Dissertations / Theses: 'Bean morphology'

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Oagile, Otsoseng. "African yam bean : morphology, clonal propagation and nitrogen fixation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12946/.

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Morphological and growth observations made on landraces of African yam bean (AYB) used in this study confirm that this species is the most morphologically variable in the genus (Potter, 1992). Morphological characters such as seed colour, stem colour, internode length, leaf size and number of leaves per plant were found to vary between landraces. Growth and development was controlled by both genotype and environment. Flowering was observed only when plants were grown at 25°C, rather than at 30°C, with a 12 h photoperiod. Tuber formation occurred only in AYBS and not in other landraces. Growth rates differed between landraces and between environments with plants grown in the soil displaying faster growth than those grown in pots. The response to the environment (pot and soil experiment) differed between landraces, i.e. AYB1 performed better than AYB2 in the pot experiment, whereas it was surpassed by AYB2 in the soil experiment. Clonal propagation protocols were developed using nodal explants/propagules to reproduce material with a high level of genetic uniformity from existing shoot meristems. Clonal propagation was investigated using macro (leafy stem cuttings) and micro (in vitro propagation from nodal stem segments) approaches. Axenic shoot cultures have been achieved from stem nodal segments sterilised with 10% "Domestos" bleach and grown in MS-based medium fortified with cytokinins. Amongst the cytokinins used, BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) was found to be more suitable than TDZ (N-phenyl-N'-1,2,3thidiazol-5-ylurea) and 2iP (6-(y, y-dimethylallylamino)purine) at both culture establishment and shoot multiplication stages, although optimisation of the protocol for shoot multiplication requires further study. There was persistent callus proliferation at both the establishment/initiation of cultures and the multiplication stage and the use of other plant growth regulators, such as GA3 (Gibberellic acid) and TIBA (2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid), known to counter callus growth in cultures, did not give positive results. Although in vitro adventitious root formation was erratic, some shoots were able to root when exposed to auxins (IBA [indole-3-butyric acid] and NAA [αnaphthaleneacetic acid]) and were established in compost. IBA was preferable to NAA, as it induced more root formation. Overall, AYB cuttings produced adventitious roots relatively easily with or without auxins. Auxins at low concentrations induced rapid formation of roots in high numbers. Unlike in vitro rooting, adventitious rooting of cuttings was as high as 100% without any auxin treatment, suggesting a possibility of other factors involved in the rooting process in vitro. A cheap source of nitrogen for AYB is in the form of biological nitrogen fixation. AYB nodulated profusely with strains of both a slow growing Bradyrhizobium sp. and a fast growing Rhizobium sp., plants forming nitrogen fixing nodules with strains ORS302, CP279 and NGR234. Nitrogen fixed from the atmosphere accounted for 79-98% of the plant nitrogen and supported plant growth by an increase of up-to 1547% of dry matter in shoots.

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Crudgington, Helen Sarah. "Sexual conflict in the bean weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366152.

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3

Manoj, N. "Structural Studies On Winged Bean Agglutinins." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/253.

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Lectins are multivalent carbohydrate binding proteins that specifically recognise diverse sugar structures and mediate a variety of biological processes, such as cell-cell and host-pathogen interactions, serum glycoprotein turnover and innate immune responses. Lectins have received considerable attention in recent years on account of their properties which have led to their wide use in research and biomedical applications. Seeds of leguminous plants are rich sources of lectins, but they are also found in all classes and families of organisms. Legume lectins have similar tertiary structures, but exhibit a large variety of quaternary structures. The carbohydrate binding site in them is made up of four loops, the first three of which are highly conserved in all legume lectins. The fourth loop, which is variable, is implicated in conferring specificity. Legume lectins which share the same monosaccharide specificity often exhibit markedly different oligosaccharide specificities. The introductory chapter gives a broad overview of lectins from a structural point of view. The rest of the thesis is primarily concerned with structural studies on lectins from seeds of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Winged bean seeds contain a basic lectin (WBAI) (pi > 9.5) and an acidic lectin (WBAII) (pi -5.5). Both these lectins are N-glycosylated homodimers with about 240 amino acid residues per monomer. They show a high affinity for methyl-a-D-galactose at the monosaccharide level but have entirely different affinities for oligosaccharides. WBAI agglutinates human type A and B erythrocytes but not O type, while WBAII binds specifically to the terminally monofucosylated H-antigenic (responsible for O blood group reactivity) determinants on the cell surface. In this context, the current study seeks to characterise the carbohydrate binding site of a saccharide-free form of WBAI and determine the structural basis of carbohydrate recognition in WBAII. The study also aims to identify the factors responsible for the differences in carbohydrate specificities between WBAI and WBAII. Diffraction data from a saccharide-free crystal form of WBAI and two crystal forms (Form I and II) of WBAII complexed with methyl-a-D-galactose were collected on a MAR imaging plate system mounted on a Rigaku RU200 rotating anode X-ray generator. The data were processed using the MAR-XDS and DENZO/SCALEPACK suites of programs. The structures were solved by the molecular replacement method using AMoRe. The model used in the case of WBAI and Form I of WBAII was the structure of WBAI in complex with methyl-a-D-galactose (PDB coderlWBL), while the structure of Form II of WBAH was solved using a partially refined model of Form I. The refinements and model building were performed using the programs X-PLOR/CNS and O respectively. A comparison of the structures of the saccharide-free and bound forms of WBAI revealed three water molecules occupying the carbohydrate binding site, which mimic the hydrogen bonded interactions made by the saccharide in the structure of the complex. Also a shift of -0.6 A in the variable loop, towards the saccharide in the structure of the complex was observed. Significant differences in the conformation of a loop involved in crystal packing interactions were also observed. An analysis of protein hydration demonstrates, among other things, the role of water molecules in stabilising the structure of the loops around the carbohydrate binding site. The crystal structures of the two forms of WBAH were solved at 3.0 A and 3.3. A resolution. The structure of the complex revealed the role of the length of the variable loop in generating the difference in oligosaccharide specificity between WBAI and WB All. The difference in the pi values between the two lectins is caused by substitutions occurring in loops and edges of sheets. A distinct structural difference between WBAH and all the other legume lectins of known structure is in the new disposition of the 34-45 loop with an r.m.s deviation of -6.0A in Coc positions compared to its position in other lectins. This change in conformation is caused by the formation of salt bridges by amino acid residues unique to WB All in the 34-45 loop and its neighbourhood. Thermodynamic studies on the binding of H-antigenic determinant to WBAII showed a predominance of entropic contribution suggesting a hydrophobically driven binding, not yet observed in lectin-sugar interactions. An analysis involving the docking of H-type II trisaccharide (Fuca(l-2)Galf}(l-4)GlcNAc) into the carbohydrate binding site and a comparison with the binding sites of other legume lectins revealed the role of a Tyr in the variable loop and an Asn in the second loop that are unique to WBAII in generating this unique binding property. Earlier work on peanut lectin and WBAI demonstrated that the modes of dimerisation of legume lectins are governed by features intrinsic to the protein. A phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of all legume lectins whose structures are available has been performed to examine the relationship among the various classes of oligomers and classes of sugar specificity. The information thus obtained showed that groups of legume lectins that share a common mode of dimerisation cluster together. A sequence alignment based on structures revealed amino acid residues unique to each of these clusters that may be important in determining the modes of observed dimerisation. While pursuing structural studies on WBAI and WBAII, the author has also been involved in an ongoing small molecule project in the laboratory, which involves preparation and X-ray structure determination of the complexes of carboxylic acids with amino acids and peptides. The work carried out in the project is described in the appendix.

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4

Manoj, N. "Structural Studies On Winged Bean Agglutinins." Thesis, Indian Institute of Science, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/253.

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Abstract:

Lectins are multivalent carbohydrate binding proteins that specifically recognise diverse sugar structures and mediate a variety of biological processes, such as cell-cell and host-pathogen interactions, serum glycoprotein turnover and innate immune responses. Lectins have received considerable attention in recent years on account of their properties which have led to their wide use in research and biomedical applications. Seeds of leguminous plants are rich sources of lectins, but they are also found in all classes and families of organisms. Legume lectins have similar tertiary structures, but exhibit a large variety of quaternary structures. The carbohydrate binding site in them is made up of four loops, the first three of which are highly conserved in all legume lectins. The fourth loop, which is variable, is implicated in conferring specificity. Legume lectins which share the same monosaccharide specificity often exhibit markedly different oligosaccharide specificities. The introductory chapter gives a broad overview of lectins from a structural point of view. The rest of the thesis is primarily concerned with structural studies on lectins from seeds of the winged bean (Psophocarpus tetragonolobus). Winged bean seeds contain a basic lectin (WBAI) (pi > 9.5) and an acidic lectin (WBAII) (pi -5.5). Both these lectins are N-glycosylated homodimers with about 240 amino acid residues per monomer. They show a high affinity for methyl-a-D-galactose at the monosaccharide level but have entirely different affinities for oligosaccharides. WBAI agglutinates human type A and B erythrocytes but not O type, while WBAII binds specifically to the terminally monofucosylated H-antigenic (responsible for O blood group reactivity) determinants on the cell surface. In this context, the current study seeks to characterise the carbohydrate binding site of a saccharide-free form of WBAI and determine the structural basis of carbohydrate recognition in WBAII. The study also aims to identify the factors responsible for the differences in carbohydrate specificities between WBAI and WBAII. Diffraction data from a saccharide-free crystal form of WBAI and two crystal forms (Form I and II) of WBAII complexed with methyl-a-D-galactose were collected on a MAR imaging plate system mounted on a Rigaku RU200 rotating anode X-ray generator. The data were processed using the MAR-XDS and DENZO/SCALEPACK suites of programs. The structures were solved by the molecular replacement method using AMoRe. The model used in the case of WBAI and Form I of WBAII was the structure of WBAI in complex with methyl-a-D-galactose (PDB coderlWBL), while the structure of Form II of WBAH was solved using a partially refined model of Form I. The refinements and model building were performed using the programs X-PLOR/CNS and O respectively. A comparison of the structures of the saccharide-free and bound forms of WBAI revealed three water molecules occupying the carbohydrate binding site, which mimic the hydrogen bonded interactions made by the saccharide in the structure of the complex. Also a shift of -0.6 A in the variable loop, towards the saccharide in the structure of the complex was observed. Significant differences in the conformation of a loop involved in crystal packing interactions were also observed. An analysis of protein hydration demonstrates, among other things, the role of water molecules in stabilising the structure of the loops around the carbohydrate binding site. The crystal structures of the two forms of WBAH were solved at 3.0 A and 3.3. A resolution. The structure of the complex revealed the role of the length of the variable loop in generating the difference in oligosaccharide specificity between WBAI and WB All. The difference in the pi values between the two lectins is caused by substitutions occurring in loops and edges of sheets. A distinct structural difference between WBAH and all the other legume lectins of known structure is in the new disposition of the 34-45 loop with an r.m.s deviation of -6.0A in Coc positions compared to its position in other lectins. This change in conformation is caused by the formation of salt bridges by amino acid residues unique to WB All in the 34-45 loop and its neighbourhood. Thermodynamic studies on the binding of H-antigenic determinant to WBAII showed a predominance of entropic contribution suggesting a hydrophobically driven binding, not yet observed in lectin-sugar interactions. An analysis involving the docking of H-type II trisaccharide (Fuca(l-2)Galf}(l-4)GlcNAc) into the carbohydrate binding site and a comparison with the binding sites of other legume lectins revealed the role of a Tyr in the variable loop and an Asn in the second loop that are unique to WBAII in generating this unique binding property. Earlier work on peanut lectin and WBAI demonstrated that the modes of dimerisation of legume lectins are governed by features intrinsic to the protein. A phylogenetic analysis of the sequences of all legume lectins whose structures are available has been performed to examine the relationship among the various classes of oligomers and classes of sugar specificity. The information thus obtained showed that groups of legume lectins that share a common mode of dimerisation cluster together. A sequence alignment based on structures revealed amino acid residues unique to each of these clusters that may be important in determining the modes of observed dimerisation. While pursuing structural studies on WBAI and WBAII, the author has also been involved in an ongoing small molecule project in the laboratory, which involves preparation and X-ray structure determination of the complexes of carboxylic acids with amino acids and peptides. The work carried out in the project is described in the appendix.

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Van, Emmenes Liesel. "Evaluation of phytase enzymes on performance, bone mineralisation, carcass characteristics and small intestinal morphology of broilers fed maize soya bean diets." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86691.

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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014. ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The use of phytase enzymes to liberate phosphorus and other phytate bound nutrients in monogastric animal diets are becoming common practice and several commercial phytase enzymes are available on the market. Phytase manufacturers supply nutritionists with matrix values for the specific phytase, enabling nutritionists to effectively decrease the dietary concentrations of phosphorus and nutrients during diet formulation. A 32 day experiment was conducted with 5120 broiler chicks fed diets supplemented with different commercial phytase enzymes (1000 FYT or 1500 FYT HiPhos/kg diet, 1500 FYT Ronozyme/kg diet, 500 FTU Natuphos/kg diet or 500 FTU Phyzyme/kg diet) at levels recommended by the manufacturers and with similar phosphorus equivalence. The nutrient content of the diets supplemented with 500 FTU Natuphos, 500 FTU Phyzyme 1500 Ronozyme and 1000 FYT HiPhos were reduced according to the matrix values of 1000 FYT/kg HiPhos, whilst the diet supplemented with 1500 FYT HiPhos /kg diet was reduced according to the matrix values 1500 FYT HiPhos. The objectives of this study were threefold: (i) to confirm the matrix value for a newly developed phytase (HiPhos, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland), at two different inclusion levels, using weight gain and bone parameters of broilers as response criteria; (ii) to compare production and bone parameters of broilers reared on three different commercial phytases to broilers reared on HiPhos (iii) to investigate the effect that supplementation of these four phytases has on water intake, carcass characteristics, organ weights and gastrointestinal tract morphology of broilers. The matrix values for 1500 FYT HiPhos were confirmed by using live weight gain as response criteria, but results for bone parameters were insufficient in confirming the matrix values. The matrix values for 1000 FYT HiPhos were confirmed by the results for tibia weight and tibia strength, but results for weight gain were insufficient to confirm the values. The matrix values for 1000 FYT HiPhos and 1500 FYT HiPhos could not be confirmed nor disproved, nevertheless results from the current trial proved diets supplemented with HiPhos to be more economically viable when compared to the standard commercial broiler diet. Total feed and water intake were not influenced by phytase supplementation. Production parameters (live weight, feed intake, feed conversion ratio, European production efficiency factor and average daily gain) and bone parameters (tibia strength, fat free tibia weight, fat free tibia ash and mineral content) did not differ between phytase treatments and therefore all the commercial phytases were equally effective to the HiPhos phytase. Furthermore, results indicate that the investigated phytases had no effect on internal organ weight or gastrointestinal tract morphology in broilers. Overall the results obtained from the study indicate that the use of phytase as feed additive has no negative effects on growth performance, carcass characteristics or bone parameters. No major differences for the production and bone parameters were observed between broilers supplemented with different phytases. Therefore the costs of these phytases can be the determining factor when nutritionists decide which commercial phytase to use. AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gebruik van fitase ensieme in die diëte van enkelmaagdiere om fitaat-gebonde fosfor en voedingstowwe vry te stel, word al hoe meer algemeen in die bedryf en verskeie kommersiële fitase ensieme is in die mark beskikbaar. Die ensiemvervaardigers verskaf die fitases se matryswaardes aan voedingskundiges wat hul in staat stel om die fosfor- en nutrientvlakke in die dieet effektief te verminder. ´n Studie met 5120 braaikuikens was vir 32 dae uitgevoer. Die braaikuiken diëte was met verskillende kommersiële fitase ensieme (1000 FYT & 1500 FYT HiPhos/kg dieet, 1500 FYT Ronozyme/kg dieet, 500 FTU Natuphos/kg dieet of 500 FTU Phyzyme/kg dieet) aangevul. Die nutrientvlakke van die diëte wat met fitase aangevul was, was verminder volgens die matryswaardes van 1000 FYT of 1500 FYT HiPhos fitase. Die doelstellings van hierdie studie was drievoudig: (i) om die matryswaardes van ´n nuwe fitase (HiPhos, DSM Nutritional Products, Basel, Switzerland) by twee verskillende insluitingsvlakke te bevestig deur massa toename en been parameters as reaksie maatstawwe te gebruik (ii) om produksie- en been parameters van braaikuikens, wat een van drie kommersiële fitase ensieme as voerbymiddel ontvang het, met dié van braaikuikens wat die nuwe ensiem gevoer was te vergelyk (iii) om die effek wat fitase op water inname, karkaseienskappe, orgaan massas en spysverteringskanaal morfologie het te bestudeer. Die matryswaardes vir 1500 FYT HiPhos was bevestig deur lewendige massa toename as respons kriteria te gebruik, maar resultate vir die been parameters was onvoldoende om die matryswaardes te bevestig. Die matryswaardes vir 1000 FYT HiPhos was slegs bevestig deur die resultate vir die breeksterktes van die tibias, maar resultate vir massa toename was onvoldoende om die matryswaardes te bevestig. Dus kon die matryswaardes vir die HiPhos fitase nie bevestig of verkeerd bewys word nie. Desondanks het die resultate in die huidige proef bewys dat diëte wat met HiPhos aangevul was meer ekonomies as die kommersiële braaikuiken dieet is. Totale voer- en water-inname was nie deur die aanvulling van fitase beïnvloed nie. Produksie parameters (lewendige massa, voeromset, die Europese produksie doeltreffendheids faktor, gemiddelde daaglikse toename) en been parameters (tibia breeksterkte, vet vrye tibia massa, vet vrye tibia as en mineraal-inhoud) het nie verskil tussen die fitase behandelings nie en dus was al die kommersiële fitases ewe effektief. Vanuit die studie is getoon dat die gebruik van fitase as ´n voerbymiddels geen negatiewe effek op groei, karkas eienskappe of been parameters het nie en dat fitase ook nie die orgaan gewigte of die spysverteringskanaal morfologie van braaikuikens beïnvloed nie. Geen groot verskille in produksieen been parameters was waargeneem tussen hoenders wat verskillende fitases as voerbymiddel ontvang het nie, daarom kan die koste van die ensiem die bepalende faktor wees as voedingkundiges die keuse maak tussen hierdie kommersiele fitases.

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Mustonen, Pedro Salvador Jorge. "Biomass production, nutrients and root morphology of fallow species and the utilization of its biomass as a phosphorous source for the common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)." Thesis, Bangor University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432798.

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Lima, Ana Paula da Cunha Barbosa de. "Comparação da morfometria da base de crânio de indivíduos com fissura labiopalatal e indivíduos com ou sem discrepância maxilo-mandibular." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23149/tde-05062018-080742/.

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Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar a existência de variações da morfometria de base de crânio entre indivíduos com fissura labiopalatal, com deformidade dentofacial e sem deformidade dentofacial, grupo controle. Metodologia: Três grupos de indivíduos, um grupo com deformidade dentofacial sem associação com fissura labiopalatal (DFSF), outro com fissura labiopalatal (FS), e outro grupo de pacientes sem fissura e sem deformidade (CTRL - Controle), foram elencados por meio de registros de prontuários e de imagens em DICOM (Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine) de suas tomografias computadorizadas. Por meio da identificação dos pontos cefalométricos basio (Ba), sela (S) e nasio (N), no software Dolphin Imaging 11.9, obteve-se a distância entre os pontos Ba-S (DBaS), S-N (DSN) bem como o ângulo formado entre os pontos Ba-S-N (AnGBaSN). As variáveis cefalométricas em questão foram avaliadas considerando (p<0,05). Resultados: Vinte indivíduos compuseram cada um dos grupos. Verificamos que a distância S-N (DSN) não apresentou diferença estatística entre os grupos, mas a distância Ba-S (DBaS) e o ângulo Ba-S-N (AnGBaSN) apresentaram diferenças estatísticas quando comparados os três grupos. O ângulo Ba-S-N (AnGBaSN) não apresentou diferença estatística quando comparados o grupo controle (CTRL) e o grupo de pacientes portadores de fissura labiopalatal (FS), mas apresentou diferença estatística em relação ao do grupo de pacientes com deformidades faciais sem fissuras labiopalatais (DFSF). A distância BaS (DBaS) apresentou diferença estatística entre o grupo de pacientes portadores de fissuras (FS) em relação aos outros dois grupos. Conclusão: Diferenças na morfometria da base de crânio entre indivíduos com deformidade dentofacial associada ou não a fissuras labiopalatais sugerem que valores padronizados para análises cefalométricas que envolvam tais estruturas sejam usadas com cautela. Novos padrões cefalométricos, em especial por análise 3D, são desejáveis para compensação dessas diferenças anatômicas. Objective: The aim of this study was to verify the existence of variations of the skull base morphometry between patients with cleft lip and palate, with dentofacial deformity group and without dentofacial deformity (control group). Methodology: Three groups of patients, one group with dentofacial deformity associated without cleft lip and palate (DFSF), another with cleft lip and palate (FS), and another group of patients without cleft and without deformity (CTRL) were included by means of medical records and DICOM (Digital Imaging Communications in Medicine) images of their CT (Computed Tomography) scans. By identifying the basio (Ba), sela (S) and nasio (N) cephalometric points in the Dolphin Imaging 11.9 software, the distance between the points Ba-S (DBaS), S-N(DSN) and the angle formed between points Ba-S-N (AnGBaSN) were the variables. They were statistically evaluated by means of the p> 0.05. Results: Twenty patients were included on each group. We found that the distance S-N (DSN) is not statistically different between the groups, but the Ba-S distance (DBaS) and the Ba-S-N angle (AnGBaSN) are statistically different when compared the three groups. The Ba-S-N angle (AnGBaSN) did not present statistically different when compared to the control group (CTRL) and the group cleft lip and palate patients (FS), but presented statistical difference in relation to the group of patients with facial deformities without cleft lip and palate (DFSF). The distance BaS (DBaS) presented statistical difference between the group of patients with fissures (FS) in relation to the other two groups. Conclusion: Differences in skull base morphometry among patients with dentofacial deformity associated or not with cleft lip and palate suggest that standardized values for cephalometric analyzes involving such structures should be used with caution. New cephalometric patterns, especially by 3D analysis, are desirable to compensate for these anatomical differences.

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Magnusson, Karolina. "Mechanical heart rate detection using cardiogenic impedance - a morphology approach." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-119381.

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The objective of this thesis is to examine the possibility to determine the mechanical heart rate using intracardiac impedance in the time domain. Deducing the mechanical heartrate from the impedance could help improve the performance of implanted devices that today depend on the measurement of the heart’s electrical activity. Cardiogenic – also known as intracardiac – impedance is based on the difference in conductivity between heart muscle tissue and blood, making the impedance vary as the heart is filled and emptied. The data used in this thesis was acquired from three previous studies performed by St Jude Medical, two clinical and one preclinical. Two impedance measurement configurations were chosen from these studies, one bipolar and one quadropolar. To deduce the heart rate from the intracardiac impedance six algorithms were evaluated. Three using continuous peak detection and three evaluating small frames of the impedance signal.The peak detection algorithms were peak detection on the impedance signal itself, on its derivative and on its integral. The three others were an Auto Correlation Function (ACF), an Average Magnutide Difference Function (AMDF) and an Average Wave Comparison Function (AWCF). In order to assess the heart rates deduced from the intracardiac impedance by the algorithms, these rates were compared to both the IEGM or the ECG (depending on which study was at hand) and the blood pressure. Several issues affected the performance of the algorithms. Impedance morphology can vary between patients. Some display so called “double peaks”, making it hard to decide whether a patient has for example a pulse of 80 bpm or of 160 bpm. The impedance morphology was also affected by amplitude modulation with the respiration frequency which in some patients cause difficulties to analyze the impedance signal. The results show that the two impedance measurement configurations perform equally well and that the ACF method was the overall best performing algorithm. They also show that individual patient impedance morphology has a large influence on the results and for future studies it should therefore be interesting to calibrate the algorithms for each patient, as this should improve performance.

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Carlson, Stephanie Marie. "The evolutionary effects of bear predation on salmon life history and morphology /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5338.

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Grauer, Dan Proffit William R. "Airway volume and shape from cone-beam CT relationship to facial morphology /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1197.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. Title from electronic title page (viewed Mar. 26, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Department of Orthodontics of the School of Dentistry." Discipline: Orthodontics; Department/School: Dentistry.

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Jones, Aleksy K. "Kinetically determined surface morphology in epitaxial growth." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/2499.

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Molecular beam epitaxy has recently been applied to the growth and self assembly of nanostructures on crystal substrates. This highlights the importance of understanding how microscopic rules of atomic motion and assembly lead to macroscopic surface shapes. In this thesis, we present results from two computational studies of these mechanisms. We identify a kinetic mechanism responsible for the emergence of low-angle facets in recent epitaxial regrowth experiments on patterned surfaces. Kinetic Monte Carlo simulations of vicinal surfaces show that the preferred slope of the facets matches the threshold slope for the transition between step flow and growth by island nucleation. At this crossover slope, the surface step density is minimized and the adatom density is maximized, respectively. A model is developed that predicts the temperature dependence of the crossover slope and hence the facet slope. We also examine the "step bunching" instability thought to be present in step flow growth on surfaces with a downhill diffusion bias. One mechanism thought to produce the necessary bias is the inverse Ehrlich Schwoebel (ES) barrier. Using continuum, stochastic, and hybrid models of one dimensional step flow, we show that an inverse ES barrier to adatom migration is an insufficient condition to destabilize a surface against step bunching.

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Evora, Maria Cecilia. "EFFECT OF ELECTRON BEAM RADIATION ON THE SURFACE AND BULK MORPHOLOGY OF CARBON NANOFIBERS." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1272027713.

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Buratin, Stefano. "Pulsed laser ablation of silicon : the influence of beam parameters on ablated crater morphology." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8569/.

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Laser micromachining is one of the principal fields where the laser capability to change the material morphology is frequently applied and silicon is still the element most used in the semiconductor and photovoltaic industries despite the recent studies on new materials. Although various models reported in the literature describe the laser material interaction, the relation between the ablated crater morphology and the laser beam parameters remains unclear or does not give methods and equations that can be applied on the engineering environment. The aim of this thesis is to reduce the knowledge gap of the understanding of three laser parameters (pulse duration, energy beam shape, and polarisation) influence on the ablated crater morphology by providing functions and relations that can be applied in the engineering environment. First, a systematic study on laser pulse duration based on two different functions (i.e. thermal-based and non-thermal based) is carried out, then the impact of the thermal effect on crater morphology of two non-standard energy beam distributions (i.e. round flat-top and square-top) is evaluated, and finally the laser polarisation effects in the non-linear laser ablation regime are explored, providing the engineering environment of new functions and relations between laser beam parameters and crater morphology.

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WANG, JEN-CHYONG. "FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATIONS OF SPIROGYRA (CHLOROPHYTA, ZYGNEMATACEAE), WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO A POLYPLOID SPECIES COMPLEX (ARIZONA)." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183812.

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On the basis of three morphological characters (e.g., filament, width, chloroplast number, and type of cell end wall), six filament types of Spirogyra were collected along Bear Creek in the Santa Catalina Mountains near Tucson, Arizona. The occurrence and distribution of filament types showed seasonal and geographical patterns. Filaments were more frequently collected in early summer from pools at lower elevation. Growth of Spirogyra may be influenced by water temperature, pH, and water amount. Most filaments occurred more abundantly while water temperture and pH were relatively high. The number of filament types was greatest at sites with a semi-permanent water supply rather than in temporary and permanent pools. Of the six types of Spirogyra, Type V showed morphological and genetic changes through vegetative growth and sexual reproduction in a clonal culture in the laboratory. After 33 months culturing, a narrower filament-width group (Group II, 22.0 ± 1.1 μm) was produced in the original clone (Group I, 30.9 (+OR-) 0.7 μm). Groups I and II were homothallic and sexually compatible. Zygospores from the cross of I x II yielded germlilngs of Groups I, II, III (27.2 ± 1.0 μm) and a binucleate IV (44.9 ± 0.8 μm). Chromosome counts were: Group I (24), Group II (12), Group III (18), and Group IV (24, one nucleus). Relative nuclear-DNA fluorescence values increased as filament width and chromosome number increased. Cytologically, Group I is a tetraploid, Group II a diploid, and Group III a triploid. Systematically, Groups I, II and III key out to pirogyra singularis, S. communis, and S. fragilis, respectively, using Transeau's monograph on Zygnemataceae. These species are interpreted to be a species complex of S. communis (whose name has priority) with the ancestral haploid (x = 6) missing. Five years after isolation of the original strain in this species complex filaments corresponding to Groups I and II were found at the original collection site. The two field-collected groups were indistinguishable from the laboratory species complex in morphology and chromosome number. Homothallic conjunction within two field width groups yielded progeny similar to those from homothallic conjunction of groups in the laboratory species complex. Filament widths of progeny were generally within the width limits of respective parental groups. The four intergroup crosses between laboratory and field width groups were successful and yielded progeny representing Groups I, II, and III. The similarities in morphology, chromosome numbers, and reproductive behavior of laboratory and field width groups imply that the laboratory species complex of S. communis has a natural counterpart in the field.

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Hirschle, Patrick [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Bein. "Controlling functionalization and morphology of MOF particles - employing novel characterization techniques / Patrick Hirschle ; Betreuer: Thomas Bein." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1227188129/34.

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Bustamante, Carmen, Vanessa Labrín, Leslie Casas-Apayco, and Hugo Ghersi-Miranda. "Dimension and morphology of the mandibular condyle in Class I patients in cone beam computed tomography." Universidad de Concepcion, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652452.

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Evaluar la dimensión antero- posterior (A-P)/medio-lateral (M–L), y la morfología del cóndilo mandibular en pacientes de 18 a 65 años con patrón esquelético Clase I en tomografías computarizadas Cone Beam. Material y Métodos: 71 tomografías fueron evaluadas mediante el software RealScan 2.0. La dimensión fue determinada por los puntos A (más anterior en el plano sagital), P (más posterior en el plano sagital), M (más interno en el plano coronal), L (más externo en plano coronal). Se evaluó la morfología del cóndilo en dos planos coronal y sagital, clasificándose en: redonda, aplanada, convexa y mixta. La dimensión del cóndilo fue analizada por estadística descriptiva y la morfología mediante distribución de frecuencias. Para el análisis bivariado, se aplicó la prueba de t de Student. Resultado: Se obtuvieron las medidas del diámetro A-P del cóndilo derecho (CD) (8,72mm ± 1,25mm) y el izquierdo (CI) (8,50mm ± 1,50mm), el diámetro M-L del CD (19,24mm ± 2,03mm) y el CI (18,97mm ± 1,87mm). Hubo diferencias significativas en la dimensión M-L del CI del sexo masculino en comparación al femenino (p=0.002). La morfología más prevalente del CD (35,21) y CI (23,94) en plano coronal fue de tipo redonda. Conclusión: La dimensión A-P del cóndilo derecho e izquierdo es similar en ambos sexos; sin embargo, existen diferencias en la dimensión M-L del cóndilo izquierdo del sexo masculino. La morfología del cóndilo derecho e izquierdo más prevalente fue la redonda en plano sagital a excepción del plano coronal. To evaluate the anterior-posterior (A-P)/medial-lateral (M-L) dimension, and morphology of the mandibular condyle in patients aged 18 to 65 years with Class I skeletal pattern on Cone Beam Computed Tomography scans (CBCTs). Materials and Methods: Seventy one CBCTs were evaluated using RealScan 2.0 software. The dimension was determined by points A (most anterior in the sagittal plane), P (most posterior in the sagittal plane), M (most interior in the coronal plane), L (most exterior in the coronal plane). The morphology of the condyle was evaluated in two coronal and sagittal planes, being classified as: round, flat, convex or mixed. The size of the condyle was analyzed by descriptive statistics and the morphology by frequency distribution. For the bivariate analysis, the Student’s t-test was applied. Results: Measurements were obtained for the A-P diameter of the right condyle (RC) (8.72mm ± 1.25mm) and the left condylar (LC) (8.50mm ± 1.50mm), the M-L diameter of the RC (19.24mm ± 2.03mm) and the LC (18.97mm ± 1.87mm). There were significant differences in the male M-L dimension of the LC compared to the female (p=0.002). The most prevalent morphology of RC (35.21) and IQ (23.94) in the coronal plane was round.. Conclusion: The A-P dimension of the right and left condyle is similar in both genders; however, there are differences in the M-L dimension of the left male condyle. The most prevalent morphology of the right and left condyle was round in the sagittal plane with the exception of the coronal plane. Revisión por pares

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Utley, Allie Elizabeth. "Children and Dance: Spontaneous Tempo, Body Morphology, and The Problem of Synchronizing to an External Beat." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1243958048.

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18

Bhagat, Rajeev. "Application of wide-angle scattering techniques using microfocus X-ray beam to investigate structural variation in polymer laminates." Thesis, Keele University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301486.

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Becht, Michael P. "A study using 3D cone beam computed tomography to evaluate masseter muscle morphology in observed skeletal malocclusions." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10076.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009. Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 88 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 62-66).

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Schuster, Jörg David [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Bein. "Morphology Control of Ordered Mesoporous Carbons for High Capacity Lithium Sulfur Batteries / Jörg Schuster. Betreuer: Thomas Bein." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1015170277/34.

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21

Carlström, Carl-Fredrik. "Ion beam etching of InP based materials." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Microelectronics and Information Technology, IMIT, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3160.

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Dry etching is an important technique for pattern transferin fabrication of most opto-electronic devices, since it canprovide good control of both structure size and shape even on asub-micron scale. Unfortunately, this process step may causedamage to the material which is detrimental to deviceperformance. It is therefore an objective of this thesis todevelop and investigate low damage etching processes for InPbased devices.An ion beam system in combination with hydrocarbon (CH4) based chemistries is used for etching. At variousion energies and gas flows the etching is performed in twomodes, reactive ion beam etching (RIBE) and chemical assistedion beam etching (CAIBE). How these conditions affect both etchcharacteristics (e.g. etch rates and profiles, surfacemorphology and polymer formation) and etch induced damage (onoptical and electrical properties) is evaluated and discussed.Attention is also paid to the effects of typical post etchingtreatments such as annealing on the optical and electricalproperties. An important finding is the correlation betweenas-etched surface morphology and recovery/degradation inphotoluminescence upon annealing in PH3. Since this type of atmosphere is typical forcrystal regrowth (an important process step in III/Vprocessing) a positive result is imperative. A low ion energy N2/CH4/H2CAIBE process is developed which not onlysatisfies this criteria but also exhibits good etchcharacteristics. This process is used successfully in thefabrication of laser gratings. In addition to this, the abilityof the ion beam system to modify the surface morphology in acontrollable manner is exploited. By exposing such modifiedsurfaces to AsH3/PH3, a new way to vary size and density of InAs(P)islands formed on the InP surfaces by the As/P exchangereaction is presented.This thesis also proposes a new etch chemistry, namelytrimethylamine ((CH3)3N or TMA), which is a more efficient methyl sourcecompared to CH4because of the low energy required to break the H3C-N bond. Since methyl radicals are needed for theetching it is presumably a better etching chemistry. A similarinvestigation as for the CH4chemistry is performed, and it is found that bothin terms of etch characteristics and etch induced damage thisnew chemistry is superior. Extremely smooth morphologies, lowetch induced damage and an almost complete recovery uponannealing can be obtained with this process. Significantly,this is also so at relatively high ion energies which allowshigher etch rates.Keywords:InP, dry etching, ion beam etching, RIBE,CAIBE, hydrocarbon chemistry, trimethylamine, As/P exchangereaction, morpholoy, low damage, AFM, SCM, annealing

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Xu, Su. "Impact of agro-forestry systems on coffee yield, coffee plant morphology, physical and chemical attributes of green coffee beans and aroma generation of roasted coffee beans." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/48086/.

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A long experiment has been established since 2000 at CATIE (Tropical Agricultural Research and Higher Education Center), Turrialba, Costa Rica. Twenty agro-forestry systems with different shade types and managements (organic and non-organic) consisting of an incomplete randomized block-design with shade tree as main effect and subplots represented by management were set up. The mean 13-year yield, bienniality index (BI) of coffee yield, pruning, shade cover and morphology (height, diameter, total branches and productive branches) of coffee plants in these agro-forestry systems were measured. The effects of different managements and shade types on the physical and chemical attributes of green coffee beans and aroma and colour generation of roasted coffee beans were investigated. The organic management always showed the more stable production, while the coffee yield and morphology were always worse under the intensive organic (IO) management than under the intensive conventional (IC) management. Comparing with the moderate conventional (MC) management, the intensive organic (IO) management did not only have a similar or even higher productivity, but it also had higher total lipid and protein in the green beans and a stronger ability to generate more flavour and colour. The full sun system had a higher total coffee yield and bienniality index (BI) of coffee yield, green bean density and total protein content and greater flavour generation and colour after roasting. Comparing with the timber system, the service system did not only have the higher coffee yield and better coffee plant morphology, but it also produced green beans with higher total protein and roasted beans with the more flavour and colour. Comparing with the non-legume shade tree, the legume shade tree only influenced the total protein content of green coffee beans and further improved the performance of flavour and colour in the roasted coffee beans.

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Brasil, Danieli Moura 1988. "Influência da morfologia craniofacial na análise tridimensional das vias aéreas superiores = Influence of craniofacial morphology in the three dimensional analysis of the upper airway." [s.n.], 2015. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288974.

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Orientador: Francisco Haiter Neto Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T19:01:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Brasil_DanieliMoura_M.pdf: 14824425 bytes, checksum: 3057ff676ccce0f70d5ed273ef3ffed8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da morfologia craniofacial em volumes e áreas transversais das vias aéreas superiores. Para isso, foram utilizadas 74 imagens por Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC) e 74 fotografias faciais em perfil lateral, que pertenciam aos mesmos pacientes, sendo 38 do sexo masculino e 36 do sexo feminino, com idades entre 18 e 56 anos (32,8 ± 1,8). As imagens foram selecionadas a partir de um arquivo de exames de pacientes atendidos em uma Clínica de Radiologia. Um radiologista experiente classificou a amostra em tipos esqueléticos ântero-posteriores (classe II e classe III) empregando a análise cefalométrica de Steiner e a medida AO-BO de Jacobson; e em padrões verticais (braquifacial, mesofacial e dolicofacial) utilizando a análise cefalométrica de Ricketts. A análise facial de perfil foi realizada para cada paciente. Medidas de volume total, de nasofaringe e de orofaringe e ainda de cinco áreas transversais ao longo das vias aéreas superiores foram realizadas, utilizando o software Insight ITK-SNAP 2.4.0®. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise estatística, em que o teste Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para analisar a influência do sexo e dos tipos esqueléticos ântero-posteriores nas variáveis do estudo, o teste Kruskal-Wallis foi aplicado para verificar a existência de relação entre os padrões verticais e as variáveis; o teste de Correlação de Spearman foi utilizado para analisar a possível correlação entre as medidas dentro dos padrões esqueléticos ântero-posteriores, dentro dos padrões verticais e dentro das variáveis da análise facial e as demais medidas propostas pelo estudo. Os resultados mostraram que o tipo esquelético ântero-posterior e o padrão vertical da face não influenciaram no volume das vias aéreas superiores; a área transversal na região de palato mole (PM) mostrou-se significativamente maior para classe III; o terço superior da face apresentou correlação negativa com as medidas da faringe e o terço médio da face mostrou correlação positiva com a área transversal PM. Concluiu-se que os padrões faciais não influenciaram no volume da faringe e que a observação fotográfica do perfil facial foi capaz de mostrar tendências de correlações entre terços da face e vias aéreas superiores Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of craniofacial morphology in volumes and cross-sectional areas of the upper airway. For this 74 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images and 74 facial photographs in side profile were used, which belonged to the same patients, 38 males and 36 females, aged between 18 and 56 years (32.8 ± 1.8). The images were selected from a file examination of patients seen in a Radiology Clinic. An experienced radiologist classified the sample into anteroposterior skeletal types (class II e class III) using Steiner¿s analysis and the AO-BO measure Jacobson; and into vertical groups (brachyfacial, mesofacial and dolichofacial) using Ricketts¿ analysis. The facial profile analysis was performed for each patient. Measurement of volume and of five cross-sectional areas of upper airway were performed using Insight ITK-SNAP 2.4.0®. The data was subjected to statistical analysis, the Kruskal-Wallis test was used to verify the existence of a relationship between the vertical groups and other variables analyzed in the study. The Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze the influence of gender and anteroposterior skeletal types in the variables. Spearman Correlation test was used to analyze the possible correlation between measurements within vertical groups; within the anteroposterior skeletal types; and within variables of facial analysis, and other measures proposed by the study. Results showed that the anteroposterior skeletal type and the vertical pattern did not influence the volume of the upper airway; soft palate (SP) cross-sectional area was significantly greater in type class III; the upper facial third was negatively correlated with measures of the pharynx, and the middle facial third had positive correlation with the SP cross-sectional area. It was concluded that facial patterns do not influence the pharynx volumes. The photographic observation of the facial profiles is able to show trends of correlations between thirds of the face and upper airway Mestrado Radiologia Odontologica Mestra em Radiologia Odontológica

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Bouhnaida, Zaïnaba. "Étude comparative de trois systèmes de préparation canalaire en endodontie : Étude in vitro en micro-CT." Thesis, Reims, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REIMO201/document.

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Le but de cette étude est de comparer le respect de la morphologie canalaire après instrumentation à l’aide de trois systèmes de mise en forme canalaire différents : le One Shape NEW Generation®, le Wave One® et le Revo-S® grâce à une étude en Micro-tomographie assistée par ordinateur ou micro-CT (Computed Tomography). La mise en place d’une chaîne méthodologique totalement tridimensionnelle (3D) comprenant la reconstruction, le recalage et la segmentation a permis de traiter les images acquises et d’extraire les images recalées des canaux dentaires avant et après instrumentation. Les artéfacts de segmentation dus aux calcifications et aux débris dentinaires ont été traités. Une méthode d’estimation des zones non instrumentées a également été décrite.Le transport canalaire a été calculé pour chaque coupe de chaque tiers radiculaire, en comparant la position du centroïde avant et après instrumentation. La comparaison des moyennes de transport canalaire ne montre pas de différence significative entre les 3 systèmes d’instrumentation.Cette approche méthodologique en 4 parties a permis de valider un protocole d’imagerie 3D reproductible, qui pourra être appliqué in vitro en recherche endodontique dans l’analyse des effets instrumentaux The aim of this study is to compare the respect of the root canal morphology after instrumentation with different shaping systems (One Shape NEW Generation®, Wave One® and Revo-S®), by using Micro-Computed Tomography.We used a fully three-dimensional (3D) methodological process which involved the reconstruction, registration and segmentation. By this methodological process, images have been acquired and processed in order to extract registered canals images before and after the instrumentation. The segmentation artifacts like calcifications and debris have been taken into account. A method to estimate the non-instrumented zones is also described.The canal transportation was calculated for each slice of each root-third by comparing the position of the centroids before and after instrumentation. No significant difference was found between the three instrumentation systems when canal transport means were done.This 4-part methodological approach has enabled the validation of a reproducible 3D imaging protocol. This can be applied in vitro in endodontic research for analysis of the instrumental effects

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Yatabe, Marilia Sayako. "Morfologia do osso periodontal na região de caninos superiores movimentados para a área de fissura alveolar enxertada: avaliação por meio da Tomografia Computadorizada Cone-Beam." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-05042013-094907/.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a morfologia periodontal vestibular e lingual do canino permanente movimentado para a região enxertada em fissuras alveolares unilaterais com comprometimento do rebordo alveolar por meio de mensurações realizadas em imagens de exames de tomografia computadorizada cone-beam (TCCB). Esses valores foram comparados com o canino e incisivo lateral presentes no lado não comprometido pela fissura. A amostra consistiu de exames de TCCB de 30 pacientes com fissura unilateral em fase de contenção pós-tratamento ortodôntico. Foram realizados exames de TCCB com protocolo de FOV de 6cm, voxel de 0,25mm por 26,9 segundos. Os exames foram avaliados por apenas um ortodontista duas vezes em um intervalo de 30 dias para calcular o erro do método. A padronização da posição da cabeça foi determinada com o plano palatino paralelo ao solo. Foram realizados cortes axiais na altura da trifurcação do dente 16 para mensurar a espessura da tábua óssea vestibular e lingual do canino do lado da fissura (CF), canino do lado sem fissura (CsF) e incisivo lateral do lado sem fissura (IL). Para a avaliação do nível da crista óssea vestibular e lingual, foram realizados cortes parassagitais passando pelo centro da coroa de cada dente avaliado: CF, CsF e IL. Calculou-se a distância da junção cemento-esmalte (JCE) à crista óssea alveolar vestibular e lingual. Para a comparação dos valores do CF com o CsF e IL, foram utilizados o teste t e o teste de Wilcoxon a depender da distribuição de normalidade. A espessura da tábua óssea vestibular do CF se mostrou significantemente menos espessa do que a do CsF (p=0,002) e do que a do IL (p=0,001). Além disso, a distância da JCE à crista óssea se apresentou estatisticamente maior para o CF (p<0,001). A movimentação do canino superior permanente para a área de fissura alveolar enxertada consiste em uma opção terapêutica viável. No entanto, a condução do tratamento ortodôntico demanda cautela, incluindo uma movimentação lenta e a verificação da qualidade da mucosa ceratinizada. The purpose of this research was to assess the buccal and lingual periodontal morphology of the permanent canine moved to the grafted region in unilateral alveolar clefts with commitment of the alveolar bone by measuring images of conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) exams. These values were compared to the canine and lateral incisor present in the non-clefted side. The sample comprised CBCT exams of 30 patients with unilateral cleft lip and/or palate during retention period after orthodontic treatment. The protocol used for the CBCT exam was FOV of 6cm, voxel of 0,25mm for 26.9 seconds. The exams were assessed by one orthodontist two times with an interval of 30 days to assess intraoperator reliability. The standard position of the head was determined with the palatal plane parallel to the horizontal plane. Axial slices of the trifurcation of the right permanent molar were obtained to assess the buccal and lingual alveolar bone thickness of the canine in the clefted side (CF), the canine in the non-clefted side (CsF) and the lateral incisor in the non-clefted side (IL). To assess the buccal and lingual bone crest height, parassagital slices were obtained passing through the center of the crown of each evaluated teeth. It was calculated the distance form the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) to the buccal and lingual alveolar bone crest. The comparison among the CF values with the CsF and IL was performed with the t test or the Wilcoxon test, depending on the distribution of normality. The buccal alveolar bone thickness of the CF is statistically thinner than the buccal alveolar bone thickness of the CsF (p=0,002) and of the IL (p=0,001). Other than that, the distance between the CEJ and the alveolar crest was significant higher for the CF (p<0,001). The movement of the upper permanent canine to the grafted alveolar consists in a viable therapeutic option. However, the orthodontic treatment demands caution, including a very slow movementation and the verification of the quality of the keratinized mucosa.

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Yogi, Helena Emiko Tunouti. "Morfologia craniofacial e sua associação com o comprometimento funcional em adolescentes com paralisia cerebral." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23132/tde-28032014-191915/.

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Este estudo objetivou aprofundar o conhecimento sobre a morfologia óssea craniofacial de jovens com Paralisia Cerebral, e associá-la ao comprometimento funcional geral e a função motora orofacial. Utilizamos uma amostra pareada por gênero e idade, constituída de 21 adolescentes com Paralisia Cerebral (GE) com idade média de 14,7(2,6) anos para o gênero feminino e 13,9(2,8) anos para o gênero masculino, e 22 adolescentes normorreativos (GC) com idade média de 14,6(2,6) anos para o gênero feminino e 14,8 (3,8) anos para o gênero masculino. Foram realizadas análises das imagens obtidas por Tomografia Computadorizada Feixe Cônico e software OsiriX, através da mensuração de medidas lineares e angulares. A avaliação da função motora geral foi dada pela aplicação do instrumento Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS). O instrumento para avaliação da motricidade oral aplicado neste estudo foi o OMAS (Oral Motor Assessment Scale). Quando comparado os grupos estudo e controle, as medidas que exibiram valores estatisticamente significantes foram Co-Pg (p=0,060), ENA-N (p=0,2), N-Me (p=0,088), N.A.Pg (p=0,04) e S.N.B (p=0,11). O GE apresentou uma tendência de perfil mais convexo, indicado pelo ângulo N.A.Pg, menor do que no GC (GE:168,48 (8,05)/GC:172,77(5,21)). A medida Co-Pg menor (GE:106,36(6,08)/GC:107,94(9,45)), analisada juntamente com o ângulo S.N.B menor (GE:79,69(4,24)/GC:81,21(6,33)), indicam a mandíbula ligeiramente menor e mais retruída nos adolescentes com PC em relação ao GC. A medida N-B (p=0,035) foi estatisticamente significante e inversamente proporcional ao OMAS. Não houve relação estatisticamente significante entre o comprometimento motor geral e qualquer uma das medidas angulares e lineares no GE. Podemos concluir que a morfologia craniofacial em adolescentes com PC é diversa à de adolescentes normorreativos em algumas medidas, que não houve associação entre comprometimento motor geral e crescimento craniofacial de adolescentes com a PC e que a função motora orofacial de menor score está associada a um rosto mais longo. This study aimed to deepen understanding of the craniofacial bone morphology of young people with cerebral palsy, and associate it to the general functional impairment and the orofacial motor function. We use a matched sample by gender and age , consisting of 21 adolescents with cerebral palsy (SG) , with a mean age of 14.7 years (2.6) for females and 13.9 years (2.8) for males , and a control group (CG), composed of 23 normoreactive adolescents with a mean age of 14.6 years (2.6) for females and 14.8 years (3.8) for males . Analysis of images obtained by CT Cone Beam and OsiriX software were performed, through the measurement of some linear and angular measurements. The evaluation of overall motor function was given by application of the instrument Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS). The instrument to evaluate oral motor applied in this study was the OMAS (Oral Motor Assessment Scale). When comparing the study and control groups, the measures showed statistically significant values were Co - Pg (p=0.060), ENA - N (p=0.2), N -Me (p=0.088), NAPg (p=0 04) and SNB (p= 0.11). The SG showed a tendency to a more convex profile, indicated by lower NAPg angle (GE: 168.48 (8.05) / GC: 172.77 (5.21)). The smaller linear measure Co - Pg (GE: 106.36 (6.08) / GC : 107.94 (9.45)) , analyzed along with smaller SNB angle (GE : 79.69 (4.24) / GC : 81.21 (6.33)), indicates a slightly smaller and more retruded mandible in adolescents with CP compared to the CG . NB (p=0,035) was statistically significantly and inversely proportional to the OMAS. There was no statistically significant relationship between generalized motor impairment and any of the angular and linear measurements in SG. We can conclude that the craniofacial morphology in adolescents with CP is different to the normoreactive teens in some measurements , that there was no overall association between motor impairment and craniofacial growth of adolescents with CP and orofacial motor function is associated with a longer face.

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Franco, Fernanda Catharino Menezes. "Avaliação tridimensional da sínfise mandibular em crânios secos e sua associação com diferentes classificações de tipos faciais." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2014. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7199.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi desenvolver um estudo morfológico quantitativo e qualitativo da região da sínfise mandibular (SM), através da construção de modelos tridimensionais (3D) e avaliar o seu grau de associação com diferentes classificações de padrões faciais. Foram avaliados 61 crânios secos humanos de adultos jovens com oclusão normal, com idade entre 18 e 45 anos e dentadura completa. Tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico (TCFC) de todos os crânios foram obtidas de forma padronizada. O padrão facial foi determinado por método antropométrico e cefalométrico. Utilizando o critério antropométrico, tomando como referência o índice facial (IF), o padrão facial foi classificado em: euriprósopo (≤84,9), mesoprósopo (85,0 - 89,9) e leptoprósopo (≥90,0). Pelo critério cefalométrico, o plano mandibular (FMA) determinou o padrão facial em curto (≤21,0), médio (21,1 - 29,0) e longo (≥29,1); e o índice de altura facial (IAF) classificou a face em hipodivergente (≥0,750), normal (0,749 - 0,650) e hiperdivergente (≤0,649). A construção de modelos 3D, representativos da região da SM, foi realizada com o auxílio do software ITK-SNAP. Os dentes presentes nesta região, incisivos, caninos e pré-molares inferiores, foram separados do modelo por técnica de segmentação semi-automática, seguida de refinamento manual. Em seguida, foram obtidos modelos 3D somente com o tecido ósseo, possibilitando a mensuraçãodo volume ósseo em mm3 (VOL) e da densidade radiográfica, pela média de intensidade dos voxels (Mvox). No programa Geomagic Studio 10 foi feita uma superposição anatômica dos modelos 3D em bestfit para estabelecer um plano de corte padronizado na linha média. Para cada sínfise foi medida a altura (Alt), a largura (Larg) e calculado o índice de proporção entre altura e largura (PAL). A avaliação da presença de defeitos alveolares foi feita diretamente na mandíbula,obtendo-se a média de todas as alturas ósseas alveolares (AltOss) e a média da dimensão das deiscências presentes (Medef). O índice de correlação intra-classe (ICC) com valores entre 0,923 a 0,994,indicou alta reprodutibilidade e confiabilidade das variáveis medidas. As diferenças entre os grupos, determinados pelas classificações do padrão facial (IF, FMA e IAF), foram avaliadas através da análise de variância (oneway ANOVA) seguida do teste post-hoc de Tukey. O grau de associação entre o padrão facial e as variáveis Vol, Mvox, PAL, Alt, Larg, AltOss e Medef foi avaliado pelo coeficiente de correlação de Pearson com um teste t para r. Os resultados indicaram ausência de diferença ou associação entre o volume, densidade radiográfica e presença de defeitos alveolares da SM e o padrão facial quando determinado pelo IF, FMA e IAF. Verificou-se tendência de SM mais longas nos indivíduos com face alongada, porém a largura não mostrou associação com o padrão facial. Estes resultados sugerem que as classificações utilizadas para determinar o padrão facial não representam satisfatoriamente o caráter 3D da face humana e não estão associadas com a morfologia da SM. The objective of this study was to develop a quantitative and qualitative morphological study of the mandibular symphysis (SM) region through the construction of three-dimensional models (3D) and assess their association with different classifications of facial patterns. Sixty-one human dry skulls of young adults with normal occlusion, aged 18 and 45, with complete dentition, were evaluated. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) of all skulls were obtained in a standard manner. The facial pattern was determined by anthropometric and cephalometric methods. By the anthropometric criteria, using as reference the facial index (IF), facial patterns were classified as: euriprosopic (≤ 84.9), mesoprosopic (85.0 to 89.9) and leptoprosopic (≥ 90.0). By the cephalometric criteria, the mandibular plane (FMA) determined the facial pattern as short (≤ 21.0), medium (21.1 to 29.0) and long (≥ 29.1), and the facial height index (IAF) determined the classification of the face in hypodivergent (≥ 0.750), average (0.749 to 0.650) and hyperdivergent (≤ 0.649). Data obtained were reconstructed using ITK-SNAP software. Teeth present in this region, incisors, canines and premolars, were separated from the model by semi-automatic segmentation, followed by manual refinement. Then the 3D models were obtained only with bone tissue, enabling the measurement of bone volume in mm3 (VOL) and radiographic density, by the mean intensity of the voxels (MVox). With the Geomagic Studio 10 software an anatomical best fit superimposition of 3D models was performed to standardly cut in the midline. For each symphysis the height (Alt) and width (Larg) were measured, and the ratio between height and width was calculated (PAL). The evaluation of the presence of alveolar defects was done directly on the mandible, thus obtaining the average of all the alveolar bone height (AltOss) and the average of the size of the present dehiscences (Medef). The intra-class correlation index (ICC) showed values between 0.923 to 0.994, indicating high reproducibility and reliability of the measurements. The differences between the groups as determined by the facial pattern (IF, FMA and LAI) ratings were assessed by analysis of variance (one way ANOVA) followed by post-hoc Tukey test. The degree of association between facial pattern and Vol, MVox, PAL, Alt, Larg, AltOss and Medef variables was assessed by Pearson's correlation coefficient with a t-test for r. The results indicated no difference or association between the volume, density and presence of radiographic alveolar defects of the SM and the facial pattern when determined by IF, FMA and IAF. There was a tendency of a longer SM in individuals with longer faces, but the width was not associated with the facial pattern. These results suggest that the classifications used to determine the facial pattern does not represent the 3D nature of the human face and are not associated with the morphology of the SM.

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Caputo, Bruno Vieira. "Estudo da tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico na avaliação morfológica de raízes e canais dos molares e pré molares da população brasileira." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23139/tde-15042015-171027/.

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Um dos fatores que influenciam o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico é o conhecimento anatômico do sistema de canais radiculares. Devido as dificuldades apresentadas nas avaliações do número de raízes e canais por métodos radiográficos convencionais, a Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC) se mostra de grande importância na avaliação morfológica de canais radiculares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a morfologia dos primeiros pré molares e molares, superiores e inferiores, através da TCFC relacionando com gênero e posição. Foram incluídos no estudo 264 imagens de TCFC de pacientes (144 mulheres e 120 homens), representando um total de 1560 dentes avaliados divididos no quatro grupos de dentes estudados. Na avaliação dos dentes 1ºMI, as mulheres apresentaram com maior frequência 2 canais na raiz distal do lado direito (p = 0,002) do que os homens. E para os dentes 1ºPMS, na raiz única, em ambos os lados, observou-se que as mulheres apresentaram mais canais (p = 0,028 e 0,001, para os lados direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Porém neste grupo de dentes, observou-se nos homens 2,23 vezes mais chance de apresentarem mais raízes bilaterais, e 2,69 vezes mais chance quando considerar ao menos uma raiz extra. Os resultados indicam que não podemos tratar os dentes provenientes do mesmo paciente como observações independentes em estudos de avaliações de canais radiculares, devido a alta concordância entre os dentes apresentados bilateralmente pelos pacientes. E conclui-se que a população brasileira difere de outras populações em relação a diferentes morfologias de canais radiculares, sendo assim mais estudos devem ser realizados com o objetivo de auxiliar no diagnóstico e tratamento endodôntico. One of the factors that influence success in endodontic treatment is the anatomical knowledge of the root canal system. Because the difficulties presented in the evaluations of the root canals by conventional radiographic methods, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) shown of great importance in the morphology of root canals. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the first mandibular molars and premolars, and the first maxillary molars and premolars, by CBCT relating to gender and position. The study included 264 patients CBCT images (144 women and 120 men), representing a total of 1560 teeth examined divided in four groups of teeth studied. In the evaluation of first mandibular molar women have more often two channels on the distal root of the right side (p = 0.002) than males. And maxillary first premolars on single root, on both sides, it is observed that women had more root canals (p = 0.028 and 0.001 for the right and left sides, respectively). But this group of teeth, in men showed 2.23 times more chances to had bilateral extra roots, and 2.69 times more chances when considering at least one extra root. The results showed that couldn\'t treat the teeth from the same patient as independent observations in the root canal reviews studies, due to the high correlation between the teeth presented by the patients bilaterally. And it is concluded that the Brazilian population differs from other populations for different morphologies of root canals, so more studies are needed in order to aid in the diagnosis and endodontic treatment.

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Justiniano, Navarro Carlos Alberto. "Evaluación del grosor dentinario de primeros molares deciduos a nivel de las paredes de los conductos radiculares en tomografía computarizada de haz cónico." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/654956.

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Objetivo: Evaluar el grosor dentinario en el tercio cervical, medio y apical de primeros molares deciduos a nivel de las paredes de los conductos radiculares mediante el uso de tomografía computarizada de haz cónico. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo conformada por 30 tomografías de haz cónico. La unidad de análisis estuvo compuesta por primeros molares deciduos, los cuales fueron divididos en dos grupos (n=15), el grupo de primeros molares deciduos superiores e inferiores. Para la toma de las medidas del grosor dentinario de las paredes de cada conducto, se realizó 3 cortes de vista axial en la tomografía en el tercio cervical, medio y apical. Luego, cada tercio fue dividido en 4 superficies (distal, mesial, lingual/palatino y vestibular), lo cual sirvió para tomar las medidas y realizar la sumatoria de las 4 superficies del grosor dentinario en milímetros para obtener el promedio final del tercio. Los datos fueron analizados mediante estadística descriptiva (media, mediana, desviación estándar y rango intercuartílico). Resultado: Se obtuvieron las medias para el grupo del primer molar deciduo superior e inferior, en los cuales se observó medidas diferentes a nivel de los tres tercios y superficies evaluadas. Conclusión: Es importante tener mayor conocimiento sobre la anatomía del primer molar deciduo, debido a las diversas características que esta presenta en comparación a los molares de la dentición permanente. Objective: To evaluate the dentin thickness in cervical, middle and apical third of deciduous first molars at the level of the root canal walls by using cone beam computed tomography. Materials and Methods: The sample consisted of 30 Cone Beam tomography. The analysis unit was made up of deciduous first molars, which were divided into two groups (n=15), the group of upper and lower deciduous first molars. To take the measurements of the dentin thickness of the walls of each canal, 3 axial views were made on the tomography in the cervical, middle and apical third. Then each third was divided into 4 surfaces (distal, mesial, lingual / palatal and vestibular), which served to take the measurements and make the sum of the 4 surfaces of the dentin thickness in millimeters to obtain the final average of the third. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, median, standard deviation and interquartile range). Results: The means for the upper and lower deciduous first molar group were obtained, in which different measures were observed at the level of the three-thirds and evaluated surfaces. Conclusion: It is important know more about anatomy of the first deciduous molar, due to the various characteristics that it presents compared to the molars of the permanent dentition. Tesis

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MIRIM, DENILSON de C. "Desenvolvimento de processos de microusinagem com laser de pulsos ultracurtos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2016. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26830.

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-11-11T17:33:21Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2016-11-11T17:33:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 O desenvolvimento de sistemas laser com pulsos ultracurtos trouxe a possibilidade de usinagem de estruturas muito pequenas em praticamente qualquer tipo de material. Neste trabalho foi dada continuidade a estudos já iniciados no Centro de Lasers e Aplicações (CLA) com os materiais dielétricos, introduzindo a largura temporal dos pulsos laser como mais uma variável e utilizando os conhecimentos adquiridos para a determinação de limiares de ablação e parâmetros de incubação em alguns metais como: aço AISI 1045, aço inoxidável VI138, cobre eletrolítico e molibdênio. A ausência de calor no processo de ablação dos metais torna-se muito difícil, pois a criação de uma camada de íons é muito prejudicada pela mobilidade eletrônica ao seu redor. Assim a ablação de metais com pulsos ultracurtos, tem como principal mecanismo a explosão de fase associada a outros processos que também contribuem na ablação, porém em menor escala, como a explosão coulombiana e a fusão ultrarrápida. Além disso, propriedades como a constante de acoplamento elétron-fônon e a condutividade térmica assumem um papel importante e devem ser levadas em conta na investigação do processo de ablação dos metais. Este trabalho possibilitou a obtenção de parâmetros de operação nos quais o calor transferido para a rede é minimizado, possibilitando a microusinagem de precisão e alterações controladas na morfologia da superfície de diversos metais. Os resultados propiciaram assim condições para novos desenvolvimentos e aplicações práticas de usinagem com pulsos ultracurtos. Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear) IPEN/T Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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Ding, Yanzheng. "Une analyse d’images pour l'identification microstructurale en 3D d’un kaolin saturé sous chargement mécanique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0051.

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L'étude de la microstructure des argiles remaniées et saturées est cruciale pour la compréhension de leur comportement mécanique et des mécanismes de déformations volumiques. Cette thèse vise à identifier en 3D les mécanismes locaux qui s'activent au niveau de la microstructure en lien avec le chargement mécanique des milieux argileux. D'abord le comportement mécanique du Kaolin K13 est étudié à l'échelle de l'éprouvette sur deux chemins de chargement : œdométrique et isotrope. Ensuite, un protocole d'observation a été mis en place pour l'acquisition des images tridimensionnelles en utilisant la microscopie électronique à balayage (MEB) couplée à la Sonde Ionique Focalisée (FIB). La reconstitution des images obtenues par FIB-MEB nous permet d'accéder à la géométrie 3D d'un sous volume de l'échantillon. La deuxième partie consiste à développer une approche d'analyse quantitative en 3D permettant d'identifier les propriétés de la microstructure sur les différents chemins de chargement étudiés. La morphologie des pores est étudiée en utilisant les paramètres : flatness, élongation et sphéricité. L'orientation des pores et des particules a été d'abord identifier sur des images 2D représentants des coupes dans l'échantillon et étendue au 3D sur l'ensemble du volume et ceci sur les deux chemins de chargement. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse ont permis de mettre en évidence l'apport des images 3D à la compréhension de la microstructure des argiles remaniées saturées AbstractMicrostructure investigation is essential for a better understanding of the mechanical behaviour and volumetric deformation mechanisms of remolded and saturated clays. The goal of this thesis is to identify in 3D the local mechanisms which can be activated at the microstructural level in relation to the mechanical loading of clayey meida. The mechanical behaviour of Kaolin k13 is firstly studied at on two loading paths - oedometric and isotropic. Then, an observation protocol was established for the acquisition of three-dimensional images using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) coupled with Focused Ion Beam (FIB). The reconstruction of the images obtained by FIB-SEM allows us to study the 3D geometry of a sub-volume of the sample. The second part consists of developing a quantitative analysis approach in 3D to identify the microstructure properties on different loading paths. The pore morphology is studied using parameters such as flatness, elongation, and sphericity. The orientation of the pores and particles was first identified on 2D images representing cross-sections in the sample and extended to 3D throughout the entire volume for both loading paths. The results obtained in this thesis highlight the contribution of 3D images for a better understanding of the microstructure of saturated remolded clays

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Auberton-Hervé, André-Jacques. "Etude de la faisabilité d'une filière CMOS micronique sur silicium sur isolant." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ECDL0007.

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La première partie de cette étude concerne l'optimisation d'une technique d'élaboration du matériau SOI : la recristallisation par microfusion de zone utilisant un faisceau laser. Les points abordés sont les suivants: la génération de défauts cristallins dans le cadre d'une méthode de germination qui consiste a utiliser le substrat initial comme référence cristalline; la modélisation numérique de l'aspect thermique de la technique de germination; l'interaction entre l'aspect thermique et la croissance cristalline lors de la génération de défauts cristallins ou morphologiques; la mise en place d'une méthodologie de réalisation de dispositifs électriques dans ce type de matériau. Dans une deuxième partie, nous avons développé une modélisation du transistor SOI en couche mince en nous appuyant sur des résultats expérimentaux obtenus à la fois sur le matériau décrit dans la première partie et sur des substrats SOI réalisés par implantation d'oxygène simox. Cette modélisation concerne la tension de seuil, la faible, la forte inversion, les effets de substrat flottant, pour les dispositifs MOS microniques dans le cadre d'un fonctionnement couplé entre l'interface avant et l'interface arrière. Dans la dernière partie, nous présentons les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de la faisabilité d'une filière micronique CMOS sur silicium isolant et les bases de l'optimisation d'une telle filière.

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Edwards, Ylva. "Influence of waxes on bitumen and asphalt concrete mixture performance." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Väg- och banteknik, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-553.

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This doctoral thesis consists of a literature review, presented in two papers, and another six papers describing experimental studies of the influence of different kinds of wax and polyphosporic acid on bitumen and asphalt concrete mixture properties. The literature review should give an extensive description of the field of knowledge concerning wax in bitumen. Effects of wax in crude oil, bitumen and asphalt concrete as well as test methods for studying these effects are described. Theories behind possible mechanisms are also discussed, and commercial wax as additive to bitumen for different purposes included. The experimental parts comprise laboratory studies involving totally five 160/220 penetration base bitumens from different sources, two isolated bitumen waxes, five commercial waxes and one polyphosphoric acid. Asphalt concrete slabs, containing base or modified bitumen were prepared and tested. Binder properties were evaluated using different types of laboratory equipment, such as dynamic shear rheometer (DSR), bending beam rheometer (BBR), differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), force ductilometer, as well as equipment for determining conventional parameters like penetration, softening point, viscosity, and Fraass breaking point. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC-FID) were used for chemical characterization. The binders were aged by means of the rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and pressure ageing vessel (PAV) in combination. Asphalt concrete properties were evaluated at low temperatures using the tensile strain restrained specimen test (TSRST) and creep test at -25°C. Dynamic creep testing was performed at 40°C, as well as complex modulus tests between 0 and 20°C. Binder test results indicated that the magnitude and type of effect on bitumen rheology depend on the bitumen itself, type of crystallizing fraction in the bitumen and/or type and amount of additive used. Bitumen composition was found to be of decisive importance. Adding polyethylene wax or polyphosphoric acid, especially to a non-waxy 160/220 penetration grade bitumen, showed no or positive effects on the rheological behaviour at low temperatures (decrease in stiffness) as well as medium and high temperatures (increase in complex modulus and decrease in phase angle). However, the corresponding positive effects could not be shown in dynamic creep testing (at 40°C) of asphalt concrete mixtures containing these modified binders. Adding FT-paraffin decreased the physical hardening index for all bitumens. Also polyethylene wax and montan wax showed this effect for some bitumens. Slack wax showed a large increasing effect on physical hardening, and polyphosphoric acid none or a minor negative effect. No correlation between physical hardening index (PHI) and wax content by DSC was found in this study, involving both natural bitumen wax and commercial wax. Addition of the commercial waxes used showed no or marginally positive influence on bitumen ageing properties for the bitumens and test conditions used. Comparing asphalt mixture test results to the corresponding binder test results, the effects on asphalt mixtures from adding commercial wax or polyphosphoric acid were less evident. Significant binder physical hardening by BBR could not be confirmed by TSRST. QC 20101006

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Widmann, Frédéric. "Epitaxie par jets moléculaires de GaN, AlN, InN et leurs alliages : physique de la croissance et réalisation de nanostructures." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998GRE10234.

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Ce travail a porte sur la croissance epitaxiale des nitrures d'elements iii gan, aln, et inn, en utilisant l'epitaxie par jets moleculaires assistee par plasma d'azote. Nous avons optimise les premiers stades de la croissance de gan ou aln sur substrat al#2o#3 (0001). Le processus utilise consiste a nitrurer la surface du substrat a l'aide du plasma d'azote, afin de la transformer en aln, puis a faire croitre une couche tampon d'aln ou de gan a basse temperature, avant de reprendre la croissance de gan ou aln a haute temperature (680 a 750c). Nous avons en particulier etudie les proprietes d'une couche de gan en fonction de la temperature a laquelle est realisee l'etape de nitruration. Lorsque les conditions de demarrage de la croissance sont optimisees, nous avons pu observer des oscillations de rheed pendant la croissance de la couche de gan. Nous avons etudie l'effet du rapport v/iii sur la morphologie de surface et les proprietes optiques et structurales de cette couche. Nous avons propose l'utilisation de l'indium en tant que surfactant pour ameliorer ces proprietes. Nous avons ensuite aborde la realisation de superreseaux gan/aln dont nous avons optimise les interfaces. Les mecanismes de relaxation des contraintes de aln sur gan et gan sur aln ont ete etudies. Nous avons egalement elabore les alliages algan et ingan, comme barrieres quantiques dans les heterostructures. Nous avons montre que la relaxation elastique des contraintes de gan en epitaxie sur aln donne lieu a la formation d'ilots de tailles nanometriques, qui se comportent comme des boites quantiques. Leur densite et leur taille dependent de la temperature de croissance, et des conditions de murissement apres croissance. Les proprietes optiques de ces ilots sont gouvernees a la fois par les effets de confinement quantique et par le fort champ piezo-electrique induit par la contrainte dans les ilots.

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Streng, Christoph. "Wachstumsanalyse amorpher dicker Schichten und Schichtsysteme." Doctoral thesis, [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2004. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=972086544.

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PILLAI, Vinoshene. "Intravital two photon clcium imaging of glioblastoma mouse models." Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/109211.

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Pournia, Farnaz. "Effects of Cadmium on Morphology, Photosynthesis and Protein Profile of Bean Plants." 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/6047.

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Cadmium (Cd), a cancer-causing heavy metal ion, concentration in the environment has recently shown a rapid increase mainly as a result of human activity. Since many plants are used as medicine and food, it is crucial to investigate effects of Cd on plant growth and development. This study examines the time course and concentration-dependent effects of Cd on morphology, photosynthesis and protein profiles in hydroponically-grown bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris). High concentrations of Cd (1000 and 100uM) induced leaf wilting and reduced both leaf growth and photosynthesis rate within 24 and 48 hours respectively. Lower concentration of 10 uM Cd showed the wilted morphology after 96 hours. In addition, the Cd-induced changes in protein profiles especially the photosynthesis and stress proteins will be discussed in relation to morphology, leaf growth and photosynthesis in bean plants.

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Yun, Chin-Ming, and 雲菁敏. "Effect of the fermented mung bean hull on the growth performance, gut morphology and immunology of broilers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/03364673761437974719.

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碩士 國立中興大學 動物科學系所 99 Mung bean was well known about its antioxidant properties and the immune-enhancing function. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplement of the fermented mung bean hull (FMBH) on growth performance, gut morphology and immune activation in broilers. Incubated of different concentration of FMBH extracts from 100℃water or 50% ethanol (1:10) with primary cell that included peripheral blood monouclear cells (PBMCs) and heterophil isolated from broilers then examined immune responses in cells in vitro. The result showed that nitric oxide (NO) production of PBMCs under 100 mg/mL of FMBH extracts was significantly higher than control group (P&lt;0.05). PBMCs proliferation was significantly enhance by both of FMBH extracts–stimulated group than the unstimulated group. Heterophils were incubated with FMBH ethanol extracts showed increase the phagocytic activity than control group. In the Immunomodulatory test, 160 post-hatch broilers were allocated to four diet treatments by with or without orally challenged by 1×107 CFU/mL of Salmonella typhimurium E29 at 4 and 5-day-old. Four diet treatments were 0, 0.2, 2% FMBH and antibiotic supplement in diet. The result showed 2% FMBH supplement group was significant higher phagocytic activity of heterophil (P&lt;0.05) than the other groups, this result has same trend with in vitro cell test. In the results of pro-inflammation cytokine, interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß) also proved that FMBH could suppress inflammation response. Moreover, the total IgA and IgG concentration of in 0.2, 2% FMBH group at 5 and 10 day postchallenge were significant higher than control group. The feeding growth trail, 500 one-year-old broilers were randomly allocated four groups with 0, 0.1, 0.2% FMBH and antibiotic supplement in diet. The results showed that no significant effects of dietary FMBH supplement on weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion in broilers. However, the relative weight of liver, spleen and bursa in both 0.1 and 0.2% FMBH supplement group were significantly higher than control and antibiotic group. Besides, the villus:crypt ratio of jejunum at 35-day-old in FMBH groups were higher than control group. In conclusion, fermented mung bean hull has immune-enhancing function in vitro, furthermore, the dietary supplement with FMBH could improve immunocompetence of broilers. However, FMBH could not enhance growth performance of broilers, but could improve gut health.

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Sankaranarayanan, R. "Crystal Structure Of Jacalin At 3.0A Resolution." Thesis, 1995. https://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/1793.

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Sankaranarayanan, R. "Crystal Structure Of Jacalin At 3.0A Resolution." Thesis, 1995. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/1793.

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Hagerty, Christina H. "Mapping QTL for root rot resistance, root traits, and morphological trait in a common bean recombinant inbred population." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/38263.

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Root rot diseases of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) are a problem wherever they are grown, and are a major constraint to dry edible and snap bean production. Root rot is a primary yield limitation of snap bean production in the US, especially within the top three snap bean producing states of Wisconsin, Oregon and New York. Bean root rot pathogens will be present by the end of the first season even when starting with clean ground. The decline in yield can be relatively slow, so growers might not notice or appreciate the hidden yield cost associated with root rot disease. Traditional methods for disease control such as fungicides, crop rotations, cover crops, seedbed preparations have been proven ineffective (either physically ineffective or economically unviable) against root rot. Therefore, genetic resistance is needed. In order to address the need for genetic resistance to root rot in snap beans, the highly root rot resistant line RR6950, a small seeded black indeterminate type IIIA accession of unknown origin, was crossed with OSU5446, a highly root rot susceptible determinate type I blue lake four-sieve breeding line to produce the RR138 recombinant inbred mapping population. In this study we evaluated the RR138 RI population in the F₆ generation for resistance to Fusarium solani root rot in Oregon and Aphanomyces euteiches root rot in Wisconsin. We also evaluated this population for morphological traits and root structural traits including pod height, pod width, pod length, pod wall thickness, strings, seed color, flower color, tap and basal root diameter, and root angle measurements. The RR138 population was also genotyped on the 10K BeanCAP Illumina Beadchip. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) data was used to assemble a high-density linkage map and Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) for phenotypic data were evaluated. The linkage map produced from this study contained 1,689 SNPs across 1,196cM. The map was populated with 1 SNP for every 1.4cM, spanning across 11 linkage groups. Three QTL associated with A. euteiches root rot resistance were consistently expressed in 2011 and 2012 trials. A. euteiches QTL were found on Pv02, Pv04, and Pv06 and accounted for 7-17% of total genetic variation. Two QTL associated with F. solani were found in 2011 trial on Pv03 and Pv07, account for 9 and 22% of total genetic variation, respectively. We also found several QTL for morphological traits and root structural traits including QTL for pod fiber and pod height on Pv04, pod length on Pv01, strings on Pv01, taproot diameter on Pv05, and shallow basal root angle on Pv05, accounting for 21, 26, 12, 20, 11, and 19% of total genetic variation, respectively. QTL discovered from Oregon data for F. solani resistance did not cluster with QTL for A. euteiches root rot resistance. "SNP0928_7", was highly associated with F. solani resistance on Pv07 and "SNP0508_2", was highly associated with A. euteiches on Pv02. QTL and markers associated with QTL from this study will be of value to snap bean breeders developing root rot resistant lines with processing traits, and provide more information about targeting the mechanism of resistance. Graduation date: 2013

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Shen, Meng-wei, and 沈孟緯. "Structure and morphology of GaN epilayer grown by multi-step method with molecular-beam epitaxy." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/uq76kp.

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碩士 國立中山大學 物理學系研究所 95 Abstract In this literary, we discuss with structure and morphology improvement of GaN epilayer on c-sapphire by multi-step method in molecular-beam epitaxy. Our research is caused for the critical results of defect in GaN epilayer and rough surface morphology. In order to solve these problems we used a novel technique which we called multi-step method. In this thesis, the results of X-ray, SEM, AFM all demonstrated the achievement in our composition. However, we obtained the results of full width of half maxima (FWHM) of (0002) and (10 2) XRD rocking curves with 60~120 arcseconds and 700~ 1200 arcseconds from a series of multi-step samples respectively. Comparing with previous measurement, multi-step method is relatively superior, and the measurement of AFM roughness is under 2 nm from the series of multi-step samples. If we discuss the flat area further, we can get smoother surface which roughness is about 0.4 nm. It is obviously to recognize the flat and rough regions, but in SEM image we made sure that the flat region occupied the greater part of surface. So, in this literary we verified that the method of multi-step can improve the structure and morphology of GaN by molecular-beam epitaxy.

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Lavoie, Christian. "Light scattering measurements of surface morphology during molecular beam epitaxy growth of GaAs-based semiconductors." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/8725.

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Recent theoretical and experimental work has shown that the surface of epitaxial films is in general not atomically flat during growth due to the interplay between the random nature of the deposition process and the effects of surface diffusion. This developing roughness can be measured in-situ using elastic light scattering. The vertical sensitivity of the technique approaches the atomic scale while laterally the length scale probed depends on the wavelength of the light and the scattering geometry. We have performed in-situ elastic light scattering measurements simultaneously at various collection angles during molecular beam epitaxy using the 488 nm line of an argonion laser. At selected points in time during the growth, ex-situ angle-resolved light scattering measurements give the surface power spectral density function over the range 0.1< q < 20 µm-1 Using the time evolution of the in-situ measurements, together with the ex-situ angle-resolved scattering measurements on quenched epilayers, we investigated the changes in surface morphology during growth of lattice matched systems (GaAs on GaAs) and lattice mismatched systems (InGaAs on GaAs). Effects of crystallographic orientation and spatial frequency were studied. The light scattering results were compared with reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and Nomarski microscopy. Growth of GaAs on the rough thermally-cleaned surface shows smoothing at spatial frequencies greater than 5 µm and roughening for smaller spatial frequencies. Both roughening and smoothing behaviors are found to be anisotropic: the growing surface exhibits larger roughness along the [110] direction than along the [110] direction. The dependence on crystal orientation results from the fact that group III atoms diffuse faster along the [110] direction of a (2X4) reconstructed surface than along the [110]. In each direction, we determined that the time and spatial frequency dependence of the observed roughening behavior follow g(q,t)~(1-exp(-2aqt))/q² where g(q,t) is the power q spectral density of the surface morphology which depends on the spatial frequency q and the time t. As predicted for unstable growth on singular surfaces, we show that this time dependence is consistent with mounds forming on the surface that exhibit constant slope if the height of the mound is linearly dependent on the growth rate. In-situ and ex-situ elastic light scattering were also used to measure the evolution of the surface morphology of InxGa1-xAs films during molecular beam epitaxy growth on GaAs epilayers. The light scattering measurements are compared with atomic force microscopy (AFM) images of the surface morphology and x-ray measurements. The AFM results are in good agreement with the rms roughness obtained from light scattering and both techniques show the familiar cross-hatched pattern in the surface structure of the relaxed films. The effect of indium concentration and substrate temperature on the onset of relaxation were studied. In particular, we find that the growth of an InGaAs film with low indium content (~1.5%) at high substrate temperature (~600°C) provoke a drastic smoothing of the rougher surface morphology obtained from growing GaAs epilayers on GaAs substrates. [Scientific formulae used in this abstract could not be reproduced.]

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Tu, Chia-Hao, and 塗家豪. "The morphology and component analysis of ZnO nanostructures fabricated by Ar+ ion beam bombardment and thermal oxidation." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xf57kd.

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碩士 國立中央大學 材料科學與工程研究所 97 Since carbon nanotube has been found, the one dimension of nanostructures has attracted great attention gradually, Among them that zinc oxide is one of the hot applications recently. Zinc oxide has broad range of applications and potentiality because of its variety of nanostructures、chemical and thermal stability and light emission. In this thesis, we use Ar+ ion beam bombard zinc foil. Make zinc surface rough, and cooperate with thermal oxidation in the air. Produce zinc oxide nanostructures. We use 5、7、10keV ion beam energy and bombard 1、4、8、16 hours. After fabrication, the morphology of the sample is examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), and the component analysis is by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS) About the experiment results, the raised positions of rough surface after ion beam sputter will grown zinc oxide nanostructures, and different bombard hours induce different morphology types. When bombardment ions reduces, the bombardment energy will become more important of grown Zinc oxide nanostructures. In XPS, rise bombardment ions and energy also enhance the yield and the quality of Zinc oxide. Final, after N2+ions bombard, Zinc oxide nanostructures will grown more thin, but the yield will reduce.

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Huang, Guo-Ting, and 黃國庭. "The study of surface morphology and composition of ion beam induced silicon oxide in different ion energy." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72030769265798123942.

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碩士 國立中央大學 機械工程研究所 95 Presently, silicon dioxide is the popular material for insulators in semiconductor. In this article, we use the technique Ion Beam Induced Oxidation(IBIO). Our laboratory had successfully been manufacturing Silicon dioxide use our system at substrate in room temperature and 650℃. Silicon dioxide will be growing as the ion beam current and oxygen increase. It shows that at room temperature, beam current 4μA, oxygen pressure at 1×10-4Torr, we can obtain the most silicon dioxide. In this article, we treat the silicon substrate with different ion energy(9keV、7keV、5keV) at room temperature and 650℃.We fixed the ion dose at 4.57×1017ions/cm2, and oxygen pressure at 1×10-4Torr. The result shows that at room temperature ion beam with the energy 5keV can produce more SiO2, and in top layer, the concentration of SiO2 is 98.1%. However, 9keV ion beam can produce SiO2 in deeper layer. At 650℃,the concentration of SiO2 is boosted as beam energy increase. In addition, the silicon surface will be rough after ion bombardment. The surface becomes more rough with beam energy increase.

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Oettle, Anna Catherina. "Effects of dental loss and senescence on aspects of adult mandibular morphology in South Africans." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/45986.

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Changes occur to the mandible with dental loss and senescence. However, the influence that these changes have on sex and ancestry estimations remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of dental loss and senescence on changes in mandibular morphology. The outcome has implications for both forensic anthropology and restorative dentistry. The study sample consisted of 717 mandibles consisting of both male and female South Africans of African (SAA) and European ancestry (SAE). To minimise the effects of variation in dentition amongst sex-ancestry groups, the sample included individuals with a spectrum of tooth loss patterns, namely efficient and inefficient occlusions as well as no occlusions. Dentition was considered efficient when the remaining teeth in occlusion were evenly distributed between the sides. Linear measurements as well as geometric morphometric shape analyses were performed. Shape analyses of the complete mandible were performed on models from digitised landmarks by using a MicroScribe G2. Detailed shape analyses of the ramus and chin area as well as measurements of the cortical thickness at specific sites were executed on images generated by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). A comprehensive assessment of changes in shape, size and cortical thickness of the mandible with age and dental loss were made. Shape and size differences of the mandible were evaluated for discriminant abilities between sex and ancestry groups. Although most dimensions decreased with tooth loss, the greatest impact was noted in the loss of alveolar bone. The mandibular angle increased minimally in size when a few teeth were lost, but recovered to some extent with further tooth loss. The cortical thicknesses at the mental foramen lingually as well as in the midline in females, were relatively spared with tooth loss. Male individuals of SAA were often the most resilient to tooth loss. In general external linear dimensions were maintained with age despite tooth loss. Conversely, measurements of cortical bone thickness decreased slightly, but could have been influenced by dental loss. The shape of the chin and gonial area was more affected by aging in SAE. The sex and ancestry discriminant ability of the linear dimensions when considered collectively approximated 90%, in general improving further when tooth loss was taken into account. All linear measurements were smaller in females and in general tooth loss accentuated sex differences. SAA exhibited greater dimensions, apart from maximum ramus height, bigonial breadth and cortical thickness at the gonion. The mental tubercles were more prominent than the pogonion in SAE (square chin) and vice versa in individuals of SAA (pointed chin). The gonial area in individuals of African ancestry was broad and more convex and the gonial eversion more prominent with a more upright ramus. Discriminant qualities of the gonial shape for sex in individuals of African ancestry reached 90% within dentition groups. Ramus flexure and chin shape were not found to be useful in sex estimation. In conclusion, this research elucidated the effects of tooth loss and senescence on the morphology of the mandible for the forensic anthropological setting. Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015. tm2015 Anatomy PhD Unrestricted

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Rego, Mariana Barros. "Morfologia canalar do canino mandibular numa amostra da população Portuguesa: avaliação com CBCT." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/81796.

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Trabalho Final do Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Dentária apresentado à Faculdade de Medicina Introdução: O canino mandibular apresenta tipicamente uma raíz e um canal, contudo existe a possibilidade de apresentar variabilidade morfológica, possuindo raízes e/ou canais suplementares, bem como configurações canalares variadas. O Médico Dentista deve conhecer esta possível diversidade, para que possa detetar a presença de algum canal extra e obter sucesso do tratamento endodôntico. A técnica imagiológica por CBCT permite a análise tridimensional de imagens in vivo, o que a torna uma ferramenta importante para o estudo do sistema de canais.Objetivos: Determinar a prevalência do número de canais e de raízes e a configuração canalar, segundo a classificação de Vertucci, para o canino mandibular, numa amostra da população portuguesa, através de imagens de CBCT, avaliando, ainda, a relação entre quadrante, género, idade e simetria bilateral.Materiais e Métodos: Este estudo foi realizado na área de Medicina Dentária da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, onde foram analisados 432 caninos mandibulares de pacientes do sexo masculino e feminino, com idades compreendidas entre 18 e 80 anos. As imagens de CBCT foram obtidas usando um sistema de imagem iCAT (Imaging Sciences International), o que permitiu analisar tridimensionalmente estes dentes nos vários planos.Resultados: Obteve-se maior prevalência de uma raíz, um canal e configuração canalar tipo I para o canino mandibular. O tipo menos comum foi o IV. Não foram encontradas associações estatisticamente significativas entre o género e o lado relativamente ao número de raízes e de canais (p=0.793,p=1.00,p=0.066,p=0.048). A configuração canalar apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as três faixas etárias (p<0.001), o que não se verificou entre ambos os géneros (p=0.121) e lados (p=0.556). A simetria bilateral foi mais prevalente para o tipo I e não existiu qualquer caso para o tipo IV. Quando a classificação de Vertucci de um dos lados é do tipo I, a probabilidade de haver simetria do outro lado é de 81,5%.Conclusão: O canino mandibular apresenta uma maior prevalência de um canal, uma raíz e configuração canalar tipo I de Vertucci numa amostra da população Portuguesa. É vital o conhecimento da morfologia canalar e radicular na sua forma mais comum e ter sempre presente a possibilidade de existir variabilidade, para que nenhum canal fique por tratar. Introduction: Mandibular canine usually presents one root and one root canal, however, it is possible to present morphological variability, having roots and/or additional root canals, as well as multiple root canal configurations. It is important that the clinician is aware of this possible diversity so that he can detect the presence of some extra root canal in order to achieve successful endodontic therapy. The CBCT imaging technique allows the three-dimensional analysis of in vivo images, which makes it an important tool for the evaluation of the root canal system.Objectives: To access the prevalence of the number of roots and root canals, as well as the root canal configuration, according to Vertucci classification, of mandibular canine, in a sample of the Portuguese population, through CBCT acquisitions, evaluating, as well, the relationship between jaw side, gender, age and bilateral symmetry. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Dentistry Area of the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Coimbra, where 432 mandibular canines were analyzed from male and female patients aged between 18-80 years. The CBCT images were obtained using an iCAT imaging system (Imaging Sciences International), which allowed three-dimensional analysis in the various planes.Results: There was a higher prevalence of one root, one root canal and type I root canal configuration for the mandibular canine. The type least common was IV. No statistically significant associations were found between the gender and the jaw side in relation to the number of roots and root canals (p=0.793,p=1.00,p=0.066,p=0.048). The root canal configuration had statistically significant differences between the three age groups (p<0.001), which did not occur between both genders (p=0.121) and jaw sides (p=0.556). Bilateral symmetry was more prevalent for type I and there was no case for type IV. When Vertucci’s classification of one side is type I, the probability of being symmetric on the other side is 81.5%.Conclusion: The mandibular canine presents a higher prevalence of one root, one root canal and Vertucci’s type I root canal configuration in a sample of the Portuguese population. It is important to know the root and root canal morphology in their most common form and to always be aware of the possibility of variability, so that no root canal remains untreated.

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Jhuang, Yu-Cing, and 莊于青. "Crystalline Structure, Surface Morphology, and Magnetic Properties of Mn3-xCrxO4 (x=0、0.5、1、2) Thin Films Grown on MgO and SrTiO3 by Molecular Beam Epitaxy." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/09857125497983435281.

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碩士 國立中正大學 物理所 98 Recent studies have revealed strong magneto-dielectric or even ferroelectricity anomalies in spinel manganese-chromites MnCr2O4 and Mn3O4, indicating the connection of electrical polarization and magnetic configuration in these compounds. This observation is related to magnetic transition associated with ferrimagnetic and spiral configuration. In this thesis, we grow Mn3-xCrxO4(x=0、0.5、1、2) thin film on MgO(001), MgO(011) and SrTiO3 (STO) (001) by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and Physical Properties Measurements System are carried out to characterize the structural, morphology and magnetic properties of these films. The x-ray diffraction of these films have shown that films are epitaxial on MgO substrates but polycrystalline on STO(001). The results of magnetization vs. temperature further show that ferrimagnetic transition (Tc) occurs at 43 and 44K for x=0 and 1 films grown on both MgO and STO. The Tc of x=2 films raised to 45K but only observed for the film grown on STO. No or very weak magnetization is observed for the x=2 film grown on MgO(001). The vanishing of the magnetization of the x=2 films grown on MgO is attributed to the instability of spinel structure for Cr rich films. Magnetic hysteresis curves of the films further show the magnetization saturation (Ms) of x=2 is ~ 1/2 Bohr magneton which is noticeably smaller than the bulk Ms ~ 1 Bohr magneton. The reduction of Ms in these chromites films may result from the cation distribution in that Cr cations distribute in both A and B sites, which is different from the bulk materials. The distribution of Cr-cation in both A and B is attributed to the low temperature growth and similar results have been found in previous growth of ferrite films.

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Cho, Benjamin. "P incorporation during Si(001) : P gas-source molecular beam epitaxy : effects on film growth kinetics, surface morphology, and the self-organization of germanium quantum dot overlays /." 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3269859.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2007. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: B, page: 4759. Adviser: Joseph E. Greene. Includes bibliographical references. Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.

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Irhaim, Abdelmenem Ali. "Evaluation of the root and canal morphology of permanent maxillary first molars cone beam computed tomography in a sample of patients treated at the Wits oral health centre." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23182.

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Methods: Two hundred CBCT images with bilateral permanent maxillary first molar were carefully examined by two dentists. Information obtained was on the number and morphology of roots per tooth, the number of canals per root, the root canal configuration in each root using Vertucci’s classification, the relationship between MB2, tooth position and different age groups, and the frequency of C-shaped root canals were determined. Results: The prevalence of three separate roots was 91%. The frequency of three roots where two of them were fused was 8%. Two fused roots were observed in 0.5% of teeth and three fused roots were seen in 0.5% teeth. Regarding the mesiobuccal roots (MBR), the most frequent was Vertucci type IV root canal configuration (42.75%), then type I ( 39.5%),Type II (15%), type III (1.25%); type V (0.75%), and type VI (0, 75%). The occurrence of bilateral MB2 was 65, 75% while the unilateral occurrence of MB2 was 34, 24%.There was no significant difference between 5 age groups (p=0.759, and tooth position p=9977 in regard of presence of MB2. (Distobuccal roots (DBR) displayed a type I configuration in 99.5% of teeth, with only 0.5% of teeth displaying a type IV canal configuration. All palatal roots (PR) had type I canal configuration. No C shaped canals were observed in the sample of 400 permanent maxillary first molars teeth. Conclusion: Cone-beam computed tomography provides valuable information about the anatomy of root and canal morphology which may facilitate root canal therapy. MT2017

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Bean morphology'

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