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Dotzauer, Dominik [Verfasser], and Karl-Heinz [Akademischer Betreuer] Schulz. "Health Behaviour Change – Theories and Models : Current application and future directions for reliable health behavior change / Dominik Dotzauer ; Betreuer: Karl-Heinz Schulz." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1151638927/34.
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Ng, Desmond. "Micro-economic evolution of the firm : an organizational ecology perspective." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27383.
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Selection and adaptation paradigms have been jointly employed in the derivation of a theoretical model of firm evolution. This construct enabled researchers to explore: "why are there so many different kinds of organizations?". In that, evolutionary influences and adaptive firm behaviour were simultaneous forces that shape the survival of organizational forms over time. Such a notion was applied towards a dynamic programming context. This dynamic programming model was translated into a computer simulation such that an empirical representation of firm evolution was depicted.<br>The results from four computer simulations confirmed the selection and adaptation propositions described in this research. The simulations found evolutionary forces to be significant determinants to differentiating firm survival. While, adaptive firm behaviour only served to prolong organizational survivability with in the confines of the selection forces of the market.<br>Future organizational research should focus on expanding the dimensions of strategic adaptation, strategic, voluntarism, niche width dynamics, organizational inertia theory and organizational slack. By addressing these areas, a more comprehensive depiction of organizational evolution could be attained.
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Werner, Aspasia [Verfasser]. "Mental Models of Behavior Change: Can Mindfulness and Spirituality support Sustainable Food Consumption ? / Aspasia Werner." Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1222738287/34.
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Turner, Kendra M. "Impact of Change Management on Employee Behavior in a University Administrative Office." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3547.
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This qualitative case study focused on the effect of a system implementation upgrade on employees' job performance within a central administration department of a major research university in the Southern United States. Review of literature revealed a lack of a specific model or process for system implementation upgrades and its impact on employees' performance in a university administrative office. Guided by Kotter's research on change management models, the research questions examined the attitudes and behaviors of employees involved with the business process project. Data collection was through purposeful sampling and face-to-face interviews with 11 employees. Data were analyzed through pattern-matching technique. The findings were that employees initially felt positive about being a part of the business process project. During the project, employees actually experienced (a) a lack of training, which employees advised to management was very important to a new process; (b) no definitive assistance and a lack of communication for individual concerns; (c) management's increased job duties and responsibilities without increased income; and (d) feeling unvalued in employee meetings. The implications for social change include the potential for positive employee behavior in colleges and universities when management is considering a change model or process involving employees in a system implementation during organizational change.
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Brikke, Sarah. "Young People and the Environment: Exploring Factors that Influence Young People's Environmentally Caring Behaviours in Indonesia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365547.
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Within the space of a few decades, young people's understandings and experiences of nature have changed radically. Today, many young people are aware of the global threats to the environment - but their physical contact, their intimacy with nature, is diminishing, leading it is argued to a "nature deficit disorder". In order to minimise the risk of nature deficit disorder, this study seeks to understand how behaviour change models, innovative environmental education approaches, and an ethic of care may influence young people's environmentally caring behaviours. The main research question is: What are the factors that influence young people's environmentally caring behaviours in Indonesia? This question is addressed through three sub-research questions: 1) What can we learn from behaviour change models about young people's environmentally caring behaviours?, 2) How do environmental education approaches influence young people's environmentally caring behaviours?, and 3) What added value do ethic of care principles bring to better understanding young people's environmentally caring behaviour?<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Griffith School of Environment<br>Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology<br>Full Text
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Grube, Markus. "The impact of SAP on the utilisation of Business Process Management (BPM) maturity models in ERP projects." Thesis, University of Gloucestershire, 2018. http://eprints.glos.ac.uk/5574/.
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The SAP Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is a leading software solution for corporate business functions and processes. Business Process Management (BPM) is a management approach designed to create and manage organisations’ business processes. Both promise an improvement of business processes in companies and can be used together. In conjunction with the SAP ERP system and BPM approach, BPM maturity models can be used as diagnostic tools that allow an organisation to assess and monitor the maturity of its business processes. This research analyses the complex relationships between the three topics of SAP, BPM and BPM maturity models and the impact of SAP on the use of BPM maturity models. This study is based on eleven personal interviews that were conducted with participants with many years of practical experience within the three subject areas. Four maturity models, which feature in the interview statements, are examined in more detail. The results of the interviews are then compared with the documentation of the four BPM maturity models for possible dependencies. The connections between SAP and BPM maturity models have not yet been discussed in the literature. This research illustrates that SAP ERP is a dominant system in many companies and has an impact on the utilisation of the BPM approach. To identify and improve the dependencies within an organisation, this research develops ten principles which any organisation can use as management guidelines to use the SAP system in a more optimised way. Collecting data from multiple sources strengthens the validity of the data. For this reason, a web survey is used to examine whether the ten developed principles are supported by SAP users and process consultants. More than 150 participants took part in this web survey and evaluated the developed principles. This research uses the method of triangulation from various data sources to examine the relationship between BPM and BPM maturity models from the point of view of a SAP ERP system, and to develop principles that enhance collaboration.
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Thor, Johan. "Getting going on getting better : how is systematic quality improvement established in a healthcare organization? : implications for change management theory and practice /." Stockholm : Karolinska insitutet, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-274-3/.
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Kao, Ling-Jing. "Data augmentation for latent variables in marketing." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155653751.
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Mayor, S. Luis Iván. "The change in addictive behaviors." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/100295.
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Mental health professionals could be interested in finding how inappropriate behavior could be modified, especially when there are people that changes without treatment. This article explains how people change with a transteorical model of stages and processes. Psychological research shows that there are five stages in behavior modification: pre-contemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance. Besides, subjects have common processes in every stage.<br>Concita el interés de los profesionales de la salud mental el descubrir cómo se modifican los comportamientos desadaptativos, más aún existiendo gente que cambia sin tratamiento. Este artículo explica, a partir de un modelo transteórico de etapas y procesos, cómo cambia la gente. Las investigaciones, cada vez más, corroboran que en la modificación de los comportamientos existen 5 etapas: precontemplación, contemplación, preparación, acción y mantenimiento. Además los sujetos siguen procesos comunes en cada una de estas etapas.
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Thornton, Joseph C. "Why We Care: The Mediating Effect of Positive and Negative Emotional Attractors on Social Responsibility." Case Western Reserve University Doctor of Management / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=casedm1568710731435323.
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Halitaj, Erjona. "Vilket vetenskapligt stöd finns för att använda beteendepåverkande metoder inom tandvården? : En Systematisk Litteraturstudie." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. Oral hälsa, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36383.
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Bakgrund: En beteendeförändring kan vara ett långt och komplext förlopp. Det finns olika beteendepåverkande metoder att ta till stöd vid en process till beteendeförändring där de har gemensamt att strategiskt arbeta med en patients beteendeförändring. Syfte: att studera vilket vetenskapligt stöd det finns för att användning av beteendepåverkande metoder inom tandvården ger resultat till förbättrade munhygienbeteenden och oral hälsa hos patienter. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie utfördes och vetenskapliga artiklar söktes i databaserna Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source, PubMed, CINAHL with fulltext samt PsycINFO. Resultat: Beteendepåverkande metoder som återfanns i litteraturstudien var health belief model, transteoretiska modellen, health action process approach, utbildningsprogram baserat på kognitiva beteendeprinciper på individ- samt gruppnivå, social kognitiva teorin, theory of planned behavior och theory of reasoned action. Begrepp som återfanns var känsla av sammanhang [KASAM], locus of control samt self-efficacy. Self-efficacy visade sig vara ett viktigt begrepp. Resultaten var motstridiga, det fanns både stödjande och icke stödjande resultat till förbättrade munhygienbeteenden samt gingivala förhållanden. Slutsats: Beteendepåverkande metoder i syfte att förbättra munhygienbeteende kan vara användbart i arbete med beteendeförändring. Self-efficacy är ett viktigt begrepp att beakta. Det finns behov av mer forskning som visar på evidens att beteendepåverkande metoder är effektiva inom tandvården.
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Necksten, Lisa. "En knuff i rätt riktning- en studie om att förändra individers miljömässiga beteenden genom triggers och Fogg behavior model." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22900.
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För att förstå vad som får en individ att förändra beteenden till mer miljövänliga har studien utgått ifrån Fogg behavior model som menar att faktorerna motivation, förmåga och triggers behövs för att ett beteende ska förändras. Studien har undersökt i hur stor grad individer som har motivation och förmåga, samt fått triggers, uppnått sina miljömässiga beteendeförändringsmål. Det har även undersökts hur stor skillnad triggern gör för att ett beteende ska uppnås. Jag höll fyra, för allmänheten öppna, föreläsningar om kemikalier i vardagen varpå deltagarna satte fem beteendeförändringsmål att uppnå. Hälften fick under två månaders tid kontinuerliga triggers varpå samtliga respondenter fyllde i en uppföljning där de rankade i vilken grad de upplevde att deras beteendemål var uppfyllt. Resultatet visar att gruppen med både motivation, förmåga och triggers i genomsnitt nådde sina mål med 82,6 % och att gruppen med motivation och förmåga, men utan triggers, uppnådde sina mål i genomsnitt med 59,9%. Fishers exakta test visar en signifikansnivå på p < 0,01 vilket innebär en hög signifikant. Detta tyder på att Fogg behavior model är tillförlitlig samt att faktorn trigger är viktig för att en beteendeförändring ska ske.<br>To understand what makes individuals change their behaviors towards more environmentally friendly, this study started with Fogg behavior model which says that the factors needed to change a behavior is motivation, ability and triggers. This study investigated in which scale individuals who has motivation, ability and triggers achieved their goals of changing behaviors to more environmentally friendly, and how much effect the trigger had. I had four lectures, all opened for the general public, about chemicals in the every day life and afterwords the participants chose five ”behavior-goals” they wanted to achieve. Half of the respondents got triggers every week and after two months everybody made a follow-up where they rated in which scale they experienced that their goals were achieved. The result shows that the group with both motivation, ability and triggers reached their goals in average with 82,6% and the group with motivation and ability but without triggers reached their goals in average with 59,9 %. Fisher ́s Exact Test shows a significance level of p < 0,01 which is the same as a highly significant. This indicates that Fogg behavior model might be reliable and that the trigger is important for a behavior to occur.
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Weck, Saskia. "A Conceptual Model of Behavior Change Progress for the Application within Coaching Systems to Support Sustainable Lifestyle Changes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för psykologi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-186950.
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Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are increasing worldwide due to unhealthy lifestyle habits. Behavior change support systems (BCSS) are a new means of promoting a sustainable lifestyle change. These systems are more effective when behavior change theories are applied. The aim of this thesis to integrate well-known behavior change theories into a conceptual model of behavior change progress to form the basis for the BCSS. The research question of this thesis is: what parameters of behavior change should be included in a conceptual model of behavior change progress? The model was created by integrating concepts and their relationships from existing behavior change theories. Next, the model was the validated by experts in behavior change. The outcome is a conceptual framework that can be function as a tool for understanding causal relationship between behavior change concepts, for presenting feedback, and building automated assessments. Furthermore, the model extends already existing knowledge networks.<br>På grund av allmänhetens ohälsosamma vanor ökar Diabetes och kardiovaskulära sjukdomar i hela världen. Olika stödsystem för beteendeförändringar (BCSS) är ett nytt sätt att främja en hållbar livsstilsförändring. Dessa system är mer effektiva då beteendeförändringsteorier tillämpas. Syftet med denna avhandling är att integrera välkända teorier om beteendeförändring i en konceptuell modell av beteendeförändringsframsteg som kan ligga till grund för BCSS. Forskningsfrågan i denna avhandling är: Vilka parametrar för beteendeförändring ska ingå i en konceptuell modell för beteendeförändringsframsteg? Modellen skapades genom att integrera koncept och deras relationer från befintliga teorier om beteendeförändring. Resultatet är ett konceptuellt ramverk som kan fungera som ett verktyg för att förstå orsakssambandet mellan beteendeförändringsbegrepp, för att presentera feedback och för att bygga automatiserade bedömningar. Dessutom utökar modellen redan befintliga kunskapsnätverk.
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Dombroski, Janet K. "Exercise behavior among women post-myocardial infraction : applying the transtheoretical model of behavior change /." View online ; access limited to URI, 2006. http://0-digitalcommons.uri.edu.helin.uri.edu/dissertations/AAI3248227.
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Frudakis, Angela C. "Identifying indicators of longevity and the transtheoretical model of behavior change." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10241139.
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<p> The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast four age cohorts to determine: (a) if they have any preexisting knowledge about The Blue Zones Power 9 lessons for longevity, (b) if they are currently practicing any of the Power 9 lessons, and (c) to what extent they intend to adopt all or some of the Power 9 lessons in the future. The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change (DiClemente & Prochaska, 1982) guided exploration of the respondents’ adoption of the Power 9 lessons. There were four significant findings in this study. Physical activity and stress relief had similar results in that both the youngest and oldest age cohorts’ expressed higher frequencies than the two middle age cohorts. Wine consumption and adoption/intention to adopt the Power 9 also had similar results, demonstrating that as age increased, so did the frequency of wine consumption and adoption/intention to adopt the Power 9.</p>
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Sunio, Varsolo Cornago. "Mobility Behavior Change Support System for Sustainable Campus Commuting." Kyoto University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/232019.
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Phillips, Tobe M. "Individual Behavior Change in the Context of Organization Change: Towards Validation of the Transtheoretical Model of Change in an Organizational Environment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2004. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4686/.
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A review of literature indicates limited effort to understand and explain employees' acclimation to, and adoption of, new behaviors required by organization change initiatives. Psychological theories of individual behavior change have, in restricted instances, been applied into organizational environments. The transtheoretical model of change (TTM) offers a comprehensive explanation of behavior change uniting multiple theories of individual change. TTM describes change as a series of stages that individual progress through before arriving at the decision to implement a change in behavior. Movement through the stages is facilitated by processes which increase the probability of a behavior change effort's success. The present research investigated the potential applicability of TTM for explaining individual level change within a new context, specifically, an organizational environment. To examine if individual change in the context of an organization occurs in the fashion described by TTM, measures of core TTM constructs were delivered to employees in a water department of a city in the American southwest. The water department was immersed in an organization change initiative necessitating individual behavior change by its employees. Results of TTM core construct measures and their relationships with each other and the stages of change were examined. Initial findings are indicative of TTM's potential applicability as a description of behavior change within an organizational context. Implications of these findings, potential applications, imitations of the current research, and recommendations for future research are discussed.
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Craig, Jason. "Evaluation of a Program Model for Minimizing Restraint and Seclusion." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2015. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/42.
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This applied dissertation was designed to provide a longitudinal evaluation, using Stufflebeam’s context, input, process, and product (CIPP) model, of an organizational change effort to minimize restraint and seclusion within a behavioral health care facility that serves at-risk and high-risk clients with intellectual, developmental, and psychiatric disabilities. The change effort was developed and implemented at Grafton Integrated Health Network, an agency in the mid-Atlantic region that provides a continuum of care to children and adults in residential, educational, and home settings.
Interviews showed insight into all 4 components of the CIPP model. Data from 2003–2013 revealed a 93% decrease in restraint frequency, coupled with an 81% decrease in staff injury, a 51% decrease in client-induced injury, and a goal-mastery increase of 135%. This shows that trauma-informed, less restrictive treatment methods provided safer treatment for individuals with a variety of disabilities, and it saved the organization over $12 million in lost time expenses, turnover costs, and workers’ compensation policy costs. Implications of the change model are considered and commonalities among trauma-informed care, applied behavior analysis, and positive behavior supports are discussed.
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Fink, Christopher L. "A worksite examination of the transtheoretical model in exercise." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1181850954.
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Hanratty, Marcus. "Design for Sustainable Behaviour : a conceptual model and intervention selection model for changing behaviour through design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19548.
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This thesis is based in the research area of Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB), a field which seeks to reduce the social and environmental impact of products in the use phase of their life cycle. There has been significant theoretical development in this area in recent years, leading to a proliferation of intervention strategies and design methodologies. However, there has been a recognised lack of a reliable means of selecting which intervention strategy to use in a given situation, and a lack of real world intervention case studies generating measurable medium-to-long term reductions in energy consumption. Addressing these gaps was a central focus of this research. This thesis documents four distinct research phases; an extensive literature review, an in-depth user study of existing energy consuming behaviours and motivations, the development and trialling of design interventions, and the evaluation of the generated theories as a tool for designers. Literature on domestic energy consumption, human behaviour, and approaches to changing behaviour was reviewed to establish the current level of thinking and to identify opportunities for further research. This guided the undertaking of the user study with a number of families in the East Midlands of the UK, which illuminated the relevant motivational goals, and highly routinized nature, displayed in many energy consuming behaviours. Over the course of this phase of the research journey a new conceptual model of behaviour in context was developed, and refined to create the Behavioural Intervention Selection Axis (BISA). These theoretical developments were then applied to the generation of DfSB intervention concepts, one of which was selected and developed to a functional prototype stage. These prototypes were trialled in situ in family homes for an extended period, and achieved a significant change in behaviour and related energy consumption. Further evaluation of the BISA as a tool to guide designers was performed through a series of workshops with design students, which ascertained its usefulness in this respect. Both the intervention development and trialling and the design workshops showed the conceptual model and BISA to be successful in providing designers with a reliable and useful means of selecting appropriate intervention strategies to change behaviour. In addition the intervention trial provided a wealth of qualitative insight into the way in which DfSB can effect behaviour, and the range of new motivational goals it can engender.
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Shahan, Amber Nicole. "Investing For Your Future: Application of the Transtheoretical Model of Change to Investing Behavior." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33930.
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The Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change was used to assess change in investing behavior among Investing For Your Future home-study course participants. The goal of Investing For Your Future is to help people improve their personal finance behaviors leading to financial security in later life. On average, after course participation fourteen of the fifteen investing behaviors were identified in the desired stages of established behavior. The study was based on Prochaska's Transtheoretical Model of Change (1979), including five different stages of behavior. This study investigated at what stage of change course participants are in for certain investing behaviors since completing Investing For Your Future (O'Neill et al., 2000). The stages of behavior are: precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action and maintenance. The desired stage was either the action or maintenance stage, which indicated that the investing behavior has been established. A person in the precontemplation stage is not thinking of future needs, not taking any actions to prepare for investing. Someone in the contemplation stage has set investing goals, but is not otherwise preparing to do the investing behavior. Someone in the preparation stage has both set goals and actively sought after information about the investing behavior. An individual in the action stage has not only done the preparatory actions, but has also engaged in the investing behavior. Finally, an individual in the maintenance stage has met the investing behavior action over an ongoing period of time. The quantitative survey design of this study was adapted from Dillman's Mail and Internet Surveys (2002). A survey questionnaire was created online using multiple choice and open-ended questions and was sent to the sample as a link in an email. The population consisted of Investing For Your Future (O'Neill et al., 2000) online course participants from April 1, 2001 through April 11, 2005. The initial sample consisted of 1,123, however at least 415 members of the sample never received the survey, reducing the sample to 708 people. Upon sending out the email, many error reports were received stating that the recipient did not receive the email. Response rates for the survey were very low, and can be attributed to multiple problems.<br>Master of Science
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Richesin, Anna Lora. "Assessing the Implementation of a Non-profit Organizational Change Initiative Using Kotter’s (1995) 8 Step Change Model." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2011. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/10.
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Increased emphasis on process improvements in all organizations challenges leaders to institute change. Using a case study approach, the current research examined an organizational change initiative embarked on by the leadership of a local non-profit organization to obtain improvement in service delivery and acquire outcome measurements. There is little in the literature concerning organizational change initiatives and the use of change models in the non-profit sector. This study examined staff perception of an organizational change initiative using Kotter’s (1995) 8 step change model as benchmarks of success. Kotter’s (1995) 8 Steps for Change is a popular change model often used in the for-profit setting. Through ethnographic observation and staff surveys, the researcher examined the progress and success of the non-profit organizational change initiative and staff perception of change using Kotter’s model. The model was overlaid to illustrate its value and applicability as tool for organizational change in the non-profit setting.
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Vet, Emily Wilhelmina Maria Lucia de. "Testing the transtheoretical model of behavior change validity and applicability for fruit intake /." [Maastricht : Maastricht : Universiteit Maastricht] ; University Library, Maastricht University [Host], 2005. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=6540.
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Wu, Ning. "Artificial intelligence solutions for models of dynamic land use change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610781.
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Heckman, Alexander C. "Desperately Seeking Management In State Environmental And Transportation Performance: Testing One Measure Of Management Quality, Two Models Of Government Performance, And Three Ways To Make Management Research Relevant." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1221750222.
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Zara, Georgia. "Possible selves, self-discrepancies and delinquent behaviour : a socio-psychological model." Thesis, University of Sunderland, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342091.
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Nutman, P. N. S. "The limitations and possibility of individual change : A model of action, frame and project." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234949.
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Waisner, Cynthia L. "Through the Eyes of the Family: A Collective Case Study of Family Business Consulting." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1344002058.
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Bisbee, Tamara H. "Heart to Heart: A Cardiac Rehabilitation Follow-up Program." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1347378413.
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Rosing, Lauren Marie. "To Supersize or Not to Supersize: A Transtheoretical Model Exploration of Multiple Health Behavior Change." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1274318001.
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Stephens, Maggie. "Sustainable behavior change at Kansas State University: applying the Fogg Behavior Model as a community-based social marketing approach among faculty and staff." Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/17558.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Landscape Architecture and Regional & Community Planning<br>Huston Gibson<br>Communities are currently faced with the issue of integrating sustainable practices into citizen lifestyles, a problem that can be addressed through behavior changes strategies. Higher education institutions can provide a testing ground for different behavior change strategies, specifically the Fogg Behavior Model (FBM) and its application to the social structures that are important in community-based social marketing (CBSM). This research proposes to examine FBM among Kansas State University faculty and staff as a viable CBSM approach for sustainable behavior change. A targeted behavior and trigger for the targeted behavior were selected. The trigger was implemented among select university departments with both pre- and post-experiment surveys distributed to assess trigger effectiveness and limiting factors to ability and motivation. The research showed an increase to the targeted behavior due to trigger implementation and described ability and motivation limiting factors within those select departments. With further investigation into these limiting factors and a widespread trigger effectiveness study, FBM could serve as an effective model that addresses social behavior change within a CBSM framework. FBM’s potential success in a university setting bodes well for its success in communities and a community-based social marketing approach to create sustainable behavior change.
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Pavlova, Evgeniya. "Trust Development in Distributed Teams: A Latent Change Score Model." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4198.
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Advances in collaborative work tools and communication technologies have made computer-mediated teams a part of virtually every organization. One of the challenges for members of virtual teams is the development of trust. This study examined the reciprocal relationship between trust and effectiveness in virtual teams, employing an input-process-output-input approach. Data were collected from 183 individuals comprising 61 teams. Teams participated in a computer-simulated search and rescue mission. Three alternative latent change score structural equation models were fit to the data to examine the bidirectional relationships between trust and effectiveness. Results revealed that the two
factors of trust, cognition-based trust and affect-based trust, are always present, therefore examination of the trust-effectiveness relationship for each trust factor is warranted. The analyses revealed that generally, effectiveness has an impact on changes in trust, but trust does not influence the changes in effectiveness. Implications for organizations are discussed. Future research should examine the relationships between in trust and effectiveness on the team level. Additionally, research should explore the reciprocal relationship between each trust factors and effectiveness subtypes - attitudinal, behavioral, and performance effectiveness.
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Szalai, Leah C. "Predicting Young Adults’ Engagement in Advance Care Planning." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1448056006.
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Lawrence, Sandra A. "An integrative model of perceived available support, organisational stress and support mobilisation /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19277.pdf.
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Rigby, Roshan R. "Understanding the Application of Behaviour Change Science to Dietetics Practice." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/410956.
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Background: Chronic diseases are a global issue with high human and economic costs and consequences. Chronic disease treatment requires people to change their health related behaviours with support from health care professionals. Behaviour change science is a component of health psychology and behavioural science that can help explain and predict behaviours to guide and inform intervention design. Dietitians in primary care are well-positioned to support adults with chronic disease to change their diet through nutrition education and counselling that incorporates behaviour change science. The way in which this knowledge is applied within dietary interventions, how it can be addressed in practice and whether behaviour change science is adequately taught within dietetics education programs in Australia is unclear, warranting further investigation.
The overall aim of this doctoral research program was to explore the application of behaviour change science in the dietetics profession. This exploration was achieved through the following three aims: i) to investigate how behaviour change science is used in dietetics interventions and determine its effectiveness; ii) to explore how behaviour change science can be applied on an individual level for chronic disease management; iii) to investigate and explore how behaviour change science has been taught within dietetics education programs. These three aims were addressed throughout four phases of research which aligned with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Model of Evidence Based Healthcare. The JBI Model contextualises five ‘inner segments’ that conceptualises evidence based health care and includes Global Health, Evidence Generation, Evidence Synthesis, Evidence Transfer, and Evidence Implementation. The methodological approach for the body of research drew on both qualitative and quantitative approaches, guided by a pragmatic paradigm with relational epistemology using sequential explanatory mixed methods. This thesis is presented in eight chapters which include a mixture of research chapters and publication papers. This thesis introduces the background and significance of the problem (Chapter 1), reviews the relevant literature (Chapter 2), describes each phase of research with their submitted or published manuscripts (Chapter 4-7), and summarises the body of research and provides recommendations for future work (Chapter 8). Phase One, Study 1, a systematic review, was conducted to explore theory-based dietary interventions delivered by dietitians in primary care settings. This systematic review aligned with the Evidence Synthesis segment of the JBI Model. Thirty papers representing 19 randomised controlled trials and 5172 adults were synthesised. Thirteen studies showed significant intervention effects for the study’s primary outcome, which related to a range of health conditions. Of those studies, 11 were underpinned by the social cognitive theory, a well-known behaviour change theory commonly used in group education settings. There was fair grade evidence to support behaviour change theory, particularly social cognitive theory, to underpin the design of interventions delivered in the primary care setting. The behaviour change techniques explicitly reported by the studies were analysed, with a range of types and numbers used. These findings demonstrated that the reporting of behaviour change techniques could be enhanced for intervention replicability. Furthermore, only a few theories were used to underpin dietitian-delivered dietary interventions within primary care settings. The findings presented an opportunity to explore how other behaviour change theories could be used to understand dietary change on an individual level in the primary care setting outside of clinical intervention settings.
Phase Two, Study 2, a qualitative study of adults with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D), was conducted to explore the psychological processes of dietary behaviour change after a chronic disease diagnosis. This study aligned with the Evidence Generation segment of the JBI Model. Twenty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with adults in Australia who had consulted with a dietitian following a diagnosis of T2D. The integrated behaviour change model guided a deep exploration of the psychological processes involved in dietary behaviour change. The participants expressed a range of motivational, volitional and implicit processes that influenced their decisions to change their dietary behaviours. Motivations stemmed from the desire to improve their health, using support systems to help with life changes resulting from their diagnosis, feeling an ability and responsibility to make changes, and use their diagnosis as motivation to change. Participants expressed the importance of recognising habitual eating behaviours and unlearning them. These findings illustrate how the integrated behaviour change model can deepen our understanding of dietary behaviour change, particularly within the crucial period after a diabetes diagnosis, and can form the basis of future interventions targeting dietary behaviour change.Phase Two, Study 3, a qualitative study, further analysed the 21 transcripts using the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) to identify the self-reported techniques enacted by participants and the technique they perceived their dietitians to use in consultations. This study aligned with the Evidence Generation segment of the JBI Model. The participants described techniques relating to behavioural practice, suggesting almost all the participants had made changes to their dietary intake following a T2D diagnosis. As seen in Study 2, these participants expressed a range of motivations that influenced their decisions to change their dietary behaviours and volitional processes reflected in the behaviour change techniques. The participants reported that their dietitian implemented behaviour change techniques similar to nutrition education and advice. However, there appeared to be less focus on behaviour change techniques relating to self-identity and environmental restructuring. Findings from this study highlighted the multifaceted nature of dietary behaviour change and how behaviour change techniques can be used to gather how patients perceive the nutrition care delivered by dietitians. Future research is warranted to measure the effectiveness of the behaviour change techniques.
Phase Three, Study 4, a document review of 18 dietetics education program curricula and 15 interviews with dietetics academics, explored how behaviour change science is taught within tertiary dietetics education programs across Australia and New Zealand. This study aligned with the Evidence Generation segment of the JBI Model. The findings illustrated the fundamental role of behaviour change science in dietetics teaching. However, the dietetics academics reported that the content-laden curricula and need to meet accreditation requirements prevented including more behaviour change science teaching and learning. Assessment types and topics taught varied between programs. These findings provided important foundational knowledge regarding behaviour change science within dietetics education programs. Key areas of improvements in university teaching and learning were identified, including having more practical simulations, scaffolding the behaviour change science content from early years, and integrating the content across courses. Conclusion: The four phases of this doctoral research program presented an in-depth understanding of how behaviour change science applies to dietetics. Dietary interventions delivered in the primary care setting are recommended to be underpinned by behaviour change theories and models to enhance patient outcomes. However, the reporting of important intervention components such as behaviour change techniques need to be considered and made more explicit for replicability. Dietitians consulting in primary care settings can use behaviour change science in their practice to understand patient dietary behaviours and develop patient-centred intervention strategies. The Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy (v1) is a useful tool that dietitians can use in practice as evidence based strategies. At a university level, there are areas to improve how students learn about behaviour change science, such as consistency in content taught and more detailed assessments. Future research needs to explore dietitians’ perspectives of behaviour change science application to their practice to provide optimal nutrition care to patients with diet-related diseases.<br>Thesis (PhD Doctorate)<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>School of Health Sci & Soc Wrk<br>Griffith Health<br>Full Text
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Choden, Phuntsho. "Help-seeking behaviours of Bhutanesse women subjected to intimate partner violence (IPV)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/133983/1/Phuntsho%20Choden%20Thesis_Redacted.pdf.
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This research explored help-seeking behaviours associated with intimate partner violence (IPV) among women in Bhutan. Results showed that increased awareness and positive supportive responses facilitated changes in women's cognitive and behavioural response to IPV. This study led to development of a public health intervention addressing the important role of knowledge and support sources in promoting women's help-seeking behaviours.
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Keir, Warren Neill. "Voter behaviour and constitutional change in Australia since 1967." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2009. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/31139/1/Warren_Keir_Thesis.pdf.
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Australian Constitutional referendums have been part of the Australian political system since federation. Up to the year 1999 (the time of the last referendum in Australia), constitutional change in Australia does not have a good history of acceptance. Since 1901, there have been 44 proposed constitutional changes with eight gaining the required acceptance according to section 128 of the Australian Constitution. In the modern era since 1967, there have been 20 proposals over seven referendum votes for a total of four changes. Over this same period, there have been 13 federal general elections which have realised change in government just five times. This research examines the electoral behaviour of Australian voters from 1967 to 1999 for each referendum. Party identification has long been a key indicator in general election voting. This research considers whether the dominant theory of voter behaviour in general elections (the Michigan Model) provides a plausible explanation for voting in Australian referendums. In order to explain electoral behaviour in each referendum, this research has utilised available data from the Australian Electoral Commission, the 1996 Australian Bureau of Statistics Census data, and the 1999 Australian Constitutional Referendum Study. This data has provided the necessary variables required to measure the impact of the Michigan Model of voter behaviour. Measurements have been conducted using bivariate and multivariate analyses. Each referendum provides an overview of the events at the time of the referendum as well as the =yes‘ and =no‘ cases at the time each referendum was initiated. Results from this research provide support for the Michigan Model of voter behaviour in Australian referendum voting. This research concludes that party identification, as a key variable of the Michigan Model, shows that voters continue to take their cues for voting from the political party they identify with in Australian referendums. However, the outcome of Australian referendums clearly shows that partisanship is only one of a number of contributory factors in constitutional referendums.
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Kazi, A. "Promoting physical activity in the workplace : a stage of change approach." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/13404.
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Regular physical activity is associated with improved physiological and psychological wellbeing, by reducing the risk of chronic illnesses such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity, diabetes, osteoporosis and depression. There is a common perception that physical activity levels in the population are declining, and one of the biggest changes affecting this is occupational based activity. Since adults spend on average over 50% of their waking hours at work, work sites have the potential to be an important setting for health promotion initiatives. Cognitions and behaviours are key causal factors behind many of today s most widespread health problems and illnesses. The stage of change model has been highlighted as having intuitive appeal because it considers the dynamic nature of attitudes and behaviour change. This thesis is concerned with the application of the stage of change model to an occupational health intervention promoting physical activity. Several research studies were undertaken to explore the experiences of employees with workplace health initiatives and investigate the strategies and practices used by occupational health to promote healthy behaviours. These research studies highlighted the barriers and facilitators to successful health interventions and contributed towards the design, development and implementation of an activity promotion intervention. Additional research was also conducted to develop information materials based on the stage of change model. The stage approach was simplified and intervention materials were classified based on whether employees were thinking about making a change or not thinking about making a change to their activity levels. In order to test the materials, a twelve month intervention was implemented in ten work sites across the UK that were allocated to one of three groups. Two groups received information materials and one group received no information during the intervention period (control group). The difference between the two groups who received information was that one group received standard activity promotion information (standard group) and the second group received tailored information based on their stage of change construct (staged group). Participants in the staged intervention group demonstrated significant decreases in body mass index, fat percentage, waist circumference, blood pressure and resting heart rate following the twelve month intervention. In contrast, reductions were identified for the standard intervention group for waist circumference and diastolic blood pressure. Finally, there were no long-term significant improvements identified for the control group. However, group comparisons revealed there were no significant differences between the intervention conditions. The intervention also recorded self-reported psychological outcomes, which demonstrated variations throughout the intervention period for all groups. The potential reasons for these inconsistent outcomes are discussed. A process evaluation following the intervention demonstrated employees valued the health screenings and identified issues relating to knowledge, behaviour change and health implications that were important outputs of the intervention. Based on these findings, the research concludes there is scope to make physical activity interventions in the workplace more effective by applying the stage of change approach. Using the process of simplifying the stages and focusing on whether employees want to change their behaviours or not allows occupational health to deliver information that could be more meaningful and have a significant impact on behaviour change. By understanding employees readiness to change their activity behaviours and targeting information based on their beliefs, attitudes and intentions to change may produce significant improvements in health outcome measures compared to standard information. The results also suggest there is potential for this type of tailored intervention to be extended to other occupational health issues.
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Ozbeklik, Ismail Serkan. "Impact of legal and public policy changes on social and economic behavior." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1185350130.
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Silverman, Ellen S. "Evaluating the stages of behavior change model for use in diverse cultures: Hong Kong versus the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27649.
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This study evaluated the efficacy of the Stages of Behavior Change (SBC) Model for use with Hong Kong Chinese. The SBC Model has demonstrated empirical support in a variety of health behaviors and across diverse populations. Further, the SBC has implications for the development of behavior change interventions. The SBC is composed of three components: stages of change, self-efficacy, and decisional balance. The stages of change are used to determine intention and time frames for behavior change. The SBC model applies Bandura's (1977) definition of self-efficacy and Janis and Manns’ (1968, 1977) conflict theory of decision making. The surveys used to measure these components have been validated and are predictive for condom acquisition. Survey data related to HIV/AIDS prevention (condom use) were collected from university students in Hong Kong and the United States. Comparisons were made across cultures (Hong Kong and the United States) and within the two cultural groups. Exploratory factor analyses using Principal Components Analysis revealed a single-factor model for self-efficacy and a 4-factor model for decisional balance (2 factors for advantages and 2 factors for disadvantages) concerning self (1) and others (we). Main effects for culture and staging were found for self-efficacy and the disadvantage component of decisional balance. Main effects for stage were found for advantages with a significant interaction. These data described an increase in self-efficacy across the stages of change for condom use and greater self-efficacy in HK then the US. The hypotheses for this study were supported with the exception of the advantages component of decisional balance within Hong Kong. Post hoc tests found no difference in self-efficacy in sexually active versus sexually non-active subjects in HK and the US and demonstrated differences in sexually active versus sexually non-active subjects in HK for advantages and disadvantages. Results offer support for using this model with Hong Kong Chinese as the data suggest more similarities than differences across two diverse cultures. These results have important implications for understanding behavior change mechanisms in diverse cultural groups and have significance for intervention planning in Hong Kong for AIDS risk reduction.<br>Ph. D.
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Devlin, Adam Thomas. "On the variability of Pacific Ocean tides at seasonal to decadal time scales| Observed vs modelled." Thesis, Portland State University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10128376.
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<p> Ocean tides worldwide have exhibited secular changes in the past century, simultaneous with a global secular rise in mean sea level (MSL). The combination of these two factors contributes to higher water levels, and may increase threats to coastal regions and populations over the next century. Equally as important as these long-term changes are the short-term fluctuations in sea levels and tidal properties. These fluctuations may interact to yield locally extreme water level events, especially when combined with storm surge. This study, presented in three parts, examines the relationships between tidal anomalies and MSL anomalies on yearly and monthly timescales, with a goal of diagnosing dynamical factors that may influence the long-term evolution of tides in the Pacific Ocean. Correlations between yearly averaged properties are denoted tidal anomaly trends (TATs), and will be used to explore interannual behavior. Correlations of monthly averaged properties are denoted seasonal tidal anomaly trends (STATs), and are used to examine seasonal behavior. Four tidal constituents are analyzed: the two largest semidiurnal (twice daily) constituents, M2 and S2, and the two largest diurnal (once daily) constituents, K1 and O1. </p><p> Part I surveys TATs and STATs at 153 Pacific Ocean tide gauges, and discusses regional patterns within the entire Pacific Ocean. TATs with statistically significant relations between MSL and amplitudes (A-TATs) are seen at 89% of all gauges; 92 gauges for M2, 66 for S2, 82 for K1, and 59 for O1. TATs with statistically significant relations between tidal phase (the relative timing of high water of the tide) and MSL (P-TATs) are observed at 55 gauges for M2, 47 for S2, 42 for K1, and 61 for O1. Significant seasonal variations (STATs) are observed at about a third of all gauges, with the largest concentration in Southeast Asia. The effect of combined A-TATs was also considered. At selected stations, observed tidal sensitivity with MSL was extrapolated forward in time to the predicted sea level in 2100. Results suggest that stations with large positive combined A-TATs produce total water levels that are greater than those predicted by an increase in MSL alone, increasing the chances of high-water events. </p><p> Part II examines the mechanisms behind the yearly (TAT) variability in the Western Tropical Pacific Ocean. Significant amplitude TATs are found at more than half of 26 gauges for each of the two strongest tidal constituents, K1 (diurnal) and M2 (semidiurnal). For the lesser constituents analyzed (O1 and S2), significant trends are observed at ten gauges. </p><p> Part III analyzes the seasonal behavior of tides (STATs) at twenty tide gauges in the Southeast Asian waters, which exhibit variation by 10 – 30% of mean tidal amplitudes. A barotropic ocean tide model that considers the seasonal effects of MSL, stratification, and geostrophic and Ekman velocity is used to explain the observed seasonal variability in tides due to variations in monsoon-influenced climate forcing, with successful results at about half of all gauges. The observed changes in tides are best explained by the influence of non-tidal velocities (geostrophic and Ekman), though the effect of changing stratification is also an important secondary causative mechanism. </p><p> From the results of these surveys and investigations, it is concluded that short-term fluctuations in MSL and tidal properties at multiple time scales may be as important in determining the state of future water levels as the long-term trends. Global explanations for the observed tidal behavior have not been found in this study; however, significant regional explanations are found at the yearly time scale in the Solomon Sea, and at the seasonal time scale in Southeast Asia. It is likely that tidal sensitivity to annual and seasonal variations in MSL at other locations also are driven by locally specific processes, rather than factors with basin-wide coherence. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.)</p>
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Olachnovitch, Vonya. "The transtheoretical model of behavior change and social physique anxiety among middle school physical education students." Virtual Press, 2001. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1217389.
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There is a need to look at the determinants of exercise behavior in adolescents, as there is a large deficit of research concerning this population. The purpose of this study was to examine Social Physique Anxiety (SPA) and the body shape of adolescents participating in a semester of physical education class. A secondary purpose was to create general profiles by combining the SPA information and the Transtheoretical Model (TM) of behavior change. Middle school students (N= 374) participated by completing a regularly scheduled physical education class and completing the Exercise Behavior Change Survey (which assessed Body Shape, SPA and TM) pre and post semester. The study revealed participation in class had no effect on SPA levels or Body Shape scores, nor did the study reveal any gender differences with these two concepts. Concerning the TM, SPA may not be a factor for progressing through the stages of change, although it may effect which processes were utilized and how one identifies the pros and cons of exercising. The Social Physique Anxiety Scale only reached an alpha of .50, possibly contributing to the lack of relationship between SPA and TM.<br>School of Physical Education
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Wallace, Ian Joseph. "Examining student engagement and its influence in a social contextual model of adolescent health behavior change." VCU Scholars Compass, 2008. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1500.
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Current theoretical models of health behavior change frequently serve as the theoretical backdrop to adolescent health promotion programs. Yet, despite that each main theory was developed with adults and for adults, appropriate and necessary changes for adolescents are often neglected. The unique values, priorities, and abilities of adolescents are important and therefore necessary to consider during health promotion efforts. The present study explored student engagement, a unique adolescent need that has been shown to facilitate achievement in academic environments. Evidence from the psychological and educational literatures suggests that engagement may uniquely influence the process of health behavior change for adolescents. Due to the paucity of related investigations, the current study first explored the structure of the student engagement construct, and second, tested student engagement as a predictor of behavioral intentions in three separate social contextual models of adolescent health behavior change. A mixed-method quasi-experimental design was used in the investigation. Data were gathered from a school-based randomized intervention program, Building a BRIDGE to Better Health (BRIDGE). BRIDGE was a 6 week life skills intervention program that was created to promote cancer-risk reduction among adolescents. It was based on a genealogy and health promotion/disease prevention model. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was performed to investigate the latent structure of the student engagement construct. Linear mixed models (LMM) were used to test student engagement as a novel predictor within social contextual models of health behavior change predicting student intentions to reduce fat consumption, conduct self-examinations, and exercise. The EFA yielded a one-factor solution that included six of the initial seven items. This finding did not support the hypothesis, which predicted that items would differentiate into behavioral, cognitive, and emotional types of student engagement. Results of the LMMs supported the hypotheses that student engagement would have a significant effect on student intentions to reduce fat consumption, conduct self-examinations, and exercise. Based on comparisons between student engagement and similar predictor variables, overall findings indicate mixed support for student engagement as a significant predictor in theoretically-based models of adolescent health behavior change.
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Bates, Celesta Suzanne. "Academic Leaders' Perspectives on the Impact of Change in Higher Education on Leadership Development and the Faculty Governance Model." Thesis, Indiana Wesleyan University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13421676.
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<p> This study utilized a qualitative approach to examine academic leaders’ perceptions of the impact of the changes occurring in the higher education environment on leader development and the faculty governance model. Interviews were conducted with academic leaders in four regionally accredited, 4-year, private, similarly-sized, religiously affiliated institutions in a rural region of a Midwestern state. The interviews explored the perceptions of academic leaders on the impact of changes within the context of the social construct of the higher education environment, the contextual influence on leaders and leadership development, and the faculty governance model. The results suggested that individuals socially reconstruct their environments by revisioning the challenges in the context of the mission of the institution. The results further revealed the philosophies of trust, support, mentoring, followership, and decision making as critical to shared leadership in the higher education environment. Academic leader development, the faculty governance process, and shared governance were influenced by the changes occurring in the environment. These findings have important implications suggesting the need to examine the construct of leadership in the higher education environment and academic leaders’ influence on faculty governance and shared governance. The findings also raise interesting possibilities for advancing an augmented view of leadership in the higher education environment.</p><p>
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Blanco, González Víctor. "Modelling adaptation strategies for Swedish forestry under climate and global change." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25380.
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Adaptation is necessary to cope with, or take advantage of, the effects of climate change on socio-ecological systems. This is especially important in the forestry sector, which is sensitive to the ecological and economic impacts of climate change, and where the adaptive decisions of owners play out over long periods of time. These decisions are subject to experienced and expected impacts, and depend upon the temporal interactions of a range of individual and institutional actors. Knowledge of, and responses to, climate change are therefore very important if forestry is to cope with, or take advantage of, the effects of climate change over longer timescales. It is important to understand the role of human behaviour and decision-making processes in the study of complex socio-ecological systems and modelling is a method that can support experiments to advance this understanding. This study is based on the development of CRAFTY-Sweden; an agent-based model that allows the exploration of Swedish land-use dynamics and adaptation to climate change through scenario analysis. In CRAFTY-Sweden, forest and farmland owners make land use and management decisions according to their objectives, management preferences and capabilities. As a result of their management and location characteristics they are able to provide ecosystem services. To explore future change, quantitative scenarios were used that considered both socio-economic development pathways and climatic change. Simulations were run under the different scenarios for the period 2010-2100, for the whole of Sweden. Furthermore, because institutions (i.e. organisations) also influence socio-ecological systems through their actions and interactions between them and with land owners and the environment, a conceptual model of institutional actions applied to socio-ecological systems was developed. The application of this conceptual model was explored through a model of institutions that can act, interact and adapt to environmental change in attempting to affect ecosystem service provision within a simple forestry governance system. I found that forestry in the future will likely be unable to meet societal demands for forest services solely on the basis of autonomous adaptation. A northward expansion of agriculture and especially of forestry proved positive for both sectors to adapt to changing conditions, under several scenarios, given the substantial land availability and the improved environmental conditions for plant growth. Legacy effects of past land-use change can have a great impact on future land-use change and adaptation processes, especially in forestry. Also, greater competition for land may lead to shorter forest rotation times. Socio-economic change and land owner behavioural differences may have a larger impact on owner competitiveness, land-use change and ecosystem service provision than climate-driven changes in land productivity. Different owner objectives and behaviour resulted in different levels of ecosystem service provision. Also, particular forest types were differently suitable for adaptation depending on the sets of objectives under which they were managed. Owners implementing particular management strategies can be differently competitive under different future scenarios, and the suitability of such strategies for adaptation is not a static, inherent characteristic of a system. Instead, it evolves in response to changing contexts that include both the external global change drivers and the internal dynamics of agent interactions. Additionally, institutional conceptual models as presented here can support better understanding of the key institutional decision-making dynamics and their consequences, endogenously, flexibly across different socio-ecological systems. Finally, study limitations, future research and the policy relevance of findings are discussed.
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Del, Valle Sara Yemimah. "Effects of behavioral changes and mixing patterns in mathematical models for smallpox epidemics." Diss., University of Iowa, 2005. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/105.
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In Chapter 1, we study the effects of behavioral changes in a smallpox attack model. Response strategies to a smallpox bioterrorist attack have focused on interventions such as isolation, contact tracing, quarantine, ring vaccination, and mass vaccination. We formulate and analyze a mathematical model in which some individuals lower their daily contact activity rates once an epidemic has been identified in a community. We use computer simulations to analyze the effects of behavior change alone and in combination with other control measures. We demonstrate that the spread of the disease is highly sensitive to how rapidly people reduce their contact activity.
In Chapter 2, we study mixing patterns between age groups using social networks. The course of an epidemic through a population is determined by the interactions among individuals. To capture these elements of reality, we use the contact network simulations for the city of Portland, Oregon that were developed as part of the TRANSIMS/EpiSims project to study and identify mixing patterns. We analyze contact patterns between different age groups and identify those groups who are at higher risk of infection. We describe a new method for estimating transmission matrices that describe the mixing and the probability of transmission between the age groups. We use this matrix in a simple differential equation model for the spread of smallpox. Our differential equation model shows that the epidemic size of a smallpox outbreak could be greatly affected by the level of residual immunity in the population.
In Chapter 3, we study the effects of mixing patterns in the presence of population heterogeneity. We investigate the impact that different mixing assumptions have on the spread of a disease in an age-structured differential equation model. We use realistic, semi-bias and bias mixing matrices and investigate the impact that these mixing patterns have on epidemic outcomes when compared to random mixing. Furthermore, we investigate the impact of population heterogeneity such as differences in susceptibility and infectivity within the population for a smallpox epidemic outbreak. We find that different mixing assumptions lead to differences in disease prevalence and final epidemic size.
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Kirchhof, Sebastian, Robyn S. Hetem, Hilary M. Lease, et al. "Thermoregulatory behavior and high thermal preference buffer impact of climate change in a Namib Desert lizard." WILEY, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626549.
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Knowledge of the thermal ecology of a species can improve model predictions for temperature-induced population collapse, which in light of climate change is increasingly important for species with limited distributions. Here, we use a multi-faceted approach to quantify and integrate the thermal ecology, properties of the thermal habitat, and past and present distribution of the diurnal, xeric-adapted, and active-foraging Namibian lizard Pedioplanis husabensis (Sauria: Lacertidae) to model its local extinction risk under future climate change scenarios. We asked whether climatic conditions in various regions of its range are already so extreme that local extirpations of P. husabensis have already occurred, or whether this micro-endemic species is adapted to these extreme conditions and uses behavior to mitigate the environmental challenges. To address this, we collected thermoregulation and climate data at a micro-scale level and combined it with micro-and macroclimate data across the species' range to model extinction risk. We found that P. husabensis inhabits a thermally harsh environment, but also has high thermal preference. In cooler parts of its range, individuals are capable of leaving thermally favorable conditions-based on the species' thermal preference-unused during the day, probably to maintain low metabolic rates. Furthermore, during the summer, we observed that individuals regulate at body temperatures below the species' high thermal preference to avoid body temperatures approaching the critical thermal maximum. We find that populations of this species are currently persisting even at the hottest localities within the species' geographic distribution. We found no evidence of range shifts since the 1960s despite a documented increase in air temperatures. Nevertheless, P. husabensis only has a small safety margin between the upper limit of its thermal preference and the critical thermal maximum and might undergo range reductions in the near future under even the most moderate climate change scenarios.
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Zarifnejad, Sirwan, and Petra Johansson. "Nudge Management; a way to Motivate Healthier Behavior." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38067.
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Today, organizations are facing rising costs caused by increased employee sick - leave. A way to motivate employees to choose a healthier lifestyle is for the employer to offer wellness incentives. However, not too many employees are taking advantage of the incentives. According to the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change (TTM) , people are at different stages in their behavior change process. By knowing their personal obstacles to change, organizations can use nudge management and wellness incentives to help their employees to choose a healthier lifestyle. In order to get some answers, we conducted qualitative interviews at the Swedish Migration Agency. The result of our research showed seven main obstacles, and in this thesis we have explored dif erent nudges organizations can use to promote health and to lower sick - leave.
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Neville, Steven P. "Does Stage of Exercise Behavior Predict College Students' Perceptions of Framed Persuasive Messages about Exercise?" Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1586780323700907.
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Silverman, Ellen Sharon. "Evaluating the stages of behavior change model for use in diverse cultures Hong Kong versus the United States /." access full-text online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium, 1995. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9529878.
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