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Journal articles on the topic 'BCS Classification'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 26 July 2025

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1

Espasandin, Ana Carolina, Andrea Gimena Larracharte Cardoso, and Nicolás Pérez López. "Guided classification measurement of body condition in beef cows." Agrociencia Uruguay 27 (August 28, 2023): e1165. http://dx.doi.org/10.31285/agro.27.1165.

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The use of predictive techniques based on image acquisition at field level is presented to improve livestock production. With this, the farmer can plan the management of the herd and the need for supplemental feeding. The use of the Body Condition Score (BCS) measured by visual assessment has been proposed as a method of subjective evaluation of the nutritional status of cattle. Studies show that a good BCS at calving allows increases in the order of 10 to 15% in the following pregnancy rate of the herd. This increase has a significant impact on farm productivity. Although the benefits of the

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2

Dudhat, Kiran Rameshbhai. "Vital Medications in the World According to Preliminary BCS Classification: Prognostication of Solubility and Permeability." Journal of Clinical Trials and Regulations 4, no. 2 (2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46610/jctr.2022.v04i02.001.

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The Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) has been used as a predictive method to evaluate potential formulation impacts on oral medication bioavailability in humans. The BCS can assist in the prediction of in vivo product performance and the construction of mechanistic models that enable formulation assessments through the generation of scenarios when used in conjunction with in vitro dissolution testing. The applicability of current human BCS standards has not yet been examined in dogs, which restricts its application in canine medication development. The BCS has had a significant im

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Biopharmaceutical, Classification System dissolution permeability Gastrointestinal track ., and J. Bhor1 Rashid Azeez2 Vinod A. Bairagi3 Kalyani. "Review: Biopharmaceutical Classification System." International Journal in Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 3 (2024): 350–66. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10810211.

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Dr. Gordon Amidon developed the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) to classify pharmacological compounds based on their solubility in water and intestinal permeability. His work in this area earned him the Science Award from the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) in August 2006. The BCS has since been used by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to estimate the absorption of oral medications in the intestines. It has become an indispensable tool in regulatory decision-making for drug development, allowing for the evaluation of dissolution, solubility, and intestinal perm

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Dandıl, Emre, Kerim Kürşat Çevik, and Mustafa Boğa. "Automated Classification System Based on YOLO Architecture for Body Condition Score in Dairy Cows." Veterinary Sciences 11, no. 9 (2024): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11090399.

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Body condition score (BCS) is a common tool used to assess the welfare of dairy cows and is based on scoring animals according to their external appearance. If the BCS of dairy cows deviates from the required value, it can lead to diseases caused by metabolic problems in the animal, increased medication costs, low productivity, and even the loss of dairy cows. BCS scores for dairy cows on farms are mostly determined by observation based on expert knowledge and experience. This study proposes an automatic classification system for BCS determination in dairy cows using the YOLOv8x deep learning

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L. Prasanna Tarivitla and M. Sunitha Reddy. "An Overview of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)." GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 2 (2021): 217–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.2.0012.

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The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is an essential tool in pharmaceutical sciences, providing a scientific framework for classifying drugs based on their solubility and permeability characteristics. This system, developed in 1995, helps streamline drug development and regulatory approval processes by predicting in vivo drug performance from in vitro data. This paper reviews the four BCS classes, their solubility and permeability criteria, detailed procedures for determining these characteristics, and suitable formulation strategies for each class. Additionally, it explores the co

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6

Ifould, Peta, and Pauline Joseph. "User difficulties working with a business classification scheme: a case study." Records Management Journal 26, no. 1 (2016): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-03-2015-0011.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a unique perspective into user difficulties working with the functional business classification scheme (BCS) to register, search and retrieve corporate information at the Western Australia Police (WA Police). Design/methodology/approach – This paper is a single case study. Questionnaire and interview data were collected and analysed from a sample of ten EDRMS users on their perspectives of working with the BCS. An interpretive analysis methodology was used, and inductive reasoning was used for thematic analysis and sense making of the textual d

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Kus-Slowinska, Marta, Monika Wrzaskowska, Izabela Ibragimow, Piotr Igor Czaklosz, Anna Olejnik, and Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty. "Solubility, Permeability, and Dissolution Rate of Naftidrofuryl Oxalate Based on BCS Criteria." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12 (2020): 1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121238.

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The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) was conceived to classify drug substances by their in vitro aqueous solubility and permeability properties. The essential activity of naftidrofuryl oxalate (NF) has been described as the inhibition of the serotonin receptors (5-HT2), resulting in vasodilation and decreasing blood pressure. Since the early 1980s, NF has been used to treat several venous and cerebral diseases. There is no data available on the BCS classification of NF. However, based on its physical-chemical properties, NF might be considered to belong to the 1st or the 3rd BCS cl

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8

Sabra, Rayan, Daniel Kirby, Vikram Chouk, Kleta Malgorzata, and Afzal R. Mohammed. "Buccal Absorption of Biopharmaceutics Classification System III Drugs: Formulation Approaches and Mechanistic Insights." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 12 (2024): 1563. https://doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16121563.

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Buccal drug delivery emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the absorption of drugs classified under the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class III, characterized by high solubility and low permeability. However, addressing the absorption challenges of BCS Class III drugs necessitates innovative formulation strategies. This review delves into optimizing buccal drug delivery for BCS III drugs, focusing on various formulation approaches to improve absorption. Strategies such as permeation enhancers, mucoadhesive polymers, pH modifiers, ion pairing, and prodrugs are systematically

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9

Miranda, Claudia, Alexis Aceituno, Mirna Fernández, et al. "ICH Guideline for Biopharmaceutics Classification System-Based Biowaiver (M9): Toward Harmonization in Latin American Countries." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 3 (2021): 363. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13030363.

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The biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS) is a very important tool to replace the traditional in vivo bioequivalence studies with in vitro dissolution assays during multisource product development. This paper compares the most recent harmonized guideline for biowaivers based on the biopharmaceutics classification system and the BCS regulatory guidelines in Latin America and analyzes the current BCS regulatory requirements and the perspective of the harmonization in the region to develop safe and effective multisource products. Differences and similarities between the official and publi

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10

Semakula, Jimmy, Rene A. Corner-Thomas, Stephen T. Morris, Hugh T. Blair, and Paul R. Kenyon. "Application of Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Body Condition Score from Liveweight Records of Mature Romney Ewes." Agriculture 11, no. 2 (2021): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11020162.

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Body condition score (BCS) in sheep (Ovis aries) is a widely used subjective measure of the degree of soft tissue coverage. Body condition score and liveweight are statistically related in ewes; therefore, it was hypothesized that BCS could be accurately predicted from liveweight using machine learning models. Individual ewe liveweight and body condition score data at each stage of the annual cycle (pre-breeding, pregnancy diagnosis, pre-lambing and weaning) at 43 to 54 months of age were used. Nine machine learning (ML) algorithms (ordinal logistic regression, multinomial regression, linear d

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11

Shrestha, Santosh Man. "Hepatic Venous Outflow Obstruction: Suggestion of a New Classification." Journal of Renal and Hepatic Disorders 1, no. 2 (2017): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jrenhep.2017.13.

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Hepatic venous outflow obstruction (HVOO) is common in developing countries. It is a serious condition that clinically manifests with ascites from sinusoidal hypertension, and carries the risk of high mortality or development of liver cirrhosis. In the past, the eponym Budd–Chiari Syndrome (BCS) was used synonymously for HVOO. In the West, hepatic vein (HV) thrombosis caused by prothrombotic disorders is the main cause of HVOO. In the East, obliterative disease of hepatic portion of inferior vena cava induced by bacterial infection, now renamed hepatic vena cava syndrome, is the common cause o

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12

de Castro, Lara Maria Lopes, Jacqueline de Souza, Tamires Guedes Caldeira, et al. "The Evaluation of Valsartan Biopharmaceutics Properties." Current Drug Research Reviews 12, no. 1 (2020): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2589977511666191210151120.

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Background: Solubility, intestinal permeability and dissolution are the main factors that govern the rate and extent of drugs absorption and are directly related to bioavailability. Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is an important tool which uses in vitro results for comparison with bioavailability in vivo (biowaiver). Valsartan is widely used in the treatment of hypertension and shows different BCS classification in the literature (BCS class II or III). Objective: This work proposes the study of valsartan biopharmaceutics properties and its BCS classification. Methods: High Perfor

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13

Parag, Sharma, Sharma Vijay, and Ravindra N. "A Review on Solubility Enhancement Technique." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 15, no. 04 (2023): 198–204. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12635926.

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AbstractThe systemic effects of medicinal medicines are best achieved by the oral mode ofadministration, yet low drug solubility presents a significant issue for formulation scientists.The solubility and solubilization procedure have been explored in this research. Drugs aredivided into four groups according to their solubility in water using the BCS classificationsystem. The BCS system's Class II and Class IV compounds have poor solubility. Severalcategories of variables are discussed, each of which affects the drug's soluble nature. Weemploy a number of different approaches or procedures to

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14

Truzzi, Francesca, Camilla Tibaldi, Yanxin Zhang, Giovanni Dinelli, and Eros D′Amen. "An Overview on Dietary Polyphenols and Their Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS)." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 11 (2021): 5514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22115514.

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Polyphenols are natural organic compounds produced by plants, acting as antioxidants by reacting with ROS. These compounds are widely consumed in daily diet and many studies report several benefits to human health thanks to their bioavailability in humans. However, the digestion process of phenolic compounds is still not completely clear. Moreover, bioavailability is dependent on the metabolic phase of these compounds. The LogP value can be managed as a simplified measure of the lipophilicity of a substance ingested within the human body, which affects resultant absorption. The biopharmaceutic

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15

Arrunátegui, Lorena Barbosa, Neila Márcia Silva-Barcellos, Karime Rezende Bellavinha, Lisiane da Silveira Ev, and Jacqueline de Souza. "Biopharmaceutics classification system: importance and inclusion in biowaiver guidance." Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 51, no. 1 (2015): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-82502015000100015.

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Pharmacological therapy is essential in many diseases treatment and it is important that the medicine policy is intended to offering safe and effective treatment with affordable price to the population. One way to achieve this is through biowaiver, defined as the replacement of in vivo bioequivalence studies by in vitro studies. For biowaiver of new immediate release solid oral dosage forms, data such as intestinal permeability and solubility of the drug are required, as well as the product dissolution. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) is a scientific scheme that divides drugs

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Sagar, Nidhi, Iva Dhulia, Himani Patel, Umesh Dobariya, and Sandip Sarvaiya. "Overview on Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based biowaiver requirements in African countries." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 9, no. 2 (2021): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v9i2.465.

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Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)-based biowaiver are meant to reduce the need for establishing in vivo bioequivalence in situations where in vitro data may be considered to provide a reasonable estimate of the relative in vivo performance of two products. The BCS is a scientific approach designed to predict medicinal absorption based on the aqueous solubility and intestinal absorptive characteristics of the Pharmaceutical product. To ensure interchangeability, the multisource product must be therapeutically equivalent to the comparator product. Types of in vivo equivalence st

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., Shriramulu, Heartwin A. Pushpadass, Magdaline Eljeeva Emerald Franklin, et al. "Development of convolutional neural network models for evaluation of body condition scores of Holstein Friesian crossbred cows." Indian Journal of Dairy Science 77, no. 3 (2024): 243–51. https://doi.org/10.33785/ijds.2024.v77i03.008.

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Body condition scoring (BCS) is an efficient tool to monitor the nutritional status of cows by subjective assessment of the amount of fat or stored energy in them. This method of scoring is cumbersome, laborious and inefficient because it takes more time to score due to increasing number of animals in modern dairy farms, besides involving high cost. Therefore, this study proposed a system based on convolutional neural network (CNN)models to automate BCS of cows by image analysis. The digitally-captured images were processed using GIMP software to subtract the background from the captured image

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18

Tix, Leonie, Lisa Ernst, Britta Bungardt, Steven R. Talbot, Gero Hilken, and René H. Tolba. "Establishment of the body condition score for adult female Xenopus laevis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 4 (2023): e0280000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280000.

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The assessment of animals’ health and nutritional status using a Body Condition Score (BCS) has become a common and reliable tool in lab-animal science. It enables a simple, semi-objective, and non-invasive assessment (palpation of osteal prominences and subcutaneous fat tissue) in routine examination of an animal. In mammals, the BCS classification contains 5 levels: A low score describes a poor nutritional condition (BCS 1–2). A BCS of 3 to 4 is considered optimum, whereas a high score (BCS = 5) is associated with obesity. While BCS are published for most common laboratory mammals, these ass

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19

Palli, Domenico, Simonetta Bianchi, Folke Linell, et al. "Histopathologic Classification of Breast Cancer in Sweden and Italy: A Comparison between two Pathologists." Tumori Journal 78, no. 4 (1992): 247–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030089169207800406.

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Two large series of breast cancers (BC), identified in the Pathology Departments of Malmö (Sweden) and Florence (Italy), were independently reviewed by two experienced pathologists, one from each department. Overall, comparison of diagnoses of 372 BCs according to a simplified WHO histologic classification system (in four combined categories) revealed agreement for 74 % of the cases. Concordance, as measured by the kappa statistic, was relatively good (0.53 overall). Kappa values for specific categories were also acceptable, being highest for « invasive lobular » BC (0.63) and lowest for « oth

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Lassoued, Mohamed Ali, Fathia Khemiss, and Souad Sfar. "Comparative study of Two In Vitro Methods for Assessing Drug Absorption: Sartorius SM 16750 Apparatus Versus Everted Gut Sac." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 14, no. 1 (2011): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3gc7r.

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– Purpose. Oral drug administration remains the most common and most convenient way used in clinical therapy. The availability of a simple, rapid, economic and reproducible in vitro method to assess drug absorption is a very helpful tool. The purpose of this study is to compare the performance of Sartorius SM 16750 Absorption Simulator apparatus to Everted Gut Sac (EGS) technique in terms of predicting drug absorption. Methods. Permeation studies across these two in vitro models were performed with six drugs selected across the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) categories: Tramadol

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Smetanová, Libuše, Věra Štětinová, Zbyněk Svoboda, and Jaroslav Květina. "Caco-2 Cells, Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and Biowaiter." Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 54, no. 1 (2011): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2016.9.

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Almost all orally administered drugs are absorbed across the intestinal mucosa. The Caco-2 monolayers are used as an in vitro model to predict drug absorption in humans and to explore mechanism of drug absorption. The Caco-2 cells are derived from a human colon adenocarcinoma and spontaneously differentiate to form confluent monolayer of polarized cells structurally and functionally resembling the small intestinal epithelium. For studying drug permeability, Caco-2 cells are seeded onto the Transwell inserts with semipermeable membrane and grown to late confluence (21 days). After determination

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Miranda, Claudia, Zenia Pérez-Rodríguez, Rosario Hernández-Armengol, Yaidel Quiñones-García, Tania Betancourt-Purón, and Miguel Ángel Cabrera-Pérez. "Biowaiver or Bioequivalence: Ambiguity in Sildenafil Citrate BCS Classification." AAPS PharmSciTech 19, no. 4 (2018): 1693–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-018-0982-7.

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Mariappan, T. T., and Saranjit Singh. "Positioning of Rifampicin in the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)." Clinical Research and Regulatory Affairs 23, no. 1 (2006): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10601330500533990.

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delMoral-Sanchez, Jose-Manuel, Isabel Gonzalez-Alvarez, Marta Gonzalez-Alvarez, Andres Navarro, and Marival Bermejo. "Classification of WHO Essential Oral Medicines for Children Applying a Provisional Pediatric Biopharmaceutics Classification System." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 11 (2019): 567. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11110567.

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The objective was using the Essential Medicines List for children by the World Health Organization (WHO) to create a pediatric biopharmaceutics classification system (pBCS) of the oral drugs included in the Essential Medicines List by the World Health Organization and to compare our results with the BCS for adults (aBCS). Several methods to estimate the oral drug dose in different pediatric groups were used to calculate dose number (Do) and solubility (high/low). The estimation of the gastrointestinal water volume was adapted to each pediatric group. Provisional permeability classification was

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Ren, Ping, Theresa Chan, Wen-Cheng Yang, et al. "Effect of the Similarity of Formulations and Excipients of Approved Generic Drug Products on In Vivo Bioequivalence for Putative Biopharmaceutics Classification System Class III Drugs." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 9 (2023): 2366. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092366.

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One of the potential essential factors that restricts generic industry from applying the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class III biowaiver is adherence to the stringent formulation criteria for formulation qualitative (Q1) sameness and quantitative (Q2) similarity. The present study has investigated formulations and excipients from 16 putative BCS Class III drug substances in a total of 19 drug products via 133 approved abbreviated new drug applications (ANDAs) containing in vivo bioequivalence (BE) studies in human subjects during the time period from 2006 to 2022. We included

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Patel, Jimi, Priti Mehta, and Vaishali Kothari. "COMPARISON OF GLOBAL REGULATORY GUIDELINES FOR AVAILABILITY OF DIFFERENT BIOWAIVER PROVISIONS AND APPLICATION REQUIREMENTS OF BIOPHARMACEUTICS CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM (BCS) BASED BIOWAIVER." International Journal of Drug Regulatory Affairs 3, no. 3 (2018): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/ijdra.v3i3.167.

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To waive a complete and systemic Bioequivalence (BE) study, Biowaiver or Request for a Biowaiver is a fast track approach to boost the drug development process. Over the past three-four years the Biowaiver market shows greater number of Biowaiver submissions and the wider use of In-vitro permeability study. Biowaiver is a beneficial approach for getting approval of Abbreviated New Drug Application (ANDA) while, BCS based Biowaiver is the novel approach to gain approval for New Drug Application (NDA) as well as ANDA. A Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based Biowaiver is an exemption

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Ferreira, Talita da Silva, Giovanni M. Pauletti, Eduardo Agostinho Freitas Fernandes, et al. "Knowledge-based: facilitating access to medicines in Latin America." Brazilian Journal of Health Review 7, no. 2 (2024): e69323. http://dx.doi.org/10.34119/bjhrv7n2-480.

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The World Health Organization (WHO), with the scientific support of the International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP), guides the development of multisource pharmaceutical products for market authorization using in vivo bioequivalence studies or, where applicable, in vitro biowaiver strategies based on the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS). A review of the regulatory framework guiding generic medicines approval in Latin American countries revealed that less than 50% of regional health authorities offer a generic medicines development pathway utilizing a BCS-based biowaiver strategy

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Moro-Méndez, J., R. I. Cue, and H. G. Monardes. "Phenotypic study of body condition scores in Canadian dairy cattle." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 88, no. 2 (2008): 213–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas07091.

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The objective of this study was to characterize body condition score (BCS) in dairy cattle recorded under commercial conditions in Quebec. There were 354 958 BCS records from Holstein cows and 15 334 records from Ayrshire cows available, from first to fifth parity, recorded by producers using a scale of 1 to 5. A classification model was fitted including fixed effects of herd, year of calving, month of calving, age at calving, and days in milk (DIM); another model substituted the Wilmink function on days in milk to model lactational BCS curves. Both models used the spatial power covariance str

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Lindholm-Perry, Amanda K., Larry A. Kuehn, Harvey C. Freetly, et al. "262 Why are some cows skinny? An evaluation of stress and immune factors." Journal of Animal Science 102, Supplement_3 (2024): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skae234.099.

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Abstract For the mature cow with low body condition scores (BCS), being too thin can accompany health issues, reduced pregnancy rates, more days to rebreeding, and decreased milk production resulting in lighter calves at weaning. In addition, reduced fat insulation in low BCS cows during the winter equates to additional feed requirements for warmth. The hypothesis of this study was that stress and immune factors contribute to low BCS in mature cows. The objective of this study was to determine whether there were differences in hematology parameters, hair cortisol concentrations, and plasma cyt

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Rybkowska, Agnieszka, Magda Żuchnik, Gabriela Licak, et al. "Budd-Chiari Syndrome - classification, diagnostics, imaging and treatment." Quality in Sport 12, no. 1 (2023): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/qs.2023.12.01.001.

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Introduction: Budd-Chiari syndrome is a rare condition which can be defined as hepatic venous outflow obstruction occurring at any level between the small hepatic veins and junction of the inferior vena cava and the right atrium. Symptoms may vary from mild or even asymptomatic for many years to fulminant hepatic failure. Imaging is the mainstay of diagnosis of BCS. Laboratory and ematological tests are invaluable in recognizing hematological and coagulation disorders that may be identified in up to 75% of the patients. The recommended therapeutic approach to BCS is based on a stepwise algorit

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Van Oudtshoorn, Joy Elizabeth, Alfredo García-Arieta, Gustavo Mendes Lima Santos, et al. "A Survey of the Regulatory Requirements for BCS-Based Biowaivers for Solid Oral Dosage Forms by Participating Regulators and Organisations of the International Generic Drug Regulators Programme." Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences 21, no. 1 (2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18433/j3x93k.

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Purpose: The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) based biowaiver is a scientific model which enables the substitution of in vivo bioequivalence studies with in vitro data as evidence of therapeutic equivalence subject to certain conditions. Despite being based on the same principles, BCS-based biowaivers are interpreted and regulated differently among international regulatory agencies. In this survey, the Bioequivalence Working Group (BEWG) of the International Generic Drug Regulators Programme (IGDRP) compared the criteria for BCS-based biowaivers applied by the participating regulat

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Wellnitz, Krista R., Cory T. Parsons, Julia M. Dafoe, et al. "Influence of Heifer Post-Weaning Voluntary Feed Intake Classification on Lifetime Productivity in Black Angus Beef Females." Animals 12, no. 13 (2022): 1687. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12131687.

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This study evaluated heifer post-weaning voluntary feed intake (g/kg BW) classification on performance and reproductive measures, as well as impacts on lifetime productivity of 519 commercial Angus beef females. Heifer post-weaning voluntary feed intake (g/kg BW) was calculated over 80 test days following weaning using GrowSafe units. Heifers were categorized based on voluntary feed intake (g/kg BW) as either low (<−0.50 SD from the mean), average (±0.50 SD from the mean), or high (>0.50 SD from the mean) within year. Cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) at breeding displa

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Aliyu Abubakar, Ibrahim Ikara Abdulkarim, and Sa’eed Yusuf Umar. "Effect of mining tailing waste on properties of cement stabilized black cotton soil." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 11, no. 3 (2022): 031–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gjeta.2022.11.3.0090.

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In most cases, not all available materials for road construction do meet the nominal requirements, as such; stabilization becomes necessary. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiments carried out to assess the effect of mining tailing waste (MTW) as an admixture to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) stabilized Black Cotton Soil (BCS). The MTW was obtained from a tin mining site in Bukuru, Jos South LGA of Plateau State, Nigeria, while the BCS was obtained along Kanawa-Jauro-Gotel road, in Yemaltu-Deba, Gombe, Nigeria. The specimens were prepared by admixing the four blends of OPC

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Aliyu, Abubakar, Ikara Abdulkarim Ibrahim, and Yusuf Umar Sa'eed. "Effect of mining tailing waste on properties of cement stabilized black cotton soil." Global Journal of Engineering and Technology Advances 11, no. 3 (2022): 031–36. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6961690.

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In most cases, not all available materials for road construction do meet the nominal requirements, as such; stabilization becomes necessary. This study presents the results of a laboratory experiments carried out to assess the effect of mining tailing waste (MTW) as an admixture to ordinary Portland cement (OPC) stabilized Black Cotton Soil (BCS). The MTW was obtained from a tin mining site in Bukuru, Jos South LGA of Plateau State, Nigeria, while the BCS was obtained along Kanawa-Jauro-Gotel road, in Yemaltu-Deba, Gombe, Nigeria. The specimens were prepared by admixing the four blends of OPC

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Dentali, Francesco, Fulvio Pomero, Luigi Fenoglio, et al. "Incidence rates and case fatality rates of portal vein thrombosis and Budd-Chiari Syndrome." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 117, no. 04 (2017): 794–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th16-10-0781.

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SummaryLittle information is available on the incidence of splanchnic vein thrombosis and on mortality rates during the acute phase of the disease. We performed a large epidemiologic study on hospital admissions for portal vein thrombosis (PVT) and the Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) between 2002 and 2012 in Northwestern Italy. Primary and secondary discharge diagnoses of PVT and BCS were identified using the 9th edition International Classification of Diseases codes 453.0, 572.1 and 452. Hospitalisations for recurrent events were not included. Information was collected on age and gender, vital sta

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Darusman, Fitrianti, and Ulfa Siti M. "PENGARUH KONSENTRASI BETASIKLODEKSTRIN TERHADAP KELARUTAN GLIMEPIRID." Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Farmasyifa 1, no. 1 (2017): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.29313/jiff.v1i1.3061.

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Glimepirid (GMP) merupakan obat antidiabetika oral golongan sulfonilurea generasi ketiga yang mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dengan efek samping hipoglikemia yang kecil. Namun GMP termasuk ke dalam Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) kelas II yang memiliki kelarutan praktis tidak larut dalam air sehingga berpengaruh pada laju disolusi dan bioavailabilitasnya. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan kelarutan GMP yaitu dengan pembentukan kompleks inklusi menggunakan betasiklodekstrin (BCD). Penentuan terbentuknya kompleks inklusi GMP-BCD menggunakan beberapa konsentrasi larutan BCD

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Turova, Polina, Vladimir Kushnarev, Oleg Baranov, et al. "Abstract PO2-15-12: Novel Transcriptomic Classification System Unveils HER2-Low Breast Tumors." Cancer Research 84, no. 9_Supplement (2024): PO2–15–12—PO2–15–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs23-po2-15-12.

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Abstract Breast cancers (BCs) are segregable into subtypes based on their intrinsic molecular features. When evaluating HER2 status, clinicians often rely on IHC, which is plagued by reproducibility issues. The widely used PAM50 transcriptomic system also does not include the HER2-low subtype. Addressing these limitations is particularly important given the recent approval of targeted therapy for HER2-low BCs. Here, we developed a unique transcriptomic classification system that can identify HER2-low BCs. Accurate identification of HER2-low BCs can help physicians navigate treatment selection

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Anjali, Motwani* Pooja Hatwar Dr. Ravindra Bakal. "Advances in Solubility Enhancement of Poorly Soluble Drugs in Pharmaceutical Development: A Review of Current Techniques and Strategies." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2, no. 11 (2024): 138–48. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14029216.

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Solubility is a key determinant in the bioavailability of drugs, particularly those categorized under Class II and IV of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS), which exhibit poor aqueous solubility. This review provides an introduction to the concept of solubility, alongside a brief discussion on the BCS classification. Key definitions of solubility are presented, followed by a mention of several factors affecting solubility, such as temperature, pH, and particle size. The article then outlines various techniques employed to enhance solubility, including physical methods like parti

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De Dantas, Allberson Bruno Oliveira, Murilo Garrett Moura Ferreira dos Santos, Mateus Modesto, Vinícius Yuji Mendes Da Silva, and Thiago Zanetti Albertini. "PSXII-15 Automatic Estimation of Body Condition Score in Finished Cattle Using Deep Learning Computational Architectures in Two-Dimensional Images." Journal of Animal Science 101, Supplement_3 (2023): 600–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skad281.700.

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Abstract The objective of this research was to investigate the possibility of using computational architectures of deep learning neural networks (deep learning) in two-dimensional images to automatically estimate the BCS (body condition score) in beef cattle. Data collection lasted from March 2021 to December 2022 and was carried out on a commercial farm in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Data from 1,570 animals of different genetic compositions, sex classes, ages and body weights were used. The animals were randomly selected in the confinement stalls, identified and concomitantly. To obtain the R

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Fagerholm, Urban. "Evaluation and suggested improvements of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS)." Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 59, no. 6 (2007): 751–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1211/jpp.59.6.0001.

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Chamandi, Ghada, Layal El-Hajjar, Abdallah El Kurdi, Morgane Le Bras, Rihab Nasr, and Jacqueline Lehmann-Che. "ER Negative Breast Cancer and miRNA: There Is More to Decipher Than What the Pathologist Can See!" Biomedicines 11, no. 8 (2023): 2300. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11082300.

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Breast cancer (BC), the most prevalent cancer in women, is a heterogenous disease. Despite advancements in BC diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics, survival rates have drastically decreased in the metastatic setting. Therefore, BC still remains a medical challenge. The evolution of high-throughput technology has highlighted gaps in the classification system of BCs. Of particular interest is the notorious triple negative BC, which was recounted as being heterogenous itself and it overlaps with distinct subtypes, namely molecular apocrine (MA) and luminal androgen (LAR) BCs. These subtypes are

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Koeck, Astrid, Filippo Miglior, David F. Kelton, and Flavio S. Schenkel. "Short Communication: Genetic association of body condition score with disease resistance in first lactation Canadian Holsteins." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 92, no. 3 (2012): 285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas2012-047.

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Koeck, A., Miglior, F., Kelton, D. F. and Schenkel, F. S. 2012. Short Communication: Genetic association of body condition score with disease resistance in first lactation Canadian Holsteins. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 285–289. The objective of this study was to investigate if body condition score (BCS) can be used as an indicator of specific diseases in first lactation Canadian Holstein cows. Body condition score was routinely recorded by professional type classifiers, as part of the national type classification system. Health data recorded by producers were available from the national dairy catt

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Imyanitov, Evgeny N. "Classification of breast cancer subtypes based on RNA profiling and immunohistochemical methods: clinical and biological aspects: A review." Journal of Modern Oncology 24, no. 3 (2022): 351–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26442/18151434.2022.3.201832.

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Transcriptome analysis provided a tool to identify expression subtypes of breast cancer (BC). A significant part of BCs are carcinomas that differ in the expression of luminal mammary ductal epithelium markers and estrogen signaling cascade genes (luminal subtypes A and B). Another group of BCs is characterized by the expression of ductal basal lining genes. Another subtype of BC has genes typically expressed in HER2-induced tumors. Immunohistochemical (IHC) examination is reliable in identifying the tumor subtype. Tumors with high IHC-expression of estrogen (ER) and progesterone (PR) receptor

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Cysewski, Piotr, and Maciej Przybyłek. "Predicting Value of Binding Constants of Organic Ligands to Beta-Cyclodextrin: Application of MARSplines and Descriptors Encoded in SMILES String." Symmetry 11, no. 7 (2019): 922. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym11070922.

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The quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSPR) model was formulated to quantify values of the binding constant (lnK) of a series of ligands to beta–cyclodextrin (β-CD). For this purpose, the multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSplines) methodology was adopted with molecular descriptors derived from the simplified molecular input line entry specification (SMILES) strings. This approach allows discovery of regression equations consisting of new non-linear components (basis functions) being combinations of molecular descriptors. The model was subjected to the standard internal a

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Charalabidis, Aggelos, Maria Sfouni, Christel Bergström, and Panos Macheras. "The Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) and the Biopharmaceutics Drug Disposition Classification System (BDDCS): Beyond guidelines." International Journal of Pharmaceutics 566 (July 2019): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.05.041.

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Shittu, A., MM Zaharadeen, FO Fasina, MA Umaru, and A. Ahmed. "Classification of slaughtered animals and estimation of body condition scores during rainy season in Sokoto abattoir." Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 12, no. 2 (2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v12i2.6.

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The animals slaughtered at the Sokoto City Abattoir in Northwestern Nigeria from 5th June to 6th August 2010 were classified based on body condition scores (BCS) and other variables. A total of 6215 animals (cattle, sheep, goats and camels) were slaughtered with wide disparities in body conditions. Cattle remain the predominant animal slaughtered (67.74%) with the least predominant animal being camel (5.41%). The majority (80.80%) of the large ruminant slaughtered were in borderline to optimum (3-4) body condition while the majority of small ruminant (81.73%) primarily fell into the optimum (2

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Lima, Camila Moura de, Gustavo Antônio Boff, Sergiane Baes Pereira, et al. "Feline obesity: risk factors and clinical and metabolic findings." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 42, no. 6 (2021): 3305–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n6p3305.

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Excess body fat can cause a series of metabolic and mechanical effects on the body. Therefore, this study aimed to verify the clinical, metabolic, and risk factors of overweight (OW) cats. For the acceptance of participation in the research, the tutors were asked to answer a questionnaire containing 34 questions and to point out the body condition score (BCS) on a sheet containing nine images of different scores (1 to 9 on a 9-point scale). Thereafter, the body evaluations were performed as a classification of the BCS on a scale from 1 to 9, with an ideal score (IS) of BCS 5 and OW for BCS &gt

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Kolluru, Lakshmi, Prachi Atre, and Syed Rizvi. "Characterization and Applications of Colloidal Systems as Versatile Drug Delivery Carriers for Parenteral Formulations." Pharmaceuticals 14, no. 2 (2021): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph14020108.

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Preparing a suitable formulation for parenteral administration is already a difficult task; this, coupled with poor water-soluble new chemical entity (NCE), complicates this situation even further. There are several methodologies available to enhance water solubility, but this alone does not entail successful formulation. Making a micro/nano emulsion with a suitable surfactant not only increases the drug solubility but also the cell membrane permeability. Thus, not only biopharmaceutic classification system (BCS)-II (low solubility compounds) but also BCS-III (low permeability) and BCS-IV drug

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Iacopetta, Domenico, Jessica Ceramella, Noemi Baldino, Maria Stefania Sinicropi, and Alessia Catalano. "Targeting Breast Cancer: An Overlook on Current Strategies." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 4 (2023): 3643. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24043643.

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Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most widely diagnosed cancers and a leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Globally, BC is the second most frequent cancer and first most frequent gynecological one, affecting women with a relatively low case-mortality rate. Surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the main treatments for BC, even though the latter are often not aways successful because of the common side effects and the damage caused to healthy tissues and organs. Aggressive and metastatic BCs are difficult to treat, thus new studies are needed in order to find new therapies a

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Ruiz-Picazo, Alejandro, Sarin Colón-Useche, Blanca Perez-Amorós, et al. "Investigation to Explain Bioequivalence Failure in Pravastatin Immediate-Release Products." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 12 (2019): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11120663.

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The purpose of this work is to explore the predictive ability of the biopharmaceutics classification system (BCS) biowaiver based on the dissolution methods for two pravastatin test products, where one of them showed bioequivalence (BE) while the other test failed (non-bioequivalence, or NBE), and to explore the reasons for the BE failure. Experimental solubility and permeability data confirmed that pravastatin is a BCS class III compound. The permeability experiments confirmed that the NBE formulation significantly increased pravastatin permeability, and could explain its higher absorption ra

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