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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Baylen'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Baylet, Alexandre. "Oxydation du méthane à basse et haute température, application de procédés plasma et/ou catalyse." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.univ-poitiers.fr/26682/2008-Baylet-Alexandre-These.pdf.

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Les travaux de recherche de cette thèse concernent les problèmes liés à l’oxydation du CH4, gaz à effet de serre notoire provenant dans le cas présent du transport routier, et plus précisément l’élimination du CH4 issu des gaz d’échappement des moteurs de type Diesel. L’oxydation totale du CH4 a été étudiée : - A basse température par procédé Plasma/Catalyse : de tous les systèmes testés, la combinaison d’un système plasma froid de type DBD coaxial associé à un catalyseur Pd/Al2O3 en position POSTplasma permet l’oxydation de 30 % du CH4 avec une énergie déposée de 225 J. L-1 (Q=600 mL. Min-1, N2/O2/CO2/H2O/0,5%CH4, T=250 °C, H=150 mm) tout en minimisant la production de O3 et en ne générant pas de NOx. Cependant, les puissances consommées (> kW) sont trop importantes pour une éventuelle application sur véhicules. - A basse température sur catalyseurs Pd/Al2O3 (température de light-off) : L’étape de ré-oxydation de Pd° est plus rapide sur des petites particules mais l’activation du CH4 y est plus difficile en raison d’une stabilisation plus importante des petites particules de PdO par le support. Une série de pulses réducteurs (CH4 ou C3H6) en conditions isothermes permet d’activer le catalyseur et d’atteindre un maximum de conversion. - A haute température sur catalyseurs Pd/(oxyde modifié) (pics haute température) : la synthèse d’une alumine dopée (La, Sr, Ba, Mn) avec une surface spécifique de l’ordre de 50 m2. G-1 permet d’atteindre des taux de conversion de 90 % du CH4 à 700 °C tout en maintenant une excellente stabilité thermique. Un mécanisme redox de type Mars et van-Krevelen, avec transfert de l’oxygène du support vers les particules de palladium est proposé pour expliquer les différences en termes d’activité catalytique et de stabilité thermique en comparaison au catalyseur de référence Pd/Al2O3
This research work deals with CH4 oxidation coming from road transport, CH4 being a well-known greenhouse gas, with CH4 removal from exhaust gas of Diesel engine. Total CH4 oxidation has been studied : - At low temperature by Plasma/Catalysis process : from all the systems tested, the combination of a coaxial DBD non-thermal plasma combined with Pd/Al2O3 catalyst in POST-plasma position allows to convert 30 % of CH4 with an energy of 225 J. L-1 (Q=600 mL. Min-1, N2/O2/CO2/H2O/0. 5%CH4, T=250 °C, H=150 mm) while minimising O3 production and avoiding NOx production. However, the power consumed (> kW) is too significant for prospective vehicle applications. - At low temperature on Pd/Al2O3 catalysts (light-off temperature) : the re-oxidation step of Pd° is faster on small particles but CH4 activation is more difficult due to stabilization of small PdO particles by the support. A series of reductant pulses (CH4 or C3H6) in isothermal conditions allows to activate the catalyst and to reach a maximum of conversion. - At high temperature on Pd/(modified oxide) catalysts (peak at high temperature) : (La, Sr, Ba, Mn) doped alumina preparation with a specific surface area of 50 m2. G-1 allows to reach 90 % of CH4 conversion at 700 °C and to maintain an excellent thermal stability. A Mars and van-Krevelen mechanism, with oxygen transfer from support to palladium particles is proposed in order to explain catalytic activity and thermal stability differences in comparison to the Pd/Al2O3 reference catalyst
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2

Bhatta, Dilli. "A Bayesian Test of Independence for Two-way Contingency Tables Under Cluster Sampling." Digital WPI, 2013. https://digitalcommons.wpi.edu/etd-dissertations/128.

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We consider a Bayesian approach to the study of independence in a two-way contingency table obtained from a two-stage cluster sampling design. We study the association between two categorical variables when (a) there are no covariates and (b) there are covariates at both unit and cluster levels. Our main idea for the Bayesian test of independence is to convert the cluster sample into an equivalent simple random sample which provides a surrogate of the original sample. Then, this surrogate sample is used to compute the Bayes factor to make an inference about independence. For the test of independence without covariates, the Rao-Scott corrections to the standard chi-squared (or likelihood ratio) statistic were developed. They are ``large sample' methods and provide appropriate inference when there are large cell counts. However, they are less successful when there are small cell counts. We have developed the methodology to overcome the limitations of Rao-Scott correction. We have used a hierarchical Bayesian model to convert the observed cluster samples to simple random samples. This provides the surrogate samples which can be used to derive the distribution of the Bayes factor to make an inference about independence. We have used a sampling-based method to fit the model. For the test of independence with covariates, we first convert the cluster sample with covariates to a cluster sample without covariates. We use multinomial logistic regression model with random effects to accommodate the cluster effects. Our idea is to fit the cluster samples to the random effect models and predict the new samples by adjusting with the covariates. This provides the cluster sample without covariates. We then use a hierarchical Bayesian model to convert this cluster sample to a simple random sample which allows us to calculate the Bayes factor to make an inference about independence. We use Markov chain Monte Carlo methods to fit our models. We apply our first method to the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (1995) for third grade U.S. students in which we study the association between the mathematics test scores and the communities the students come from, and science test scores and the communities the students come from. We also provide a simulation study which establishes our methodology as a viable alternative to the Rao-Scott approximations for relatively small two-stage cluster samples. We apply our second method to the data from the Trend in International Mathematics and Science Study (2007) for fourth grade U.S. students to assess the association between the mathematics and science scores represented as categorical variables and also provide the simulation study. The result shows that if there is strong association between two categorical variables, there is no difference between the significance of the test in using the model (a) with covariates and (b) without covariates. However, in simulation studies, there is a noticeable difference in the significance of the test between the two models when there are borderline cases (i.e., situations where there is marginal significance).
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3

Jäger, Theo. "Pierre Bayles Philosophie in der "Réponse aux questions d'un provincial" /." Marburg : Tectum Verl, 2004. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39155723m.

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4

Stricker, Nicola. "Die maskierte Theologie von Pierre Bayle /." Berlin : W. de Gruyter, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb399005027.

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5

Brahami, Frédéric. "Anthropologie sceptique : montaigne, bayle et hume." Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100112.

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L'objet de ce travail consiste a cerner l'identite d'un espace theorique constitue par les oeuvres de montaigne, de bayle et de hume. Ces trois penseurs forment une tradition sceptique dans laquelle les principes et les concepts convoques permettent et requierent la constitution d'une anthropologie. La premiere partie, qui veut decrire + l'emergence de la croyance ;, cherche a legitimer le fait meme de cette tradition, en distinguant le scepticisme moderne de l'ancien. Cette distinction procede de la theologie, et plus precisement des apories conceptuelles inherentes a la notion de dieu. Le scepticisme inaugure par montaigne et continue par bayle et hume met en avant le fait de la croyance, comme realite psychologique irreductible a l'opinion, au savoir et a la foi. Dans une deuxieme partie c'est + l'oeuvre de la croyance ; qui est analysee. La force de la croyance resulte de ce que l'esprit n'est pas considere par montaigne, bayle et hume comme un contenant dont les idees seraient le contenu. Il est un reseau de forces dans lequel les representations sont d'abord des affects. L'apport fondamental de montaigne, bayle et hume a la theorie de la connaissance reside dans ce rabattement du representatif sur l'affectif, qui correspond a la destitution de la raison comme principe. Cette critique de la raison aboutit a la naturalisation de l'homme en son entier, ce qui est la condition fondamentale pour qu'une anthropologie se constitue ; et meme cette naturalisation requiert la constitution d'une anthropologie
The purpose of this work is to define a theoretical field spanning the works of montaigne, of bayle and hume. These three thinkers make up a sceptic tradition in which the principles and concepts that are brought forward allow and require the constitution of an anthropology. The first part, whose subject is + the emergence of belief ;, aims at legitimating this tradition by making a distinction between modern scepticism and ancient scepticism. This distinction comes from theology, and more precisely from the theoretical difficulties linked to the notion of god. The scepticism which montaigne gave rise to, and which bayle and hume continued, puts forward belief as a psychological reality that is irreducible to opinion, to knowledge and to faith. The second part analyses + the work of belief ;. The strength of belief is the result of the fact that the mind is not considered by montaigne, bayle and hume as a container whose ideas make up the contents. It is a network of forces in which representations are first and foremost affects. The fundamental contribution of montaigne, bayle and hume to the theory of knowledge consists of this quasi-identification of the representations with the affects, which heralds the dismissal of reason as a principle. This criticism of reason leads to the naturalization of man which is the fundamental condition for an anthropology to emerge, and even this naturalization requires the constitution of an anthropology
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6

Alves, Primo Marcelo de Sant'Anna. "O ateísmo na filosofia de Pierre Bayle." Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia da UFBA, 2008. http://www.repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/11483.

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Em sua obra De la tolérance: commentaire philosophique sur ces paroles de Jésus-Christ Contrains-les d’entrer de Pierre Bayle se opõe ao modo e às conseqüências práticas da leitura literal da Bíblia proporcionadas por Santo Agostinho, tomando como ponto de partida a análise de um trecho específico da Escritura – Lucas 14;23. Bayle justifica a sua crítica ao Bispo de Hipona sobre dois pilares: 1o) manifestando o intuito de apoiar a sua reflexão em um panorama que sobreponha os obstáculos particularmente confessionais, operando por meio da razão; 2o) a análise do contexto histórico cristão no qual a questão da perseguição religiosa é suscetível de um conjunto de considerações acerca da natureza do verdadeiro cristianismo e o autêntico espírito do Evangelho. Nessa direção, Bayle passa para um segundo movimento da sua reflexão, questionando-se se é legítimo forçar as consciências alheias em nome de uma suposta verdade religiosa. De tal indagação, o filósofo francês reclama os direitos da consciência errante e erige o postulado da liberdade de consciência, transformando este em um instrumento crítico o qual tanto afasta o homem do fanatismo como tem por imperativo o mais profundo respeito às consciências de outrem, devendo ser inabalável. A amplitude dada por Bayle a esse postulado o permite a tecer suas considerações sobre o ateísmo. Tema principal dos seus Pensées diverses sur la comète, aí o filósofo, a partir de sua crítica à opinião supersticiosa de que os cometas são avisos da ira divina, discorre e sugere a viabilidade de uma sociedade de ateus como não corruptora dos costumes e podendo viver sob os auspícios da moral. Da crítica destinada ao público ortodoxo de sua época, Bayle refletirá sobre uma moral atéia a qual, não tendo seu código calcado em mandamentos doutrinários, seu maior apreço será pela explicação das coisas naturais por elas próprias e pela virtude em si mesma. Se a religião dá a sua contribuição para fortalecer as relações sociais, todavia, está longe de ser indispensável.
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7

Rabl, Stephanie. "Wildvogelmonitoring in Bayern." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-113943.

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8

Schutkin, Andreas. "Die berufliche Positionierung ausländischer Erwerbspersonen in Bayern zu den Auswirkungen der Arbeitsmigration in der Zeit von 1955-1973 auf die heutigen Arbeitsmarktstrukturen /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=961250909.

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9

Lieshout, Helena Henrica Maria van. "Van boek tot bibliotheek : de wordingsgeschiedenis van de "Dictionaire historique et critique" van Pierre Bayle (1689-1706) /." Grave : [S. n.], 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388208087.

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10

Bost, Hubert. "Un "intellectuel" avant la lettre, le journaliste Pierre Bayle, 1647-1706 : l'actualité religieuse dans les Nouvelles de la République des lettres, 1684-1706 /." Amsterdam : APA-Holland university press, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb356898720.

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11

Amann, Freya. "„Hie Bayern, hie Preußen“?" Diss., Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-155787.

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12

Fischer, Benjamin Eliazar. "Bayle's Theory of Toleration." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/philosophy_theses/92.

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This paper gives an overview of Pierre Bayle’s theory of toleration and derives a normative principle of toleration from it that is meant to compete with other normative principles of toleration such as the Harm principle.
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13

Elend, D. L. "Asymmetric Baylis-Hillman products." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249263.

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14

Weiss, Rainer-Maria. "Prähistorische Brandopferplätze in Bayern /." Espelkamp : M. Leidorf, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb391999249.

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15

Schaffner, Stefan. "Realisierung von Holzvorräten im Kleinprivatwald Typen von Kleinprivatwaldbesitzern und deren Verhalten bezüglich Waldbewirtschaftung und Nutzungsaufkommen /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962791520.

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16

Vogel, Andrea. "Diatomeenaufwuchs auf historischen Herbarbelegen als Indikator der ehemaligen Wasserqualität von Fliessgewässern." [S.l. : s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972205144.

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17

Hardi, Markus. "Methodenentwicklung für nachhaltige Energie- und Emissionsminderungsstrategien auf der Grundlage von Lebenszyklusanalysen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970044941.

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18

Franz, Rainer. "Bestimmungsgründe der Verbraucherverunsicherung und Ansatzpunkte zur Vertrauensbildung durch ökologisch und regional erzeugte Lebensmittel." [S.l. : s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=974283584.

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19

Bouchardy, Jean-Jacques. "Nature et "Nature des choses" chez Bayle (1647-1706)." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30060.

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Le mot nature et l'expression "nature des choses", synonyme d'essence, sont en opposition presque constante dans les ecrits de pierre bayle. Une connaissance, meme elementaire, des essences permet -ou permettrait- de juger de la nature ou monde, voire d'en degageyne vision. Cette opposition se retrouve dans d'autres antitheses egalement frequentes chez le meme auteur (esprit-matiere, bien-mal, religion-raison. . . ). Elle rend tout systeme impossible parce qu'elle est insurmontable, mais elle permet, paradoxalement, par sa constance, de percevoir l'unite des preoccupations et de la pensee de bayle
The word nature and the expression "nature of things", synonyme of essence, are alwost always in opposition in pierre bayle's writings. A knowledge, even a "basic one, of essences allows - or would allow - to judge nature or world, even to extract a vision of it. We frequently find this opposition in this author's other anti, thesis (mind- matter, good-evil, religion-reason. . . ). This lead to the impossibility of all systems, because it is insurmountable. But paradoxically, it allows, due to its constancy, to perceive the unity of bayle's preoccupations and thought
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20

Lacoste, Alexandre. "Agnostic Bayes." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25671.

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Tableau d'honneur de la Faculté des études supérieures et postdorales, 2014-2015
L’apprentissage automatique correspond à la science de l’apprentissage à partir d’exemples. Des algorithmes basés sur cette approche sont aujourd’hui omniprésents. Bien qu’il y ait eu un progrès significatif, ce domaine présente des défis importants. Par exemple, simplement sélectionner la fonction qui correspond le mieux aux données observées n’offre aucune garantie statistiques sur les exemples qui n’ont pas encore été observées. Quelques théories sur l’apprentissage automatique offrent des façons d’aborder ce problème. Parmi ceux-ci, nous présentons la modélisation bayésienne de l’apprentissage automatique et l’approche PACbayésienne pour l’apprentissage automatique dans une vue unifiée pour mettre en évidence d’importantes similarités. Le résultat de cette analyse suggère que de considérer les réponses de l’ensemble des modèles plutôt qu’un seul correspond à un des éléments-clés pour obtenir une bonne performance de généralisation. Malheureusement, cette approche vient avec un coût de calcul élevé, et trouver de bonnes approximations est un sujet de recherche actif. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une approche novatrice qui peut être appliquée avec un faible coût de calcul sur un large éventail de configurations d’apprentissage automatique. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous appliquons la théorie de Bayes d’une manière différente de ce qui est conventionnellement fait pour l’apprentissage automatique. Spécifiquement, au lieu de chercher le vrai modèle à l’origine des données observées, nous cherchons le meilleur modèle selon une métrique donnée. Même si cette différence semble subtile, dans cette approche, nous ne faisons pas la supposition que le vrai modèle appartient à l’ensemble de modèles explorés. Par conséquent, nous disons que nous sommes agnostiques. Plusieurs expérimentations montrent un gain de généralisation significatif en utilisant cette approche d’ensemble de modèles durant la phase de validation croisée. De plus, cet algorithme est simple à programmer et n’ajoute pas un coût de calcul significatif à la recherche d’hyperparamètres conventionnels. Finalement, cet outil probabiliste peut également être utilisé comme un test statistique pour évaluer la qualité des algorithmes sur plusieurs ensembles de données d’apprentissage.
Machine learning is the science of learning from examples. Algorithms based on this approach are now ubiquitous. While there has been significant progress, this field presents important challenges. Namely, simply selecting the function that best fits the observed data was shown to have no statistical guarantee on the examples that have not yet been observed. There are a few learning theories that suggest how to address this problem. Among these, we present the Bayesian modeling of machine learning and the PAC-Bayesian approach to machine learning in a unified view to highlight important similarities. The outcome of this analysis suggests that model averaging is one of the key elements to obtain a good generalization performance. Specifically, one should perform predictions based on the outcome of every model instead of simply the one that best fits the observed data. Unfortunately, this approach comes with a high computational cost problem, and finding good approximations is the subject of active research. In this thesis, we present an innovative approach that can be applied with a low computational cost on a wide range of machine learning setups. In order to achieve this, we apply the Bayes’ theory in a different way than what is conventionally done for machine learning. Specifically, instead of searching for the true model at the origin of the observed data, we search for the best model according to a given metric. While the difference seems subtle, in this approach, we do not assume that the true model belongs to the set of explored model. Hence, we say that we are agnostic. An extensive experimental setup shows a significant generalization performance gain when using this model averaging approach during the cross-validation phase. Moreover, this simple algorithm does not add a significant computational cost to the conventional search of hyperparameters. Finally, this probabilistic tool can also be used as a statistical significance test to evaluate the quality of learning algorithms on multiple datasets.
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Erlich, Horst. "Die Kadettenanstalten : Strukturen und Ausgestaltung militärischer Pädagogik im Kurfürstentum Bayern im späteren 18. Jahrhundert /." München : Utz, 2007. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2897586&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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22

Unger, Michael. "Das Bayerische Staatsministerium für Handel, Industrie und Gewerbe Organisation, Personal und Mittelstandspolitik des Wirtschaftsressorts 1919 - 1933." München Beck, 2007. http://d-nb.info/999239767/04.

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Köhler, Markus. "Aufbruch im Musikunterricht : die bayerische Schulmusik in den 1970er-Jahren /." Regensburg : ConBrio, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3153470&prov=M&dok%5Fvar=1&dok%5Fext=htm.

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24

Brunner, Hilmar. "Polizeigesetzgebung im Herzogtum Bayern 1508-1598 /." Thesis, Hamburg : Kovač, 2009. http://d-nb.info/993422845/04.

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Walter, Wolfgang. "Das Duell in Bayern : ein Beitrag zur bayerischen Strafrechtsgeschichte /." Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/332836916.pdf.

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Baylan, Semanur [Verfasser], and Guido [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmitz. "Diffusion assisted synthesis of metal nanotubes / Semanur Baylan ; Betreuer: Guido Schmitz." Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1144955645/34.

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27

Lindner, Brigitte. "Schulische Integration Hörgeschädigter in Bayern." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-79413.

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Steiner, Katrin. "Schulische Integration Hörgeschädigter in Bayern." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-95294.

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Born, Simone. "Schulische Integration Hörgeschädigter in Bayern." Diss., lmu, 2009. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-102045.

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Breisach, Thomas. "Jüdische Universitätsprofessoren im Königreich Bayern /." Neuried : Ars Una, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb388452175.

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31

Scholz, Löhnig Cordula. "Bayerisches Eherecht von 1756 bis 1875 auf dem Weg zur Verweltlichung /." Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/388117265.pdf.

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32

Ehm, Markus. "Die Einkommensteuer in Bayern von 1806 - 1920." Hamburg Kovač, 2009. http://d-nb.info/996716378/04.

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33

Almeida, Maria Cecilia Pedreira de. "O elogio da polifonia: tolerância e política em Pierre Bayle." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8133/tde-20082012-093047/.

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A obra de Pierre Bayle colaborou decisivamente para a formação do discurso filosófico sobre o conceito de tolerância, noção central nas sociedades modernas. Uma das principais teses defendidas por Bayle é que a liberdade de consciência e de opinião deve ser garantida aos indivíduos. A conseqüência é o estabelecimento de uma tolerância irrestrita, que deve se estender a todas as confissões religiosas e até mesmo aos ateus. Paradoxalmente, Bayle afirma a utilidade de um absolutismo político. O soberano tem o dever de elaborar as leis e o súdito tem a obrigação da obediência. Trata-se, portanto, de investigar a teoria política de Pierre Bayle, algo negligenciada pelos comentadores, e, além disso, propor que, na sua reflexão, a ideia da tolerância é motor de sua teoria política, intimamente associada à garantia daquela noção fundamental. Ao investigar a construção e a medida da tolerância em Pierre Bayle, bem como suas implicações especialmente para a política e para o direito, a intenção é mostrar que a obra bayliana contém uma teoria política que não está sistematizada, mas, como quase todos os grandes temas dos escritos de Bayle, disseminada por vários textos. É uma constante a expressão de certas teses de várias formas, a utilização de várias vozes para compor um argumento. A metáfora da tolerância como polifonia, utilizada no Comentário filosófico, pode ser iluminadora e mesmo uma chave para a compreensão de seu pensamento. Apesar da obra de Bayle situar-se em um horizonte clássico, e inserir-se em debates político-teológicos específicos, não se pretende examinar a sua obra como peça de circunstância ou como curiosidade histórica; antes, trata-se de analisar as teses e argumentos em defesa liberdade de consciência, relacioná-las com a sua noção de poder político e, por conseguinte, mostrar a contribuição e importância daquele autor para a história do pensamento político e jurídico, o que permitirá revelar a sua atualidade.
Pierre Bayle\'s work contributed decisively to the development of philosophical discourse concerning the concept of tolerance, a central notion in modern societies. One of Bayles main theses is that freedom of conscience and opinion should be guaranteed to individuals. The consequence is an unrestricted tolerance, which should extend to all faiths and even atheists. Paradoxically, Bayle argues for the utility of political absolutism. The ruler has the duty to establish laws, and the subject the obligation to obey. The aim of this work, therefore, is to investigate the political theory of Pierre Bayle, which has been largely overlooked by commentators. It will also be shown that in its reflection, the idea of tolerance is the driving force behind his political theory, which is closely bound up with the guarantee of this fundamental notion. In examining the theory construction and extent of tolerance in Pierre Bayle, and in particular its implications for politcs and law, I aim to show that his work contains a political theory that is not systematic, but, like almost all the major themes in his writings, is spread across several texts. The use of \"many voices\" to compose an argument is a constant in Bayles writings. The metaphor of tolerance as polyphony that appears in the Commentaire philosophique, can be illuminating and may even hold the key to understanding his thought. Although Bayles writings are located in a classic horizon and engage in specific political-theological debates, my purpose is not to examine his work as a work of circumstance, much less a historical curiosity, but rather to examine his theses and arguments for liberty of conscience and to relate them to the notion of political power. The result will be to demonstrate Bayles important contribution to the history of political and legal thought, which will underscore its continuing relevance.
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Simon, Bruno. "Les Dépêches de Marin Cavalli, Bayle à Constantinople : 1558-1560." Paris, EHESS, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985EHES0132.

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Müller, Birgit Susanne. "Kreditgenossenschaften in Bayern : eine rechtsgeschichtliche Untersuchung der Kreditvergabe, der Kreditsicherung und der Kreditabwicklung von den Anfängen bis 1914 /." Berlin ; Münster : Lit, 2008. http://d-nb.info/991056353/04.

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Sontag, Ralph. "Bayes kontra Spam." Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:swb:ch1-200300827.

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Workshop Mensch-Computer-Vernetzung Derzeitige Spam-Erkennung weist eklatante Mängel auf. Die Zunahme des Spam-Aufkommens erfordet neue Ansätze, um der Plage Herr zu werden. Der Vortrag erläutert, wie mit Hilfe des Satzes von Bayes die Spam-Erkennung deutlich verbessert werden kann.
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Roy, Daniel Murphy. "Clustered Naive Bayes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37075.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-73).
Humans effortlessly use experience from related tasks to improve their performance at novel tasks. In machine learning, we are often confronted with data from "related" tasks and asked to make predictions for a new task. How can we use the related data to make the best prediction possible? In this thesis, I present the Clustered Naive Bayes classifier, a hierarchical extension of the classic Naive Bayes classifier that ties several distinct Naive Bayes classifiers by placing a Dirichlet Process prior over their parameters. A priori, the model assumes that there exists a partitioning of the data sets such that, within each subset, the data sets are identically distributed. I evaluate the resulting model in a meeting domain, developing a system that automatically responds to meeting requests, partially taking on the responsibilities of a human office assistant. The system decides, based on a learned model of the user's behavior, whether to accept or reject the request on his or her behalf. The extended model outperforms the standard Naive Bayes model by using data from other users to influence its predictions.
by Daniel Murphy Roy.
M.Eng.
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Fenn, Monika. "Zwischen Gesinnungs- und Sachbildung : die Relevanz der Kategorie Heimat in Volksschulunterricht und Lehrerbildung in Bayern seit 1945 /." Idstein : Schulz-Kirchner, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3182724&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.

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Murr, Karl Borromäus. "Das Mittelalter in der Moderne die öffentliche Erinnerung an Kaiser Ludwig den Bayern im Königreich Bayern." München Beck, 2004. http://d-nb.info/992001323/04.

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Mboko, Guy Simplice. "Paralysie générale ou maladie de Bayle : à propos de deux observations." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2M207.

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Tissot, Gaël. "Couleur, morphologie et espace dans la musique électroacoustique de François Bayle." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20038.

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François Bayle (né en 1932), compositeur de musique électroacoustique et directeur du Groupe de Recherches Musicales (GRM) de 1966 à 1997, a toujours affirmé son intérêt pour les arts plastiques. Ce constat nous incite à penser qu'il existe une incidence importante des éléments picturaux sur le processus de création, et par conséquent des répercussions majeures sur l'écoute et la perception d'un style particulier au compositeur.Une première partie aborde les notions de lumière et d'obscurité, qui semblent correspondre à deux pôles musicaux récurrents (transparence/brouillage), tandis que le modèle de la couleur concernerait des données musicales s'appliquant à une pièce entière, et s'apparenterait à l'idée de ton général, au sens pictural du terme.Les modèles du fond et de la forme graphique se comprennent comme description des variations sonores sur une petite échelle de temps. L'étude de leurs rapports, notamment par l'établissement d'une typologie des situations d'écoute, permet de mettre en évidence des choix esthétiques basés sur des axes sonores équilibrés, et une musique pensée comme doublage du monde sonore réel.Une dernière partie s'interroge sur les possibilités d'intégration de modèles picturaux, par définition statiques, dans une structure musicale dynamique. Il apparaît que, si les procédés de juxtaposition sont prédominants, la structure générale n'en est pas moins orientée, offrant une double lecture de la pièce ou du cycle
François Bayle (born 1932), French composer of electroacoustic music and head of the Groupe de Recherches Musicales (GRM) from 1966 to 1997, has always claimed an interest in plastic arts. This leads us to think that pictorial elements have an important impact on our perception of the composer's style.The first section addresses the notions of light and darkness, which seem to match two poles (transparency/blur), while the model of color is related to the whole piece, and could be compared to the general tone of a painting.The models of background and graphical form can be understood as descriptions of sonic variations on a short time scale. The study of their relation to one another, in particular thanks to a typology of listening situations, enables us to bring to light esthetical choices based on balanced axes, and conveys the music as a double of the real sonic world.The last section investigates the integrational possibilities of pictorial models, which are static by definition, within a dynamic musical structure. Even if juxtaposition processes prevail, the general structure is oriented, and offers a second reading to the piece.Keywords : composition, electroacoustic music, musical analysis, François Bayle, painting, plastic arts, Groupe de Recherches Musicales (GRM), color, form, morphology
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Tanigawa, Masako. "Bayle et Port-Royal : la tolérance et la morale de soumission." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040033.

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Pierre Bayle (1647-1706) construit sa pensée tantôt en se rapprochant d’esprits contemporains, tantôt en s’en éloignant. Pour examiner sa figure complexe, nous confrontons ses textes à ceux des écrivains de Port-Royal, tels Antoine Arnauld, Pierre Nicole et Blaise Pascal, ainsi qu’à ceux de Bossuet. Notre analyse se situe au prolongement des études ayant tenté ces comparaisons, comme l’ont fait É. Labrousse, K. Nozawa et L. Simonutti pour le débat théologique, et A. McKenna et G. Mori sur le plan philosophique. Après avoir vérifié que la théologie de Bayle et celle de Port-Royal sont également fondées sur les idées thomistes de conscience humaine et de loi naturelle, nous avons précisé que la relecture des textes de Nicole permet à Bayle de reformuler le concept thomiste d’ignorance pour proposer une forme plus radicale de tolérance religieuse : tous les hommes ont le droit de suivre leur conscience – fût-elle errante. Nous avons ensuite rapproché la pensée politique de Bayle de celle de Port-Royal ainsi que de celle de Bossuet. Bayle, Arnauld et Bossuet, partisans de l’obéissance civile au pouvoir politique, condamnent Pierre Jurieu qui réclame le droit des peuples contre les souverains, au nom de la liberté de conscience. Ils s’opposent également aux traités « monarchomaques » du XVIe siècle, dont Jurieu est héritier. Cette condamnation conduit Bayle à séparer politique et religion, ainsi qu’à s’opposer à Bossuet, qui permet à Louis XIV d’imposer aux huguenots la conversion au catholicisme, y compris par la force ; Bayle s’approche ainsi de Pascal qui n’adhère pas à l’emploi de la force pour étendre le catholicisme
Our study is aimed at emphasizing the Catholic influence on Pierre Bayle (1647-1706)’s texts. For the purpose of arriving at sweeping interpretations, we deal with the texts of writers of Port-Royal, such as Antoine Arnauld, Pierre Nicole, Blaise Pascal, and those of Bossuet. We follow and develop Bayle studies that have attempted these comparisons such as E. Labrousse, K. Nozawa, A. McKenna, G. Mori. At first, we confirm that the theology of Bayle and Port-Royal is based on Thomistic ideas of human conscience and natural law. And the re-reading of the texts of Nicole allows Bayle to rephrase the Thomistic concept of ignorance to propose a radical form of religious tolerance : all men have the right to follow their conscience – even if it is errant. Our next approach is toward Bayle’s political thought. For this purpose, we compare his texts with Catholic texts. Bayle, Arnauld and Bossuet, advocates of civil obedience to political power, condemn Pierre Jurieu, who demands peuples right of rebellion against a monarch in the name of freedom of conscience. They are also opposed to French Huguenot theorists at the end of the sixteenth century named « Monarchomachs », who offered to Jurieu intellectual justifications for resistance to religious persecution. This condemnation leads Bayle to separate political domain from religious domain, contrary to Bossuet’s view, that allows Louis XIV to impose on the Huguenots the conversion to Catholicism, including by force. In this context, Bayle is similar to Pascal, who disapprove of using the political force to extend Catholicism
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Pelikan, Roland. "Ethik lernen in der Arbeitswelt : Perspektiven einer missionarischen Ethik am Beispiel des Industriepraktikums für Theologiestudierende der Evangelisch-Lutherischen Kirche in Bayern /." Berlin ; Münster : Lit, 2009. http://d-nb.info/992871387/04.

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Rebhan, Barbara. "Die prospektive Kohortenstudie "Stillverhalten in Bayern"." Diss., lmu, 2008. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-95375.

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Ehemann, Michael. "Aktueller Stand der Adipositaschirurgie in Bayern." Diss., lmu, 2011. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-137589.

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Mereu, Andrea. "Catalysis in the Baylis-Hillman reaction." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340183.

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Spaenle, Ludwig. "Der Philhellenismus in Bayern 1821-1832 /." München : Hieronymus Verl, 1990. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35509145b.

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Lanig-Heese, Claudia. "Gewerkschaften in Bayern 1945 bis 1949 /." Marburg : Verl. Arbeit & Gesellschaft, 1991. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366784659.

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Denz, Rebekka. "Der Centralverein in Bayern – ein Werkstattbericht." HATiKVA e.V. – Die Hoffnung Bildungs- und Begegnungsstätte für Jüdische Geschichte und Kultur Sachsen, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A36461.

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Campos, Mayara Croce. "Interação mãe-bebê e o desenvolvimento de linguagem em bebês de três meses /." Bauru, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/183368.

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Orientador: Olga Maria Piazentin Rolim Rodrigues
Resumo: Compreender os processos envolvidos desde o início do desenvolvimento da linguagem tem sido o desafio de múltiplas áreas do conhecimento devido a sua complexidade e a gama de variáveis que podem estar correlacionadas. Para alguns estudiosos, as interações iniciais que o ser humano é exposto, desempenha papel fundamental no desenvolvimento de habilidades linguísticas. Culturalmente, a mãe está no cenário das primeiras relações com maior frequência e, por isso, acaba viabilizando mais oportunidades de interação com o bebê. Considerando assim, o presente estudo propôs-se a descrever e relacionar aspectos da interação mãe-bebê no desenvolvimento da linguagem expressiva e receptiva de bebês de três meses. Participaram deste estudo trinta mães e seus bebês com três meses que frequentam um serviço de acompanhamento do desenvolvimento infantil no primeiro ano de vida, em uma universidade pública do interior do estado de São Paulo. Para a avaliação da interação mãe-bebê, a díade foi filmada em situação estruturada em um episódio de três minutos. Para a avaliação das habilidades comunicativas foi utilizada a Escala de Desenvolvimento Bayley-III, contemplando apenas as áreas de Linguagem Expressiva e Linguagem Receptiva. As filmagens foram analisadas através da cotação de comportamentos interativos maternos e do bebê por segundo, utilizando o protocolo Interadíade. Os resultados demonstraram que, tanto as mães quanto os bebês, apresentaram maior frequência de comportamentos positivos na... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Understanding the processes involved since the beginning of language development has been the challenge of multiple areas of knowledge due to their complexity and range of variables that may be correlated. For some studies, the initial interactions that the human being is exposed plays a fundamental role in the development of language skills. Culturally, the mother is in the scene of the first relationships with more frequency and for this reason it ends up making viable more opportunities of interaction with the baby. Considering this, the present study aimed to describe and relate aspects of the mother-baby interaction in the development of expressive and receptive language of three-month-old babies. Thirty mothers and their three-month-old infants attending a child development follow-up service in the first year of life at a university in the interior of the state of São Paulo participated in this study. For the evaluation of the mother-baby interaction, the dyad was filmed in a structured situation in a three-minute episode. For the evaluation of communicative abilities, the Development Scale Bayley-III was used, considering only the areas of Expressive Language and Receptive Language. Filming was analyzed through the quotation of interactive maternal and baby behaviors per second. The results showed that both mothers and infants had a higher frequency of positive behaviors in the dyad. Babies had more mother-to-be-behaving behaviors with neutral or positive sounds, and m... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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