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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Bechdel test

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Journal articles

Academic literature on the topic 'Bechdel test'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Bechdel test"

1

Stigsdotter, Ingrid. "After the A-rating mo(ve)ment: The Bechdel test in Swedish screen culture and beyond." Journal of Scandinavian Cinema 12, no. 2 (2022): 135–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jsca_00069_1.

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This article traces the Bechdel test in Swedish journalistic discourse, showing how the A-rating campaign – sometimes described as a movement – popularized the concept in Sweden in 2013. In addition, criticism of the Bechdel test and A-rating is linked to criticism of recent Swedish cultural policy on film through the common denominator of contrasting quantification with quality. Finally, the article shows how the Bechdel test has inspired computer-based analytical approaches to gender on-screen that would merit further explorations in feminist film scholarship.

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2

Freitas, José Nahuel, Milena Rosenzvit, and Stephanie Muller. "Automatización del Test de Bechdel-Wallace." Ética y Cine Journal 6, no. 3 (2016): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31056/2250.5415.v6.n3.16498.

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<span>Una película pasa el Test de Bechdel-Wallace si cumple que 1) hay al menos dos mujeres en ella que 2) en algún momento hablan entre sí 3) acerca de algo que no es un hombre. Se cree que aproximadamente el 40 % de las películas actuales falla en el Test. A pesar del enorme potencial que tiene esta herramienta para hacer visible la desigualdad de género en el cine, no se ha desarrollado, desde su creación en 1985, una versión automática de la misma. Ese fue el propósito de este trabajo. El test desarrollado permitió, a través del análisis de los guiones del sitio imsdb.com, obtener evidencia de que la cantidad de películas que pasan el test es incluso menor a estimaciones previas. Además, este programa permite analizar grandes corpus de guiones en función del género cinematográfico.</span>

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3

Garcia, David, Ingmar Weber, and Venkata Garimella. "Gender Asymmetries in Reality and Fiction: The Bechdel Test of Social Media." Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media 8, no. 1 (2014): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/icwsm.v8i1.14522.

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The subjective nature of gender inequality motivates the analysis and comparison of data from real and fictional human interaction. We present a computational extension of the Bechdel test: A popular tool to assess if a movie contains a male gender bias, by looking for two female characters who discuss about something besides a man. We provide the tools to quantify Bechdel scores for both genders, and we measure them in movie scripts and large datasets of dialogues between users of MySpace and Twitter. Comparing movies and users of social media, we find that movies and Twitter conversations have a consistent male bias, which does not appear when analyzing MySpace. Furthermore, the narrative of Twitter is closer to the movies that do not pass the Bechdel test than to those that pass it. We link the properties of movies and the users that share trailers of those movies. Our analysis reveals some particularities of movies that pass the Bechdel test: Their trailers are less popular, female users are more likely to share them than male users, and users that share them tend to interact less with male users. Based on our datasets, we define gender independence measurements to analyze the gender biases of a society, as manifested through digital traces of online behavior. Using the profile information of Twitter users, we find larger gender independence for urban users in comparison to rural ones. Additionally, the asymmetry between genders is larger for parents and lower for students. Gender asymmetry varies across US states, increasing with higher average income and latitude. This points to the relation between gender inequality and social, economical, and cultural factors of a society, and how gender roles exist in both fictional narratives and public online dialogues.

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4

J B, Anna Asheervadham Mary, and Dr Mallika Vijaya. "Relevance of Bechdel Test and Reverse Bechdel Test in Women-Centric Indian Cinema: A Case Study of English Vinglish and Queen." International Journal of Communication and Media Science 7, no. 2 (2020): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/2349641x/ijcms-v7i2p101.

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5

Selisker, Scott. "The Bechdel Test and the Social Form of Character Networks." New Literary History 46, no. 3 (2015): 505–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/nlh.2015.0024.

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6

ÖZ, Gülden, and Devrim SEÇEN. "Türk Sinemasında Kadının Temsil Sorununa Alternatif Bir Yöntemle Bakmak: Bechdel Test." Erciyes İletişim Dergisi 6, no. 1 (2019): 467–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17680/erciyesiletisim.460827.

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7

Theresa Strouth Gaul. "Female Relationships in Susanna Rowson's Sincerity: The Bechdel Test and American Literature Syllabi." Legacy 34, no. 1 (2017): 141. http://dx.doi.org/10.5250/legacy.34.1.0141.

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8

O’Meara, Jennifer. "What “The Bechdel Test” doesn’t tell us: examining women’s verbal and vocal (dis)empowerment in cinema." Feminist Media Studies 16, no. 6 (2016): 1120–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2016.1234239.

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9

Lindner, Andrew M., and Ziggy Schulting. "How Movies with a Female Presence Fare with Critics." Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World 3 (January 1, 2017): 237802311772763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023117727636.

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This study explores one potential mechanism contributing to the persistent underrepresentation of women in film by considering whether movie critics reward or penalize films with an independent female presence. Drawing on a sample of widely distributed movies from 2000 to 2009 (n = 975), we test whether films that pass the Bechdel Test (two or more named women speak to each other about something other than a man) have higher or lower Metacritic scores net of control variables, including arthouse production label, genre, production budget, including a top star, and being a sequel. The results indicate that the mere inclusion or absence of an independent female presence has no effect on a film’s composite critical evaluation. These findings suggest that while critical reviews are not a major factor contributing to women’s exclusion from film, movie critics as a whole do not advocate for films with an independent female presence.

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10

Woodsmall, ZoraAnn, and Sara Hare. "Gender Through the Lens of Children’s Films." Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, no. 9 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.99.13026.

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This content analysis study sheds light on the gender inequality in popular children’s animated films. The dataset uses the North American theater grosses to rank the most popular 150 animated children’s films from 1990-2020. We found multiple patterns of gender inequality related to speaking roles, lead characters, physical portrayals, social roles, interpersonal relationships, and even the creators of the films. Male characters had three times as many speaking roles as female characters and had the lead role in 80% of the films. Correspondingly, 80% of the film creators (writers, directors, and producers) were male. Films that passed the Bechdel test had twice as many female writers as those that failed the test. The inequality and gender stereotyping one sees in the real world is reflected in this study of children’s films. Animated films are a popular media outlet for children, and this study highlights the impact that these skewed representations can have on children.

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