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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bayesian phylogenetic analysis'

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1

Ho, Pangus. "Analysis of word-order universals using Bayesian phylogenetic inference." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/77015.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2012.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-66).<br>This thesis examines the novel approach by Dunn et al. (2011) that employs the Bayesian phylogenetic inference to compute the Bayes Factors that determine whether the evolutions of a set of word-order traits in four language families are correlated or independent. In the first part of the thesis, the phylogenetic trees of the Indo-European and Bantu language families are reconstructed
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2

Lindkvist, Maria. "A Phylogenetic Appraisal of Pachycormus bollensis: Implications for Pachycormiform Evolution." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-177374.

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The Pachycormiformes were a successful group of stem-teleosts. Although they persisted for more than 100 million years in the Mesozoic seas and occupied a significant space of the ecosystem, little is known about this most diverse group. One of the earliest pachycormiformes is the lower Jurassic Pachycormus bollensis. A reconstruction of the phylogeny with the early P. bollensis together with more derived and earlier studied species has yielded important information about the relationships within the group. Both a parsimony analysis and a Bayesian analysis were performed. Three exceptionally c
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3

Nyberg, Kruys Åsa. "Phylogenetic relationships and species richness of coprophilous ascomycetes." Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Ecology and Environmental Science, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-625.

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<p>Coprophilous ascomycetes are a diverse group of saprobes, of which many belong to three families, Delitschiaceae, Phaeotrichaceae and Sporormiaceae, within the large order Pleosporales. The natural relationships and circumscription of these families are unclear, especially within the family Sporormiaceae, where the generic delimitation have been questioned. There is also a need to understand how different ecological processes affect species richness and occurrence of coprophilous ascomycetes in general. The aim of this thesis was therefore to test earlier classifications of coprophilous tax
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4

Hwang, Dick G. "Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo phylogenetic analysis of mammalian evolution reveals varying substitution patterns along the sequence and across lineages /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10294.

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5

Sawtell, Wayne MacLeod. "A Systematic Revision of the Carex Nardina Complex (Cyperaceae)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23134.

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The Carex nardina complex is a group of one to three species (C. nardina, C. hepburnii, C. stantonensis) and six taxa of unispicate sedges (Cyperaceae), the taxonomy of which has been controversial since the 1800s. As initial DNA phylogenies suggested that the complex was nested within Carex section Filifoliae and sister to C. elynoides, a species often confused with C. nardina and sympatric with it in the western North American Cordillera, analyses were conducted to determine whether C. hepburnii, C. stantonensis and other infraspecific taxa could be the result of hybridization. Morphometric
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6

Tsuji, Linda Akiko. "Evolution, morphology and paleobiology of the pareiasauria and their relatives." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16266.

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Parareptilien stellen ein artenreiches Monophylum paläozoischer und früh-mesozoischer Amnioten dar; sie bilden innerhalb der Reptilien die Schwestergruppe zu den Eureptilien. Pareiasaurier, eine Untergruppe der Parareptilien, sind eine bedeutende Komponente spät-permischer …kosysteme. Jüngst wurde ein Schwestergruppenverhältnis zu den Nycyeroletern entdeckt, mit welchen sie die "Pareiasauromorpha" bilden. Diese Arbeit befasst sich mit der Beschreibung einiger dieser bisher schlecht untersuchten Parareptilien und deren Verwandtschaftsverhältnisse.Der Pareiasaurier Deltavjatia vjatkensis und der
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7

Aagaard, Sunniva Margrethe Due. "Reticulate Evolution in Diphasiastrum (Lycopodiaceae)." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-99584.

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8

Pedron, Marcelo. "Estudos biossistemáticos em espécies de Habenaria (Orchidaceae) nativas no Rio Grande do Sul." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/115622.

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Habenaria é um dos maiores gêneros da família Orchidaceae, e estimativas atuais pressupoem a existência de aproximadamente 835 espécies. Habenaria seção Pentadactylae com 34 espécies é a maior entre as 14 seções do gênero existente no novo mundo e compreende um conjunto de espécies morfologicamente bastante heterogênea. A fim de investigar a monofilia da seção e sua relação com outras seções do gênero, foram executadas análise Bayesiana e de Máxima Parcimônia com o emprego de um marcador nuclear (ITS) e três marcadores plastidiais (matK, intron trnK, rps16-trnk). Os resultados demonstraram que
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9

Nylander, Johan A. A. "Bayesian Phylogenetics and the Evolution of Gall Wasps." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3996.

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10

Greni, Susan Elaine. "Análise multigênica e distribuição especial de espécies do Subgrupo Strodei de Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) (Diptera: Culicidae)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6132/tde-05012017-094517/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: O subgrupo Anopheles strodei é pouco estudado apesar de sua importância epidemiológica potencial. Espécies desse subgrupo foram encontradas naturalmente infectadas por parasitos que causam malária em humanos, Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax e Plasmodium malariae, no Brasil. O subgrupo Anopheles strodei compreende oito espécies: An. rondoni (Neiva & Pinto), An. albertoi Unti, An. arthuri Unti, An. strodei Root, An. strodei CP, e três outras espécies que foram propostas por Bourke et al. (2013), mas não foram descritas: An. arthuri B, An. arthuri C e An. arthuri D. OBJ
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11

Duchene, Garzon Sebastian. "Understanding Evolutionary Rate Variation in Viruses." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13482.

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Estimating the rate of molecular evolution over time is crucial for understanding the processes and forces that shape biological diversity. Viruses are particularly interesting because they evolve much more quickly than cellular organisms. For example, the rates of evolution of influenza viruses are up to six orders of magnitude higher than those of mitochondrial DNA in vertebrates. This is one of the main explanations for the large proportion of infectious diseases caused by viruses. Having high rates of evolution allows viruses to evade the immune response of their hosts and to infect differ
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12

Fabillo, Melodina. "Leaf and inflorescence structure and phylogenetics of Tripogon and affiliated genera (Poaceae: Chloridoideae)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/83726/1/Melodina_Fabillo_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis provides new knowledge on an understudied group of grasses, some of which are resurrection grasses (i.e. able to withstand extreme drought). The sole Australian species (Tripogon loliiformis) is morphologically diverse and could be more than one species. This study sought to determine how many species of Tripogon occur in Australia, their relationships to other species in the genus and to two other genera of resurrection grasses (Eragrostiella and Oropetium). Results of the research indicate there is not enough evidence, from DNA sequence data, to warrant splitting up T. loliiform
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13

Juswara, Lina S. "Phylogenetic Analyses of subtribe Goodyerinae and Revision of Goodyera section Goodyera (Orchidaceae) from Indonesia, and Fungal Association of Goodyera section Goodyera." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1275490522.

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14

McTaggart, Alistair Ross. "Systematics of the Ustilago-Sporisorium-Macalpinomyces complex of smut fungi." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/47047/1/Alistair_McTaggart_Thesis.pdf.

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Smut fungi are important pathogens of grasses, including the cultivated crops maize, sorghum and sugarcane. Typically, smut fungi infect the inflorescence of their host plants. Three genera of smut fungi (Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces) form a complex with overlapping morphological characters, making species placement problematic. For example, the newly described Macalpinomyces mackinlayi possesses a combination of morphological characters such that it cannot be unambiguously accommodated in any of the three genera. Previous attempts to define Ustilago, Sporisorium and Macalpinomyces
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15

Herman, Joseph L. "Multiple sequence analysis in the presence of alignment uncertainty." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:88a56d9f-a96e-48e3-b8dc-a73f3efc8472.

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Sequence alignment is one of the most intensely studied problems in bioinformatics, and is an important step in a wide range of analyses. An issue that has gained much attention in recent years is the fact that downstream analyses are often highly sensitive to the specific choice of alignment. One way to address this is to jointly sample alignments along with other parameters of interest. In order to extend the range of applicability of this approach, the first chapter of this thesis introduces a probabilistic evolutionary model for protein structures on a phylogenetic tree; since protein stru
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16

Brown, Jeremy Matthew. "Improving the accuracy and realism of Bayesian phylogenetic analyses." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/6567.

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Central to the study of Life is knowledge both about the underlying relationships among living things and the processes that have molded them into their diverse forms. Phylogenetics provides a powerful toolkit for investigating both aspects. Bayesian phylogenetics has gained much popularity, due to its readily interpretable notion of probability. However, the posterior probability of a phylogeny, as well as any dependent biological inferences, is conditioned on the assumed model of evolution and its priors, necessitating care in model formulation. In Chapter 1, I outline the Bayesian perspecti
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17

CELLA, ELEONORA. "Multi-drug resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae strains circulating in hospital setting: wholegenome sequencing and Bayesian phylogenetic analysis for outbreak investigations." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1106372.

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Carbapenems resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections are increasing worldwide representing an emerging public health problem. The application of phylogenetic and phylodynamic analyses to bacterial whole genome sequencing (WGS) data have become essential in the epidemiological surveillance of multi-drug resistant nosocomial pathogens. In this study, K. pneumoniae KPC strains circulating within different wards of the University Hospital Campus Bio-Medico were collected and WGS applied. These applications could help in the epidemiological surveillance of MDR pathogens to discern outbreak from non
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18

Scarpino, Samuel Vincent. "Applying mathematical and statistical methods to the investigation of complex biological questions." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/25994.

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The research presented in this dissertation integrates data and theory to examine three important topics in biology. In the first chapter, I investigate genetic variation at two loci involved in a genetic incompatibility in the genus Xiphophorus. In this genus, hybrids develop a fatal melanoma due to the interaction of an oncogene and its repressor. Using the genetic variation data from each locus, I fit evolutionary models to test for coevolution between the oncogene and the repressor. The results of this study suggest that the evolutionary trajectory of a microsatellite element in the proxim
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19

Lambert, François. "Caractérisation et délimitation des sous-espèces de Gesneria viridiflora (Gesneriaceae) dans les Antilles." Thèse, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/15899.

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Une taxonomie révisée et une connaissance des limites d’espèces demeurent toujours importantes dans les points chauds en biodiversité comme les Antilles où de nombreuses espèces endémiques sont retrouvées. Des limites d’espèces divergentes impliquent un différent nombre d’espèces retrouvées dans un écosystème, ce qui peut exercer une influence sur les décisions prises face aux enjeux de conservation. Les genres Gesneria et Rhytidophyllum qui forment les principaux représentants de la famille des Gesneriaceae dans les Antilles comprennent plusieurs taxons aux limites d’espèces ambigües et quelq
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