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FOLEY, SUSAN MARIE. "HEALTH PROMOTION AND PRESYMPTOMATIC GENETIC TESTING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1005250853.
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Guilfoyle, Geraldine Awne. "A process model for planning workplace health promotion." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq23325.pdf.
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Van, Der Heide George, and n/a. "Developing a model of community development for health promotion." University of Canberra. Education, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061109.163647.
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The thesis is concerned with finding strategies of community development suitable
for health promotion and a matching method of evaluation. The thesis contains
two literature reviews. The first examines the history and practice of community
development, the problems in the field of drug abuse prevention, especially in its
evaluation, and recent developments in health promotion within the context of the
new public health movement. The second literature review chapter examines
qualitative methodology and in particular recent developments in the use of case
studies. The design of the study in the thesis utilises multiple-case studies and
explanation-building with data matrix construction as the method of analysis. Two
multiple case studies of thirteen and twelve cases respectively use data from the
Community Approach to Drug Abuse Prevention (CADAP) Project. Detailed
analysis of ten matrices are presented for the First Stage Multiple-Case Study and
three for the second. Major conclusions are drawn about how a successful performance
in the processes of preparation and training in community development
lead to later successful community activity. Whether the preparation and training
is done by staff of the CADAP Project or by trained staff of host organisations
makes no difference to this outcome. Conclusions are drawn about community
development in general, its application to health promotion and its evaluation.
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Douchand, Brown Sandra Elaine. "Health Promotion Behaviors among African American Women." Scholarly Repository, 2009. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_dissertations/205.
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The purpose of this research was to examine and describe the relationships among health status, marital status, income level, education level, age, and body mass index (BMI) with the added influence of spirituality on the health promotion behaviors of African American women, living in South Florida. The sample consisted of 137 women, 18 to 64 years of age, who were born in the United States and whose parents were born in the United States. Each participant completed a demographic questionnaire, the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II), the Short Form-36 Health survey (SF-36), and the Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS). Descriptive and inferential statistics with an alpha level of .05 were used for data analysis. Statistically significant findings were (1) a positive relationship between health promotion behaviors and formal education, (2) a positive relationship between health promotion behaviors and spirituality (existential well-being), and (3) a negative relationship between health promotion behaviors and number of children. In the regression model, the five sets of variables together accounted for 25.5% of the variance in overall health promotion behaviors of African American women F (15, 121) = 2.768, p < .01. The health promotion behaviors of African American women were not significantly affected by health status, marital status or BMI. Of the five demographic variables entered in the model, only number of children and education made statistically significant, unique contributions to health promotion behaviors. A sense of life satisfaction and purpose (existential well-being) made an additional, statistically significant, unique contribution to health promotion behaviors among African American women. The unique contribution of religious well-being was trivial. Therefore, formal education, number of children, and spirituality (existential well-being) may be used as predictors of health promotion behaviors among African American women, based on the results of this study. Culturally appropriate and relevant interventions used to encourage and educate African American women to increase physical activity, and decrease caloric intake are critical to mitigate the high rate of morbidity and mortality that African American women experience from CVD.
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Chan, Ho-yeung Brandford. "The transtheoretical model of behavioural change and general health promotion action in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25205328.
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Harris, Bertha J. "Veteran Administration Disease Model to an Interdisciplinary Healthcare Model." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6574.
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There is a growing need for healthcare teams within the Veterans Administration (VA) healthcare system to effectively collaborate and communicate to improve patient outcomes. The need to improve patient care in the Patient Aligned Care Team (PACT) has been well established. The scholarly literature does not provide evidence whether using the primary care PACT model on communication and teamwork by an interdisciplinary medical team ameliorates these communication breakdowns. Bronstein's design for interdisciplinary collaboration provided the overarching framework for this study. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to investigate the use of the PACT model on communication and teamwork by an interdisciplinary medical team as well as the perceived processes and results that the interdisciplinary collaborative approach has on production data. 18 participants consisted of licensed medical professionals and other licensed and non-licensed support personnel who were part of the PACT team. There were several challenges associated with the model, such as (a) a lack of clearly defined roles, (b) lack of communication and collaboration, and (c) division between the clerical and medical staff that created a hostile work environment. Other participants felt there were benefits associated with the PACT model, included (a) improved communication between team members, (b) increased collaboration among team members, and (c) enhanced care for patients using a comprehensive team approach. These findings may help leaders create policies, improve patient care, and create perceived processes to affect successful long-term programs for the future implementation of the PACT model.
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Abildso, Christiaan G. "Evaluating an insurance-sponsored weight management program using the RE-AIM model." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5720.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.<br>Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 104 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 54-59).
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Malathum, Porntip. "A model of factors contributing to perceived abilities for health-promoting self-care of community-dwelling Thai older adults." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3034979.
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Lee, Judith. "Melancholy, the muse and mental health promotion : an analysis of the complex relationship between mood disorder and creativity, developing a scientific model of mental health promotion." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428346.
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Chan, Ho-yeung Brandford, and 陳浩洋. "The transtheoretical model of behavioural change and general health promotion action in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242868.
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Goodman, Pansy Hong. "That's what they're for, social support in the adaptation to breastfeeding. a health promotion model." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0006/NQ41071.pdf.
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Bessinger, Elmarie. "The development of a model for an employee wellness programme for a fast moving consumer goods organisation." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-04282009-171717/.
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Gunnarsson, Sandra, and Angelica Larsson. "Vad påverkar äldre i deras val om att motta eller avböja influensavaccination? : - En integrativ litteraturstudie." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38499.
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Influensa är en vanligt förekommande sjukdom i hela världen. Äldre över 65 år är en riskgrupp där det föreligger ökad risk för komplikationer, sjuklighet och dödlighet till följd av insjuknande i influensa. Forskning visar att det mest effektiva sättet att skydda sig mot sjukdomen är genom vaccination. Vaccinationstäckningen för influensa bland äldre personer är låg och behöver öka. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att undersöka vad som påverkar äldre i deras val om att motta eller avböja influensavaccination. Studien genomfördes som en integrativ litteraturstudie där resultatet baserades på 18 artiklar. Fem kategorier identifierades: uppfattningen om effekt och biverkningar, tillgänglighet och kostnader, kunskap och brist på kunskap, omgivningens påverkan och preventivt hälsobeteende. Litteraturstudien bidrar med förståelse och kunskap om vad som kan påverka äldre i valet om att motta eller avböja influensavaccination som distriktssköterskan sedan kan använda i arbetet för att främja ett ökat vaccinationsupptag. Dock behövs vidare forskning kring vilka insatser äldre upplever att distriktssköterskan kan bidra med för att äldre personer skall kunna ta välgrundade beslut om influensavaccination.<br>Influenza is a common disease throughout the world. Older people over the age of 65 are a risk group in which there is an increased risk of complications, morbidity and mortality as a result of infected influenza. Research shows that the most effective way of protecting against the disease is by vaccination. The vaccination cover for influenza among elderly people is low and needs to increase. The purpose of the literature study was to investigate what affects elderly people in their choices to receive or reject influenza vaccination. The study was conducted as an integrative literature study based on 18 articles. Five categories were identified: perception of effects and side effects, availability and costs of the vaccine, knowledge and lack of knowledge, environmental impact and preventive health behavior. The literature study contributes with understanding and knowledge of what can affect elderly in their choices to receive or reject influenza vaccination that the district nurse can use in the work to promote an increased vaccination intake. However, research is needed on what efforts elderly people believe that the district nurse can contribute with to making informed decisions about influenza vaccination.
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Alford, Susan Elizabeth. "A Predictive Model for Dementia Risk in Elderly Adults with Prediabetes." ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/129.
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Dementia is a serious public health concern in the United States, with a prevalence of 5.2 million. There is currently no effective way to prevent or cure dementia, and the precise etiology is unknown, but it appears there are multiple risk factors. Prediabetes (PD) has been identified as a risk factor although the scientific evidence is conflicting. This study is important to those at high risk for dementia and to healthcare professionals who lack substantiated dementia prevention strategies. The purpose of this case control study was to determine whether PD is associated with dementia in adults aged 65-95 years and whether the association varies according to demographic (age, gender, race, and socioeconomic status [SES]) and health (atherosclerosis, body weight, cerebrovascular disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and stroke) risk factors. The ecosocial theory was selected to bridge the study findings to life-course exposures and risk factors. Cases (n = 574) and controls (n = 2,157) were sampled from a large ambulatory care dataset, and multivariable logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. No unadjusted association between PD and dementia was found (OR 1.08, 95% CI = .854, 1.241, p = .604). The regression analysis revealed no association between PD and dementia; however, atherosclerosis, hypertension, low body weight, and low/average SES were found to be significantly and independently associated with dementia. A stratified analysis revealed that race and SES did not alter the effect of PD on dementia. The implications for positive social change include the potential reduction of incident dementia through initiatives targeted toward demographic and health risk factors including atherosclerosis, hypertension, low body weight, and low/average SES.
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Vaghela, Pratiksha. "A Socio-Ecological Model of Affordable Care Act Acceptance." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5789.
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Background: Since 1965, there have not been any major revisions of the healthcare laws in the United States, until the recent implementation of the Affordable Care Act (ACA). However, ACA is not well understood and is often controversial. The purpose of this study is to: (1) evaluate the relationship between the employers’ and the employees’ perceptions regarding the ACA mandates for small businesses, (2) evaluate the relationship between the self-reported and the tested knowledge of individuals regarding the ACA mandates for small businesses, and (3) determine if socio-demographic factors influence individual’s perception of the law. Based on the gathered information, we aim to develop a socio-ecological model of ACA acceptance to address the barriers and facilitators to implementing the new law and recommend changes to address any deficits.
Method: An online questionnaire was distributed anonymously to employees and employers of small businesses. The data gathered included information on the participants' knowledge and perceptions on the law and their socio-demographic information. Kendall correlation test, generalized linear regression models and bootstrapping resampling method were employed to detect differences in the perceptions & knowledge of employees and employers, to evaluate the association between self-reported and tested knowledge, and to generate a SEM model of ACA perception and acceptance.
Results: Based on the analysis, we found that job status significantly affects the individual perception of the law (p = 0.004). The study showed a statistically significant negative association between the self-reported knowledge and the actual-tested knowledge of individuals (r= -0.4174, p-value of 0.01159). We found that interpersonal level had the highest impact on perception (coefficient of 5.67, p-value0.05).
Conclusion: Individual perception is a key factor in adoption of new policies. A socio-ecological model of ACA acceptance can be a powerful tool in addressing the barriers and facilitators to the successful implementation of the new law and to modify the policies to address any deficits in the law.
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Wheldon, Christopher W. "HPV Vaccine Decision-Making among Male Sexual Minorities: An Integrative Theoretical Framework for Vaccine Promotion." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5877.
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Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at increased risk of anal cancer as a result of anal HPV infection. Routine HPV vaccination is recommended for all MSM up through age 26; however, vaccine uptake among this population is low. The Integrative Model of Behavioral Prediction (IM) was used to identify, describe, and explain psychosocial factors related to HPV vaccine decision-making for young MSM. A sequential mixed-methods approach consisting of semi-structured interviews, a quantitative survey, and a qualitative open-ended survey was used to address the following aims: (1) Determine salient outcome, normative, efficacy, and control beliefs related to HPV-vaccination among young MSM; (2) Identify information needs and trusted sources of information regarding HPV vaccination among young MSM; and (3) Develop and test a structural equation model guided by the Integrated Model of Behavioral Prediction. The purpose and objectives of this research address priorities outlined in the Institute of Medicine's report on health disparities among lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) populations. Results highlight the lack of information and knowledge regarding HPV prevention in this population. The majority of respondents had heard of the HPV vaccine but generally perceived it as a women's health issue. Attitudes toward vaccination were generally positive, as was behavioral intention to get vaccinated within the next 12 moths. Salient behavioral beliefs described physical benefits such as lowering risk and promoting overall health. Psychological benefits were described as protecting sex partners and providing peace of mind. There was some concern regarding the risks of vaccination including contracting HPV from the vaccine, not knowing if it would be effective, and potential side effects. Normative influences on decision-making were minimal. Availability, cost, and convenience were among the most salient external control factors. Issues surrounding disclosure of sexual minority status influenced control factors including self-efficacy. Addressing the specific beliefs and concerns expressed by MSM can help to improve the effectiveness of health education interventions promoting vaccination. Empirical findings support the proposed behavioral model of vaccine decision-making.
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Håkansson, Marika, and Anna Sundbärg. "Orsaker till att vårdnadshavare avböjer att vaccinera sina döttrar mot humant papillomvirus." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-36291.
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Humant papillomvirus är ett mycket vanligt förekommande sexuellt överförbart virus som kan orsaka allvarliga sjukdomar såsom livmoderhalscancer. I Sverige vaccineras flickor i årskurs 5 – 6, vars vårdnadshavare har gett sitt skriftliga samtycke, mot humant papillomavirus via skolsköterskan. Vaccinet har minskat förekomsten av livmoderhalscancer. För att minska antalet dödsfall i denna sjukdom är det av stor vikt att uppnå hög vaccinationstäckning hos flickor före tonåren. Syftet med litteraturstudien var att belysa orsaker till att vårdnadshavare avböjer vaccination mot humant papillomvirus till sina döttrar. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie med integrativ ansats. Resultatet baserades på 19 artiklar. Orsakerna till att vårdnadshavarna avböjer att vaccinera sina döttrar mot humant papillomvirus resulterade i sex teman: oro för vaccinets säkerhet; bristande kunskap; otillräcklig information; otydliga rekommendationer; värderingar och övertygelser; misstro gentemot myndigheter. Skolsköterskor bör utbildas och fördjupa sin kunskap om humant papillomvirus och om vaccinet för att förmå framföra korrekt och adekvat information. Detta kan minska vårdnadshavarnas oro, vilket i sin tur kan leda till att täckningsgraden ökar och folkhälsan förbättras.<br>Human papillomavirus is a very common sexually transmitted virus that can cause serious diseases such as cervical cancer. In Sweden, vaccination against human papillomavirus is administered by the school nurse to girls in grades 5 – 6 whose parents have given their written consent. The vaccine has shown to reduce the incidence of cervical cancer. In order to reduce the number of deaths in this disease it is very important to achieve high vaccination coverage in adolescent girls. The purpose of the literature study was to highlight the reasons why parents decline human papillomavirus vaccination for their daughters. The study was conducted as a literature study with an integrative approach. The result was based on 19 articles. The reasons why parents decline vaccination for their daughters resulted in six themes: concern about the safety of the vaccine; lack of knowledge; insufficient information; unclear recommendations; values and beliefs; distrust of authorities. School nurses should receive further education and improve their knowledge about human papillomavirus and the vaccination in order to provide accurate and adequate information. This can reduce parents’ concerns, which in turn can increase coverage and improve public health.
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Cecilia, Johansson, and Fahira Kocevic. "Vägen till ändrade levnadsvanor : -erfarenheter från personer med övervikt och fetma." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33694.
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Några bidragande faktorer till övervikt och fetma är levnadsvanor som innefattar inaktivitet och felaktiga kostvanor. Personer med övervikt och fetma kan få hjälp från primärvården att påverka vikten till det bättre. Syfte med studien var att undersöka vilka erfarenheter personer med övervikt och fetma har av samtal om levnadsvanor med distriktssköterskan. Studien genomfördes som integrativ litteraturstudie vilket ger djupare förståelse för ett visst fenomen inom hälso-och sjukvården. Litteraturstudiens resultat baseras på 16 vetenskapliga artiklar. I analysen framkom fyra kategorier: Betydelsen av att bli motiverad, betydelsen av egen inställning till samtal om levnadsvanor, betydelsen av distriktssköterskans kommunikativa förmåga, betydelsen av distriktssköterskans kunskap och kompetens. Distriktssköterskans kommunaktion var avgörande för hur patienten upplevde samtalet om levnadsvanor. När distriktssköterskan tillsammans med patienten satte upp mål och råden individanpassades motiverades patienten att ändra levnadsvanor. Patienternas motivation minskade när de upplevde att råden de fått var generella. Vissa patienter upplevde att distriktssköterskan inte hade tillräckligt med kunskap för att hantera övervikt och fetma. Kategorierna visar sig överensstämma med Penders hälsofrämjande arbetsmodell som förklaringsmodell för förståelse för patientens motivation till ändrade levnadsvanor.<br>Some factors that contribute to overweight and obesity are lifestyle related and comprise a lack of physical activity and poor nutrition. Overweight and obese individuals may seek medical attention and acquire advice on how to lose their weight. The purpose of this study was to look into the experiences of the overweight and obese patients pertaining to lifestyle conversations with the district nurse. The study was conducted as an integrative literature overview, which enables a better understanding of a certain phenomenon within medical service. The results consist of sixteen scientific articles. The analysis reveals four categories: the significance of becoming motivated, the significance of one’s own attitude towards conversations about lifestyle, the significance of the district nurse’s communicative skills and the district nurse’s knowledge and competence. The communicative skills of the district nurse played a pivotal role in how the conversations about lifestyle were perceived by the patients. When the district nurse and the patient set individual goals together, the patient appeared more motivated to make a lifestyle change. On the other hand, the motivation of the patient decreased when the advice received was too generalized. Moreover, some patients believed that the district nurse was not adequately knowledgeable to deal with overweight and obesity. The categories correlate with Pender's health-promoting model as an explanation of patients' motivation in changing their lifestyles.
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Botha, Petrus Albertus. "Development of a holistic wellness model for managers in tertiary institutions." Thesis, Pretoria : [s.n.], 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11222007-163310.
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Murniadi, Krishnamurti Murniadi. "Curbing Excessive Pornography Consumption Using Traditional, Relationship, and Religious Identity-Based Extended Parallel Process Model Messages." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent153295926543633.
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Hagerstrom, Glenn E. "Personal Factors, Perceptions, Influences and Their Relationship with Adherence Behaviors in Patients with Diabetes." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2010. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/nursing_diss/16.
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Problem and significance: Adherence to health-promoting behaviors in a diabetes self-care regimen is essential for individuals with diabetes and can assist providers and individuals with diabetes management. The purpose of this research was to explore the relationship between personal factors (age, length of diabetes diagnosis, perceived health status, weight), perceived barriers to action (number of barrier days), interpersonal influences (social support), situational influences (depressive symptoms), and patient adherence to health-promoting behaviors (blood glucose monitoring, diet, and exercise) and health outcomes ( A1c and body mass index) in a diabetes self-care regimen.
Methods: A descriptive correlational analysis was performed using baseline data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) [2007-2008]. Constructs from the Health Promotion Model were used to predict health-promoting behaviors and health outcomes in diabetes self-management. The 713 participants with diabetes were primarily Black or Hispanic (57.5%), older ( M 62.2 years, SD 12.9), and married or living with a partner (56.2%). Approximately half of the participants were female (50.8%); 59% were obese.
Results: The longer the time since diagnosis and the more barrier days experienced per month, the more frequently blood glucose monitoring was performed (R2 = .076, R2adj = .060, F (6, 363) = 4.875, p < .001). The greater the body weight, the more likely participants were to implement diet management behaviors (R2 = .097, R2adj = .081, F (7, 413) = 6.209, p < .001). The younger the age and the higher perceived health status, the more minutes per week were spent in exercise (R2 = .054, R2adj = .038, F (7, 412) = 3.307, p < .01). The older the age and the shorter time since diagnosis, the lower the A1c levels (R2 = .054, R2adj = .044, F (6, 568) = 5.391, p < .001). The younger the age, the more barrier days per month and the more diet management behaviors reported, the higher the BMI (R2 = .149, R2adj = .140, F (6, 581) = 16.764, p < .001). Findings indicate that treatment measures, not preventative, are being practiced, and that predictors of behaviors and outcomes are multifaceted and require further investigation.
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Särnblad, Linda, and Sandra Svensson. "Orsaker till otillräcklig fysisk aktivitet." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-33713.
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Otillräcklig aktivitet har blivit ett stort folkhälsoproblem i världen. Många människor är otillräckligt aktiva och ju mer stillasittande personerna är desto högre risk har de att drabbas av sjukdom. Syftet med studien var att undersöka vad som orsakar en otillräcklig fysisk aktivitet hos personer i åldern 40-75 år. Studien genomfördes som en integrativ litteraturstudie som hanterar både kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskning. Resultatet grundar sig på tolv artiklar och presenteras under fem teman: beteendemässiga faktorer, konkurrerande krav, upplevda hinder, situationsspecifika aspekter och personliga faktorer. Inställningen till fysisk aktivitet grundar sig bland annat på personernas uppväxt och tidigare erfarenheter. Många saknar kunskap om aktiviteternas positiva effekt på hälsan och vid avsaknad av uppmuntran och stöd riskerar personerna att bli otillräckligt aktiva. Orsaker till otillräckligt aktivitet var bland annat bristen på tid som istället ägnades åt familj och arbete samt bristande tillgänglighet till träningsanläggningar. Personer som tidigare har upplevt positiva hälsoeffekter och får stöd har lättare att genomföra en hälsoförändring. Stödet kan utgöras av hälsosamtal som kan inge trygghet hos personen och öka sannolikheten att en förändring genomförs. För att kunna motivera till hälsoförändring är det viktigt att distriktssköterskor har kunskap om vad som orsakar att människor är otillräckligt aktiva.<br>Insufficiently activity has become a major public health problem throughout the world. Many people are insufficiently active and the more sedentary individuals are, the higher risk that they will suffer from a disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of an inadequate physical activity among people aged 40-75 years. The study was conducted as an integrative literature review that handles both qualitative and quantitative research. The results are based on twelve articles and presented under five themes: behavioral factors, competing demands, perceived barriers, situational aspects and personal factors. Attitudes towards physical activity are based on people's upbringing and past experiences. Many lack knowledge about the positive effects of physical activity and, when coupled with a lack of encouragement and support, there is a risk that people will be insufficiently active. One of the primary reasons for insufficient activity was lack of time which was otherwise devoted to family and work. People who have experienced health benefits and receive support have an easier time implementing a healthy change in their level of physical activity. This support can take the form of health talks which foster a sense of security for the person and increase the likelihood that a positive change is implemented. To motivate improved health, it is important that district nurses have a good background knowledge as to the common reasons why people are insufficiently active.
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Williams-Johnson, Lori Michelle. "Preventive Health Education Media and Older Worker Health Literacy." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2388.
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The United States has experienced an increase in older workers as individuals born between 1946 and 1964 have remained in the labor force. Preventive health screening education, such as an immunization flyer, is necessary to avert preventable illness among older workers. Based on previous research, there is a gap regarding age-specific methods for educating the older worker about preventive health. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between various media providing preventive health screening information and the assessed health literacy of the older worker. Based on the health belief model, a quantitative, cross-sectional method was used. A population of older workers (n = 159), starting at age 45, of diverse racial groups and job types, was surveyed to determine their health literacy, preventive health screening knowledge, and frequency of exposure to diverse types of media that facilitate preventive health education. Analysis of variance was used to evaluate the relationship between the various media providing preventive health screening used by the older worker and the health literacy of the older worker. According to the study, the 45-54 age group had the lowest health literacy scores, and all age groups possessed comparable knowledge of preventive health screening education. Finally, 2 types of media 'television and radio' were effective in improving health literacy by exposure, and 4 types of media 'television, radio, newspaper, and Internet' were perceived effective in providing preventive health education. Implications for positive social change included age-specific methods for educating the older worker about preventive health, which could, in turn, reduce morbidity and mortality caused by preventable diseases such as cancer and heart disease.
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McGuire, Amanda Mary. "Factors influencing health promotion activities in midlife and older Australian women with a chronic disease." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2011. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/45635/1/Amanda_McGuire_Thesis.pdf.
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Background: Chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in midlife and older Australian women. There are a number of modifiable risk factors for type 2 diabetes and other chronic diseases including smoking, nutrition, physical activity and overweight and obesity. Little research has been conducted in the Australian context to explore the perceived barriers to health promotion activities in midlife and older Australian women with a chronic disease. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to explore women’s perceived barriers to health promotion activities to reduce modifiable risk factors, and the relationship of perceived barriers to smoking behaviour, fruit and vegetable intake, physical activity and body mass index. A secondary aim of this study was to investigate nurses’ perceptions of the barriers to action for women with a chronic disease, and to compare those perceptions with those of the women. Methods: The study was divided into two phases where Phase 1 was a cross sectional survey of women, aged over 45 years with type 2 diabetes who were attending Diabetes clinics in the Primary and Community Health Service of the Metro North Health Service District of Queensland Health (N = 22). The women were a subsample of women participating in a multi-model lifestyle intervention, the ‘Reducing Chronic Disease among Adult Australian Women’ project. Phase 2 of the study was a cross sectional online survey of nurses working in Primary and Community Health Service in the Metro North Health Service District of Queensland Health (N = 46). Pender’s health promotion model was used as the theoretical framework for this study. Results: Women in this study had an average total barriers score of 32.18 (SD = 9.52) which was similar to average scores reported in the literature for women with a range of physical disabilities and illnesses. The leading five barriers for this group of women were: concern about safety; too tired; not interested; lack of information about what to do; with lack of time and feeling I can’t do things correctly the equal fifth ranked barriers. In this study there was no statistically significant difference in average total barriers scores between women in the intervention group and those is the usual care group of the parent study. There was also no significant relationship between the women’s socio-demographic variables and lifestyle risk factors and their level of perceived barriers. Nurses in the study had an average total barriers score of 44.48 (SD = 6.24) which was higher than all other average scores reported in the literature. The leading five barriers that nurses perceived were an issue for women with a chronic disease were: lack of time and interferes with other responsibilities the leading barriers; embarrassment about appearance; lack of money; too tired and lack of support from family and friends. There was no significant relationship between the nurses’ sociodemographic and nursing variables and the level of perceived barriers. When comparing the results of women and nurses in the study there was a statistically significant difference in the median total barriers score between the groups (p < 0.001), where the nurses perceived the barriers to be higher (Md = 43) than the women (Md = 33). There was also a significant difference in the responses to the individual barriers items in fifteen of the eighteen items (p < 0.002). Conclusion: Although this study is limited by a small sample size, it contributes to understanding the perception of midlife and older women with a chronic disease and also the perception of nurses, about the barriers to healthy lifestyle activities that women face. The study provides some evidence that the perceptions of women and nurses may differ and argues that these differences may have significant implications for clinical practice. The study recommends a greater emphasis on assessing and managing perceived barriers to health promotion activities in health education and policy development and proposes a conceptual model for understanding perceived barriers to action.
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Allen, Deborah. "Young people and illicit drug use : a health promotion model to differentiate abstinence or recreational drug use from misuse." Thesis, Brunel University, 2004. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5067.
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The thesis is a study of illicit drug use and attitudes to drugs education amongst young people from different socio-economic backgrounds. The thesis reviews the existing literature and finds that there may be a link between poverty and drug use that hasn't been fully explored and that there has been a lack of attention to young people's perspectives and views on drug use. The findings are reported of an empirical research project that consisted of quantitative and qualitative research with 206 young people in five different settings: at university, in a youth club, in schools, in a pupil referral unit, and service for young offenders. The data from these different sources are analysed and a conceptual model has been developed, setting out some factors that are indicative of problematic or non-problematic drug use. The model was circulated amongst a small group of professionals in relevant fields for comment. The thesis concludes that young people in university settings reported using illicit drugs recreationally and apparently without problems, while the 'vulnerable' young people reported using more drugs, at an earlier age, and more frequently, and for reasons to do with boredom, depression and anxiety. The author suggests that 'vulnerable' young people are disadvantaged by their circumstances at home, including social deprivation and parental separation, and their lack of engagement with education. It is argued that health promotion models need to recognise the importance of contextual and broader structural factors influencing drug use among young people, and that health promotion efforts need to play a role in tackling inequalities and reducing deprivation, as well as making health promotion messages relevant to their target audience.
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Lane, April D. "INCREASING LONG TERM WEIGHT LOSS SUCCESS: AN INDIVIDUALIZED, HOLISTIC, SELF-CARE MODEL." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2014. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/13.
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Despite the many weight loss options available, the majority of overweight and obese individuals who try to lose or maintain weight loss are unsuccessful. This lack of success has been the focus of extensive research. In an attempt to develop more effective modalities, researchers have identified several predictors of weight loss success. However, the efficacy of diets is still limited.
For many, this lack of weight loss success may be due to issues such as depression, loneliness, anxiety, lack of support, or other environmental factors that may be imperceptibly related to food and exercise. Repeated dieting failures may produce feelings of deprivation, low self-esteem, reduced self-efficacy, and dietary rebellion. For these individuals, a more holistic approach to addressing weight-related issues may be more effective and is the impetus for the development of this project.
This project was developed utilizing several previously identified predictors of weight loss success, holistic and weight loss models, along with several self-help lay publications. This resulted in the development of a unique, holistic, self-care guide that is easily individualized and based on personal weight management needs. Individuals can potentially identify their unique physical, emotional, and spiritual motives for overeating or lack of physical activity, and design their own plan of action; potentially providing themselves with a new level of health and happiness not previously realized.
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Buchanan, Julia K. "The Role of Kentucky State-Supported Postsecondary Education in Creating a Healthier Citizenship." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edl_etds/10.
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Citizens within the United States of America (USA) and the Commonwealth of Kentucky exhibit indicators of lessened health status in a variety of areas. Many chronic diseases and conditions are due to individual lifestyle behaviors, which can be modified through the implementation of dedicated health and wellness programming. Such programs, often housed within institutions of higher education, have the ability to impact many individuals including students, faculty, staff, and community members. This dissertation is a report of a mixed-methods study that begins to explore how state-supported postsecondary institutions may be able to impact individual behavior and thus, resulting health outcomes. This relationship is not only beneficial for the targeted individuals but also for the institutions, which may experience heightened success and sustainability.
This research employs both quantitative and qualitative methods to gain an understanding of the current level of influence of state-supported postsecondary education in Kentucky on the health of its citizenship. Those working in various on-campus health and wellness departments at the University of Kentucky, University of Louisville, and Eastern Kentucky University were surveyed. Next, key leaders at each university involved with these programming efforts were interviewed along with Kentucky Council on Postsecondary Education officials, to gain an understanding of the leadership perspectives surrounding this issue. Finally, site visits at each university were completed to elicit knowledge regarding campus environments and how supportive they are in positively influencing individual health and wellbeing.
It is possible that with more extensive findings across the Commonwealth of Kentucky and across the USA, a greater rationale can be made for institutional and state-wide leadership support of health and wellness programming efforts on college campuses. Resulting outcomes have great potential to be both robust and reciprocal to the university and its community members.
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Hurley, Shelia. "Nurses’ Perceptions of Self as Role Models of Health." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2015. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2597.
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Given the sad state of obesity and lifestyle-related illnesses in the US, nurses, as the largest and most trusted health profession, must take the cause of health promotion seriously and personally. This study seeks to close the gap in knowledge of nurses’ perception of self as a role model of health and personal healthy lifestyle behaviors. This study focuses on four specific behaviors that lead to a healthy lifestyle: limit alcohol, avoid tobacco, improve nutrition, and engage in physical activity. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between nurses’ health practices and their perceptions of self as role models for health promotion using constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory. The final sample consisted of 804 registered nurses in the state of Tennessee. In this study, 4% report smoking, 24.9% drink alcohol, 34% are overweight and 30% obese. Approximately 70% do not meet the weekly physical activity recommendations of 150-minutes and 32.8% follow guidelines for a healthy diet only 50% of the time or less. There was a significant correlation between following a healthy diet or physical activity and the Self as a Role Model of Health Promotion (SARMHEP) scores. Based on the regression analysis, working in an acute care or ambulatory setting negatively affected the SARMHEP, as opposed to age and gender having a positive effect on the SARMHEP score. This study has the potential to provide key information that can be used to promote health among nurses.
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de, Montigny Joanne G. "Toward the Creation of Healthy Schools: Constructing a School Health Partnership Model for Student Well-being to Inspire and Guide Public Health and Education Professionals, at All Levels, and Mental Health Leads." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/39223.
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Over twenty years ago, the World Health Organization launched a health promoting school movement as part of its settings approach to creating healthy environments. Partnerships across the public health and education sectors are vitally important in efforts to improve the health of children and youth in a school setting. In support of this principle, major advancements have been made within Ontario’s education sector, such as mandating local school systems to incorporate the goal of student well-being into their improvement plans and promoting the use of their Foundations for a Healthy School framework. Furthermore, the provincial ministries of education and health are actively encouraging the strengthening of local school health partnerships. However, there is a lack of knowledge within the health promoting school literature as to how to go about establishing well-functioning partnerships within local school systems.
To address this problem, the thesis project aimed to generate knowledge about partnerships between public health professionals and local school system actors, and to shed light on the potential for collaboration toward the creation of healthy schools. Before embarking on this thesis project, however, a conceptual framework was developed to gain a firm understanding of cross-sector collaboration for social change, since collaboration represents a partnership at the highest level of engagement. Two other literature reviews were carried out to understand further the partnership component of health promoting school models, and to show the extent of the knowledge gap existing in this area. The literature review on health promoting schools identifies, to a limited extent, the fundamental elements that specifically constitute school health partnerships at both the school and school board levels. Likewise, the scoping review that examines the knowledge-base on the different types of partnership for health promotion within school systems revealed an absence of in-depth knowledge on this topic.
When setting out to fill this knowledge gap, an exploratory research methodology that was primarily qualitative in design was chosen. It included a participatory orientation, whereby a research steering committee of 10 public health managers provided guidance with the formulation of the research question, and with the data collection and interpretation stages of the research project’s public health sector phase. An online survey of school health partnership actors from all 36 Ontario public health units was carried out, along with semi-structured interviews with key school health informants from 32 of these public health units and from six school boards in the province. Although the contribution from the education sector was not as pronounced, school board participants corroborated the findings from participating public health professionals and provided additional insights to gain a clearer understanding of partnership challenges and how to strengthen school health partnerships. Thematic analysis of the collected data was performed based on both deductive and inductive reasoning.
From the public health perspective, a school health partnership model for student well-being was constructed. This model was enhanced to some extent by the views of school board representatives. It is composed of two dimensions: the Partnership Generator, and the Collaboration Continuum. The Partnership Generator comprises four inter-related components, namely cross-sector engagement, connection, capacity, and continuity, with relationship building at its core. The cross-sector engagement component encompasses various elements that enrich engagement across the public health and education sectors, while the other three components consist of those elements that enable this engagement. The connection elements motivate school health partners to engage, whereas the capacity elements determine the extent to which engagement can take place. Finally, the elements that make up the continuity component maintain the momentum that motivated cross-sector engagement created based on the capacity that was made available through this engagement. Each of these elements contribute to a school health partnership’s strength. The Collaboration Continuum dimension refers to school health partners’ movement from one partnership arrangement to the next, with increasingly more extensive levels of cross-sector engagement. It includes three sets of supporting conditions to promote movement along the continuum, going from networking to cooperation and then to collaboration.
The resulting model provides the knowledge base for assessing the strengths of a given school health partnership and for shedding light on which partnership areas would need to be further developed. Overall, this model offers any professional, from the field of public health, education, or mental health, a closer look at what would be required for a school health partnership to become truly collaborative and reach its maximum potential. It promises to inspire and guide school health partners in their pursuit of more meaningful engagement with one another toward greater improvements in the well-being of school-age children, in recognition of their shared responsibility.
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Stone, Katherine Lorraine, and Katherine Lorraine Stone. "Toward a Culturally-Specific Model of Health Promotion: An Analysis of the Effects of Hispanic Culture on Cervical Cancer Prevention." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625172.
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In the United States, cervical cancer presents a significant health risk to Hispanic women, who are one and a half times more likely to develop the disease than White women and 1.35 times more likely to die from it. Many factors contribute to this disparity, including socioeconomic status and access to care, but Hispanic cultural values also frequently influence women's susceptibility to cervical cancer. Familial relations, fatalism, spirituality, and acculturation among immigrants can all affect whether Hispanic women engage in HPV vaccination to prevent cervical cancer or in Pap testing that may reduce cervical cancer mortality through early detection. Several types of interventions show promise in reducing cervical cancer disparities among Hispanic women. Improving cultural competence among physicians, facilitating cooperation between health care providers and patients, and using culturally-sensitive techniques to educate the community about cervical cancer prevention may empower Hispanic women to seek HPV vaccinations and Pap tests at greater rates. Additionally, providing greater access to self-testing for HPV can help overcome socioeconomic and cultural barriers that prevent many Hispanic women from utilizing preventive care for cervical cancer.
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Tramm, Ralph. "Prevalence and determinants of the health promotion and risk reduction practices of younger female survivors of breast cancer." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/39300/1/Ralph_Tramm_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis describes a discrete component of a larger mixed-method (survey and interview) study that explored the health-promotion and risk-reduction practices of younger premenopausal survivors of ovarian, breast and haematological cancers. This thesis outlines my distinct contribution to the larger study, which was to: (1) Produce a literature review that thoroughly explored all longer-term breast cancer treatment outcomes, and which outlined the health risks to survivors associated with these; (2) Describe and analyse the health-promotion and risk-reduction behaviours of nine younger female survivors of breast cancer as articulated in the qualitative interview dataset; and (3) Test the explanatory power of the Precede-Proceed theoretical framework underpinning the study in relation to the qualitative data from the breast cancer cohort. The thesis reveals that breast cancer survivors experienced many adverse outcomes as a result of treatment. While they generally engaged in healthy lifestyle practices, a lack of knowledge about many recommended health behaviours emerged throughout the interviews. The participants also described significant internal and external pressures to behave in certain ways because of the social norms surrounding the disease. This thesis also reports that the Precede-Proceed model is a generally robust approach to data collection, analysis and interpretation in the context of breast cancer survivorship. It provided plausible explanations for much of the data in this study. However, profound sociological and psychological implications arose during the analysis that were not effectively captured or explained by the theories underpinning the model. A sociological filter—such as Turner’s explanation of the meaning of the body and embodiment in the social sphere (Turner, 2008)—and the psychological concerns teased out in Mishel’s (1990) Uncertainty in Illness Theory, provided a useful dimension to the findings generated through the Precede-Proceed model. The thesis concludes with several recommendations for future research, clinical practice and education in this context.
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Andersson, Jenny, and Jenny Palmér. "Skolan-En betydelsefull arena för främjandet av elevernas hälsa." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Lärarutbildningen (LUT), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-30738.
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Vårt arbete beskriver hur EN skola arbetar på ett hälsofrämjande arbetssätt. Möjligheterna och eventuella svårigheter med ett hälsofrämjande arbete i skolan kommer att presenteras. Med hjälp av enkäter och intervjuer undersöker vi hur skolledaren, pedagogerna och skolhälsovården ser på sin roll i deras hälsofrämjande arbete. Vår fråga är: Vad betyder begreppet hälsa för skolan och hur omsätts det i praktiken? Världshälsoorganisationen (WHO) inställning till hälsa är inte bara att förhindra sjukdomar och dålig hälsa, utan att förebygga både fysiskt och psykiska hälsa. Eftersom skolan är en plats där vi kan möta de flesta elever är det viktigt att hälsoarbetet börjar där. Ett hälsofrämjande arbete kan förbättra både elevernas hälsa och deras kunskap. En salutogen teori är teorin som vi tycker är den som passar bäst för vårt arbete. Teorin handlar om att ta tillvara på det friska hos eleverna och vad de är duktiga på. Inte på det sjuka eller vilka problem som skulle kunna uppstå. Vår slutsats är att skolan har en vision om hur skolan vill arbeta men det fungerar inte i dagsläget. Några av pedagogerna arbetar redan på ett hälsofrämjande sätt men de önskar att få tydligare direktiv. För att få ett hälsoarbete att fungera, behövs det tydligare instruktioner och en fungerande skolledning.<br>Our work is a description of how one school works in a health promoting way. The possibility and possible diffuculties with health promoting work in school will be presented. With help of questionarie and interviews we examen how the principal, the teachers and the schoolsister look at their role in their health promoting work. Our question is: what does the school give credit for in the conception health and how do they put it into practice?Worldhealthorganisations (WHO) coprehensvie view on health isn´t just to prevent sickness and bad health, it is to promote health, both physical and mental care. Since school is the place where you can meet most of the children it is important that the healthcare starts there. A health promoting work can improve both the student’s health and their knowledge.A salutogenic model is the theory we think is the most appropiate for our work. The theory is about how we manage to maintain what´s good and well in a students´ life. Not the bad things or what kind of problems that could appear.Our conclusion is that the school has a vision about how they should work but today it isn´t working. Some of the teachers are already working in a healthpromoting way but they wishes to have more clearly instuctions. To make the healthpromoting work success, it needs more clearly instructions and a working management.
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Abu, Awwad Dania. "Establishing robust public awareness for successful breast cancer screening in Ras Al-Khaimah, UAE." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27972.
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Aim: The aim of this thesis was to understand better, the beliefs and attitudes of women in Ras Al Khaimah (RAK), United Arab Emirates, toward breast cancer screening so that key elements of a public awareness program could be identified. The social ecological model was used to get a holistic view of breast cancer awareness in RAK through women, nurses, and health organisations.
Methods: Firstly, focus group discussions were held with 28 Emirati and 26 non-Emirati women living in RAK from different age groups (25-34, 30-44, and 45+). Secondly, a train-the-trainer breast cancer workshop was conducted for 17 nurses practicing in RAK and surveys were conducted pre and post-workshop. Thirdly, eight in-depth interviews were conducted with organisational representatives involved in breast cancer campaigns in RAK.
Results: RAK women were familiar with breast cancer screening methods and had positive attitudes towards screening. Women preferred to receive information from doctors or nurses and to have increased access to breast screening throughout the year. The breast cancer training workshop led to increased confidence among nurses regarding their knowledge of, and ability to convey accurate information to patients about breast screening. The organisational representatives have recognised the strengths of using social media and covering screening costs for stronger campaign results. However, limited resources and time have hindered some breast awareness campaigns.
Conclusion: The thesis worked to establish key factors of a breast cancer public awareness program. Important elements include increasing breast cancer screening access for women year-round, minimising cost, and using social media. It’s also important to have continued training for nurses to ensure they are equipped to provide breast cancer information to women and increasing support for breast screening clinics to improve their awareness campaigns and services.
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Balogh, Valeria Ninette. "Meanings of Preconception Health to Overweight Women in an Economically Depressed County." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6818.
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The intention-behavior gap between receiving professional health information and transitioning to improved health behaviors prior to conception is not well understood. In order to improve preconception health across the board, a more integrative understanding of the problem must present itself. This study combined elements from the theory of planned behavior, self-determination theory, and the bioecological model of human development as it's foundation. Qualitative phenomenology and semistructured face-to-face interviews were used to gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which nine overweight and obese women described preconception intentions and beliefs and the bioecological experiences leading to those beliefs. Interpretation of the results suggested socio-environmental conditions that affect the development of beliefs, intentions, and attitudes toward preconception health. Key discoveries regarding planning intention and behavior included laissez faire attitudes toward preconception planning, advice-seeking methods, perceived need to change behaviors, and ability to navigate the healthcare system and social programs. Future recommendations include using the more complex bioecological view to improve the global preconception health imperative. This study's potential for positive social change includes opportunities to hold important conversations about preconception health by disseminating study results locally and the expansion of knowledge in a field dedicated to the improvement of women and infant health worldwide through publication.
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Urbina, Jezabel. "Improving Nutrition among Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Recipients Using a Monetary Incentive Model." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5668.
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The Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) is the United States' largest government assistance program that aims to alleviate food insecurity. The SNAP program allows low-income individuals and families the ability to purchase nutritious foods through a monthly benefit. However, the current body of literature presents evidence of the program's counterproductive effect. The purpose of this study was to determine whether incentivizing SNAP recipients to purchase additional fruits and vegetables was beneficial in increasing such purchases. Social cognitive theory was used as a theoretical framework to address research questions associated with shopping patterns and attitudes and beliefs. This quantitative study used a randomized controlled trial to study differences between incentivized and control groups. The Healthy Incentives Pilot Program (HIP) used a stratified sampling of 55,095 SNAP households receiving benefits between July, 2011, and December, 2012. Statistical analyses (t test, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis) were conducted to identify changes in food shopping patterns and eating behaviors associated with the HIP intervention. Results indicated that (a) incentivizing SNAP recipients leads to an increase in fruit and vegetable purchase, and (b) a correlation exists between fruit and vegetable purchase and attitudes and beliefs. No correlation was found between the intervention and changes in food shopping patterns. Positive social change implications include the improvement of health outcomes in over 43 million people currently enrolled in the SNAP program on a national level.
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Jovanovich, Thane George Carleton University Dissertation Sociology. "The predictive utility of demographic variables for the breast self- examination and the PAP test : an application of the Health Belief Model using the 1985 Health Promotion Survey." Ottawa, 1990.
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Mukaruzima, Lela. "Development of a policy brief to facilitate the implementation of the physical activity/sports policy in Rwanda." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6537.
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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>The importance of health enhancing physical activity participation (HEPA) has always been
emphasized globally, as one of the means to reduce the risk of Non-Communicable Diseases
(NCDs) occurrence. In Africa, it is more relevant currently, due to the growing burden of
NCDs that is coupled with the existing encumbrance of communicable diseases. In Rwanda,
specifically, there are limited national strategies to promote health-enhancing physical
activity. Consequently, the level of physical activity among Rwandans, especially
government office workers, is likely to diminish, which could possibly be attributed to the
rapid urbanization that comes with lifestyle changes. Basically, most people tend to abandon
the traditional labour-intensive activities, which are associated with high energy expenditure,
to more sedentary activities. Therefore, the need to promote health enhancing physical
activity participation is crucial.
Physical activity participation is an intricate and multifaceted behaviour that may not be
viewed from a linear perspective. This current study adopted a socio-ecological framework to
assess the factors that influence Leisure Time Physical Activity (LTPA) among government
employees in Kigali City. The study used an exploratory, sequential, mixed methods of
qualitative and quantitative designs, in order to comprehensively explore and understand the
research problem. Qualitatively, a Case study and exploratory design was used to collect data,
specifically from the Rwanda Sport Policy and its implementing stakeholders. Quantitatively,
a cross-sectional, descriptive design was used to assess and describe the levels of LTPA
among government workers in Kigali City, as well as highlight the various factors that
influence, or limit, their participation.
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Pratiwi, Puspa Setia. "Knowledge-based approach for personalisation in health e-coaching system: Case study on physical activity promotion for individuals with brain impairments." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2021. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/213213/1/Puspa_Pratiwi_Thesis.pdf.
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This research constitutes a knowledge-based approach for selecting suitable health e-coaching strategies and goals. This research needs to acquire the knowledge from health experts in selecting and deciding on relevant physical activity program strategies and goals that need to be available to increase physical activities among individuals with brain impairments. A 'proof-of-concept' prototype has confirmed the feasibility of the proposed knowledge-based approach collected from health experts. A comprehensive evaluation, consisting of both expert-based and user-based validations to the prototype, was conducted. The outcome of the evaluation indicates that PHE-COACH can generate correct outputs compared with health experts' decisions.
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Rebholz, Rita Eve. "Promoting mental health : students' perspectives and experiences of a university environment." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/6054.
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The aim of this flexible, multi-method case-study (after Yin 1994, 2003), was to elicit the 'student perspective' on issues relating to mental well-being within the Higher Education Institution setting. It has been guided by the ideology of the health promotion model, the concept of salutogenesis and the Health Promoting University initiative. Phase One consisted of eleven focus group discussions involving fifty one self-selecting participant undergraduates and a semi-structured interview conducted with the lead medical practitioner of the Medical Centre on site. In Phase Two, a quota sample of 806 undergraduates completed a questionnaire. The three datasets were analysed according to a facilitative and complementary approach (Brannen 2004) and in keeping with assumptions of the paradigms from which they originated. The qualitative data were analysed within the framework provided by Miles and Huberman (1994) and the survey was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The findings demonstrated that this multi-site university may have specific difficulties with regard to the provision of equal access to the support services. Reduced pastoral care could pose risks to the mental well-being of some students whereas the allocation of students to a personal tutor might increase levels of social capital and reduce symptoms of 'anomie'. Conclusions of the study suggest that HEIs need an understanding of the concerns of the students and their help-seeking behaviour in order to define 'health assets' and minimise 'health deficits'. Overall, the development of co-ordinated institutional support service provision - that is responsive to the needs of a diverse student body - facilitates and supports the creation of a salutogenic environment that both promotes and sustains mental well-being. Health education programmes need to address the persistence of stigma and discrimination. Attention should be focused on health protection measures so that all groups of students are treated equally and fairly in order to counter-balance a possible residual biomedical approach to health promotion from within the medical sector provision. As a case-study of one university, the findings may be theoretically generalisable to other similar multi-site HEIs in their mental health promotion provision.
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Bartley, Carmen Ionie. "Complementary Alternative Medicine: Awareness and Perceptions of Health Care Providers Who Provide Systemic Lupus Care." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/740.
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The purpose of this study was to explore healthcare providers' awareness and perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use in providing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) care. This phenomenolgical study was built upon existing research indicating SLE patients' need to foster better communication about CAM use. Participants were recruited from the Long Island Rheumalogical Clinic in the State of New York. Individual in-depth semistructered interviews were conducted to explore the awareness and perceptions of a purposive sample of 10 healthcare providers who care for patients with SLE. Transcripts were analyzed, and categorical themes were developed. Guided by the use of the shared decision-making model and self-efficacy theory, 5 themes emerged: varied knowledge and experiences with CAM varied, participants' personal experience and perceived effectiveness led to patient guidance and advice, perceived benefits of CAM use, participants as patient advocates, and initiatives for further research. Study findings revealed that the knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs of health care providers regarding the use of CAM shed light on the importance of health promotion to guide future research, both within and beyond CAM. Strategies are recommended to increase awareness and understanding of CAM use through proper education and advocacy. This research may lead to positive social change in that providers may use the information in this research to break down barriers to communication between patients and professionals regarding CAM usage.
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Cappe, Shauna. "Social Barriers to Physical Activity for Individuals with Physical Disabilities." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23339.
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The purpose of this thesis was to explore socially constructed discursive barriers to physical activity for people with physical disabilities. This research was informed by a critical disability studies framework. Eight interviews were conducted, split between end-users and stakeholders. The end-user article discusses their perspectives with regard to their own PA participation, their use of PA resources, and their views of how disability is constructed. The stakeholder article deals with their views with regard to Canada’s progress in creating inclusive PA guidelines, the research process as it effects people with physical disabilities, and how disability is constructed. The results showed awareness among both groups of the social model of disability, but that the medical model is still firmly rooted. Work is needed to create inclusive promotional materials and disseminate them effectively. An effective advocacy and lobbying effort was suggested as one avenue towards a possible solution to this issue.
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Bowen, Annie. "Creating and Piloting a Survey to Determine Readiness for Telehealth in Rural Populations in Ohio." Otterbein University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=otbn1587476978286954.
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Balaam, Sarah. "Alcohol use and associated health behaviours of women who have been treated for breast cancer." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/130711/14/Sarah_Balaam_Thesis_DisseminationCopy.pdf.
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This study utilised mixed methods to determine the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors associated with alcohol consumption in women previously treated for breast cancer. Underpinned by the Precede-Proceed theoretical model, the study considered quantification of alcohol consumption; demographic, psychosocial, and health-related factors associated with alcohol use; and whether a tailored e-health lifestyle intervention changed alcohol-related health behaviours. Findings provided much needed insight into the predisposing, enabling, and reinforcing factors that shape alcohol consumption in the target population.
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Morrison, Ian. "Mental health promotion through supported further education : an evaluation of student support for people with mental needs, utilising Antonovsky's salutogenic sense of coherence model." Thesis, University of Kent, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408474.
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Smith, Andrew M. "UTILIZING THE SOCIAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL TO ADDRESS DRINKING BEHAVIORS AMONG COLLEGE STUDENTS PARTICIPATING IN NCAA DIVISION I NON-REVENUE GENERATING SPORTS." UKnowledge, 2017. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/epe_etds/56.
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College students between the ages of 18 and 24 are considered high-risk for alcohol-related negative consequences due to drinking at high-risk levels (Barry, Howell & Salaga, 2015). Within that population, varsity student athletes are considered at even greater risk for those issues (Druckman, 2015; Wechsler, 2002).
With football and men’s basketball being considered the only revenue-generating NCAA Division I sports, non-revenue-generating sports consist of the majority of student athletes (NCAA, 2016). This study is designed to examine high-risk drinking as well as alcohol-related consequences among non-revenue-generating student athletes attending a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I school.
The sample population for this study attends a large, Power 5 Conference, NCAA Division I institution located in the United States. Of the sample, there are 228 respondents representing the majority of non-revenue-generating sports and nearly 68% of the total population of student athletes who participated in non-revenue-generating sports. Utilizing the Athletic Identification Measurement Scale (AIMS), the Identification of Psychological Group scale (IDPG), and the Harvard College Alcohol Study (Wechsler, 2002), this study identifies factors that may associate with high-risk drinking and alcohol-related consequences set within the framework of the Social Ecological Model of Prevention (Brewer Van Raalte & Linder, 1993).
Through descriptive statistics and basic correlation methods, the study examines the role of factors in four of the five levels of the Social Ecological Model of Prevention (individual, relationship, organizational, and community—public policy is not used for this study) as compared to high-risk drinking and alcohol-related negative consequences. The findings of this study indicate that this population experiences negative consequences in greater volume than respondents to the College Alcohol Study (Wecshler, 2002) and the NCAA Alcohol Study (2014), which may imply that non-revenue-generating student athletes are at a higher risk than revenue-generating athletes. Additionally, teams with the most dissonance regarding the team alcohol policy are more likely to experience alcohol-related negative consequences. Teams that are consistent in their understanding of the team alcohol policy experience fewer alcohol-related negative consequences, regardless of the overall levels of high-risk drinking.
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Kalp, Ericka Lynne. "Predictors of Influenza Vaccination Compliance Among Union and Nonunion Workers in a Pennsylvania Health Care System." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2318.
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To improve U.S. residents' health, advocates are focusing their efforts on workplace health. Researchers have found that unionization is a positive influence on workers' participation in health promotion programs relating to smoking and obesity prevention. However, the effect of union membership on other health promotion initiatives, such as influenza vaccination compliance among health care workers, has not been examined. The purpose of this quantitative study was to address this knowledge gap between a union and a nonunion health care facility in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The health belief model was used to determine if different domains of influenza vaccination perception predicted vaccination behaviors among union and nonunion health care workers. A secondary analysis was performed on the 2013-2014 Influenza Vaccination Survey, which was completed by 2,480 health care workers. While a chi-square analysis showed that vaccination compliance was not statistically different between facilities, a binary logistic regression revealed a significant difference in predicted vaccination behaviors for each domain of influenza vaccination perceptions. Among union health care workers, perceived barriers yielded the highest positive predictability of vaccination compliance, whereas perceived benefits were positively associated with vaccination compliance among nonunion workers. These study findings affect social change by identifying vaccine compliance predictors among union and nonunion health care workers. By focusing on these predictors, health care facilities may be able to improve levels of vaccination compliance and achieve the Joint Commissions' vaccination goal of 90% compliance amongst all healthcare workers.
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Alalawi, Salwa Saleh Mohammed. "Knowledge, perception, action and intention to modify healthy lifestyle behaviour in Omani patients at risk of stroke." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31203.
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Morbidity due to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) has become a worldwide epidemic. As a result, the United Nations (2015) Sustainable Developmental Goals (SDGs) included goal (3.4) that aims to reduce the premature mortality from NCDs by one third. All countries, regardless of income, are required to develop strategies and achieve a reduction in the burden of NCDs. This study, conducted in the Sultanate of Oman, aimed to explore individuals' knowledge, perceptions, actions and intentions to modify their lifestyle to reduce their risk of stroke. The Health Belief Model (HBM) was used as the underpinning theoretical framework to provide a broader conceptual understanding of the Omani sociocultural and structural influences on individuals' lifestyles. A convergent mixed methods design within a realist social constructionism methodology was used. Both quantitative (344 questionnaires) and qualitative (10 interviews) data were integrated using a narrative weaving approach. The study results confirm that both agency and structure influenced the adoption of healthy behaviours in Oman. The study indicates that the study participants are likely to engage in health-related behaviours when they perceived the benefit of such a course of actions in term of it reducing their risk of stroke. The study found that in the Omani setting, individual factors such as fear, family experience and physical sickness, the psychological status of chronic conditions and a cost-benefit analysis of the behaviour influence the individuals' decisions to practise a healthy lifestyle. The major finding in the study showed that perceptions of risk vary among individuals who share the same culture and religion, particularly individual perception of religious belief was found to influence their susceptibility to stroke risk. In addition, the study identified some sociocultural and structural factors that influenced the individuals' decisions to engage in a healthy lifestyle. This study presents an extended HBM to incorporate the role of individual religious beliefs as an individual factor. The study suggests that health improvement plans are needed in Oman to develop both individual- and community- level interventions to achieve the target of SDGs for NCDs.
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Ard, Donny D. "The Influence of Family History of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Positive Health Behavior Changes Among African Americans." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6510.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a disease that affects the body's ability to metabolize glucose effectively. The disease is predicted to be prevalent in over 300 million people by the year 2030. African Americans (AA) have the highest prevalence rates in the United States. Lifestyle modification and awareness of risk factors, including family history, are important aspects for prevention of developing T2DM. The purpose of this study was to understand if a family history of T2DM played an influential role in individuals making positive health behavior changes for T2DM prevention. The phenomenological study was grounded in the health belief model. Participants selected for this study were at least 18 years of age, self-identified as AA, self-reported a family history of T2DM, and were not diagnosed with the disease themselves. Transcriptions of 20 face-to-face interviews were stored and organized via a qualitative research software NVivo Version 12 for Mac and later analyzed for data outcome. Participants demonstrated a strong awareness of T2DM with an accurate definition of T2DM and explanation of signs, symptoms, and prevention. Participants recognized family history as a risk factor in only 55% of the responses. However, family history played a major role in prevention in the lives of the participants. The participants reflected on personal barriers to health behavior changes and were encouraged to incorporate better life choices in their own lives. This research offers communities, healthcare providers, and stakeholders a better understanding of the importance of family history as a risk factor to T2DM as programs are developed to mitigate health disparities in the AA community.
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Rhoden, Makeva M. "Spheres of Influence: Understanding African American Males' Perceptions and Attitudes toward Infant Feeding Practices." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1923.
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Although U.S. breastfeeding rates have steadily increased since 2000, there continues to be a disparity in breastfeeding rates for African American (AA) women compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. A male partner's perception, specifically his positive attitude toward breastfeeding, may influence breastfeeding initiation and duration rates. This study was an exploration of AA male perceptions and attitudes toward breastfeeding and what effect masculinity ideology (gender norms) has on such attitudes. The socio-ecological model (SEM) was used as the theoretical framework to examine the various environmental levels that intersect with one another to influence these attitudes. A mixed methods study design, using (a) an online survey combining the Iowa Infant Feeding Attitudes Scale (IIFAS) and the Male Role Norms Scales (MRNS) (N =206) and (b) 3 focus group sessions (N = 17), was used to collect data. African American men ages 18 and older were eligible to participate in the study. Results of the regression analysis showed a negative correlation between positive breastfeeding attitudes and traditional masculinity ideology. Nvivo analysis of focus group transcripts revealed themes of gender norms, knowledge of breastfeeding, and public opinions. The themes from the focus groups were categorized using the 4 levels of the SEM: Individual, Relationships, Community, and Societal; themes corresponded with Levels 1 (Individual) and 4 (Societal) of the SEM. These results indicate that a gender-transformative approach may be used to strengthen breastfeeding-promotion interventions targeting AA males. The positive social change implications of this research include a paradigm shift in views on gender norms and increased engagement of men in decisions that affect infant and child health and development.
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Strauch, Jessica. "Support of Maternity Care Practices to Increase Breastfeeding Among First-Time Mothers." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/557.
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Breastfeeding offers numerous health benefits to both the mother and infant, yet it is not routinely practiced due to a number of internal and external factors that influence the mother's decision. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of required reporting to The Joint Commission on perinatal measures, a proxy measure for maternity care practices, and those professional effects on breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity for first-time mothers. The hypotheses were that the mandatory reporting, and thus an increase in maternity care practices, would increase the initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding on discharge in first-time mothers. This study was a quantitative retrospective study design that included data collected from the medical records of 1,000 mothers from Southeast Alabama Medical Center who gave birth between 2013 and 2014. The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratio for initiation of breastfeeding was greater among first-time mothers after implementation of mandatory reporting measures (OR = 2.07; p = 0.0007); however, the odds for exclusive breastfeeding on discharge did not show a statistically significant change (OR = 0.94; p = 0.7507). These findings may inform the work of healthcare providers at hospitals, community centers, and public health workers, guiding their maternity care practices to increase the number of first-time mothers who will breastfeed for longer periods of time and improving children's health outcomes.