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Hsu, Ying, Seongjin Seo, and Val C. Sheffield. "Photoreceptor cilia, in contrast to primary cilia, grant entry to a partially assembled BBSome." Human Molecular Genetics 30, no. 1 (2021): 87–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddaa284.
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Abstract The BBSome is a protein complex consisting of BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS8, BBS9 and BBS18 that associates with intraflagellar transport complexes and specializes in ciliary trafficking. In primary cilia, ciliary entry requires the fully assembled BBSome as well as the small GTPase, ARL6 (BBS3). Retinal photoreceptors possess specialized cilia. In light of key structural and functional differences between primary and specialized cilia, we examined the principles of BBSome recruitment to photoreceptor cilia. We performed sucrose gradient fractionation using retinal lysates of Bbs2−/−, Bbs7−/−, Bbs8−/− and Bbs3−/− mice to determine the status of BBSome assembly, then determined localization of BBSome components using immunohistochemistry. Surprisingly, we found that a subcomplex of the BBSome containing at least BBS1, BBS5, BBS8 and BBS9 is recruited to cilia in the absence of BBS2 or BBS7. In contrast, a BBSome subcomplex consisting of BBS1, BBS2, BBS5, BBS7 and BBS9 is found in Bbs8−/− retinas and is denied ciliary entry in photoreceptor cells. In addition, the BBSome remains fully assembled in Bbs3−/− retinas and can be recruited to photoreceptor cilia in the absence of BBS3. We compared phenotypic severity of their retinal degeneration phenotypes. These findings demonstrate that unlike primary cilia, photoreceptor cilia admit a partially assembled BBSome meeting specific requirements. In addition, the recruitment of the BBSome to photoreceptor cilia does not require BBS3. These findings indicate that the ciliary entry of the BBSome is subjected to cell-specific regulation, particularly in cells with highly adapted forms of cilia such as photoreceptors.
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Abeshi, Andi, Francesca Fanelli, Tommaso Beccari, Munis Dundar, Fabiana D’Esposito, and Matteo Bertelli. "Genetic testing for Bardet-Biedl syndrome." EuroBiotech Journal 1, s1 (2017): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24190/issn2564-615x/2017/s1.04.
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Abstract We studied the scientific literature and disease guidelines in order to summarize the clinical utility of genetic testing for Bardet- Biedl syndrome (BBS). The disease has autosomal recessive inheritance, a prevalence varying from one in 13 500 to one in 160 000, and is caused by mutations in the ARL6, BBIP1, BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS5, BBS7, BBS9, BBS10, BBS12, CEP290, IFT172, IFT27, LZTFL1, MKKS, MKS1, NPHP1, SDCCAG8, TRIM32, TTC8 and WDPCP genes. The clinical diagnosis of BBS is based on four primary features or three primary features plus two secondary features. The genetic test is useful for confirming diagnosis, and for differential diagnosis, couple risk assessment and access to clinical trials.
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Leuthner, Birgitta, та Johann Heider. "Anaerobic Toluene Catabolism of Thauera aromatica: the bbs Operon Codes for Enzymes of β Oxidation of the Intermediate Benzylsuccinate". Journal of Bacteriology 182, № 2 (2000): 272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.182.2.272-277.2000.
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ABSTRACT The pathway of anaerobic toluene oxidation to benzoyl coenzyme A (benzoyl-CoA) consists of an initial reaction catalyzed by benzylsuccinate synthase, a glycyl radical enzyme adding the methyl group of toluene to the double bond of a fumarate cosubstrate, and a subsequent β-oxidation pathway of benzylsuccinate. Benzylsuccinate synthase has been studied in some detail, whereas the enzymes participating in β oxidation of benzylsuccinate are unknown. We have investigated these enzymes by analyzing substrate-induced proteins in toluene-grown cells. Toluene-induced proteins were identified and N-terminally sequenced. Nine of these proteins are encoded by an 8.5-kb operon consisting ofbbs (beta-oxidation of benzylsuccinate) genes whose products are apparently involved in the β-oxidation pathway of benzylsuccinate. Two of the genes, bbsE andbbsF, code for the subunits of a succinyl-CoA:benzylsuccinate CoA-transferase whose activity was previously detected in toluene-grown Thauera aromatica. The bbsG gene codes for a specific benzylsuccinyl-CoA dehydrogenase, as confirmed by overexpression of the gene in Escherichia coli and detection of enzyme activity. The further enzymes of the pathway are probably encoded bybbsH (enoyl-CoA hydratase), bbsCD(3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase), and bbsB (3-oxoacyl-CoA thiolase). The operon contains two additional genes, bbsAand bbsI, for which no obvious function could be derived. The bbs operon is expressed only in toluene-grown cells and is regulated at the transcriptional level. Promoter mapping revealed a transcription start site upstream of the bbsA gene. This represents the first known promoter site in Thauera spp.
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Rutanga, Jean Pierre, and Therese Nyirahabimana. "Clinical Significance of Molecular Diagnostic Tools for Bacterial Bloodstream Infections: A Systematic Review." Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Diseases 2016 (2016): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/6412085.
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Bacterial bloodstream infection (bBSI) represents any form of invasiveness of the blood circulatory system caused by bacteria and can lead to death among critically ill patients. Thus, there is a need for rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients with septicemia. So far, different molecular diagnostic tools have been developed. The majority of these tools focus on amplification based techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) which allows the detection of nucleic acids (both DNA and small RNAs) that are specific to bacterial species and sequencing or nucleic acid hybridization that allows the detection of bacteria in order to reduce delay of appropriate antibiotic therapy. However, there is still a need to improve sensitivity of most molecular techniques to enhance their accuracy and allow exact and on time antibiotic therapy treatment. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review of the existing studies conducted in molecular diagnosis of bBSIs, with the main aim of reporting on clinical significance and benefits of molecular diagnosis to patients. We searched both Google Scholar and PubMed. In total, eighteen reviewed papers indicate that shift from conventional diagnostic methods to molecular tools is needed and would lead to accurate diagnosis and treatment of bBSI.
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Butler, Peter J., Cheng Dong, Alan J. Snyder, A. Daniel Jones, and Erin D. Sheets. "Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Summer Institutes: Meeting Modern Challenges in Undergraduate Summer Research." CBE—Life Sciences Education 7, no. 1 (2008): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1187/cbe.07-08-0064.
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Summer undergraduate research programs in science and engineering facilitate research progress for faculty and provide a close-ended research experience for students, which can prepare them for careers in industry, medicine, and academia. However, ensuring these outcomes is a challenge when the students arrive ill-prepared for substantive research or if projects are ill-defined or impractical for a typical 10-wk summer. We describe how the new Bioengineering and Bioinformatics Summer Institutes (BBSI), developed in response to a call for proposals by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Science Foundation (NSF), provide an impetus for the enhancement of traditional undergraduate research experiences with intense didactic training in particular skills and technologies. Such didactic components provide highly focused and qualified students for summer research with the goal of ensuring increased student satisfaction with research and mentor satisfaction with student productivity. As an example, we focus on our experiences with the Penn State Biomaterials and Bionanotechnology Summer Institute (PSU-BBSI), which trains undergraduates in core technologies in surface characterization, computational modeling, cell biology, and fabrication to prepare them for student-centered research projects in the role of materials in guiding cell biology.
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Ece Solmaz, Asli, Huseyin Onay, Tahir Atik, et al. "Targeted multi-gene panel testing for the diagnosis of Bardet Biedl syndrome: Identification of nine novel mutations across BBS1, BBS2, BBS4, BBS7, BBS9, BBS10 genes." European Journal of Medical Genetics 58, no. 12 (2015): 689–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2015.10.011.
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Beyer, Andreas M., Deng-Fu Guo, Val C. Sheffield, and Kamal Rahmouni. "Contrasting vascular effects caused by loss of Bardet-Biedl syndrome genes." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 299, no. 6 (2010): H1902—H1907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00336.2010.
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Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a genetically heterogeneous, autosomal-recessive disorder associated with several clinical features including obesity, hypertension, and cardiovascular abnormalities. BBS proteins play an important role in the function of cilia, a mechanosensory organelle in endothelial cells, but whether these proteins are directly involved in the regulation of vascular function is unclear. Here, we show that Bbs genes (1–12) are expressed in endothelial and smooth muscle cell lines and tissues enriched in endothelial (lung) and smooth muscle (stomach) cells as well as the aorta. Next, we used aortic rings to examine the vascular function of two BBS mouse models that recapitulate the human phenotype, namely Bbs2−/− (obese and normotensive) and Bbs6−/− (obese and hypertensive) mice. Interestingly, the endothelium-dependent relaxation (induced by ACh) was significantly enhanced in Bbs2−/− but not Bbs6−/− mice. In contrast, the endothelium-independent relaxation (induced by sodium nitroprusside) was unaltered in both BBS mouse models. In addition, the contractile responses to serotonin and endothelin-1 were attenuated in Bbs2−/− but not Bbs6−/− mice. Of note, the NO-producing enzymes (eNOS and iNOS) were upregulated in the aorta of Bbs2−/− but not Bbs6−/− mice. On the other hand, the expression level of membrane subunits of NADPH oxidase (p22phox and p47phox) in the aorta was decreased in Bbs2−/− mice but increased in Bbs6−/− mice. In conclusion, these data implicate Bbs genes in the regulation of vascular function and demonstrate that disrupting Bbs2 and Bbs6 genes affect differentially the vascular function.
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Darudiato, Suparto, and Krisma Punta. "ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI DENGAN INTRANET: STUDI KASUS PERSEDIAAN MATERIAL PT BALFOUR BEATTY SAKTI INDONESIA." CommIT (Communication and Information Technology) Journal 1, no. 1 (2007): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/commit.v1i1.471.
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Article discuss problem faced by PT Balfour Beatty Sakti Indonesia (PT BBSI), which is lack planning ofmaterial inventory supply. Inventory was bought overly as safety stock. That caused inventory stacking so the companyoperation less efficient and caused damage on the material itself. The inventory model will be used to overcome theproblem is Periodic Order Quantity (POQ) model that was develop from Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) basic model.The proposed problem solution will be applied in inventory information system in form of analysis and design of materialinventory information system object oriented using Mathiassen approach.Keywords: information system, inventory, intranet, material
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Hey, Caroline Amalie Brunbjerg, Lasse Jonsgaard Larsen, Zeynep Tümer, et al. "BBS Proteins Affect Ciliogenesis and Are Essential for Hedgehog Signaling, but Not for Formation of iPSC-Derived RPE-65 Expressing RPE-Like Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 3 (2021): 1345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031345.
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Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a ciliopathy characterized by retinal dystrophy, renal cysts, obesity and polydactyly. BBS genes have been implicated in ciliogenesis, hedgehog signaling and retinal pigment epithelium maturation. BBS1 and BBS5 are members of the BBSome, implicated in cilia transport of proteins, and BBS10 is a member of the chaperonin-complex, mediating BBSome assembly. In this study, involvement of BBS1, BBS5 and BBS10 in ciliogenesis and hedgehog signaling were investigated in BBS-defective patient fibroblasts as well as in RPE-hTERT cells following siRNA-mediated knockdown of the BBS genes. Furthermore, the ability of BBS1-defective induced pluripotent stem-cells (iPSCs) to differentiate into RPE cells was assessed. We report that cells lacking functional BBS5 or BBS10 have a reduced number of primary cilia, whereas cells lacking functional BBS1 display shorter primary cilia compared to wild-type cells. Hedgehog signaling was substantially impaired and Smoothened, a component of hedgehog signaling, was trapped inside the cilia of the BBS-defective cells, even in the absence of Smoothened agonist. Preliminary results demonstrated the ability of BBS1-defective iPSC to differentiate into RPE-65 expressing RPE-like cells. The BBS1−/−-defective RPE-like cells were less pigmented, compared to RPE-like cells differentiated from control iPSCs, indicating an impact of BBS1 on RPE maturation.
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Guo, Deng-Fu, Andreas M. Beyer, Baoli Yang, Darryl Y. Nishimura, Val C. Sheffield, and Kamal Rahmouni. "Inactivation of Bardet-Biedl syndrome genes causes kidney defects." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 300, no. 2 (2011): F574—F580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00150.2010.
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Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a rare hereditary autosomal recessive disease associated with several features including obesity, hypertension, and renal abnormalities. The underlying mechanisms of renal defects associated with BBS remain poorly defined. We examined the histological, molecular, and functional renal changes in BBS mouse models that have features of the human disorder. Interestingly, obese hypertensive Bbs4 −/− mice exhibited inflammatory infiltration and renal cysts, whereas the obese normotensive Bbs2 −/− mice had only minor inflammatory infiltration. Accordingly, the expression level of inducible nitric oxide synthase was elevated in the kidney of both BBS mice with a more marked increase in Bbs4 −/− mice. In contrast, endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression was decreased in Bbs4 −/−, but not Bbs2 −/−, mice. Similarly, the expression levels of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 and 4 channels as well as β- and γ-subunits of epithelial Na channel were significantly reduced only in the kidney of Bbs4 −/− mice. Metabolic studies revealed changes in urine output and urinary concentrations of creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, sodium, and potassium with a more pronounced effect in Bbs4 −/− mice. Finally, we found that calorie restriction which prevented obesity in BBS mice reversed the morphological and molecular changes found in Bbs2 −/− and Bbs4 −/− mice, indicating the kidney abnormalities associated with BBS are obesity related. These findings extend our understanding of the function of BBS proteins and emphasize the importance of these proteins in renal physiology.
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Орлова, М. Д., П. Гундорова, and А. В. Поляков. "Molecular genetic diagnostics of Bardet-Biedl syndrome with an MPS-panel." Nauchno-prakticheskii zhurnal «Medicinskaia genetika, no. 3(224) (March 31, 2021): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25557/2073-7998.2021.03.26-35.
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Синдром Барде-Бидля - аутосомно-рецессивное заболевание, характеризующееся ожирением, пигментной дегенерацией сетчатки, полидактилией, задержкой психоречевого развития и структурными повреждениями почек. В работе представлены результаты применения МПС-панели, включающей кодирующие последовательности и прилегающие интронные области 21 гена, ассоциированного с синдромом Барде-Бидля. Впервые была проведена молекулярно-генетическая диагностика в группе из сорока российских пациентов с синдромом Барде-Бидля из неродственных семей. В результате исследования удалось подтвердить диагноз молекулярно-генетическим методом у 40% пациентов (n=16). В генах BBS1, BBS7 и BBS10 встретились повторяющиеся варианты. Частота встречаемости патогенных и вероятно патогенных вариантов в генах BBS1 и BBS10 у российских пациентов соответствует зарубежным данным. Варианты в гене BBS7 встретились у пяти человек, у четырех из них был обнаружен патогенный вариант c.1967_1968delTAinsC, не встречающийся в других популяциях. Результаты, представленные в статье, показывают значительный вклад в заболеваемость синдромом Барде-Бидля в российской популяции патогенных вариантов в гене BBS7. Bardet-Biedl syndrome is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by obesity, retinitis pigmentosa, polydactyly, development delay, and structural kidney defects. This study shows the results of using an MPS panel that includes coding sequences and intronic areas of 21 genes associated with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. For the first time molecular genetic testing has been provided for the group of 40 Russian patiens with Bardet-Biedl syndrome from unrelated families. As a result of the testing, diagnoses were confirmed for 40% of the patients (n=16). The genes BBS1, BBS7, BBS10 had recurrent variants. The frequency of pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the genes BBS1 and BBS10 among Russian patients matches the research data in other countries. Variants in the BBS7 gene were found for five people, four of them had a pathogenic variant c.1967_1968delTAinsC, which is not present among other populations. Results provided in this article show the significant role of pathogenic variants in the BBS7 gene in patients with Bardet-Biedl syndrome in Russian population.
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Novanti, Devi, Hajrul Multazam, Novira Laily Husna, Ossy Sanityasa Rahajeng, Selfina L, and Rani Nooraeni. "Pemodelan dan Peramalan Harga Penutupan Saham Perbankan dengan Metode ARIMA dan Family ARCH." ESTIMASI: Journal of Statistics and Its Application 1, no. 2 (2020): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.20956/ejsa.v1i2.9637.
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Modelling the stock closing price stock is useful so that the investors are expected to be able to understand the situation of the stock, in order to make the right decision when they want to buy or sell their stocks. This study uses the ARIMA and Family ARCH methods in modelling the volatility of four banking stocks that are in high demand by the public, which are Bank BRI (BBRI), Bank BNI (BBNI), Bank Mandiri (BMRI), and Bank BCA (BBCA) from January 1st 2017 until January 31st 2020. Stock returns are modelled by using the ARIMA model, then proceeded with the heteroscedasticity testing. Based on the test, we obtained the results of BBRI, BMRI, and BBCA are heteroscedastic. While BBNI are homoscedastic. The volatility models obtained from the test are BBNI has ARIMA models ([6,13], 1, [6,13]), BBRI has ARI models ([2,24,28), 1,0) -ARCH (1), BMRI has an ARIMA (2,1,4) -GARCH (1,1) model, and BBCA has ARI ([1,2], 1,0) -GARCH (1,1) model. Based on the rising value of the stock price, we suggest the best stock for the investors is BBRI because it has the largest increase of 10% followed by BBCA and BMRI
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Fesler, Melissa C., Jyotsna S. Shah, Marianne J. Middelveen, Iris Du Cruz, Joseph J. Burrascano, and Raphael B. Stricker. "Lyme Disease: Diversity of Borrelia Species in California and Mexico Detected Using a Novel Immunoblot Assay." Healthcare 8, no. 2 (2020): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare8020097.
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Background: With more than 300,000 new cases reported each year in the United States of America (USA), Lyme disease is a major public health concern. Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss) is considered the primary agent of Lyme disease in North America. However, multiple genetically diverse Borrelia species encompassing the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) complex and the Relapsing Fever Borrelia (RFB) group are capable of causing tickborne disease. We report preliminary results of a serological survey of previously undetected species of Bbsl and RFB in California and Mexico using a novel immunoblot technique. Methods: Serum samples were tested for seroreactivity to specific species of Bbsl and RFB using an immunoblot method based on recombinant Borrelia membrane proteins, as previously described. A sample was recorded as seropositive if it showed immunoglobulin M (IgM) and/or IgG reactivity with at least two proteins from a specific Borrelia species. Results: The patient cohort consisted of 90 patients residing in California or Mexico who met the clinical case definition of chronic Lyme disease. Immunoblot testing revealed that 42 patients were seropositive for Bbsl (Group 1), while 56 patients were seropositive for RFB (Group 2). Eight patients were seropositive for both Bbsl and RFB species. Group 1 included patients who were seropositive for Bbss (14), B. californiensis (eight), B. spielmanii (10), B. afzelii/B. garinii (10), and mixed infections that included B. mayonii (three). Group 2 included patients who were seropositive for B. hermsii (nine), B. miyamotoi (seven), B. turicatae (nine), and B. turcica (two). In the remaining Group 1 and Group 2 patients, the exact Borrelia species could not be identified using the immunoblot technique. Conclusions: Lyme disease is associated with a diverse group of Borrelia species in California and Mexico. Current testing for Lyme disease focuses on detection of Bbss, possibly resulting in missed diagnoses and failure to administer appropriate antibiotic therapy in a timely manner. The genetic diversity of Borrelia spirochetes must be considered in future Lyme disease test development.
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Scott, John D., Kerry L. Clark, Nikki M. Coble, and Taylor R. Ballantyne. "Detection and Transstadial Passage of Babesia Species and Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Ticks Collected from Avian and Mammalian Hosts in Canada." Healthcare 7, no. 4 (2019): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7040155.
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Lyme disease and human babesiosis are the most common tick-borne zoonoses in the Temperate Zone of North America. The number of infected patients has continued to rise globally, and these zoonoses pose a major healthcare threat. This tick-host-pathogen study was conducted to test for infectious microbes associated with Lyme disease and human babesiosis in Canada. Using the flagellin (flaB) gene, three members of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) complex were detected, namely a Borrelia lanei-like spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss), and a distinct strain that may represent a separate Bbsl genospecies. This novel Bbsl strain was detected in a mouse tick, Ixodes muris, collected from a House Wren, Troglodytes aedon, in Quebec during the southward fall migration. The presence of Bbsl in bird-feeding larvae of I. muris suggests reservoir competency in three passerines (i.e., Common Yellowthroat, House Wren, Magnolia Warbler). Based on the 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene, three Babesia species (i.e., Babesia divergens-like, Babesia microti, Babesia odocoilei) were detected in field-collected ticks. Not only was B. odocoilei found in songbird-derived ticks, this piroplasm was apparent in adult questing blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis, in southern Canada. By allowing live, engorged ticks to molt, we confirm the transstadial passage of Bbsl in I. muris and B. odocoilei in I. scapularis. Bbss and Babesia microti were detected concurrently in a groundhog tick, Ixodes cookei, in Western Ontario. In Alberta, a winter tick, Dermacentor albipictus, which was collected from a moose, Alces alces, tested positive for Bbss. Notably, a B. divergens-like piroplasm was detected in a rabbit tick, Haemaphysalis leporispalustris, collected from an eastern cottontail in southern Manitoba; this Babesia species is a first-time discovery in Canada. This rabbit tick was also co-infected with Borrelia lanei-like spirochetes, which constitutes a first in Canada. Overall, five ticks were concurrently infected with Babesia and Bbsl pathogens and, after the molt, could potentially co-infect humans. Notably, we provide the first authentic report of I. scapularis ticks co-infected with Bbsl and B. odocoilei in Canada. The full extent of infectious microorganisms transmitted to humans by ticks is not fully elucidated, and clinicians need to be aware of the complexity of these tick-transmitted enzootic agents on human health. Diagnosis and treatment must be administered by those with accredited medical training in tick-borne zoonosis.
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Badano, J. L. "Heterozygous mutations in BBS1, BBS2 and BBS6 have a potential epistatic effect on Bardet-Biedl patients with two mutations at a second BBS locus." Human Molecular Genetics 12, no. 14 (2003): 1651–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddg188.
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Scott, John, Kerry Clark, Janet Foley, Bradley Bierman, and Lance Durden. "Far-Reaching Dispersal of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato-Infected Blacklegged Ticks by Migratory Songbirds in Canada." Healthcare 6, no. 3 (2018): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6030089.
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Lyme disease has been documented in northern areas of Canada, but the source of the etiological bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) has been in doubt. We collected 87 ticks from 44 songbirds during 2017, and 24 (39%) of 62 nymphs of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis, were positive for Bbsl. We provide the first report of Bbsl-infected, songbird-transported I. scapularis in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia; Newfoundland and Labrador; north-central Manitoba, and Alberta. Notably, we report the northernmost account of Bbsl-infected ticks parasitizing a bird in Canada. DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing reveal that these Bbsl amplicons belong to Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto (Bbss), which is pathogenic to humans. Based on our findings, health-care providers should be aware that migratory songbirds widely disperse B. burgdorferi-infected I. scapularis in Canada’s North, and local residents do not have to visit an endemic area to contract Lyme disease.
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Lechtreck, Karl-Ferdinand, Eric C. Johnson, Tsuyoshi Sakai, et al. "The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii BBSome is an IFT cargo required for export of specific signaling proteins from flagella." Journal of Cell Biology 187, no. 7 (2009): 1117–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200909183.
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In humans, seven evolutionarily conserved genes that cause the cilia-related disorder Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) encode proteins that form a complex termed the BBSome. The function of the BBSome in the cilium is not well understood. We purified a BBSome-like complex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii flagella and found that it contains at least BBS1, -4, -5, -7, and -8 and undergoes intraflagellar transport (IFT) in association with a subset of IFT particles. C. reinhardtii insertional mutants defective in BBS1, -4, and -7 assemble motile, full-length flagella but lack the ability to phototax. In the bbs4 mutant, the assembly and transport of IFT particles are unaffected, but the flagella abnormally accumulate several signaling proteins that may disrupt phototaxis. We conclude that the BBSome is carried by IFT but is an adapter rather than an integral component of the IFT machinery. C. reinhardtii BBS4 may be required for the export of signaling proteins from the flagellum via IFT.
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Badano, José L., Stephen J. Ansley, Carmen C. Leitch, Richard Alan Lewis, James R. Lupski, and Nicholas Katsanis. "Identification of a Novel Bardet-Biedl Syndrome Protein, BBS7, That Shares Structural Features with BBS1 and BBS2." American Journal of Human Genetics 72, no. 3 (2003): 650–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/368204.
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Feng, Yaoyu, Theresa Dearen, Vitaliano Cama, and Lihua Xiao. "90-Kilodalton Heat Shock Protein, Hsp90, as a Target for Genotyping Cryptosporidium spp. Known To Infect Humans." Eukaryotic Cell 8, no. 4 (2009): 478–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/ec.00294-08.
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ABSTRACT Small-subunit (SSU) rRNA-based methods have been commonly used in the differentiation of Cryptosporidium species or genotypes. In order to develop a new tool for confirming the genotypes of Cryptosporidium species, parts of the 90-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp90) genes of seven Cryptosporidium species and genotypes known to infect humans (C. hominis, C. parvum, C. meleagridis, C. canis, C. muris, C. suis, and the cervine genotype), together with one from cattle (C. andersoni), were sequenced and analyzed. With the exception of C. felis from cats and C. baileyi from birds, the Hsp90 genes of all tested Cryptosporidium species were amplified. Phylogenetic analysis of the hsp90 sequences from all these species is congruent with previous studies in which the SSU rRNA, 70-kDa heat shock protein, oocyst wall protein, and actin genes were analyzed and showed that gastric and intestinal parasites segregate into two distinct clades. In this study, the secondary products of hsp90 produced after PCR-restriction fragment length digestion with StyI and HphI or with BbsI showed that parasites within the intestinal or gastric clade could be differentiated from each other. These data confirm the utility of the Hsp90 gene as a sensitive, specific, and robust molecular tool for differentiating species and/or genotypes of Cryptosporidium in clinical specimens.
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Stowe, Timothy R., Christopher J. Wilkinson, Anila Iqbal, and Tim Stearns. "The centriolar satellite proteins Cep72 and Cep290 interact and are required for recruitment of BBS proteins to the cilium." Molecular Biology of the Cell 23, no. 17 (2012): 3322–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e12-02-0134.
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Defects in centrosome and cilium function are associated with phenotypically related syndromes called ciliopathies. Centriolar satellites are centrosome-associated structures, defined by the protein PCM1, that are implicated in centrosomal protein trafficking. We identify Cep72 as a PCM1-interacting protein required for recruitment of the ciliopathy-associated protein Cep290 to centriolar satellites. Loss of centriolar satellites by depletion of PCM1 causes relocalization of Cep72 and Cep290 from satellites to the centrosome, suggesting that their association with centriolar satellites normally restricts their centrosomal localization. We identify interactions between PCM1, Cep72, and Cep290 and find that disruption of centriolar satellites by overexpression of Cep72 results in specific aggregation of these proteins and the BBSome component BBS4. During ciliogenesis, BBS4 relocalizes from centriolar satellites to the primary cilium. This relocalization occurs normally in the absence of centriolar satellites (PCM1 depletion) but is impaired by depletion of Cep290 or Cep72, resulting in defective ciliary recruitment of the BBSome subunit BBS8. We propose that Cep290 and Cep72 in centriolar satellites regulate the ciliary localization of BBS4, which in turn affects assembly and recruitment of the BBSome. Finally, we show that loss of centriolar satellites in zebrafish leads to phenotypes consistent with cilium dysfunction and analogous to those observed in human ciliopathies.
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Murdifin, Imaduddin, Munawir Nasir, Muhammad Ashoer, and Muh Haerdiansyah Syahnur. "Determination of Internet Banking Customer Satisfaction - Study at SOE Bank in Indonesia." Jurnal Minds: Manajemen Ide dan Inspirasi 8, no. 1 (2021): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.24252/minds.v8i1.20640.
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This study seeks to identify the role of perception of information technology, service quality, and trust on customer satisfaction of internet banking users in several State-Owned Enterprises (SOE) Banks in Indonesia. The study involved 228 respondents from BBRI, BMRI, and BBNI. The stages in data analysis involve the classical assumption, validity & reliability, and effect test using PLS-SEM. The results accept all hypotheses with positive and significant effects. This study finds that the optimal use and application of information technology systems can increase perceptions of internet banking use on customer satisfaction at SOE banks in Indonesia.
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Anggraeni, Ratna Wahyu, and Mispiyanti Mispiyanti. "Analisis Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal Saham dengan Menggunakan Model Indeks Tunggal (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Terdaftar ii Indeks Sri-Kehati Periode 2016-2018)." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi (JIMMBA) 2, no. 1 (2020): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.32639/jimmba.v2i1.442.
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Portofolio saham merupakan investasi yang terdiri dari berbagai saham perusahaan dengan harapan bila harga salah satu saham menurun, sementara yang lain meningkat maka investasi tersebut tidak mengalami kerugian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui saham yang terdaftar dalam indeks SRI-KEHATI yang memenuhi kriteria pembentukan portofolio optimal. Analisis yang digunakan dalam pembentukan portofolio optimal pada penelitian ini menggunakan penerapan Model Indeks Tunggal. Sampel penelitian ini adalah saham perusahaan pada Indeks SRI KEHATI dan secara konsisten terdaftar dalam indeks SRI-KEHATI periode 2016-2018. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 22 saham sampel penelitian, terdapat 7 saham yang merupakan saham pembentuk portofolio optimal yaitu JPFA, TINS, BBCA, UNTR, BDMN, BMRI, BBNI dengan proporsi dana masing-masing sebesar 0.1359 atau 13,59% untuk JPFA, 0.0439 atau 4,39% untuk TINS, 0,5950 atau 59,50% untuk BBCA, 0.0751 atau 7,51% untuk UNTR, 0.0875 atau 8,75% untuk BDMN, 0.0427 atau 4,27% untuk BBRI, 0,0199 atau 1,99% untuk BBNI. Portofolio yang terbentuk dari ketujuh saham tersebut mampu memberikan expected return sebesar 2,625% dan memiliki risiko sebesar 0,15%.
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Roldán, Ingrid Johana, Rodrigo Castaño, and María Cristina Navas. "Mutaciones del gen ARN ribosómico 23S de Helicobacter pylori asociadas con resistencia a claritromicina en pacientes atendidos en una unidad de endoscopia de Medellín, Colombia." Biomédica 39, Supl. 2 (2019): 117–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i4.4377.
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Introducción. La claritromicina es el antibiótico de primera línea para el tratamiento de la infección por Helicobacter pylori. La resistencia bacteriana se produce principalmente por mutaciones puntuales del gen ARN ribosómico 23S (ARNr 23S).Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de las mutaciones puntuales A2143G y A2142G del gen ARNr 23S asociadas con la resistencia de H. pylori a la claritromicina en muestras de pacientes con manifestaciones dispépticas en Medellín, región noroccidental de Colombia.Materiales y métodos. Se extrajo ADN a partir de muestras de biopsia gástrica obtenidas de pacientes con manifestaciones dispépticas atendidos en una unidad de endoscopia entre el 2016 y el 2017. Mediante reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), se amplificaron las regiones s y m del gen vacA y una región del gen ARNr 23S bacteriano. La presencia de las mutaciones A2142G y A2143G se determinó por la técnica de polimorfismos de longitud de fragmentos de restricción (RFLP) con las enzimas BbsI y BsaI, respectivamente.Resultados. Se encontró una prevalencia de infección de 44,2 % (175/396), según el informe de histopatología. En 143 de estas 175 muestras positivas se amplificaron las tres regiones del genoma bacteriano. Se identificaron las mutaciones A2143G y A2142G en 27 muestras (18,8 %; 27/143), la mutación más frecuente fue la A2143G (81,5 %; 22/27).Conclusiones. Hubo una gran prevalencia de mutaciones asociadas con la resistencia de H. pylori a la claritromicina en la población de estudio. Se requieren estudios adicionales para establecer la resistencia bacteriana en la población colombiana y, así, determinar los tratamientos de primera línea y de rescate.
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Wibowo, Yohan Henri. "Manfaat EVA Sebagai Predikator EPS (Studi Empiris Bank Umum Milik Pemerintah Periode 2011 - 2015)." Jurnal Riset Manajemen dan Bisnis (JRMB) Fakultas Ekonomi UNIAT 2, no. 1 (2017): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36226/jrmb.v2i1.30.
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The aims of this study is to find the empirical evidence, that the Economic Value Added positive (EVA> 0) can predict the Earnings per Share (EPS). In this study, the collecting of data method is the documentative the Annual Financial Statements have been audited (FS Audited) of all government-owned commercial bank).The approach in this study is Descriptive Quantitative and associative.The sample in this study is the 4 (four) commercial bank, which BBRI, BBNI, Mandiri, and BBTN.The results of research that found empirical evidence that EVA> 0 can predict the EPS, This is revealed in simple linear regression equation Y = 76.315 + 3,052X + ε, R Square = 0.981, Sig. 0,000.
 
 Keywords: EVA, EPS
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Occhialini, A., M. Urdaci, F. Doucet-Populaire, C. M. Bébéar, H. Lamouliatte, and F. Mégraud. "Macrolide resistance in Helicobacter pylori: rapid detection of point mutations and assays of macrolide binding to ribosomes." Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 41, no. 12 (1997): 2724–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.41.12.2724.
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Resistance of Helicobacter pylori to macrolides is a major cause of failure of eradication therapies. Single base substitutions in the H. pylori 23S rRNA genes have been associated with macrolide resistance in the United States. Our goal was to extend this work to European strains, to determine the consequence of this mutation on erythromycin binding to H. pylori ribosomes, and to find a quick method to detect the mutation. Seven pairs of H. pylori strains were used, the parent strain being naturally susceptible to macrolides and the second strain having acquired an in vivo resistance during a treatment regimen that included clarithromycin. The identity of the strains was confirmed by random amplified polymorphic DNA testing with two different primers, indicating that resistance was the result of the selection of variants of the infecting strain. All resistant strains were found to have point mutations at position 2143 (three cases) or 2144 (four cases) but never on the opposite DNA fragment of domain V of the 23S rRNA gene. The mutation was A-->G in all cases except one (A-->C) at position 2143. Using BsaI and BbsI restriction enzymes on the amplified products, we confirmed the mutations of A-->G at positions 2144 and 2143, respectively. Macrolide binding was tested on purified ribosomes isolated from four pairs of strains with [14C]erythromycin. Erythromycin binding increased in a dose-dependent manner for the susceptible strain but not for the resistant one. In conclusion we suggest that the limited disruption of the peptidyltransferase loop conformation, caused by a point mutation, reduces drug binding and consequently confers resistance to macrolides. Finally, the macrolide resistance could be detected without sequencing by performing restriction fragment length polymorphism with appropriate restriction enzymes.
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Hutajulu, Aprilliani, and Francis Hutabarat. "Pengaruh Mediasi Return on Equity dalam Hubungan antara Ukuran Perusahaan dan Penghindaran Pajak." Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Humanika 10, no. 2 (2020): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jiah.v10i2.26057.
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This study was conducted to investigate whether Company Size and Return on Equity (ROE) have an influence on Tax Avoidance. The study uses quantitative data with 75 sample data in 15 banking sectors listed on the IDX in the financial statements from 2014-2018. Research samples were obtained from 15 companies in the banking industry listed on the IDX, namely: AGRO, BBCA, BBKP, BBNI, BBRI, BBTN, BBYB, BDMN, BJBR, BJTM, BMRI, BNGA, INPC, MCOR, and PNBN. To fulfill the hypothesis, statistical F test, T test and regression analysis are needed. The results showed that company size had no significant effect on tax avoidance and ROE had a significant effect on tax avoidance. It can be concluded that the existence of ROE fully mediates the influence of SIZE and Tax Avoidance
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Lesmana, Theresia. "Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan 5 Perusahaan Perbankan Terbesar Periode 2010-2012 Menggunakan DuPont System." Binus Business Review 4, no. 2 (2013): 834–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v4i2.1399.
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Assessment of corporate performance can be viewed from financial aspect and nonfinancial aspect. This study attempted specifically to measure financial performance by using the DuPont system of financial analysis. DuPont system disaggregates performance into three components. They are Net Profit Margin (NPM), Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Object of this study is five largest financial institutions based on market capitalization and go public. Those five financial institutions are Bank Republik Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (BBRI), Bank Central Asia Tbk (BBCA), Bank Mandiri (Persero) Tbk (BMRI), Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk (BBNI) and Bank Danamon Indonesia Tbk (BDMN). The financial performance of five banks was measured for three periods, from 2010 until 2012. It was found that only Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero) Tbk is the best financial performance using DuPont System.
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Hayatul, Ani, and Iwan Setya Putra. "Analisis Pengambilan Keputusan Investasi Saham Melalui Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal Pada Indeks Kompas 100." Jurnal Penelitian Teori & Terapan Akuntansi (PETA) 6, no. 1 (2021): 104–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.51289/peta.v6i1.482.
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Analisis Pengambilan Keputusan Investasi Saham Melalui Pembentukan Portofolio Optimal Pada Indeks Kompas 100. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hasil dari pembentukan portofolio optimal pada saham-saham yang masuk pada indeks Kompas 100 periode Februari 2016 hingga Januari 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh yaitu dari 34 sampel saham, terdapat 13 saham perusahaan yang menjadi komposisi dalam portofolio optimal. Komposisi ke 13 saham tersebut yaitu 7,18% saham ANTM, 4,74% saham SRIL, 7,97% saham INCO, 15,42% saham PTBA, 8,76% saham UNTR, 7,40% saham ADRO, 24,46% saham BBCA, 5,89% saham BBRI, 4,30% saham BBNI, 5,61% saham BMRI, 2,57% saham BBTN, 4,57% saham ICBP dan 1,13% saham GGRM. Apabila investor menginvestasikan dananya sesuai dengan porsi diatas selama 3 tahun maka return yang akan diperoleh sebesar 2,79% dengan risiko sebesar 1,23%
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Wahyuni, Nyoman Candra Tri, and Ni Putu Ayu Darmayanti. "PEMBENTUKAN PORTOFOLIO OPTIMAL BERDASARKAN MODEL INDEKS TUNGGAL PADA SAHAM INDEKS IDX30 DI BEI." E-Jurnal Manajemen Universitas Udayana 8, no. 6 (2019): 3814. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ejmunud.2019.v08.i06.p19.
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Stocks are included in determination of the optimal portfolio along with the proportion of each stock and to know how much portfolio return and risk investors will get in the future. The study was conducted on the IDX30 Index on the IDX for the period August 2016 - January 2018. The population of this study used shares that were incorporated in IDX30 Index with sample used was 25 IDX30 Index stocks during the study period. The study uses the optimal portfolio model, namely the Single Index Model The results of the study show that from 25 stocks there are 8 stocks that can form an optimal portfolio with their respective proportions, consisting shares of ADRO, BBC, BBNI, BBRI, BMRI, GGRM, PWON, and UNTR. These shares provide a portfolio expected return of 3.25 percent with a portfolio risk level of 0.07 percent.
 Keywords: Stock Investment, Return, Risk, Optimal Portfolio, Single Index Model
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Thivichon-Prince, B., M. L. Couble, A. Giamarchi, et al. "Primary Cilia of Odontoblasts: Possible Role in Molar Morphogenesis." Journal of Dental Research 88, no. 10 (2009): 910–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034509345822.
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A primary cilium, a sensory organelle present in almost every vertebrate cell, is regularly described in odontoblasts, projecting from the surfaces of the cells. Based on the hypothesis that the primary cilium is crucial both for dentin formation and possibly in tooth pain transmission, we have investigated the expression and localization of the main cilium components and involvement of the OFD1 gene in tooth morphogenesis. Odontoblasts in vitro express tubulin, inversin, rootletin, OFD1, BBS4, BBS6, ALMS1, KIF3A, PC1, and PC2. In vivo, cilia are aligned parallel to the dentin walls, with the top part oriented toward the pulp core. Close relationships between cilium and nerve fibers are evidenced. Calcium channels are concentrated in the vicinity of the basal body. Analysis of these data suggests a putative role of cilia in sensing the microenvironment, probably related to dentin secretion. This hypothesis is enhanced by the huge defects observed on molars from Ofd1 knockout mice, showing undifferentiated dentin-forming cells.
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Zhang, Q., D. Nishimura, S. Seo, et al. "Bardet-Biedl syndrome 3 (Bbs3) knockout mouse model reveals common BBS-associated phenotypes and Bbs3 unique phenotypes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 51 (2011): 20678–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1113220108.
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Nursetyo, Akbar Ilham, and Akhmad Syarifudin. "Pengambilan Keputusan Investasi Saham Menggunakan Pendekatan Price Earning Ratio (Studi Kasus pada Perusahaan Terdaftar di Indeks Sri-Kehati Periode 2015-2017)." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Manajemen, Bisnis dan Akuntansi (JIMMBA) 2, no. 1 (2020): 22–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32639/jimmba.v2i1.437.
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Nilai intrinsik merupakan nilai seharusnya dari suatu saham. Terdapat tiga kondisi pada penghitungan nilai intrinsik saham yaitu undervalue dimana nilai intrinsik lebih besar dari harga pasar, overvalue dimana nilai intrinsik lebih kecil dari harga pasar, sedangkan correct value dimana nilai intrinsik sama dengan harga pasar. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui nilai intrinsik dalam menyusun strategi dan membuat keputusan bagi investor dalam menentukan waktu yang tepat saat investasi saham, baik menjual, membeli atau menahan saham tersebut. Analisis yang digunakan dalam menghitung nilai intrinsik saham dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisis fundamental dengan pendekatan Price Earning Ratio. Objek penelitian ini menggunakan perusahaan yang terdaftar pada Indeks SRI-KEHATI periode 2015-2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 10 saham perusahaan dalam kondisi undervalue yaitu perusahaan BBNI, BMRI, INDF, JSMR, KLBF, LSIP, PJAA, TLKM, UNTR, WSKT maka keputusan investasi yang tepat adalah membeli saham tersebut. Terdapat 5 perusahaan yang sahamnya dalam kondisi overvalue yaitu ASII, BBCA, BBRI, BDMN, UNVR dan WIKA maka keputusan investasi yang tepat yaitu menjual saham apabila telah memilikinya atau tidak membeli saham tersebut. Tidak terdapat saham perusahaan pada Indeks SRI-KEHATI dengan kondisi correct value.
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Prasai, Avishek, Marketa Schmidt Cernohorska, Klara Ruppova, et al. "The BBSome assembly is spatially controlled by BBS1 and BBS4 in human cells." Journal of Biological Chemistry 295, no. 42 (2020): 14279–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.ra120.013905.
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Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS) is a pleiotropic ciliopathy caused by dysfunction of primary cilia. More than half of BBS patients carry mutations in one of eight genes encoding for subunits of a protein complex, the BBSome, which mediates trafficking of ciliary cargoes. In this study, we elucidated the mechanisms of the BBSome assembly in living cells and how this process is spatially regulated. We generated a large library of human cell lines deficient in a particular BBSome subunit and expressing another subunit tagged with a fluorescent protein. We analyzed these cell lines utilizing biochemical assays, conventional and expansion microscopy, and quantitative fluorescence microscopy techniques: fluorescence recovery after photobleaching and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. Our data revealed that the BBSome formation is a sequential process. We show that the pre-BBSome is nucleated by BBS4 and assembled at pericentriolar satellites, followed by the translocation of the BBSome into the ciliary base mediated by BBS1. Our results provide a framework for elucidating how BBS-causative mutations interfere with the biogenesis of the BBSome.
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Priadi, Ramadhan, Angga Wijaya, Maria Annaluna Pasaribu, and Riska Yulinda. "Analysis of the Donggala-Palu Tsunami Characteristics based on Rupture Duration (Tdur) and Active Fault Orientation using the HC-plot Method." Jurnal Geofisika 17, no. 1 (2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.36435/jgf.v17i1.392.
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September 28th, 2018, Donggala-Palu earthquake M 7.5 occurred at depth of 12 km and generated tsunami to be released off the coast in Palu Bay. The tsunami that occurred in Palu was very interesting because the results of the earthquake source mechanism Palu had a type of strike-slip fault that should not have generated a tsunami. This study purpose to estimate the characteristics of the Donggala-Palu tsunami based on rupture duration ( and orientation fault activated using the HC-plot method. The data used in this study are data waveforms from 17 seismic stations and CMT Global catalog data with the area of research 0.87 0 N-1.78 0S dan 118.640E- 120.95 0E. The waveform data used is a phase P-PP vertical component signal with a Bandpass-filter 1-5 Hz for determination . The fastest rupture duration from the earthquake source is obtained from the calculation of each station. Delay time measurement after P wave for 90% (T0.9), 80% (T0.8), 50% (T0.5), dan 20% (T0.2) from its peak value. Then the HC-plot method is used to estimate the orientation of generator fault Palu earthquake and the direction of rupture from the focal mechanism. From the results of processing obtained 2 pairs of seismic stations with almost the same distance but with different azimuths. The fastest rupture duration is at BBSI station with value of 82.014 s and distance from station to epicenter . So that the rupture direction is in the azimuth from the north. The result of fault orientation was obtained hypocenter distance to the centroid for nodal plane 1 is 6.32 km and nodal plane 2 is 30.17 km with distance centroid to hypocenter is 31.22 km. So in Palu earthquake, the tsunami generator fault was in nodal plane 1 with direction north-south. Criteria obtained indicate that the Palu earthquake M 7.5 has potential for a tsunami because of its value has meet ≥ 65 s, but from the result of the focal mechanism direction field not passing through the Palu bay is thought to be another parameter that generates a tsunami and Palu koro fault line uncharted.
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Satwani, Prakash, Jason L. Freedman, Sonali Chaudhury, et al. "A Study of Impact of Bacterial Blood Stream Infections (BBSI) and Antibiotic Resistance on Transplant Related Mortality (TRM) Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (alloHCT) in Children: A Multicenter Study." Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation 22, no. 3 (2016): S259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.11.689.
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Pintari, Herida Okta, and Retno Subekti. "Penerapan Metode GARCH-Vine Copula untuk Estimasi Value at Risk (VaR) pada Portofolio." Jurnal Fourier 7, no. 2 (2018): 63–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/fourier.2018.72.63-77.
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Salah satu alat ukur yang digunakan untuk menghitung risiko portofolio adalah Value at Risk (VaR). Beberapa metode pengukuran VaR mengasumsikan return berdistribusi normal dan ukuran dependensi antar saham menggunakan korelasi linear. Faktanya, asumsi normalitas pada data finansial jarang terpenuhi dan terdapat indikasi adanya heteroskedastisitas. Selain itu, kebergantungan antar saham yang non-linear tidak sesuai apabila diukur dengan korelasi linear. Penyimpangan ini menyebabkan tidak validnya estimasi VaR. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penerapan metode GARCH-Vine Copula untuk estimasi VaR pada portofolio. Vine Copula adalah fungsi distribusi multivariat yang menggabungkan distribusi marginal return univariat dalam portofolio, dan dapat menggambarkan struktur kebergantungan non-linearnya. Vine Copula dapat dilakukan dengan menentukan dekomposisi Vine Copula dan fungsi keluarga copulanya. Dekomposisi Vine Copula dilakukan dengan menggunakan C-Vine dan D-Vine Copula. Kemudian dengan menggunakan fungsi copula keluarga Archimedean, yaitu Clayton, Gumbel, dan Frank dapat ditentukan distribusi bersamanya. Pembentukan distribusi marginal menggunakan model GARCH berdistribusi Student-t digunakan untuk mengatasi adanya heteroskedastisitas. Hasil penerapan dari tiga saham perbankan, yaitu BBNI, BBRI, dan BMRI periode 26 Agustus 2013 hingga 20 November 2017 diperoleh model D-Vine Copula dengan fungsi copula Frank adalah model terbaik untuk memodelkan data, dengan nilai VaR sebesar 1,86%, 2,56%, dan 4,49% dari dana investasi pada tingkat kepercayaan 90%, 95%, dan 99%.
 [One of the measurement instrument that are used to calculate the risk of portfolio is Value at Risk (VaR). Several methods of measuring VaR assumes normal and the size of dependencies return between the stock using a linear correlation. Basically, the assumption normal in financial data is violated and the possibility of heteroscedasticity is indicated. In addition, dependences non-linear is not appropriate when measured with a linear correlation. This deviation causes invalidity VaR estimation. The purpose of this research is to know the application of GARCH-Vine Copula method for estimation of VaR on portfolio. Vine Copula is a multivariate distribution function that combines the univariate marginal distribution of return in portfolio, and it can describe the structure of dependencies non-linear. Vine Copula can be done by determining the decomposition of Vine Copula and its copula family function. Vine Copula decomposition is using C-Vine and D-Vine Copula. Then by using the copula function of the Archimedean family, namely Clayton, Gumbel, and Frank can be determined the joint distribution. The facts, the formation of the marginal distribution of GARCH model using the student-t distribution used to overcome the presence of heteroscedasticity. The result of the application of these stocks namely BBNI, BBRI, and BMRI from 26 August 2013 to 20 November 2017 has shown model D-Vine Copula copula functions with Frank is the best one to model the data. So, the VaR estimation at 90%, 95%, and 99% confidence levels are 1,86%, 2,56%, and 4,49% respectively of the invested funds.]
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Jin, Hua, Qingshan Zhao, Haiying Feng, et al. "Changes on the Structural and Physicochemical Properties of Conjugates Prepared by the Maillard Reaction of Black Bean Protein Isolates and Glucose with Ultrasound Pretreatment." Polymers 11, no. 5 (2019): 848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11050848.
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The conjugates of black bean protein isolate (BBPI) and glucose (G) were prepared via the wet heating Maillard reaction with ultrasound pretreatment. The physicochemical properties of UBBPI-G conjugates prepared by ultrasound pretreatment Maillard reaction had been compared with classical Maillard reaction (BBPI-G). The reaction rate between BBPI and glucose was speeded up by ultrasound pretreatment. A degree of glycation (DG) of 20.49 was achieved by 2 h treatment for UBBPI-G, whereas 5 h was required using the classical heating. SDS-PAGE patterns revealed that the BBPI-G conjugates with higher molecular weight were formed after glycosylation. The results of secondary structure analysis suggested that the α-helix and β-sheet content of UBBPI-G were lower than that of BBPI-G. In addition, UBBPI-G conjugates had exhibited bathochromic shift compared with BBPI by fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. Finally, UBBPI-G achieved higher level of surface hydrophobicity, solubility, emulsification property and antioxidant activity than BBPI and BBPI-G (classical Maillard reaction).
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Hasan, Nurain, Frendy A. O. Pelleng, and Joanne V. Mangindaan. "Analisis Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) Sebagai Dasar Pengambilan Keputusan Berinvestasi Saham (Studi pada Indeks Bisnis-27 di Bursa Efek Indonesia)." JURNAL ADMINISTRASI BISNIS 8, no. 1 (2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35797/jab.8.1.2019.23498.36-43.
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The purpose of this study were: (1) To help investors pick efficient and inefficient stocks, (2) Investors know which stocks that have an optimal return and appropriate risk, (3) Investors know about CAPM metodh in determining the best investment decisions. CAPM is a model for estimating returns earned on risky securities or as a benchmark in evaluating the rate of return on an investment. The samples were selected by purposive sampling technique, the samples were determined by the specific criteria: (1) Companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange belonging to the Business-27 stock index (2) Companies whose shares are included in the Business-27 stock index consistenly. The selection criteria in this study is choosing the efficient stocks in which individual return > expected return (Ri>ERi). Efficient collection of shares must be a priority in investment decisions made only efficient stocks that can be purchased. The results of this study indicate that: There are 18 stocks included on Efficient shares ie AKRA, BBCA, BBNI, BBRI, BMRI, CPIN, GGRM, INDF, INTP, PGAS, SMGR. These shares have a Ri> ERi value, investment decisions should be taken by investors was to buy efficient stocks. Based on data analysis there is a non-linear relationship between systematic risk and expected stock returns.
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Iradianty, Aldilla, Kendra Veren Widya Arista, and Hastungkoro Endah Pramesti. "SOUNDNESS RATING OF BANKS IN INDONESIA PERIOD 2015-2019." Jurnal Media Ekonomi (JURMEK) 26, no. 1 (2021): 56–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.32767/jurmek.v26i1.1271.
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Banks in conducting their business must always pay attention to their soundness by RGEC, Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earning, Capital to know it belongs to the category of unhealthy, less healthy, fairly healthy, healthy, or very healthy. This study aims to determine bank ratings and to determine whether there are differences in the health condition of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in 2015 – 2019 and analyzed based on average composite rankings and one way ANOVA tests to reach comparative conclusions of various RGEC indicator. Based on the risk profile indicator the highest LDR obtained by BJTM and lowest by BBTN, highest NPL obtained by BBCA and the lowest by BEKS, the second indicator is good corporate governance measured using the composite value and the highest obtained by BBCA, NISP, BMRI, BJBR, BJTM, BDMN, BBRI, BBNI and the lowest by BEKS, another indicator is earning measured using NIM, for the highest obtained by BDNM and the lowest by NISP, for ROA the highest obtained by BBCA and the lowest by BEKS, the last indicator is Capital measured using CAR obtained the highest is BJTM and the lowest is BEKS. The ANOVA test results show that there are differences in the health condition of banks in Indonesia for the 2015-2019 period.
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Andrade, Sheila Siqueira, Soraya Soubhi Smaili, Priscila Totarelli Monteforte, et al. "A plant Kunitz-type inhibitor mimics bradykinin-induced cytosolic calcium increase and intestinal smooth muscle contraction." Biological Chemistry 393, no. 9 (2012): 943–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hsz-2012-0126.
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Abstract: BbKI is a kallikrein inhibitor with a reactive site sequence similar to that of kinins, the vasoactive peptides inserted in kininogen moieties. This structural similarity probably contributes to the strong interaction with plasma kallikrein, the enzyme that releases, from high-molecular weight kininogen (HMWK), the proinflammatory peptide bradykinin, which acts on B2 receptors (B2R). BbKI was examined on smooth muscle contraction and Ca2+ mobilization, in which the kallikrein-kinin system is involved. Contrary to expectations, BbKI (1.8 μm) increased [Ca2+]cand contraction, as observed with BK (2.0 μm). Not blocked by B1 receptors (B1R), the BbKI agonistic effect was blocked by the B2R antagonist, HOE-140 (6 μm), and the involvement of B2R was confirmed in B2R-knockout mice intestine. The same tissue response was obtained using a synthetic peptide derived from the BbKI reactive site structure, more resistant than BK to angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) hydrolysis. Depending on the concentration, BbKI has a dual effect. At a low concentration, BbKI acts as a potent kallikrein inhibitor; however, due to the similarity to BK, in high concentrations, BbKI greatly increases Ca2+ release from internal storages, as a consequence of its interaction with B2R. Therefore, the antagonistic and agonistic effects of BbKI may be considered in conditions of B2R involvement.
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Jia, Minzhi, Xiaoliang Li, Chuan Jiang, et al. "Testis-enriched circular RNA circ-Bbs9 plays an important role in Leydig cell proliferation by regulating a CyclinD2-dependent pathway." Reproduction, Fertility and Development 32, no. 4 (2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd18474.
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Circular RNAs belong to a new category of non-coding RNAs, characterised by a circular structure, conservation, stability and high expression in eukaryotes. They often show tissue- or cell-specific expression. Here, we identified a testis-enriched circular RNA (circRNA), circular Bbs9 (circ-Bbs9) that is highly expressed in mouse testis. An RNase R treatment experiment confirmed that circ-Bbs9 is indeed a circRNA. In situ hybridisation experiments showed that circ-Bbs9 is expressed in Leydig cells along seminiferous tubules and in the cytoplasm of the TM3 Leydig cell line. Knocking down the circ-Bbs9 in TM3 cells by lentivirus vectors arrested cell proliferation, whereas overexpression of circ-Bbs9 induced cell proliferation significantly. Knocking down circ-Bbs9 inhibited the protein level of cyclin D2 (Ccnd2) and RNA immunoprecipitation results showed that circ-Bbs9 interacts with Ccnd2. Our results show that use of the Hedgehog pathway Smoothened Agonist (SAG) HCl and antagonists cyclopamine and gant6 affects the expression levels of Glioma-Associated Oncogene Homolog 1 (Gli1), Ccnd2 and other genes in this pathway. Our research reveals that a Leydig cell-specific circRNA, circ-Bbs9, plays a critical role in Leydig cell proliferation through regulating the levels of cell cycle-related Ccnd2. Thus, our results emphasise the important role of circRNA in the male reproductive system.
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Weiland, John J., David Van Winkle, Michael C. Edwards, et al. "Characterization of a U.S. Isolate of Beet black scorch virus." Phytopathology® 97, no. 10 (2007): 1245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/phyto-97-10-1245.
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The first reported U.S. isolate of Beet black scorch necrovirus (BBSV) was obtained and characterized. Host range of the virus for localized and occasionally systemic infection included the Chenopodiaceae and Tetragonia expansa; Nicotiana benthamiana supported symptomless systemic infection by the virus. The complete nucleotide sequence of the genomic RNA of the virus, designated BBSV-Co, exhibits 93% similarity to the genome of the ‘Ningxia’ isolate of BBSV from China. Amino acid sequence similarity in predicted genes ranged from 95% in the p4 gene to 97% in the p82 and coat protein genes. A potential additional gene exists within the U.S. isolate of BBSV that is absent from Chinese isolates of BBSV due to nucleotide differences between these isolates within the coat protein gene. Coat protein analysis by isoelectric focusing and by mass spectroscopy indicated the presence of phosphorylated residues. Using primer extension analysis of the 5′ end of the genome and site-directed mutants of genomic clones of BBSV-Co from which infectious RNA was produced, the native 5′ end of the BBSV-Co genome was determined to be 5′-GAAACCTAACC…3′, lacking the two terminal adenosine nucleotides in the published sequences of BBSV from China.
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Almeida-Reis, Rafael, Osmar A. Theodoro-Junior, Bruno T. M. Oliveira, et al. "Plant Proteinase Inhibitor BbCI Modulates Lung Inflammatory Responses and Mechanic and Remodeling Alterations Induced by Elastase in Mice." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8287125.
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Background.Proteinases play a key role in emphysema.Bauhinia bauhinioides cruzipaininhibitor (BbCI) is a serine-cysteine proteinase inhibitor. We evaluated BbCI treatment in elastase-induced pulmonary alterations.Methods. C57BL/6mice received intratracheal elastase (ELA group) or saline (SAL group). One group of mice was treated with BbCI (days 1, 15, and 21 after elastase instillation, ELABC group). Controls received saline and BbCI (SALBC group). After 28 days, we evaluated respiratory mechanics, exhaled nitric oxide, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. In lung tissue we measured airspace enlargement, quantified neutrophils, TNFα-, MMP-9-, MMP-12-, TIMP-1-, iNOS-, and eNOS-positive cells, 8-iso-PGF2α, collagen, and elastic fibers in alveolar septa and airways. MUC-5-positive cells were quantified only in airways.Results.BbCI reduced elastase-induced changes in pulmonary mechanics, airspace enlargement and elastase-induced increases in total cells, and neutrophils in BALF. BbCI reduced macrophages and neutrophils positive cells in alveolar septa and neutrophils and TNFα-positive cells in airways. BbCI attenuated elastic and collagen fibers, MMP-9- and MMP-12-positive cells, and isoprostane and iNOS-positive cells in alveolar septa and airways. BbCI reduced MUC5ac-positive cells in airways.Conclusions.BbCI improved lung mechanics and reduced lung inflammation and airspace enlargement and increased oxidative stress levels induced by elastase. BbCI may have therapeutic potential in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
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Kobayashi, Tomo, Yuji Noguchi, and Masaru Miyayama. "Giant Polarization Properties of Ba-Based Bismuth Layer-Structured Ferroelectrics." Key Engineering Materials 301 (January 2006): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.301.3.
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Intergrowth-structured Bi4Ti3O12-BaBi4Ti4O15 (BiT-BBTi) single crystals were grown by a self-flux method, and the crystal structure and polarization properties were investigated. Transmission electron microscope observations and X-ray diffraction analysis presented direct evidence of the intergrowth structure composed of the alternate stacking of BiT and BBTi layers. The BiT-BBTi crystals showed a giant spontaneous polarization (Ps) along the a axis of 52 μC/cm2, which was larger than those of the crystals of BiT (46 μC/cm2) and BBTi (16 μC/cm2). The large Ps of the BiT-BBTi crystals is suggested to originate from the ferroelectric displacements of the Bi of Bi2O2 layers as well as from the Bi substitution for Ba induced by compositional deviation. It was found that the polarization properties of the BiT-BBTi crystals depend strongly on the composition.
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Krämer, Friederike, Ricarda Hüsken, Eva Maria Krüdewagen, et al. "Prevention of transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum by Ixodes spp. ticks to dogs treated with the Seresto® collar (imidacloprid 10% + flumethrin 4.5%)." Parasitology Research 119, no. 1 (2019): 299–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00436-019-06394-8.
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AbstractThe capability of imidacloprid 10% + flumethrin 4.5% (Seresto®) collars to prevent transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap) by naturally infected ticks was evaluated in two studies with 44 dogs. In each study, one group served as non-treated control, whereas the other groups were treated with the Seresto® collar. All dogs were exposed to naturally Bbsl- and Ap-infected hard ticks (Ixodes ricinus, Ixodes scapularis). In study 1, tick infestation was performed on study day (SD) 63 (2 months post-treatment [p.t.]); in study 2, it was performed on SD 32 (one month p.t.) respectively SD 219 (seven months p.t.). In situ tick counts were performed 2 days after infestation. Tick counts and removals followed 6 (study 1) or 5 days (study 2) later. Blood sampling was performed for the detection of specific Bbsl and Ap antibodies and, in study 1, for the documentation of Ap DNA by PCR. Skin biopsies were examined for Bbsl by PCR and culture (only study 1). The efficacy against Ixodes spp. was 100% at all time points. In study 1, two of six non-treated dogs became infected with Bbsl, and four of six tested positive for Ap; none of the treated dogs tested positive for Bbsl or Ap. In study 2, ten of ten non-treated dogs became infected with Bbsl and Ap; none of the treated dogs tested positive for Bbsl or Ap; 100% acaricidal efficacy was shown in both studies. Transmission of Bbsl and Ap was successfully blocked for up to 7 months.
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Bouissil, Soukaina, Zainab El Alaoui-Talibi, Guillaume Pierre, Philippe Michaud, Cherkaoui El Modafar, and Cedric Delattre. "Use of Alginate Extracted from Moroccan Brown Algae to Stimulate Natural Defense in Date Palm Roots." Molecules 25, no. 3 (2020): 720. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030720.
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Our study aimed to search for seaweed polysaccharides able to stimulate date palm defense mechanisms. Extraction, purification, characterization, and elicitor activity of sodium alginate (FSSA and BBSA) from Moroccan brown seaweeds Fucus spiralis and Bifurcaria bifurcata were investigated. FSSA and BBSA were characterized by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and size exclusion chromatography (HPLC-SEC). The mannuronic acid/guluronic acid (M/G) ratio of FSSA was M/G = 0.92 indicating that FSSA contained 48% and 52% of mannuronic and guluronic acids respectively, and the M/G ratio of BBSA was 0.47 indicating that BBSA contained 32% and 68% of mannuronic and guluronic acids respectively. Elicitor activity of FSSA and BBSA was carried out by developing an innovative study model on the date palm. The elicitor capacities were evaluated by investigating phenolic metabolism including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity and total polyphenol content in seedling roots of date palm maintained in alginates solution (FSSA and BBSA) at different concentrations. The results obtained show that the PAL activity and the phenolic compound content were significantly stimulated with 1 mg·mL−1 of FSSA and BBSA; after 1 day of treatment with FSSA, and after 12 h of treatment with BBSA. These results show clearly those alginates extracted from Moroccan brown algae induced in date palm roots the stimulation of natural defense mechanisms.
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Li, Mi, Jaroslav Srp, Alla Gustchina, Zbigniew Dauter, Michael Mares, and Alexander Wlodawer. "Crystal structures of the complex of a kallikrein inhibitor from Bauhinia bauhinioides with trypsin and modeling of kallikrein complexes." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 75, no. 1 (2019): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798318016492.
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Structures of a recombinant Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor from Bauhinia bauhinioides (BbKI) complexed with bovine trypsin were determined in two crystal forms. The crystal structure with the L55R mutant of BbKI was determined in space group P64 at 1.94 Å resolution and that with native BbKI in the monoclinic space group P21 at 3.95 Å resolution. The asymmetric unit of the latter crystals contained 44 independent complexes, thus representing one of the largest numbers of independent objects deposited in the Protein Data Bank. Additionally, the structure of the complex with native BbKI was determined at 2.0 Å resolution from P64 crystals isomorphous to those of the mutant. Since BbKI has previously been found to be a potent inhibitor of the trypsin-like plasma kallikrein, it was also tested against several tissue kallikreins. It was found that BbKI is a potent inhibitor of human tissue kallikrein 4 (KLK4) and the chymotrypsin-like human tissue kallikrein 7 (KLK7). Structures of BbKI complexed with the catalytic domain of human plasma kallikrein were modeled, as well as those with KLK4 and KLK7, and the structures were analyzed in order to identify the interactions that are responsible for inhibitory potency.
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Feng, Jin, Gao, et al. "The Effect of (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Non-Covalent Interaction with the Glycosylated Protein on the Emulsion Property." Polymers 11, no. 10 (2019): 1688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101688.
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The effect of (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on protein structure and emulsion properties of glycosylated black bean protein isolate (BBPI-G) were studied and compared to native black bean protein isolate (BBPI). The binding affinity of BBPI and BBPI-G with EGCG belonged to non-covalent interaction, which was determined by fluorescence quenching. EGCG attachment caused more disordered protein conformation, leading to a higher emulsification property. Among the different EGCG concentrations (0.10, 0.25, 0.50 mg/mL), the result revealed that the highest level of the emulsification property was obtained with 0.25 mg/mL EGCG. Therefore, the BBPI-EGCG and BBPI-G-EGCG prepared by 0.25 mg/mL EGCG were selected to fabricate oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions. After the addition of EGCG, the mean particle size of emulsions decreased with the increasing absolute value of zeta-potential, and more compact interfacial film was formed due to the higher percentage of interfacial protein adsorption (AP%). Meanwhile, EGCG also significantly reduced the lipid oxidation of emulsions.
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Torrefranca, Aramis B., Alvina Pauline D. Santiago, Michelle D. Lingao, and Marie Julianne C. Racoma. "Novel compound heterozygous pathogenic BBS5 variants in Filipino siblings with Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS)." Ophthalmic Genetics 41, no. 6 (2020): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13816810.2020.1810282.
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Scott, John, Kerry Clark, Janet Foley, John Anderson, Bradley Bierman, and Lance Durden. "Extensive Distribution of the Lyme Disease Bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato, in Multiple Tick Species Parasitizing Avian and Mammalian Hosts across Canada." Healthcare 6, no. 4 (2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare6040131.
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Lyme disease, caused by the spirochetal bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (Bbsl), is typically transmitted by hard-bodied ticks (Acari: Ixodidae). Whenever this tick-borne zoonosis is mentioned in medical clinics and emergency rooms, it sparks a firestorm of controversy. Denial often sets in, and healthcare practitioners dismiss the fact that this pathogenic spirochetosis is present in their area. For distribution of Bbsl across Canada, we conducted a 4-year, tick–host study (2013–2016), and collected ticks from avian and mammalian hosts from Atlantic Canada to the West Coast. Overall, 1265 ticks representing 27 tick species belonging to four genera were collected. Of the 18 tick species tested, 15 species (83%) were positive for Bbsl and, of these infected ticks, 6 species bite humans. Overall, 13 of 18 tick species tested are human-biting ticks. Our data suggest that a 6-tick, enzootic maintenance cycle of Bbsl is present in southwestern B.C., and five of these tick species bite humans. Biogeographically, the groundhog tick, Ixodes cookei, has extended its home range from central and eastern Canada to southwestern British Columbia (B.C.). We posit that the Fox Sparrow, Passerella iliaca, is a reservoir-competent host for Bbsl. The Bay-breasted Warbler, Setophaga castanea, and the Tennessee Warbler, Vermivora peregrina, are new host records for the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis. We provide the first report of a Bbsl-positive Amblyomma longirostre larva parasitizing a bird; this bird parasitism suggests that a Willow Flycatcher is a competent reservoir of Bbsl. Our findings show that Bbsl is present in all provinces, and that multiple tick species are implicated in the enzootic maintenance cycle of this pathogen. Ultimately, Bbsl poses a serious public health contagion Canada-wide.