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1
Openshaw, Jeanne. "Bauls of West Bengal : with special reference to Raj Khyapa and his followers." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282521.
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Crozat, Dominique Houssel Jean-Pierre. "Géographie du bal en France diversité régionale : production culturelle de l'espace local : acteurs /." Lyon : Université Lyon 2, 1998. http://www.essai.fr.
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Price, Daniel Stephen. "Advanced modelling of soccer balls." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27670.
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Soccer is the most popular ball sport in the world. With an estimated 247 million active players world-wide, the game generates an annual turnover of approximately 200 billion dollars, which is far in excess of corporate leaders such as General Motors. The soccer ball represents the fundamental equipment requirement with ball sales estimated at 40 million units per year. The market is extremely competitive and manufacturers strive for superior product performance to enable commercial advantage. The Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), soccer's world governing body use quasi-static testing to scrutinise ball designs however there is a need for greater understanding of the dynamic performance characteristics of soccer balls. This thesis is directed toward the development of a modelling methodology using finite element (FE) technology supported by a set of dynamic test standards. The modelling activity has been predominantly concerned with two different ball types, the traditional manually stitched ball (MSB) which contains 32 textile reinforced composite panels pressurised by an internal rubber bladder and two new generation ball types (NGB) which incorporate an underlying 12-panel stitched fabric carcass, onto which outer panels are adhered. FE models have been created with homogeneous and isotropic material properties to simulate ball impact behaviour. Experimental measurements of coefficient of restitution, deformation, and contact time, representative of play conditions, were used to validate the models. Each ball model was developed to capture material heterogeneity, which included the valve, stitching seam for the MSB, the influential carcass structure and softer outer panel arrangement within the NGBs. Material anisotropy has been modelled in order to replicate the deformation behaviour of soccer ball s at high speeds. Anisotropy was shown to affect impact characteristics including significant variations in ball oscillations, spin, and ball motion. The validated carcass FE model was subsequently used as a predictive design tool within an optimisation process to reduce the effects of material anisotropy. This has resulted in the development of a ball with more uniform impact characteristics and a set of design guidelines for future sports ball development. Dynamic material test data has been used to define material damping for the description of kinetic energy loss throughout impact. The model combines static and dynamic force hysteresis measurements to accurately represent energy loss characteristics throughout impact. The visco-anisotropic-hyperelastic ball modelling strategy described in this thesis accurately represents the complex deformational behaviour and energy loss characteristics for soccer balls undergoing dynamic impacts. The modelling strategy has also been successfully used in a design optimisation process for the development of soccer balls with more uniform impact characteristics.
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Tsumagari, Mitsuo. "The physics of Q-balls." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10950/.
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In this thesis we investigate the stationary properties and formation process of a class of nontopological solitons, namely Q-balls. We explore both the quantum-mechanical and classical stability of Q-balls that appear in polynomial, gravity-mediated and gauge-mediated potentials. By presenting our detailed analytic and numerical results, we show that absolutely stable non-thermal Q-balls may exist in any kinds of the above potentials. The latter two types of potentials are motivated by Affleck-Dine baryogenesis, which is one of the best candidate theories to solve the present baryon asymmetry. By including quantum corrections in the scalar potentials, a naturally formed condensate in a post-inflationary era can be classically unstable and fragment into Q-balls that can be long-lived or decay into the usual baryons/leptons as well as the lightest supersymmeric particles. This scenario naturally provides the baryon asymmetry and the similarity of the energy density between baryons and dark matter in the Universe. Introducing detailed lattice simulations, we argue that the formation, thermalisation and stability of these Q-balls depend on the properties of models involved with supersymmetry breaking.
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Holmes, Chris E. "Advanced modelling of ovoid balls." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10869.
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Sports played with an ovoid ball may be considered as minority sports in comparison to the numerous games played with spherical balls, however the ovoid ball market is considerable, with $84million spent on the purchasing of American footballs in the US alone (SGMA 2007b). In comparison to spherical balls, it is apparent that little research has been performed on ovoid types, which presented an opportunity for a detailed study into their dynamic properties in game related situations. With the development of this knowledge new ball design concepts have been investigated to improve consistency and performance, allowing manufacturers to create balls with improved physical characteristics. Experimental procedures have been created which allow the dynamic behaviour of an ovoid ball to be characterised. It was found that the measured parameters varied depending upon the position of impact, orientation angle of the ball and the position of the valve at impact. The inclusion of the valve within a rugby ball creates a non uniform mass distribution resulting in unstable rotation about the axis with the intermediate moment of inertia. This unstable rotation results in the ball performing a series of half twists, thus increasing the drag force during the flight and wobble. Prototype rugby balls have been manufactured with various mass distributions, allowing the effect on the unstable rotation to be analysed. Results showed that the inclusion of multiple valves, within the dynamically balanced bladder, resulted in stable rotation about all ptinciple axes. FE models have been created with isotropic and anisotropic material properties, with all models validated using experimental procedures. Results suggest that the anisotropic FE simulation accurately predicts the coefficient of restitution, contact time and deformation during experimental testing, and as a result it can be used to predict the dynamic behaviour of a rugby ball during various impact scenarios. Using a thermo-bonded construction, it was shown that a novel rugby ball could be developed with a unique carcass configuration and outer panels with increased design flexibility. A number of carcass designs, based upon mathematical shapes, have been created which increase the consistency of the dynamic behaviour of the ball when impacted at different locations.
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Cotton, Ross Thomas. "Surface interactions of soccer balls." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536210.
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Stechly, Seivertson Tracie L. "Response time to batted balls." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1195.
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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 52 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-39).
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Neilson, Paul. "The dynamic testing of soccer balls." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402936.
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Chadwick, Stephen George. "The aerodynamic properties of tennis balls." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/12839/.
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Several experimental procedures were developed to enhance the understanding of the aerodynamic properties of tennis balls. Four test methods were tried as quantitative assessments of the aerodynamic forces that act on tennis balls, whilst an additional two methods were introduced for qualitative purposes. A computational trajectory model was developed to predict the effect of any modifications to tennis balls proposed in the study. The test methods adopted utilised two different wind tunnels, projection devices, dropper devices, aerodynamic load cells and motion analysis techniques using high-speed digital cameras. Several different tennis balls were tested: some had the nap modified to investigate changes in aerodynamic forces that may occur during play, others were oversized to investigate the options available for slowing the game down. CD and CL profiles were obtained for a normal sized ball with unmodified nap and then used to develop a set of equations that enable the CD and CL of a tennis ball to be calculated at any speed and spin rate. When used in a trajectory model, a 6.5% larger ball was shown to decelerate 5% faster than a normal sized ball when projected with the same initial elevation angle, speed and spin rate. This results in the larger ball landing 1.5 metres shorter and taking more than 19ms longer to arrive at the receiver. Initial testing showed that the CD of all tennis balls with unmodified naps was similar and remained constant at around 0.53 up to a wind speed of around 63ms'. The nap of the tennis ball was modified to represent early wear characteristics (fluffed) and extensive wear characteristics (shaved). It was found that the CD of a ball with a fluffed nap is higher than that of a ball with an unmodified nap, which in turn is greater than the CD of a ball with a shaved nap. The CD of a ball almost twice the size of a normal tennis ball was found to be independent of Reynolds number up to 5x105, which is clear evidence that the boundary layer around a tennis ball turns turbulent at a low Reynolds number. The ball with the shaved nap was shown to be similar to a classic rough ball however, with boundary layer transition occurring at a low Reynolds number. The flow around a tennis ball was assessedu sing pressurep rofiles and smokep articles, and the separation of flow for all balls was shown to be near the poles. Pressure profile testing provided clear separation details, and showed how the pressure around the ball differs for subcritical and postcritical Reynolds number regimes. Flow through and over the fibres causes the elevated CD over and above that associated with separation at the apex of a sphere.
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Sander, Jacob Victor. "Vertical height estimates of pitched balls." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1576607357582938.
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Cordingley, Leon Paul. "Advanced modelling of surface impacts from hollow sports balls." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247898.
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Ashcroft, A. D. C. "Finite deflections during impact of hollow balls." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.596180.
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The current work begins with an examination of the sources of stiffness in hollow shells. The findings are used to accurately predict the impact behaviour of hollow spherical shells. Velocity distribution in balls and losses in kinetic energy caused by finite deflections during impact are also investigated. A thorough development of the concept of momentum flux is presented as it applies to the normal impact of hollow spherical shells, while the sources of loss during impact are identified and their magnitudes quantified by means of measurement and analysis. An accurate method for predicting losses during normal impact of hollow balls based on simple compression experiments is presented. Results are shown to be remarkably accurate for the case of both pressurized and pressureless tennis balls. Finally, investigations into the effects of finite deflections and the coefficient of friction during oblique impacts of hollow shells are described. It is shown that the relation between friction predictions for cases with cross sliding provide an accurate description of changes in the moment of inertia of a hollow ball. For the first time, the concept of tangential compliance is applied to the case of oblique impact in hollow shells. The related impact model accurately predicts the phenomenon of overspin, in which the final rotational velocity of the ball is greater than the final tangential velocity of the centre of mass. New understandings of the concept of momentum flux, have led to the development of an oblique impact model with rotation that incorporates momentum flux forces acting around the perimeter of contact into the equations of motion and dynamic stiffness. Results for impact of a well inflated thin-walled shell (basketball) show that effects of finite deflections can not be neglected.
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Sutherland, William. "Watchful Waiting / Money Bags and Cannon Balls." W&M ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1550153813.
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Watchful Waiting: U.S. Neutrality Law in the Atlantic World: 1815-1819. This paper addressed the ways in which American statesmen responded to the diplomatic crisis of American citizens serving as privateers for the rebelling countries of South America during the South American Wars for Independence. Most specifically, this paper analyzes the strategy of President James Monroe, who crafted a elastic and flexible policy of "watchful waiting," which allowed the state to capitalize on events and situations in U.S. favor without bringing the nation into war with Spain. From a position of international weakness, U.S. statesmen were able to take advantage of the crisis caused by American privateers and, in the process, strengthen the state economically and territorially. Money Bags and Cannon Balls: The First Bribery War and the Expansion of American Presidential Power This paper analyzes the expansion of presidential power witnessed during the Thomas Jefferson administration during the First Barbary War of 1801-1805. During the Early Republic, American shipping faced piratical actions from the various Regencies of the Barbary Coast, Morocco, Algiers, Tunis and Tripoli. Jefferson sought to break from the noncombative precedent of his Federalist predecessors by directly engaging the Barbary corsairs. in taking the fight to the Mediterranean, Jefferson transformed the role of the executive. The demands of war forced Jefferson to empower the presidential role of commander in chief in unprecedented and long-lasting ways.
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Andersson, Johan. "Siegel balls and Reinhardt domains in ℂ2." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad matematik och statistik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-396841.
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Vitrac, Eric. "Bals populaires ruraux et dynamiques socio-spatiales : recherches sur les pratiques territoriales de danseurs gersois, haut-viennois et tarnais." Toulouse 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOU20008.
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En milieu rural, le bal populaire reste un haut lieu de la sociabilité. Face à la concurrence des nouveaux répertoires et des discomobiles, il a su s'adapter dans une période historique qui annoncera et entérinera le remaniement des rapports sociaux à la campagne. Or, dans un mouvement qui verra également l'élargissement des espaces de vie, l'essaimage de l'aire de sociabilité, la multi-territorialisation des références sociales et spatiales, les danseurs continuent à mobiliser historiquement les mêmes aires de pratique. C'est que l'intimité des relations qui s'y nouent et s'y reproduisent ne saurait s'épanouir dans des cadres anonymes : le choix des lieux de bal ne relève pas de l'arbitraire. A partir de ce paradoxe, cette recherche analyse les aires de pratique dans leur fonction médiatrice dans leur fonction médiatrice des rapports territoriaux. De cette dernière procède une méso-territorialité médiant des rapports à l'Altérité qui ne s'inscrivent pas dans les oppositions classiques (dedans/dehors ; ici/ailleurs ; intérieur/extérieur), mais dans la complémentarité d'une dialectique de l'intime et de l'extime. Quand l'intimité caractérise l'échelle des proximités sociales et spatiales et définit ainsi une métro-territorialité, celle de l'extimité résulte de l'extension historique des espaces de vie. Or, selon les terrains d'investigation, la méso-territorialité ne régule pas les mêmes entités. Lorsque les méso-territorialités des danseurs du Gers occidental et de la Haute-Vienne s'affirment dans leur capacité à renforcer l'armature métro-territoriale, celles des gersois orientaux et des tarnais valident davantage les termes d'une mise en cohérence et d'une homogénéisation de l'étendue de leurs rérérences socio-spatiales. En dernier ressort, cette méso-territorialité met ne lumière des éléments explicatifs d'un mouvement plus large de restructuration des territoires rurauxIn our countries, the dances still are a social must. In competition with different musical styles and discomobiles, they are evoluating like never before, announcing and ratifying the transformation of the relations to the country. Therefore this social and territorial movement is opening up to other social spaces and territorial referencies and to their geographical dispersal, the dancers still continue to mobilize the same dancing-areas. It is because their private relationships couldn't exist, be reproduced and blossom out anywhere : the choice of a location for a danse gathering couldn't arbitrary. According to this paradox, this research analysis the dancing areas into their mediating territorial fonction. As an original relationship to space and alterity, this transitional territoriality isn't found on the classical opposition (inside/outside, here/there, interior/exterior) but raises again a complementary between the private and the ± secrecy α. When the privacy caracterise the social and spatial proximitu scales, defining a matrix territoriality, the ± secrecy α results of the historical extension of the life's spaces. Regarding to our study territories, the transitional territoriality doesn't generate the same entities. In the Western part of Gers and in Haute-Vienne, the dancers assert a capacity to reinforce a certain matrix territoriality. In the Eastern part of Gers and in the Tarn, the social and spatial dancers' references seems to be more homogeneous and coordinated. As a last resort, the transitional territoriality brings to light some explaination's elements about a largeous movement of recomposition of the rural territories
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Fink, Monika. "Der Ball : eine Kulturgeschichte des Gesellschaftstanzes im 18. und 19. Jahrhundert /." Innsbruck ; Wien : Lucca : Studien-Verlag ; Libreria musicale italiana, 1996. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36968441m.
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Mankosa, Michael James. "Investigation of operating conditions in stirred ball milling of coal." Thesis, This resource online, 1986. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03122009-040831/.
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Kensrud, Jeffrey Ryan. "Determining aerodynamic properties of sports balls in situ." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Summer2010/j_kensrud_052110.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in mechanical engineering)--Washington State University, August 2010.Title from PDF title page (viewed on July 30, 2010). "Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering." Includes bibliographical references (p. 105-108).
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Duris, Joseph Gerald. "Experimental and numerical characterization of softballs." Online access for everyone, 2004. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2004/J%5FDuris%5F121504.pdf.
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Zirkel, Martin. "Bewertung des UB-Baums unter Berücksichtigung der Sortierung." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972068449.
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Baumgartner, Henning [Verfasser]. "Structure and dynamics of Yukawa balls / Henning Baumgartner." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019869518/34.
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MacKenzie, Peter A. "Parallel simulation of billiard balls using shared variables." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=24024.
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This thesis presents a conservative algorithm for the parallel simulation of billiard balls. Simulating billiard balls has become an important benchmark for parallel event driven simulation schemes. The approach distinguishes itself in that it makes use of shared variables to enable processors to ascertain the state of the computation at neighboring processors. The table is partitioned into segments which are simulated by different processors. The shared variable corresponds to a region at the boundary between table segments (referred to as the critical region). By making use of shared variables, a significant speed-up over the execution time of a purely conservative approach is obtained.The algorithm was implemented on a BBN Butterfly, as was a purely conservative algorithm. In the purely conservative algorithm, a processor wishing to process a ball in the critical region waits until the neighbouring processor's simulation time is greater than the time of the event it wishes to process. In our experiments, we examined three population levels of balls--2400, 4800 and 7200. These populations were chosen to reflect low, medium and high populations of balls. The shared-variable approach resulted in a 30 to 50 percent decrease in execution time with respect to purely conservative approach.
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Liu, Xue (Mathematician). "The topology of Baues complexes and flip graphs." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/112904.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mathematics, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 53-54).
This thesis contains several results on the connectedness of Baues complexes and flip graphs, which are topological spaces modeling certain sets coming from geometric combinatorics. These sets include the triangulations of a polytope, the tilings of a zonotope, and the extensions of an oriented matroid. Some long-standing conjectures are resolved, including the connectedness of triangulations of a product of two simplices and the sphericity of extension spaces of realizable oriented matroids. This thesis covers the main construction which is common to these proofs, but defers the details specific to each problem to other papers.
by Gaku Liu.
Ph. D.
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Pal, Dayane Cristina. "Descrição e análise de construções seriais em baulê." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-28012011-120319/.
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Esta tese tem por objetivo (i) fazer uma análise descritiva de construções seriais em baulê, classificando-as segundo a tipologia elaborada por Aikhenvald & Dixon (2006), que subdivide construções seriais em dois grandes grupos semânticos - construções simétricas e construções assimétricas - de acordo com suas propriedades sintáticas e semânticas, e (ii) analisar a sua organização conceitual, a partir da perspectiva de duas teorias de orientação cognitivista, a saber, a Gramática Cognitiva (Langacker, 1997, 2008, 2010 e a Gramática de Construções (Goldberg, 1995). A análise buscou, ainda, comparar as construções seriais em baulê com construções coordenadas sem conectivo por serem semelhantes na estrutura, enfatizando que, na serialização, ocorre a descrição de um único evento, e, na coordenação, é possível representar dois ou mais eventos, o que as diferencia de forma fundamental. O corpora constitui-se da gravação de narrativas contadas por falantes de baulê e de frases elaboradas em português e francês e traduzidas para o baulê.This thesis has the objective (i) to present a descriptive analysis of serial constructions in Baule, classifying them according to the typology elaborated by Aikhenvald & Dixon (2006), which subdivides serial constructions in two major semantic groups symmetrical and asymmetrical constructions pursuant to their syntactic and semantic properties, and (ii) to analyze its conceptual organization based on the perspective of two theories of cognitivist orientation, namely, Cognitive Grammar (Langacker, 1997, 2008, 2010) and the Grammar of Constructions (Goldberg, 1995). Furthermore, the analyzes sought to compare the serial constructions in Baule to coordinate constructions without connective for being similar in structure, emphasizing that, in serialization, occurs the description of a single event, and, in coordination, it is possible to represent two or more events, what fundamentally differentiates them. The corpora is constituted by the recording of narratives related by native speakers of Baule and by sentences elaborated in Portuguese and French translated to Baule.
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Neretin, Yurii A., and neretin@main mccme rssi ru. "Matrix Balls, Radial Analysis of Berezin Kernels, and Hypergeometric." ESI preprints, 2000. ftp://ftp.esi.ac.at/pub/Preprints/esi974.ps.
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Behan, Connor Classen. "Simplifying plasma balls and black holes with nonlinear diffusion." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/48486.
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The AdS / CFT dictionary, while still incomplete, hints at deep connections between thermal field theories and the dynamics of black holes. Without specifying a Lagrangian, we develop a non-standard approximation for field theories dominated by thermal noise in order to show that many black hole features are universal. Our model is a nonlinear partial differential equation which may be derived, as it was last year, by examining random equilibration of energy on a collection of sites. An extension pairing energy with other conserved quantities is also proposed. For typical holographic gauge theories, the linear versions of our models show that Hagedorn densities of states are associated with long lived lumps of deconfined plasma. With the help of numerical and mathematical results, we show that the nonlinear diffusion properties are more subtle and discuss the implications for using these models to study unsolved problems in holography.Science, Faculty of
Physics and Astronomy, Department of
Graduate
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Jansson, Anton. "Predicting trajectories of golf balls using recurrent neural networks." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för datavetenskap och kommunikation (CSC), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210552.
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This thesis is concerned with the problem of predicting the remaining part of the trajectory of a golf ball as it travels through the air where only the three-dimensional position of the ball is captured. The approach taken to solve this problem relied on recurrent neural networks in the form of the long short-term memory networks (LSTM). The motivation behind this choice was that this type of networks had led to state-of-the-art performance for similar problems such as predicting the trajectory of pedestrians. The results show that using LSTMs led to an average reduction of 36.6 % of the error in the predicted impact position of the ball, compared to previous methods based on numerical simulations of a physical model, when the model was evaluated on the same driving range that it was trained on. Evaluating the model on a different driving range than it was trained on leads to improvements in general, but not for all driving ranges, in particular when the ball was captured at a different frequency compared to the data that the model was trained on. This problem was solved to some extent by retraining the model with small amounts of data on the new driving range.Detta examensarbete har studerat problemet att förutspå den fullständiga bollbanan för en golfboll när den flyger i luften där endast den tredimensionella positionen av bollen observerades. Den typ av metod som användes för att lösa problemet använde sig av recurrent neural networks, i form av long short-term memory nätverk (LSTM). Motivationen bakom detta var att denna typ av nätverk hade lett till goda resultatet för liknande problem. Resultatet visar att använda sig av LSTM nätverk leder i genomsnitt till en 36.6 % förminskning av felet i den förutspådda nedslagsplatsen för bollen jämfört mot tidigare metoder som använder sig av numeriska simuleringar av en fysikalisk modell, om modellen användes på samma golfbana som den tränades på. Att använda en modell som var tränad på en annan golfbana leder till förbättringar i allmänhet, men inte om modellen användes på en golfbana där bollen fångades in med en annan frekvens. Detta problem löstes till en viss mån genom att träna om modellen med lite data från den nya golfbanan.
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Alkandari, Abdulaziz. "3D packing of balls in different containers by VNS." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8052.
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In real world applications such as the transporting of goods products, packing is a major issue. Goods products need to be packed such that the smallest space is wasted to achieve the maximum transportation efficiency. Packing becomes more challenging and complex when the product is circular/spherical. This thesis focuses on the best way to pack three-dimensional unit spheres into the smallest spherical and cubical space. Unit spheres are considered in lieu of non-identical spheres because the search mechanisms are more difficult in the latter set up and any improvements will be due to the search mechanism not to the ordering of the spheres. The two-unit sphere packing problems are solved by approximately using a variable neighborhood search (VNS) hybrid heuristic. A general search framework belonging to the Artificial Intelligence domain, the VNS offers a diversification of the search space by changing neighborhood structures and intensification by thoroughly investigating each neighborhood. It is exible, easy to implement, adaptable to both continuous and discrete optimization problems and has been use to solve a variety of problems including large-sized real-life problems. Its runtime is usually lower than other meta heuristic techniques. A tutorial on the VNS and its variants along with recent applications and areas of applicability of each variant. Subsequently, this thesis considers several variations of VNS heuristics for the two problems at hand, discusses their individual efficiencies and effectiveness, their convergence rates and studies their robustness. It highlights the importance of the hybridization which yields near global optima with high precision and accuracy, improving many best- known solutions indicate matching some, and improving the precision and accuracy of others. Keywords: variable neighborhood search, sphere packing, three-dimensional packing, meta heuristic, hybrid heuristics, multiple start heuristics.
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FERREIRA, CYNTHIA DE OLIVEIRA LAGE. "EVOLUTION OF UNION OF BALLS FROM ITS MEDIAL AXIS." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2005. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=6656@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORO estudo computacional de uniões de bolas possui aplicações em diversas áreas da Matemática. O objetivo principal deste trabalho é propor uma simplificação de união de bolas em R2 através de um movimento que obedece as direções do eixo medial, procurando preservar os grandes elementos geométricos da união de bolas. A desconexão ou não das formas é um aspecto essencial da evolução. Em alguns casos, pode significar uma divisão importante do objeto. Em outros, pode ser indesejada, pois gostaríamos de ter uma versão conexa simplificada da forma.
The computational study of unions of balls has applications in several domains of the Mathematics. The purpose of this dissertation is to propose a simplification of the union of balls in R2 through a movement that obeys the direction of the medial axis in order to simplify it, maintaining the major geometric elements of its shape. The disconnection of the shape is an essential property of the evolution. In some cases, it could mean an important division of the object. In others, it may be undesirable because we would like to have a simplified version connected of this shape.
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Dignall, Richard John. "Modelling the impact of tennis balls on court surfaces." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2005. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14607/.
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A model of tennis balls impacting obliquely on tennis courts was developed in this study. Balls were impacted normally on a force plate to read impact force data, and filmed at high speed during oblique impacts. A normal model was created and then extended to cover oblique impacts. The experimental data was used to verify the model in each case. A study of surface testing methods found that tennis courts are significantly stiffer than tennis balls; so much so that they can be considered rigid. A coefficient of friction between ball and surface was all that was necessary to define a surface. Normal impacts were performed on a force plate for four different ball constructions at speeds between 3 and 20 ms-I . Impact speed had a significant effect on coefficient of restitution (ratio of rebound speed to inbound speed) - for example for a pressurised ball, from about 0.8 at an impact speed of 3 msI to about 0.6 at 20 msI. Pressureless balls bounce at a similar speed to pressurised balls at low impact speeds, but slower at high impact speeds. Punctured balls bounce slower throughout the range of impact speeds. All balls showed a rapid increase in force during the initial part of the impact. An iterative model was created to simulate normal impact. A numerical method was used to find the effect of deformation shape on the relationship between centre of mass movement and ball deformation. A total force during impact was created by combining structural stiffness, material damping and impulsive reaction forces. This model worked well for all ball types and used quasi-static compression data and a low speed drop test to find the parameters. The impulsive force simulated the initial increase in force well. A thorough experimental study of oblique impacts was performed by isolating in turn each of the key incoming properties of impact. The incoming speed, spin and angle, together with the ball and surface construction were individually varied in turn and the effect on outgoing characteristics measured using high speed video footage. In most cases there was a distinct change in rebound properties when rolling happened. Footage at up to 7000 frames per second was used to qualitatively explain the effect of deformation shapes on energy losses. It was found that impacts with backspin caused more deformation and an increased energy loss compared to normal impacts with the same vertical velocity. Impacts with topspin had a reduced vertical energy loss. The normal model was extended to include the horizontal and rotational forces necessary to simulate an oblique impact. A damping compensation factor was included to adjust the vertical energy losses at different spin rates. The oblique test data was used to verify the model, and there was a very good correlation.
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Steele, Carolyn. "Tennis ball degradation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.504041.
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Despite anecdotal evidence of changes to tennis ball characteristics and play properties, little research has been directed towards understanding the causes and effects of tennis ball degradation. Improved racket technology and player fitness have contributed to an increase in the speed of the game, yet balls have seen few advancements over the same period. There are several obvious factors contributing to tennis ball degradation: natural pressure loss in pressurised balls, changes to the cloth covering due to court and racket impacts, and precipitation and environmental factors. As recent tennis research has focused on the new balls, there is a need to investigate other ball conditions present in the game of tennis. This thesis provides a structured investigation into the causes and effects of ball degradation, an objective assessment of the effects of degradation on ball performance, and incorporates subjective perceptions of all aesthetics and play properties noted by players. Particular attention is given to ball fuzziness. Excessive fuzziness can occur from manufacturing variability, court and racket interactions, and environmental conditions - though there is currently no standardised method to assess ball surface condition. An objective measure of ball fuzziness has been developed and used in the analysis of nearly 4000 individual ball images. The effects of court and racket impacts, precipitation, natural pressure loss, and repeated impacts have been analysed for their effects on ball degradation. An assessment of ball performance utilised ball impact and aerodynamic data to determine significant differences between balls and develop an improved ball trajectory model.
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Baus, Andreas [Verfasser]. "Anwendung der Nichtlinearen Zeitreihenanalyse auf Schleifprozesse / Andreas Baus." Aachen : Shaker, 2003. http://d-nb.info/1179035763/34.
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Étienne, Jacob. "Les bals populaires des antillais en region parisienne." Paris 8, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080125.
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Depuis 1960, des ressortissants de la guadeloupe et de la martinique emigrent en grand nombre vers la france metropolitaine. Cette migration a ete encourage par les pouvours publics comme une solution a la situation critique de l'economie de ces deux departements francais d'outre-mer. En raison de ses pouvoirs economiques, politiques et culturelles, paris exerce sans aucun doute une forme d'attraction a l'egard des antilles francaises; ce qui explique pour une grande part l'implantation de nombreux antillais en region parisienne, surtout dans les banlieues nord et sud, lesquelles recoivent traditionnellement des migrants de l'interieur et des immigres. Dans leur milieu d'accueil, qui modifie inevitablement leur processus de socialisation, les antillais reproduisent des schemes culturels de leur region d'origine a travers les bals populaires qu'ils frequentent ou qu'ils organisent eux-memes. Ces bals en tant que pratiques culturelles et formes de sociabilite ont toujours tenu une place importante dans l'histoire des societes antillaises. De plus ces manifestations s'incorporent dans la structure socio-spatiale de l'agglomeration parisienne. On a donc repere les lieux, dans l'espace de paris et de la banlieue parisienne ou se deroulent les bals, et apres avoir decrit, sur le plan de la morphologie sociale, leurs caracteristiques, on a cherche a mieux identifier leur clientele par recours a de brefs entretiens et surtout a mieux saisir le sens des pratiques culturelles dont les bals temoignent par l'observation directe. Ces manifestations, par les valeurs et les symboles dont elles sont porteuses, aident a mieux comprendre la pluridimensionnalite de la culture antillaise et a mieux cerner l'identite culturelle de ce groupe de migrants. Par ailleurs elles sont revelatrices des changements culturels dans la societe antillaise elle-memeSince 1960, the inhabitants of guadeloupe and martinique have migrating in geat nomber to france and its suburbs. This migration is highly encouraged by the french autorities, as a possible solution to the critical ecnomical situation of these two french departments (overseas). As regard to its economical, political and cultural power, power, no doubt paris constitutes a great ameneties of attraction to external regions, this explains why there are a lot of french west indian in paris, especially at its north and south suburbs. These french west indians reproduces their cultural tradition through popular dances. Which they frequent or which they organize themselves. These dances which are popular practices and sociabillity form have been always played a very important role in the history of west indies. Againt these cultural activities could be incorporated into the socio-spatial structure of the parisian region which encourage the practice of these popular french west indian dances. Now we have constated that the places in paris and its suburbs, where they are preparing the dances, and after we had describted, about the morphologic plan of social activities, their characteristics, we are looling forward to better identified the clients by a sort of an interview and most especially to be better put into practics in the sense of cultural or tradional dance. We had observed directly their vision. These cultural activities, by the values and symbols which are unveiled, they helpe to get better the west indian cultural and well understand as a group of migrants. Besides, these activities are revealing of cultural changing in the french west indies societies
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Roelly, Sylvie, and Myriam Fradon. "Infinite system of Brownian balls : equilibrium measures are canonical Gibbs." Universität Potsdam, 2006. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2006/672/.
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We consider a system of infinitely many hard balls in Rd undergoing Brownian motions and submitted to a smooth pair potential. It is modelized by an infinite-dimensional stochastic differential equation with a local time term. We prove that the set of all equilibrium measures, solution of a detailed balance equation, coincides with the set of canonical Gibbs measures associated to the hard core potential added to the smooth interaction potential.
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Fradon, Myriam, and Sylvie Roelly. "Infinite system of Brownian Balls: Equilibrium measures are canonical Gibbs." Universität Potsdam, 2005. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5159/.
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We consider a system of infinitely many hard balls in Rd undergoing Brownian motions and submitted to a smooth pair potential. It is modelized by an infinite-dimensional Stochastic Differential Equation with a local time term. We prove that the set of all equilibrium measures, solution of a Detailed Balance Equation, coincides with the set of canonical Gibbs measures associated to the hard core potential added to the smooth interaction potential.
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Krombach, Patricia A. "Effects of Stability Balls on Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6107.
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Children with ASD often display behavior problems that can lead to daily academic and social disruptions. Many teachers and therapists have sought to create classroom interventions that improve the length of time a child stays seated and focused on the required task. This has led to the introduction of stability balls as an alternative seating method for children, both on the autism spectrum and with other needs. This study used a multiple baseline design and duration data to evaluate the effects of stability ball seating on attending and in-seat behavior for children with ASD who received ABA therapy in their homes. The intervention replaced their standard seating method with a stability ball. In the final phase participants chose their own seating method before beginning table work to assess preference. Following intervention the stability ball was found to increase both attending and in-seat durations for children with ASD.
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Canino-Vazquez, Ivan R. "Lumps and balls in high-slump concrete: reasons and remedy." FIU Digital Commons, 2002. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1994.
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The objective of this research was to investigate the reason lumps occur in high-slump concrete and develop adequate batching procedures for a lumps-free high-slump ready-mix concrete mix used by the Florida Department of Transportation. Cement balls are round lumps of cement, sand, and coarse aggregate, typically about the size of a baseball that frequently occur in high-slump concrete. Such lumps or balls jeopardize the structural integrity of structural members.
Experiments were conducted at the CSR Rinker concrete plant in Miami, Florida, based on a protocol developed by a team of Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) concrete engineers, Rinker personnel, and Florida International University faculty. A total of seventeen truckloads were investigated in two phases, between April 2001 and March 2002. The tests consisted of gathering data by varying load size, discharge rate, headwater content, and mixing revolutions.
The major finding was that a usual load size and discharge rate, an initial headwater ratio of 30%, and an initial number of revolutions of 100 at 12 revolutions per minute seem to produce a lump-free high-slump concrete. It was concluded that inadequate mixing and batching procedures caused cement lumps. Recommendations regarding specific load size, discharge rates, number of mixing revolutions, and initial water content are made. Clear guidelines for a high-slump concrete batching protocol can be developed, with further testing based on these research conclusions.
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Voltz, Noël M. "Black female agency and sexual exploitation quadroon balls and plac̦age /." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32216.
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Henning, Christian [Verfasser]. "Ground state and excitation properties of Yukawa balls / Christian Henning." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1019867205/34.
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Khodorovskiy, Tatyana. "Symplectic Rational Blow-Up and Embeddings of Rational Homology Balls." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10189.
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We define the symplectic rational blow-up operation, for a family of rational homology balls \(B_n\), which appeared in Fintushel and Stern's rational blow-down construction. We do this by exhibiting a symplectic structure on a rational homology ball \(B_n\) as a standard symplectic neighborhood of a certain 2-dimensional Lagrangian cell complex. We also study the obstructions to symplectically rationally blowing up a symplectic 4-manifold, i.e. the obstructions to symplectically embedding the rational homology balls \(B_n\) into a symplectic 4-manifold. First, we present a couple of results which illustrate the relative ease with which these rational homology balls can be smoothly embedded into a smooth 4-manifold. Second, we prove a theorem and give additional examples which suggest that in order to symplectically embed the rational homology balls \(B_n\), for high \(n\), a symplectic 4-manifold must at least have a high enough \(c^2_1\) as well.Mathematics
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Hesse, Marion. "Branching diffusions on the boundary and the interior of balls." Thesis, University of Bath, 2013. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.642017.
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The object of study in this thesis are branching diffusions which arise as stochastic models for evolving populations. Our focus lies on studying branching diffusions in which particles or, more generally, mass gets killed upon exiting a ball. In particular, we investigate the way in which populations can survive within a ball and how the mass evolves upon its exit from an increasing sequence of balls.
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Paracha, Omair I. "Surface Characterization of Cricket Balls Using Area-scale Fractal Analysis." Digital WPI, 2010. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-theses/103.
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Cricket balls behave differently at various stages of the game depending upon how much wear and tear has taken place due to use. The playing performance of cricket balls depends largely on the surface texture. The ball is swung using the primary seam during the early stages of the game but later the surface roughness starts to affect the lateral movement. This work attempts to find a quantitative measure of the surface roughness of cricket balls and then uses it to discriminate between new and old balls. Area-scale fractal analysis is used to find the surface roughness in order discriminate between the balls. FTEST (a statistical tool) is also used to establish a discriminatory criterion between the old and new balls. Wind tunnel test results are presented to show the relationship between the surface roughness and drag. Finally a correlation between the roughness and drag of the cricket is shown.
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Windisch, Bernhard. "Balls and chains : a mesoscopic approach to tethered protein domains." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613002.
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Mercer, Julie Elizabeth. "Stability Balls in the Classroom: Effects on Engagement and Achievement." University of Findlay / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=findlay1565348112202381.
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Brown, Tyler. "Books Balls and Walls – Mt. Vernon Library and Recreation Center." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33331.
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"A significant work of architecture is never the product of a single individual. It is always a collaboration with history and tradition, with the silent wisdom of the discipline of architecture. An architect who understands the essence of his craft accepts his role as a builder of a tradition, and he places his work in the context of this continuum with combined humility and pride." Juhani Pallasmaa.Master of Architecture
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Jokinen, Asko. "Affleck-Dine mechanism and Q-balls along SUSY flat directions." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2003. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/fysik/vk/jokinen/.
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Livramento, Leandro Roza. "Q-balls e Q-shells compactas em modelo tipo CPN." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2017. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/176779.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Florianópolis, 2017.Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-27T04:20:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 345886.pdf: 1814583 bytes, checksum: b645e0bc5434e7298021c84ff361fbda (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017
Mostramos que o modelo CPN com número ímpar de campos escalares complexos e um potencial em forma V possui soluções compactas de energia finita em forma de Q-balls e Q-shells. As soluções foram obtidas em d=3 dimensões espaciais e uma dimensão temporal. Q-balls aparecem em N=1 e N=3 enquanto Q-shells são presentes para todos os valores ímpares superiores de N. A energia dessas soluções se comporta como E~|Qt|5/6 onde Qt é a carga de Noether. Esta dependência entre carga e energia assegura a estabilidade das soluções compactas encontradas nesse modelo.
Abstract : We show that the CPN model with odd number of complex scalar fields and V-shaped potential possesses a finite energy compact solutions in the form of Q-balls and Q-shells. The solutions were obtained in d=3 spatial dimensions and one time dimensions. Q-balls appear for N=1 and N=3 whereas Q-shells are present for all higher odd values of $N$. The energy of these solutions behaves as E~|Qt|5/6 where Qt is the Noether charge. This dependency between charge and energy ensures the stability of the compact solutions found in this model.
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Lefebvre, Carole. "Prediction in ball catching by children with a developmental coordination disorder." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23852.
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The purpose of this study was to determine how predicting ability in a ball catching task changes with age, and, to explore the predicting abilities of children with the developmental coordination disorder (DCD).There were 157 children between the ages of 5 and 12 participating in the first portion of the study. Of these children, 46 were 5 to 7 years of age and served as controls, in the second portion of the study, for 40 5 to 7-year old children with DCD.
Predicting ability was tested by having the children watch a video of a boy throwing a ball to three locations around them. Each location was seen at four different viewing times for a total of 60 trials.
Results for both ANOVAs revealed that as more visual information became available, predictions were more accurate. It was also evident that at the early viewing times younger children did not predict ball flight as well as older groups. Similarly, children with DCD predicted more poorly at most viewing times compared to their non-DCD peers.
Similar results were found for gender in the analysis comparing DCD and non-DCD children. At the early time periods males predict more effectively than females.
Thus the data point to the instances where experience is a crucial factor in predicting ball flight.
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Fischer, Anna [Verfasser], Mike Herbert [Akademischer Betreuer] Baums, and Clemens [Akademischer Betreuer] Dumont. "Vergleich den Sehnen-Knochen-Kontaktes von single- und double-row Technik mit unterschiedlichen Nahttechniken / Anna Fischer. Gutachter: Mike Herbert Baums ; Clemens Dumont. Betreuer: Mike Herbert Baums." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1045436038/34.
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Villar, de Queiroz Fernando Antonio Pinheiro. "Artistic interdisciplinarity and La Fura dels Baus, 1979-1989." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2001. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/25535.
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This thesis aims to explore questions of artistic interdisciplinarity through a study of the Catalan theatre company La Fura dels Baus's practice in the period from 1979 to 1989. This study sees artistic interdisciplinarity and La Fura as prominent aspects of contemporary theatre,which have received little critical attention in theatre studies. The general introduction attempts to define a conceptual and contextual framework for this thesis. Chapter 1 examines `artistic interdisciplinarity' as a significant conceptual instrument for this study. Chapter 2 investigates some instances of artistically interdisciplinary practice before and after performance art. Chapter 3 takes a general look at what constitutes the wider social and aesthetic context within which La Fura had its inception. Chapter 4 focuses on the group's early productions in Catalonia from 1979 to 1983, a period often neglected by scholars writing on the company's work. Chapter 5 presents Accions (1983-87),S u o/Suz (1985-91) and TierMon (1988- 90). These three productions comprise the features of the lenguajefurero. Chapter 6,7 and 8 examine these features, La Fura's manipulation of scenic threads such as space, time, sound, image, body and movement as well as the interdisciplinary exchanges with different arts. Chapter 8 also looks at the relations among La Fura's productions and questions of national and aesthetic identities in Catalonia and Spain. The final unit presents the conclusions of this thesis. Through a cross-disciplinary methodology, this thesis has the double ambition of stimulating further debates and actions in re-mapping theatrical language as well as connecting ideas about both main objects of study to an understanding of the art of theatre and its environments at the end of the twentieth century.