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Øivind Madsen, Dag. "Not dead yet: the rise, fall and persistence of the BCG Matrix." Problems and Perspectives in Management 15, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.15(1).2017.02.
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The BCG Matrix was introduced almost 50 years ago, and is today considered one of the most iconic strategic planning techniques. Using management fashion theory as a theoretical lens, this paper examines the historical rise, fall and persistence of the BCG Matrix. The analysis highlights the role played by fashion-setting actors (e.g., consultants, business schools and business media) in the rise of the BCG Matrix. However, over time, portfolio planning models such as the BCG Matrix were attacked and discredited by a host of different actors, and gradually fell out of favor. Even though the BCG Matrix has fallen from grace, it is still alive and has left an imprint on management education and practice. Despite being largely discredited in academic circles, many practitioners still view it as an important corporate portfolio planning technique.
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Saleem, Imran, Allan G. A. Coombes, and Mark A. Chambers. "In Vitro Evaluation of Eudragit Matrices for Oral Delivery of BCG Vaccine to Animals." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11060270.
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Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine is the only licensed vaccine against tuberculosis (TB) in humans and animals. It is most commonly administered parenterally, but oral delivery is highly advantageous for the immunisation of cattle and wildlife hosts of TB in particular. Since BCG is susceptible to inactivation in the gut, vaccine formulations were prepared from suspensions of Eudragit L100 copolymer powder and BCG in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), containing Tween® 80, with and without the addition of mannitol or trehalose. Samples were frozen at −20 °C, freeze-dried and the lyophilised powders were compressed to produce BCG–Eudragit matrices. Production of the dried powders resulted in a reduction in BCG viability. Substantial losses in viability occurred at the initial formulation stage and at the stage of powder compaction. Data indicated that the Eudragit matrix protected BCG against simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The matrices remained intact in SGF and dissolved completely in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) within three hours. The inclusion of mannitol or trehalose in the matrix provided additional protection to BCG during freeze-drying. Control needs to be exercised over BCG aggregation, freeze-drying and powder compaction conditions to minimise physical damage of the bacterial cell wall and maximise the viability of oral BCG vaccines prepared by dry powder compaction.
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Quiding-Järbrink, Marianne, Debbie A. Smith, and Gregory J. Bancroft. "Production of Matrix Metalloproteinases in Response to Mycobacterial Infection." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 9 (September 1, 2001): 5661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.9.5661-5670.2001.
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ABSTRACT Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a large family of enzymes with specificity for the various proteins of the extracellular matrix which are implicated in tissue remodeling processes and chronic inflammatory conditions. To investigate the role of MMPs in immunity to mycobacterial infections, we incubated murine peritoneal macrophages with viable Mycobacterium bovis BCG or Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and assayed MMP activity in the supernatants by zymography. Resting macrophages secreted only small amounts of MMP-9 (gelatinase B), but secretion increased dramatically in a dose-dependent manner in response to either BCG or M. tuberculosis in vitro. Incubation with mycobacteria also induced increased MMP-2 (gelatinase A) activity. Neutralization of tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α), and to a lesser extent interleukin 18 (IL-18), substantially reduced MMP production in response to mycobacteria. Exogenous addition of TNF-α or IL-18 induced macrophages to express MMPs, even in the absence of bacteria. The immunoregulatory cytokines gamma interferon (IFN-γ), IL-4, and IL-10 all suppressed BCG-induced MMP production, but through different mechanisms. IFN-γ treatment increased macrophage secretion of TNF-α but still reduced their MMP activity. Conversely, IL-4 and IL-10 seemed to act by reducing the amount of TNF-α available to the macrophages. Finally, infection of BALB/c or severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice with either BCG or M. tuberculosis induced substantial increases in MMP-9 activity in infected tissues. In conclusion, we show that mycobacterial infection induces MMP-9 activity both in vitro and in vivo and that this is regulated by TNF-α, IL-18, and IFN-γ. These findings indicate a possible contribution of MMPs to tissue remodeling processes that occur in mycobacterial infections.
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Bellandi, Francesco. "Further Developments of the Financially-ESG Sustainable Growth Matrix." International Journal of Business and Management 17, no. 2 (January 15, 2022): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v17n2p112.
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Bellandi (20212022) has developed a matrix to assess the consistency between sustainable financial growth and sustainable ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance, hereafter ESG) growth, and how this may impact shareholders versus other stakeholders. This article further builds on that matrix, to link the product life cycle approach and the BCG matrix to the sales growth axis of the matrix and determine both the actual revenue growth and the financially sustainable revenue growth associated to each stage of a product life cycle and each quadrant of the BCG matrix. The article also illustrates how the Life Cycle Assessment methodology can be linked to the product life cycle model, and better quantify the ESG impact of each product life cycle stage on the ESG axis of the financially-ESG sustainable growth matrix. The article shows how the reading of both product life cycle and BCG matrix can be expanded from a proprietory (shareholders) to a societal (other stakeholders) perspective. This opens a new direction of research to evidence alternative ESG improvements in each stage of the life cycle model that may make a product more ESG compliant, therefore suggesting strategies to improve the ESG rating of a business or a company. This article is also a methodological step forward to create an index of ESG sustainable growth, which is currently missing.
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Nowak, Marcin, Rafał Mierzwiak, Hubert Wojciechowski, and Camelia Delcea. "Grey portfolio analysis method." Grey Systems: Theory and Application 10, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 439–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/gs-11-2019-0049.
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PurposeThe article proposes a new method of strategic analysis. The method was called the grey portfolio analysis method. The presented method is complementary to the popular BCG matrix. The use of the grey portfolio analysis method enables to make a dynamic portfolio analysis for data with a high level of uncertainty.Design/methodology/approachFirst, the article presents current problems related to the application of portfolio methods in strategic management, in particular with reference to the BCG matrix. Second, the basics of grey numbers, operations with them and the way of acting in the grey portfolio analysis method are presented. Finally, the developed method is presented in a case study concerning an IT enterprise, whose portfolio includes cloud computing services.FindingsIn the article, a new method of a strategic analysis based on the BCG matrix was presented. It combines grey methodologies of decision making with a grey prognostic model in the context of a strategic analysis. Due to this fact, a dynamic approach to the issues of portfolio methods is possible.Practical implicationsThe article fits the current need related to the development of new expert systems supporting strategic management in enterprises.Originality/valueAn introduced method is new and innovative in the area of portfolio methods. Its originality results from the fact that it eliminates a static nature of the BCG matrix through the use of grey prognostic models. What is more, when grey numbers are used, a problem of uncertainty of information, which appears, is solved at a methodological level.
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Sari, Herlina. "Strategi Pengembangan Model Bisnis Online Shop Zavair Scraves dengan menggunakan pendekatan BCG Matrix." JURNAL ILMU MANAJEMEN DAN BISNIS 10, no. 2 (September 1, 2019): 213–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/jimb.v10i2.16119.
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Trend bisnis di Indonesia saat ini sangat berkembang pesat. Penjualan dan penawaran suatu barang atau jasa sudah beralih melalui media sosial. Adanya peralihan trend bisnis ini membuat persaingan bisnis di Indonesia semakin ketat, baik dalam penjualan online maupun offline. Trend bisnis ini juga berdampak pada industry fashion hijab. Banyak perusahaan dan masyarakat yang berlomba-lomba membuka bisnis online shop. Dikarenakan penjualan melalui online lebih mudah dan lebih diminati masyarakat. Dengan banyaknya online shop yang bergerak di bidang Fashion Hijab yang ada di Indonesia, menjadikan Zavair scarves berada dalam red ocean strategy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi apa saja yang menjadi kelemahan, kekuatan, ancaman dan peluang dalam online shop Zavair scarves, serta menemukan dan merekomedasikan strategi yang tepat untuk membantu online shop Zavair scarves dalam mengambangkan bisnisnya dan produknya agar bisa bertahan dalam persaingan di dunia bisnis. Untuk mengumpulkan data, penulis menggunakan teknik wawancara terhadap owner online shop Zavair scarves yang kemudian di analisis menggunakan analisis SWOT, yang selanjutnya dilakukan pembobotan factor internal dan external. Data diolah menggunakan Matrix Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) dan Matrix External Evalution (EFE) untuk melihat posisi perusahaan berada pada kuadran IE Matrix. Tahap selanjutnya yaitu menentukan TOWS Matrix. Dan tahapan terakhir menggunakan BCG Matrix. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Zavair scarves berada pada kuadran I pada IE Matrix dan berada pada kuadran II pada BCG Matrix. Kesimpulannya, berdasarkan analisis SWOT, TOWS dan BCG Matrix bahwa market penetration, market development dan product development merupakan strategi yang paling penting untuk memajukan Zavair scarves. Kata Kunci: Analisis SWOT, Business Model, Boston Consulting Group
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Janiah, Samrotul. "STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT EFE-IFE MATRIX, SWOT ANALYSIS, COMPETITIVE PROFIL MATRIX (CPM) DAN BCG MATRIX PADA PT YAMAHA." Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen Sistem Informasi 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31933/jemsi.v1i2.69.
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Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk menganalisis Strategic Management yang dilakukan pada PT YAMAHA. Adapun permasalahan yang dianalisis oleh penulis akan difokuskan pada EFE-IFE Matrix, SWOT Analysis, Competitive Profil Matrix (CPM) dan BCG Matrix. Untuk menentukan strategi utama bisnis di industri otomotif PT YAMAHA selalu merancang strategi pemasaran untuk meningkatkan pembelian konsumen, dapat bersaing dengan pabrikan sepeda motor lainnya dalam hal menjangkau pasar, kualitas hasil produksi, dalam rangka memenuhi kepuasan konsumen. Penulisan ini dilatar belakangi PT YAMAHA adalah sebagai salah satu perusahaan otomotif yang terus berupaya untuk membuat produk berbeda kelas sehingga bisa masuk ke dalam pangsa pasar yang berbeda-beda. Sehingga diperlukannya suatu analisis untuk menentukan strategi utama bisnis yang akurat, yang dapat memusatkan perhatian posisi di bisnis tersebut, mengetahui sasaran atau target yang akan dicapai, bagaimana mencapainya serta tindakan apa yang perlu dilakukan agar dapat memaksimalkan kekuatan dan merebut peluang. Perencanaan bisnis yang baik merupakan alat yang sangat berguna untuk menjalankan bisnis secara efektif dan efisien. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan peluang yang terbesar, Ancaman yang terkecil, Kekuatan yang tertinggi dan kelemahan yang terendah. Dan kesimpulannya berupa Program yang akan dilaksanakan dari alternatif strategi yang telah ditentukan mengacu pada bauran pemasaran jasa (marketing mix) yang merupakan kombinasi variabel atau kegiatan inti dari salah satu sistem pemasaran dalam pengembangan perusahaan, variabel tersebut dapat dikendalikan oleh perusahaan untuk mempengaruhi tanggapan konsumen dalam pasar sasarannya sehingga bisa diimplementasikan sebagai strategi untuk meningkatkan pendapatan PT YAMAHA.
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Kim, Jang Joong, and Byung Woong Kwon. "Marketability and Trend Analysis of Cosmetic Products using BCG Matrix." Korean Society of Culture and Convergence 43, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 817–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.33645/cnc.2021.02.43.2.817.
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Esteves Dejo, Martha Cecilia. "A PROPÓSITO DEL ENFOQUE BCG." Cuadernos de difusión, no. 1 (March 30, 1992): 77–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.46631/jefas.1992.n1.03.
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It raises some of the limitations of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) method, a successful consulting product considered a simple tool that helps to comprehensively understand the decisions a company makes about its future. To this end, the validity of the concepts on which it is based, its goodness as an analysis tool and the applicability of its recommendations are discussed. The three central concepts that support the theoretical framework of the BCG are analyzed: the experience curve, the product life cycle and the portfolio balance, and the main objections to the strategic options derived from it are raised. The general propositions derived from the growth-participation matrix are discussed and two aspects are dealt with in detail: the validity of the strategy recommended by the BCG for "dog" businesses and the limitations that the product life cycle imposes on marketing managers.
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Islakaeva, G. R. "USING THE BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP MATRIX IN DEVELOPING CORPORATE AND GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES." Bulletin USPTU Science education economy Series economy 3, no. 33 (2020): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.17122/2541-8904-2020-3-33-116-122.
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The article substantiates the possibility of using the method of strategic analysis and planning - the matrix of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) - in the system of state and municipal administration. This tool was developed for the corporate sector of the economy with the aim of compiling an optimal portfolio of goods / services by companies to ensure a balanced cash flow in it. The use of the BCG matrix methodology allows us to classify the company's product portfolio into four groups of goods in terms of two parameters: growth rates and occupied market share. The presence of all groups in the company's product portfolio allows us to judge its diversification and optimality. The author discusses the possibility of using the BCG matrix in the system of state and municipal administration. Using the example of the sectoral structure of the regional economy, the article argues that the use of the classification principles laid down in the BCG matrix will make it possible to assess the optimality of the sectoral structure of the region from the point of view of growth prospects and income generation and, on this basis, to develop a strategy for its further development. The most optimal will be the industry portfolio of the region, which is diversified in terms of the presence of companies, divided from the standpoint of their development potential and their market share. The article concludes that depending on how diversified the region's sectoral portfolio is, one can judge its optimality, which, in turn, will make it possible to obtain a qualitative forecast of the prospects for budget revenue growth: if it is not optimal, the region's sectoral portfolio income will grow slowly are likely to be below the acceptable threshold in volume.
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Saputra, Afrizal Dwi Wana, R. Deni Muhammad Danial, and Acep Samsudin. "Analisis Strategi Pemasaran Industri Makanan Ringan Menggunakan Boston Consulting Group Matrix." JIMEK : Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Ekonomi 3, no. 1 (March 13, 2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.30737/jimek.v3i1.710.
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Dunia usaha industri minuman dan makanan pada dekat ini mengalami peningkatan sebesar 7.88% ditahun 2015 dan 8.22% ditahun 2016 dengan semakin tingginya pertumbuhan industri minuman dan makanan persaingan antar perusahaan seperti Mayora Indah Tbk, Indofood CBD, Siantar Top dan Tiga Pilar Sejahtera menjadi lebih kompleks. Setiap perusahaan harus memiliki strategi pemasarannya masing-masing untuk mempertahankan daya saing dengan kompetitor lainnya, oleh karena itu penulis melakukan penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui posisi perusahaan Mayora Indah Tbk berdasarkan Boston Consulting Group Matrix (BCG) sehingga perusahaan dapat merencanakan strategi yang tepat untuk meningkatkan daya saing. Pada penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Dengan matriks BCG, dapat diketahui tingkat pertumbuhan pasar penjualan produk PT. Mayora Indah Tbk sebesar 13.44% yang berarti bahwa PT. Mayora Indah Tbk memiliki pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi. Telah diketahui juga bahwa pangsa pasar relatif PT. Mayora Indah Tbk tahun 2017 sebesar 0,58 kali <1 yang artinya menunjukkan bahwa PT. Mayora Indah Tbk memiliki pangsa pasar lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan Indofood CBP karena nilai pangsa pasar relatif Indofood CBP sebesar 1.71 kali >1. Dan berdasarkan matrik BCG PT. Mayora Indah Tbk 2017, letak posisi titik berada di kuadran Question Mark atau tanda tanya dengan indikasi pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi dan pangsa pasarnya yang rendah. Ini berarti jumlah pertumbuhan penjualan Mayora tinggi dan pangsa pasar rendah. Strategi yang dapat di ambil adalah tetap berinvestasi pada produk atau bisnis unit yang berada dalam kategori Question Marks ini karena pertumbuhan pasar yang tinggi.
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Pavan Kumar, Nathella, Chandrasekaran Padmapriyadarsini, Anuradha Rajamanickam, Shrinivasa B. Marinaik, Arul Nancy, Srinivasan Padmanaban, Nabila Akbar, Manoj Murhekar, and Subash Babu. "Effect of BCG vaccination on proinflammatory responses in elderly individuals." Science Advances 7, no. 32 (August 2021): eabg7181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abg7181.
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We investigated the influence of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination on the unstimulated plasma levels of a wide panel of cytokines, chemokines, acute-phase proteins (APPs), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and growth factors in a group of healthy elderly individuals (age, 60 to 80 years) at baseline (before vaccination) and 1 month after vaccination as part of our clinical study to examine the effect of BCG on COVID-19. Our results demonstrated that BCG vaccination resulted in diminished plasma levels of types 1, 2, and 17 and other proinflammatory cytokines and type 1 interferons. BCG vaccination also resulted in decreased plasma levels of CC, CXC chemokines, APPs, MMPs, and growth factors. Plasma levels of the aforementioned parameters were significantly lower in vaccinated individuals when compared to unvaccinated control individuals. Thus, our study demonstrates the immunomodulatory properties of BCG vaccination and suggests its potential utility in nonspecific vaccination of COVID-19 by down-modulating pathogenic inflammatory responses.
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Suwijati, Ni Made. "The Contribution Analysis of Online and Offline Travel Agent in Increasing Room Occupancy." Jurnal Bali Membangun Bali 2, no. 2 (August 17, 2019): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.51172/jbmb.v2i2.40.
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The research enlightens the contribution of online and offline travel agent in increasing room occupancy at a 5-star hotel located in the southern part of Bali, and determining the most suitable strategy dealing with agent based on the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix. This research aimed at analyzing the contribution of online and offline travel agent in increasing the room occupancy. Data collection techniques used were observations, interviews, documentation and literature studies. The analysis techniques used were descriptive statistics of mean, frequinsing supported by qualitative analysis: (BCG). The results of the research reveal that the contribution of online and offline travel agent for three years has fluctuated. The average contribution of online travel agent in 2016-2018 is 37.73%, while the average contribution of offline travel agent reservation of the period is 52.02%. There are 5 highest reservation contributions sourced from the offline travel agent which included Corona, Maestro, Go Vacation, Jason Travel, and Windys. In addition, there are 5 highest reservation contributions sourced from online travel agents which included Booking.com, Expedia, Agoda, Hotelbeds FIT, and Ctrip.com. Based on BCG matrix to determine the relative market share, it is concluded that the relative market share of the hotel in 2018 is 1.02 times > 1 which means that the hotel has the highest market share among the hotel used as comparison in this reserach. In addition, based on the position of the hotelin BCG matrix in 2018 is at star position which indicates that the hotel’s position is on high growth and high market share, it is because the market share of the hotel has a relative market share value over than one (>1).
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Elkington, Paul T. G., Robert K. Nuttall, Joseph J. Boyle, Cecilia M. O'Kane, Donna E. Horncastle, Dylan R. Edwards, and Jon S. Friedland. "Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but Not Vaccine BCG, Specifically Upregulates Matrix Metalloproteinase-1." American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 172, no. 12 (December 15, 2005): 1596–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200505-753oc.
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Clark, Simon, Martin L. Cross, Allan Nadian, Julia Vipond, Pinar Court, Ann Williams, R. Glyn Hewinson, Frank E. Aldwell, and Mark A. Chambers. "Oral Vaccination of Guinea Pigs with a Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccine in a Lipid Matrix Protects against Aerosol Infection with Virulent M. bovis." Infection and Immunity 76, no. 8 (June 2, 2008): 3771–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00052-08.
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ABSTRACT Increased incidence of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in the United Kingdom caused by infection with Mycobacterium bovis is a cause of considerable economic loss to farmers and the government. The Eurasian badger (Meles meles) represents a wildlife source of recurrent M. bovis infections of cattle in the United Kingdom, and its vaccination against TB with M. bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is an attractive disease control option. Delivery of BCG in oral bait holds the best prospect for vaccinating badgers over a wide geographical area. Using a guinea pig pulmonary challenge model, we evaluated the protective efficacy of candidate badger oral vaccines, based on broth-grown or ball-milled BCG, delivered either as aqueous suspensions or formulated in two lipids with differing fatty acid profiles (one being animal derived and the other being vegetable derived). Protection was determined in terms of increasing body weight after aerosol challenge with virulent M. bovis, reduced dissemination of M. bovis to the spleen, and, in the case of one oral formulation, restricted growth of M. bovis in the lungs. Only oral BCG formulated in lipid gave significant protection. These data point to the potential of the BCG-lipid formulation for further development as a tool for controlling tuberculosis in badgers.
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Bunimovich-Mendrazitsky, Svetlana, and Leonid Shaikhet. "Stability Analysis of Delayed Tumor-Antigen-ActivatedImmune Response in Combined BCG and IL-2Immunotherapy of Bladder Cancer." Processes 8, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8121564.
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We use a system biology approach to translate the interaction of Bacillus Calmette-Gurin (BCG) + interleukin 2 (IL-2) for the treatment of bladder cancer into a mathematical model. The main goal of this research is to predict the outcome of BCG + IL-2 treatment combinations. We examined whether the delay effect caused by the proliferation of tumor antigen-specific effector cells after the immune system destroys BCG-infected urothelium cells after BCG and IL-2 immunotherapy influences success in bladder cancer treatment. To do this, we introduce a system of differential equations where the variables are the main participants in the immune response after BCG installations to fight cancer: the number of tumor cells, BCG cells, immune cells, and cytokines involved in the tumor-immune response. The relevant parameters describing the dynamics of the system are taken from a variety of biological, clinical literature and estimated using the mathematical models. We examine the local stability analysis of non-negative equilibrium states of the model. In theory, treatment could improve system stability, and we analyze the stability of all equilibria using the method of Lyapunov functionals construction and the method of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Our results prove that the period for the proliferation of tumor antigen-specific effector cells does not influence to the success of the non-responsive patients after an intensified combined BCG + IL-2 treatment.
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Im, Ju-Bin, and Sang-Hyeon Park. "Naver profitability attractiveness analysis focuses on BCG matrix and development direction using 7S." Innovation Enterprise Research 6, no. 3 (December 31, 2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37297/ier.2021.12.6.3.53.
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Santos, Aguinaldo dos, and Naotake Fukushima. "SUSTAINABLE PRODUCT SERVICE SYSTEMS DESIGN: TOOLS FOR STRATEGICS ANALYSIS." MIX Sustentável 3, no. 4 (December 18, 2017): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.29183/2447-3073.mix2017.v3.n4.149-156.
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The present paper discusses the tools for phase of Strategic Analysis for the process of Sustainable Product-Service System Design. It explores the cumulative experience obtained at the Design & Sustainability Research Center of UFPR, on case studies developed with companies on the period between 2006 to 2016. When compared with the MSDS Method the case studies presented a stronger emphasis on tools derived from administration (ex: Ansoff matrix, BCG matrix, Canvas, SWOT chart, Slack matrix, Polarity Diagram) and, very importantly, from the service design community (ex: bluepring, customer journey, touchpoint matrix).
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Mukundan, Shilpaa, Rachana Bhatt, John Lucas, Matthew Tereyek, Theresa L. Chang, Selvakumar Subbian, and Biju Parekkadan. "3D host cell and pathogen-based bioassay development for testing anti-tuberculosis (TB) drug response and modeling immunodeficiency." Biomolecular Concepts 12, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 117–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2021-0013.
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Abstract Tuberculosis (TB) is a global health threat that affects 10 million people worldwide. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains one of the major contributors to the reactivation of asymptomatic latent tuberculosis (LTBI). Over the recent years, there has been a significant focus in developing in-vitro 3D models mimicking early events of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) pathogenesis, especially formation of the granuloma. However, these models are low throughput and require extracellular matrix. In this article, we report the generation of a matrix-free 3D model, using THP-1 human monocyte/macrophage cells and mCherry-expressing Mycobacterium bovis BCG (Bacilli Camille Guérin), henceforth referred as 3D spheroids, to study the host cell-bacterial interactions. Using mCherry-intensity-based tracking, we monitored the kinetics of BCG growth in the 3D spheroids. We also demonstrate the application of the 3D spheroids for testing anti-TB compounds such as isoniazid (INH), rifampicin (RIF), as well as a host-directed drug, everolimus (EVR) as single and combinational treatments. We further established a dual infection 3D spheroid model by coinfecting THP-1 macrophages with BCG mCherry and pseudotype HIV. In this HIV-TB co-infection model, we found an increase in BCG mCherry growth within the 3D spheroids infected with HIV pseudotype. The degree of disruption of the granuloma was proportional to the virus titers used for co-infection. In summary, this 3D spheroid assay is an useful tool to screen anti-TB response of potential candidate drugs and can be adopted to model HIV-TB interactions.
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Deliabilda, Siti Awaliyati, Muhammad Guntur, Roby Lasut, and Hamzah Putra. "Formulasi Strategi Bersaing Prodi Magister Manajemen Universitas Pelita Bangsa Menggunakan Analisis SWOT & Matriks BCG." MASTER: Jurnal Manajemen Strategik Kewirausahaan 1, no. 2 (August 22, 2021): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.37366/master.v1i2.227.
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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui posisi strategi, tingkat pertumbuhan pasar, dan pangsa pasar Prodi Magister Manajemen Universitas Pelita Bangsa. Alat analisis strategi yang digunakan adalah analisis SWOT dan BCG. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan metode wawancara kepada pimpinan terkait di lingkungan Universitas Pelita Bangsa. Hasil analisis SWOT menunjukkan bahwa Program Studi berada di kuadran agresif dan hasil matriks BCG berada di kuadran sapi perah. Strategi yang sesuai berdasarkan kedua hasil analisis tersebut adalah penetrasi pasar dan pengembangan pasar. Penetrasi pasar dilakukan dengan cara memperkuat posisi sebagai Program Studi berkualitas dengan biaya terjangkau dan peningkatan kegiatan promosi yang menonjolkan kelebihan Program Studi. Pengembangan pasar dengan cara memperluas target melalui website secara konsisten, informatif, dan userfriendly.
The aim of this study was to determine the strategic position, market growth rate, and market share of the Master of Management Study Program Universitas Pelita Bangsa. Strategic analysis tools used are SWOT analysis and BCG matrix. Data was collected by interview method to relevant leaders in Universitas Pelita Bangsa. SWOT analysis result show that the Study Program is in aggressive quadrant and BCG matrix result show the Study Program is in cash cow quadrant. The appropriate strategies based on both analysis result are market penetration and market development. Market penetration is carried out by strengthening its position as a Prodi with good quality and affordable costs and increasing promotional activities by highlighting the strengthening of the Study Program. Market development is expanding the target and managing the website consistently, informatively, and user-friendly.
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Smith, Malcolm. "Derrick's Ice–Cream Company: applying the BCG matrix in customer profitability analysis." Accounting Education 11, no. 4 (December 2002): 365–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0963928021000031457.
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Buditiawan, Kristian. "Strategi Pemasaran Pariwisata Pantai Plengkung Kabupaten Banyuwangi Menggunakan 3P+4A (Price, Place, Promotion, Attraction, Accessibility, Amenity, Ancillary)." Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan 16, no. 2 (October 25, 2021): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47441/jkp.v16i2.201.
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Plengkung Beach is one of the beaches in the Diamond Triangle line in Banyuwangi Regency. Plengkung Beach is dubbed “The Seven Giant Waves Wonder” by tourists. However, the potential development of Plengkung Beach has not been optimal because there are several problems such as the lack of media of promotions, limited modes of transportation, and visitor activities that tend to environmental pollutions. This study aims to formulate a marketing strategy for Plengkung Beach tourism based on the marketing aspects of 3P+4A (price, place, promotion, attraction, accessibility, amenity, and ancillary. This research is a descriptive qualitative study. The data were collected by survey and interviews with local government who were in charge of regional planning and tourism development as well as tourists who were selected randomly. The analysis method uses the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) matrix. The results of the BCG matrix analysis place Plengkung Beach in the Question Mark quadrant, that where tourism marketing (on the supply side) is well-executed, but not so with the tourist perceptions. Tourism marketing plans for improving visitors of Plengkung Beach were repairing the road, adding tourist attractions, providing tourism supporting facilities and infrastructure such as hotels and restaurants, and reducing transportation rental costs.
Abstrak
Pantai Plengkung adalah salah satu destinasi pariwisata di Kabupaten Banyuwangi yang termasuk dalam Triangle Diamond (Segitiga Berlian). Daya tarik utama Pantai Plengkung adalah ombaknya yang termasuk dalam The Seven Giant Wave Wonder karena bagus untuk olahraga selancar. Meski demikian, pengembangan potensi Pantai Plengkung belum maksimal karena terdapat beberapa permasalahan seperti minimnya media dan sarana promosi, keterbatasan moda transportasi, dan aktivitas pengunjung yang cenderung merusak alam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi pemasaran pariwisata Pantai Plengkung berdasarkan aspek-aspek pemasaran jasa pariwisata 3P+4A. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif Data dikumpulkan melalui survei dan wawancara kepada instansi pemerintah terkait perencanaan pembangunan dan sektor pariwisata, dan wisatawan Pantai Plekung yang dipilih secara acak. Metode analisis menggunakan matrik Boston Consulting Group (BCG). Hasil analisis matrik BCG menempatkan Pantai Plengkung pada kuadran Tanda Tanya, artinya pemasaran pariwisata (sisi penawaran) sudah bagus dan menyeluruh tetapi belum sesuai dengan persepsi wisatawan. Upaya meningkatkan kunjungan wisatawan dengan menerapkan strategi pemasaran pariwisata di Pantai Plengkung, yaitu dengan cara memperbaiki aksesibilitas jalan, penambahan daya tarik wisata, dan penyediaan sarana dan prasarana penunjang pariwisata seperti hotel dan restoran serta pengurangan biaya sewa kendaraan melalui sistem subsidi.
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Mo, Soo-Won, Jeong-Hwan Park, and Kwang-Bae Lee. "Decomposition of ICT Industry’s Sectoral Growth of Workers Using BCG Matrix and Shift-Share Model." E-Business Studies 19, no. 4 (August 31, 2018): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.20462/tebs.2018.8.19.4.19.
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Gosal, Roberta Ribka Pingkan, and Haris Maupa. "Strategi Bersaing Produk BNI Taplus Bisnis dengan Pendekatan BCG Matrix pada Bank BNI KC Harmoni." Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis dan Kewirausahaan 6, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmbk.v6i1.16354.
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This research was conducted to determine the competitive strategy of the “BNI Taplus Bisnis” product issued by the Indonesian State Bank (BNI) by employing the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix. This research was done by interviewing the Head of Main Branch Marketing, Supervisor Marketing, Marketing Staff, Head of Support Branch. Equipped by the questionnaire for the representative of each division. The results of the IFE and EFE matrices showed that the total value for IFE is 2.07, while the total value for EFE is 2.12. The SWOT Matching Stage consists of several possible strategies obtained by using the strengths you have to take advantage of opportunities, take advantage of opportunities to overcome weaknesses, use your strengths to avoid threats, and minimize weaknesses to avoid threats. In the Internal-External (IE) matrix, it is known that BNI Taplus Bisnis is in the position of Cell V, the most suitable strategies for this position are market penetration strategy and product development strategy. While the results of the analysis using the BCG Matrix are obtained from the position of BNI Taplus Bisnis being in the Dog's Position, so that strategies can be carried out by reducing production costs or marketing costs of this BNI Taplus Bisnis product. This is to determine the existence of these products. If it is not supported to be maintained, the strategy to get rid of the existing product can be done. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan strategi bersaing produk BNI Taplus Bisnis dengan pendekatan BCG Matrix pada Bank BNI KC Harmoni. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara melakukan wawancara dengan pemimpin bidang Pemasaran, penyelia Pemasaran, staf Pemasaran, dan pimpinan KCP. Pengumpulan data dilengkapi dengan kuesioner bagi perwakilan masing-masing bagian dalam lingkup BNI KC Harmoni. Hasil analisis matriks IFE dan EFE diperoleh total nilai untuk IFE adalah sebesar 2,07 sedangkan total nilai untuk EFE adalah sebesar 2,12. Dengan menggunakan Matching stage SWOT analysis diperoleh hasil bahwa agar Bank BNI perlu menggunakan kekuatan yang dimiliki dengan memanfaatkan peluang untuk mengatasi kelemahan, menggunakan kekuatan yang dimiliki untuk menghindari ancaman dan meminimalisasikan kelemahan untuk menghindari ancaman. Pada matriks Internal Eksternal (IE) diketahui bahwa BNI Taplus Bisnis berada pada posisi Sel V, strategi yang paling cocok pada posisi ini adalah strategi penetrasi pasar dan strategi pengembangan produk. Sedangkan hasil analisis menggunakan BCG Matrix diperoleh bahwa posisi BNI Taplus Bisnis berada pada Posisi Anjing (Dog). Ini menunjukkan strategi yang dapat dilakukan yakni dengan cara mengurangi biaya produksi, ataupun biaya pemasaran dari Produk BNI Taplus Bisnis ini. Strategi ini penting untuk mempertahankan keberadaan produk tersebut. Namun jika sudah tidak memungkinkan untuk dipertahankan, strategi membuang produk yang ada dapat dilakukan.
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Naibaho, Jontinus, I. Gusti Putu Bagus Sasrawan Mananda, and Putu Agus Wikanatha Sagita. "STRATEGI PEMASARAN TAKSI BANDARA NGURAH RAI DENGAN METODE BGC (BOSTON CONSULTING GROUP)." Jurnal IPTA 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ipta.2019.v07.i02.p05.
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The purpose of this research is to find out the right marketing strategies and competitiveness by identifying and analyzing the internal and external environment that affect the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative. In this study using marketing strategy analysis, namely BCG/Boston Consulting Group Matrix and SWOT (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) analysis. BCG matrix to determine the level of market growth and relative market share. SWOT analysis to analyze strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats, then using segmenting, targeting, positioning/STP and 7P (marketing mix) results of the data obtained and then analyzed with IFAS and EFAS. The types of data used in this study are qualitative and quantitative data, primary and secondary data. Determination of samples in this study using purposive sampling method as many as 50 respondents. Data collection techniques by observation, questionnaires, structured interviews, and literature study. The results of the BCG matrix research, based on the calculation of the market growth rate is 1.35% and the result of the calculation of the relative market share is 1.45 x> 1 so that it is in the position of Cash Cow. The marketing strategy that can be carried out by the Ngurah Rai Airport Taxi Cooperative is to maintain the market, create new products, find new businesses. The strategy offered in the Cash Cow quadrant the company must always keep the company in a stable condition. The results of the SWOT analysis study from IFAS assessment were 2.66 and EFAS was 2.28. Then the position of the SWOT diagram is Growth Stability which is the company must determine efforts to strengthen market share, increase sales, pursue large profits by diversifying/expanding the market.
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Liashenko, Viacheslav, and Іryna Pеtrova. "BCG-analysis of the Industry of the Prydneprovsk and Donetsk Economic Regions: Definition of Smart Priorities and Development Strategies." Herald of the Economic Sciences of Ukraine, no. 1(40) (2021): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37405/1729-7206.2021.1(40).35-46.
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The article defines the smart priorities of the industry ofthe Prydneprovsk and Donetsk economic regions and the optimal strategies for the redistribution of financial flows between various types of economic activity. It was revealed that the BCG matrix allows you to determine a strategic position for each type of economic activity of the industry and, based on the analysis of this position, choose a strategy for its development. A modified BCG matrix is proposed, which is designed to study the smart priorities of the industry of the Prydneprovsk and Donetsk economic regions. Four strategic zones of the BCG matrix are highlighted – «Strategic Leaders», «Current Leaders», «Prospective Leaders» and «Depressive Sectors», which allows you to choose a suitable strategy for the further development of industries. Determined that for the «Strategic Leaders» the strategy of maintaining leadership is applied; «Current Leaders» – a strategy of maximizing profits directed to the development of new products of «Promising Leaders» and maintaining the products of the «Strategic Leaders» industries; «Prospective Leaders» – an investment or selective development strategy; «Depressive sectors» – a target strategy for depressed sectors or the elimination of depressed sectors / exit from the market. It was determined that the Prydneprovsk and Donetsk economic regions should focus on such smart priorities as «Strategic leaders» and «Prospective leaders». A «regime of international public-private partnership» is proposed to attract investments in the regional economies, which combines a system of incentives and benefits, mandatory conditions and restrictions to maintain a balance of interests of international donors, the state and business. An algorithm for introducing a regulatory regime for international public-private partnership is presented.
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Marshall, Paul, and Cyril Tomkins. "Incorporating disounted cash flow contours onto a bcg portfolio matrix using limit pricing." Managerial and Decision Economics 9, no. 2 (June 1988): 119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mde.4090090206.
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Kim, L. B., V. A. Shkurupy, and A. N. Putyatina. "Correlations between Extracellular Matrix Components in Mouse Lungs during Chronic BCG-Induced Granulomatosis." Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine 165, no. 3 (July 2018): 302–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10517-018-4155-1.
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FROMMER, ANDREAS, BERTOLD NÖCKEL, STEPHAN GÜSKEN, THOMAS LIPPERT, and KLAUS SCHILLING. "MANY MASSES ON ONE STROKE: ECONOMIC COMPUTATION OF QUARK PROPAGATORS." International Journal of Modern Physics C 06, no. 05 (October 1995): 627–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183195000538.
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The computational effort in the calculation of Wilson fermion quark propagators in Lattice Quantum Chromodynamics can be considerably reduced by exploiting the Wilson fermion matrix structure in inversion algorithms based on the non-symmetric Lanczos process. We consider two such methods: QMR (quasi minimal residual) and BCG (biconjugate gradients). Based on the decomposition M/κ = 1/κ−D of the Wilson mass matrix, using QMR, one can carry out inversions on a whole trajectory of masses simultaneously, merely at the computational expense of a single propagator computation. In other words, one has to compute the propagator corresponding to the lightest mass only, while all the heavier masses are given for free, at the price of extra storage. Moreover, the symmetry γ5M = M†γ5 can be used to cut the computational effort in QMR and BCG by a factor of two. We show that both methods then become — in the critical regime of small quark masses — competitive to BiCGStab and significantly better than the standard MR method, with optimal relaxation factor, and CG as applied to the normal equations.
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Chen, Yi-Chieh, Lin-Huan Hu, Wan Chen Lu, Jei-Zheng Wu, and Jiun-Jen Yang. "Multiple Criteria Decision-Making for Developing an International Game Participation Strategy: A Novel Application of the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) Two-Stage Efficiency Process." Mathematics 9, no. 14 (July 20, 2021): 1700. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math9141700.
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Background: This study aims to develop an efficient future game participation strategy for teenaged athletes based on an analysis of the 2019 International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) World Tour game expenditure efficiency and prize-winning efficiency. Methods: In this research, Chinese Taipei (TPE) players served as the main research subjects. The input and output categories were determined through a literature analysis. A two-stage efficiency process of data envelopment analysis (DEA) and Boston consulting group (BCG) matrix were applied in this study to facilitate the calculation. Results: Based on a slack variable analysis, local travel expenses are the key elements impacting efficiency. The game recommendation order was based on a BCG matrix. The top seven recommended games were the Japan Open, Czech Open, Australian Open, Bulgarian Open, Austrian Open, China Open, and German Open. Conclusion: The results of this current study provide efficient game participation recommendations for teenaged athletes. Long-term follow-up records of game participation information should be developed to provide teenaged athletes with a precise efficiency analysis.
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Choi, Sin-Cheol, Soo-Won Mo, Jeong-Hwan Park, and Kwang-Bae Lee. "Analysis of Export Growth of Utilizing Constant Market Share Model and BCG Matrix: Electrical Machinery and Equipment." E-Business Studies 21, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 173–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20462/tebs.2020.06.21.3.173.
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Tjoe, Tjia Fie, and Haryadi Sarjono. "Strategi Bisnis pada PT CTL Dengan Pendekatan Metode Tows." Binus Business Review 1, no. 2 (November 30, 2010): 434. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/bbr.v1i2.1092.
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The purpose of this research is determining direction of the correct business strategy to be applied by PT CTL, a garment company producing cloth for men. Research method used by the author is descriptive analysis with a case study research method. Research is conducted by collecting data obtained through survey by interview and giving questionnaire to all staff and head and also observation by evaluating directly the research object and also through literature study. Data analysis is conducted through input phase by using IFAS and EFAS matrix, adaptation phase with TOWS diagram, TOWS matrix and Internal-External matrix, and also uses SPACE matrix and also BCG matrix to analyse company's finance situation. Based on the conducted analysist the recommended corporation level strategy to be used by the company is diversification strategy direct to growth and stability.
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Tebekin, A. V. "ANALYSIS OF THE PROSPECTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE ENERGY STRATEGY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN TERMS OF THE TRANSPORTATION OF ENERGY RESOURCES." Business Strategies, no. 3 (April 16, 2019): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17747/2311-7184-2019-3-11-21.
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The current problems and prospects of development of the world market of energy resources are considered. On the basis of the «Energy Strategy of Russia for the period up to 2030», the prospects for its implementation were analyzed in terms of energy resources transportation: from the standpoint of the traditional SWOT analysis (with emphasis on external market opportunities, external threats, internal strengths and internal weaknesses that hinder the increase in energy efficiency during their transportation); from the standpoint of the BCG matrix, from the standpoint of the McKinsey DPM matrix model, from the standpoint of the supply strategy (procurement) model for the P. Kralich matrix (with emphasis on strategic, basic, non-critical and problematic energy resources being transported).
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Permata, Ekie Gilang, Muhammad Rizki, Petir Papilo, Silvia Silvia, and Azzahra Mahabbah Zain. "Analisa Strategi Pemasaran Dengan Metode BCG (Boston Consulting Group) dan Swot." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi dan Industri 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/sitekin.v17i2.12329.
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Lillah Hijab adalah sebuah industri rumahan yang memproduksi berbagai produk fashion seperti produk hijab. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis strategi pemasaran Lillah Hijab dengan menggunakan metode BCG Matrix dan Analisis SWOT. Hasil dari penelitian ini menggunakan matriks BCG dengan menghitung tingkat pertumbuhan pasar bahwa Lillah Hijab terletak pada posisi Question Mark sebesar 14,2 % dan pada perhitungan pangsa pasar relatif bahwa posisi Lillah hijab menghadapi pangsa pasar yang rendah dan terjadi kondisi pertumbuhan yang tinggi dengan nilai sebesar 0,85. Hasil dari analisis SWOT terdapat beberapa bagian yaitu Faktor Internal, Faktor Eksternal, Matrik IE, dan strategi pemasaran yang efektif dalam meningkatkan penjualan Lillah Hijab. Strategi Perusahaan yang Efektif dalam Meningkatkan Penjualan Lillah Hijab adalah dengan Strategi S-O (Strengths-Opportunitties) melakukan kerjasama yang baik kepada karyawan dan distributor, melakukan potongan harga disetiap hari spesial, mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kualitas pada produk. Strategi S-T (Strengths-Opportunitties) menetapkan harga sesuai dengan perubahan harga bahan baku, tetap memperhatikan kebutuhan pelanggan tanpa merugikan perusahaan, dan menambah beberapa jenis produk yang baru dengan memperhatikan kualitas agar dapat bersaing dengan produk yang tidak sejenis maupun yang sejenis. Strategi W-O (Weaknesses-Opportunities) menambah modal dengan melakukan kerjasama investor atau melakukan peminjaman kepada bank, melakukan kerjasama dengan agen-agen gunanya untuk memperluas area pemasaran, membuka toko sendiri di perkotaan, serta memperluas pangsa pasar dengan mengikuti strategi penjualan online, yang dan melakukan pengembangan produk agar menarik pelanggan. Strategi W-T (Weaknesses-Threaths) mengumpulkan informasi dalam pengembangan dan pemasaran produk dan melakukan kerjasama yang baik dengan penyedia bahan baku dan investor agar dapat meningkatkan kapasitas produksi.
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Septiani, Maya Arieska Dinda, Lisa Sulistyawati, and Lisa Sulistyawati. "Strategi Pengembangan Bisnis Dengan Metode Product Life Cycle (PLC) dan Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matriks." Reslaj : Religion Education Social Laa Roiba Journal 4, no. 6 (April 10, 2022): 1575–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.47467/reslaj.v4i6.1171.
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Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (UMKM) are an important sector because UMKM are activities carried out by the government to help the economy of people who want to open small businesses in the traditional and modern sectors. Batik Very Jelita Batam is one of the many batik cloth entrepreneurs in Batam City and is currently facing tough business competition. Therefore, Batik Very Jelita Batam needs to know the stages and position of its current business in order to get a new business strategy and increase sales by using the Product Life Cycle (PLC) and Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix methods so as to produce improvements to the business strategy that has been implemented in order to reach the right stage and position of the business. he method used in this research is descriptive which aims to analyze, understand, and explain the data obtained by the researcher into descriptive conclusions. Data collection techniques were carried out through observation and documentation. The types and sources of this research data are secondary data, where data sources that do not directly provide data results to researchers or data collectors, for example through literature studies or documentation that has been processed by the company. The results of the study show that the Product Life Cycle (PLC) curve shows that the business is in a growth stage, namely the stage where the product introduced is already known and acceptable to consumers. Meanwhile, on the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix curve, it is in a question mark position, namely a relatively low market share position, but competitive and a fast-growing industry, at this stage the cash needs are high and cash income is low. From the results of calculations and curves using this method, improvement of business strategy becomes input for the owner and management of Batik Very Jelita Batam.
Keywords: Batik Very Jelita Batam, Product Life Cycle (PLV), Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix, Batik Business
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Rzheussky, S. E., and P. S. Varabei. "VASODILATORS FOR THE TREATMENT OF CARDIAC DISEASES (С01D) ON THE PHARMACEUTICAL MARKET OF THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS." Vestnik Farmacii 92, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52540/2074-9457.2021.2.33.
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The article studies the domestic market of vasodilators for cardiac diseases in Belarus by analyzing and comparing secondary marketing information. The structure of the market depending on the manufacturing country was studied. It was established that medicines containing isosorbide mononitrate/dinitrate have the greatest number of indications to use and the least number of side effects. The dynamics of changing the sales of medicines in the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases for the period 2010-2018 is presented. The market attractiveness of medicines of the vasodilators group for cardiac diseases was studied using the matrix of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG matrix).
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Cross, Martin L., Matthew R. Lambeth, and Frank E. Aldwell. "An Oral Mycobacterium bovis BCG Vaccine for Wildlife Produced in the Absence of Animal-Derived Reagents." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 16, no. 9 (July 1, 2009): 1378–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00198-09.
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ABSTRACT Cultures of Mycobacterium bovis BCG, comprising predominantly single-cell bacilli, were prepared in broth without animal-derived reagents. When formulated into a vegetable-derived lipid matrix, the vaccine was stable in vitro and was immunogenic in vivo upon feeding it to mice. This formulation could be useful for oral vaccination of wildlife against tuberculosis, where concern over transmissible prions may preclude the field use of vaccines containing animal products.
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Kruhlova, O. A., and T. B. Ketova. "Evaluating the Prospects for the Development of Own Trademarks of Trade Enterprises." Business Inform 1, no. 516 (2021): 190–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-1-190-198.
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The article presents the results of the research on determining the prospects for the introduction and development of own trademarks (OTM) of the trade enterprise. The strategies of own trademarks of the trade enterprise are provided. The peculiarities of formation and implementation of dumping strategies, replacement of a competitor, brand expansion are specified. To determine the prospects for the introduction and development of own trademarks of the trade enterprise, a methodical approach is substantiated, which is formed using matrix methods, scorecard methods, and additive convolution. The developed methodical approach provides for the implementation of interrelated stages of evaluation of competitive positions of activity in relation to own trademarks compared to other types of current activities, favorable external environment and readiness of the trade enterprise for the implementation of this type of activity. To evaluate the competitive positions of the OTM-related activities in comparison with other types of current activities, the use of the Dibb –Symkin matrix and the modified BCG matrix is proposed; to assess the favorability of the external environment – PEST analysis; to assess the readiness of the trade enterprise for the introduction and development of its own trademarks – the method of scorecard according to the characteristics of organizational, technological and resource aspects of the trade enterprise’s activities regarding OTM. In order to ensure the validity of managerial decisions on optimizing the portfolio of own trademarks, a scientific-methodical approach to the ranking of assortment groups of goods that are part of own trademark is developed. The methodical basis of the developed approach is matrix methods (Dibb–Symkin matrix, modified BCG matrix), coefficient method, expert estimation method and additive convolution. The sequence of determining the competitiveness of the assortment of goods is presented, which involves grouping the assortment according to the indicators of quality, price, latitude of the assortment of goods compared to the range of products on the part of the trademark of competing enterprises and manufacturers.
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Silva-Jarquin, Juan Carlos, Sergio Iván Román-Ponce, Marina Durán-Aguilar, Héctor Raymundo Vera-Ávila, Víctor Hugo Cambrón-Sandoval, and Héctor Mario Andrade-Montemayor. "Morphostructural Characterization of the Black Creole Goat Raised in Central Mexico, a Currently Threatened Zoogenetic Resource." Animals 9, no. 7 (July 19, 2019): 459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani9070459.
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In order to evaluate the morphostructural variability of the Black Creole goat (BCG), the present study was carried out in a population of 226 animals from eight localities and 14 morphometric variables were taken. Descriptive statistics for the variables were obtained and 10 of these presented variation coefficients of less than 10%. The degree of harmony in the morphology of the population was determined by the number of positive correlations with significant differences (p < 0.05), including a correlation test using Spearman’s method. In order to reduce the matrix of variables, a principal components analysis was performed, and it was evaluated based on Kaiser’s criteria (eigenvalue > 1). Finally, a hierarchical analysis of conglomerates using Ward’s method was performed using the Euclidean distance to evaluate the distances among localities. Morphometric variables were also included to visualize the relationship among the localities and their average per variable. The results showed that the animals evaluated presented a certain degree of homogeneity and maintained a highly harmonic model. The BCG population showed a high aptitude for milk production, which confirmed the zootechnical purpose of the breed. The BCG populations evaluated maintain similar morphostructural profiles specific to them that can distinguish this population from other animal breeds.
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Srivastava, Priyanka, Ruchika Gangwar, Rakesh Kapoor, and Rama D. Mittal. "Bladder Cancer Risk Associated with Genotypic Polymorphism of the Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and 7 in North Indian Population." Disease Markers 29, no. 1 (2010): 37–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/149651.
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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to tumor invasion and microenvironment, hence are associated with bladder cancer risk. We therefore, tested whether polymorphisms in MMP genes modify the risk of bladder cancer (BC) and whether smoke exposure modifies this risk.Genotyping was performed in 200 BC patients and 200 controls by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).MMP1-1607 2G/2G andMMP7-181 GG genotype were associated with increased risk of BC (p<0.001; OR, 3.04; 95% CI1.71–5.39 and p, 0.005; OR, 2.38; 95% CI1.30–4.34) respectively. Smokers in BC patients showed significant increased risk for the same SNPs (p, 0.006; OR, 3.20; 95% CI1.40–7.31 and p, 0.009; OR, 2.85; 95% CI1.30–6.23 respectively). Haplotype analysis too revealed significant association with G/2G ofMMP1-519-1607 (p< 0.001; OR, 2.62; 95% CI1.68–4.09). The 2G allele carrier (1G/2G + 2G/2G) ofMMP1-1607 showed a protective effect and high recurrence free survival in Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) treated non muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) patients (log rank p, 0.030). Our datasuggested that MMP11607 2G and MMP7181 G allele were associated with high risk of BC, which was quite evident amongst smokers too. BCG treated NMIBC patients reflected protective effect for 2G allele carrier (1G/2G+2G/2G) ofMMP1-1607. This study provided new support for the association of MMP1-1607 and MMP7-181 in bladder cancer development, the tumorigenic effect of which was observed to be more enhanced in case of tobacco exposure.
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Fujita, Yukiko, Takashi Naka, Michael R. McNeil, and Ikuya Yano. "Intact molecular characterization of cord factor (trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate) from nine species of mycobacteria by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry." Microbiology 151, no. 10 (October 1, 2005): 3403–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.28158-0.
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Cord factor (trehalose 6,6′-dimycolate, TDM) is an unique glycolipid with a trehalose and two molecules of mycolic acids in the mycobacterial cell envelope. Since TDM consists of two molecules of very long branched-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids, the molecular mass ranges widely and in a complex manner. To characterize the molecular structure of TDM precisely and simply, an attempt was made to determine the mycolic acid subclasses of TDM and the molecular species composition of intact TDM by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry for the first time. The results showed that less than 1 μg mycolic acid methyl ester of TDM from nine representative species of mycobacteria and TDM from the same species was sufficient to obtain well-resolved mass spectra composed of pseudomolecular ions [M+Na]+. Although the mass ion distribution was extremely diverse, the molecular species of each TDM was identified clearly by constructing a molecular ion matrix consisting of the combination of two molecules of mycolic acids. The results showed a marked difference in the molecular structure of TDM among mycobacterial species and subspecies. TDM from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv and Aoyama B) showed a distinctive mass pattern and consisted of over 60 molecular ions with α-, methoxy- and ketomycolate. TDM from Mycobacterium bovis BCG Tokyo 172 similarly showed over 35 molecular ions, but that from M. bovis BCG Connaught showed simpler molecular ion clusters consisting of less than 35 molecular species due to a complete lack of methoxymycolate. Mass ions due to TDM from M. bovis BCG Connaught and Mycobacterium kansasii showed a biphasic distribution, but the two major peaks of TDM from M. kansasii were shifted up two or three carbon units higher compared with M. bovis BCG Connaught. Within the rapid grower group, in TDM consisting of α-, keto- and wax ester mycolate from Mycobacterium phlei and Mycobacterium flavescens, the mass ion distribution due to polar mycolates was shifted lower than that from the Mycobacterium avium–intracellulare group. Since the physico-chemical properties and antigenic structure of mycolic acid of TDM affect the host immune responses profoundly, the molecular characterization of TDM by MALDI-TOF mass analysis may give very useful information on the relationship of glycolipid structure to its biological activity.
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Maha, K. A., M. F. Cahyandito, and D. Purnomo. "Mapping of business potentials of Maha orange plantation using the Business Model Canvas and BCG matrix." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 443 (March 26, 2020): 012045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/443/1/012045.
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Drews, Hanno. "Abschied vom Marktwachstums-Marktanteils-Portfolio nach über 35 Jahren Einsatz? Eine kritische Überprüfung der BCG-Matrix." Zeitschrift für Planung & Unternehmenssteuerung 19, no. 1 (March 4, 2008): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00187-008-0041-8.
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Inderadi, Regina, Larasati Adiannisa, and Nugroho J. Setiadi. "The Business Strategy Analysis of a Forwarding Company in Indonesia." Winners 19, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/tw.v19i1.4584.
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The aims of this research were to identify key internal and external success factors within the forwarding industry and the organization, and to analyze competitive positioning of a forwarding business in Indonesia in order to obtain its optimal business strategy. Research method applied was qualitative approachusing case study. Respondents consist of 20 managers at Jakarta. Data collection was conducted in October 2017 at Jakarta using questionnaire distribution. The first stage of data analysis mapped company's strengths and weaknesses into Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) matrix, mapped market opportunities and threats into External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrix, and mapped competition into Competitive Profile Matrix (CPM) with the application of Expert Choice Software. The results of the external and internal audit were used to generate alternative strategies by applying a Business Competitive Position Matrix, Grand Matrix Strategy, and BCG Matrix. Three alternative strategies were selected from matrices conducted prior to Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix (QSPM), namely adding the new sub-business unit to serve delivery service for small-sized goods (product development), conduct IT innovation to open opportunities in entering E-Commerce business (market development), and liquidation. The outcome is a product development strategy, which is indicating that the best strategic decision for the future sustainability in the business competition is to add new sub-business unit in small-sized goods delivery.
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Chládková, Helena. "Success factors of agricultural company." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 61, no. 4 (2013): 935–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201361040935.
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This paper focuses on developing a proposal to eliminate weaknesses in medium-sized farm and thus improving its market position. To determine the position of company’s products due to the competition, a BCG Matrix (Boston Consulting Group Matrix) was used. Financial Ratio Analysis was used to identify company’s financial situation. With the help of the situational analysis of the company’s internal environment, success factors, strengths and weaknesses were defined. Further the proposals were designed to remove the selected weaknesses. In the farm was identified the following strengths: quality of managers, long-term and stable customer-supplier relationships, selling commodities at optimum moisture content and purity, the use of subsidies and high milk yield cows. A weakness was mainly breeding pigs, missing website, company profitability and obsolete buildings. Amongst others was suggested to create website for the farm.
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Maulana, Addin. "Pemetaan Prospek Pasar Wisatawan Nusantara di Indonesia." Jurnal Kepariwisataan Indonesia: Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kepariwisataan Indonesia 13, no. 1 (September 29, 2019): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.47608/jki.v13i12019.1-15.
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Utilizing the Tourism Potential Market Matrix (PPP) which is a modification of the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix, this study resulted in a mapping of the prospects of the domestic tourist market in Indonesia. From this study, it was identified the market potential that besides on the ability of a provinces to produce the number of trips for domestic tourists, and also has the potential of the prospect of spending while traveling. There are 5 Provinces which are included in the most potential market quadrant in the development of domestic tourist because they have a high average income, and the high on travel propensity, namely: Bangka Belitung Islands, DKI Jakarta, Riau Islands, North Sulawesi and DI Yogyakarta. These provinces can be optimized by other provinces to be developed as a tourism market, so that they are expected to bring quality tourists.
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Yanti, Sofiya Nurri. "Penerapan Model Strategi Bisnis Pada Koperasi Syariah." Jurnal Teknik Industri 18, no. 1 (August 24, 2017): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jtiumm.vol18.no1.74-85.
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Koperasi BMT Syariah East Java is one of sharia-based cooperatives located in the area of Gresik, East Java. BMT cooperatives encountered many obstacles in society such as low awareness of the public in cooperatives, negative impression of the cooperative BMT, the level of customer confidence in the institution to be low, the limitations of market coverage and others. The matrices used in this study are IFE (Internal Factor Evaluation), EFE (External Factor Evaluation), CPM (Competitive Profile Matrix), SWOT, SPACE (Strategic Position and Action Evaluation), BCG (Boston Consulting), IE Matrix ( Internal-External), Grand Strategy Matrix, QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) and Architecture Strategy. The results of this study are several alternative strategies such as Strategy 3 (S3), which is to improve the image of sharia cooperative BMT, Strategy 1 (S1) Increase participation, Strategy 6 (S6) establish partnership relationship with financial institution, Strategy 10 (S10) Product range and strategy 2 (S2) Expand the market. The next stage is the strategy architecture that is the stage toward the development stage, the stage of business development activities and the stage of maintaining the business. Strategy architecture stage is done by making short, medium and long term plan.
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Shahrbabaki, Alireza Aghaee, Saeed Sakkaki, Peyman Parsa, Mohammad Saeed Heidary, and Vahid Yousefi Pour. "Strategic reactions to information content of dividend change: applying BCG growth share matrix when signalling hypothesis identified." Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 10–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.9770/jesi.2020.8.2(1).
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Badrudin, Rudy. "ANALISIS DAMPAK OTONOMI DAERAH TERHADAP STRATEGI PENGEMBANGAN PERGURUAN TINGGI SWASTA (PTS) DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2008): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v9i2.1024.
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This research analyze the effect of regional autonomy to the interest of college’s student candidate to continue studying in Sleman Regency which research’s samples for major program’s chosen was Accounting, Management, and Economics in UII, UAJY, UPNVY, and STIE YKPN. The result of research with Boston Consulting Group (BCG) Matrix shows that each major program in four universities and college was in different quadrant. Therefore, each university and college has to choose different development strategic specifically even for each major programs in each university and college, so that the major programs in four universities and college in Sleman Regency could grow and rise.
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Santos German, Iris Jasmin, Karina Torres Pomini, Ana Carolina Cestari Bighetti, Jesus Carlos Andreo, Carlos Henrique Bertoni Reis, André Luis Shinohara, Geraldo Marco Rosa Júnior, et al. "Evaluation of the Use of an Inorganic Bone Matrix in the Repair of Bone Defects in Rats Submitted to Experimental Alcoholism." Materials 13, no. 3 (February 4, 2020): 695. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13030695.
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To assess the effects of chronic alcoholism on the repair of bone defects associated with xenograft. Forty male rats were distributed in: control group (CG, n = 20) and experimental group (EG, n = 20), which received 25% ethanol ad libitum after a period of adaptation. After 90 days of liquid diet, the rats were submitted to 5.0-mm bilateral craniotomy on the parietal bones, subdividing into groups: CCG (control group that received only water with liquid diet and the defect was filled with blood clot), BCG (control group that received only water with liquid diet and the defect was filled with biomaterial), CEG (alcoholic group that received only ethanol solution 25% v/v with liquid diet and the defect was filled with blood clot), and BEG (alcoholic group that received only ethanol solution 25% v/v with liquid diet and the defect was filled with biomaterial). In the analysis of body mass, the drunk animals presented the lowest averages in relation to non-drunk animals during the experimental period. Histomorphologically all groups presented bone formation restricted to the defect margins at 60 days, with bone islets adjacent to the BCG biomaterial particles. CEG showed significant difference compared to BEG only at 40 days (17.42 ± 2.78 vs. 9.59 ± 4.59, respectively). In the birefringence analysis, in early periods all groups showed red-orange birefringence turning greenish-yellow at the end of the experiment. The results provided that, regardless of clinical condition, i.e., alcoholic or non-alcoholic, in the final period of the experiment, the process of bone defect recomposition was similar with the use of xenograft or only clot.