Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Begränsad rationalitet'
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Gustafson, Viktor, and Peter Hedén. "Känslighetsanalys och begränsad rationalitet : Hur använder företag känslighetsanalyser i beslutsprocessen vid investeringar?" Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19077.
Full textAll companies have some form of investment in their business. To evaluate different invest-ment options, they will use some form of capital budgeting techniques. However, the underly-ing assumptions made in these calculations are characterized by uncertainty, as no one can predict the outcome of the future. One tool that can be used to deal with this uncertainty is sensitivity analysis. There have been many studies done on the subject of sensitivity analysis. But almost all of them follow a rational approach and rarely consider the limited rational person behind these analyses. The purpose of this study is to analyse how companies use sensitivity analysis for investment decisions, regardless of whether they relate to the rational approach or not. This study was therefore conducted with interviews to be able to achieve this purpose. This study shows that there are important factors that change the sensitivity analysis purpose and how it is used for investments decisions in the interviews that we have done. The factors this study will take into account are company structures, types of investments and how organ-izations manage their interpretation process of their environment. Through our analysis model we hope to show why the need and implementation of sensitivity analysis looks the way it does and provide an understanding of why it differs between companies.
Braatz, Karin, and Carol Lundqvist. "Den förändrade sjukvården - hur påverkas kompetensförsörjningsarbetet?" Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77760.
Full textBroberg, Benjamin, and Daniel Erlandsson. "Beslutsfattande vid förvärv av bostadshyresfastigheter." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-34834.
Full textNygren, Fredrik, and Olof Thelander. "Modernt beslutsfattande, Människa eller AI : En kvalitativ studie om hur olika faktorer påverkar investerares beslutsfattande kring investeringar i AI-styrda fonder." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160543.
Full textBackground: Decision making has been researched for a long time and in the center of the research is the human inability to make rational decisions. In modern time, AI has become increasingly important and it has been discovered that AI has the opportunity to overcome the human inability to make rational decisions. In line with digitalization, AI and its ability to managed large amount of information has become a useful tool on the investment market. The AI-managed funds open for yet another investment alternative and there is currently a lack of understanding of how investors’ decision to include these funds in their savings are influenced by behavioral factors. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to create an understanding of how a decision to invest in AI-managed funds is affected by investors’ behavioral factors and attributes of the AI-managed fund. Completion: This study is a qualitative small-N-study with a hermeneutic perspective. The empirical data has been gathered through a target and a convenience sample. A total of 18 semi structured interviews have been conducted. Conclusion: The study contributes to an increased understanding of how different factors in the investor and how the attributes of the AI-managed fund affect the investor's decision. Investors' feelings for and associations with AI affect the initial attitude and are used to evaluate the pros and cons. The extent to which the advantages and disadvantages of the alternatives are considered is largely determined by the knowledge and interest the investors have for savings and investments, which results in those with higher and lower knowledge seeing different values in the attributes of the AI-managed fund. Depending on these factors, investors differ as to whether rationality or intuition is required in investment decisions.
Siverstig, Tomas. "En undersökning av rationaliteten i perspektivstudiens beslutsprocess." Thesis, Försvarshögskolan, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:fhs:diva-9293.
Full textMarquez, Dayhana, and Malin Larsson. "Investeringsprocessen i småföretag : En studie om investeringsbeslutfattande i restaurangbranschen." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-33085.
Full textAlriksson, Victor, and Isabella Ankarberg. "Beslutsfattande : En studie av näringslivet i Borås." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23458.
Full textDecisions can be made by following a rational model or by irrational bases. When decisions is based on irrational grounds the decision can follow the person's intuition, which is based on earlier experience. The individual might say they follow their intuition but in reality they are affected by their feelings. A problematic detail both for scientists and decision-makers when trying to analyze if they made a rational decision is that the brain actually have made a decision several seconds before it reaches your mind. In reality this means that it is almost impossible to know if a decision really is rational.The purpose of this essay is to study 47 decision-makers that are working in companies which are members of E-handelsstaden Borås. We have studied the decision-makers with the help of a questionnaire that shows how they describe the decision-making process from an idea to a decision. The answers from the questionnaire helped us to understand if they described their decision-making process as being based on a rational model. The analysis is done by reading relevant decision theory and literature which is compiled in the frame of reference.With our study we can come to the conclusion that there's a difference between men and women in how rational they describe themselves. In a comparison of the questions it shows that women describe themselves more rational than men in six out of nine cases. Both men and women aren't fully rational, in fact in average they are bounded rational. It means that they realize it's not possible to make fully rational decisions because of external factors which can affect the decision process.Note that the study is written in Swedish.
Ankarstrand, Christin, and Lohman Johanna Egenor. "Kompetensutveckling för ökad innovationsförmåga i småföretag." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-24499.
Full textOver the last couple of years an increased interest of learning in organizations and competence development has been noticed. Many researchers and decitionmakers are of the opinion that this is an important part of productivity, competitiveness and innovation. (Kock, Gill & Ellström, 2008) Innovations are usually the fruit of several individuals creative ability, their cooperation, experiences and their additional knowledge (Leonard & Swap, 1999). 96.3% of the companies in Sweden are small business.(www.scb.se) Small business and entrepreneurs are seen as especially importance of employment and the growth of the economy in spite of many initiatives there is a lack of solutions in the society that are well adjusted to the specific needs and prerequisites (http://www.regeringen.se). This essay is a qualitative study consisting of semi structured interviews with the purpose of exanimating a project of competence development with the aim of supporting small business development through enabling interaction and competence development. Hansson (2005) describes competence development as an objective for providing. Dalin (1997) and Hansson (2005) describe interaction as an aspect of competence. On order for small business to be able to thrive external relations with other businesses with the ability to support the company in its development should be developed. In order for small businesses to be more successful and profitable external resources are needed. (Street & Ann-Frances, 2007) During the interviews it was revealed that the respondents experiences of interaction during the course of the project and the experience of the possibilities for future interaction was parted. Some of the respondents expresses that the interaction to some extent has strengthened existing bonds of interaction by enlarged insight in the other companies business. According to half of the respondents the specific activities of competence development witch the respondent was in need of is experienced as the most important contribution to the business.
Sintorn, Vera, and Viktor Eriksson. "Beslutsfattande i den digitala tidsåldern : En studie om hur ett företag använder artificiell intelligens vid beslutsfattande." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447691.
Full textAxelsson, Tina, and Andreas Hogby. "Business Intelligence : En studie om den upplevda nyttan av att använda BI-system." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-28178.
Full textEricsson, Mikael, and William Wang. "Värdering av spelarkontrakt inom svensk fotboll : En kvalitativ studie om hur svenska fotbollsklubbar värderar sina spelarkontrakt." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15452.
Full textBackground: Football players are the most valuable assets in a football club. Football is different compared to other sports and industries because of the global market that exists where player contracts can exchange owners. In order for a player contract to be exchanged it needs an economic value on the contract. Transfer of players contracts are an important part in football which forces the clubs to valuate the players to ensure that they will get the right amount of payment of a potential transfer. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to describe the problems when football clubs valuate their own player contracts and how their approach can be explained. Following question has been asked: How does Swedish football clubs valuate their own player contracts and how can their approach be explained? Method: The study has been using a qualitative method based on six interviews. We conducted the interviews with respondents that work in the different clubs and one interview that works as a CFO for Swedish Football Association. Conclusion: In the conclusion we found out that the football clubs don’t use any specific valuation model to valuate their player contracts. The reason is because the value of a player contract is affected by a variety of different factors and football players are humans that possess different characteristics and qualifications. We have noticed that the clubs use a kind of multiple valuation but it`s only used as a tool to make the valuation easier. Instead it is required that the clubs makes an individual estimation from the player’s characteristics and qualifications. The clubs consider which factors that are most important for the specific player contract. We have concluded that the football club’s valuation processes are divided into three different steps. The process will clarify how football clubs valuate their own player contracts.
Arvidson, Catarina. "Genuspedagogers berättelser om makt och kontroll." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för utbildningsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-21625.
Full textKarlsson, Evelina, and Alvåg Martina Strandberg. "Covid-19-pandemins påverkan på den svenska befolkningens konsumtion : Vilka faktorer orsakar förändring?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-178036.
Full textSundström, Kristoffer. "Creating Hot Incentives : The case of Luleå Energi's new price model for district heating." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75158.
Full textI september 2017 introducerade Luleå Energi en ny prismodell för deras fjärrvärme tjänster gentemot företagskunder med intentionen att skapa starkare incitament för energieffektiviseringsåtgärder och förse marknaden med prissignaler som motsvarar de underliggande produktionskostnaderna. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka huruvida Luleå Energi’s intentioner har blivit uppfyllda, inte minst i form av energieffektiviseringsåtgärder. Studien kommer också att, med hjälp av en litteraturstudie, genomföra en teoretisk bedömning av den nya prismodellen. Studien applicerar teorier som begränsad rationalitet, vinstmaximerande företag, osäkerhet och ofullständig information. Resultaten visar att den nya prismodellen eventuellt hindras av begränsad rationalitet hos kunderna, och den överlag låga prisnivån på fjärrvärme i Luleå kommun. Resultaten visar också att även om den nya prismodellen är någorlunda bra på att skapa incitament så skulle den troligen kunna bli effektivare genom att basera effektpriskomponenten på företagskundernas nuvarande effektanvändning istället för företagskundernas effektanvändning under den föregående vintersäsongen.
Ahmadi, Jah Robert Roham, Daniel Chatten, and Ali Hesen Sabah. "Analysera eller gå på magkänsla? : Hur svenska chefer använder analys och intuition i sina beslut under Coronakrisen." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för organisation och entreprenörskap (OE), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-104827.
Full textA crisis such as the Covid-19 pandemic is an extreme situation that differs from day-to-day situations and require that the right decisions be made. Such extreme situations put pressure on managers in organizations to make decisions that many times are improvised, in part because of time pressure and stress, and in part because each crisis is unique and makes it harder to know what the right decision is. The decisions managers make during a crisis are often different from how those decisions would have been made during a normal situation. Should the manager analyse the situation before the decision is made because the crisis is so complex, or should the manager instead follow his or her gut feeling because the crisis’ complexity is too overwhelming to possibly analyse? Such a question has received much attention in research of decision making, not least under extreme situations and crisis such as a pandemic. The purpose of this study is to increase the understanding of how managers deal with the improvised decision making that occur during a crisis. This study contrasts analytical decisions to intuitive decisions, while at the same time opens for the possibility that both styles of decision making could be combined. Interviews have been made with managers from different industries throughout Sweden to increase the understanding of crisis decision making during the Covid-19 pandemic. The study shows that most managers use analysis or combine analysis with intuition. Few managers tend to use intuition only. Furthermore, this study shows that the way the manager views the crisis can affect the decisions that he or she makes. If the manager views the merely as a threat, he or she will tend to focus on internal activities aimed at reducing the negative effects caused by the pandemic on the organisation and their members. If the manager chooses also to view the pandemic as an opportunity, it can lead to external activities that can take advantage of the pandemic, by for example expanding their business and business network. The study shows that most decisions have been made through communication and interplay with other actors. Only few decisions have been made without any communication or interplay whatsoever. The fact that most decisions have been made through communication with others seem to have reduced the effect of different biases. Managers have become less partial when other people’s perspectives have been included in the decisions. Finally, most managers believe that this pandemic has made them a better decision maker, and some believe that prior stressful situations and crisis have greatly assisted them during this pandemic.
Chowdhury, Rubab, and Louise Holming. "The art of making a sustainable decision : Svenska Venture Capitals ESG strategier vid investering i tech." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445979.
Full textVenture Capitals och early stage bolag är av fundamental betydelse för hur marknaden fungerar och utvecklas och under det senaste årtiondet har större fokus riktats mot organisationers ESG strategier och styrning. ESG är dock ett relativt nytt och komplext forskningsområde där okunskap och mätningsproblematik har lett till att begrepp och strategier tillämpas inkonsekvent. Utifrån empiri baserad på kvalitativ dokumentanalys och intervjuer från svenska Venture Capitals avser denna studie, utifrån teoretiska perspektiv inom beslutsfattande och ESG strategi, att undersöka vilka ESG strategier som används bland svenska Venture Capitals och hur de tillämpas, viktas och påverkar beslutsfattandet vid investeringar i tech. Resultatet visade att beslutsprocessen kan antas baseras på begränsad rationalitet präglad av fragmenterad tillämpning av ESG begrepp och strategier där jämställdhet och CO2 påverkan var prioriterade fokusområden. Den gemensamma bilden var även att investering i tech skapade en naturlig förankring till ESG. Active ownership, Positive- och Negative screening var de centrala strategierna som tillämpades i syfte att utveckla och hantera den informationsbrist och de risker som medföljde early stage investering.