, Vt, Usa." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/857.

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Sediment accumulated in lakes stores valuable information about past environments and paleoclimatological conditions. Cores previously obtained from Saint Albans Bay, located in the Northeast Arm of Lake Champlain, VT record the transition from the Champlain Sea to Lake Champlain. Belrose (2015) documented the presence of a peat horizon separating the sediments of the Champlain Sea from those of Lake Champlain. Initially, this layer was thought to comprise the transition from the marine environment of the Champlain Sea to a freshwater wetland. However, based on the results from this study, the transition between marine and freshwater conditions is thought to be represented by an erosional unconformity, indicative of a lowstand at the end of the Champlain Sea period. For this study, five additional cores were collected from Saint Albans Bay along a transect following the long axis of the bay moving into progressively deeper water. These cores better constrain the spatial extent, thickness and age variability of the peat layer within the bay and allow us to better understand the environmental conditions that preceded the period of peat deposition. In each of the cores there is evidence of sediment reworking in the uppermost Champlain Sea sediments, indicated by the presence of coarse-grained sediment, which is suggestive of a lowstand at the end of the Champlain Sea period before the inception of Lake Champlain. This coarse-grained layer is immediately overlain by a thick peat horizon. The widespread occurrence of the peat layer points to a large wetland that occupied the entire inner portion of Saint Albans Bay, and lake level ~ 9 m lower than at present during the Early Holocene. Based on radiocarbon dating, this paleo-wetland existed in Saint Albans Bay from ~ 9,600-8,400 yr BP. The development of this wetland complex is time transgressive, reflecting rapidly increasing lake level during the Early Holocene. This hypothesis is supported by the basal peat radiocarbon dates, as well as by the composition of plant macrofossils recovered from the peat horizons. The shift from peat deposition to fine-grained, low organic content lacustrine sedimentation is believed to have occurred at ~8.6-8.4 ka and is likely the result of continued isostatically driven lake level rise coupled with a changing climate. Although it was not its primary focus, this study also seeks to address the variations in sediment composition in the Lake Champlain sections of the cores. Evidence from the Lake Champlain record in Saint Albans Bay indicates that there were notable fluctuations in sedimentation, which were likely linked to both climatic variations and a change in the morphology of the bay. The rebound in productivity from ~8-5 ka is likely the result of warmer conditions during the Hypsithermal period. An increase in terrigenous sedimentation during this same time suggests a change in the morphology of the bay in which the Mill River delta migrated towards the inner bay. Initially, the cooler conditions of the Neoglacial are reflected in Saint Albans Bay by a decrease in organic matter content from ~5-3 ka. During the latter part of the Neoglacial (~3-1 ka), increases in organic matter content and detrital input point to enhanced productivity in response to increased precipitation and runoff from the watershed. The most recently deposited sediments in Saint Albans Bay bear out the legacy of anthropogenic nutrient enrichment of the bay in the form of increased algal productivity.
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Books on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

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Captain Thomas Macdonough: Delaware born hero of the battle of Lake Champlain. Delaware Heritage Press, 1991.

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K, Lundeberg Philip, ed. The gunboat Philadelphia and the defense of Lake Champlain in 1776. Lake Champlain Maritime Museum, 1995.

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Montréal (Québec). Gouverneur (1642-1663 : Maisonneuve). Ordo[nna]nces de Mr. Paul de Chomedey, sieur de Maisonneuve, premier gouverneur de Montréal. s.n., 1993.

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The Eagle, an American brig on Lake Champlain during the War of 1812. New England Press, 1987.

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Benedict Arnold's navy: The ragtag fleet that lost the Battle of Lake Champlain but won the American Revolution. International Marine/McGraw-Hill, 2006.

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Liloia, Tara. Lake Champlain islands. Arcadia Pub., 2009.

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Essex on Lake Champlain. Arcadia Pub., 2009.

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Harrell, Loy S. Decoys of Lake Champlain. Schiffer Pub., 1986.

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Hislop, David C. Essex on Lake Champlain. Arcadia Pub., 2009.

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McKibben, Alan. Cruising guide to Lake Champlain. 3rd ed. Lake Champlain Pub. Co., 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

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Smeltzer, Eric. "Phosphorus management in Lake Champlain." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0435.

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Crisman, Kevin J., and Arthur B. Cohn. "The Nautical Archaeology of Lake Champlain." In International Handbook of Underwater Archaeology. Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0535-8_5.

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Hunkins, Kenneth, Daniel Mendelsohn, and Tatsu Isaji. "Numerical hydrodynamic models of Lake Champlain." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0117.

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Manley, T. O. "Hydrodynamics of The South Main Lake and South Lake, Lake Champlain." In Lake Champlain: Partnerships and Research in the New Millennium. Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4080-6_19.

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Mihuc, Timothy B., and Friedrich Recknagel. "Lessons from Bioinvasion of Lake Champlain, U.S.A." In Ecological Informatics. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59928-1_18.

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Shanley, James B., and Jon C. Denner. "The hydrology of the Lake Champlain basin." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0041.

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Manley, Patricia L., Thomas O. Manley, James H. Saylor, and Kenneth L. Hunkins. "Sediment deposition and resuspension in Lake Champlain." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0157.

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McIntosh, Alan, Mary Watzin, and John King. "Toxic substances in Lake Champlain: An overview." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0239.

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Hudspeth, Thomas R., and Patricia Straughan. "Lake Champlain basin education and outreach programs." In Water Science and Application. American Geophysical Union, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ws001p0381.

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Boyer, Gregory L., Mary C. Watzin, Angela D. Shambaugh, Michael F. Satchwell, Barry H. Rosen, and Timothy Mihuc. "The Occurrence of Cyanobacterial Toxins in Lake Champlain." In Lake Champlain: Partnerships and Research in the New Millennium. Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-4080-6_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

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Manley, Patricia, T. O. Manley, Supriti Jaya Ghosh, Piper Rosales-Underbrink, and Perri Silverhart. "SEISMIC TRIGGER LACUSTRINE LANDSLIDES IN LAKE CHAMPLAIN." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310497.

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Silverhart, Perri H., Patricia Manley, and Thomas O. Manley. "UTILIZING LANDSLIDES IN LAKE CHAMPLAIN AS PALEOSEISMIC AND PALEOHAZARD INDICATORS." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-280471.

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Henry, Gary L., and Mark A. Preston. "CHLORIDE STORAGE AND TRANSPORT IN A SMALL TRIBUTARY WATERSHED TO LAKE CHAMPLAIN." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272383.

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Gelfer, Valery, Edward Landenberger, and Alex Matlin. "Historical Breakwaters on Lake Champlain, New York/Vermont History, Inspection and Preservation." In Coastal Structures 2003. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40733(147)102.

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Henry, Gary L., and Evan C. Bresette. "SEASONAL TRENDS IN SPECIFIC CONDUCTANCE IN A SMALL TRIBUTARY WATERSHED OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN." In 53rd Annual GSA Northeastern Section Meeting - 2018. Geological Society of America, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2018ne-310398.

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Kraft, Matthew, Andrea Lini, Taylor Norton, and Jake Zanoni. "THE EARLY EVOLUTION OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN AS RECORDED IN ST. ALBANS BAY, VT." In Joint 52nd Northeastern Annual Section and 51st North-Central Annual GSA Section Meeting - 2017. Geological Society of America, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2017ne-290124.

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Underwood, Kristen L., Caroline Alves, Donald S. Ross, Mandar M. Dewoolkar, and Donna M. Rizzo. "INFLUENCE OF GEOMORPHIC SETTING ON DISTRIBUTION OF NUTRIENT STOCKS IN LAKE CHAMPLAIN BASIN FLOODPLAINS." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272354.

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Kraft, Matthew P., Andrea Lini, and Ellen C. Taylor. "PALEOLIMNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF AN EARLY HOLOCENE WETLAND IN A SHALLOW BAY OF LAKE CHAMPLAIN, VT." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-271730.

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Silverhart, Perri H., Patricia Manley, and Thomas O. Manley. "UTILIZING LANDSLIDES ON LAKE CHAMPLAIN AS PALEOSEISMIC AND PALEOHAZARD INDICATORS: PREDICTIVE HAZARD REGIONS FOR FUTURE SLOPE FAILURE." In 51st Annual Northeastern GSA Section Meeting. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016ne-272800.

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Lary, D. D., J. E. Lens, and K. E. Adnams. "Design of a New Parallel Lake Water Intake for the Champlain Water District in South Burlington, Vermont." In International Pipelines Conference 2008. American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40994(321)88.

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Reports on the topic "Battle of Lake Champlain"

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Anderson, T. W., R. J. Mott, and L. D. Delorme. Evidence for a pre-champlain sea Glacial Lake phase in Ottawa Valley, Ontario, and its implications. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/120048.

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Wickman, B. E. The battle against bark beetles in Crater Lake National Park: 1925-34. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/pnw-gtr-259.

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Anderson, T. W. Terrestrial Environments and Age of the Champlain Sea Based On Pollen Stratigraphy of the Ottawa Valley - Lake Ontario Region. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/122380.

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Liu, D. D. S., and M. Ikura. Coprocessing pdu runs at high severity: 333 wt % maf battle river coal in cold lake vacuum tower bottoms. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/304579.

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