Relevant bibliographies by topics / Beauty contests

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Beauty contests'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Kim, Jung-Hye. "The Comparison and Analysis of Make-up and Hair Style of International and Domestic Beauty Contest." Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology 28, no. 3 (June 30, 2022): 500–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.52660/jksc.2022.28.3.500.

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This study is about beauty style focused on the grand prize winner of the Miss World Korea contest held independently in 2011 being separated from Miss Korea contest, the winners of the Miss Queen Korea contest called national representative beauty trio, and Mis Jin who is the main winner Miss Korea contest. It was conducted through comparative analysis of makeup and hairstyles in world beauty contests and domestic beauty contests. Comparing and analyzing different patterns through the characteristics of makeup and hairstyles in international beauty contests and domestic beauty contests is expected to be used as a source of new pattern research and a material of marketing in beauty industry in the future and there is a purpose that it contributes to the provocation for Korea to be a global beauty powerhouse. The makeup and hairstyles of beauties were analyzed using research papers books, Miss Queen Korea site, photo collection of Miss Korea site, Internet search, and interviews with contestants and other winners. As a result of the analysis, the world beauty pageant has a more apparent shading and smoky makeup to express sexy with boldness overly emphasizing the eye hole, and the hairstyle is also definitely given back comb to be exaggeratedly inflated, making the face look small, and the western image of a seductive style. The domestic beauty pageant broke away from the flashy and shady makeup of the past and changed to an elegant and calm natural makeup style, and the hair style was also changed from being expanded and inflated to calm and oriental image of intellectual and announcer. In previous studies, there was a close relationship between the trend beauty style and the beauty style of the beauty pageant, but in particular, in the case of the international beauty pageant, the trend and the beauty style of the beauty contest were expressed in a different form due to disimilar needs against the past, and there was no significant relationship.
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Loewen, Peter John, Kelly Hinton, and Lior Sheffer. "Beauty contests and strategic voting." Electoral Studies 38 (June 2015): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.01.001.

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Kahn, Brenda. "DISCRIMINATION IN FINANCIAL BEAUTY CONTESTS." Journal of International Finance and Economics 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.18374/jife-18-2.7.

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Harker, Sydney. "“A Galaxy of Youth and Beauty”: Beauty Entertainment in Late Victorian Ontario." Journal of the Canadian Historical Association 32, no. 1 (July 26, 2022): 39–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1090742ar.

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In late nineteenth-century Ontario, beauty contests and shows were forms of entertainment influenced in part by shifting cultural trends in entertainment and newspaper reports from outside of Canada. While commercialized beauty shows took place in theatres and filled a growing space for leisure entertainment, beauty contests were often held at community events, such as agricultural fairs and association picnics. As practices of inherently sexualized bodily display, they functioned as sites of acceptable public desirability. Late nineteenth-century beauty entertainment capitalized on the heightened visibility of women in public spaces and popular interest in public display in late Victorian Ontario, which, as read through the Ontario press, resulted in an expression of modernity where women’s cultural value was tied to their appearance.
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Utanir, Sinem. "1929 BEAUTY CONTEST IN THE CONTEXT OF PUBLIC RELATIONS HISTORY." Journal of International Relations 1, no. 1 (January 10, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47604/jir.1588.

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Even though the beauty phenomenon always includes a subjective judgement, it is alwaysan important crossroads because it includes conceptualizations such as Westernizationand modernization in the institutionalization of beauty contests.Especially when we start to discuss over Turkey, external appearance -orientedexplanations in which the Westernization and modernization can easily be observed andwhich are our reference points drag us up to the beauty contests.The beauty contests, which can be examined as a symbol of social reconversion after thewar of Independence, were ignored in social sciences studies, in particular the habit ofreading through the window of History of Public Relations could not be established.These competitions are labeled with different disintegrations and different readings thatappear or do not appear since the publication of the Republic of Turkey. Beauty contestsand the reactions to them are an example of how even beauty might become politicizedand might become a political space where the views of the country are transmitted by themedia frames.In this study, the first official beauty contest organized by the Cumhuriyet Newspaper inyear 1929 is discussed within the scope of the history of Public Relations. In the study,articles, theses and various books were used regarding the subject. In addition, newspublished about the beauty contests at the Cumhuriyet and Hâkimiyeti Milliye 1(Domination of the Nation) (Ulus) newspapers during 1929, which constitute the basis ofthis study, were examined day by day and discussed within this context of the PublicRelations History
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Iredale, Mathew. "Why elections are literally beauty contests." Philosophers' Magazine, no. 51 (2010): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tpm2010518.

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Daley, Caroline. "The body builder and beauty contests." Journal of Australian Studies 25, no. 71 (January 2001): 55–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14443050109387720.

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Breitmoser, Yves. "Strategic reasoning in p-beauty contests." Games and Economic Behavior 75, no. 2 (July 2012): 555–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geb.2012.02.010.

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Hermansyah, Hermansyah. "KONTES KECANTIKAN DAN EKSPLOITASI PEREMPUAN DALAM MEDIA." Marwah: Jurnal Perempuan, Agama dan Jender 10, no. 2 (November 2, 2011): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/marwah.v10i2.491.

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The beauty contest is a contest which covered and broadcasted by many of electronic and printed media, This social fenomena arises the questions, what is the goal of this contest ?, what are the requirements which must be fulfilled by the participant, what are the creteria of assesments, face beauty, ideal body size, or clothes weared by the participant ?. Is the intellectual factor including into assessment of creteria ? or are there any other requirements must be fulfilled by the participant?, why does media seems more enthusiastic to published and broadcasts this activity?. From all the questions, the writer wishes to analyse, is the taking part of women in this contest and the enthusiastic of media to published and broadcasts this activity is an exploitation of media toward woman? The analaysis showed that the international, national and local beauty contests is an exploitation of media toward woman.
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Gorbushina, Christina Evgenievna, and Gennady Borisovich Morozov. "NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES OF beauty contests for CHILDREN." Pedagogical Education in Russia, no. 8 (2017): 129–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26170/po17-08-20.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Rowe, Rochelle. "Imagining Caribbean Womanhood : Racialised Femininities, Colour-blind Nationalisms and Beauty Contests." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.520113.

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Thompson, Elisabeth Blumer. "Trailer park royalty Southern child beauty pageants, girlhood and power /." Click here to access dissertation, 2007. http://www.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/archive/spring2007/elisabeth_b_thompson/thompson_elisabeth_b_200708_edd.pdf.

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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Georgia Southern University, 2007.
"A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Georgia Southern University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Education." Curriculum Studies, under the direction of William M. Reynolds. ETD. Electronic version approved: December 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 208-228) and appendices.
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Gentile, Patrizia. "Searching for "Miss Civil Service" and "Mr. Civil Service"; gender anxiety, beauty contests and fruit machines in the Canadian civil service, 1950-1973." Ottawa, 1996.

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Williams, Heather A. "Miss Homegrown the performance of food, festival, and femininity in local queen pageants /." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1245452161.

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Lin, Pei-Ta. "Strategic uncertainty in capital markets." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/104122/1/Pei-Ta_Lin_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis advances our understanding of financial markets from a game-theoretical perspective. Using tools from auction theory (mechanism design), I show how financial market anomalies arise from the strategic interactions between market speculators in the IPO and short selling markets. In doing so, I highlight how seemingly irrational market phenomena have rational microeconomic foundations and highlight how market designs can inadvertently promote speculative trading behaviours.
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Banks, Micaela Choo. "White beauty : a content analysis of the portrayals of minorities in teen beauty magazines /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1128.pdf.

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Banks, Micaela Choo. "White Beauty: The Portrayal of Minorities in Teen Beauty Magazines." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/811.

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This content analysis examines the representations of minorities in the two most popular teen beauty magazines: Seventeen and YM. Nine issues for 2003 constituted the sample frame yielding a total of 620 advertisements containing human models. After setting up a theoretical framework of the new racism and White beauty, this study investigates the portrayals of minority models. Overall, when compared with earlier studies the number of minority models used in mainstream magazine advertising rose and the portrayals of minority models in prominent roles increased. Yet, the subtle nature of the new racism was reinforced in the following findings: Prominent models were more likely to be light skin than medium skin or dark skin; Black and Hispanic models appeared in more expensive advertisements than Asians and Whites; minority models were less likely to be seen in the workplace than whites but more likely to be portrayed in leisure places and school than whites. Chi-square analysis (p< .000) revealed a significant difference between a model's skin tone and body exposure. A textual analysis reinforced the findings of the new racism in teen magazine advertising. It also led to additional perspective on racial hierarchy, long standing stereotypes in the mass media and the White standard of beauty. Although a content analysis cannot be used to determine media effects, this study adds to the body of research on the portrayals of minorities in advertising, White beauty and the new racism. It suggests a number of further issues to examine.
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Simisic, Pasic Lamila. "Justify Beauty, Architectural Sensorium." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/586174.

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The thesis traces architecture intertwined with its environment, and what could be a possible organ that is part of such communication. It is giving an articulation, towards Architectural Sensorium. Powerful and differences of symbiosis between environment and architecture is stressed by nation of Beauty. Obsession of the Beauty on the beginning of the 21st century, parallel to similar obsession on a beginning of 20th, might bring us some novel understandings and insights in our creative doctrine. Intentionally thesis studied, nation of Beauty rather than aesthetics. It is exploring kind of new, wild and brave Beauty. Similar to relation in-between art and culture, sits relation in-between aesthetics and Beauty. While culture a contrary to art, expresses continuity and coherence, art posses singularity of a wildness and surprising nature. This thesis attempts to address question, whether architecture could be build out of nothing. Although it is important for architecture to be recognized and to recognize in its discourse the convergences of science, technology, biology computation or philosophy, this research still has more concern towards searching niche for or of possible architecture, somewhere which does not belong nether to any particular domain. Part of this research focuses on how Beauty is inscribe possible life, that starving for merge between human and human, within artificial realm, and finally to be displaced elsewhere. It analyzes procedure and methods of decomposition of body of Beauty, to make it eligible to become part of possible world. Examinations of, literal and artistic creations, are relied on brave, unconventional and wild examples, rather than on architectural masterpieces. Question to be answer is; can we Justify Beauty and is there any relevance in its justification and implications; is it important to create architecture with sensorium; and what sits out of relation between Beauty and sensorium? This has created a framework for further contributions, besides of rethinking of power of Beauty, to give an importance of Architectural Sensorium towards Global Sensorium.
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Jones, Kristen. "When Beauty is More Than Skin Deep: A Content Analysis of Popular Beauty YouTubers’ Video Strategies." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3716.

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The beauty community on YouTube is a popular outlet for influencer generated video content. Beauty YouTubers provide their viewers with makeup-related videos from tutorials to the latest trends on the platform. As a result, the influencers have gained high subscriber counts that generate revenue through advertisements and brand partnerships. The influencers create relationships with their subscribers that lead to loyalty in the form of video views and merchandise purchasing. This study provides a content analysis of common characteristics within 10 popular beauty YouTubers’ videos examining the strategies used by the influencers. The top five videos from each beauty YouTuber were selected resulting in a total of 50 videos analyzed. Parasocial Interaction and Framing theories were the theoretical frameworks for this study. The results of this study indicated a series of commonly used characteristics within the most popular videos posted by the top beauty influencers on YouTube.
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Adkins, Olivia C. "Beauty in Snowflakes: Complexity and Visual Aesthetics." TopSCHOLAR®, 2016. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/1561.

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Experimental aesthetics research has been conducted since the nineteenth century. Interestingly, however, few studies have examined the perceived beauty of naturally shaped objects. In the current experiment, 204 participants were presented with a set of ten snowflake silhouettes that varied in complexity (perimeter relative to area); they were similarly presented with ten randomly-shaped, computer-generated, solid objects that also varied in complexity. For each stimulus set, the participants selected the single snowflake or object that was the most beautiful (Fechner’s method of choice). The results for the solid objects replicated the findings of earlier research: the most and least complex objects were chosen as the most beautiful. Moderately complex objects were rarely selected. The results for the snowflakes were different. For these visual stimuli, the least complex snowflakes were almost never chosen; only the complex snowflakes were perceived to be most beautiful, with the aesthetic preference increasing with increases in complexity.
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Books on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Noël, Merino, ed. Beauty pageants. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2010.

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Blair, L. E. Beauty queens. Racine, Wis: Western Pub. Co., 1991.

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Stein, Elissa. Beauty queen: Here she comes--. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2006.

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Bivans, Ann-Marie. 101 secrets to winning beauty pageants. Secaucus, N.J: Carol Pub. Group, 1995.

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Albor, Rodríguez, ed. Misses de Venezuela: reinas que cautivaron a un país: Crónicas, reportajes y testimonios del concurso Miss Venezuela. Caracas, Venezuela: Libros de El Nacional, 2005.

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Vega, Aida Ganoza. Treinta años de los concursos de Marinera. [Truijillo, Perú?: s.n., 1993.

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Zuckerman, Lilla. Beauty queen blowout. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2003.

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Pathak, Jayshree. The crowning secrets of beauty queens. New Delhi: Jaico Pub. House, 2006.

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Watthanasuk, Witsawēt. Kanyā Thīansawāng: Pœ̄t tamnān Nāngsāo Sayām. Krung Thēp: Bō̜risat Diʻǣtphairœ̄ Krup, 2010.

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Lubián, Enrique Sánchez. Emelina, la belleza que alumbró a la República: Orígenes de los concursos de misses en España, 1929-1932. [Ciudad Real]: Diputación Provincial de Ciudad Real, Área de Cultura, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Henderson, Margaret, and Anthea Taylor. "YouTube beauty vlogs." In Postfeminism in Context, 123–54. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315179872-5.

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Curtice, John, and Sarinder Hunjan. "Elections as Beauty Contests." In Political Leaders and Democratic Elections, 91–107. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:osobl/9780199259007.003.0006.

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Konrad, Kai A. "An Introduction to Contests." In Strategy and Dynamics in Contests, 1–22. Oxford University PressOxford, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199549597.003.0001.

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Abstract There are many types of interaction in which players expend effort in trying to get ahead of their rivals. Such interactions include marketing and advertising by firms, litigation, relative reward schemes in firms, beauty contests by firms, and rent-seeking for rents allocated by a public regulator, political competition, patent races, and entertainment activities such as sports.
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Tossounian, Cecilia. "Embodying the Nation." In La Joven Moderna in Interwar Argentina, 94–113. University Press of Florida, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9781683401162.003.0006.

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Chapter 5 turns to modern girls who were called to serve the nation through their beauty. Beauty contests, such as Miss Universe, functioned as an arena for debates about Argentina’s ideals of womanhood and its national identity. Beauty contestants embodied an ideal that valorized whiteness as it emerged from the intermingling of diverse “white European races,” and promoted a mollified version of the upper-class modern girl figure. At the same time, in forging images of argentinidad and representing a modern Argentine femininity, the winners of these contests embodied values of nationhood that symbolized the progress Argentina was achieving, as well as its potential among nations.
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HAMMOND, JOYCE D. "Tenues Végétales in Beauty Contests of French Polynesia:." In Authenticity and Authorship in Pacific Island Encounters, 39–70. Berghahn Books, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv2tsxjdk.5.

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"Modeling idea markets: between beauty contests and prediction markets." In Prediction Markets, 24–37. Routledge, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203815526-6.

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Lieu, Nhi T. "Pageantry and Nostalgia: Beauty Contests and the Gendered Homeland." In The American Dream in Vietnamese, 59–78. University of Minnesota Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5749/minnesota/9780816665693.003.0003.

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"Games, beauty contests, and equilibrium: the foundations of structural invariance." In Statistical Games and Human Affairs, 187–216. Cambridge University Press, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511898099.007.

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"Who's a Pretty Boy Then? Or Beauty Contests, Rationality and Greater Fools." In Behavioural Investing, 159–75. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118673430.ch13.

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Gallon, Kim T. "Bathing Beauties and Predatory Lesbians." In Pleasure in the News, 74–104. University of Illinois Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252043222.003.0004.

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Chapter 3 explains how the Black Press featured the overt display and sexualization of black women’s bodies in the context of bathing beauty contests and recreation on public beaches and pools. The Black Press worked to transform pernicious notions of heterosexual black women as ugly, mannish, and uncivilized and meet their readers’ imagined desire for respectable and sexual images of African American women. However, chapter 3 also argues that this transformation was dependent on the demonization of black lesbians whom the Black Press cast as dangerous and predatory. Chapter 3 concludes that black bathing beauties’ photographs challenged vicious white stereotypes and aided a new generation of African American women’s attempts to reconstruct their public image even as they rendered the black lesbian as the embodiment of depravity.
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Conference papers on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Levy, Priel, David Sarne, and Igor Rochlin. "Contest Design with Uncertain Performance and Costly Participation." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/43.

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This paper studies the problem of designing contests for settings where a principal seeks to optimize the quality of the best performance obtained, and potential contestants only strategize about whether to participate in the contest, as participation incurs some cost. This type of contest can be mapped to various real-life settings (e.g., an audition, a beauty pageant, technology crowdsourcing). The paper provides a comparative game-theoretic based solution to two variants of the above underlying model: parallel and sequential contest, enabling a characterization of the equilibrium strategies in each. Special emphasis is placed on the case where the contestants are homogeneous which is often the case in real-life whenever the contestants are basically alike and their ranking in the contest is mostly influenced by some probabilistic factors (e.g., luck). Here, several (somehow counter-intuitive) properties of the equilibrium are proved, in particular for the sequential contest, leading to a comprehensive characterization of the principal preference between the two.
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Harris, Christopher G. "The beauty contest revisited." In the First International Workshop. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2594776.2594780.

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Cotton, William, John Monnier, Fabien Baron, Karl-Heinz Hofmann, Stefan Kraus, Gerd Weigelt, Sridharan Rengaswamy, et al. "2008 imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. SPIE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.788903.

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Lawson, Peter R., William D. Cotton, Christian A. Hummel, Fabien Baron, John S. Young, Stefan Kraus, Karl-Heinz Hofmann, et al. "2006 interferometry imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by John D. Monnier, Markus Schöller, and William C. Danchi. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.670409.

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Lawson, Peter R., William D. Cotton, Christian A. Hummel, John D. Monnier, Ming Zhao, John S. Young, Hrobjartur Thorsteinsson, et al. "An interferometry imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Wesley A. Traub. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.550710.

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Monnier, John D., Jean-Philippe Berger, Jean-Baptiste Le Bouquin, Peter G. Tuthill, Markus Wittkowski, Rebekka Grellmann, André Müller, et al. "The 2014 interferometric imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Jayadev K. Rajagopal, Michelle J. Creech-Eakman, and Fabien Malbet. SPIE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2057312.

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Sanchez-Bermudez, J., E. Thiébaut, K. H. Hofmann, M. Heininger, D. Schertl, G. Weigelt, F. Millour, et al. "The 2016 interferometric imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Fabien Malbet, Michelle J. Creech-Eakman, and Peter G. Tuthill. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2231982.

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Baron, Fabien, William D. Cotton, Peter R. Lawson, Steve T. Ridgway, Alicia Aarnio, John D. Monnier, Karl-Heinz Hofmann, et al. "The 2012 interferometric imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, edited by Françoise Delplancke, Jayadev K. Rajagopal, and Fabien Malbet. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.924907.

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Malbet, Fabien, William Cotton, Gilles Duvert, Peter Lawson, Andrea Chiavassa, John Young, Fabien Baron, et al. "The 2010 interferometric imaging beauty contest." In SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.857066.

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Rymanov, Alexander. "LTE spectrum allocation: A beauty contest scenario." In 2013 8th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2013.6616913.

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Reports on the topic "Beauty contests"

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Angeletos, George-Marios, Guido Lorenzoni, and Alessandro Pavan. Beauty Contests and Irrational Exuberance: A Neoclassical Approach. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15883.

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Graham, John, Campbell Harvey, and Manju Puri. A Corporate Beauty Contest. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15906.

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Prud’homme, Joseph. Quakerism, Christian Tradition, and Secular Misconceptions: A Christian’s Thoughts on the Political Philosophy of Ihsan. IIIT, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47816/01.006.20.

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In his elegant and insightful book Muqtedar Khan admonishes Muslims to do beautiful things. It is an arresting call in a book itself beautiful in style, clarity, and boldness of vision for a better world. Professor Khan’s quest for beauty in a specific Muslim context: the beauty that arises when actions are done with the inescapable sense that God sees all one does – or, Ihsan. But what exactly do the commands of God require of those who, knowing He is watching, set themselves the task of scrupulously doing His will?
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Bault, Shawn M. Beauty is in the Eye of the Beholder: A Tale of Strategic Context and Operational Art in Iraq, 2004-2008. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566709.

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Blaxter, Tamsin, and Tara Garnett. Primed for power: a short cultural history of protein. TABLE, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56661/ba271ef5.

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Protein has a singularly prominent place in discussions about food. It symbolises fitness, strength and masculinity, motherhood and care. It is the preferred macronutrient of affluence and education, the mark of a conscientious diet in wealthy countries and of wealth and success elsewhere. Through its association with livestock it stands for pastoral beauty and tradition. It is the high-tech food of science fiction, and in discussions of changing agricultural systems it is the pivotal nutrient around which good and bad futures revolve. There is no denying that we need protein and that engaging with how we produce and consume it is a crucial part of our response to the environmental crises. But discussions of these issues are affected by their cultural context—shaped by the power of protein. Given this, we argue that it is vital to map that cultural power and understand its origins. This paper explores the history of nutritional science and international development in the Global North with a focus on describing how protein gained its cultural meanings. Starting in the first half of the 19th century and running until the mid-1970s, it covers two previous periods when protein rose to singular prominence in food discourse: in the nutritional science of the late-19th century, and in international development in the post-war era. Many parallels emerge, both between these two eras and in comparison with the present day. We hope that this will help to illuminate where and why the symbolism and story of protein outpace the science—and so feed more nuanced dialogue about the future of food.
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6

Smith, Adam, Madison Story, August Fuelberth, and Megan Tooker. Historic landscape inventory for Zachary Taylor National Cemetery, Louisville, KY. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/48753.

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This project was undertaken to provide the US Department of Veterans Affairs, National Cemetery Administration, with a cultural landscape inventory of Zachary Taylor National Cemetery via funding from the St Louis Mandatory Center of Expertise (MCX) for the Curation and Management of Archaeological Collections (CMAC). The 16-acre cemetery, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, is found in Louisville, Kentucky, and contains more than 11,400 burials. The US Army Engineer Research and Development Center-Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) was tasked with inventorying and assessing the cultural landscape at Zachary Taylor National Cemetery through the creation of a landscape development context, a description of current conditions, and an analysis of changes to the cultural landscape over time. All landscape features were included in the survey as federal policy on national cemeteries requires that all national cemetery landscape features be considered contributing elements, regardless of age. The historic landscape elements of the cemetery, like the original over-arching Beaux-Arts plan and circulation, cannot be restored due to the current number of burials. However, some elements can be reemphasized by historic landscape management planning, such as the restoration of the portions of the allée of pin oak (Quercus palustris) trees.
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Watkins, Chris B., Susan Lurie, Amnon Lers, and Patricia L. Conklin. Involvement of Antioxidant Enzymes and Genes in the Resistance Mechanism to Postharvest Superficial Scald Development. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586539.bard.

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The objective of this research project was to evaluate the involvement of antioxidant enzymes and genes in the resistance mechanism to postharvest superficial scald development using two primary systems: 1. Resistant and susceptible progenies of an apple cross between a scald resistant crab apple, ‘White Angel’ and a scald susceptible cultivar, ‘Rome Beauty’; 2. Heat-treatment of ‘Granny Smith’, which is known to reduce scald development in this cultivar. In 2002 we asked for, and received (October 14), permission to revise our initial objectives. The US side decided to expand their results to include further work using commercial cultivars. Also, both sides wanted to include an emphasis on the interaction between these antioxidant enzymes and the á-farnesene pathway, with the cooperation of a third party, Dr. Bruce Whitaker, USDA-ARS, Beltsville. Background: Superficial scald is a physiological storage disorder that causes damage to the skin of apple and pear fruit. It is currently controlled by use of an antioxidant, diphenylamine (DPA), applied postharvest by drenching or dips, but concern exists about such chemical usage especially as it also involves application of fungicides. As a result, there has been increased emphasis on understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in disorder development. Our approach was to focus on the oxidative processes that occur during scald development, and specifically on using the two model systems described above to determine if the levels of specific antioxidants and/or antioxidant enzyme activities correlated with the presence/absence of scald. It was hoped that information about the role of antioxidant-defense mechanisms would lead to identification of candidate genes for future transgenic manipulation. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Collectively, our results highlight the complexity of superficial scald developmental processes. Studies involving comparisons of antioxidant enzyme activities in different crab apple selection, commercial cultivars, and in response to postharvest heat and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments, show no simple direct relationships with antioxidant contents and susceptibility of fruit to scald development. However, a correlative relationship was found between POX activity or isoenzyme number and scald resistance in most of the studies. This relationship, if confirmed, could be exploited in breeding for scald resistance. In addition, our investigations with key genes in the á-farnesenebiosynthetic pathway, together with antioxidant processes, are being followed up by analysis of exposed and shaded sides of fruit of cultivars that show different degrees of scald control by 1-MCP. These data may further reveal productive areas for future research that will lead to long term control of the disorder. However, given the complexity of scald development, the greatest research need is the production of transgenic fruit with down-regulated genes involved in á- farnesene biosynthesis in order to test the currently popular hypothesis for scald development.
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8

Naffi, Nadia, Ann-Louise Davidson, and Didier Paquelin. Perturbation dans et par les bureaux de soutien à l’enseignement pendant la pandémie COVID-19: Innover pour l'avenir de l'enseignement supérieur. Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’intelligence artificielle et du numérique, September 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.61737/dmbr6218.

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Aujourd'hui, la communauté éducative dans son ensemble est confrontée à un défi universel : se préparer à l'ère de la post-pandémie-COVID-19. Ce défi signifie qu’il faut assurer un enseignement équitable et de qualité ainsi qu'une évaluation efficace et efficiente de l'apprentissage selon des modalités hybrides, flexibles ou entièrement à distance. En outre, les bureaux de soutien à l’enseignement (BSE) jouent un rôle essentiel pour relever et surmonter ce défi. Ce livre blanc met en lumière la manière dont les BSE, les centres d'enseignement et d'apprentissage et les entités équivalentes ont abordé et prévoient d'aborder les tendances et les problèmes de l'apprentissage numérique dans le contexte de la perturbation de l'enseignement causée par la COVID-19. Il commence par un aperçu du rôle traditionnel que les BSE et les entités équivalentes ont joué depuis leur création dans les établissements d'enseignement. Il décrit ensuite comment ce rôle a évolué pour devenir les premiers intervenants académiques dans le contexte de la pandémie COVID-19. Le document se poursuit par une discussion approfondie sur les défis auxquels les BSE ont été confrontés depuis l'éruption de la pandémie en mars 2020 et ceux qu'ils anticipent pour les semestres à venir. Il énumère également des exemples concrets de mesures qu'ils ont prises pour faire face à ces défis. En outre, il fournit des informations détaillées sur une action majeure entreprise par tous, à savoir le partage public d'une abondance de ressources pour soutenir le corps enseignant et les étudiants pendant la transition en ligne. Cette discussion met en évidence les ressources pertinentes en matière d'équité. La dernière section de ce document présente les leçons apprises et les recommandations des centres aux centres, ainsi que les commentaires d'experts et de chercheurs du domaine avec des idées et des approches adaptées au mandat actuel des centres pour les aider à mieux faire face à ce qui s'en vient. Les recommandations de ce livre blanc s’appliquent aux établissements d'enseignement, aux membres du corps enseignant, aux étudiants et aux décideurs politiques. Ce livre blanc a été préparé dans le cadre des travaux de l’Observatoire international sur les impacts sociétaux de l’IA et du numérique (OBVIA) sur les effets des systèmes d’intelligence artificielle et des outils numériques déployés pour lutter contre la propagation de la COVID-19 sur les sociétés soutenus par les Fonds de recherche du Québec (FRQ). Il a été rédigé par Nadia Naffi PhD, Université Laval, soutenue par la Chaire de leadership en enseignement (CLE) sur les pratiques pédagogiques innovantes en contexte numérique – Banque Nationale, la Chaire de recherche « Maker Culture » de l’Université Concordia, avec la participation des chercheur·e·s Ann-Louise Davidson PhD, Concordia University, Roger Kaufman PhD, Florida State University, Richard E (Dick) Clark PhD, University of Southern California, Brian Beatty PhD, San Francisco State University, Didier Paquelin PhD, Université Laval, des consultants Dawn M. Snyder PhD, Dawn Snyder Associates, et Guy Wallace, EPPIC Inc, et des assistante·s de recherche Azeneth Patino, Université Laval, Edem Gbetoglo, Université Laval, Nathalie Duponsel, Concordia University, Céleste Savoie, Université Laval, Isabelle Fournel, Université Laval, et Ivan Ruby, Concordia University. Un grand merci aux auteurs invités qui ont contribué au livre blanc (par ordre alphabétique): Barbar Akle PhD, Lebanese American University, Fawzi Baroud PhD, UNESCO & Notre Dame University, Tony Bates PhD, Ryerson University & Contact Nord, Chris Dede PhD, Harvard University, Julie Desjardins PhD, Université de Sherbrooke, Rula Diab PhD, Lebanese American University, Moira Fischbacher-Smith PhD, University of Glasgow, Aline Germain-Rutherford PhD, University of Ottawa, David Hornsby PhD, Carleton University, Jaymie Koroluk, Carleton University, Hubert Lalande, University of Ottawa, Patrick Lyons, Carleton University, Florian Meyer PhD, Université de Sherbrooke, Richard Pinet, University of Ottawa, Annie Pilote PhD, Université Laval, Dragana Polovina-Vukovic, Carleton University, Bart Rienties PhD, Open University, Roland van Oostveen PhD, Ontario Tech University, et Laura Winer PhD, McGill University. Et un remerciement spécial aux dix-neuf centres d'enseignement et d'apprentissage et aux équipes équivalentes du Canada, des États-Unis, du Liban, du Royaume-Uni et de la France pour leur temps et les expériences qu'ils ont partagées avec notre équipe. Tous les centres faisaient face à des défis très difficiles et ont pourtant trouvé le temps de soutenir ce travail.
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9

Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman, and Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.

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Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of EE is essential for understanding the management of both grazing and confined feedlot animals. The use of HR as a method of estimating EE in free-ranging large ruminants has been limited by the availability of suitable field monitoring equipment and by the absence of empirical understanding of the relationship between cardiac function and metabolic rate. Recent developments in microelectronics provide a good opportunity to use small HR devices to monitor free-range animals. The estimation of O2 uptake (VO2) of animals from their HR has to be based upon a consistent relationship between HR and VO2. The question as to whether, or to what extent, feeding level, environmental conditions and reproductive state affect such a relationship is still unanswered. Studies on the basic physiology of O2 mobilization (in USA) and field and feedlot-based investigations (in Israel) covered a , variety of conditions in order to investigate the possibilities of using HR to estimate EE. In USA the physiological studies conducted using animals with implanted flow probes, show that: I) although stroke volume decreases during intense exercise, VO2 per one heart beat per kgBW0.75 (O2 Pulse, O2P) actually increases and measurement of EE by HR and constant O2P may underestimate VO2unless the slope of the regression relating to heart rate and VO2 is also determined, 2) alterations in VO2 associated with the level of feeding and the effects of feeding itself have no effect on O2P, 3) both pregnancy and lactation may increase blood volume, especially lactation; but they have no effect on O2P, 4) ambient temperature in the range of 15 to 25°C in the resting animal has no effect on O2P, and 5) severe heat stress, induced by exercise, elevates body temperature to a sufficient extent that 14% of cardiac output may be required to dissipate the heat generated by exercise rather than for O2 transport. However, this is an unusual situation and its affect on EE estimation in a freely grazing animal, especially when heart rate is monitored over several days, is minor. In Israel three experiments were carried out in the hot summer to define changes in O2P attributable to changes in the time of day or In the heat load. The animals used were lambs and young calves in the growing phase and highly yielding dairy cows. In the growing animals the time of day, or the heat load, affected HR and VO2, but had no effect on O2P. On the other hand, the O2P measured in lactating cows was affected by the heat load; this is similar to the finding in the USA study of sheep. Energy balance trials were conducted to compare MEI recovery by the retained energy (RE) and by EE as measured by HR and O2P. The trial hypothesis was that if HR reliably estimated EE, the MEI proportion to (EE+RE) would not be significantly different from 1.0. Beef cows along a year of their reproductive cycle and growing lambs were used. The MEI recoveries of both trials were not significantly different from 1.0, 1.062+0.026 and 0.957+0.024 respectively. The cows' reproductive state did not affect the O2P, which is similar to the finding in the USA study. Pasture ME content and animal variables such as HR, VO2, O2P and EE of cows on grazing and in confinement were measured throughout three years under twenty-nine combinations of herbage quality and cows' reproductive state. In twelve grazing states, individual faecal output (FO) was measured and MEI was calculated. Regression analyses of the EE and RE dependent on MEI were highly significant (P<0.001). The predicted values of EE at zero intake (78 kcal/kgBW0.75), were similar to those estimated by NRC (1984). The EE at maintenance condition of the grazing cows (EE=MEI, 125 kcal/kgBW0.75) which are in the range of 96.1 to 125.5 as presented by NRC (1996 pp 6-7) for beef cows. Average daily HR and EE were significantly increased by lactation, P<0.001 and P<0.02 respectively. Grazing ME significantly increased HR and EE, P<0.001 and P<0.00l respectively. In contradiction to the finding in confined ewes and cows, the O2P of the grazing cows was significantly affected by the combined treatments (P<0.00l ); this effect was significantly related to the diet ME (P<0.00l ) and consequently to the MEI (P<0.03). Grazing significantly increased O2P compared to confinement. So, when EE of grazing animals during a certain season of the year is estimated using the HR method, the O2P must be re measured whenever grazing ME changes. A high correlation (R2>0.96) of group average EE and of HR dependency on MEI was also found in confined cows, which were fed six different diets and in growing lambs on three diets. In conclusion, the studies conducted in USA and in Israel investigated in depth the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular and O2 mobilization, and went on to investigate a wide variety of ruminant species, ages, reproductive states, diets ME, time of intake and time of day, and compared these variables under grazing and confinement conditions. From these combined studies we can conclude that EE can be determined from HR measurements during several days, multiplied by O2P measured over a short period of time (10-15 min). The study showed that RE could be determined during the growing phase without slaughtering. In the near future the development microelectronic devices will enable wide use of the HR method to determine EE and energy balance. It will open new scopes of physiological and agricultural research with minimizes strain on animals. The method also has a high potential as a tool for herd management.
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