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Journal articles on the topic 'Bay windows'
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Lei, Yi Bin. "Analysis on the Structure Mechanism of Natural Top Ventilating and Soundproof Bay Windows." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 3215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.3215.
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To reduce noise transmitted by natural soundproof windows, two measures are usually adopted: changing window materials and structures. One of the researches is how to achieve ventilating and acoustic proof effects through changing the window structures of high buildings when ordinary materials are used. In this research, it is studied how to achieve both effects through installing top intakes and small acoustic barriers on bay windows, so to put forward new directions to the research of natural ventilating soundproof windows. In the meantime, it is aimed at providing new solutions to improve sound environment of high buildings through the practices in real construction cases.
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Buck, Kristen N., and Kenneth W. Bruland. "Copper speciation in San Francisco Bay: A novel approach using multiple analytical windows." Marine Chemistry 96, no. 1-2 (August 2005): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marchem.2005.01.001.
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MURAOKA, Kohji. "Special issue : Environmental preservation adn creation of Osaka Bay.Environmental windows of Osaka Bay." Journal of Environmental Conservation Engineering 24, no. 3 (1995): 147–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5956/jriet.24.147.
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HIGGINS, A. K., A. G. LESLIE, and M. P. SMITH. "Neoproterozoic–Lower Palaeozoic stratigraphical relationships in the marginal thin-skinned thrust belt of the East Greenland Caledonides: comparisons with the foreland in Scotland." Geological Magazine 138, no. 2 (March 2001): 143–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756801005076.
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Throughout the 1300 km long East Greenland Caledonides, the western exposed marginal thrusts overlie foreland rocks of latest Neoproterozoic–Early Palaeozoic age, mainly exposed in tectonic windows. In the western, 100–130 km wide, marginal thrust belt, the thrust planes outlining the windows appear to follow long flats developed in Lower Palaeozoic carbonates. East of the marginal thrust belt, thrust inclinations steepen, and by implication the remaining part of the Caledonian orogen extending eastwards to the present Atlantic Ocean coast is allochthonous and thick-skinned. The contrast between the restricted Neoproterozoic–Lower Palaeozoic foreland succession and the very thick and almost continuous sedimentation of the allochthonous Neoproterozoic Eleonore Bay Supergroup–Tillite Group–Cambro-Ordovician sequence of the fjord zone of East Greenland confirms the presence of distinct N–S trending facies belts on the northwestern passive margin of Iapetus. Comparisons with the Caledonides of Northwest Scotland, which may originally have lain as little as 500 km south of the East Greenland Caledonides, provide further clues to the understanding of Neoproterozoic–Early Palaeozoic basin geometry on this sector of the developing Iapetus margin. The areas of the Laurentian margin represented in the foreland windows of East Greenland were inboard of Neoproterozoic rifting but, with respect to the Torridonian basins of Northwest Scotland, the Eleonore Bay Supergroup succession must have been laid down further outboard. Similarly the Lower Palaeozoic developments of the foreland of Northwest Scotland are thicker than the equivalent foreland sequences of East Greenland, but much thinner than the allochthonous East Greenland Cambro-Ordovician succession.
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Kirilko, Vladimir P. "Architectonic Members from Indzhi-Bay Hatun Medrese in the Crimea." Античная древность и средние века 48 (2020): 349–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/adsv.2020.48.022.
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This article uses the materials of archaeological researches of the monuments and iconographic sources to make a detailed analysis of some architectonic members the medrese in the town of Krym (Solkhat; now Staryi Krym, formerly Eski-Kyrym), which was built in 733 AH (=1332/33 AD) by the order from Indzhi-Bay Hatun, a daughter of Kyl-Burun Bay. The results of the research allow a reliable restoration of the original appearance of the entrances to the living rooms of the building. The doorways of the hujras belonged to the same type, with inconsiderable difference of dimensions at some places. Despite the clearly distinguished centre with the dominant monumental portal designating the longitudinal axis of the structure, the medrese’s main facade had an asymmetric composition. Its sides had different numbers and arrangement of windows and stone gutters. The design and shape of the openings which illuminated eastern hujras are reconstructed with reliability. The basic planes of the main facade were decorated with profiled protrusions that completely framed the wall around the perimeter, simultaneously highlighted the basement and contoured the window frames. The most problematic is a detailed reconstruction of the lost forms of the portal which general outline appears on M. M. Ivanov’s watercolours. So far there is no doubt concerning the solid profiled reglet which framed the portal on the outer side: it outlined the portal’s main surfaces by limiting them above and on the back side. The graphic reconstruction of the whole structure with its minor details depends, to a great extent, on the introduction into the scholarship of absolutely all architectural, structural and decorative members discovered in Staryi Krym and especially those excavated from the building in question.
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Lei, Yi Bin, and Mei Jun Jin. "Application Analysis of Small Sound Barrier on Soundproof Windows under Line and Point Sound Sources." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 1107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.1107.
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Traffic noise can be classified as point and line sources according to different traffic flows. Intakes on bay windows and small sound barriers are always used to reduce the influences of traffic noise on high buildings along streets and improve sound environment in these residential areas. Through the studies of the diffraction sound attenuation difference curves of small barriers in point and line sound source conditions, this article aims at providing with not only feasible soundproof solutions and theoretical directions for the choice of sound insulation products, but also with theoretical bases for the research and exploration of acoustic proof windows. His template explains and demonstrates how to prepare your camera-ready paper for Trans Tech Publications. The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text.
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McDevitt-Galles, Travis, Wynne E. Moss, Dana M. Calhoun, and Pieter T. J. Johnson. "Phenological synchrony shapes pathology in host–parasite systems." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 287, no. 1919 (January 22, 2020): 20192597. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2019.2597.
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A key challenge surrounding ongoing climate shifts is to identify how they alter species interactions, including those between hosts and parasites. Because transmission often occurs during critical time windows, shifts in the phenology of either taxa can alter the likelihood of interaction or the resulting pathology. We quantified how phenological synchrony between vulnerable stages of an amphibian host ( Pseudacris regilla ) and infection by a pathogenic trematode ( Ribeiroia ondatrae ) determined infection prevalence, parasite load and host pathology. By tracking hosts and parasite infection throughout development between low- and high-elevation regions (San Francisco Bay Area and the Southern Cascades (Mt Lassen)), we found that when phenological synchrony was high (Bay Area), each established parasite incurred a 33% higher probability of causing severe limb malformations relative to areas with less synchrony (Mt Lassen). As a result, hosts in the Bay Area had up to a 50% higher risk of pathology even while controlling for the mean infection load. Our results indicate that host–parasite interactions and the resulting pathology were the joint product of infection load and phenological synchrony, highlighting the sensitivity of disease outcomes to forecasted shifts in climate.
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Horiguchi, Fumio, Joji Yamamoto, and Kisaburo Nakata. "Model study of environmental concentrations of TBT in Tokyo Bay – development of a Windows® version prototype." Environmental Modelling & Software 21, no. 2 (February 2006): 229–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2004.04.016.
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Petrov, Alexander, Vitaly Peshkov, and Alexander Petunin. "Industrial technologies of reconstruction of large-panel buildings of the 1-335 series." MATEC Web of Conferences 212 (2018): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821204009.
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Technological and constructive decisions of modernization and reconstruction of large-panel buildings of the first mass buildings are considered in the article. The technology of the reinforced concrete diaphragms of the building hardness brings the seismic stability of the building to the normative level. The technologies of erecting a building with bay windows, as well as the construction of attic floors by the method of mounting bulk units enlarged onto the span have been developed. The folding volumetric blocks and the technology of their installation are proposed. The analysis of reconstructive works in two variants showed their rationality and financial attractiveness in comparison with the dismantling of buildings.
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PETRENKO-LYSAK, ALLA, and TINA POLEK. "Balcony space: anthropological and sociological study." Sociology: Theory, Methods, Marketing, Stmm. 2021 (2) (July 12, 2021): 136–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/sociology2021.02.136.
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Architectural elements and everyday practices of interaction of citizens with them are an integral part of the image and space of the city. That is why the analysis of the balcony as a social item requires its consideration precisely as a phenomenon in the multitude of its interrelationships with the urban space and the exploration practices. The article presents the anthropological and sociological characteristics of the urban balcony culture not as an architectural component, but in the focus of the everyday functions of their use and re-exploration. The word "balcony" is chosen to denote various types of balcony-like spatial forms, including loggias, small attics, bay windows, etc., because the "classic" balcony in Ukrainian mass construction is the most common. There is an outlined range of reasons that make the residents of Ukrainian cities fix a rather recognizable, so-called «domestic» look behind their balconies, thus creating authentic signs of modern Ukrainian cities. Based on the experience we have learned, we have proposed solutions to such an urban planning problem as the re-exploration and glazing of open balconies in the form of two strategies — pressure and encouragement. The presented theoretical and applied study concerns primarily the post-Soviet Ukrainian balconies. The research is mainly based on Kyiv materials, but the described tendencies are typical for most Ukrainian cities, regardless of their size and geographic location. A note on terminology: this text uses the word «balcony» for all types of spatial forms (rooms), including loggias and small attics, bay windows, etc. We realize that there are differences between these architectural elements, however, for convenience, and also because of the fact that the so-called «original» balcony is the most common in Ukrainian mass development, so the word «balcony» is used there as a generalizing term.
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Rippel, Daniel, Nicolas Jathe, Michael Lütjen, and Michael Freitag. "Evaluation of Loading Bay Restrictions for the Installation of Offshore Wind Farms Using a Combination of Mixed-Integer Linear Programming and Model Predictive Control." Applied Sciences 9, no. 23 (November 21, 2019): 5030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9235030.
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The installation of offshore wind farms poses particular challenges due to expensive resources and quickly changing weather conditions. Model-based decision-support systems are required to achieve an efficient installation. In the literature, there exist several models for scheduling offshore operations, which focus on vessels but neglect the influence of resource restrictions at the base port and uncertainties involved with weather predictions. This article proposes a Mixed-Integer Linear Programming model for the scheduling of installation activities, which handles several installation vessels as well as restrictions about available cargo bridges at the port. Additionally, the article explains how this model can be combined with a Model Predictive Control scheme to provide decision support for the scheduling of offshore installation operations. The article presents numerical studies of the effects induced by resource restrictions and of different parametrizations for this approach. Results show that even small planning windows, paired with comparably low computational times, achieve reasonably good results. Moreover, the results show that an increase in vessels comes at diminishing returns concerning the installation efficiency. Therefore, the results indicate that available good-weather windows primarily limit efficiency.
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Qu, Tie Jun, and Rong Huan Xu. "Seismic Experimental Study on Masonry Structure Strengthened by Ring-Beam and Constructional Column." Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (December 2014): 1418–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.1418.
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A full scale masonry model of two-floor and single bay was built in this paper and was strengthened by ring-beam and constructional column. And then pseudo-dynamic testing was conducted to study the time-history curves of displacement, velocity, acceleration response and restoring force in 7 degree rarely earthquake. Results show that the earthquake performance is steady and there are no visible cracks on the model after the testing. Windows and doors perform well because of the constraint of ring-beam and column, whereas failures often occurred when the structures were not strengthened. Seismic performance is largely improved by ring-beam and constructional column and the structure can resist 7 degree rarely earthquake.
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Spaulding, Malcolm L., and Daniel L. Mendelsohn. "WQMAP: An Integrated Three-Dimensional Hydrodynamic and Water Quality Model System for Estuarine and Coastal Applications." Marine Technology Society Journal 33, no. 3 (January 1, 1999): 38–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.33.3.6.
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WQMAP is an integrated system for modeling the circulation and water quality of estuarine and coastal waters. The system includes a suite of integrated environmental models including a boundary conforming grid generation model, a three hydrodynamic model, and a suite of pollutant transport and fate models (single and multiple constituent and WASP5 eutrophication kinetics). All operate on a boundary conforming grid system and are supported by an embedded geographic information system and environmental data management tools. WQMAP is configured for operation on a Pentium personal computer and features a Windows based user interface. The interface employs point and click and pull down menu operation. Color graphics and animations are used to display model predictions. The system is structured to facilitate application to any geographic area.As an illustration of its capability WQMAP was applied to predict the three-dimensional circulation and thermal dynamics for Mt. Hope Bay, RI, located on the eastern side of Narragansett Bay. The area receives fresh water input from the Taunton River and a thermal discharge from a 1600 MW coal and oil fired power plant located at Bray ton Point, along the north shore of the bay. Model predictions were performed for the month of August 1997 and compared to time series at three stations in the vicinity of the power plant discharge. Measurements of currents, temperature, and salinity were made near the surface and the bottom at each of the three stations. Model predictions (currents, temperature, and salinity) were in good agreement with available data using relative error, root mean square error, linear regression analysis, and error coefficient of variation as quantitative evaluation criteria. Model predictions showed that circulation in the bay is generally dominated by the tide, except in the lower reaches of the Taunton River where density induced, two layer flow becomes important. The thermal structure of the bay is dominated by the power plant discharge in the northwestern section of the bay and otherwise by natural atmospheric heating and cooling. Thermal stratification near the power plant is principally dependent on the discharge plume. It is strongest and most wide spread on ebb tide along the central axis of the plume and weaker during flood tide when the plume is confined to the near shore area.
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Maxwell, Ross R. "Converting a Large Region to a Multimodal Pulsed-Hub Public Transport Network." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1835, no. 1 (January 2003): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1835-16.
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Applicability of the cost-effective strategy used in Switzerland that successfully integrates all public transport for the entire country into a multi-hub timed-transfer system (pulsed-hub network) is investigated using the greater San Francisco Bay Area as an illustrative case study. For the existing and proposed Bay Area rail service routes, the study investigates the optimal repeating (clock-face) base headway for the pulsed-hub network, hub spacing, and locations (ideally adjacent to dense and diverse land uses providing destinations within walking distance, preferably a downtown), and hub station design to minimize transfer walk times. A pulsed-hub network schedule, because of the repeating schedule, can be shown as a schedule map that represents typically a 1-h schedule module. The schedule map, showing the routing and travel times between hubs and the pulse timings by means of a clock face at each hub, becomes a tool to develop the multihub system and to communicate with all stakeholders, including policy makers and the public. The illustrative pulsed-hub network uses existing and proposed rail services and express buses on high-occupancy vehicle lanes. These include the two publicly owned regional rail systems, Bay Area Rapid Transit and the Peninsula Commute Service (Caltrain); the intercity Amtrak-operated Capitol Corridor trains between San Jose, Oakland, and Sacramento (assuming that reliable passenger service can be maintained by freight railway by providing schedule windows for both passenger and freight trains); the proposed Sonoma-Marin Area Rail Transit and Dumbarton Rail Bridge routes; and the proposed California high-speed trains, currently in environmental review.
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Fontaine, Michaël C., Oliver Thatcher, Nicolas Ray, Sylvain Piry, Andrew Brownlow, Nicholas J. Davison, Paul Jepson, Rob Deaville, and Simon J. Goodman. "Mixing of porpoise ecotypes in southwestern UK waters revealed by genetic profiling." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 3 (March 2017): 160992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160992.
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Contact zones between ecotypes are windows for understanding how species may react to climate changes. Here, we analysed the fine-scale genetic and morphological variation in harbour porpoises ( Phocoena phocoena ) around the UK by genotyping 591 stranded animals at nine microsatellite loci. The data were integrated with a prior study to map at high resolution the contact zone between two previously identified ecotypes meeting in the northern Bay of Biscay. Clustering and spatial analyses revealed that UK porpoises are derived from two genetic pools with porpoises from the southwestern UK being genetically differentiated, and having larger body sizes compared to those of other UK areas. Southwestern UK porpoises showed admixed ancestry between southern and northern ecotypes with a contact zone extending from the northern Bay of Biscay to the Celtic Sea and Channel. Around the UK, ancestry blends from one genetic group to the other along a southwest--northeast axis, correlating with body size variation, consistent with previously reported morphological differences between the two ecotypes. We also detected isolation by distance among juveniles but not in adults, suggesting that stranded juveniles display reduced intergenerational dispersal. The fine-scale structure of this admixture zone raises the question of how it will respond to future climate change and provides a reference point for further study.
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Chen, Hong Fu, and Bai Tao Sun. "Investigation and Analysis on Seismic Damage of Masonry Buildings Subjected to Wenchuan Ms=8.0 Earthquake." Key Engineering Materials 452-453 (November 2010): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.452-453.105.
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During Wenchuan Ms 8.0 earthquake, masonry buildings have suffered severely damaged and collapsed, causing heavy casualties and huge economic losses. In this paper, based on seismic site survey data, some new phenomena and characteristics of earthquake damage in comparison with the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, such as seismic damage of large space buildings, inclined or “X” shaped crack in wall between windows or spandrel wall, stair damage, falling of precast reinforced concrete slab and horizontal crack at the bottom of structure, are discussed in detail. Then, the impact factors of seismic capacity of masonry building in Wenchuan earthquake, including construction age, seismic fortification, bay size, floor (roof) form, layer number, thickness of bearing wall are analyzed, respectively; Finally, some recommendations on seismic design and reconstruction of masonry structure by the seismic design code are proposed.
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Khalilzadeh Vahidi, Ebrahim, and Reza Moradi. "Numerical Study of the Force Transfer Mechanism and Seismic Behavior of Masonry Infilled RC Frames with Windows Opening." Civil Engineering Journal 5, no. 1 (January 27, 2019): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.28991/cej-2019-03091225.
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Masonry infilled walls are widely used in reinforced concrete (RC) frams worldwide. However, infilled RC frame building failure is a common mode in destructive earthquakes. Further researcher is needed to bring insightful understandings into the behaviors of these structures. Therefore, this study investigates seismic parameters, ultimate tensile damage, and force transfer mechanisms in a reinforced concrete structure under in-plan load. For this purpose, the definitions and the relevant literature were reviewed. Then, an analytical software supporting an infill model was selected and described altogether with a particular modeling approach. Calibrating software results with those presented by Abdulhafez et al. (2014), the researchers designed a series of planer one-story one-bay reinforced concrete frames upon ACI 318M-14 Building Code. The seismic behavior of infilled frames were also studied using finite element method. Force transfer mechanisms in infilled frame with opening, which is one of the important items, was investigated in this study. Comparing the analysis outcomes with the bar frame, it was indicated that the ultimate load, stiffness, and toughness of the full in-filled frame were increased while the ductility was decreased. It was also revealed that the presence of opening in infilled frame decreased the ultimate load, stiffness and toughness corresponding full infilled frame. In addition, the increasing of opening size increased the reduction of the ultimate load, stiffness and toughness.
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COMI, Antonio, Berta BUTTARAZZI, Massimiliano SCHIRALDI, Rosy INNARELLA, Martina VARISCO, and Paolo TRAINI. "An advanced planner for urban freight delivering." Archives of Transport 4, no. 48 (December 31, 2018): 27–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8363.
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The paper aims at introducing an advanced delivery tour planner to support operators in urban delivery operations through a combined approach which chooses delivery bays and delivery time windows while optimizing the delivery routes. After a literature review on tools for the management and the control of the delivery system implemented for optimizing the usage of on-street delivery bays, a prototypical tour delivery planner is described. The tool allows transport and logistics operators to book the delivery bays and to have real-time suggestions on the delivery tour to follow, through the minimization of the total delivery time. Currently, at development phase, the tool has been tested in a target zone, considering the road network and time/city delivering constraints and real-time data about vehicles location, traffic and delivery bay availability. The tool identifies the possible tours based on the delivery preferences, ranks the possible solutions according to the total route time based on information on the road network (i.e. travel time forecasts), performs a further optimization to reduce the total travel times and presents the user the best alternative along with the indications of which delivery bay to use in each delivery stop. The developed prototype is composed by two main parts: a web application that manages communication between the database and the road network simulation, and, an Android mobile App that supports transport and logistic operators in managing their delivering, pre trip and en route, showing and updating routing based on real-time information.
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Bujarkiewicz, Adam, and Jacek Sztubecki. "Possibilities for using solar energy to fulfil the energy needs of buildings in the city centre." E3S Web of Conferences 45 (2018): 00013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184500013.
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Historical buildings in the centre of European cities are characterized by compact built-up areas with diversified heights of buildings, most often with multi-sloped roofs. Architectural elements, dormers, chimneys and bay windows, cause limitations in the availability of surface area for solar installations. The paper presents the results of an analysis for possibilities in meeting energy requirements with the use of solar energy for old-town buildings in the centre of Bydgoszcz. Based on the calculations made, it was determined that the dense downtown development has a very large roof surface, however, the vicinity of buildings, roof slope angles, and obstacles cause significant restrictions on the location of such installations. The article analyzes selected fragments of the Downtown district. The height of buildings, their shape and the surface of their roofs and all the obstacles that occur there were taken into account. The conclusions concern an assessment of the possibility of using the potential of solar energy in this type of building. The efficiency of solar installations and the losses associated with energy conversion and transmission to customers is also included.
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DECARO, LOUIS F. "Bay Window." Neurology Now 3, no. 5 (September 2007): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nnn.0000299040.37597.d0.
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Willam, K. J., C. Citto, and P. B. Shing. "Recent Results on Masonry Infill Walls." Advanced Materials Research 133-134 (October 2010): 27–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.133-134.27.
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The paper summarizes the main research findings on masonry infill walls which were obtained within the framework of a comprehensive NSF-NEESR-SG project directed by Prof. Benson Shing at UC San Diego (Shing et al. 2009). The main focus of this contribution are experimental and computational observations on 2/3 scale unreinforced masonry panels bounded by a reinforced concrete frame which were subjected to cyclic push-over testing at CU Boulder under constant vertical pre-loading. This study included two-wythe masonry panels of 133in x75.5in size (3.378 x1.897m) with and without openings in form of eccentric windows and doors. The background experiments did include a suite of masonry prism tests on rectilinear and slanted masonry prisms providing important insight into the composite behavior of mortar and brick construction. The paper concludes with remarks on the experimental observations when the panels were integrated into infill walls of two-bay width and three-story height with and without retrofits of reinforced ECC layers (engineered cementitious composites) which were attached to one side for quasistatic testing at CU Boulder, and to both sides of the wall for dynamic shake table testing at UC San Diego.
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Richards, Briciu-Burghina, Jacobs, Barrett, and Regan. "Assessment of Antifouling Potential of Novel Transparent Sol Gel Coatings for Application in the Marine Environment." Molecules 24, no. 16 (August 16, 2019): 2983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24162983.
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In recent years, there has become a growing need for the development of antifouling technology for application in the marine environment. The accumulation of large quantities of biomass on these surfaces cause substantial economic burdens within the marine industry, or adversely impact the performance of sensor technologies. Here, we present a study of transparent coatings with potential for applications on sensors or devices with optical windows. The focus of the study is on the abundance and diversity of biofouling organisms that accumulate on glass panels coated with novel transparent or opaque organically modified silicate (ORMOSIL) coatings. The diatom assessment was used to determine the effectiveness of the coatings against biofouling. Test panels were deployed in a marine environment in Galway Bay for durations of nine and thirteen months to examine differences in biofilm formation in both microfouling and macrofouling conditions. The most effective coating is one which consists of precursor, tetraethyl orthosilicate (HC006) that has a water contact angle > 100, without significant roughness (43.52 nm). However, improved roughness and wettability of a second coating, diethoxydimethylsilane (DMDEOS), showed real promise in relation to macrofouling reduction.
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Gao, Xiang, Linying Chen, Pengfei Chen, Yu Luo, and Junmin Mou. "Capacity Analysis for Approach Channels Shared by LNG Carriers." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 8, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 697. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse8090697.
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The transport of liquefied natural gas (LNG) has significant impact on traffic capacity of waterways, especially the approach channels shared by LNG carriers and other types of ships (general cargo ships, container ships, etc.). Few studies take the behavioral characteristics of LNG carriers and their impacts into consideration. In this paper, we propose a framework for capacity analysis of shared approach channels based on the spatial–temporal consumption method. It consists of three modules: (1) the tide module predicts the tidal height and tidal time for identifying the time windows for LNG carriers; (2) the spatial–temporal consumption module is introduced to calculate the capacity of approach channels; (3) the LNG carrier navigation module is for analyzing the characteristics of LNG carriers and the impact on the capacity of approach channels. A spatial–temporal indexed chart is designed to visualize the utilization of the spatial–temporal resources. A case study on the approach channel of Yueqing Bay near the east coast of China is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the framework. The utilization rates of the approach channel and the impact of LNG carriers are presented using our method. The results of the case study indicate that the proposed traffic capacity analyzing framework can provide support for making traffic management strategies.
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Urban, Florian. "New tenements and the image of the past: the Crown Street development in Glasgow's New Gorbals." Architectural Research Quarterly 17, no. 1 (March 2013): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135513000341.
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In 2000, the Crown Street redevelopment in Glasgow's New Gorbals area was completed following a masterplan by Piers Gough and building designs by Page and Park, Elder and Cannon, Hypostyle Architects and others. Built on symbolically contested ground previously occupied by the Gorbals tenements (1870s–1960s) and the high-rise Hutchesontown flats (1960s–1990s), the new development is a textbook example of neotraditional design. The project features ornamented facades, bay windows, courtyards and corridor streets along with local references to the heyday of Glasgow tenements during the late nineteenth century.This paper shows that the new tenements on Crown Street contributed to Glasgow's economic revival strategies by reconfiguring the site and supporting a positive view of Glasgow's Victorian era. In this sense, the architects adapted design preferences – which at the time were evident all over Europe and North America – to a local agenda.The new tenements reconcile conflicting perspectives: on the one hand a break almost as comprehensive as the urban renewal of the 1960s, and on the other hand an idea of historical continuity and long-lasting community life, which rested on a revised conception of the city's industrial past. Conveying a historical image cleared of imperfections they communicate a message of permanence that stands in stark contrast to the area's historic upheavals, but nonetheless contributed to the viability of the new neighbourhood.
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Cabanellas-Reboredo, Miguel, Josep Alós, Miquel Palmer, and Beatriz Morales-Nin. "Environmental effects on recreational squid jigging fishery catches." ICES Journal of Marine Science 69, no. 10 (December 1, 2012): 1823–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fss159.
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Abstract Cabanellas-Reboredo, M., Alós, J., Palmer, M., and Morales-Nin, B. 2012. Environmental effects on recreational squid jigging fishery catches. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 1823–1830. Experimental fishing sessions simulating the operating procedures of the recreational fishery for the European squid that operates at inshore Palma Bay (Balearic Islands, Spain) were conducted to investigate the effects of environmental variables on squid catches. The catch per unit of effort (cpue) of recreational-like jigging sessions showed a seasonal pattern (higher cpue during colder months). Two alternative hypotheses can explain such a pattern. First, squid could migrate inshore during colder months to seek spatio-temporal windows within which the sea temperature maximize spawning success. Second, the timing of the seasonal reproductive peak and the growth rate of any given cohort would result in a higher percentage of squid whose body size is greater than the gear-specific vulnerability threshold during the colder months. The combination of environmental variables that maximized cpue was a low sea surface temperature, a low windspeed, low atmospheric pressure, and days close to the new moon. A specific period of the day, narrowly around sunset, favoured the catches. Within this narrow period, the sunlight is still sufficient to allow the recreational fishing lures to be effective, and the squid have already shifted to a more active pattern of movement characteristic of the night-time period.
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Maidiawati, Jafril Tanjung, Hamdeni Medriosa, and Yulia Hayati. "Effects of Single and Multi Openings in Brick Infills on the Seismic Response of Infilled RC Frames." MATEC Web of Conferences 215 (2018): 01036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201821501036.
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Many researchers have performed a lot of studies of the seismic behavior reinforced concrete (RC) frame with masonry infill. They found that masonry infill affects the lateral strength, stiffness and ductility performance of the RC frame structures. However, when openings appeared in the panel infill for door and windows, the responses of the overall structure are entirely changed. The primary purpose of this study is to experimentally investigate the behavior of brick infilled RC frames possessing single opening and two openings. Four specimens of 1/4-scale single bay RC frames with brick infills were made that were one bare frame, one frame with full infill and two frames with infills having a central opening and two openings with the opening ratio of 25%. The specimens were tested under lateral reversed cyclic loads. Consequently, different responses of failure mechanism, lateral strength, stiffness and energy dissipated were observed among the specimens. The brick full infill failed in shear with propagation cracks in central part of the panel, but in the case of the infills with single and two openings, the cracks were dominated at the corners of the openings. The in-plane strength, stiffness and dissipated energy of infilled frames decreased when openings appeared in the panel. However, the seismic performance of brick infilled frame with the opening of 25% of panel area is better than those of bare frame. The brick infilled frames with a central opening and two openings are similar in lateral strength and dissipated energy. It seems that area and position of the openings control the seismic response to the overall infilled frame structure of the openings
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Mahmud, A., M. Hixson, J. Hu, Z. Zhao, S. H. Chen, and M. J. Kleeman. "Climate impact on airborne particulate matter concentrations in California using seven year analysis periods." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 22 (November 25, 2010): 11097–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11097-2010.
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Abstract. The effect of global climate change on the annual average concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in California was studied using a climate-air quality modeling system composed of global through regional models. Output from the NCAR/DOE Parallel Climate Model (PCM) generated under the "business as usual" global emissions scenario was downscaled using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model followed by air quality simulations using the UCD/CIT airshed model. The system represents major atmospheric processes acting on gas and particle phase species including meteorological effects on emissions, advection, dispersion, chemical reaction rates, gas-particle conversion, and dry/wet deposition. The air quality simulations were carried out for the entire state of California with a resolution of 8-km for the years 2000–2006 (present climate with present emissions) and 2047–2053 (future climate with present emissions). Each of these 7-year analysis periods was analyzed using a total of 1008 simulated days to span a climatologically relevant time period with a practical computational burden. The 7-year windows were chosen to properly account for annual variability with the added benefit that the air quality predictions under the present climate could be compared to actual measurements. The climate-air quality modeling system successfully predicted the spatial pattern of present climate PM2.5 concentrations in California but the absolute magnitude of the annual average PM2.5 concentrations were under-predicted by ~4–39% in the major air basins. The majority of this under-prediction was caused by excess ventilation predicted by PCM-WRF that should be present to the same degree in the current and future time periods so that the net bias introduced into the comparison is minimized. Surface temperature, relative humidity (RH), rain rate, and wind speed were predicted to increase in the future climate while the ultra violet (UV) radiation was predicted to decrease in major urban areas in the San Joaquin Valley (SJV) and South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB). These changes lead to a predicted decrease in PM2.5 mass concentrations of ~0.3–0.7 μg m−3 in the southern portion of the SJV and ~0.3–1.1 μg m−3 along coastal regions of California including the heavily populated San Francisco Bay Area and the SoCAB surrounding Los Angeles. Annual average PM2.5 concentrations were predicted to increase at certain locations within the SJV and the Sacramento Valley (SV) due to the effects of climate change, but a corresponding analysis of the annual variability showed that these predictions are not statistically significant (i.e. the choice of a different 7-year period could produce a different outcome for these regions). Overall, virtually no region in California outside of coastal + central Los Angeles, and a small region around the port of Oakland in the San Francisco Bay Area experienced a statistically significant change in annual average PM2.5 concentrations due to the effects of climate change in the present~study. The present study employs the highest spatial resolution (8 km) and the longest analysis windows (7 years) of any climate-air quality analysis conducted for California to date, but the results still have some degree of uncertainty. Most significantly, GCM calculations have inherent uncertainty that is not fully represented in the current study since a single GCM was used as the starting point for all calculations. The PCM results used in the current study predicted greater wintertime increases in air temperature over the Pacific Ocean than over land, further motivating comparison to other GCM results. Ensembles of GCM results are usually employed to build confidence in climate calculations. The current results provide a first data-point for the climate-air quality analysis that simultaneously employ the fine spatial resolution and long time scales needed to capture the behavior of climate-PM2.5 interactions in California. Future downscaling studies should follow up with a full ensemble of GCMs as their starting point, and include aerosol feedback effects on local meteorology.
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Alexandra Teague. "Bay Window, with Divorce and Pigeon." Missouri Review 31, no. 4 (2009): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mis.0.0084.
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Mauget, S. A. "Optimal Ranking Regime analysis of TreeFlow dendrohydrological reconstructions." Climate of the Past Discussions 11, no. 2 (March 26, 2015): 755–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-11-755-2015.
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Abstract. The Optimal Ranking Regime (ORR) method was used to identify 6–100 year time windows containing significant ranking sequences in 55 western US streamflow reconstructions, and reconstructions of the level of the Great Salt Lake and San Francisco Bay salinity during 1500–2007. The method's ability to identify optimally significant and non-overlapping runs of low and high rankings allows it to re-express a reconstruction time series as a simplified sequence of regime segments marking intra- to multi-decadal (IMD) periods of low or high streamflow, lake level, or salinity. Those ORR sequences, referred to here as Z lines, can be plotted to identify consistent regime patterns in the analysis of numerous reconstructions. The Z lines for the 57 reconstructions evaluated here show a common pattern of IMD cycles of drought and pluvial periods during the late 16th and 17th centuries, a relatively dormant period during the 18th century, and the reappearance of alternating dry and wet IMD periods during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Although this pattern suggests the possibility of similarly active and inactive oceanic modes in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, such centennial-scale patterns are not evident in the ORR analyses of reconstructed Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation, and North Atlantic seas-surface temperature variation. But given the inconsistency in the analyses of four PDO reconstructions the possible role of centennial-scale oceanic mechanisms is uncertain. In future research the ORR method might be applied to climate reconstructions around the Pacific Basin to try to resolve this uncertainty. Given its ability to compare regime patterns in climate reconstructions derived using different methods and proxies, the method may also be used in future research to evaluate long-term regional temperature reconstructions.
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Mauget, S. A. "Optimal ranking regime analysis of TreeFlow dendrohydrological reconstructions." Climate of the Past 11, no. 8 (August 26, 2015): 1107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-1107-2015.
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Abstract. The optimal ranking regime (ORR) method was used to identify 6–100-year time windows containing significant ranking sequences in 55 western US streamflow reconstructions, and reconstructions of the level of the Great Salt Lake and San Francisco Bay salinity during 1500–2007. The method's ability to identify optimally significant and non-overlapping runs of low- and high-rankings allows it to re-express a reconstruction time series as a simplified sequence of regime segments marking intra- to multi-decadal (IMD) periods of low or high streamflow, lake level, and salinity. Those ORR sequences, referred to here as Z-lines, can be plotted to identify consistent regime patterns in the analysis of numerous reconstructions. The Z-lines for the 57 reconstructions evaluated here show a common pattern of IMD cycles of drought and pluvial periods during the late 16th and 17th centuries, a relatively dormant period during the 18th century, and the reappearance of alternating dry and wet IMD periods during the 19th and early 20th centuries. Although this pattern suggests the possibility of similarly active and inactive oceanic modes in the North Pacific and North Atlantic, such centennial-scale patterns are not evident in the ORR analyses of reconstructed Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO), El Niño–Southern Oscillation, and North Atlantic sea-surface temperature variation. However, given the inconsistency in the analyses of four PDO reconstructions, the possible role of centennial-scale oceanic mechanisms is uncertain. In future research the ORR method might be applied to climate reconstructions around the Pacific Basin to try to resolve this uncertainty. Given its ability to compare regime patterns in climate reconstructions derived using different methods and proxies, the method may also be used in future research to evaluate long-term regional temperature reconstructions.
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Freeman, B., M. Badley, and G. Yielding. "The Fault Analysis Projection System (FAPS) - A new seismic interpretation and structural geological interpretation tool." Exploration Geophysics 20, no. 2 (1989): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/eg989001.
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Recent research has demonstrated that the displacement on faults varies in a systematic manner, both vertically and laterally. Contours of displacement on strike projections display ordered patterns for isolated normal faults, strike-slip faults and syn-sedimentary faults. Recognition of these ordered patterns forms the basis for a new seismic interpretation and structural/geological interpretation tool, enabling objective verification of fault correlation, identification of bad fault or horizon picks, and a better understanding of the overall kinematic framework. The Fault Analysis Projection System (FAPS) is a computerized implementation of this technique designed to run on UNIX-based workstations. The FAPS uses the X-windows graphics system which permits different elements of the interpretation/analysis to be viewed at the same time and is designed to make adjustments to interpretations a simple task. For example, an interpreter may work on a map in one window, a set of sections in another window, perform a graphics screen-edit on data in a third window and view the results of an analysis in a separate, fourth window.
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San Liang, X., and Allan R. Robinson. "Multiscale Processes and Nonlinear Dynamics of the Circulation and Upwelling Events off Monterey Bay." Journal of Physical Oceanography 39, no. 2 (February 1, 2009): 290–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jpo3950.1.
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Abstract The nonlinear multiscale dynamics of the Monterey Bay circulation during the Second Autonomous Ocean Sampling Network (AOSN-II) Experiment (August 2003) is investigated in an attempt to understand the complex processes underlying the highly variable ocean environment of the California coastal region. Using a recently developed methodology, the localized multiscale energy and vorticity analysis (MS-EVA) and the MS-EVA-based finite-amplitude hydrodynamic instability theory, the processes are reconstructed on three mutually exclusive time subspaces: a large-scale window, a mesoscale window, and a submesoscale window. The ocean is found to be most energetic in the upper layers, and the temporal mesoscale structures are mainly trapped above 200 m. Through exploring the nonlinear window–window interactions, it is found that the dynamics underlying the complex surface circulation is characterized by a well-organized, self-sustained bimodal instability structure: a Bay mode and a Point Sur mode, which are located near Monterey Bay and west of Point Sur, respectively. Both modes are of mixed types, but they are distinctly different in dynamics. The former is established when the wind relaxes, while the latter is directly driven by the wind. Either way, the wind instills energy into the ocean, which is stored within the large-scale window and then released to fuel temporal mesoscale processes. Upon wind relaxation, the generated mesoscale structures propagate northward along the coastline, in a form with dispersion properties similar to that of a free thermocline-trapped coastal-trapped wave. Between these two modes, a secondary instability is identified in the surface layer during 15–21 August, transferring energy to the temporal submesoscale window. Also studied is the deep-layer flow, which is unstable all the time throughout the experiment within the Bay and north of the deep canyon. It is observed that the deep temporal mesoscale flow within the Bay may derive its energy from the submesoscale window as well as from the large-scale window. This study provides a real ocean example of how secondary upwelling can be driven by winds through nonlinear instability and how winds may excite the ocean via an avenue distinctly different from the classical paradigms.
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Xu, Hao-Liang, Vitaliy Gavrilyuk, Hailemariam M. Wolde, Verna L. Baughman, and Dale A. Pelligrino. "Regulation of rat pial arteriolar smooth muscle relaxation in vivo through multidrug resistance protein 5-mediated cGMP efflux." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286, no. 5 (May 2004): H2020—H2027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01105.2003.
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Multidrug resistance protein 5 (MRP5) has been linked to cGMP cellular export in peripheral vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and is widely expressed in brain vascular tissue. In the present study, we examined whether knockdown of MRP5 in pial arterioles [via antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) applications] affected nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP-induced dilations. The antisense or (as a control) missense ODN was applied to the cortical surface ∼24 h before study via closed cranial windows. The efficacy of the antisense vs. missense ODN in eliciting selective reductions in MRP5 expression was confirmed by analysis of MRP5 mRNA in pial tissue. Unexpectedly, in initial studies, a significantly lower maximal pial arteriolar diameter increase in the presence of the NO donor S-nitrosoacetylpenicillamine (SNAP) was seen in the antisense vs. missense ODN-treated rats (35 vs. 48% diameter increase, respectively). It was suspected that this related to a reduced vascular smooth muscle cell sensitivity to cGMP due to prolonged exposure to increased intracellular cGMP levels elevated by overnight restriction of cGMP efflux. That postulate was supported by a finding of a diminished vasodilating response to the cGMP-dependent protein kinase-activating cGMP analog 8- p-chlorophenylthio-cGMP in antisense vs. missense ODN-treated rats. To prevent desensitization, additional rats were studied in the presence of chronic NOS inhibition via Nω-nitro-l-arginine. In the NO synthase (NOS)-inhibited rats, the maximal SNAP response was much higher in the antisense (62% increase) vs. the missense ODN (40% increase) group. A similar result was obtained when monitoring responses to the soluble guanylyl cyclase-activating drugs YC-1 and BAY 41–2272. Moreover, in the presence of NOS inhibition, the normal SNAP-induced rise in periarachnoid cerebrospinal fluid cGMP levels, which reflects cGMP efflux, was absent in the antisense ODN-treated rats, a finding consistent with loss of MRP5 function. In conclusion, if one minimizes the confounding effects of basal cGMP production, a clearer picture emerges, one that indicates an important role for MRP5-mediated cGMP efflux in the regulation of NO-induced cerebral arteriolar relaxation.
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Veligotskaya, Yuliia, and Alisa Bondarenko Alisa. "ANALYSIS OF THE FORMATION OF INTERMEDIATE RECREATIONAL SPACES OF MEDICAL INSTITUTIONS." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 58 (November 30, 2020): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2020.58.65-67.
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This article the formation of intermediate recreational spaces of medical institutions was studied. The purpose of the publication is to analyze scientific and practical research on the formation of intermediate recreational spaces based on facilities in medical institutions. And also to identify the features of their formation in the design of modern medical institutions.
Analysis of prototypes of intermediate recreational spaces in Europe and the world has shown that they are widely used in medical institutions and are an important recreational component. That is why it is advisable to consider them as a component of modern medical institutions and an important element of healthcare architecture.
The analysis of the analogues allowed us to note that intermediate recreational spaces in modern medical institutions play a major role and performs important functions. Such functions as: recreational; ecological; economic; social; aesthetic; health; cultural; distributive.
The features of the formation of these elements were identified, on the basis of which the general functions of the formation of the considered spaces were identified. Based on this, the general means of their formation were determined and the main groups of structure-forming elements were identified, including the means of landscape design. The general elements of the formation of intermediate recreational spaces in medical institutions were identified:
- head ones - with an active degree of pastime and a large area of space of a medical institution: reception halls, terraces and green roofs, patios, atriums, passage and winter intermediate spaces;
- minor - of an average degree of saturation of pastime and an average area of the space of a medical institution (terraces, verandas, reception rooms, galleries, special chambers, spaces and corridors for waiting)
- additional - with a minimum degree of pastime and a minimum area of hospital space, such as balconies, loggias, bay windows, ramps, ramps.
The identified elements can be located both in the external and in the internal space of medical institutions, thereby forming not only the environment for pastime, but the planning and architectural-compositional structure of the object itself.
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Wu, Yuwei, Peng Feng, Yi Ding, TianQiao Liu, and Xiao Zhang. "Durability evaluation of pultruded GFRP bay window structures." Composite Structures 277 (December 2021): 114612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114612.
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Budiarjo, Hardman, Darwin Yuwono Riyanto, and Ixsora Gupita Cinantya. "Pengaruh Fungsi, Ukuran, dan Bentuk Jendela Kemasan serta Model Lipatan Kemasan terhadap Perilaku Pembelian." ANDHARUPA: Jurnal Desain Komunikasi Visual & Multimedia 3, no. 01 (February 28, 2017): 17–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/andharupa.v3i01.1314.
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AbstrakPenelitian ini dilakukan untuk memperoleh temuan tentang pentingnya fungsi, ukuran, dan bentuk jendela kemasan, serta model lipatan kemasan dalam mempengaruhi perilaku pembelian. Obyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah kemasan J.Pops baby dan kemasan Holland Bakery. Pemilihan obyek penelitian ini karena representatif terhadap desain kemasan yang merupakan inti dalam keilmuan desain produk kemasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui survey. Sedangkan teknik analisisnya menggunakan teknik analisis data Regresi Linear. Responden yang menjadi rujukan, berdomisili di Sidoarjo dan Surabaya dengan jumlah 106 konsumen. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa fungsi jendela kemasan memiliki pengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku pembelian. Sedangkan ukuran jendela kemasan, bentuk jendela kemasan, dan model lipatan kemasan tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap perilaku pembelian. Temuan ini memberikan masukan kepada desainer yang bergerak di bidang kreatif kemasan untuk lebih memfokuskan pada fungsi jendela kemasan dari pada bentuk dan ukuran jendela kemasan, serta bentuk lipatan kemasan. Kata Kunci: Jendela kemasan, Model lipatan, Perilaku pembelian AbstractThis research was conducted to identify the importance of the function, size, and shape of the picture window and Packaging Folding Model that influencing buying behavior. Object of this research are J.Pops packaging and baby Holland Bakery packaging. This research uses a quantitative approach to data collection through surveys and data analysis using linear regression techniques. This research was conducted by 106 consumers domiciled in Sidoarjo and Surabaya. This research proves that only the window function packaging that has a positive and significant influence to the buying behavior. While the size of the packaging window, window shapes packaging and packaging folds models do not have an influence to the purchasing behavior. It advise designer who engaged in the field of creative packaging to focus more on function rather than shape and size of the windows packaging packaging folded models. Keywords: Window Packaging, Folding Model, Buying behavior
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Yashima, Masafumi, Masaaki Yamagishi, and Hitoshi Yaku. "Long-Term Results of Bay Window Technique for Coronary Translocation in the Arterial Switch Operation." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 10, no. 2 (March 2019): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135118817302.
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Background: Accurate coronary translocation is very important for a successful arterial switch operation (ASO) for transposition of the great arteries (TGA) and to provide good long-term outcomes. We have previously reported the “bay window” technique as a useful option for coronary translocation with excellent midterm results. However, the long-term results of this technique and the morphological changes in the coronary channel have not yet been reported. Patients and Methods: Between September 2001 and December 2012, 33 patients with TGA underwent coronary translocation using the bay window technique concomitantly with ASO. The diagnoses were TGA with intact ventricular septum in 21, TGA with ventricular septal defect in 7, and Taussig-Bing anomaly in 5. The median age of the patients at operation was 12 days, and their median body weight was 2.93 kg. Coronary artery patterns were as follows: Shaher and Puddu’s type 1 in 23, single coronary artery in 4, intramural type in 1, and others in 5. Results: The median follow-up period was 4.5 years. There were no operative deaths, but there was one late death because of sepsis 13 months after ASO. Coronary artery evaluation with angiography, computed tomography, or myocardial scintigraphy was performed in 22 patients. There was no abnormal coronary morphology or perfusion. Coronary channel dilatation was not observed. Three patients underwent reoperation for pulmonary stenosis. Conclusions: The bay window technique provides excellent long-term results in ASO for TGA. Three-dimensional computed tomography revealed no aneurysmal changes in the bay window channel at nine-year follow-up examination.
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Woodman, Ross G. "BEHIND THE BAY WINDOW: GERALD PARKER'S THE EAGLE AND THE LION." Canadian Review of American Studies 18, no. 4 (December 1987): 495–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cras-018-04-03.
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Ratain, Mark J. "Bar the Windows but Open the Door to Randomization." Journal of Clinical Oncology 28, no. 19 (July 1, 2010): 3104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2010.29.3787.
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Smadych, Ivan, and Viktoriya Kapelist. "BORDER SPACE OF A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING AS AN ELEMENT OF SOCIOPSYCHOLOGICAL COMFORT OF PEOPLE: FEATURES OF FORMATION, CHARACTERISTICS, SIGNS." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 60 (April 26, 2021): 152–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.60.152-165.
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In this publication, a study of the border space of the city is carried out as a conditional zone of direct contact of various social groups near multi-storey residential buildings. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign scientific works on this topic, the characteristic features of the terms socially active boundary space and the space of the courtyard are clarified, general and distinctive features of their identification on the territory are highlighted. In accordance with the analysis of scientific works on this topic, the structure of the city's border spaces has been adjusted, which includes the following levels:
macrolevel of the placement of border spaces in the city;
meso-level geometrical and functional characteristics of boundary spaces;
micro-level of the structure of the boundary space in the context of social activity.
By analyzing the world and domestic experience of designing socially active boundary spaces, the hierarchy of their structural elements is highlighted. The main types of border spaces of the city are public, private and mixed border spaces. For example, the primary elements of the formation of any boundary space are the building itself, the street space and the inner courtyard space, which can be characterized by functional and geometric indicators. In the structure of the public boundary space, the planning and volumetric-spatial structure of the house and belonging to the transit or communicative component of the street space are distinguished. In a private and mixed boundary space, the second macro-level includes the spatial division of the courtyard into a buffer, transit and communication function. The last hierarchical level of this model is the level of structural elements that provide social activity in boundary spaces. At the planning level of the building, this is an exploited roof, a developed entrance group of elements, a system of the first floors of a residential building outside the main volume. At the level of volumetric-spatial solutions, the social activity of the boundary spaces is provided by interesting solutions of facades, low or medium storeys, the arrangement of loggias and balconies. In private border spaces at this level, such elements are niches and bay windows, terraced facades, and others. This model, due to the presence of many means of increasing social activity in the border spaces of a residential building, allows one to continue research on the allocation of architectural and spatial techniques for the implementation of projects of socially active border spaces of the city.
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Kribus, A., P. Doron, R. Rubin, R. Reuven, E. Taragan, S. Duchan, and J. Karni. "Performance of the Directly-Irradiated Annular Pressurized Receiver (DIAPR) Operating at 20 Bar and 1,200°C." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 123, no. 1 (November 1, 2000): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1345844.
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The Directly Irradiated Annular Pressurized Receiver (DIAPR) is a volumetric (directly-irradiated) windowed cavity receiver, designed for operation at a pressure of 10–30 bar, exit gas temperature of up to 1,300°C, and aperture radiation flux of up to 10 MW/m2. This paper presents test results obtained under various irradiation conditions and flow rates. Inlet aperture flux was up to 5 MW/m2; exit air temperatures of up to 1,200°C were obtained, while operating at pressures of 17–20 bar. Estimated receiver efficiency in these tests was in the range of 0.7–0.9. The absorber and window temperatures were 200-400°C below the permitted maximum, indicating that higher air exit temperatures are possible.
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Adas, A. A. "Wooden Bay Window (Rowshan) Conservation in Saudi-Hejazi Heritage Buildings." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W2 (July 18, 2013): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w2-7-2013.
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Zhang, Dai Yu. "Time Resolved Emission from Shocked Sapphire at 1.3 Mega-Bar." Applied Mechanics and Materials 723 (January 2015): 769–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.723.769.
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A pyrometer experiment was performed using the dynamic high pressure method; it shows that obvious emission phenomenon had been generated in the shocked sapphire windows. Shock stress in the sapphire was 1.3 Mega-bar. Recorded emission signal with nanosecond resolution at 850nm wavelength reveals nonlinear increase character. A time resolved absorption coefficient α (t) was taken to fit the radiance curve. The value of α (t) indicates that shock induced shear banding could be regarded as the emission source, seems increasing after the shockwave arriving in the sapphire windows.
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Johnson, Eugene J. "A Window in the Venetian Mint and the Libreria di San Marco." Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 69, no. 2 (June 1, 2010): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jsah.2010.69.2.190.
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The lively, decades-long scholarly debate about the length that Jacopo Sansovino originally planned for his Libreria di San Marco in Venice (begun 1537) is the subject of A Window in the Venetian Mint and the Libreria di San Marco. Did Sansovino intend the building to have seventeen bays, or the present twenty-one? The question is important, because the Libreria plays a crucial role in the city's famous central urban space, Piazza San Marco. Eugene J. Johnson brings new evidence to the discussion, having discovered inside the Libreria a walled-up window that once opened into the east wall of the Sansovino's contemporaneous Venetian Mint, or Zecca. The window offers an opportunity to reconsider the arguments, and Johnson concludes that Sansovino had envisioned the longer, twenty-one bay building from the outset.
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Kemao, Qian, and Seah Hock Soon. "A Simple Phase Unwrapping Approach Based on Filtering by Windowed Fourier Transform (II)." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 67–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.67.
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Phase unwrapping is an important and challenging process in optical interferometry. Difficulties in phase unwrapping are usually caused by either noise (“bad” pixels) or invalid areas (“bad” regions). If the “bad” pixels can be removed, the problems due to the noise are solved. Further, if the “bad” regions can be identified, they can be avoided in phase unwrapping. In our previous work the noise can be successfully removed using a windowed Fourier transform [Optics and Lasers Technology, 37:458-462 (2005)]. In this paper we will show that the invalid areas can be identified by the same windowed Fourier transform. Thus a single windowed Fourier transform is able to process both “bad” pixels and “bad” regions simultaneously, which makes the phase unwrapping simple and effective.
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Mahadevan, Chalam, Shiraz Kareem, Vikram Jitendra, Natarajan Sivakadaksham, and MP Naresh Kumar. "Pulmonary Origin of Circumflex Artery in Aortopulmonary Window." Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals 11, no. 1 (March 2003): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/021849230301100121.
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An aortopulmonary window associated with an anomalous left circumflex coronary artery arising from the adjoining pulmonary sinus in a 4-kg baby boy was successfully repaired by re-routing with a pericardial patch.
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Arteta, Carlos, Mark Carey, Ricardo Correa, and Jason Kotter. "Revenge of the Steamroller: ABCP as a Window on Risk Choices*." Review of Finance 24, no. 3 (September 3, 2019): 497–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rof/rfz017.
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Abstract We use credit-arbitrage asset-backed commercial paper vehicles as a laboratory to empirically examine financial institutions’ motivations to take bad-tail systematic risk. By comparing the characteristics of global banks that sponsored credit-arbitrage vehicles prior to the global financial crisis to those that did not, we show that owner–manager agency problems, government safety nets, and government ownership of banks are associated with bad-tail systematic risk-taking. Although good governance is associated with less risk-taking on average, well-governed banks that also have a high ex ante expectation of being bailed out by the government take more risk. Lastly, we find mixed evidence that tougher bank capital regulation deters bad-tail risk-taking.
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SCHWARZHANS, WERNER, and JØRGEN G. NIELSEN. "A new species of the Genus Microbrotula (Teleostei: Bythitidae) from Cenderawasih Bay, New Guinea, Indonesia." Zootaxa 3583, no. 1 (December 13, 2012): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3583.1.5.
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Following the recent revision of Microbrotula (Schwarzhans & Nielsen, 2011), an additional nine specimens of the vivi-parous genus Microbrotula (Teleostei: Bythitidae), all caught in the Cenderawasih Bay, Irian Jaya, New Guinea, Indone-sia, were made available to us. These specimens represent a new species described here as M. geraldalleni. It belongs tothe group of species with 6 caudal and 14 pectoral fin rays and is closest to M. greenfieldi, differing in the higher dorsaland anal fin ray counts (68–73 and 61–65 vs. 62–70 and 58–61, respectively), the presence of 3 posterior mandibular pores(vs. none), 2–3 preopercular pores (vs. none), a connected squamation over the head including cheek, opercle and occiput(vs. 3 separated scale patches) and with a unique scale-less triangular window just above the opercle. Microbrotula geraldalleni may be endemic to the Cenderawasih Bay.
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Shabbir, Saima, Masooma Zahid, Aamna Qazi, and Syed Muneeb Younus. "ORAL HYGIENE AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN." Professional Medical Journal 22, no. 01 (January 10, 2015): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2015.22.01.1418.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: To define the self-reported oral health knowledge, attitudes and oralhygiene habits, among pregnant women getting antenatal care at Kulsoom Bai Valika HospitalKarachi. Method and Material: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conductedat the KVSS Site Hospital antenatal clinic during the period January - June 2013. The data wasanalyzed using the SPSS for Windows (version 16.0; SPSS Inc. Chicago. IL) statistical softwarepackage and was validated visually. Result: Most of the respondents revealed a reasonablelevel of oral health knowledge and positive attitudes towards oral health. However, there weregaps in the oral health knowledge of the women surveyed. The relationship between the levelof oral health knowledge and ethnicity (p=0.856), level of education (p=0.079), age category(p= 0.166), and trimester of pregnancy (p=0.219) were not statistically significant. In addition,the women’s knowledge and attitude towards oral health was not reflected in their oral hygienepractices. Conclusions: There is a need to provide oral health education for pregnant womenduring antenatal care in order to highlight the significance of good oral health in achieving goodhealth for both the mother and her baby.
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van Gestel, Nicole A. P., Floor Gabriels, Jan A. P. Geurts, Dennis J. W. Hulsen, Caroline E. Wyers, Joop P. van de Bergh, Keita Ito, Sandra Hofmann, Jacobus J. Arts, and Bert van Rietbergen. "The Implantation of Bioactive Glass Granules Can Contribute the Load-Bearing Capacity of Bones Weakened by Large Cortical Defects." Materials 12, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 3481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12213481.
Full textAbstract:
Bioactive glass (BAG) granules (S53P4) have shown good clinical results in one-stage treatment of osteomyelitis. During this treatment, a cortical window is created, and infected bone is debrided, which results in large defects that affect the mechanical properties of the bone. This study aimed to evaluate the role of BAG granules in load-bearing bone defect grafting. First, the influence of the geometry of the cortical window on the bone bending stiffness and estimated failure moments was evaluated using micro finite element analysis (µFE). This resulted in significant differences between the variations in width and length. In addition, µFE analysis showed that BAG granules contribute to bearing loads in simulated compression of a tibia with a defect grafted with BAG and a BAG and bone morsel mixture. These mixtures potentially can unload the cortical bone that is weakened by a large defect directly after the operation by up to approximately 25%, but only in case of optimal load transfer through the mixture.