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1
Morriss, Agnieszka. "The BBC Polish Service during World War II." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/15839/.
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Despite considerable interest in the BBC European Service and the role of transnational broadcasting during the Second World War, surprisingly little attention has hitherto been paid to the BBC Polish language broadcasts. As the first full length academic study of the wartime BBC Polish Service, this thesis aims to provide an in-depth examination of previously unanalysed primary sources, both Polish and British, in order to establish the extent to which Polish Service broadcasts during World War II were considered as a significant and reliable source of information. The study is primarily based on the BBC Written Archives records, in particular, the scripts of the BBC Polish language bulletins, the European News Directives and Minutes of Meetings as well as the Political Warfare Executive (PWE) directives for the Polish Service from the National Archives at Kew. These directives are central in answering the principal research question, namely the extent to which the Polish Service was required to follow official British government policy. To this end, the analysis is supported by Polish government-in-exile documents and the Polish Underground reports stored at the Polish Institute and Sikorski Museum and the Polish Underground Movement Study Trust in London. These archives represent a valuable resource for studies of wartime broadcasting, censorship and propaganda. Together the various archives (in conjunction with other privately held documents) offer historians a rich source of material from which the organisation and functioning of the BBC Polish Service over this period can be constructed. Given the volume of material related to World War II, the scope of the study is concentrated upon Whitehall and BBC policy with regards to the Polish Service coverage of the Polish-Soviet affairs from the period when diplomatic relations between Poland and the USSR were re-established in 1941 to the withdrawal of recognition of the Polish government-in-exile by the Allies in 1945. The analysis demonstrates that, although the Polish Service attempted to be objective, impartial and neutral, this was achieved by selectiveness rather than by presenting both Polish and Soviet sides of the argument in territorial and political disputes. In particular, after the secret agreement between the Big Three was signed at Tehran in 1943, attempts were made by British officials to use the Polish Service as a platform to convince the Polish Underground and, by extension, the Polish population, to agree to Stalin’s demands. In general, any subjects which could be perceived by Stalin as offensive were labelled as ‘sensitive’ and expunged from the broadcasts. The evidence in this thesis therefore suggests that the overall output of the Polish service was at times subject to wider constraints determined by allied foreign policy goals and in particular the relationship between Britain and the Soviet Union in the defeat of Nazi Germany.
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Pinkerton, Alasdair Douglas. "Radio geopolitics : the BBC world service and britain's 'voice around the world'." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445003.
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Abubakar, Abdullahi Tasiu. "Media consumption amid contestation : Northern Nigerians' engagement with the BBC World Service." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2011. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/8zwqz/media-consumption-amid-contestation-northern-nigerians-engagement-with-the-bbc-world-service.
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This study primarily examines the dynamics of the long-term relationship between the BBC World Service and its mainly Muslim Northern Nigerian audiences. It broadly explores the pattern and consequences of Northern Nigerians’ interactions with international media, focusing particularly on their engagement with the BBC World Service. Employing a multidimensional qualitative research approach, the study examines the historical background of the relationship, the transformations it has undergone, and how the current dynamics of global geopolitics and advances in communications technologies are redefining it. It looks at the complex processes and procedures of both media content production and reception. On the production side, it unveils the BBC’s contradictory functions of providing ‘impartial’ international news service and promoting British public diplomacy, the complexity of its relationship with the Foreign and Commonwealth Office, and the nature of its engagement with distribution technologies. On the reception side, the mainly Muslim Northern Nigerians are found to be high consumers of BBC news and current affairs programmes but with considerable level of selectivity. Although they see BBC as the most credible international broadcaster that aids their comprehension of international affairs and generally influences their everyday life, they still regard it as essentially a Western cultural and ideological instrument that portrays the West positively and depicts the Muslim world and Africa negatively. The findings point to patterns and particularities of postcolonial transnational audiences’ consumption of media that suggest new conceptual and theoretical strands in reception research. They indicate audiences’ tendency to exhibit a phenomenon of selective believability in their interactions with transnational media; the mediating role of religion, culture and ideology in such interactions; and the dynamics of credibility and believability. Credibility is found to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for believability in audiences’ consumption of dissonant media messages.
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Dee, Constance R. "Music and propaganda : Soviet music and the BBC during the Second World War." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505332.
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During the Second World War, specifically after the Nazi invasion of the USSR on 22 June 1941, Britain was forced to rethink its stance on the Soviet Union. Aside from improving diplomatic relations, there was the question of how to present the Soviet Union to the British population. The Government feared that the British Left would promote Communism by capitalising on the public's new-found support for the Soviet Union, which was an understandable concern given that Communist Party membership in Britain rose from 12,000 in 1941 to 65,000 in September 1942. Steps were therefore taken by the British Government to outdo the Communist Party and its affiliates. To do this, it was decided that the endorsement of Anglo-Soviet relations might be less politically orientated and instead gravitate towards cultural achievements, allowing the issue of Communism to be sidelined. Broadcasting, having the ability to reach the majority of the population, was put to use as a way to influence and shape the thoughts of the public. This thesis presents a case study in Anglo-Soviet cultural propaganda, each chapter detailing a specific event or radio programme organised and broadcast by the BBC during the period of 1941-1945. More specifically the focus is on what Russian, and especially Soviet music, was used and for what purpose. The first chapter examines the arguments and internal correspondence surrounding the banning of the `Internationale', then the Soviet anthem, on the BBC. The following chapter demonstrates the complexities in Anglo-Soviet cultural relations by exploring a birthday concert organised by the BBC for Joseph Stalin in December 1941, at a time when the Soviet anthem was still banned. The two succeeding chapters chronicle the BBC's involvement in the celebrations of significant dates on the Soviet calendar, specifically Soviet National Day and Red Army Day. The chapter on Soviet National Day discusses the BBC's 1942 broadcast of Prokofiev's Alexander Nevsky Cantata and two movements from Shostakovich's `Leningrad' Symphony; however, the main focus is an examination of a three-hour broadcast on both the Home and Forces Services of Soviet-themed programmes for Soviet National Day 1943. The Red Army Day chapter discusses Britain's celebrations for the 25t" anniversary of the Red Army in February 1943, which showcased a variety of British and Soviet music in the form of pageantry, and the less elaborate celebrations for the 26th anniversary in 1944, which used only British music. This thesis will illustrate how the media, in particular the BBC Home Service, were used to further the Government's political agenda, while at the same time shaping British culture during the Second World War and paving the way for an enhanced appreciation of Soviet music in Britain in the years to come.
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Marinkovic, Sladana. "Reporting the news : the discourse in two newscasts on a fire in Rhode Island night club." Thesis, University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-1473.
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Launchbury, Claire Louise. "Music in transmission constructing French cultural memory at the BBC during the second world war." Thesis, University of London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.536890.
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Andersson, Jan. "Live news broadcasting : credibility vs. entertainment." Thesis, University West, Department of Social and Behavioural Studies, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-1478.
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Johnson, Laura Marie. "Establishing broadcast monitoring as Open Source Intelligence : the BBC Monitoring Service during the Second World War." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2013. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/establishing-broadcast-monitoring-as-open-source-intelligence(6f680ea6-3fb7-41b9-a93d-321ce446e835).html.
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Given the recent surge of interest in Open Source Intelligence (OSINT), surprisingly little attention has been devoted to existing open source agencies or their historic role. As the first full length academic study of the BBC Monitoring Service, this thesis seeks to examine one of the earliest historic attempts to systematically manage and exploit publicly available, open source information for intelligence purposes. It utilises the Imperial War Museum’s rarely used collection of BBC Monitoring transcripts, in conjunction with traditional archival sources and oral interviews, to trace the origins, processes and institutional structure developed by the Monitoring Service during its formative years. This study further assesses the collection priorities of BBC Monitoring during World War Two, traces the historic flow of monitored material around the wartime Government and BBC, and establishes the institutional role of BBCM in the conduct of Britain’s war effort. Three case study chapters, focusing on the outbreak of war, Dunkirk and D-Day, particularly assess the process and detailed collection priorities of the Monitoring Service during key events throughout the war. This study thus makes a contribution to the historic picture of British intelligence during World War Two, and is bound to encourage future study of the BBC Monitoring Service and its archives. Overall, the BBC Monitoring Service is judged a historic success story. This thesis argues that this success can be attributed to three key qualities developed during the wartime period: trust, breadth, and adaptability. The organisation established a relationship of trust with the Government; developed and maintained a remarkable breadth of broadcast coverage; and showed a constant ability to adapt to both customer demands and changing strategic priorities.
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Schenk, Susan. "Das Islambild im internationalen Fernsehen ein Vergleich der Nachrichtensender Al Jazeera English, BBC World und CNN International." Berlin Frank & Timme, 2009. http://d-nb.info/99247308X/04.
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Bennett, James. "Your window-on-the-world : interactive television, the BBC and the second shift aesthetics of public service broadcasting." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2424/.
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The impetus for this project was to consider how the digitalisation of television stood as an important moment to re-evaluate key concepts and debates within television studies. To this end, my focus is on public service broadcasting and television studies' textual tradition. I examine how linear models of the television text are challenged, usurped and at times reinforced by interactive television's emergent non-linear, personalisable forms. In so doing, I am concerned to analyse interactive television's textual structures in relation to the BBC's position as a public service broadcaster in the digital television age. Across these two concerns I aim to historicise the moment of digitalisation, drawing on longer positionings of television's technological and cultural form as a 'window-on-the-world'. An introduction is followed by section 1 of the thesis that includes a review of key literature in the field, focusing particularly on work on the 'text' of television studies. The chapters in section 1 mix this review with an historical argument that understand the current digital television era as one of 'excess', placing television at the boundaries of new and old media concerns that can be usefully understood through the presence of a dialectic between television's position as window-on-the-world and its emergent position as 'portal'. Section 1 demonstrates how this dialectic is called up by the prominence of discourses of 'choice' in new media practices and textualities and, more importantly, the debates about public service broadcasting's role in the digital age. As I go on to show in section 2, this dialectic evidences a tension between the 'imaginative journeys' television's window offers and the way in which these are then 'rationalised'. The second half of the thesis maps out emergent textual forms of interactive television by analysing the way choice and mobility are structured, providing a series of case studies in non-fiction television genres. Chapter 4 demonstrates the persistence of key discourses subsumed within the window-on-the-world metaphor in the formation and 'everydaying' of interactive television, elucidating key institutional and gendered tensions in the way these discourses are mobilised in the digital age. In turn, Chapter 5 connects the kinds of mobility promised by interactive television's window to longer historical practices of public institutions regulating spectator movement. Chapter 6 examines how television's window has been explicitly remediated by interactive television, placing it within the 'database' ontologies of computing. Finally Chapter 7 demonstrates the way in which television's window increasingly comes to function as a portal through which to access digital media spaces, such as the Internet. Across the chapters I am concerned to connect the textual and discursive form of each case study to the academic debates and public service concerns of the various applications' generic identity. Although I am interested in the challenges television's digitalisation poses to both public service broadcasting and traditional television studies approaches to the text, a more important motivation has been to re-affirm the role of both in the digital television landscape. Thus through close textual analysis that connects aesthetics with production and regulation, the thesis aims to demonstrate the relevance of television studies and the BBC, as a public service broadcaster, as an 'old media' becomes a 'new' one.
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Skuse, Andrew. "'Negotiated outcomes' : an ethnography of the production and consumption of a BBC World Service radio soap opera for Afghanistan." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.364571.
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This study examines the production and consumption of a BBC World Service soap opera called New Home, New Life that is produced for the radio listening public of Afghanistan. Ethnographic fieldwork was undertaken at the BBC's radio production unit in northern Pakistan and in Pashtun communities within rural and urban areas in south-east and central Afghanistan. Critically informed by a material culture perspective, this thesis promotes a relational approach to the study of mass media production and consumption, this being perceived to represent an advance on studies that ignore spheres of production in favour of audience consumption. The choices and resources that listeners invest in radio services is addressed from the standpoint of the structuring of relations of trust, which in turn is related to issues of popularity, conflict and domestic radio use. The structures and prosaic daily patterns of radio soap opera production are addressed, with analysis being deepened to examine the production definition and audience appropriation of the soap opera's fictive context and characters. Here, issues of episodic and melodramatic structure also come to the fore. The representation of politics and religion represents a critical aspect of production, consumption and BBC impartiality, yet beneath policy it is shown that a far more social and negotiated form of production occurs. Following this analysis, the issues of localisation, romance and producer-consumer articulations are considered. Finally, the sociality of the soap opera is traced through audience gossip and the impact that emotive storylines have upon male and female listeners. Here, the issues of gender and space emerge in analytical focus.
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Andronaco, Simona. "Strategic Narratives in Media Representations of the Refugee Crisis of 2015 : A Comparative Study between RT and BBC World News." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-159803.
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As immigration turns into the scapegoat of political and social tensions all over the world and politicians that seem to be talking about migration flows communicate instead their conception of the world and where it should head, this study investigates the refugee crisis of 2015 as represented in the two global television channels RT and BBCW. Widely studied for the depiction the press gives of the refugees, for the first time the refugee crisis is analyzed as an arena where competing understandings of international relations are constructed, in a media ecology where a myriad of actors have a chance to foreground their truth and where wars are fought, and possibly won, through the weapons of values, culture and the attraction they exercise (Nye Jr. 1990, 2013). Borrowing the concept of strategic narratives from international relations (Miskimmon et al. 2013) and applying it to textual analysis, the study employs framing analysis to operationalize it and explores a sample of 144 news items (74 from RT and 70 from BBCW) broadcast in August and September 2015 to retrace the narratives of the two channels. It finds out that, although conflicting with each other, both RT’s and BBCW’s narratives are strategic and aim at constructing a past, present and future of international relations that can influence what we expect, consider acceptable or conceivable on the international theater. The channels’ narratives are about the destiny of Europe and countries, depicting a reality that still responds to old Cold War dividing lines. An analysis of the actors allowed to speak and represented as acting confirms that in RT and BBCW political elites and the nations they represent have a greater chance, compared to other actors, to define international politics and shape shared understandings of how international relations works and where it is heading.
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Rewinkel, Kimberly Erin. "Representations of Housewife Identity in BBC Home Front Radio Broadcasts, 1939-1945." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1363267060.
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Morris, John Vincent. "Battle for music : music and British wartime propaganda 1935-1945." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/3260.
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The use of classical music as a tool of propaganda in Britain during the War can be seen to have been an effective deployment both of the German masters and of a new spirit of England in the furtherance of British values and its point of view. Several distinctions were made between various forms of propaganda and institutions of government played complementary roles during the War. Propaganda took on various guises, including the need to boost morale on the Home Front in live performances. At the outset of the War, orchestras were under threat, with the experience of the London Philharmonic exemplifying the difficulties involved in maintaining a professional standard of performance. The activities of bodies such as the Council for the Encouragement of Music and the Arts played a role in encouraging music, as did the British Council’s Music Advisory Committee, which co-operated with the BBC and the government, activities including the commissioning of new music. The BBC’s policies towards music broadcasting were arrived at in reaction to public demand rather than from an ideological basis and were developed through the increasing monitoring of German broadcasts and a growing understanding of what was required for both home and overseas transmission. Beethoven’s Fifth Symphony became an important part of the Victory campaign and there was even an attempt at reviving the Handel Cult of the Nineteenth Century. German music was also used in feature film but pre-eminent composers such as William Walton and Ralph Vaughan Williams contributed to the War effort by writing film music too. The outstanding example is Vaughan Williams’ music for Powell and Pressburger’s Ministry of Information sponsored 49th Parallel, in which the relationship between music and politics is made in a reference to Thomas Mann’s The Magic Mountain. Vaughan Williams’ non-film output included the greatest British orchestral work to have come out of the War, his Fifth Symphony; a work that encapsulated all the values that the institutions of public life sought to promote.
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Demonget, Ariane. "Les stations de radiodiffusion internationale et la question européenne : analyses autour de BBC World Service, e la Deutsche Welle Radio et de RFI." Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30048.
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La fin de la Guerre froide engendre une remise en question de la radiodiffusion internationale, dont la fonction de « substitution » n'est plus légitimée. Ce bouleversement mondial permet aussi une accélération de la construction européenne. Les stations de radiodiffusion internationale BBC World Service (BBCWS), Deutsche Welle Radio (DWR) et Radio France Internationale (RFI) se trouvent à la fois dans l'obligation et dans la nécessité de traiter de l'Europe, que le « tournant », rend politiquement réalisable. En effet, ces stations, qui représentent trois pays piliers de l'Union européenne, et qui sont mues par une vocation internationale, devraient être un vecteur prioritaire de l’opinion publique européenne. En fait, ces trois stations traitent bien de l'Europe, mais des divergences se font jour d'une station à l'autre. Tout d'abord, les émissions dédiées à l'Europe sont souvent liées à des subventions proposées par l'Union européenne, afin que le sujet « Europe » soit plus présent dans les médias et que les citoyens européens s'y familiarisent. Ensuite, RFI et la DWR créent, et parfois, pérennisent des émissions de partenariat et produisent aussi des émissions propres à leur station, avec l'aide des subventions européennes. À contrario, le BBCWS évite les partenariats et les subventions, et l'unique émission consacrée à l'Europe perdure sur toute la période analysée (2004-2009). Enfin, la DWR manifeste un engouement particulier pour le sujet européen, en lui dédiant des émissions nombreuses, variées, mais aussi, souvent éphémères. Aussi, ces trois stations n'apparaissent pas nécessairement comme des vecteurs prioritaires de l’opinion publique européenne<br>The end of the Cold war generates a challenge to international broadcasters, since the purpose of “substitution” is no longer legitimate. This world upheaval allows also an acceleration of european integration. The international broadcasters BBC World Service (BBCWS), Deutsche Welle Radio (DWR) and Radio France Internationale (RFI) need and at the same time have no other option than to deal with the European issue, now made politically feasible by the “turning point”. These three stations driven by an international scope and representing mainstays of the European Union should in fact be a primary vehicle for the European public opinion. As a matter of fact, the three stations indeed deal with the European issue but differences emerge from one station to another. First, radio broadcasts dedicated to Europe are often linked to grants offered by the European Union for the european issue to be more prevalent in the media and for the citizens to become familiar with it. Then, RFI and DWR create and sometimes perpetuate joint radio broadcasts as well as produce some other broadcasts for their very own stations often with the help of the European grants. The BBCWS on the other hand avoids partnerships and grants and the only broadcast devoted to Europe lasts throughtout the era analyzed here (2004-2009). At last, the DWR shows an evident enthusiasm for the topic of “Europe” dedicating numerous and varied but often short-lived broadcasts. Also, these three stations do not necessarily seem to be primary vehicles for the European public opinion
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Johnston, Lisette May. "Reporting the Syria conflict on television (2011-2014) : how the use of user generated content (UGC) has shaped BBC World News TV coverage and affected journalistic practices." Thesis, City, University of London, 2016. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/18077/.
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This thesis examines the ways in which user-generated content (UGC) has been used by BBC journalists to cover the conflict in Syria, and how journalistic working practices have altered. The data collection methods included a content analysis of news reports about Syria which aired on BBC World News TV from 2011 to 2014, staff interviews and newsroom observations. Syria has been a challenging story to report as often news organisations have had very little, if any, presence in the country, forcing journalists to rely on UGC produced inside the country to depict events. Results show the task of sourcing UGC and putting it through a verification process involved a steep learning curve for many BBC journalists during the Arab uprisings and remains a complex process. Journalists and producers had to adapt to new ways of locating content, particularly on digital platforms, developing new skills to enable them to carry out ‘social media newsgathering’. In doing so they harnessed expertise from across the BBC, including BBC Arabic and BBC Monitoring. These changes have happened as the BBC has created more digital news products. However, there were systematic failings in the ways that BBC News passed on information about the UGC used in its news reports to its audiences, particularly verification warnings and the crediting of content. While journalists have become more social media and technology savvy, UGC is still not fully understood by BBC newsrooms, though it is regularly used to cover breaking stories and news. This thesis contributes to a body of literature examining how UGC is used by news outlets and also revisits established theories to consider the extent to which journalists continue to be information gatekeepers or ‘gatewatchers’ when audiences have access to news on numerous social, mobile and digital platforms.
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Askin, Berrin. "The Role Of The Global Media In World Politics: A Case Of Iraq War Of 2003." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/2/12607152/index.pdf.
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This thesis analyzes the role of the global media in world politics. The global media as a major source of information performs many functions in world politics. Due to the technological innovations both the global media and world politics has extended their scope and content. It is the aim of this thesis to explore to what extent the global media and world politics changes and to what extent the global media affect world politics. Moreover, this thesis aims to analyze the actors that play a significant role in the relation of global media and world politics. This thesis will also question the importance and effects of global media in world politics through the examples of Iraq War of 2003. This thesis argues that global media are the important actor of world politics by their agenda-setting, impediment and accelerant effects which influences public opinion. The aim of this thesis is to question the power of the global media on public opinion through the existential media structures, while showing the effects of global media by the examples of Iraq War of 2003.
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Wehr, Kathryn Hannah. "Bible and theology at work : the creative energy of Dorothy L. Sayers' 'The Man Born to be King'." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/12083.
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This study centres on the biblical and theological work behind Dorothy L. Sayers' 12-part play-cycle, The Man Born to be King, aired on the BBC between 1941-42. Investigation begins by testing various unsubstantiated statements by biographers and scholars through a line-by-line analysis of the scripts, the results of which can be found in two large tables of information about how Sayers used each pericope in the Gospels (Appendix A) and a list of every known biblical reference within the play-cycle (Appendix C). Sayers' reported privileging of the Gospel of John gives way to evidence that Synoptic content outweighs Johannine by sheer bulk of material while preference is clearly given to stories that appear in both John and the Synoptics. Sayers' reported avoidance of the Authorized Version gives way to limited but consistent use of the AV for the narrator, for Old Testament quotations, and a special use of the Coverdale Psalms from the Book of Common Prayer. A study of Sayers' six secondary sources shows significant influence upon historic details and characterisation. By covering new ground through in-depth script and source analysis, these studies reveal, expand upon, and often contradict previous assumptions regarding Sayers' sources and working process. In the area of theological studies, investigation begins with Sayers' own claim that she had no original theology—that she merely re-stated the Church's teaching. First, Sayers' identity as an Anglo-Catholic is explored to understand what she means by ‘Catholic' and ‘the Church'. Having thus located Sayers within a particular tradition, Sayers' Christology (building upon her emphasis on the Creed) and Eschatology (building upon her chosen theme of the Kingship of Christ) within the plays are considered within their broader context of early twentieth-century Anglo-Catholic and wider theology. Sayers' theological originality is then proposed in relation to how she brought theology to life in dramatic form.
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Ceder, Madeleine. "Storytelling techniques in protest reporting : A comparative analysis of narratives on the Ferguson unrest by AJE, BBCW and RT." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-149085.
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In a global media environment characterized by change and conflict, narratives are especially useful to understand how the media form and distribute shared understanding of how the world works and who the important actors are. As the borders between local and global politics are blurred in the digital media landscape, protesters are in increased rate turning their placards to global broadcasters’ cameras, especially when political movements such as the U.S.-based Black Lives Matter movement get international counterparts. The scholarship concerned with the framework through which the media report protests argue the protest paradigm offers useful variables for the study of protests, while problematizing the lack of research on global broadcasting media. Global broadcasters, International Relations scholars argue, need to be understood as resources of soft power that distribute strategic narratives, but they have yet to develop a methodology for how broadcasts can be empirically studied. With this research gap as a point of departure, the chosen case study is the unrest in Ferguson in August 2014. A quantitative mapping and a comparative narrative analysis focusing on the narrative structure were conducted on 16 days of news bulletins from Al Jazeera English, BBC World News and RT. The results show several differences in the reports, the first concerns the amount of attention that was given to Ferguson by each broadcaster, where RT gave almost twice the amount of attention as the other two broadcasters. Further differences were found in the sources each broadcaster used and how they used violence as an entry-point to what their narratives where about, which in the case of AJE was the effects violence has on a society; BBCW’s narrative was of a political issue of high importance that concerns people of color; whereas RT’s narrative was about the militarization of the U.S. police force. The results imply the global broadcasters offer distinctive narratives, which through different storytelling techniques convey different attitudes and morals.
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Elena, Muiña Martin. "El Uso de medios sociales como fuente de información en periodismo internacional: cadenas globales de televisión en la cobertura de conflictos protagonizados por movientos sociales (2011-2017)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/664611.
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La presente tesis tiene como objetivo investigar el uso de los medios sociales cuando son utilizados como fuente de información en tres de las principales cadenas de televisión de noticias globales, como son BBC World News, CNN y Al Jazeera English. Nos centramos en cómo estas cadenas realizan la cobertura de conflictos protagonizados por movimientos sociales, dado que los medios sociales son habituales en la comunicación de dichos movimientos. Analizamos tres de los conflictos más destacados de los últimos años como son la Primavera Árabe en Egipto (2011), la revuelta de Maidan en Ucrania (2013) y las protestas contra Maduro en Venezuela (2017). Previamente se ha analizado la presencia de medios sociales como fuente en la cobertura de TV3 en Egipto como test metodológico. Combinaremos el análisis de contenido y la entrevista semiestructurada a los periodistas como técnicas de investigación cualitativas.<br>Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu analitzar l’ús dels social media quan aquests son utilitzats com a font d’informació per tres de les principals cadenes de televisió de noticies globals com son la BBC World News, CNN i Al Jazeera English. Ens centrem en com aquestes cadenes realitzen la cobertura de conflictes protagonitzats per moviments socials, ja que aquests moviments utilitzen habitualment els social media en la seva comunicació. Analitzem tres dels conflictes més destacats dels últims anys com son la Primavera Àrab a Egipte (2011), la revolta de Maidan a Ucraïna (2013) i les protestes contra Maduro a Veneçuela (2017). Prèviament s’ha analitzat la presència de social media com a font d’informació a la cobertura de TV3 a Egipte com a test metodològic. Combinarem l’anàlisi de contingut i l’entrevista semiestructurada a periodistes com a tècniques de recerca qualitatives.<br>The objective of this thesis is to investigate the use of social media when they are used as a source of information in three of the main global news television channels, such as the BBC World News, CNN and Al Jazeera English. We focus on how these broadcasters perform the coverage of conflicts carried out by social movements, given that social media are common in the communication of these movements. We analyze three of the most outstanding conflicts of recent years such as the Arab Spring in Egypt (2011), the Maidan revolt in Ukraine (2013) and the protests against Maduro in Venezuela (2017). Previously, the presence of social media has been analyzed as a source in TV3 coverage in Egypt as a methodological test. In order to do this we combine content analysis and semi-structured interviews with journalists as qualitative research techniques.
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Truter, Elsie. "Plague in the Graeco-Roman world, 430 B.C.-A.D. 600." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17682.
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Bibliography: pages 115-125.<br>This dissertation concerns itself with the study of epidemics between 430 B.C. - A.D. 600, in an attempt to find positive evidence for the existence of bubonic plague in the ancient world. Most major studies on the Black Death have concerned themselves with the great pandemics of the Middle Ages and none (to my knowledge), have systematically examined the ancient records for earlier evidence of the disease. The time period chosen for this study, from the Athenian Plague to the Plague of Justinian, contains some relatively well documented epidemics, which has made it possible, in some cases, to identify the disease. Plague is a complicated disease, dependent on numerous factors for its successful spread, but few historians have considered this. The word 'plague' was loosely used in ancient texts to denote any epidemic disease with a high mortality rate and not a specific microbial infection. Most historians however translate 'plague' as bubonic plague and make no attempt at a medical analysis of the symptoms given by a particular author. The point of this dissertation is to examine the ancient epidemics from a medical as well as a historical angle. Our evidence for the existence of epidemic diseases comes from a variety of sources, and these are examined. Sculptures and frescoes show numerous chronic and acute disorders. Human remains have shown evidence of certain diseases, while animal and parasitic remains have helped to confirm the existence of certain species instrumental in the spread of a specific disease. However, written texts are the most reliable source for obtaining a detailed account of the symptoms and accurate interpretation of these texts is therefore important. To achieve this, the symptoms mentioned by an ancient author are compared and contrasted, through the use of tables, with the symptoms of some of the known infectious diseases of today. This dissertation will show that epidemics which were previously labelled plague could either not be identified as such, or were misdiagnosed. Evidence does point to the existence of bubonic plague in the ancient world, but it never reached epidemic proportions until A.D. 600.
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Hanson, John William. "An urban geography of the Roman world, 100 B.C. to A.D. 300." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f7f02498-4ae1-4ff0-81f6-aad909f041b1.
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Although there have been numerous studies of individual cities or groups of cities, there has never been a study of the urbanism of the Roman world as a whole, meaning that we have been poorly informed not only about the number of cities and how they were distributed and changed over time, but also about their sizes and populations, monumentality, and civic status. This thesis provides a new account of the urbanism of the Roman world between 100 B.C. and A.D. 300. To do so, it draws on a combination of textual sources and archaeological material to provide a new catalogue of cities, calculates new estimates of their areas and uses a range of population densities to estimate their populations, and brings together available information about their monumentality and civic status for the first time. This evidence demonstrates that, although there were relatively few cities, many had considerable sizes and populations, substantial amounts of monumentality, and held various kinds of civic status. This indicates that there was significant economic growth in this period, including both extensive and intensive economic growth, which resulted from an influx of wealth through conquest and the intrinsic changes that came with Roman rule (including the expansion of urbanism). This evidence also suggests that there was a system that was characterised by areas of intense urban demand, which were met through an efficient system for the extraction of necessity and luxury goods from immediate hinterlands and an effective system for bringing these items from further afield. The disruption of these links seems to have put this system under considerable strain towards the end of this period and may have been sufficient to cause its ultimate collapse. This appears to have been in marked contrast to the medieval and early modern periods, when urbanism was more able to respond to changes in supply and demand.
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Martinez, Lacy José Ricardo Francisco. "Opposition in the Hellenistic world : non-citizen revolts between 323 and 30 B.C." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/272522.
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de, Marcellus Henri Venable. "The origins and nature of the Attic ephebeia to 200 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f41d34a4-d3e9-4113-8694-1a58d92f4108.
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This thesis examines the Athenian ephebeia, from its creation to 200 B.C. The primary aim of the study is to examine the forces which led to the perception of a need for the ephebeia and which influenced its creation. After describing the institution and then investigating the available evidence for its foundation date, I argue that the "formal ephebeia" was created in 335 B.C. and was substantially different in form from anything which had preceded it. There were, however, some antecedent aspects of the ephebeia which can be traced to earlier times. The following two chapters examine forces in the fifth and early fourth century which contributed to the creation of the ephebeia. The first is an examination of Greek military innovation in the fourth century and of new Athenian defensive policy. The second investigates a "discourse" of educational thought which was present in the intellectual circles of Athens in the fourth century, the nature of which can be found in writings of the "Socratic" philosophers. In the fifth chapter I descrive the environment of "Lycurgan Athens" and argue that the ephebeia was a deliberately "invented tradition" which suited its ideological context. The final chapter examines all available evidence for the history of the organization from 322 to 200 B.C., charting a transformation of the institution. There are two appendices: one on the demography of late fourth century Athens and its relationship to the ephebeia, the other on the life-dates of Menander and the year of his ephebate. There are also two catalogues of inscriptions. The first provides all fourth century ephebic inscriptions since the publication of Reinmuth's collection (or changes to those). The second provides all published third century ephebic inscriptions and some from the early second century.
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Makara, Pamela. "The Sanctuary at Epidauros and Cult-based Networking in the Greek World of the Fourth Century B.C." The Ohio State University, 1992. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1392810479.
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Tadeo, Calderón de la Barca Jessica Ruth, and La Rosa Jorge Abraham Girao. "Análisis, diseño e implementación de un sistema Web B2C multiempresa." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/4566.
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El presente proyecto de tesis consiste en el análisis, diseño e implementación
de un sistema Web B2C (Business to Consumer) que permita a múltiples
pequeñas y medianas empresas peruanas vender sus productos en línea y
publicitar sus locales de atención con la finalidad de promover también la
venta física de productos en dichos locales.
La propuesta de este sistema surge como consecuencia del análisis del
estado del comercio electrónico en el Perú. El sistema propuesto será
altamente configurable y adaptable a los diferentes rubros de negocio de las
empresas afiliadas.
El presente documento ha sido estructurado en 5 capítulos como se describe
a continuación.
En el capítulo 1 se presenta la identificación del problema que originó la
propuesta de la presente solución, los objetivos y resultados esperados.
También se detallan las metodologías de gestión de proyectos y de desarrollo
de software que se seguirán. Finalmente se analizan herramientas similares
existentes en el mercado y se justifica la realización del presente proyecto.
En el capítulo 2 se identifican los requerimientos del sistema, los actores,
módulos y clases de análisis. También se presentan los principales diagramas
de estado que permitirán comprender el flujo de la información en el sistema.
En el capítulo 3 se presenta la arquitectura de la solución desde diferentes
vistas y también los principios básicos del diseño de la interfaz de usuario.
En el capítulo 4 se presentan las principales características de la construcción
de la solución propuesta y se describen las pruebas que se realizarán.
Finalmente, en el capítulo 5 se presentan las conclusiones del presente
proyecto y las recomendaciones para trabajos futuros.<br>Tesis
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Mitchell, Alexandre G. "Comic pictures in Greek vase painting : humour in the polis and the Dionysian world in the sixth and fifth centuries B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248968.
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Raftopoulos, Helen Georgia. "The history of Greek olive oil and perfumed oil and their containers in the Greek world between 1100 and 480 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308874.
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Chiroiu, Luiza-Silvia. "Protesting Sport : A Comparative Study of Media Representations of the London Olympics, Sochi Olympics and Brazil World Cup in AJE, BBCW and RT." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-133493.
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Global sport competitions such as the Olympics and the World Cup were founded following universal principles of unity and peace and aiming to be celebrations of sportsmanship. Nowadays, however, they go beyond sport, being constructed as global media events in which both politics and media play an essential role. Caught in this triangle, the Olympics and the World Cup have re-emerged in the past years as sites of protests, after decades of relative calmness in this sense. This represents the point of entry into the analysis of global broadcasters, giving the chance to examine the way in which Al Jazeera English, BBC World News and Russia Today represent the protests they put in relation to sport competitions happening in different parts of the world. The chosen case studies are the London Olympics 2012, Sochi Olympics 2014 and Brazil World Cup 2014. The comparative analysis allows the drawing of similarities and differences between both the case studies and the broadcasters overall. The findings show that protests are dealt with differently according to the sport event they are related to, since some of them are legitimized and others are not. A major distinction, therefore, results in the manner in which the broadcasters use the protests in order to depict a certain version of the world. Global broadcasters offer, thus, multiple perspectives on the world as they carry what appears to be a heavy cultural baggage of the societies of origin.
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Islam, Saidul. "Studies towards the chemical origins of life." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/studies-towards-the-chemical-origins-of-life(afeac977-39db-4caa-bcbc-63643f5e9f3e).html.
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The 'RNA World' hypothesis states that RNA was the first living system on the primitive Earth, where it carried out dual genotypic and phenotypic functions. Therefore, RNA must have self-assembled by purely chemical means from small prebiotic feedstock molecules. A plausible demonstration of the synthesis of RNA with the natural [5'→3'] phosphodiester linkage, and its self-replication has not been achieved so far. Some have speculated a 'simpler' informational polymer preceded it, and biology based on this polymer subsequently 'invented' RNA. The structurally simpler L-α-threofuranosyl nucleic acid (TNA) has been proposed as a primordial ancestor to RNA. A study into the potential self-assembly of TNA nucleotides was carried out. It is shown that as a direct result of TNA's structural simplicity, its generational chemistry is more difficult than RNA. The tetrose aminooxazolines are unstable under the conditions of its formation. The tetrose anhydronucleosides efficiently incorporate phosphate to form activated tetrose cytidine-2',3'-cyclic phosphates, but with the wrong stereochemistry. Strong support for the 'RNA world' hypothesis came from a report in 2009 of the prebiotic synthesis of activated pyridimine ribonucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates. Oligomerisation studies were carried out on these activated monomers with various catalysts, and NMR studies were carried out to determine the aspects of their reactivity. It was found that only short oligomers are formed. However, nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates were found to selectively hydrolyse to a 2:1 mixture of 3' and 2'-monophosphates, and this observation was considered as etiologically relevant. Nucleoside-2' and 3'-monophosphates cyclise back to nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates upon phosphate activation, and so cannot be considered as direct candidates for oligomerisation. A chemistry that selectively uses the nucleoside-3'-phosphate for the synthesis of RNA, and recycles the unwanted 2'-phosphate would be highly desirable. Thus, a regio- and chemoselective reaction that selectively acetylates monomer and oligomer nucleoside-3'-phosphates at the 2'-hydroxyl in water is presented. Nucleoside-2'-phosphates are shown to acetylate less efficiently, and show a greater propensity to recyclise back to nucleoside-2',3'-cyclic phosphates. Purine nucleotides were also found to acetylate better than pyrimidines. This potentially primordial protecting group chemistry approach towards the prebiotic synthesis of RNA is conceptually novel, and has the potential to give a natural [5'→3'] phosphodiester linkage isomer. It is considered as a major step towards solving the long-standing problem of non-enzymatic self-replication of RNA.
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Witts, Mary Elizabeth. "Devising Biblical drama to inhabit proposed worlds : enabling Ricoeurian interpretation in orally focused church communities." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/devising-biblical-drama-to-inhabit-proposed-worlds(1203831c-4198-41a7-bbcf-00534ebdb4d1).html.
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“What shows itself is a proposed world, a world I may inhabit, and wherein I can project my ownmost possibilities” (Paul Ricoeur). This research investigates devised biblical drama as an alternative hermeneutic for orally focused churches, whose practical problems in engaging with Scripture leave them at the unintended margins of the global churches’ world of assumed literacy. The work builds on a Ricoeurian perception of Scripture as a dynamic of time, telling and tradition that offers a drawing invitation to Christians to enter and inhabit its proposed worlds of anticipative and participative remembering, beckoning towards life in the now-and-not-yet of the kingdom of God. A telling case is offered by the orally focused Anglican Churches in Gambella (Ethiopia), through the reflective voices of their church leaders, and through the illustration of their dramas: seen within the innovation of fresh interpretation, and also through the sedimentation of their tradition of drama. Firstly, the nature and interpretative process of devising biblical drama is investigated, demonstrating that this holistic, creative, and communal, contextualized approach to Scripture entwines aspects of criticality and orality through its conversational questioning and imagining of Scripture that is enhanced through practical embodiment. The research proposes that the embodied, enacted, mimetic form of drama offers a liminality that enables participative inhabitation of the proposed worlds of Scripture. Secondly, the developing tradition of Anglican biblical dramas in Gambella is investigated. These dramas inherit, form, participate in, and hand on the tradition of Christian cultural memory on which these churches are founded, through a proclamation of Scripture that is made manifest within present event. This research argues that both forms of drama offer participative possibilities for faithful and formative, hopeful inhabitation of the proposed worlds of Scripture, and so could offer potential gifts to the wider church.
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Zamazalová, S. "Claiming the world : geographical conceptions and royal ideology in the Neo-Assyrian Empire, with focus on the reign of Sargon II (721-705 B.C.)." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1415714/.
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The thesis investigates the way in which the world and its various aspects are presented in sources from the Neo-Assyrian empire, and how they relate to the ideology of kingship. The investigation follows a two-pronged approach, exploring natural landmarks such as watercourses, lakes, seas and oceans, as well as man-made landmarks in the form of cities and toponyms used to label the Assyrian and non-Assyrian worlds. These are analysed in the context of a wide range of textual and visual sources, including royal inscriptions and reliefs, archival documents such as correspondence and administrative texts, and scribal and literary compositions. While the role of geographical conceptions in shaping and promoting royal ideology forms the underlying theme of the research, this is contrasted where possible with perceptions of the world in administration, scholarship and literature. The result is a rich and multi-layered picture in which different ways of seeing the world emerge from different types of sources. The main chronological focus of the study is the reign of Sargon II (r. 721–705 B.C.). It was during this period that the world view presented in official documents underwent an important shift, from the traditional “four corners” model, in which seas and lakes defined the extent of the known world, to a world encircled by the “Bitter Stream” (marratu), a permeable barrier to lands beyond. The new model is closely linked to a literary source, the Babylonian Map of the World, for which a new date is suggested. The evolution of the “Bitter Stream” world view and the perceptions of other landmarks are placed in a wider historical, administrative, scholarly and literary context in order to elucidate broader patterns of influence and underline the connection between ideology and political reality.
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Reimers, Mia. "The glamour and the horror a social history of wartime, northwestern British Columbia, 1939-1945 /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0029/MQ62493.pdf.
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Jones, David Kenneth. "The music of Jeffrey Lewis." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2011. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-music-of-jeffrey-lewis(b712684d-e7c0-4194-9932-e484dd60a2e0).html.
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The present thesis investigates the music and career of Jeffrey Lewis (born 1942). The thesis is broadly divided into three sections. First is an account of the composer’s life, told mainly through an overview of his works, but also through a sketch of his early years in South Wales, his studies in Cardiff, Darmstadt, Kraków and Paris, his academic career in Leeds and Bangor, and his subsequent early retirement from academia. There follows a more detailed study of six works from the period 1978 – 1985, during which certain features of Lewis’s musical language came to the fore, perhaps most notably a very individual and instantly recognisable use of modal language. After an Epilogue, the thesis concludes with an Appendix in the form of a Catalogue in which all Lewis’s known compositions are listed, together with details of performances, broadcasts and recordings. Lewis’s music often plays with our temporal expectations; the close interrelationship between texture, structure, harmony and melody, and its effect upon our perception of the passage of time, are explored in the main analyses. These are conducted partly by means of comparison with other works by Lewis or his contemporaries. Memoria is examined in relation to a similarly tranquil score, Naaotwá Lalá, by Giles Swayne. The following chapter discusses the extra-musical inspiration for Epitaph for Abelard and Heloise, whose relationship to Tableau is then explored in the next. The difficulties of creating a large-scale structure that unifies the work’s various harmonic elements are also investigated. The analysis of Carmen Paschale considers it in relation to Lewis’s other choral music, whilst the final analytical chapter compares and contrasts two three-movement works, the Piano Trio and the Fantasy for solo piano. Lewis’s melodic writing in the Piano Trio is discussed in relation to that of James MacMillan, and the origins of the first movement of Fantasy in Oliver Knussen’s Sonya’s Lullaby are explored. In the Epilogue, the possible reasons for Lewis’s current neglect are explored, various influences on Lewis’s musical thinking are laid out, and his achievements are assessed.
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Strandh, Joakim, and Alexander Garcin. "Starkare varumärke genom användande av sociala medier : En kvalitativ fallstudie av Volkswagen Sverige." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-16896.
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Problem-definition: How companies work with social media to strengthen their brand equity and what other purposes might lay behind this usage. Purpose: How Volkswagen Sweden use social media in order to strengthen their brand equity. Method: Qualitative case- study of Volkswagen Sweden where a number of respondents will be interviewed with the help of a semi structured interview guide. Theories: A number of theories in the field of brand equity and communication theory will be used in this paper, some of these theories are, Post-model, Social technographics ladder, brand equity and word of mouth. Empiric: A semi-structured interview guide will be shaped from theory and answered through interviews with people who have knowledge within the field. Conclusions: Extracted from the results the research members has identified a number of important factors that business should consider when they work with social media or planning to. They have also answered how business can strengthen their brand equity with social media.<br>Problemformulering: Hur arbetar företag med sociala medier för att stärka varumärkeskapitalet, samt vilka andra syften kan ligga bakom detta användande. Syfte: Hur Volkswagen Sverige använder sig av sociala medier för att stärka sitt varumärkeskapital. Metod: Kvalitativ fallstudie av Volkswagen Sverige där ett flertal respondenter intervjuas med hjälp av en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Teori: Ett flertal teorier inom kommunikation och varumärkesteori har använts, några av dessa är brand equity, post-modellen, social technographics ladder & word of mouth. Empiri: Semistrukturerade intervjuguider har utifrån teori formats och besvarats genom intervju med personer som besitter kunskap inom ämnesområdet. Slutsats: Utifrån undersökningen som utförts har forskingsmedlemmarna identifierat ett flertal viktiga faktorer för att lyckosamt implementera och arbeta med sociala medier. Samt besvarat frågeställningen hur företag kan stärka varumärkeskapitel genom sociala medier.
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Day, Simon Christopher. "Fleets and Prouinciae in the Roman Republic : institutions, administration and the conceptualisation of empire between 260 and 49 B.C." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:29ad413f-bd52-40f9-ae1c-3cb273642cdd.
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This research examines how, when and why the Romans assigned and defined the tasks of preparing and commanding fleets during the Republic. In doing so, it brings new evidence to bear on the wider debates about the nature of the prouincia and the institutional and administrative development of the Roman empire. The communis opinio is that a prouincia originally represented a functional “sphere of operation” that was allotted or assigned to a magistrate and that it only later developed a geographical meaning with territorial connotations through the process of “provincialisation.” This research challenges that view through an analysis of the evidence for the definition, assignment and practical use of the prouincia classis and other prouinciae connected with the command of fleets. Drawing upon and analysing the lists of administrative arrangements to be found in the “annalistic” sections of the surviving books of Livy’s History, it argues that prouinciae were defined in specific geographical and functional terms long before the development of permanent territorial empire. This offers a new perspective which points to and elucidates the flexible use of the prouincia as a means of separating magistrates and promagistrates in space or by function in space. It argues that the rationale for this was to limit conflicts between commanders over command and triumphal rights. By combining evidence from a wide range of sources after the loss of Livy’s History from 167, the research shows that the above rationale for demarcating prouinciae still applied in the first century B.C. However, it also demonstrates that there were significant changes with the assignment of vast Mediterranean-wide naval prouinciae in the first half of the first century B.C. It argues that the definition of these prouinciae was made possible by the development of a singular collective Mediterranean-wide ora maritima, which was brought about by the Romans’ increasing “acknowledgement of empire.” The negative political and institutional implications of these developments are also assessed. Finally, in discussing the above, this research also provides new insights into the role and auctoritas of the Senate, the function and freedom of magistrates, and the Romans’ conceptualisation of their empire.
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Fanning, Sarah Elizabeth. "Changing fictions of masculinity : adaptations of Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights, 1939-2009." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/8524.
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The discursive and critical positions of the ‘classic’ nineteenth-century novel, particularly the woman’s novel, in the field of adaptation studies have been dominated by long-standing concerns about textual fidelity and the generic processes of the text-screen transfer. The sociocultural patterns of adaptation criticism have also been largely ensconced in representations of literary women on screen. Taking a decisive twist from tradition, this thesis traces the evolution of representations of masculinity in the malleable characters of Rochester and Heathcliff in film and television adaptations of Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre and Emily Brontë’s Wuthering Heights between 1939 and 2009. Concepts of masculinity have been a neglected area of enquiry in studies of the ‘classic’ novel on screen. Adaptations of the Brontës’ novels, as well as the adapted novels of other ‘classic’ women authors such as Jane Austen, George Eliot and Elizabeth Gaskell, increasingly foreground male character in traditionally female-oriented narratives or narratives whose primary protagonist is female. This thesis brings together industrial histories, textual frames and sociocultural influences that form the wider contexts of the adaptations to demonstrate how male characterisation and different representations of masculinity are reformulated and foregrounded through three different adaptive histories of the narratives of Jane Eyre and Wuthering Heights. Through the contours of the film and television industries, the application of text and context analysis, and wider sociocultural considerations of each period an understanding of how Rochester and Heathcliff have been transmuted and centralised within the adaptive history of the Brontë novel.
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Jacobsson, Madeleine. "Dr. Eleine Mad." Thesis, Kungl. Konsthögskolan, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kkh:diva-587.
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Dr. Eleine Mad är Madeleine Jacobsssons talesperson för dom vetenskapliga och paranormala upptäckter som uppstår i hennes världar. Hon beskriver innehåll, teknik och estetik utifrån ett kategoriseringssytem där konsten delas upp som olika typer av komponenter och därefter avkodas dessa allteftersom. För att förstå intuitionens inblandning i arbetsprocessen omförvandlas den till tre separata roller av en Sökare, Samlare och Myntare. Med rollerna försöker jag beskriva på vilka sätt som intuitionen är till gagn eller av förödelse för det konstnärliga arbetet. Sagan om M handlar om en grodlik karaktär, Delop, som lämnar sin hemplanet för att uppsöka andra världar. I sitt sökande hittar Delop ett folkslag vars syn och levnadssätt skiljer sig från hennes erfarenheter av “verkligheten” såsom hon lärt sig att överleva i den.<br>Dr. Eleine Mad is Madeleine Jacobsson's spokesperson for the scientific and paranormal discoveries that arise in her worlds. She describes content, tecniques and aesthetics based on a categorization system where art is divided into different types of components and then decoded as they go. To understand the intuition's involvement in the work process, it is transformed into three separate roles by a Seeker, Collector and a Myntare(In swedish language the one who is a "myntare" -is verbally declaring a concept or term). With these roles I try to describe in what ways intuition is beneficial or devastating to the artistic work. The story of M is about a frog-like character, Delop, who leaves the home planet to seek out other worlds. In her search, Delop finds a world whose views and lifestyles differ from her experiences of "reality" as she learned to survive in it.<br><p>Recorded sound and image material of the presentation is available for private use.</p>
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CHEN, PEI-YU, and 陳珮瑜. "The Relations between BBC and British Government in the Second World War." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64e3bg.
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碩士<br>輔仁大學<br>歷史學系碩士班<br>105<br>It has almost been a century since the British Broadcasting Corporation first started broadcasting in 1922. Nowadays, it is agreeable among scholars that BBC has been the first broadcaster that focuses on public service. However, the operation of BBC had not been a smooth ride since its beginning. The main problem was the source of capital. BBC first employed the model of the license fee to gather the capital needed for its operation. In 1927, the Crawford Committee suggested BBC accept the Royal Charter and then it became the British Broadcasting Corporation. It is obvious that under the Royal Charter, BBC could not get free hands with whatever the British Government considered as crucial to the national security, From then on, there was always an uneasy marriage between BBC and the British government.
In order to maintain their free hands, the first general manager of BBC, Sir John Reith (1889-1971) introduced an impartial public service to BBC, focus on aims as to educate, inform, and entertain the general public. However, the strike in 1926, the biggest strike in British history, revealed problems of BBC's impartiality and its relationship with the British Government. BBC was doomed to give up her impartiality to the British government.
The eruption of World War II deeply changed the course of programming of BBC further. The wartime cabinet of the British Government needed BBC to broadcast strategic propaganda and to provide informations to areas occupied by the German. At times, BBC even covering up information’s to meet the needs of a desperate government. At the stress of war time hardship, the British Government also needed BBC to broadcast government policies to peoples of British Empire. Therefore, BBC had its programs adjusted to meet some war-time public demands providing news programs. popular entertainments, information’s concerning the battle field, etc . . . . These programs were tasks of expertise. Hence, a great number of British intellectuals were recalled to join in program making, building a bridge among British intellectuals to contact with the British Government and its general public. By working in BBC programs, British intellectuals have made BBC the beacon of British Empire and its civilization at the same time.
Accordingly,BBC, the most important media in the UK, had thus accompanied the British people and their government to overcome all the hardships of WWII won the final Victory of 1945. During WWII, despite of BBC's original stands at impartiality and non-governmental involvement, it is not wholly wrong for us to conclude that BBC had been all the way walking along with British Government. For the sake of nationalism, BBC did play a part in politics.
Up to the now, 72 years after WWII and 28 years after Cold War, although BBC is still bearing the flag of impartial public service, it is known all around the world that BBC is very British indeed. Even discharged the bondage of a Royal Charter, in times; BBC still not get away from her uneasy marriage with the British government.
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Dvořáková, Anna. "Jan Masaryk jako rozhlasový komentátor ve válečném vysílání BBC." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-331790.
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This thesis focuses on Czechoslovak radio broadcasting on BBC from September 1939 (when the separate Czech program started there) to the end of World War II in which there were participating political representatives of Czechoslovakia after partial recognition of Czechoslovak government in the exile by the British government in summer of 1940. Main theme of the thesis are the radio speeches of Jan Masaryk, the former (longtime) Czechoslovak ambassador in London and future Minister of Foreign Affairs of the exile government. He launched the Czech Programme of BBC for listeners in the Protectorate on 8th September 1939 and began to appear on the waves regularly once a week in February 1940. The thesis analyzes how he tried (in his speeches and comments) to encourage self-confidence of the nation, how he tried to nullify germanization endeavors of occupiers and quislings to reinterpret Czech historical narrative and by usage of what ideological weapons he was creating the image of small, but internally strong and mature Czechoslovak nation, morally exceeding its inherent German enemy. He used this story as a rhetorical shield against the Nazi interpretation of the Czech tribe, who returned to the womb of the modern Holy Roman Empire, where it belongs as natural part - by the words of the Nazi propaganda.
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Krose, Sarah Elizabeth. "The imagined encounter : reliving and recreating identity in the Exotic World Museum." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/11817.
Full textAbstract:
The Exotic World Museum is a small amateur ethnographic museum created by Harold
Morgan and founded on his extensive tourist travels with his wife Barbara. It consists of over
500 pictures, photographs, labels and artifacts which cover the walls and ceiling of the back room
of Alexander Lamb's Wunderkammer Antiques, where it is currently housed. Through this
museum, Morgan has created an identity for himself as a world traveler and a learned man. As
such, the collection stands as a narrative of Morgan's life, portraying the identity he has projected
for himself.
Morgan constructs this identity by establishing authenticity through the Museum and
tourist experience, by using the National Geographic as a projection in which to place himself,
and by creating an encounter between Self and Other. As such, the study of Exotic World has
larger implications in the context of the history of museums and of collecting in general.
42
Quaresma, Rui. "Presencia de las Empresas Españolas y Portuguesas en Internet. Especial Atención al Comercio Electrónico." Doctoral thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/2335.
Full textAbstract:
El tema de Internet sigue originando un gran interés en la sociedad actual. No obstante, y mismo considerando lo mucho que se escribe sobre el asunto, sobre todo en la prensa popular, así como los programas de apoyo al desarrollo de la sociedad de la información y del conocimiento, en particular, la decisión, para las empresas, de “entrar en el mundo del digital” aún es un poco confusa.
El presente trabajo de investigación esta enmarcado en el dominio científico de los Sistemas de Información y de las Tecnologías de la Información y de la Comunicación en la Empresa, más específicamente en la línea de investigación sobre el negocio electrónico. En este trabajo es evaluada, cualitativa y cuantitativamente, la presencia en la Web de las empresas españolas y portuguesas, de mediana y grande dimensión. Asimismo, son analizados y clasificados los diferentes usos que las empresas pueden hacer de Internet a través de un sitio web.
La evaluación, cualitativa y cuantitativa, de la presencia de las empresas españolas y portuguesas en la Web tiene asociado también un enfoque especial al tema del comercio electrónico dirigido al consumidor final. Para realizar la evaluación, ha sido desarrollado un instrumento de análisis que recoge aportaciones de imperativos legales, códigos de conducta y/o sellos de acreditación y un surtido de otras fuentes de información. En el estudio, y en vista de la utilización de bases de datos similares para España y Portugal, así como del mismo instrumento de análisis, son comparadas también la presencia en la Web de los dos países.
43
Martineau, Joel Barry. "Islands at the boundary of the world : changing representations of Haida Gwaii, 1774-2001." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13172.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation investigates the ways visitors to Haida Gwaii (sometimes called the Queen
Charlotte Islands) have written about the islands. I argue that accounts by visitors to Haida
Gwaii fashion the object that they seek to represent. In short, visitors' stories do not
unproblematically reflect the islands but determine how Haida Gwaii is perceived. These
perceptions in turn affect the actions of visitors, residents and governments. I contribute to
that representational process, striving to show the material consequences of language and the
ways discourses shape Haida Gwaii.
The dissertation consists of three sections. "Early visitors" focuses on the last quarter
of the eighteenth century, studying the earliest documented visits by Euro-American mariners
and fur traders. "Modern visitors" concentrates on the last quarter of the nineteenth century
and the beginning of the twentieth century, when some visitors were busy imposing colonial
forms of government and social organization, while others were resisting these projects.
"Recent visitors" concentrates on the final quarter of the twentieth century, examining the
campaign to save a portion of the archipelago from clearcutting and efforts to develop
alternatives to resource-extractive economic practices. By examining three case studies for
each period, I argue that the ways visitors imagine the islands have been transformed in each
of these periods.
44
Lévesque, Stéphane. "Journey into the world of the school : high school students’ understandings of citizenship in B.C. and Québec." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/13107.
Full textAbstract:
Regional, multicultural, and national divergences in Canadian politics and education have contributed to the emergence of different forms of nationalism, identity, and citizenship in Canada. The practice and content of secondary education in B.C. and Québec illustrate this general proposition. Two multi-ethnic high schools, one in Québec (Montréal) and one in B.C. (Vancouver), provide a window into Québec history (grade 10) and B.C. social studies (grade 11) classrooms. These classes are used to examine how students construct and understand their citizenship. Key concepts (citizenship rights, participation, pluralism, collective identity) guided this research. Using a multiple case study design, this qualitative study employed multiple data collection. In addition to the analysis of the documentary record, I observed and interviewed B.C. and Québec high school students, history and social studies teachers, and finally staff from each school. The study generated findings on citizenship education practice and learning. In both provinces, citizenship education is the raison d'être of history and social studies. Despite divergent programs and teaching approaches, teachers at both sites recognize the necessity of preparing students for the exercise of democratic citizenship. Students at both sites accord importance to the key citizenship concepts introduced in their history/social studies classes. Yet, contrasts emerge in the findings between francophone Québécois and anglophone British Columbian students, particularly in terms of collective identity. The findings suggest that theoretical discussions on multicultural and multinational citizenship in political theory does not adequately take into account all the complex views of B.C. and Québec student informants. This study concludes with further research into the study of students' conceptions of citizenship.
45
Smith, Heather. "Where worlds collide : social polarisation at the community level in Vancouver's Gastown/Downtown Eastside." Thesis, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/10914.
Full textAbstract:
Gastown, Vancouver's birthplace, is a small historic district embedded within the broader
community of the Downtown Eastside. Over the past 25 years Gastown has been slowly
upgrading; refashioning itself as a loft style residential neighbourhood and central tourist
destination. Over the same period the Downtown Eastside's reputation as the city's "skid road"
has become firmly entrenched. The pace of this community's upgrading and downgrading has
quickened over the past five years and resulted in a current geography where we find loft-style
condominiums, cappuccino bars and rising affluence interspersed with needle exchanges,
homeless shelters and deepening disadvantage. What we see within the Gastown/Downtown
Eastside community is a convergence of the spatial processes of social polarisation and the kinds
of conflicts and negotiations that result.
Polarisation, most broadly defined, describes a growing socio-economic and spatial divide
between the "haves" and "have-nots" of Western societies and cities. While considerable
attention has been paid to polarisation's conceptual meaning and empirical definition at the
national and intra-urban levels, little focus has centered on how the process can be identified and
analysed at the intra-community level.
In the same way that polarisation at broader scales of analysis can be viewed as the sociotemporal
coincidence of pauperisation and professionalisation, this dissertation defines intracommunity
polarisation as the simultaneous occurrence of socio-spatial upgrading and
downgrading. Using quantitative data from the census tract level, this dissertation investigates
the empirical evidence of social polarisation within Gastown/Downtown Eastside. Using
qualitative data the study explores the extent to which both revitalisation and deterioration are
competing for the community's future and this polarisation is being experienced and negotiated
by the varied residents and stakeholders of this urban community. Ultimately this dissertation
sheds light on how the characteristics and causes of community based polarisation differ and
parallel those at other scales of inquiry. It also outlines the truly local factors that affect
polarisation's development, entrenchment and impact and illuminates the process' inconstant
character and the time lag that exists between its qualitative experience and its quantitative
identification.
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Koutseridi, Olga. "The meaning and use of the word vidua in Latin literature of the 2nd and 1st century B.C." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/22721.
Full textAbstract:
The primary role of this report is to provide an in-depth analysis of all the instances of the word vidua, its meanings and uses in Latin literature from the last two centuries B.C. This close examination of the word vidua in the literary sources of this period has resulted in a number of important modifications to its definition. The word vidua, which is commonly translated by ancient scholars as widow, is not sustained by the contextual evidence of the majority of the passages that do no state explicitly the reason for the women's deprived status. Instead the word is most commonly used to mean a much broader social group of Roman women, all no longer married women, a category which includes various groups of women such as widows, divorcees, abandoned women and women whose husbands have been away for long periods of time. Furthermore the English word unmarried should not be used to translate the Latin word vidua since, as I demonstrate throughout my paper, there is a clear distinction in the Roman minds between women who are no longer married, vidua, and women who are not yet married, virgines an important distinction that gets lost with the more inclusive and broader social category meant by the word unmarried.<br>text
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Lin, Yue-Yu, and 林悅羽. "The Study of Word of Mouth(WOM) Influencing Factors in B2C Electronic Commerce -Yahoo Online Auction as an Example." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93017574522400635385.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立彰化師範大學<br>資訊管理學系所<br>96<br>Electronic commerce causes the network auction to become a popular commercial trade pattern recently. There are many kinds of products and transparence information which provide the consumers with the new shopping channels. However, anyone can get into the auction market easily. It attracts many people to join the auction and become the online seller. Today, the auction market is getting more and more mature.
Many online sellers start to consider how to manage their own auction position properly. Therefore, they are able to catch the massive customers form the numerous competitors. In the past, research suggests that the word of mouth (WOM) is a reliable information channel which the consumers trusted and used frequently. People are used to consulting their friends for inexperienced consuming behavior before making decision. Therefore, this research discusses that after the consumer shopping from the online auction, which factor can influence them on word of mouth (WOM). Research finds that “quality of service”, “quality of products” and“feedback” are critical factors that can impact consumer on WOM. Futhermore, agreeableness can influence people whether they actually do it or not. I hope the research conclusion will be useful for the online auction sellers to upgrade their service and get more and more consumers. Moreover, I propose some implication for management.
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Wang, Yu-Ching, and 王玉青. "“Representing the God to Guard the World” and “Pacifying the People to Punish the Iniquity ”：Formation and Transition of War Conception of Justice in Ancient China（1000 B.C.-200B.C.）." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44322042850005848172.
Full textAbstract:
碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>歷史學系碩博士班<br>95<br>Abstract
“Representing the God to Guard the World(代天巡守)” and “Pacifying the People to Punish the Iniquity(弔民伐罪) ” were the two formations of war of justice in ancient China. First of all, “Representing the God to Guard the World” was the right of saga-kings from god, which was used to order the earthen world and punish the guilty; comparatively, “Pacifying the People to Punish the Iniquity.” was the right of war from the public. Because the old formation of war, “Representing the God to Guard the World”, had collapsed, the scholars in the Warring States Period advocated to constitute a new stander by moral and public opinions.
A war needs different slogan and denotation for fight. Though the war conception had distinct origins, god and public, in ancient China, the two characteristic ideas could cooperate, rival, or function along. Moreover, they believed they were the justice to punish the guilty opponents. Therefore, they used the property war cry to arouse and hope the society would support them and win the war. Through the discussion of the transition of the war conception, the thesis wants to clarify two events. First of all, the history study should take heed of the failure, non-classical, and individual unit’s belief rather than the winner. Secondary, justice is a reason to arouse and continue the war in the both sides of the war. Thus what was war conception of justice in ancient China is the thesis wants to reach.
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Korteweg, Elisabeth (Lisa) Maria. "Mining the curriculum: comparing the form and content of the museum exhibit Mine games with other mining curricula." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/4618.
Full textAbstract:
In 1993, facing a future of escalating land-use controversies and a less than
sympathetic public attitude towards mining, major corporations in the British
Columbia mining industry and the provincial government invested in a public
education project: Vancouver's Science World's Mine Games exhibit.
This thesis will examine two pedagogical highlights of the Mine Games exhibit
promoted by Science World and its sponsors. They are the interactivity of the
exhibit (as evidenced by the hands-on stations and the computer games) and the
decision-making or 'consensus-building' process experienced in the simulated
town-meeting, Hotseat! One of the virtues of an exhibition that explicitly makes
a case for its merits and attempts to tell an important story is that it encourages
debate and makes possible the suggestion of other stories.
In this thesis, I critique Mine Games on the claims it has made for itself. The
thesis adopts a comparative approach, contrasting the pedagogical goals and
content of the Mine Games exhibit with school based mining curriculum. I argue
that the narrative and museological conventions of the exhibit reveal the story
of Mine Games for what it is — a specific, comedic story that excludes other
stories. Hidden under the facade of high-tech displays and computer games is a
traditional approach used both in schools and museums to exercise control and
deliver a non-threatening message: environmental controversies are resolvable,
all it takes is reasoned compromise.
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Malan, Francine. "Loopbaanoriënteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria." Thesis, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18096.
Full textAbstract:
Text in Afrikaans<br>Die doel van die onderhawige studie is onder meer om loopbaanorientering aan die tersiere
student (BSc Agric) teoreties te fundeer. 'n Uitgebreide Europese studiereis is ondemeem
met die doel om bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme aan tersiere instansies, veral
universiteite, te ondersoek en die effektiwiteit daarvan te evalueer ten einde voortreflikhede
te implementeer. In hierdie studie word die loopbaanorienteringsprogram vir BSc (Agric)studente
aan die Universiteit van Pretoria wat reeds in 1994 ontwerp en ge'implementeer is,
beskryf sowel as die behoeftepeiling wat onder BSc (Agric)-studente (voor en na die
implementering van die program), en vennote in die landboubedryf gedoen is. 'n Verdere
doel met die studie is om 'n wetenskaplik verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram
vir BSc (Agric)-studente aan die Universiteit van Pretoria te begrond, te ontwerp,
die implementering daarvan te beskryf en die resultate daarvan te evalueer.
Daar is gepoog om beide loopbaanontwikkelings- en studente-ontwikkelingsteoriee te beskryf
en uit te le as fundering vir 'n verantwoorde loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir
tersiere studente. 'n Oorsig en perspektief is gebied op bestaande loopbaanorienteringsprogramme
en -inisiatiewe in 'n intemasionale, nasionale en plaaslike konteks. Die
verskynsel van die snelveranderende wereld-van-werk is literatuurmatig gepresiseer en die
implikasies uitgewys vir die opleiding van en loopbaanorientering aan die student in die
Landbouwetenskap. 'n Behoeftepeiling van loopbaan (en lewens-)kundighedeen vaardighede waaroor graduandi moet beskik is gedoen onder BSc (Agric)-studente (v66r en mi programimplementering)
en onder vennote in die landboubedryf. Die ontwikkeling, beslaggewing
en ,evaluering van 'n loopbaanorienteringsverrykingsprogram vir BSc (Agric)-studente is
beskryf en toegelig. 'n Samevatting van die studie is gegee met enkele gemotiveerde
aanbevelings wat uit die navorsing voortvloei. Voorstelle is gemaak vir die inisiering van
'n loopbaansentrum vir studente van die Universiteit van Pretoria.<br>The aim of this study is amongst others to lay the theoretical foundation of career orientation
for BSc (Agric)-students. An extensive European study tour was undertaken with the aim
of investigating and evaluating existing career orientation programmes and/or student enrichment
endeavours at the various tertiary institutions especially universities. The effectiveness
of these programmes was evaluated with the aim of utilizing and implementing aspects of
them. In this study the career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students
that was already designed and implemented at the University of Pretoria in 1994, is
described. The needs of the BSc (Agric)-students before and after the implementation of this
programme were determined as well as those of the partners in the agricultural industry.
Another aim of this study is to describe the foundation, design and implementation of a
scientific, accountable career orientation enrichment programme for BSc (Agric)-students at
the University of Pretoria and to evaluate the outcome thereof.
The various career development and student development theories are elucidated and
described as a foundation for an accountable career orientation enrichment programme for
tertiary students. An overview is given of career orientation programmes and initiatives in
an international, national and local context. The phenomenon of the fast changing world-ofwork
is described and defined more precisely through a literature study with reference to the implications for the training of and career orientation regarding the student in the Science of
Agriculture. An investigation was done of the career (and life-) skills that graduates have
to attain. The needs and views of BSc (Agric)-students (before and after the programme implementation)
and partners in the agricultural industry were extracted. A summary is given
of the arguments put forward in this thesis together with some recommendations that have
emerged from this research. Proposals are made for the initiation of a career centre for
students at the University of Pretoria.<br>Psychology of Education<br>D. Ed. (Sielkundige Opvoedkunde)