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Journal articles on the topic 'BBB 220'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 14 February 2022

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1

Kagamizono, Terumi, Akira Kawashima, Yuko Kishimura, et al. "PI-220, a New Platelet Aggregation Inhibitor." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 57, no. 5 (1993): 766–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.57.766.

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Muraki, Yo, Yutaka Nishimoto, Midori Yamasaki, Shuuichi Miyakawa, and Shuji Sato. "The evaluation of lymph node cell proliferation response by liposomes loaded with major histocompatibility complex class II binding aquaporin 4 antigen peptide." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 85, no. 3 (2020): 537–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bbb/zbaa084.

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ABSTRACT Autoimmune responses to aquaporin 4 (AQP4) cause neuromyelitis optica (NMO); thus, specific immunotolerance to this self-antigen could represent a new NMO treatment. We generated the liposome-encapsulated AQP4 peptide 201-220 (p201-220) to induce immunotolerance. Liposomes were generated using phosphatidylserine and the polyglycidol species PG8MG. The in vivo tissue distribution of the liposomes was tested using an ex vivo imaging system. To confirm the antigen presentation capacity of PG8MG liposomes, dendritic cells were treated with PG8MG liposome-encapsulated AQP4 p201-220 (AQP4-P

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Yoshida, Michiharu, Kazuo Maruyama, Yasutaka Kato, et al. "BOT-01 BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER OPENING USING 220-KHZ TRANSCRANIAL MRI-GUIDED FOCUSED ULTRASOUND AND MICROBUBBLES IN MOUSE AND RAT." Neuro-Oncology Advances 1, Supplement_2 (2019): ii12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdz039.053.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE In neuro-oncology, it is believed that one major obstacle to effective chemotherapy is the high vascularity and heterogenous permeability of brain tumors. Focused ultrasound (FUS) exposure with the microbubbles has been shown to transiently open the blood-brain barrier (BBB) without depositing thermal energy, and thus may enhance the delivery of various therapeutic drugs into brain tumors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the BBB opening using 220-kHz transcranial MRI-guided FUS (TcMRgFUS) device and microbubbles in mouse and rat. METHODS The experiments were performed

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Goldlust, Samuel Aaron, Louis B. Nabors, Nimish Mohile, et al. "Final results from the dose-escalation stage of a phase 1/2 trial of TPI 287, a brain penetrable microtubule inhibitor, plus bevacizumab in patients with recurrent glioblastoma." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 15_suppl (2017): 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.2021.

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2021 Background: Microtubule inhibitors, including taxanes, are active in preclinical models of glioblastoma (GBM), however, clinical benefit is hampered by poor blood-brain barrier (BBB) accumulation. TPI 287, a third-generation taxane designed to evade P-glycoprotein mediated efflux, readily penetrates the BBB and overcomes this limitation. CB-017 is a multi-center phase 1/2 trial designed to determine the optimal dose of TPI 287 and potential efficacy in patients treated with this drug plus bevacizumab (BEV) for treatment of recurrent GBM. Final results of the dose escalation Phase 1 stage

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Lorenzo, Melvin F., Sean C. Thomas, Yukitaka Kani, et al. "Temporal Characterization of Blood–Brain Barrier Disruption with High-Frequency Electroporation." Cancers 11, no. 12 (2019): 1850. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11121850.

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Treatment of intracranial disorders suffers from the inability to accumulate therapeutic drug concentrations due to protection from the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Electroporation-based therapies have demonstrated the capability of permeating the BBB, but knowledge of the longevity of BBB disruption (BBBD) is limited. In this study, we quantify the temporal, high-frequency electroporation (HFE)-mediated BBBD in an in vivo healthy rat brain model. 40 male Fisher rats underwent HFE treatment; two blunt tipped monopolar electrodes were advanced into the brain and 200 bursts of HFE were delivered a

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Lorenzo, Melvin, Sean Thomas, Scott Verbridge, John Robertson, John Rossmeisl, and Rafael Davalos. "SURG-41. BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER DISRUPTION WITH HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROPORATION IN VIVO: A PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION DEMONSTRATING THE EFFECTS OF VARIED PULSE WIDTHS AND INTRA-PHASE DELAYS." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.887.

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Abstract OBJECTIVE Treatment of CNS disorders suffer from the inability to deliver large therapeutic agents to the brain parenchyma due to protection from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). High-frequency electroporation (HFE) employs a series of high voltage pulsed electric fields to disrupt the BBB and/or ablate tumor tissue while sparring proteinaceous structures. Pulsing parameters pulse width and intra-phase delay can be modulated to reduce excitation of muscle and nervous tissues, though this is inherently accompanied by an increase in thresholds for ablation in non-CNS tissues. Here, we inv

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Wijaya, Handika Setya. "PENGARUH BUKAAN (OPENING) TERHADAP KAPASITAS LENTUR BALOK BETON BERTULANG." Jurnal Media Teknik Sipil 15, no. 1 (2017): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jmts.v15i1.4491.

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Dalam konstruksi bangunan-bangunan modern, instalasi perpipaan dibutuhkan untuk mengakamodasi kebutuhan mekanikal dan elektrikal. Salah satu alternatif rencana untuk melewatkan instalasi perpipaan tersebut adalah dengan membuat bukaan (opening) pada balok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari seberapa besar pengaruh pemberian beberapa variasi jumlah bukaan yang diberikan di zona tarik beton terhadap kekuatan dan kekakuan lentur balok beton bertulang. Pengujian yang dilakunan adalah pengujian lentur dengan benda uji balok berukuran (15 x 25 x 200) cm. Variasi penelitian ini yaitu jumlah bukaa

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Bernardo-Castro, Sara, Helena Donato, Lino Ferreira, and João Sargento-Freitas. "Permeability of the blood-brain barrier through the phases of ischaemic stroke and relation with clinical outcome: protocol for a systematic review." BMJ Open 10, no. 9 (2020): e039280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039280.

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IntroductionIschaemic stroke is the most prevalent type of stroke and is characterised by a myriad of pathological events triggered by a vascular arterial occlusion. Disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a key pathological event that may lead to fatal outcomes. However, it seems to follow a multiphasic pattern that has been associated with distinct biological substrates and possibly contrasting outcomes. Addressing the BBB permeability (BBBP) along the different phases of stroke through imaging techniques could lead to a better understanding of the disease, improved patient selection

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Lu, Yunhe, Lei Chen, Liangdong Li, and Yiqun Cao. "Exosomes Derived from Brain Metastatic Breast Cancer Cells Destroy the Blood-Brain Barrier by Carrying lncRNA GS1-600G8.5." BioMed Research International 2020 (April 6, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7461727.

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Brain metastasis is a major cause of death in breast cancer patients. The greatest event for brain metastasis is the breaching of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) by cancer cells. The role of exosomes in cancer metastasis is clear, whereas the role of exosomes in the integrity of the BBB is unknown. Here, we established a highly brain metastatic breast cancer cell line by three cycles of in vivo selection. The effect of exosomes on the BBB was evaluated in vitro by tracking, transepithelial/transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER), and permeability assays. BBB-associated exosomal long noncod

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Stricsek, Geoffrey, Michael J. Lang, Ashwini Dayal Sharan, Robert H. Rosenwasser, and Lorraine Iacovitti. "221 Functional Modulation of the Blood Brain Barrier." Neurosurgery 64, CN_suppl_1 (2017): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuros/nyx417.221.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION Delivery of therapeutic agents to the brain is constrained by the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Previous work (Yarnitsky) suggested BBB permeability was increased with stimulation of the sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG). However, their model looked at FITC-dextran signal in CSF superfusate, a reflection of epithelial tight junctions at the blood-CSF barrier, and quantified BBB permeability using Evans blue, a marker insufficient for this role (Saunders). METHODS Experiments were conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats using 70 kDa FITC-dextran as a marker to quantify BBB permeability.

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Kamintsky, Lyna, Steven D. Beyea, John D. Fisk, et al. "Blood-brain barrier leakage in systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with gray matter loss and cognitive impairment." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 79, no. 12 (2020): 1580–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218004.

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ObjectivesTo examine the association between blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, brain volume and cognitive dysfunction in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).MethodsA total of 65 ambulatory patients with SLE and 9 healthy controls underwent dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI scanning, for quantitative assessment of BBB permeability. Volumetric data were extracted using the VolBrain pipeline. Global cognitive function was evaluated using a screening battery consisting of tasks falling into five broad cognitive domains, and was compared between patients with normal versus extensi

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Zhao, Wei, Lianhua Zhao, Zaiyu Guo, Yanwei Hou, Jiafeng Jiang, and Yijun Song. "Valproate Sodium Protects Blood Brain Barrier Integrity in Intracerebral Hemorrhage Mice." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (November 10, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8884320.

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Valproate sodium (VPA) is a traditional antiepileptic drug with a neuroprotective role in cerebrovascular disease. After intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), mechanical compression by hematoma, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and cytotoxicity of hematoma lysates caused the destruction of the blood brain barrier (BBB). Targeting BBB is a major therapeutic method for patients with ICH. The purpose of the present study was to explore the role of VPA in preserving BBB integrity in the ICH model and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms. One hundred and thirty-six adult male CD1 mice were

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Viscusi, Eugene R., та Andrew R. Viscusi. "Blood–brain barrier: mechanisms governing permeability and interaction with peripherally acting μ-opioid receptor antagonists". Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 45, № 9 (2020): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/rapm-2020-101403.

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) describes the unique properties of endothelial cells (ECs) that line the central nervous system (CNS) microvasculature. The BBB supports CNS homeostasis via EC-associated transport of ions, nutrients, proteins and waste products between the brain and blood. These transport mechanisms also serve as physiological barriers to pathogens, toxins and xenobiotics to prevent them from contacting neural tissue. The mechanisms that govern BBB permeability pose a challenge to drug design for CNS disorders, including pain, but can be exploited to limit the effects of a drug t

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Song, Ke, Yuanyuan Li, Hanlai Zhang, et al. "Oxidative Stress-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier (BBB) Disruption in Neurological Diseases." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (July 3, 2020): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4356386.

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The blood-brain barrier (BBB), as a crucial gate of brain-blood molecular exchange, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple neurological diseases. Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the scavenger system. Since oxidative stress plays a significant role in the production and maintenance of the BBB, the cerebrovascular system is especially vulnerable to it. The pathways that initiate BBB dysfunction include, but are not limited to, mitochondrial dysfunction, excitotoxicity, iron metabolism, cytokines, pyroptosis, and necropto

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Chia, Yvonne Cashinn, Clarice Evey Anjum, Hui Rong Yee, et al. "Stem Cell Therapy for Neurodegenerative Diseases: How Do Stem Cells Bypass the Blood-Brain Barrier and Home to the Brain?" Stem Cells International 2020 (September 4, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8889061.

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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a term describing the highly selective barrier formed by the endothelial cells (ECs) of the central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis by restricting movement across the BBB. An intact BBB is critical for normal brain functions as it maintains brain homeostasis, modulates immune cell transport, and provides protection against pathogens and other foreign substances. However, it also prevents drugs from entering the CNS to treat neurodegenerative diseases. Stem cells, on the other hand, have been reported to bypass the BBB and successfully home to their target in the b

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Shah, Fahad Hassan, Saad Salman, Jawaria Idrees, Fariha Idrees, and Muhammad Yasir Akbar. "In silico study of thymohydroquinone interaction with blood–brain barrier disrupting proteins." Future Science OA 6, no. 10 (2020): FSO632. http://dx.doi.org/10.2144/fsoa-2020-0115.

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Aim: To evaluate the inhibitory interaction of thymohydroquinone against blood–brain barrier (BBB)-associated neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Materials & methods: An elaborated in silico study was designed to evaluate the interaction of thymohydroquinone with BBB-disrupting proteins and to highlight its pharmacokinetic and safety attributes. Results: Thymohydroquinone demonstrated stable interaction with BBB-disrupting protein active site with Ki (inhibition constant) ranges of (2.71 mM–736.15 μM), binding energy (-4.3 to 5.6 Kcal/mol), ligand efficiency (-0.36 to 0.42 Kc

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Semyachkina-Glushkovskaya, Oxana, Aysel Mamedova, Valeria Vinnik, et al. "Brain Mechanisms of COVID-19-Sleep Disorders." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13 (2021): 6917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136917.

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2020 and 2021 have been unprecedented years due to the rapid spread of the modified severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus around the world. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes atypical infiltrated pneumonia with many neurological symptoms, and major sleep changes. The exposure of people to stress, such as social confinement and changes in daily routines, is accompanied by various sleep disturbances, known as ‘coronasomnia’ phenomenon. Sleep disorders induce neuroinflammation, which promotes the blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption and entry of antigens and inflammatory facto

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Pardridge, William M. "Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease and Blood–Brain Barrier Drug Delivery." Pharmaceuticals 13, no. 11 (2020): 394. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph13110394.

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Despite the enormity of the societal and health burdens caused by Alzheimer’s disease (AD), there have been no FDA approvals for new therapeutics for AD since 2003. This profound lack of progress in treatment of AD is due to dual problems, both related to the blood–brain barrier (BBB). First, 98% of small molecule drugs do not cross the BBB, and ~100% of biologic drugs do not cross the BBB, so BBB drug delivery technology is needed in AD drug development. Second, the pharmaceutical industry has not developed BBB drug delivery technology, which would enable industry to invent new therapeutics f

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Zhou, Zhike, Jun Hou, and Qinghua Li. "Artesunate attenuates traumatic brain injury-induced impairments in rats." Translational Neuroscience 11, no. 1 (2020): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/tnsci-2020-0136.

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AbstractBackgroundBlood–brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction and neuroinflammation induced by traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) cause a succession of secondary brain damage events and finally lead to a massive and progressive cerebral neuronal destruction. Artesunate, a semisynthetic artemisinin derivative, is a potential candidate for the management of cerebral damage induced by TBI due to its protective function to BBB and cerebral neurons.MethodsTo demonstrate the effect of artesunate to TBI-induced BBB dysfunction and neural damage, TBI rat model was constructed by cortical impact injury. Behavio

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Pantelić, Darko, Marton Sakal, and Predrag Matković. "Web 2.0 concepts in B2B marketing." Ekonomski pogledi 16, no. 4 (2014): 235–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/ekopog1403235p.

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Zhang, Xiang, Hongquan Dong, Fei Wang, and Jun Zhang. "Mast Cell Deficiency Protects Mice from Surgery-Induced Neuroinflammation." Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (August 1, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1921826.

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Neuroinflammation plays a key role in the occurrence and development of neurodegenerative diseases. Microglia, the resident immune cells in the brain, have been recognized to contribute to neuroinflammation. Previous studies have shown that activated mast cells may be involved in surgery-induced neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis by using pharmacological methods. This study is aimed at ascertaining the exactly role of mast cells on neuroinflammation with the mast cell-deficient mice. Adult male C57BL6/J wild-type (WT) and mast cell-deficient (C57BL6/J KitWsh/Wsh (Wsh)) mice underwent tib

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Sheybani, Natasha, Soumen Paul, Katelyenn McCauley, et al. "472 ImmunoPET-informed sequence for focused ultrasound-targeted mCD47 blockade controls glioma." Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer 8, Suppl 3 (2020): A502—A503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jitc-2020-sitc2020.0472.

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BackgroundThe natural disease course for glioblastoma (GB) entails invariably grim outcomes for patients. Phagocytic immunotherapies, such as CD47 blockade (e.g. mCD47), have recently demonstrated promise for GB therapy. However, their efficacy is challenged by presence of the blood brain and tumor barriers (BBB/BTB). Transient disruption of the BBB/BTB via focused ultrasound (FUS) and circulating microbubbles (MB) holds promise for improving therapeutic outcomes in the context of mCD47. However, critical questions regarding the optimal protocol for therapeutic antibody delivery with FUS remai

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Zuckerman, S. L., R. Mirro, W. M. Armstead, M. Shibata, and C. W. Leffler. "Indomethacin reduces ischemia-induced alteration of blood-brain barrier transport in piglets." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 266, no. 6 (1994): H2198—H2203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1994.266.6.h2198.

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Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (Isc-Rep) alters blood-brain barrier (BBB) transport properties in piglets. Pretreatment with superoxide dismutase and catalase partially attenuates these effects. Activated O2 species produced with Isc-Rep in piglets are generated via prostaglandin (PG) H synthase. This experiment determines if products of PGH synthase alter BBB transport of sodium and albumin. Piglets anesthetized with nitrous oxide and halothane were divided into four groups: 1) control, 2) indomethacin (5 mg/kg iv) with no Isc-Rep, 3) Isc-Rep alone, and 4) Isc-Rep after pretreatment with indom

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Winkert, Kay, Johannes Kirsten, Rupert Kamnig, Jürgen M. Steinacker, and Gunnar Treff. "Differences in V˙O2max Measurements Between Breath-by-Breath and Mixing-Chamber Mode in the COSMED K5." International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance 16, no. 9 (2021): 1335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijspp.2020-0634.

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Purpose: Automated metabolic analyzers are frequently utilized to measure maximal oxygen consumption (). However, in portable devices, the results may be influenced by the analyzer’s technological approach, being either breath-by-breath (BBB) or dynamic micro mixing chamber mode (DMC). The portable metabolic analyzer K5 (COSMED, Rome, Italy) provides both technologies within one device, and the authors aimed to evaluate differences in between modes in endurance athletes. Methods: Sixteen trained male participants performed an incremental test to voluntary exhaustion on a cycle ergometer, while

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Neuwelt, Edward A., Michael A. Pagel, and Richard D. Dix. "Delivery of ultraviolet-inactivated 35S-herpesvirus across an osmotically modified blood-brain barrier." Journal of Neurosurgery 74, no. 3 (1991): 475–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1991.74.3.0475.

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✓ The present studies were undertaken to determine if viral particles can be delivered across the rat blood-brain barrier (BBB). Osmotic BBB modification with intracarotid mannitol (25%) was immediately followed by bolus intracarotid administration of 0.5 ml purified, ultraviolet-inactivated, herpes simplex virus type 1 endogenously labeled with 35S-labeled methionine (2.0 × 106 cpm, approximately 5 × 108 plaque-forming units/ml). After 60 minutes, intravascular virus was cleared by saline perfusion and the animals were sacrificed. A marked increase (fourfold, p ≤ 0.02) in radioactivity was ob

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O'Donnell, Martha E., Yi-Je Chen, Tina I. Lam, Kelleen C. Taylor, Jeffrey H. Walton, and Steven E. Anderson. "Intravenous HOE-642 Reduces Brain Edema and Na Uptake in the Rat Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Stroke: Evidence for Participation of the Blood–Brain Barrier Na/H Exchanger." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 33, no. 2 (2012): 225–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2012.160.

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Cerebral edema forms in the early hours of ischemic stroke by processes involving increased transport of Na and Cl from blood into brain across an intact blood–brain barrier (BBB). Our previous studies provided evidence that the BBB Na–K–Cl cotransporter is stimulated by the ischemic factors hypoxia, aglycemia, and arginine vasopressin (AVP), and that inhibition of the cotransporter by intravenous bumetanide greatly reduces edema and infarct in rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). More recently, we showed that BBB Na/H exchanger activity is also stimulated by h

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Jensen, Morten Kvistholm, Lothar Faber, Max Liebregts, et al. "Effect of impaired cardiac conduction after alcohol septal ablation on clinical outcomes: insights from the Euro-ASA registry." European Heart Journal - Quality of Care and Clinical Outcomes 5, no. 3 (2018): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjqcco/qcy049.

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Abstract Aims We analysed the impact of bundle branch block (BBB) and pacemaker (PM) implantation on symptoms and survival after alcohol septal ablation (ASA) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). Methods and results Among 1416 HCM patients from the Euro-ASA registry, 58 (4%) patients had a PM and 64 (5%) patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) before ASA. At latest follow-up (5.0 ± 4.0 years) after ASA, 118 (8%) patients had an ICD and 229 (16%) patients had a PM. In patients without an implantable device prior to ASA 13% had a PM and 5% had an ICD implanted

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Lam, Tina I., Phyllis M. Wise, and Martha E. O'Donnell. "Cerebral microvascular endothelial cell Na/H exchange: evidence for the presence of NHE1 and NHE2 isoforms and regulation by arginine vasopressin." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 297, no. 2 (2009): C278—C289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00093.2009.

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Blood-brain barrier (BBB) Na transporters are essential for brain water and electrolyte homeostasis. However, they also contribute to edema formation during the early hours of ischemic stroke by increased transport of Na from blood into brain across an intact BBB. We previously showed that a luminal BBB Na-K-Cl cotransporter is stimulated by hypoxia, aglycemia, and AVP and that inhibition of the cotransporter by intravenous bumetanide significantly reduces edema and infarct in the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model of stroke. More recently, we found evidence that intravenous car

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Warrington, Junie P., Heather A. Drummond, Joey P. Granger та Michael J. Ryan. "Placental ischemia-induced increases in brain water content and cerebrovascular permeability: role of TNF-α". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 309, № 11 (2015): R1425—R1431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00372.2015.

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Cerebrovascular complications and increased risk of encephalopathies are characteristic of preeclampsia and contribute to 40% of preeclampsia/eclampsia-related deaths. Circulating tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is elevated in preeclamptic women, and infusion of TNF-α into pregnant rats mimics characteristics of preeclampsia. While this suggests that TNF-α has a mechanistic role to promote preeclampsia, the impact of TNF-α on the cerebral vasculature during pregnancy remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that TNF-α contributes to cerebrovascular abnormalities during placental ischemia by f

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Lochhead, Jeffrey J., Gwen McCaffrey, Colleen E. Quigley, et al. "Oxidative Stress Increases Blood–Brain Barrier Permeability and Induces Alterations in Occludin during Hypoxia–Reoxygenation." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 30, no. 9 (2010): 1625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2010.29.

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The blood–brain barrier (BBB) has a critical role in central nervous system homeostasis. Intercellular tight junction (TJ) protein complexes of the brain microvasculature limit paracellular diffusion of substances from the blood into the brain. Hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR) is a central component to numerous disease states and pathologic conditions. We have previously shown that HR can influence the permeability of the BBB as well as the critical TJ protein occludin. During HR, free radicals are produced, which may lead to oxidative stress. Using the free radical scavenger tempol (200 mg/kg,

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Hou, Bonan, Rui Liu, You Wu, and Shuiqing Huang. "Astragaloside IV Reduces Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability in Rats by Inhibiting ER Stress-Mediated Apoptosis." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2020 (October 26, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9087873.

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Background. Previous studies proved that AS-IV could prevent blood-brain barrier (BBB) against an increase in permeability. However, its underlying molecular mechanism has not been enlightened yet. The aim of the study is to reveal the potential protective mechanism of astragaloside IV (AS-IV) on the blood-brain barrier after ischemia-reperfusion. Methods. In vivo, AS-IV neurological protection was measured by Long’s five-point scale and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. AS-IV protection for BBB was observed by Evans blue extravasation technique. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and ap

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Chu, Min, Jijun Teng, Lei Guo, et al. "Mild hyperhomocysteinemia induces blood–brain barrier dysfunction but not neuroinflammation in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of wild-type mice." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 99, no. 9 (2021): 847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjpp-2020-0507.

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This study explored the potential effects of mild hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) on the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and neuroinflammation. Seven-week-old male wild-type C57BL/6 mice were fed normal mouse chow (the control group) or a methionine-enriched diet (the HHcy group) for 14 weeks. Mice in the HHcy group exhibited a slight increase in serum Hcy levels (13.56 ± 0.61 μmol/L). Activation of the ERK signaling pathway, up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), and degradation of tight junction proteins (occludin and claudin-5) were observed in both the cerebral cortex and hippocampus o

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Tso, MK, P. Turgeon, B. Bosche, J. Ai, P. Marsden, and RL Macdonald. "C.02 Whole genome expression profiling of blood-brain barrier endothelial cells after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 43, S2 (2016): S11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2016.68.

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Background: The pathophysiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is complex and includes disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). We freshly isolated BBB endothelial cells (BECs) by 2 distinct methods after experimental SAH and then interrogated their gene expression profiles with the goal of uncovering new therapeutic targets. Methods: SAH was induced using the prechiasmatic blood injection mouse model. BBB permeability studies were performed by administering intraperitoneal cadaverine dye injections at 24h and 48h. BECs were isolated either by sequential magnetic-based sorting for CD45-C

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Westergren, Irena, and Barbro B. Johansson. "Blockade of AMPA Receptors Reduces Brain Edema following Opening of the Blood—Brain Barrier." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 13, no. 4 (1993): 603–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.1993.78.

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The aim of our study was to evaluate whether blockade of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) receptors could reduce brain edema in two experimental models of edema following opening of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The brain specific gravity was determined 2 h after opening the BBB by a 30-s infusion of protamine sulfate (10 mg in 200 μl 0.9% NaCl) or arabinose (1.5 or 1.8 mol/L, 0.06 ml · s−1) into the right internal carotid artery. Cisternal CSF was withdrawn for albumin determination before the carotid infusion and before killing 2 h later. After infusion of protam

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Huang, Jing, Botong Hou, Shuaimei Zhang, et al. "The Protective Effect of Adiponectin-Transfected Endothelial Progenitor Cells on Cognitive Function in D-Galactose-Induced Aging Rats." Neural Plasticity 2020 (March 23, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/1273198.

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Aging is a multifactorial process involving the cumulative effects of inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dynamics, which can produce complex structural and biochemical alterations to the nervous system and lead to dysfunction of microcirculation, blood-brain barrier (BBB), and other problems in the brain. Long-term injection of D-galactose (D-gal) can induce chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, accelerating aging. The model of accelerated aging with long-term administration of D-gal have been widely used in anti-aging studies, due to the increase of chronic inflammation an

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Sutherland, Ben. "The BBC and its web 2.0 partners." Computers in Entertainment 6, no. 2 (2008): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1371216.1371230.

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Sikkema, Richard, Monika Steiner, Martin Junginger, Wolfgang Hiegl, Morten Tony Hansen, and Andre Faaij. "The European wood pellet markets: current status and prospects for 2020." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 5, no. 3 (2011): 250–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.277.

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Junginger, Martin. "Contributing to a European Bioenergy Trade Strategy for 2020 and Beyond." Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining 13, no. 2 (2019): 245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1996.

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Rikizo, Aono, та Doukyu Noriyuki. "Stereospecific Oxidation of 3β-Hydroxysteroids by Persolvent Fermentation withPseudomonassp. ST-200". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 60, № 7 (1996): 1146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60.1146.

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Idbaih, Ahmed, François Ducray, Roger Stupp, et al. "CTNI-31. INTERIM RESULTS OF A PHASE I/IIA STUDY TO EVALUATE THE SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF BBB OPENING WITH THE SONOCLOUD-9 IMPLANTABLE ULTRASOUND DEVICE IN RECURRENT GLIOBLASTOMA PATIENTS PRIOR TO IV CARBOPLATIN." Neuro-Oncology 22, Supplement_2 (2020): ii49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noaa215.198.

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Abstract Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPU), in combination with systemic injection of microbubbles, can be used to transiently disrupt the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and increase brain-drug concentrations. In pre-clinical models, carboplatin can be enhanced by a factor of 5x in the brain using LIPU and increase the survival of GBM-bearing mice. In clinical studies, a single emitter, implantable ultrasound device (SonoCloud-1) was used to disrupt the BBB in 19 rGBM patients prior to carboplatin chemotherapy (NCT02253212). The feasibility of this approach was demonstrated, and safe acoustic

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IKURA, Koji, Kazuo MINAMI, Chiemi OTOMO, et al. "High Molecular Weight Transglutaminase Inhibitor Produced by a Microorganism (Streptomyces lavendulaeY-200)." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 64, no. 1 (2000): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.64.116.

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Shchetinin, Eugeny Yu. "On methods of quantitative analysis of the company’s financial indicators under conditions of high risk of investments." Discrete and Continuous Models and Applied Computational Science 28, no. 4 (2020): 346–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2658-4670-2020-28-4-346-360.

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The paper investigates the methods of quantitative analysis of hidden statistical relationships of the financial indicators of companies under conditions of high investment risk. A new semi-parametric method for estimating tail dependence indicators using BB1 and BB7 dependence structures is proposed. For a dataset containing the cost indicators of leading Russian companies, computer experiments were carried out, as a result of which it was shown that the proposed method has a higher stability and accuracy in comparison with other considered methods. Practical application of the proposed risk

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Gong, Jing, Qi-Hang Tai, Guang-Xiao Xu, et al. "Ac2-26 Alleviates Brain Injury after Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in Rats via the eNOS Pathway." Mediators of Inflammation 2020 (August 18, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/3649613.

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Background. Brain injury is the leading cause of death following cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Ac2-26 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) have been shown to reduce neuroinflammation. This study is aimed at determining the mechanism by which Ac2-26 protects against inflammation during brain injury following CA and CPR. Methods. Sixty-four rats were randomized into sham, saline, Ac2-26, and Ac2-26+L-NIO (endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) inhibitor) groups. Rats received Ac2-26, Ac2-26+L-NIO, or saline after CPR. Neurologic function was assessed at b

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Yu, Chiun-Chieh, Hsiu-Ling Chen, Meng-Hsiang Chen, et al. "Vascular Inflammation Is a Risk Factor Associated with Brain Atrophy and Disease Severity in Parkinson’s Disease: A Case-Control Study." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2020 (July 14, 2020): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2591248.

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Introduction. Systemic inflammation with elevated oxidative stress causing neuroinflammation is considered a major factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD). The interface between systemic circulation and the brain parenchyma is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which also plays a role in maintaining neurovascular homeostasis. Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate brain vessel endothelial function, neoangiogenesis, and, in turn, neuronal homeostasis regulation, such that their dysregulation can result in neurodegeneration, such as gray matter atro

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Tanaka, Yoji, Tsukasa Nagaoka, Govind Nair, Kikuo Ohno, and Timothy Q. Duong. "Arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility contrast CBF MRI in postischemic hyperperfusion, hypercapnia, and after mannitol injection." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 31, no. 6 (2010): 1403–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/jcbfm.2010.228.

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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely used to image cerebral blood flow (CBF) in stroke. This study examined how changes in tissue spin-lattice relaxation-time constant ( T1), blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability, and transit time affect CBF quantification by ASL and DSC in postischemic hyperperfusion in the same animals. In Group I ( n = 6), embolic stroke rats imaged 48hours after stroke showed regional hyperperfusion. In normal pixels, ASL- and DSC-CBF linearly correlated pixel-by-pixel. In hyperperfusion pixels,

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Chauhan, Anil K., Atul F. Kamath, Janka Kisucka, et al. "Elevated Levels of Homocysteine Compromise Blood-Brain Barrier Integrity in Mice." Blood 106, no. 11 (2005): 3856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v106.11.3856.3856.

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Abstract Elevated levels of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) correlate with increased risks of cardiovascular and Alzheimer’s diseases. We studied the effect of elevated Hcy on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to explore the possibility of a vascular link between the two diseases. On a methionine-enriched diet, cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) heterozygous mice develop hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). To evaluate the extent of HHcy induced by an 8-week methionine-enriched diet (Diet), we determined plasma Hcy concentration. Concentrations were 23.5 ± 5 μM for wild type (WT) and 98.4 ± 22 μM for CBS+/− on D

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Freire, Carla, Huy Pho, Jacob Ramsey, et al. "003 Treatment of Sleep Disordered Breathing with Leptin Loaded Exosomes." Sleep 44, Supplement_2 (2021): A1—A2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsab072.002.

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Abstract Introduction Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by recurrent periods of upper airway obstruction. The prevalence of OSA exceeds 50% in obese individuals and in 10–20% of obese patients OSA coexists with obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) defined as daytime hypercapnia and hypoventilation during sleep attributed to the depressed control of breathing. There is no effective pharmacotherapy for OSA and OHS. Leptin is a potent respiratory stimulant and a potential therapeutic candidate. However, diet-induced obesity (DIO) results in reduced permeability of the blood-brain b

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OZAKI, Shin-ichi, Atsushi INADA та Kazuya SADA. "Modulation of Cystathionine β-Synthase Activity by the Arg-51 and Arg-224 Mutations". Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 72, № 9 (2008): 2318–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.80231.

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Doukyu, Noriyuki, Hideki Kobayashi, Harushi Nakajima, and Rikizo Aono. "Control with Organic Solvents of Efficiency of Persolvent Cholesterol Fermentation byPseudomonassp. Strain ST-200." Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry 60, no. 10 (1996): 1612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.60.1612.

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Zhang, Xin-chang, Ya-hui Gu, Wen-tao Xu, et al. "Early Electroacupuncture Extends the rtPA Time Window to 6 h in a Male Rat Model of Embolic Stroke via the ERK1/2-MMP9 Pathway." Neural Plasticity 2020 (November 11, 2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8851089.

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Background. Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) is the only recommended pharmacological treatment for acute ischemic stroke, but it has a restricted therapeutic time window. When administered at time points greater than 4.5 h after stroke onset, rtPA disrupts the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which leads to serious brain edema and hemorrhagic transformation. Electroacupuncture (EA) exerts a neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia; however, researchers have not clearly determined whether EA increases the safety of thrombolysis and extends the therapeutic time window of rtPA adminis

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