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1
Flaherty, Kevin N. "Assessing public use of spatial data in Long Beach, CA." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527699.
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The Participatory GIS literature (PGIS) focuses on how community based organizations (CBOs) use geographic information. With its large population and history of community development the City of Long Beach is a perfect case study to explore this. For this research, I used a mixed methodology: conceptualization, interviews and surveys.
I conducted interviews covering five distinct subject areas to learn that connected organizations are more likely to use maps and geographic information. I then conducted a survey with 29 questions to find how this is the case. One idea is that there is a process of organization. Another is the possibility of predicting map usage using development level and organization type. Finally, this research proposes that new research qualitatively trace usage using a broad population.
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Butts, Jeffery Hornor. "The Virginia Beach response to implementing the Chesapeake Bay Preservation Area ordinance /." This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-04272010-020035/.
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Parlee, Kathryn Ann. "Killbear Provincial Park, the beach and dunes, their use and the implications for management." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ52222.pdf.
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Cooper, Patrick Michael. "Testing COULWAVE for use in modeling cross-shore sand transport and beach profile evolution." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/893.
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Realistic, reliable, and effective modeling of cross-shore sediment transport is not present in the current literature. Building that model requires the accurate recreation of breaking wave processes in the nearshore. To develop that first step for an as-yet-to-be-designed model, multiple phase-resolving wave transformation algorithms are reviewed for in-depth investigation. The COULWAVE model is selected for robust testing. Testing of the COULWAVE model shows that, although capable of recreating realistic results, it does not adequately describe major wave characteristics in the surf zone, across a wide range of conditions, to warrant use in a future cross-shore sediment transport model.
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Purvis, Kelly Grant. "Assessment of beach access paths on dune vegetation and implications for dune path planning and management." Thesis, College of Charleston, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1545049.
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The impact of beach access paths on dune vegetation was investigated on the Isle of Palms, SC. Understanding the impacts of the most direct form of disturbance in this system (beach access paths) is of increasing importance from ecological and economic perspectives. Vegetation characteristics were measured along transects in foredune, mid dune and back dune communities at set distances from beach access paths. Survey was conducted to allow comparisons between path types and materials. Results indicate that beach access paths have a significant impact on beach dune vegetation. Sand paths cause greater reductions in vegetative cover than wooden paths and wooden paths raised at least 0.7m from the sand surface cause the least reduction in vegetation cover. Closely spaced paths reduce the species richness and percent of vegetative cover more than paths spaced at least 40 m apart. Current regulations can be minimally altered to improve dune vegetation and dune stability. Regulations requiring construction of raised wooden paths and disallowing private sand paths would greatly improve dune vegetation continuity. Additionally, voluntary path sharing of neighboring properties could significantly reduce the number of paths per mile of coastline while creating minimal inconvenience for beachfront homeowners and visitors.
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McLean, Ellen Fitzsimmons. "Human Impacts on Beach Use by Wintering and Migrating Birds in the Lower Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 1993. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539624379.
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Sevier, Jessica. "A preventative and treatment substance use program for GLBT adolescents in Long Beach| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523191.
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The purpose of this project was to write a grant proposal for funds to develop a substance abuse program for GLBT adolescents at the Gay and Lesbian Center of Greater Long Beach, CA. (GLCGLB).
Consultations with the GLCGLB staff and findings from the literature review highlighted the need for a substance abuse program for GLBT adolescents due to their risk and the little attention received in regards to treatment. The proposed program offers culturally relevant psychoeducation, prevention and treatment groups for GLBT adolescents. The goal of the proposed program is to decrease substance use among GLBT adolescents in Long Beach and dispel the stigma around addiction and treatment as well as help GLBT adolescents to recover from substance use-related illnesses. The identified funding source is the Christopher D. Smithers Foundation Inc. The actual submission and/or funding of this grant were not a requirement for the successful completion of the project.
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Simmons, Kathryn. "HABITAT USE BY THE SOUTHEASTERN BEACH MOUSE (PEROMYSCUS POLIONOTUS NIVEIVENTRIS) AT CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, FLORIDA." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2009. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3178.
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Successful recovery of the federally threatened southeastern beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus niveiventris) depends in part on an understanding of their habitat requirements. I studied habitat use by beach mice at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida from March 2005 until March 2006. I livetrapped six grids, three on coastal dunes and three within scrub located inland from the coast. On each grid and trap station, I quantified the extent of bare ground, woody vegetation, non-woody vegetation, height of vegetation, and percentage of coarse sand in the surface soil. I assessed trap success relative to these habitat variables using linear and multiple regression, correlation, and ordination. Significantly higher numbers of mice were captured in the scrub habitat relative to the coastal habitat. Linear regression of trap success against the habitat variables did not reveal any significant relationships at the level of grids. A non-metric multidimensional scaling model was designed to capture the vegetation heterogeneity at the trapping sites and clarify the results. This methodology identified a predominantly dune and predominately scrub cluster of trap sites. A bubble plot showed higher densities of beach mice using the scrub habitat types. These results suggest beach mice are selecting for those habitat variables defined by the ordination: higher vegetation height, more woody vegetation types, less bare ground, and less heterogeneity.M.S.
Department of Biology
Sciences
Biology MS
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Smith, Kathryn Enga Louise. "Movements and habitat use of the Santa Rosa beach mouse (Peromyscus polionotus leucocephalus) in a successional dune mosaic." [Gainesville, Fla.]: University of Florida, 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0000793.
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Ray, Kacy Lyn. "Factors affecting Wilson's Plover (Charadrius wilsonia) demography and habitat use at Onslow Beach, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30996.
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The Wilson’s Plover (Charadrius wilsonia) is a species of concern in most southeastern U.S. coastal states, where it breeds and winters. The U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan listed this species as a Species of High Concern (Prioritization Category 4), and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has designated it as a Bird of Conservation Concern (BCC). Despite its conservation status, Wilson’s Plover population trends are poorly understood and little research has been conducted examining habitat factors affecting this species’ breeding and foraging ecology. I collected Wilson’s Plover demographic data and explored which habitat characteristics influenced breeding success and foraging site selection among three coastal habitat types (i.e. fiddler crab (Uca spp.) mud flats, beach front, and interdune sand flats) at Onslow Beach, Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina, 2008-2009. I observed little difference between years in nest success (≥ 1 egg hatched), failure, and overall nest survival. The majority of nest failures were caused by mammalian predators. For those nests that hatched successfully, greater proportions were located in clumped vegetation than on bare ground or sparsely vegetated areas. In-season chick survival for both years was higher for nests that hatched earlier in the season, and for nests farthest from the broods’ final foraging territory. Productivity estimates (chicks fledged per breeding pair) were not significantly different between years (0.88 ± 0.26 fledged/pair in 2008, 1.00 ± 0.25 fledged/pair in 2009) despite a shift in foraging behavior, possibly related to habitat alterations and availability in 2009. My findings indicate that Wilson’s Plover adults and broods were flexible in establishing final foraging territories; in 2008 all final brood foraging territories were on fiddler flats while in 2009, final foraging territories were sometimes split between fiddler flats, beach front, and interdune sand flats. For those Wilson’s Plovers establishing territories on fiddler flats, area of the flat was the most important feature explaining use versus non-use of a particular flat; area ≥ 1250 m² was preferred. Close proximity to water and vegetative cover were also important habitat features in foraging site selection on fiddler crab mud flats, and in all habitat types combined. My findings will directly contribute to population and habitat research goals outlined in the U.S. Shorebird Plan and will supplement limited data about foraging and habitat use related to Wilson’s Plover breeding ecology.Master of Science
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Lipsitz, Brian Lewis. "A Comparison of the Relative Sediment Transport of Quartz and Aragonite Sand for Use as Beach Renourishment Materials in South Florida." NSUWorks, 1987. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/365.
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An evaluation of the relative rates of sediment transport of an oolitic aragonite sand and a quartz quarry sand as possible beach renourishment materials has been conducted. When comparing equal volumes, the aragonite experienced less transport than the quartz in both the longshore and in the onshore-offshore directions. When comparing equal size fractions, in sizes 0.35mm and smaller, aragonite was less transportable. The quartz was less transportable in the sizes greater than 0.35mm. This trend was observed in two separate experiments and is attributed to the effective density ratio of aragonite to quartz, dissimilarities in roundness and sphericity, and to differential entrainment and transport of these materials in suspension and bed load within the confines of the inherent bed roughness.
The effective density ratio of aragonite to quartz is highest in the smaller grain sizes and decreases with increasing grain size because the larger aragonitic grains possess fewer oolitic lamellae per grain and resemble their initial biogenic nucleus. In the smaller size fractions where suspension transport is thought to predominate, a larger quartz grain is hydraulically equivalent to a smaller aragonite grain due to the greater density of the aragonite. The aragonite has a higher settling velocity out of suspension and it is less entrainable, due to sheltering effects in the bed matrix allowing a lower position in the velocity profile and a larger reactive angle to the flow. As grain size increases above 0.35mm, the density of the aragonite approaches that of the quartz. The principle of hydraulic equivalence suggests that for two materials of similar density, there should be no difference in the entrainment and transportability between equal size fractions. The preferential transport of the aragonite relative to the quartz in the size fractions greater than 0.35mm is attributed to the difference in their shape, where the rounder aragonite is more easily rolled in traction as the size of both the aragonite and quartz exceed the background bed roughness.
The physical characteristics of aragonite indicate that it has a hydraulic behavior similar to a quartz sand of a slightly larger size. If renourishment is undertaken on John U. Lloyd Beach with aragonite, the most probable source material would be a mining stockpile (mean size 0.52mm) from Ocean Cay in the Bahamas. Based on a theoretical (mean size only) method of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, utilization of this stockpile material would reduce the erosion rate on Lloyd Beach by 10%. The results of my study indicate that beach losses could be further reduced by using this aragonite due its higher density. Secondary characteristics such as density and shape of the renourishment material manifest themselves differently in the suspension and bed load modes of transport and should be considered when choosing a borrow source. Additional transport studies need to be done utilizing larger volumes of material and monitored over a longer time interval.
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Brownell, Miriam J. "Use of BOX-PCR Subtyping of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. to Determine the Source of Microbial Contamination at a Florida Beach." Scholar Commons, 2006. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3925.
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Siesta Key Beach, located on the Gulf Coast of Florida, is frequently mentioned among the top ten beaches in the US. In summer 2004, high levels of indicator bacteria caused health warnings to be posted, and a storm drainage system was implicated as a possible source of microbial contamination. A study was initiated to determine whether indicator bacteria that persisted in the stormwater system could contribute to high microbial loads in receiving waters. Two sampling events, one within 48 hours of a rain event and the other during dry conditions, were conducted. Water and sediment samples were taken at various sites from the storm drainage system to the beach. Fecal coliforms and Enterococcus spp. were enumerated, and genotypic fingerprints of E. coli and Enterococcus spp. were generated by BOX-PCR. Diversity of E. coli and Enterococcus populations was calculated with the Shannon-Weiner diversity index. Similarity of E. coli and Enterococcus populations was calculated with the population similarity coefficient.
After the rain event, levels of fecal coliforms and Enterococcus spp. were high in sediments and exceeded the regulatory standard for all water samples. In dry conditions, levels were lower in water samples, but still high in sediment samples. Significantly greater population diversity was observed in the rain event compared to the dry event for both E. coli and Enterococcus populations, and greater population similarity was vi observed in dry conditions. Enterococcus population diversity was significantly higher in untreated sewage and the Siesta Key rain event when compared to dry conditions, and to a site on the Myakka River (no known human input or urban stormwater runoff). Siesta Key populations in dry conditions were most similar to Myakka, and sewage was the least similar to all other populations.
Increased population similarity for E. coli and Enterococcus spp. during dry conditions suggests that a portion of the population is composed of “survivor” isolates. Persistence of survivor isolates in the storm drainage system, where urban runoff can sit for days, suggests a reservoir for indicator bacteria that can be flushed through the system to the Gulf, causing high levels of indicator bacteria in receiving waters.
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Wildman, John C. "Laboratory Evaluation of Recycled Crushed Glass Cullet for Use as an Aggregate in Beach Nourishment and Marsh Creation Projects in Southeastern Louisiana." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2565.
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To combat the rapid degradation of the Louisiana coast, the Louisiana Coastal Protection and Restoration Authority has planned strategic land building initiatives throughout the Louisiana Gulf coast, including beach nourishment and marsh creation projects. It is commonly agreed that the state lacks sufficient renewable sediment resources to maintain the planned CPRA land building program. However, Louisiana, the state that commonly ranks last in state recycling percentage, recycles an estimated 0.6% of the waste glass consumed in the state. Glass is predominantly silica sand. This thesis evaluates laboratory‑determined characteristics of recycled crushed glass cullet to assess its suitability as a renewable aggregate for beach nourishment and marsh creation projects. Specifically, the research herein evaluates geotechnical and settling characteristics of recycled crushed glass cullet produced in Pearl River, Louisiana. Additionally, this research evaluates the effects on beach nourishment and marsh creation design parameters of blending this material with Gulf coastal sediments.
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Tucker, R. Forrest. "The use of life cycle costing for the acquisition of non-major systems at the Naval Regional Contracting Center, Detachment, Long Beach, CA." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/24089.
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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimitedThe use of Life Cycle Costing (LCC) has many potential benefits for the Government. These benefits range from reduced total ownership costs to increased reliability to improved maintainability. However, prior to applying the LCC technique, an analysis should be conducted to determine its usefulness. Consequently, the purpose of this thesis is to assess the applicability of the LCC concept to the purchase of non-major systems at the Naval Regional Contracting Center (NRCC) Detachment, Long Beach. The primary method of achieving this objective was through modifying the Graham LCC Decision Model for Spare Parts so that the Model could evaluate the usefulness of LCC for the purchase of a particular non-major system. Through the use of the Modified Graham LCC Decision Model, telephone and personal interviews, and a thorough literature review, the researcher found the usefulness of Life Cycle Costing for the acquisition of non-major systems at the NRCC, Detachment to be very limited.
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MACÊDO, Amanda Florêncio de. "A Reestruturação do Litoral de Ipojuca - PE a partir do imobiliárioturístico: o uso do espaço público das faixas de praias." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/18496.
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FACEPE
O tema desta Dissertação de Mestrado tem como objeto central as mudanças socioespaciais observadas no litoral de Ipojuca, na última década, que trata por consolidar este como local de interesse privilegiado dos setores imobiliário e turístico em Pernambuco. Isso é percebido a partir da implantação dos grandes empreendimentos imobiliários vinculados ao turismo que vêm alterando o uso e apropriação dos espaços públicos de praia. O processo a ser analisado se insere na esfera de mudanças que ocorrem, a partir da segunda metade do século XX, no quadro econômico mundial, em que o turismo, mobilizando fluxo de serviços, capitais e população, destaca-se como uma das atividades mais dinâmicas da economia no contexto do processo de globalização. No Brasil, a partir da década de 1990, essas mudanças são retratadas na reestruturação espacial do litoral nordestino com o advento do turismo como atividade central, definindo novos padrões de relações com o setor imobiliário. Tais mudanças têm suas bases na política nacional implementada a partir do ano de 1990 por investimentos públicos no âmbito do Programa de Desenvolvimento Turístico do Nordeste – PRODETUR-NE. No litoral de IpojucaPE, esse processo teve início no ano 2000, quando empreendimentos imobiliário-turísticos foram implantados de modo concentrado na praia de Muro Alto, estabelecendo um novo padrão de uso das faixas de praia, que apesar de se constituírem de domínio público, passam a ter um uso e apropriação predominantemente privados.Iniciando com a análise do processo de ocupação – transformação dos moldes de segunda residência tradicional para a segunda residência vinculada ao imobiliário-turístico no município de Ipojuca, na década de 2000-10, este trabalho tem como objetivo central analisar as mudanças no uso das faixas de praia, procurando explicitar como esta nova forma de ocupação espacial voltada para um público específico (classe média alta e alta) gera ambientes excludentes, segmentados. Orientado por bases conceituais desenvolvidas por Michel de Certeau, o estudo focaliza as ações espontâneas da população, suas práticas cotidianas, frente às atitudes de dominação impostas aos espaços de praia por parte dos administradores e proprietários dos Resorts e empreendimentos imobiliário-turísticos. A partir dos diferentes comportamentos dos usuários desse espaço de domínio público, este estudo procura contribuir para o debate sobre o espaço da faixa de praia enquanto bem público de uso comum, porém submetido a diversas estratégias de poder para privatização de seu uso.
The theme of this Mastery Degree's dissertation has as central objective the sociospatial changes observed in Ipojuca's coast, in the last decade, consolidating this area as privileged interesting by the real estate and tourism sectors in Pernambuco. This is noticed by the implantation of large businesses linked to the tourism which has been changing the use and appropriation of the public spaces on the beach. The process to be analyzed is inserted into the sphere of changes that occur, since the second half of the 20th Century, in the world's economic scene, where the tourism, mobilizing service's flow, capitals and production, stands as one of the most dynamic activities of the economy in the globalization process' context. In Brazil, from the 90's, these changes are portrayed in the northeastern coast's spatial restructuring with the tourism becoming the central activity, defining new standards in the relationship with the real estate sector. These changes have their bases in a national policy, implemented in 1990, for public investment under the “Northeast Tourism Development's Program” - PRODETUR-NE. In Ipojuca-PE's coast, this process began in 2000, when estate-tourism ventures were implanted in a concentrated way in Muro Alto, establishing a new standard of usage in the coastal strip, which although being public, became to be used and appropriated as private. Starting with the analysis of the occupation process – change of the traditional second home's molds to the second home linked with the estate-tourism in Ipojuca's county, in the 2000-10's decade, this work has as central objective the analysis of the usage changes in the beach strip, seeking to explain how this new spatial occupation form directed to a specific population (upper and upper middle class) generates exclusionary ambients, targeted. Oriented by Michel de Certeau's concept bases, focuses the population's spontaneous actions, its day-life practices, against the domination attitudes imposed to the beach strip by the administrators and owners of the Resorts and estatetourism ventures. From the different behaviors presented by the users of this public space, this study seeks to contribute to the debate about the beach strip area as public property, however subjected to several privatization strategies to its use.
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Ahr, Bonnie J. "Habitat selection and utilization of white croaker (Genyonemus lineatus) in the Los Angeles and Long Beach harbors and the development of predictive habitat use models." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591586.
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White croaker (Genyonemus lineatus) are a sentinel fish species for contamination due to their direct interaction with contaminated sediments through benthic foraging. White croaker within the Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbor exhibited hierarchical habitat selection: avoiding dredged areas while selecting for areas of high sediment total organic carbon (4.8–8.1%), high polychaete density (406–700 polychaetes/0.1 m2), and small sediment grain size (<23.5 µm). Model results suggest that these fish are moving into shallower waters at night to forage and may refuge more during the day to avoid predation. The predictive model for white croaker habitat use indicated three important areas of use within the LA-LB Harbor: Consolidated Slip, Inner LB Harbor, and Fish Harbor. The areas containing the most preferable habitat to white croaker are also areas of high sediment contamination, and thus are the likely locations where these fish are acquiring contaminants.
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Morgan, Robert. "Beach user opinions and the development of a beach quality rating scale." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1996. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/beach-user-opinions-and-the-development-of-a-beach-quality-rating-scale(cc50a678-e1d9-4fc9-ac7b-dda6e37b1925).html.
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As a pilot study into questionnaire investigation of beach user opinions and perceptions, a survey was conducted of users of four beaches (Southerndown, Nash, Ogmore and Llantwit), at the Glamorgan Heritage Coast, Wales. Beach perceptions were assessed in terms of socio-demographics, psychological parameters (Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and related to the existing beach environment. Few changes to general facility provision could be recommended, but a number of management recommendations were made. Beach user gender, socio-economic status, planned length of stay and anxiety/neuroticism level were shown by discriminant function analysis to influence beach selection. A beach rating scheme was developed, based on a novel beach user questionnaire/checklist system. This questionnaire was used to interview users (n = 859) at 23 randomly selected Welsh beaches with regard to preferences/priorities for a wide range of beach aspects. Questionnaire data analysis generated scores which could be applied to checklists appropriate to other beaches of various commercialisation levels. Seventy Welsh beaches were assessed, producing scores from 39% (Porthcawl - Trecco Bay) to 69% (Broadhaven, S. Pembs. and Pembray). Landscape was assessed by panel judgements of a video panorama sequence, with scores for this aspect ranging from 19% (Prestatyn) to 80% (Broadhaven, S. Pembs.). The rating scheme took into account a larger number of beach aspects (47) than any beach award/recommendation in common use in the UK. It successfully took account of differing beach user preferences/priorities for various beach aspects and also the differing beach user demands at commercialised as opposed to undeveloped beaches. Many differences in beach user preferences/priorities were observed according to differences in stated preferred beach type, many of which could be important for management. In addition, pilot scale studies were undertaken at the Costa Dorada, Spain and on the Turkish Aegean Coast. For the latter, beach rating was also carried out. Future studies aiming to use stated perceptions, preferences and priorities of beach users to guide management should take account of possible influences such as beach user familiarity, expectation, cultural background and past experience. Much further work is required to develop beach user questionnaires to investigate aspects of beach user perception. Future rating exercises based on beach user preferences/priorities should take account of the need for beaches to meet minimum standards for the most important (as identified by beach users), beach aspects, in order to achieve a high rating or grade. The limitations of beach user surveys in terms of sampling difficulties need to be addressed. For valid management decision support, other stakeholders such as residents, tourist trade workers and those choosing not to visit beaches in particular areas need to be reached using other investigative methodologies.
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Chang, Yao-Jen. "An Investigation into Considerations for the Design of IS to Improve the Utility of the Use of the Co-alignment Model: An Integration of Strategy and IT as A Coordination Strategy Framework - A Case Study of Virginia Beach." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28464.
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As competition has changed and made the environment more dynamic and complex for the hospitality and tourism industry, the concept of strategic management has become more important. However, under the force driving change of technology innovation, information has gone digital and electronic for business development and management. Adopting information technology (IT) for strategic management becomes an important issue for an organization.
The co-alignment model is believed to be one of the effective models for the purposes of strategic management in the field of hospitality and tourism. The primary objective of this study was to investigate important considerations for the design of an information system (IS) to improve the utility of the model. Once the important considerations are taken into account for constructing the system, such an IS is expected to facilitate the information flows associated with the co-alignment model and further work in concert with the model to strengthen the processes of strategy formulation and implementation. Together, the co-alignment model and the IS can be viewed as a Coordination Strategy Framework which also has theoretical underpinning from the review of the literature of strategy, hospitality and tourism, management information system (MIS), computer science (CS), and information science.
Because this research topic or its similar kind has not been studied in the field of hospitality and tourism, this study is exploratory in nature. A qualitative research approach adopting a single-case study method was used. Using the co-alignment model as one of its theoretical supports along with other techniques to collect and test the interview data, the study achieved reliability and validity of the research findings.
As a major part of the conclusions of this study, the findings are the important considerations for the design of the future IS. They included the seven key issues in five dimensions, eleven recommendations, and ten propositions that explained the relationships among the managerial aspects implicated in the framework implementation, especially the interactions between the future IS and the co-alignment model. Furthermore, as the framework is an integration of a strategy model and an IT application, it also gives a new perspective to the term "strategic IT" that denotes the strategic use of IT.Ph. D.
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Elko, Nicole A. "Storm-influenced sediment transport gradients on a nourished beach." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001576.
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Silva, Manuela Gavazza da. "Geoindicadores de erosão e acumulação das praias do município de Aracaju." Pós-Graduação em Geociências e Análise de Bacias, 2014. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5386.
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The coastline of the city of Aracaju in Sergipe/Brazil, extending approximately for 24 km, is limited by the mouth of the Sergipe river in the north and the mouth of Vaza-Barris river in the south. In this work 7 beaches along Aracaju littoral were studied (Mosqueiro, Refúgio, Náufragos, Robalo, Aruana, Atalaia and Artistas), comprising 24 sampling points. The purpose of this dissertation is to outline the erosion and accretion processes of the Aracaju coastal area by using geoindicators of coastal erosion and accretion. The methodology included field campaigns over rainy (Aug/12) and dry (Feb/13) seasons, spatial geoindicators data, human settlement mapping and the development of coastal erosion vulnerability and risk maps using the ArcGIS 9.3.1 program. The Aracaju coastal area is characterized by beaches (ocean and estuary), surrounded by Quaternary sedimentary deposits predominantly from wind (foredune) and, by anthropogenic containment structures against coastal erosion. The erosion process is more effective on the beaches situated in contiguous areas to the mouths of Sergipe River ( Praia dos Artistas ), Vaza-Barris River ( Praia do Mosqueiro ) and in the middle of the beach arc ( Praia do Refúgio and Praia dos Náufragos , in the rainy season). The settlement level is high on the beaches of Praia da Atalaia , Praia dos Artistas , and non-existent on the beach of Praia do Mosqueiro . The coastal erosion vulnerability is high to moderately high on the beaches of Praia dos Artistas , Praia do Mosqueiro , Praia do Refúgio , Praia dos Náufragos , Praia da Aruana and Praia da Atalaia ; and moderately low to low in the other beaches. Depending on the coastal erosion vulnerability index and the human settlement level, the risk of coastal erosion is high on the beach of Praia dos Artistas and moderately high on the beaches of Praia do Refúgio , Praia dos Náufragos and Praia da Atalaia ; and moderately low to low in the other beaches. Although the coast of Aracaju pointed out a high risk just on the beach Praia dos Artistas , attention should be given to areas most vulnerable to erosion due to the intensification of human settlement over recent decades. The results of this study provide baseline information for environmental planning in the area analyzed, especially with regard to the human settlement near to the shoreline.O litoral do município de Aracaju, Sergipe, com cerca de 24 km de extensão, é limitado a norte pela desembocadura do rio Sergipe e a sul pela desembocadura do rio Vaza-Barris. Neste trabalho foram estudadas 7 praias do litoral de Aracaju (Mosqueiro, Refúgio, Náufragos, Robalo, Aruana, Atalaia e Artistas), totalizando 24 pontos amostrais. O objetivo dessa dissertação de mestrado é caracterizar o processo de erosão e de acumulação do litoral do município de Aracaju através da utilização de geoindicadores de erosão e de acumulação costeira. A metodologia incluiu campanhas de campo no período chuvoso (agosto/2012) e no período seco (fevereiro/2013), espacialização dos dados de geoindicadores, e mapeamento da ocupação humana e elaboração dos mapas de vulnerabilidade e risco à erosão costeira no programa ArcGis 9.3.1. O litoral de Aracaju caracteriza-se por apresentar praias, oceânicas e de desembocadura, bordejadas por depósitos sedimentares quaternários, predominantemente de origem eólica (dunas frontais), e por estruturas antrópicas de contenção à erosão costeira. O processo erosivo é mais efetivo nas praias situadas nas áreas contíguas às desembocaduras dos rios Sergipe (Praia dos Artistas) e Vaza-Barris (Praias do Mosqueiro), e no meio do arco praial (Praias do Refúgio e dos Náufragos, no período chuvoso). O nível de ocupação é alto nas praias da Atalaia e dos Artistas, e inexistente nas praias do Mosqueiro. A vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira é alta a moderadamente alta nas praias dos Artistas, do Mosqueiro, do Refúgio, dos Náufragos, da Aruana e da Atalaia; e moderadamente baixa a baixa nas demais praias. Em função do grau de vulnerabilidade à erosão costeira e do nível de ocupação humana, o risco à erosão costeira é alto na praia dos Artistas e moderadamente alto nas praias do Refúgio, dos Náufragos e da Atalaia; e moderadamente baixo a baixo nas demais praias. Apesar do litoral de Aracaju apresentar risco elevado apenas na praia dos Artistas, atenção deve ser dada nas áreas mais vulneráveis à erosão em função da intensificação do processo de ocupação humana ocorrida nas últimas décadas. Os resultados deste estudo fornecem subsídios ao planejamento ambiental da área investigada, principalmente no que diz respeito à ocupação humana próxima à linha de costa.
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Roberts, Tiffany M. "Limits of beach and dune erosion in response to wave runup from large-scale laboratory data." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002514.
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Johnson, Luanne PhD. "The Behavioral Ecology and Population Characteristics of Striped Skunks Inhabiting Piper Plover Nesting Beaches on the Island of Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1463581942.
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Gunawardena, Yohama Himali. "Data-based Aanlysis and Modelling of the Beach Morphology at Duck, North Carolina, USA." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518194.
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Ko, Man-yan Fanny, and 高文欣. "A review of the indicators used for monitoring beach water quality in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31254573.
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Pease, Brent Steven. "SUMMER HABITAT USE BY A MAMMAL COMMUNITY OF AN OAK-DOMINATED ECOSYSTEM IN THE CENTRAL HARDWOOD REGION." OpenSIUC, 2017. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2188.
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In the greater Central Hardwood Region, advance regeneration of oak (Quercus spp.) and hickory (Carya spp.) has been in decline for several decades. Facilitated in part by an abrupt change in disturbance regime, coupled with an increase in herbivore density, the existing mid-successional, mast-producing species are being outcompeted by late-successional, mesophytic species. Oak-hickory forests provide keystone resources for a diverse forest wildlife community, and a decline in its dominance will likely impact habitat use and occupancy patterns in the mammal community, but to what extent is unclear. During May-August 2015-2016, I deployed 150 remotely-triggered camera traps in Trail of Tears State Forest (TTSF), Union County, Illinois to investigate single-season, site occupancy patterns and detection probabilities as a function of forest composition and structure for 3 mammals (eastern gray squirrel [Sciurus carolinensis], raccoon [Procyon lotor], and white-tailed deer [Odocoileus virginianus]). I collected microhabitat data at each camera-site and utilized a GIS application to estimate spatial relationships among anthropogenic features and camera-sites. I recorded 404 photographs of 11 endothermic species during 3927 days of survey effort, with white-tailed deer, raccoons, and eastern gray squirrels as the most detected species, respectively. Detection probability of eastern gray squirrels was best explained by the global detection model, indicating no covariate measured explained the variation in detection rates. Raccoon detection probability was best described by a negative relationship with the average temperature recorded during survey period. The best-fitting detection model for white-tailed deer indicated detection probabilities declined throughout the sampling period and across seasons. Eastern gray squirrel site occupancy models received little support, however, ecological land type phase was the most supported model. The best fitting habitat model described a negative relationship between eastern gray squirrel site occupancy probability and coarse woody debris volume. For raccoons, no model with habitat covariates was better fitting than the null model. Raccoon occupancy probability increased with maximum DBH at a site, ground cover, and beech-maple importance values, but decreased with oak-hickory importance values. White-tailed deer occupancy was most positively influenced by ground cover and oak-hickory importance values, but decreased with distance to forest edge, number of understory stems, and beech-maple importance values. My research provides empirical evidence to predictions made regarding the impact of a decline in oak dominance across the Central Hardwood region on a portion of the region’s mammal community. Shifts to late-successional conditions in the Central Hardwood region will likely continue and magnify if forest management approaches continue to minimize the frequency and occurrence of large, anthropogenic disturbances to the forest overstory. A mosaic of forest conditions will be needed to best support a diverse and complete mammal community across the region.
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Pinzone, Judy Ann DeCandis. "A study of the principles and procedures used in creating the Long Island Arts Museum for Students /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1987. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/10734557.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1987.Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: William J. Mahoney. Dissertation Committee: David W. Baker. Bibliography: leaves 131-138.
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Saeedy, Neda Eva. "IN-GROUND PLASTIC HINGE ANALYSIS FOR PILES USED IN MARINE OIL AND LNG TERMINALS." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2013. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/949.
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The design and maintenance of Marine Oil and LNG Terminals is governed by the Marine Oil Terminal Engineering and Maintenance Standards (MOTEMS) which is part of the 2010 Title 24 California Code of Regulations, Part 2, California Building Code, Chapter 31F: Marine Oil Terminals. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the current recommendations for the in-ground plastic hinge length and depth for piles in section 7 of MOTEMS for all typical soil properties and pile dimensions found in Marine Oil and LNG Terminals. The pile types considered in this analysis are 24-inch octagonal prestressed concrete piles and 24-, 36-, and 48-inch steel pipe piles in varying soil conditions.
Existing recommendations for plastic hinges are incomplete and inadequate. MOTEMS does not have any recommendations for plastic hinge depth, only length, nor does it have any recommendations for in-ground plastic hinge for steel piles. Recommendations for steel piles are however found in the Port of Long Beach Wharf Design Criteria (POLB), but the recommendations in both MOTEMS and POLB have shown to be inadequate for both steel and prestressed concrete piles. MOTEMS also proves to be adequate for Level 2 earthquakes but not for Level 1. The plastic hinge length for Level 1 is much longer than that for Level 2. So the MOTEMS recommendations for Level 1 lead to conservatively small displacement capacity. POLB recommendations are also adequate for Level 2 but not Level 1 for concrete and are overly conservative for steal and therefore, not adequate for either level except in dense and medium sands during a Level 1earthquake. POLB does not take into account different soil characteristics and has one value for all soils, which is inadequate for most cases.
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TARDELLI, GABRIEL CALIL MAIA. "FISHERMAN S PLACE: USES, APPROPRIATIONS AND CONFLICT AROUND A FISHING SHED AT PIRATININGA BEACH - NITERÓI (RJ)." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=30531@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
O foco desta dissertação recai sobre os múltiplos usos e apropriações de um espaço - o barracão de pesca - através de uma situação específica: o conflito envolvendo pescadores que exercem diferentes artes de pesca e barraqueiros, na Praia de Piratininga, em Niterói (RJ). Primeiramente, a partir do trabalho de campo, descrevo a localidade e os atores envolvidos, assim como as disputas que ocorrem na praia, sobretudo com a aproximação do verão. Em um segundo momento, tento responder, com o auxílio de conceitos e teorias, as questões suscitadas pela pesquisa empírica, que dizem respeito à noção de espaço público no Brasil, as representações sobre a praia, os interesses em jogo e os sentidos atribuídos a esse lugar. Finalizo com uma análise interpretativa do conflito que permeia a estrutura política do grupo e dos mecanismos utilizados para administrá-lo.
The focus of this master thesis lies on the multiple uses and appropriations regarding a space - the fishing shed - through a specific situation: the conflict involving fishermen who practice different fishing gear and barraqueiros, in Piratininga Beach, Niterói, RJ. Firstly, from the fieldwork, I describe the locality and the actors involved, as well as the disputes that occur on the beach, especially as summer approaches. Posteriorly, I try to answer, through concepts and theories, the questions raised by empirical research, regarding the notion of public space in Brazil, the representations about the beach, the interests at stake and the meanings attributed to that place. Finally, I conclude with an interpretive analysis of the conflict that is present in the political structure of the group and the mechanisms used to manage it.
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Downing, Jason J. "Effects of a commercially available energy drink on anaerobic performance." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003083.
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Hommel, Robert. "The interrelation of carbon and water balance in beech-dominated forests." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17536.
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Aktuelle Klimamodelle prognostizieren, dass viele bedeutendeWaldregionen in Mitteleuropa zukünftig einer steigenden Frequenz und höheren Intensität von Dürreperioden ausgesetzt sein werden. Buchendominierte Wälder bilden einen wichtigen Bestandteil dieser Waldregionen. Der Mangel hinsichtlich der Wasserversorgung ist eine der wichtigsten limitierenden Faktoren für das Wachstum der Pflanzen sowie der damit verbundene reduzierte Zugewinn an Kohlenstoff. Ein weiterer bedeutender Stressfaktor ist die Konkurrenz zwischen sowie innerhalb Pflanzengemeinschaften. Aufgrund dieser Tatsache ist es wichtig, die pflanzenphysiologischen Mechanismen während der Trockenheit sowie interspezifische und intra-spezifische Konkurrenz in buchendominierten Waldökosystemen zu verstehen. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht den Zusammenhang von Kohlenstoff- und Wasserhaushalt und deren Wechselwirkungen sowie die Transportwege während der Trockenheit auf unterschiedlichen räumlichen (Blattebene bis Bestandesebene) und zeitlichen (kurzfristig bis langfristig) Skalen. Insgesamt wurden sechs Arten ausgewählt (Fagus sylvatica, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Impatiens noli tangere, Mercurialis annua und Allium ursinum). Alle Arten haben verschiedene Strategien entwickelt, um Konkurrenz und Trockenstress zu bewältigen, zu verhindern oder zu tolerieren. In Abhängigkeit von der Trockenstressintensität wurden geringe Effekte, in der Mesophyllleitfähigkeit (gm), intrinsische Wassernutzungseffizienz (iWUE) sowie in der Transportmenge an neuen Assimilaten beobachtet.Current climate models predict that many important forest regions in Central Europe will experience increasing frequencies and severities of drought periods. Beech-dominated forests are an important part of these forest regions. Shortage in water supply is one of the most important limiting factors for growth of plants and thereby linked to a reduced carbon gain. Another key stressor is the competition between as well as within a plant communities. Due to this fact it is important to understand the plants physiological mechanisms during drought as well as inter-specific and intra-specific competition in beech dominated forest ecosystems. This present study documents the interrelation of carbon and water balance and the interactions of its pathways during drought on different spatial (leaf area to the stand level) and temporal scales (intra-annual to decadal). Six relevant species were selected in total (tree species: Fagus sylvatica, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior and species from the understorey of beech dominated forests: Impatiens noli tangere, Mercurialis annua and Allium ursinum). All of them have developed various strategies to cope with competition and avoid or tolerate drought stress. Depending on the drought intensity (e.g. moderate realistic drought) small effects in mesophyll conductance (gm), intrinsic water use efficiency (iWUE) and amount of new assimilates within trees occurred.
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Griffin, Jason Allan. "DEVELOPMENT OF A RATING CLASSIFICATION FOR ROCK TO BE USED AS TOE-BENCH MATERIAL." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1215276554.
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Friis, Cecilie [Verfasser], Jonas Østergaard [Gutachter] Nielsen, Thilde Bech [Gutachter] Bruun, and Patrick [Gutachter] Meyfroidt. "Land use change in a globalised world / Cecilie Friis ; Gutachter: Jonas Østergaard Nielsen, Thilde Bech Bruun, Patrick Meyfroidt." Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1189329107/34.
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Alsarawi, Noura. "Design of Low Impact Development and Green Infrastructure at Flood Prone Areas in the City of Miami Beach, FLORIDA, USA." FIU Digital Commons, 2018. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3739.
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This thesis investigates the effectiveness of Low Impact Development Infrastructure (LIDI) and Green Infrastructure (GI) in reducing flooding resulting from heavy rainfall events and sea-level rise, and in improving stormwater quality in the City of Miami Beach (CMB). InfoSWMM was used to simulate the 5, 10, and 100-year, 24-hour storm events, total suspended solids (TSS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) loadings, and in evaluating the potential of selected LIDI and GI solutions in North Shore neighborhood.
Post-development results revealed a decrease of 48%, 46%, and 39% in runoff, a decrease of 57%, 60%, and 62% in TSS, a decrease of 82%, 82%, and 84% in BOD, and a decrease of 69%, 69%, and 70% in COD loadings. SWMM 5.1 was also used to simulate the king tide effect in a cross section in Indian Creek Drive. The proposed design simulations successfully demonstrated the potential to control flooding, showing that innovative technologies offer the city opportunities to cope with climate impacts. This study should be most helpful to the CMB to support its management of flooding under any adaptation scenarios that may possibly result from climate changes. Flooding could be again caused as a result of changes in inland flooding from precipitation patterns or from sea-level rise or both.
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Weber, Jessica M. (Jessica Marie). "Synthesis and use of bench-stable precatalysts with heck-type activation and progress towards the continuous-flow synthesis of atorvastatin." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122858.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry, 2019Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. Page 393 blank.
Includes bibliographical references.
[color illustrations] We introduce a new class of bench-stable N-heterocyclic carbene nickel precatalysts for homogeneous nickel-catalysis. The nickel(II) complexes are readily activated to Ni⁰ in situ under mild conditions, via a proposed Heck-type mechanism. The precatalysts are able to facilitate carbonyl-ene, hydroalkenylation, and amination reactions. [color illustrations] Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a new class of air- and moisture-stable triphenylphosphine nickel(II) precatalysts, which activate through a Heck-type mechanism. The activity of these precatalysts is demonstrated with a carbonyl-ene coupling reaction.
by Jessica M. Weber.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemistry
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Chen, Ching-Chih. "Use of foliar calcium to strontium ratios to partition soil calcium sources of American beech on two sites in Southern Québec." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103732.
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Forest ecosystems in southern Quebec have been exposed to high levels of atmospheric acid deposition for many decades. American beech (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), an acid-tolerant species, is increasing in abundance in the sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) dominated forest of southern Quebec. I therefore hypothesized that beech is better adapted than sugar maple to access the soil Ca in these forests. In my thesis, I partitioned the source of soil Ca by horizon/depth for beech foliage at two sites of contrasting soil fertility using a Ca/Sr approach. The discrimination of Ca over Sr by beech was determined by sampling seedlings and their extended rhizosphere (n = 40) on sites with large differences in Ca and Sr supply, as well as Ca/Sr ratios. With the discrimination function determined (R2=0.5, p<0.05), a study was conducted to determine if leaf Ca/Sr was independent of the height of sampling. Trees were sampled at three different heights (3, 6, and 13 m). Leaf Ca/Sr was found to be independent of the height of sampling in both sugar maple and beech (p = 0.67). Mature beech trees were sampled on a poor sandy ridge in the Morgan Arboretum (n = 22) and in the Hermine watershed in the Lower Laurentians (n =18). At both sites, soils were acidic with decreasing fertility with depth and low Ca/Al ratios. Beech was found to take up soil Ca primarily from the F horizon on both sites (> 60%) and the contribution from deeper soil horizons generally decreased with depth. The more superficial uptake of Ca by beech compared to sugar maple could provide it with a competitive advantage in terms of nutrition which could explain in part its increasing dominance in the Quebec landscape.La forêt du sud du Québec reçoit depuis plusieurs décennies des niveaux de déposition acide élevés. Le hêtre d'Amérique (Fagus grandifolia Ehrh.), une espèce adapté aux conditions de sol acide, a gagné en abondance dans la forêt du sud du Québec qui est dominé par l'érable à sucre (Acer saccharum Marsh.). J'ai donc émis l'hypothèse que le hêtre est mieux adapté que l'érable à sucre pour accéder au Ca du sol dans ces forêts. Dans ma thèse, j'ai partitionné la source de Ca du sol des feuilles du hêtre par horizon/profondeur à deux stations de fertilité différente au moyen de l'approche des ratios de Ca/Sr. La discrimination entre le Ca et le Sr par le hêtre a été déterminé en échantillonnant des semis avec leur rhizosphère (n = 40) sur des stations présentant des niveaux de Ca, Sr et Ca/Sr très différents. Une fois la fonction de discrimination établie (R2=0.5, p<0.05), une étude a été faite pour déterminer si les ratios de Ca/Sr dans les feuilles variaient avec la hauteur d'échantillonnage. Les arbres ont été échantillonnés à trois hauteurs (3, 6 et 13 m). Les ratios de Ca/Sr des feuilles s'est avéré indépendant de la hauteur d'échantillonnage chez l'érable à sucre et le hêtre (p = 0.67). Des hêtres matures ont ensuite été échantillonnés sur un sol sableux de l'Arboretum Morgan (n = 22) et dans le bassin de l'Hermine dans les Laurentides (n = 18). Les sols étaient acides avec des ratios Ca/Al bas aux deux stations et leur fertilité décroissait avec la profondeur. La source première de Ca pour les feuilles de hêtre est l'horizon F aux deux stations (> 60%) et la contribution des horizons plus profonds décroîent généralement avec la profondeur. L'absorption moins en profondeur du Ca du sol par le hêtre par rapport à l'érable à sucre pourrait être n avantage en terme de nutrition, ce qui pourrait expliquer en partie sa plus grande abondance dans les forêts du sud du Québec.
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Inkari, Simon. "L'equilibre exterieur dans les pays appartenant a une zone monetaire : cas des pays membres de la beac." Limoges, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990LIMO0414.
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Cette etude sur les pays de la beac (cameroun, centrafrique, congo, gabon, guinee equatoriale et tchad) consiste dans un premier temps a effectuer des tests d'homogeneite des differentes economies. Avec l'analyse des principaux indicateurs (production, croissance, prix. . . Etc), ces tests amenent a la conclusion suivante : les conditions necessaires et suffisantes de la mise en place de l'union monetaire de l'afrique centrale ne sont pas remplies. Celle-ci est donc prematuree. En deuxieme phase, nous etudions les balances des paiements des pays concernes par les modeles de l'analyse de l'equilibre exterieur (approche par les elasticites, approche de l'absorption, analyse monetaire de la balance des paiements). En derniere phase, nous examinons les problemes de competitivite prix par le calcul du taux de change selon la methode de la parite des pouvoirs d'achat. En resume des ajustements econometriques, les prix relatifs n'ont pas un impact decisif sur la politique commerciale des pays de la beac qui exportent exclusivement des matieres premieres. L'organisation monetaire uniforme appliquee aux situations economiques variees ne permet pas a la monnaie de jouer son veritable role de regulateur economique. .The countries of central africa (cameroon, central african republic, congo, gabon, equatorial guinee) are related by a monetary agreement which provided the same money and the same central bank for the all states. They form thus, a monetary area. But the countries are different; their economies are disparate. In this work we do the homogeneity text for the different economies. We conclude that the beac area is not based on the necessary and suffisant conditions of the monetary union in general. In the second case we do econometric study of the balance of payments; we use for that, the external equilibrium models (elasticy, absorption monetary analyse of balance of payments). These econometric models give us the possibility to measure the sensibility to devaluation of balance of trade, tehe effects of budgetary policy on the external balance and the efficacity of the monetary organization on the balance of payments. 1the last point consist of analyse price competitivity in the case of fixed changes. . .
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Patterson, John Edward. "A hurricane loss evaluation model (HURL) to quantify the relationships between hurricane forces and the damage inflicted upon residential structures in Kure Beach, North Carolina, USA." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/190.
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The scope of this research is to produce a single event model, the Hurricane Loss Evaluation Model (HURL), to evaluate the damage inflicted upon residential structures located in Kure Beach, NC, USA by a major hurricane. The investigation qualifies the relationships between the hurricane forces and the damage associated with the residential structures located in the coastal community. The subsequent results fills the voids of the present models by providing a model that is produced at minimal cost using public data and one that is able to provide a statistical damage evaluation tool. The examination of hurricane Fran provides the model with damage data, and measured storm levels. The current models, presented in three general categories; scales, single attribute and regional models, that fail to address the full needs of the community as these models are used to predict damage verses evaluating the damage caused by a hurricane. This research statistically evaluates the dynamic forces that are imposed upon a residential structure by major hurricanes. It is postulated that a series of attributes, that if identified, arranged and analysed will provide the necessary data to assist in mitigation procedures to refurbish existing structures and provide improved construction techniques for new structures. The application of historical references of previous hurricanes, the inclusion of the natural factors and built environment details complete the database that is tested against the damage levels of the structures investigated. The result of this thesis creates a damage evaluation model to provide data used to determine the damage inflicted by causal agents associated with a hurricane. The model evaluates eighteen elements developing a model that indicates that the interrelationships of the available data. The model will provide varying strengths indicting the preliminary mitigation elements for correction. This result of the model is beneficial to the inhabitants of Kure Beach, building contractors, inspectors, designers, the development of building codes, the state of North Carolina, and state and federal emergency management agencies.
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Imbert, Aurélia. "Vers une voie de valorisation du hêtre : synthèse de monomères furaniques biosourcés et furfurylation." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0333/document.
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Le hêtre est une essence très répandue sur le territoire français et plus particulièrement dans la région Grand-Est. Toutefois, son bois est peu exploité, notamment pour des utilisations en conditions extérieures en raison de sa faible durabilité et son instabilité dimensionnelle. Pour favoriser et développer son utilisation, il est nécessaire de le traiter afin de limiter sa reprise en humidité et de le protéger contre les champignons de pourriture. Par ailleurs, la réglementation actuelle sur les produits de traitement du bois impose la mise au point de solutions alternatives respectueuses de l’environnement et de la santé. Dans ce cadre, les travaux développés durant cette thèse visent la valorisation du hêtre en tant que matériau via sa protection par un traitement « non-biocide », la furfurylation. Cette méthode consiste à polymériser in situ de l’alcool furfurylique dans le bois de hêtre. La mise au point du procédé a permis d’aboutir à du hêtre composite dont la durabilité et la stabilité dimensionnelle sont nettement améliorées. D’autre part, le hêtre est une essence feuillue pour laquelle la fraction hémicellulosique est riche en pentoses et plus précisément en xylose, précurseur de furfural. Des travaux ont donc été menés pour produire du furfural par hydrodistillation acide à partir de connexes issus de l’industrie de la première transformation du hêtre. Le furfural a ensuite été réduit en alcool furfurylique par transfert d’hydrogène. Les résultats prometteurs obtenus montrent qu’il est possible de mettre en place une filière locale alliant le hêtre comme source de molécules furaniques et le bois de hêtre comme matériauBeech is a wood species present in the French territory, particularly in the Grand-Est region. However, beech is a under used wood, especially for outdoor uses, because it is non durability and it is dimensional unstability. To promote and develop its use, it is necessary to limit its recovery in moisture and treat to protect it against fungi decay. Futhermore, current regulation on wood treatment products imposes the development of alternative wood treatments more respectful of the environment and health. In this context, the work developed during this thesis is focused on valorisation of beech as a material through its protection by a “non-biocide” treatment, furfurylation. This method consists in an polymerisation in situ by heating a furfuryl alcohol solution into beech solid wood. The development of process led to a bio-based beech composite with significantly improved durability and dimensional stability.On the other hand, beech is a hardwood species in which the hemicellulosic fraction is rich in pentoses, and more precisely in xylose, precursor of furfural. Work has been done to produce furfural by acidic steam distillation, from beech primary wood processing by products. This molecule is then chemically reduced to furfuryl alcohol by hydrogen transfer.These promising results to show that it is possible to set up a local production combining beech as a local source of furanic molecules and beech wood as a solid material
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Kropáček, Ondřej. "Automatizované měřící pracoviště letecké rádiové stanice R-863." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219520.
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The aim of this thesis is design and realization of automatic test bench for parameters analysis of airborn radio-communication system R-863. Firstly we have taken up principles of the analysis properties of the radio system R-863. Then we proposed test bench for parameters analysis. In the next step we realize and integrate the digital control panel into the test bench. In harmony with the previous steps we have made program and software for the automatic test bench. Finally we make the user manual, which is easy to use.
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Linde, Tamara Causer. "Relational Database Analysis of Dated Prehistoric Shorelines to Establish Sand Partitioning in Late Holocene Barriers and Beach Plains of the Columbia River Littoral Cell, Washington and Oregon, USA." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1696.
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Studies of episodic shoreline accretion of the Columbia River Littoral Cell (CRLC) have been ongoing since 1964. In this study, the sediment volumes in the late Holocene barriers and beach plains are compiled and formatted in GIS compatible databases for the four sub-cells of the CRLC.
Initial evaluation involved the creation of a geodatabase of 160 dated retreat scarp positions, that were identified on across-shore GPR and borehole profiles. Ten primary timelines were identified throughout the CRLC (0-4700 ybp) and those were used to develop polygon cells. Elevation, distance measurements, and position information were all linked to the polygon through a centroid location within the geodatabase.
Once the geodatabase was completed, data was imported into MSAccessTM to create a relational database that would allow for examination of the littoral cell in its entirety or of the individual sub-cells. Within the database, sediment volumes, ages, accretion rates, sediment thicknesses, and timeline relationships were calculated and recorded.
Using the database, the accretion history of the Columbia River Littoral Cell was evaluated and this examination illustrated the complexity of the system. Northern littoral transport was shown to be an important factor in the development of the littoral cell as a whole. Total sediment volume in the littoral cell was calculated to be 1.74 x 109 m3, with a mean accretion rate of 1.90 x 104 m3/yr, which is significantly less than some previous studies. This is due to a more detailed analysis of the beach and foredune facies themselves. This is likely the result of the higher precision of beach and foredune surface information using LiDAR.
The database shows that the developmental history of the CRLC is dependent on temporal and spatial constraints that can be coupled with reverse modeling to predict shoreline erosion trends from impounded river sediments and potential global sea level rise. The North Beaches and Grayland Plains sub-cells have the greatest potential for future erosion; followed by the Clatsop Plains sub-cell.
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Himmelsbach, Jennifer Nicole. "Aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) as a biomass pretreatment method pilot-scale study with switchgrass, bench-scale use with poplar, and methane potential from anaerobic digestion of pretreated switchgrass /." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.
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Smit, Andre. "Development of a telerobotic test bench system for small-field-of-operation bilateral applications with 3D visual and haptic (kinaesthetic) feedback." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86516.
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Thesis (MScEng) Stellenbosch University, 2014ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Teleoperation as a field has seen much change since its inception in the early 1940s with Dr. Raymond Goertz producing the first teleoperation system for manipulating radioactive materials. With advances in core and supporting technologies, the systems have grown in complexity and capability, allowing users to perform tasks anywhere in the world irrespective of physical distance. The feasibility of such systems has increased as the drive for use of telepresence robots, exploration robots as in space exploration, search and rescue robots and military systems such as UAVs and UGVs gain popularity. This prompted the development of a proof of concept modular, user centred telerobotic system. The current project is the second iteration in the development process. Teleoperation and more specifically telerobotic systems pose a challenge for many system developers. This may be a result of complexity or the wide assortment of knowledge areas that developers must master in order to deliver the final system. Developers have to balance system usability, user requirements, technical design and performance requirements. Several developmental process models are considered in context of Engineering Management (EM). A larger Systems Engineering developmental process is used, with focus on the primary and supportive EM components. The author used a hybrid developmental model that is user focussed in its approach, the User-Centred Systems Design (UCSD) methodology was adopted as the primary model for application within the two distinct developmental categories. The first category hardware and system integration utilised the UCSD model as is. The second - Software development - relied on the use of agile models, rapid application development (RAD) and extreme programming (XP) were discussed with XP being chosen as it could easily incorporate UCSD principles in its development process. Hardware systems development consisted of mechanical design of end-effectors, configuration management and design, as well as haptic and visual feedback systems design for the overall physical system. Also included is the physical interface design of the input (master) cell. Further software development was broken into, three sections, the first and most important was the graphical user interface, haptic control system with kinematic model and video feedback control. The force following and matching characteristics of the system were tested and were found to show an improvement over the previous implementation. The force magnitude error at steady state was reduced by 10%. While there was a dramatic improvement in system response, the rise time was reduced by a factor 10. The system did however show a decrease in angular accuracy, which was attributed to control system limitations. Further human-factor analysis experiments were conducted to test the system in two typical use-case scenarios. The first was a planar experiment and the second a 3D placement task. The factors of interest identified were field-of-view, feedback vision mode, and input modality. Heuristic performance indicators such as time-to-completion and number of collisions for a given task were measured. System performance was only showed significant improvement when used with haptic control. This shows that the research into haptic control systems will prove to be valuable in producing usable systems. The vision factor analysis failed to yield significant results, although they were useful in the qualitative systems analysis. The feedback from post-experimentation questionnaires showed that users prefer the Point of View as a field of view and 2D viewing over 3D viewing, while the haptic input modality was preferred. The results from the technical verification process can be used in conjunction with insights gained from user preference and human-factor analysis to provide guidance for future telerobotic systems development at Stellenbosch University.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Telewerksverigting as ’n gebied het al vele veranderinge ondergaan vandat die eerste stelsels deur Dr. Raymond Goertz geimplementeer was in die vroeë 1940s vir die hantering van radioaktiewe materiale. Met vordering in kern en ondersteunende tegnologieë, het die telewerksverigtingstelsels toegeneem in kompleksiteit asook gevorder in vermoeënsvaardigheid, wat gebruikers in staat stel om take te verrig vanuit enige plek op aarde, ongeag die fisiese afstand wat die gebruiker en die werksarea skei. Die lewensvatbaarheid van hierdie stelsels het ook toegeneem weens die belangstelling in teleteenwoordigheidrobotte, ruimtevaardige-robotte, reddings-robotte en militêre-robotte soos onbemandelug- voertuie (OLV) en onbemande-grond-voertuie(OGV). As gevolg van die belangstelling in telerobotiese stelsels is die ontwikkeling van ’n modulêre, gebruikers-gesentreerde telewerksverigting stelsel onderneem. Die huidige projek is ’n tweede iterasie hiervan. Telewerksverigting, en meer spesifiek, telerobotika stelsels ontwikelling, vereis dat stelselontwikkelaars ’n verskeidenheid kennisareas bemeester. Die ontwikkelaar moet ’n belans vind tussen gebruiker vereistes, bruikbaarheid asook tegniese ontwerp en prestasie vereistes. Menigde ontwikkelingsproses modelle is oorweeg en behandel in die konteks van Ingenieursbestuur (IB). ’n Stelselsontwikkeling proses is gevolg met ’n fokus op primêre en ondersteunende IB komponente. ’n Gemengde ontwikkeling is toegepass tot die projek wat die gebruiker as ’n hoof komponent van die stelsel in ag neem. Die oorhoofse ontwikkelingsmodel is die User-centred Systems Design (UCSD) proses, wat vir beide hardeware en sagteware ontwikkeling gebruik is. Vir die hardeware ontwikkeling is die UCSD toegepas soos dit uiteengesit is in die literatuur. Die sagteware ontwikkeling is voltooi met behulp van ratse metodes, “Rapid Application Development” RAD en “Extreme Programming” (XP) was oorweeg en XP was gekies as ontwikkelingsmodel. XP was die natuurlike keuse weens die gemak waarmee UCSD metodes en prinsiepe kon geinkorporeer word in die ontwikkelings proses. Hardeware onwikkeling het bestaan uit meganiese ontwerp, manipulasiegereedskap ontwerp, konfigurasie bestuur en ontwikkeling asook haptiese en visueleterugvoer stelselsontwerp van die fisiese stelsel insluitend die fisiese koppelvlakontwerp van die meester sel. Verder is sagtewareontwerp opgedeel in ’n haptiesebeheerstel met ’n kinematiese model ontwikkeling, videoterugvoerbeheer en gebruikersintervlak ontwerp. Die vermoëe van die stelsel om krag insette na te boots was verbeter met ’n gestadigde verbetering van 10%. Die reaksietyd van die stelsel is verbeter met ’n faktor van 10. Die stelsel het ’n verswakking getoon in die algehele hoekakkuraatheid, die oorsprong van die verswakking kan aan die beheerstelsel teogeken word. Verdere menslikefaktoranalise eksperimente is voltooi om die stelsel in twee tipiese gebruikgeval scenario’s te toets. Die eerste, ’n platvlak-eksperiment en die tweede ’n 3D plasingingstaak eksperiment. Die faktore van belang is ïdentifiseer as, visie-veld, terugvoervisie modus en insette modaliteit. Heuristiese prestasie-aanwysers soos tyd-tot-voltooiing en die aantal botsings vir ’n gegewe taak is gemeet. Stelselprestasie het slegs aansienlike verbetering getoon wanneer die stelsel met die haptiesebeheer modus bedryf word. Die visiefaktor ontleding het geen noemenswaardige resultate opgelewer nie. Terugvoervorms was na elke eksperiment voltooi. Vraelyste het getoon dat gebruikers die oogpunt van ’n lae hoek en 2D video oor 3D video verkies, terwyl die haptic beheer modaliteit verkies word.
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Caplain, Bastien. "Etude expérimentale de l'érosion d'un massif de sable cohésif par une houle monochromatique." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0102/document.
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La plupart des côtes de la Terre reculent et 80% sont rocheuses. La prévision du recul des falaises littorales est primordiale afin d’anticiper les risques futurs pour les aménagements littoraux. Cependant, la compréhension de ce recul est difficile car de nombreux paramètres le contrôlent. Des expériences en canal à houle de petite échelle ont été effectuées où nous avons mis en place un massif de sable humide soumis à l’attaque des vagues par sapement. Le but est de comprendre comment l’effet des vagues contrôle l’érosion des falaises. La technique de mesure par ombroscopie a été employée et nous a permis de détecter la surface du sable et la surface libre en fonction du temps. Nous avons ainsi analysé l’influence du forçage des vagues (F, ξ) (où F est le flux d’énergie des vagues incidentes au large et ξ est le paramètre de similitude de “surf”) sur la vitesse de recul de la falaise et sur la profondeur des évènements d’effondrement. La vitesse de recul de la falaise augmente linéairement avec le flux d’énergie F. Les débris de falaise érodés changent la morphologie du fond, les types de morphologie du fond dépendent fortement du paramètre de similitude de “surf” au déferlement, ou encore du paramètre de Dean Ω. Des profils du fond instationnaires présentant une oscillation auto-entretenue de la barre sédimentaire ont été observés. Nous avons de plus étudié l’effet de la granulométrie du sable utilisé : pour un sable plus fin, la falaise est plus cohésive et s’effondre au cours d’évènements de plus grande ampleur. Etonnamment, le recul de la falaise est plus important pour du sable fin. Ceci est probablement dû à une modification de la morphologie du fond conduisant à une dissipation de l’énergie des vagues moins importante. Le volume de sable injecté dans le système a finalement été quantifié, la barre sédimentaire a d’abord été prélevée périodiquement et il a été observé que la vitesse de recul de la falaise vr est constante. Puis, la hauteur de falaise a été modifiée, le recul des falaises est plus important pour des petites falaises. Il semblerait que l’instationnarité d’un profil du fond se déclenche à partir d’un volume seuil de sable érodéMost of the Earth coasts recedes and 80 % are rocky. Prediction of sea-cliff recession is essential to anticipate future risks for coastal development. However, it is difficult to understand this recession because many parameters control it. In addition, both the space and time scales are too big for the different mechanisms of cliff erosion to be fully analysed. Experiments in a small-scale wave flume were conducted in which a massif made of wet sand is submitted to wave attack. The aim is to understand how cliff erosion is wave-controlled. The technique of shadow graph measurements was used to detect the time evolution of sand and water surfaces. We have analyzed the influence of wave forcing (F, ξ) (where F is the incident offshore wave energy flux and ξ is the surf similarity parameter) on the cliff recession rate and on collapse event size. The cliff recession rate increases linearly with the wave energy flux F. The eroded cliff materials change the bottom morphology ; the types of bottom morphology strongly depend on the surf similarity parameter at the breaker point, or the Dean parameter Ω. Bottom profiles characterized by unsteady self-sustained sandbar oscillation were observed. In addition, we studied how sand granulometry change the system evolution. Finer the sand is, more cohesive is the cliff and bigger are cliff collapses. Contrary to what was expected, cliff recession is more important for a finer sand : this could be due to a more dissipative bottom morphology built by fine sands. The sand volume within the system changes following cliff collapses and a sandbar removal during particular experiments. The cliff recession rate is constant when the sandbar is removed and decreases with cliff height. It seems that the unsteadiness of the bottom profile is activated when the volume of eroded sand exceeds a threshold value
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Küszter, Vincent. "Entwicklung eines mehrbenutzerfähigen projektionsbasierten VR-Systems und Untersuchung ausgewählter Aspekte der Nutzerinteraktion." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-195084.
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Virtuelle Realität (VR) wird seit Jahrzehnten in Industrie und Forschung sowie im Unterhaltungssektor genutzt.
Dabei sind die verwendeten VR-Systeme meist nur auf einen Nutzer ausgelegt, wodurch es für andere Betrachter zu perspektivischen Verzerrungen kommt.
Um mehreren Personen ein visuell gleichberechtigtes Nutzen des VR-Systems zu ermöglichen, muss jedem Nutzer eine individuelle Perspektive vermittelt werden.
Es wird ein Klassifikationsschema vorgestellt, anhand dessen für verschiedene Interaktionsszenarien Anforderungen für eine derartige Hardwareumsetzung ableitbar sind.
Um ausgewählte Aspekte der Mehrbenutzerinteraktionen zu untersuchen, wurde eine Prototypenplattform erstellt, mit der eine vielfältige Palette von Interaktionsszenarien für zwei Nutzer umgesetzt werden kann.
Eine parallel zu dieser Arbeit entstandene mehrbenutzerfähige Powerwall und eine Erweiterung dieser zu einer L-Bench wurden genutzt, um mit zwei Studien ausgewählte Aspekte der Interaktion mehrerer Benutzer in VR empirisch zu untersuchen.
Dazu wurden zwei Anwendungen kreiert: ein Puzzlespiel, welches eine Informationsasymmetrie zwischen den Nutzern simuliert, sowie ein Objekteinpassungsspiel, welches die Interaktion um eine körperliche Komponente erweitert.
Mit diesen wurde untersucht, welche Sichtwechselmetapher zur Auflösung der Asymmetrie am besten geeignet ist.
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Hommel, Robert [Verfasser], Arthur [Gutachter] Gessler, Ralf [Gutachter] Kätzel, and Thorsten [Gutachter] Grams. "The interrelation of carbon and water balance in beech-dominated forests : from leaf level water use efficiency to stand and area scale assessments / Robert Hommel. Gutachter: Arthur Gessler ; Ralf Kätzel ; Thorsten Grams." Berlin : Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1105526097/34.
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Tran, Van Dang. "Caractérisation et modélisation numérique des poutres en Bois Massif Reconstitué (BMR) réalisées avec une essence locale feuillue." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LORR0187/document.
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Les produits structuraux (poutres, poteaux…etc) en bois de hêtre reconstitué par collage, notamment le Bois Massif Reconstitué (BMR) présentent un fort potentiel tant au niveau de la performance mécanique que de la ressource disponible par comparaison aux essences résineuses. Par ailleurs, les normes européennes actuelles sont rédigées pour les essences résineuses et l’usage du bois de hêtre en structures est limité à la classe de service 1 et aux produits d’intérieur et d’ameublement. Le marché français montre une forte augmentation de l’importation de produits structuraux en bois reconstitué par collage, principalement d’Allemagne et d’Autriche. Au-delà du potentiel de résistance mécanique du hêtre, son utilisation comme bois d’œuvre contribuera positivement au bilan carbone pour l’environnement, par la réduction des transports des bois d’importation. Cependant, pour un usage structural, les produits en hêtre reconstitué par collage nécessitent de passer par une évaluation de leur performance, notamment la fiabilité des aboutages. Cette thèse présente une méthodologie expérimentale et numérique permettant l’analyse du comportement mécanique des poutres en BMR. La démarche a été appliquée avec succès dans le cadre de poutres constituées de 2 à 3 lamelles avec ou sans aboutages. Dans ce contexte, nous avons également réalisé une étude paramétrique pour étudier l’influence de plusieurs paramètres sur la résistance des aboutages. En fin, nous avons formulé le problème d’optimisation de la géométrie de l’enture multiple afin d’augmenter la résistance des aboutages et donc la résistance globale des poutres en BMRNowadays, adhesively reconstituted products made of beech timber appear to be of increasing interest for structural purposes due to its high strength/stiffness properties as compared to the most soft-wood species. Furthermore, beech timber is not recognized by most standards for structural uses and restricted to service class 1 and only the furniture, interior joinery and do-it-yourself sectors are still the major users. The French market shows great increasing imports of adhesively reconstituted structural products from Germany and Austria. Moreover, the use of local species, like beech, for the production of reconstituted structural elements could be better for the carbon balance, since it reduces import transportation. However, despite the high mechanical performance of beech timber, adhesively reconstituted products need to meet some requirements, such as the performance of finger-joints. This thesis presents experimental and numerical approaches to deal with the mechanical behaviour of adhesively reconstituted beech beams, for structural purposes. Two-layer and three-layer beams with or without finger-joints have been considered and successfully studied. In addition, a parametrical study has been undertaken to study the influence of several parameters on the mechanical resistance of finger-joints. We, finally, proposed an optimization of the finger-jointing geometry in order to increase the resistance of finger-joints
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Guyonnard, Valentin. "Dimensions cachées et attentes spatiales dans un espace de pratique de tourisme et de loisir : une analyse géographique de la plage en Charente-Maritime (France)." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LAROF001/document.
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Le littoral est en France le premier espace fréquenté pour des pratiques touristiques devant la ville, la montagne et l’espace rural. Cette attractivité pose la question de l’organisation et de la gestion des bords de mer dans un contexte de littoralisation des sociétés et de sensibilisation toujours plus importante des gestionnaires aux problématiques environnementales. Centrée sur une analyse micro-géographique de la plage en tant qu’espace récréatif, la thèse démontre et explique que l’organisation et le fonctionnement de cet espace, dépendent de logiques de l’interrelation et des attentes spatiales des usagers. Après un cadrage conceptuel, l’espace de pratique plage est analysé à travers les éléments qui caractérisent l’espace d’installation et la population de plageurs le fréquentant. Les dimensions cachées structurant les dynamiques et les formes de répartition des fréquentations sont ensuite abordées. Nous les analysons à l’échelle des individus et des groupes d’individus, puis à l’échelle de l’espace de pratique, à travers les distances entre les personnes et les densités d’occupation observées dans l’espace d’étude. La recherche aborde enfin la question des attentes spatiales sur la plage comme élément d’explication du fonctionnement de l’espace de pratique. Entre recherche de tranquillité ou de sociabilité, recherche d’espaces sauvages ou artificialisés, rapport ordinaire ou extra-ordinaire à la plage, cette thèse montre que les attentes spatiales jouent sur le choix des espaces d’installation et déterminent le niveau de confort et de satisfaction des pratiquants. Les principaux résultats de cette recherche permettent in fine de proposer un modèle de remplissage de la plage à destination des chercheurs et des gestionnairesIn France, coastline is considered as a major area for tourism and leisure practices and is ranked before city, mountain and rural areas. This tourism attraction questions coastal areas organization and management in a context of coastline development and growing awareness of environmental issues among their managers. Focused on a micro-geographical approach analyzing beaches as recreation areas, this thesis demonstrates and explains that beaches organization and functioning depend on interrelation logics and spatial expectations of beachgoers. This research begins with a conceptual framework before analyzing the beach practice area through the positioning space and population of beachgoers. Later, it identifies hidden dimensions structuring beaches spatiotemporal dynamics distribution attendancy based on both individual, group and practice area scales. These dimensions are composed of geographic distances between users and beach occupation density. Finally, this research analyzes spatial expectations of beachgoers that explain the beach functioning. Between looking for tranquility or sociability, natural or urbanized areas, ordinary or extra-ordinary relation to beach areas, this work demonstrates that spatial expectations influence user’s attitudes and locations alongside beaches, and determine comfort and user’s satisfaction degree. Main results of this research are presented in a beach filling model directed to researchers and beaches' administrators
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Al, Thunaian Saleh A. "Exploring the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the healthcare sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: Rhetoric and reality. Evaluate understanding the five perspectives of the BSC. Evaluating the understanding of linkage between the BSC and strategy of the hospital. The reality of the implementation of BSC in KFSH." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6290.
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This thesis aims to evaluate the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) based on a case organization; the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH-RC). The study is an exploratory investigation. Understanding BSC perspectives is important for academic comprehension and is crucial for successful implementation. BSC at KFSH-RC includes five main perspectives: Quality of Care; Medical Care; Employees; Financial; and Education and Research (learning and growth). The thesis tackles two main anecdotal, practice-based arguments: BSC helps achieve business strategy, and the implementation of BSC has often fallen short of the assertions made about its potential for impact. A case study with a triangulation approach is justified and pursued. This study contributes to the literature in different ways. The application of the BSC has received limited attention in healthcare organisations in general, and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in particular, and may be one of the first to explore such issues, across management and professional groups, to research BSC in the healthcare organisation in the KSA. It distinguishes between the understanding of financial and non-financial perspectives; and the researcher has developed a conceptual framework, which reflects the main elements of BSC implementation.
Quantitative data analysis from the case study indicates that staff members at the KFSH possess only a shallow understanding of various BSC perspectives. The study revealed a consistent lack of understanding of BSC by the department employees, due to their lack of interest. The results show that performance measures following the implementation of BSC created no significant improvement. It also confirms that even some senior managers face difficulties understanding BSC perspectives. The qualitative-based findings indicate that the level of understanding of BSC for clinical services is not significantly different from that for non-clinical services; staff members of the KFSH resist the implementation of BSC in the early stages; and there is ¿autocratic¿ leadership style at the KFSH inhibited the flow of information. The power distance and autocratic leadership style, in combination with an inadequate launch of BSC, fail to follow the implementation steps recommended by both Kaplan and Norton (2001a) and Kotter (1996). These organisational dynamics, it will be argued, are understated in the original BSC methodology, a view consistent with the findings of Woodley (2006) and may be especially so in environments with strong professional norms such as hospitals. The implications for the study and practice of non-profit organisations wishing to adopt methodology developed initially in a commercial context, is considered.Minister of Higher Education, Dr. Khalid Al-Angari (Saudi Arabia)
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Al, Thunaian Saleh Abdulrahman. "Exploring the use of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) in the healthcare sector of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia : rhetoric and reality : evaluate understanding the five perspectives of the BSC : evaluating the understanding of linkage between the BSC and strategy of the hospital : the reality of the implementation of BSC in KFSH." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/6290.
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This thesis aims to evaluate the implementation of the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) based on a case organization; the King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSH-RC). The study is an exploratory investigation. Understanding BSC perspectives is important for academic comprehension and is crucial for successful implementation. BSC at KFSH-RC includes five main perspectives: Quality of Care; Medical Care; Employees; Financial; and Education and Research (learning and growth). The thesis tackles two main anecdotal, practice-based arguments: BSC helps achieve business strategy, and the implementation of BSC has often fallen short of the assertions made about its potential for impact. A case study with a triangulation approach is justified and pursued. This study contributes to the literature in different ways. The application of the BSC has received limited attention in healthcare organisations in general, and in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) in particular, and may be one of the first to explore such issues, across management and professional groups, to research BSC in the healthcare organisation in the KSA. It distinguishes between the understanding of financial and non-financial perspectives; and the researcher has developed a conceptual framework, which reflects the main elements of BSC implementation. Quantitative data analysis from the case study indicates that staff members at the KFSH possess only a shallow understanding of various BSC perspectives. The study revealed a consistent lack of understanding of BSC by the department employees, due to their lack of interest. The results show that performance measures following the implementation of BSC created no significant improvement. It also confirms that even some senior managers face difficulties understanding BSC perspectives. The qualitative-based findings indicate that the level of understanding of BSC for clinical services is not significantly different from that for non-clinical services; staff members of the KFSH resist the implementation of BSC in the early stages; and there is 'autocratic' leadership style at the KFSH inhibited the flow of information. The power distance and autocratic leadership style, in combination with an inadequate launch of BSC, fail to follow the implementation steps recommended by both Kaplan and Norton (2001a) and Kotter (1996). These organisational dynamics, it will be argued, are understated in the original BSC methodology, a view consistent with the findings of Woodley (2006) and may be especially so in environments with strong professional norms such as hospitals. The implications for the study and practice of non-profit organisations wishing to adopt methodology developed initially in a commercial context, is considered.
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Tejeda, de la cruz Alberto. "Développement d’une méthode d’auto-paramétrage auto-adaptatif pour une pompe à chaleur en vue d’un fonctionnement optimisé." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM088.
Full textAbstract:
Lors de l’installation d’une pompe à chaleur (PAC) double service (chauffage et eau chaude sanitaire (ECS)) dans le secteur résidentiel, la phase de mise en service est délicate : les paramètres à renseigner sont nombreux et non triviaux. Or, le bon fonctionnement de la PAC est très sensible à la qualité de cette étape. Quelques mauvais réglages peuvent entraîner un fonctionnement non optimal, voire un dysfonctionnement important (confort mal assuré). L’objectif de la thèse est de mettre au point une méthode de paramétrage auto-adaptatif modifiant les valeurs de « sortie d’usine » des paramètres pour les adapter au réseau d'émetteurs, à la réponse thermique du bâtiment et aux habitudes chauffage et de consommation d'ECS des occupants. Les paramètres doivent être adaptés à partir des capteurs déjà en place sur la PAC.Le travail de thèse porte d'abord sur l’identification des paramètres clés de la PAC, ceux qui influencent le plus la consommation. On en déduit quelques fonctions à optimiser : ajustement de la loi d'eau, méthode de choix des meilleures séquences de production d'ECS, anticipation de la relance du chauffage. L'objectif est de maximiser le coefficient de performance et de minimiser le recours aux appoints électriques tout en garantissant le confort. Ces objectifs sont atteints en développant des algorithmes de contrôle optimisé. Des modèles neuronaux de prévision de la réponse thermique du bâtiment, du stock d’ECS et des performances de la PAC ont été développés pour ce contrôle optimisé. Les modèles et algorithmes développés ont été validés numériquement et les performances de la PAC comparées à celles avec contrôle classique sans auto-paramétrage. Les solutions proposées ont été appliquées et testées durant une saison sur une PAC réelle sur un banc d'essai semi-virtuel (climat réel et bâtiment virtuel)Setting control parameters of residential double service heat pumps at the time of installation and commissioning is a delicate matter. Indeed, some parameters are not trivial, there are many to be adjusted and the heat pump operations are quite sensitive to the parameters' values. Poor parameterization can lead to suboptimal heat pump operation or even to important dysfunction (harming thermal comfort).Hence, this thesis aims to develop a method for the heat pump to self-adapt the value of its control parameters. The heat pump should modify if required the "default" settings in order to adapt them to the heat emitters, to the building thermal response and to the occupancy (in terms of thermal comfort and DHW needs). For industrial reasons, this method should use on-board sensors.First, the thesis focuses on identifying the key parameters of the heat pump control, i.e. those with greatest influence on the consumption. This leads to the functions which have to be optimized: heating curve adjustment, time of DHW generation, heating setback anticipation. The objective is to maximize the coefficient of performance and minimize the use of electrical back-ups while ensuring comfort. This is achieved by developing optimized control algorithms. Thanks to forecasts models, based on neural networks, we are able to predict on a short term horizon the building thermal response, the DHW availability and the heat pump performances. The developed models and algorithms have been validated through numerical simulations, and we have evaluated the heat pump performances in comparison to a classic control. The proposed solutions were applied and tested during a heating season on a real heat pump installed in a semi-virtual test bench (real weather and virtual building)