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Journal articles on the topic 'Behavior change models'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 19 February 2023
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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1

Glanz, Karen, and Michael P. Eriksen. "Individual and community models for dietary behavior change." Journal of Nutrition Education 25, no. 2 (March 1993): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-3182(12)80969-1.

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2

MALOUIN, R. "Health behavior models: tools for understanding and facilitating patient behavior change." Clinics in Family Practice 5, no. 4 (December 2003): 861–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1522-5720(03)00087-4.

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3

Prusaczyk, Artur, Joanna Oberska, Paweł Żuk, Marika Guzek, and Magdalena Bogdan. "Behaviorism and the concepts of influencing the attitudes of patients towards health behaviors." Journal of Education, Health and Sport 13, no. 4 (February 16, 2023): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/jehs.2023.13.04.011.

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Health professionals in primary care teams need to know how to effectively encourage patients to change health behaviors to achieve treatment goals. Understanding the behavioral patterns and psychological underpinnings of making changes can help healthcare professionals deliver interventions with a higher success rate. The aim of the study was to assess the importance of behavior patterns in shaping patients' health attitudes and behaviors. There are three types of theoretical models that explain how health behaviors are initiated and changed: motivational, post-intentional, and multistage models. Motivation models describe the role of individual cognitive variables in the process of creating the intention to change behavior. Changing habits in the context of health promotion takes place by influencing the perception of patients. This can be achieved using the TRA (Theory of Reasoned Action), TBP (Theory of Planned Behavior) and HBM (Health Belief Model) models by convincing the public about susceptibility to a given disease, disseminating knowledge about effective methods of prevention and generating persuasion, support, admiration or recognition in society after positive behaviors such as smoking cessation or regular physical activity. Post-intentional models indicate factors that increase the chance of translating motivation into action. They commit the individual to a certain action when certain environmental circumstances are met, thus helping to translate the intention of the goal into action. Multi-stage models describe health behaviors as involving several separate stages. These theories are based on the assumption that people at different stages will behave differently, so the types of interventions and information needed to change behavior will vary depending on the stage they are at. Helping patients set realistic goals, such as moving to the next stage, can facilitate the change process. Effective behavioral interventions must be based on changing the approach of medical staff to the interpersonal process with the patient. This approach should be patient-centred and collaborative. Medical staff should assess the importance that the patient attaches to his health and the treatment process, and thus also the willingness and motivation to comply with the recommendations. Merely providing information will not guarantee a change in their behavior. Healthcare professionals should use active listening techniques (using open-ended questions, explanations, reflective and summarizing statements), should encourage patients to express concerns, and should be able to weigh the pros and cons of different treatment approaches.
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Haynes, Stephen N. "Dynamical, Nonlinear, Conditional, and Functional Models of Behavior Change." Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice 3, no. 1 (March 1996): 101–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2850.1996.tb00060.x.

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Nieuwenhuijsen, Els R., Eric Zemper, Kathleen R. Miner, and Marcy Epstein. "Health behavior change models and theories: contributions to rehabilitation." Disability and Rehabilitation 28, no. 5 (January 2006): 245–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638280500197743.

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6

Forest, M. Gregory, and Qi Wang. "Change-of-type behavior in viscoelastic slender jet models." Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics 2, no. 1 (1990): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00271426.

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7

Fogg, B. J., and Jim Euchner. "Designing for Behavior Change—New Models and Moral Issues." Research-Technology Management 62, no. 5 (September 3, 2019): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08956308.2019.1638490.

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8

Hekler, Eric B., Susan Michie, Misha Pavel, Daniel E. Rivera, Linda M. Collins, Holly B. Jimison, Claire Garnett, Skye Parral, and Donna Spruijt-Metz. "Advancing Models and Theories for Digital Behavior Change Interventions." American Journal of Preventive Medicine 51, no. 5 (November 2016): 825–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.06.013.

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9

Abu Samah, PhD, Asnarulkhadi, Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh, PhD, Hayrol Azril Mohamed Shaffril, PhD, Jeffrey Lawrence D’Silva, PhD, and Syafila Kamarudin, MA, PhD Candidate. "Researching natural disaster preparedness through health behavioral change models." American Journal of Disaster Medicine 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 51–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/ajdm.2019.0315.

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There have been an increasing number of studies conducted on community preparedness, particularly on changing individual health behaviors in ways that minimizes individual risk to cope with the stress of a natural disaster. A variety of behavioral change theories and models used by disaster academics scrutinize the manner in which individual behavior is sought and transformed into disaster preparedness. This reflects the lack of knowledge about how these models identify certain behaviors regarding natural disaster preparation. This article seeks to address this lack of knowledge. It presents a set of health behavioral change models that can be used by scholars to comprehend variation in the nature and extent of individual disaster preparedness. The purpose of this study is to provide a review of the existing models on the subject, and also to present a comparative analysis of the models that may contribute to ways of understanding the investigation on natural disaster preparedness behaviors.
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Albino, J., and T. Tiwari. "Behavior Change for Caries Prevention: Understanding Inconsistent Results." JDR Clinical & Translational Research 5, no. 1 (September 27, 2019): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2380084419878180.

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Most applied work on caries prevention acknowledges the role of oral hygiene and dietary control strategies in reducing the prevalence and incidence of caries. What we seldom address, however, is the necessity of initiating and sustaining behaviors that will ensure these strategies are implemented. Virtually every approach to prevention of caries requires the individual to do something, that is, to engage in different behavior. We are continually confronted by the fact that to improve oral health, individuals must behave in new ways. Strategies for achieving better oral health most often have relied on providing information or telling people what they should or should not do. These approaches have not proven highly effective, yet they continue to be the mainstay of efforts to improve oral health. Acknowledging this failure, dental behavioral scientists have turned to the health beliefs model or to other cognitive-behavioral models, with their emphases on relative risks, barriers, and readiness to change. These models help us to conceptualize what people are doing to keep themselves, or their children, orally healthy, but the success of these models has been only marginal, especially among groups where disparities are extreme. In response, increasingly complex models that require attention to social and environmental variables, as well as individual behavior, have been proposed. Acknowledgment of “upstream variables” has become common—especially when working with populations experiencing health disparities, but overcoming upstream influences can appear to require sweeping changes that we often are not in a position to address. Consequently, research only picks away at individual elements of models, seeking the behavioral “magic bullet.” In an effort to elucidate the challenges, this article introduces the construct of overdetermination of behavior and encourages more rigorous documentation of potential determinants, as well as personalized development of behavioral approaches for implementing strategies to improve oral health. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This article reexamines our inconsistent results in effecting behavior change for better oral health using 2 important psychological constructs: “upstream variables” and the “overdetermination” of behavior.
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11

Toledo, Tomer, Haris N. Koutsopoulos, and Moshe E. Ben-Akiva. "Modeling Integrated Lane-Changing Behavior." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1857, no. 1 (January 2003): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1857-04.

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The lane-changing model is an important component within microscopic traffic simulation tools. Following the emergence of these tools in recent years, interest in the development of more reliable lane-changing models has increased. Lane-changing behavior is also important in several other applications such as capacity analysis and safety studies. Lane-changing behavior is usually modeled in two steps: ( a) the decision to consider a lane change, and ( b) the decision to execute the lane change. In most models, lane changes are classified as either mandatory (MLC) or discretionary (DLC). MLC are performed when the driver must leave the current lane. DLC are performed to improve driving conditions. Gap acceptance models are used to model the execution of lane changes. The classification of lane changes as either mandatory or discretionary prohibits capturing trade-offs between these considerations. The result is a rigid behavioral structure that does not permit, for example, overtaking when mandatory considerations are active. Using these models within a microsimulator may result in unrealistic traffic flow characteristics. In addition, little empirical work has been done to rigorously estimate the parameters of lane-changing models. An integrated lane-changing model, which allows drivers to jointly consider mandatory and discretionary considerations, is presented. Parameters of the model are estimated with detailed vehicle trajectory data.
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12

Orsucci, Franco, and Wolfgang Tschacher. "Complexity Science in Human Change: Research, Models, Clinical Applications." Entropy 24, no. 11 (November 17, 2022): 1670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24111670.

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13

Lewis, M. Samantha. "Health Behavior Change Models to Prevent Noise-Induced Auditory Dysfunction." Hearing Journal 73, no. 10 (October 2020): 36,37,38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.hj.0000719800.96632.d5.

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14

Hyman, James M., and Jia Li. "Infection-age structured epidemic models with behavior change or treatment." Journal of Biological Dynamics 1, no. 1 (January 2007): 109–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17513750601040383.

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15

Kaufman, Michelle R., Flora Cornish, Rick S. Zimmerman, and Blair T. Johnson. "Health Behavior Change Models for HIV Prevention and AIDS Care." JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 66 (August 2014): S250—S258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/qai.0000000000000236.

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16

Snowdon, Charles T. "Bottoms-up! A refreshing change in models." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23, no. 2 (April 2000): 266–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00412434.

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Top-down models typically used to explain social behavior involve specific adaptations and higher level cognition. The Pavlovian conditioning model proposed can be extended to explain formation of dominance hierarchies and group structure, can replace a pheromonal model of reproductive suppression, and can be applied to language learning. This bottom-up approach based on general learning principles is a refreshing alternative to top-down models.
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17

Hilley, Chanler D., and Holly P. O’Rourke. "Dynamic change meets mechanisms of change: Examining mediators in the latent change score framework." International Journal of Behavioral Development 46, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): 125–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/01650254211064352.

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Researchers in behavioral sciences are often interested in longitudinal behavior change outcomes and the mechanisms that influence changes in these outcomes over time. The statistical models that are typically implemented to address these research questions do not allow for investigation of mechanisms of dynamic change over time. However, latent change score models allow for dynamic change (not just linear or exponential change) over time and have flexibility in parameter constraints that other longitudinal models do not have. Developmental researchers also frequently utilize mediation analyses to investigate mechanisms of influence in longitudinal research implemented in path analytic or latent growth curve models. In this article, we provide three examples of how mediation can be tested in the latent change score framework by combining aspects of traditional mediation models with latent change score models of repeated measures outcomes (and mediators and predictors) with more than two timepoints. We also provide the Mplus syntax to complete these analyses and practical considerations of latent change score mediation (LCSM) models.
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18

Neff, James Alan, and Samuel A. MacMaster. "Applying Behavior Change Models to Understand Spiritual Mechanisms Underlying Change in Substance Abuse Treatment." American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse 31, no. 4 (January 2005): 669–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/ada-200068459.

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19

Harrison, Brent. "Creating Model-Based Adaptive Environments Using Game-Specific and Game-Independent Analytics." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 27, no. 1 (June 29, 2013): 1666–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v27i1.8503.

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My research involves creating and evaluating adaptive game environments using player models created with data-driven techniques and algorithms. I hypothesize that I will be able to change parts of a game to elicit certain behaviors from players,and that these changes will also result in an increase of engagement and/or intrinsic motivation. Initial results in my testbed game, Scrabblesque, indicate that data-driven models and techniques can be used to influence player behavior and that these changes in play behavior manifest themselves as an increase in engagement and intrinsic motivation.
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20

Seelam, Srikanth, and Arpan Mehar. "DEVELOPMENT OF LANE CHANGE MODELS THROUGH MICROSCOPIC SIMULATION UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC." Jurnal Teknologi 84, no. 4 (May 30, 2022): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.18074.

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The number of motor vehicles and traffic demand is growing in tandem with society's rapid economic development and the quickening process of urbanization. In India, traffic congestion has become the most serious issue. Vehicle's poor lane-changing behaviors have a significant impact on the speed of the traffic system. The lane change behavior was observed in the study with the traffic flow simulation model VISSIM. The purpose of this investigation is to estimate the number of lane changes by simulating them at different volume levels. The study also shows the capacity estimate and its relationship with the lane change. The maximum traffic flow and lane changes were calculated based on the proportions of each vehicle type in the standard car traffic flow. The maximum number of lane change models for known traffic compositions on 4-lane, 6-lane, and 8-lane divided highways has been developed. According to the results, the number of observed lane changes depends on the volume of traffic and the number of lanes provided for a particular direction of travel. The composition and vehicle types also have a significant influence on lane changes and highway capacity, which involves uncertainties in the analysis of traffic flow properties.
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21

Vincke, John, Rudolf Mak, Ralph Bolton, and Paul Jurica. "Factors Affecting AIDS-related Sexual Behavior Change among Flemish Gay Men." Human Organization 52, no. 3 (September 1, 1993): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.52.3.yr86618167334v74.

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Most studies to date that have attempted to explain the absence of a relationship between AIDS knowledge and behavioral change have used social psychological variables from diverse theoretical frameworks. The study reported in this article builds further on that research by simultaneously considering aspects of the health belief model, the fear reduction model, and the social support model. It is argued that the variables in these models not only complement each other but that they also interact. Using data gathered from a computerized questionnaire self-administered in a sample of Flemish gay men, the investigators employed multiple regression analysis with backward elimination to determine concurrently those factors from the indicated models that contributed to AIDS-related sexual behavior. The results confirm that components of the three models interact and that none alone can explain behavior change. The most important factor in inducing change was belief in the efficacy of safer sex practices. AIDS knowledge also proved to be significant. The combination of high perceived susceptibility and high self-efficacy was associated with safer sexual behaviors. High visibility of AIDS interacting with a high level of denial did not prevent subjects from adopting safer sex practices. Subjects experiencing social isolation were prone to change their behaviors. The authors interpret these findings within the context of the characteristics of the social situation of gay men in Flanders.
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22

Oldenhave, Danny, Stijn Hoppenbrouwers, and Theo P. van der Weide. "A Heuristic Approach to Use Behavioral Models to Design for Change." International Journal of Information System Modeling and Design 12, no. 3 (July 2021): 44–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijismd.2021070103.

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PMD is a method to design for sustainable behavior change within organizations concerning the introduction of innovation. An earlier evaluation of PMD among users and a use case resulted in the need for refinements. In this paper, the authors describe the refined version of PMD and validate this in another case, in which a solution based on the interaction elements resulting from the PMD method was created for a company. Based on data acquired, they designed models of current and requested behavior. They selected the right interaction elements to facilitate the target audience in a change of behavior. After implementing the solution at the pre-fab concrete company, the authors observed a change in behavior among users, growing towards the behavior required to reach the set business objectives. The research allowed for the creation, evaluation, and validation of the PMD method itself in a real-life situation and showed that it is possible, at least in the use case in this research, to design for a required behavior change to increase adoption of innovations in organizations.
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23

Laily, Rohisotul, Rasipin Rasipin, Supriyana Supriyana, Suharyo Hadisaputro, and Bedjo Santoso. "Behaviour Change Therapy Model Training in Efforts to Change Tooth Brushing Behavior Parents / Guardians of Mental Retarded ChildrenPelatihan Model Behaviour Change Therapy Terhadap Upaya Perubahan Perilaku Menggosok Gigi Orang Tua/ Wali Anak Retardasi." Journal of Applied Health Management and Technology 1, no. 4 (November 3, 2021): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31983/jahmt.v1i4.6022.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Dental and oral health problems of most people, including mental retardation children. Child health policy mental retardation with all its limitations requires the participation of parents/ guardians. Brushing teeth behavior of parents in increasing motivation to brush children's teeth mentally retarded. Strategies for providing dental health education in accordance with the needs and abilities of children are needed. Behavior change therapy model in parents/ guardians is a learning model as a skill in brushing children's teeth mentally retarded. Puspose: The purpose of this study is to produce a behavior change therapy model that is able to improve the brushing behavior of parents/ guardians of children with mental retardation. Methods: Research and Development (R D) procedures there are 5 stages of gathering information, design models, expert validation and revision, test models, the final results of the model. The sample collected 32 parents / guardians. Sampling using a purposive sampling technique. Data on the model results were tested by paired different tests, intergroup difference tests, and proportion. Results: The results of this study, obtained about changes in significant in increasing knowledge knowledge (0.000), attitudes (0.000), skills (0.000) parents/ guardians. Conclusion The model of appropriate and effective behavior change therapy is effective in increasing the brushing of teeth of parents / guardians of children with mental retardation. Keywords: Behaviour change therapy models, tooth brushing behavior, parents/ guardians of children with mental retardation. ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Masalah kesehatan gigi dan mulut sebagian besar dialami masyarakat, termasuk anak retardasi mental. keadaan ini disebabkan rendahnya perilaku pemeliharaan kesehatan gigi. Anak retardasi mental dengan segala keterbatasan yang dimilikinya memerlukan peran serta orang tua/ wali. Perilaku menggosok gigi orang tua berpengaruh besar dalam peningkatan perilaku menggosok gigi anak retardasi mental. Strategi pemberian pendidikan kesehatan gigi yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan kemampuan anak sangat dibutuhkan. Model behaviour change therapy pada orang tua/ wali merupakan model pembelajaran sebagai keterampilan perilaku menggosok gigi anak retardasi mental. Tujuan penelitian ini menghasilkan model behaviour change therapy mampu meninngkatkan perilaku menggosok gigi orang tua/ wali anak retardasi mental. Metode : Research and Development (RD) prosedur ada 5 tahap pengumpulan informasi, rancang bangun model, validasi ahli dan revisi, uji model, hasil akhir model.Sampel berjumlah 32 orang tua/ wali. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data hasil model diuji dengan uji beda berpasangan, uji beda antar kelompok, dan uji proporsi. Hasil menunjukan. Hasil penelitian ini, didapatkan bahwa perubahan dalam sigifikan dalam peningkatan pengetahuan (0,000), sikap (0,000), keterampilan (0,000) orang tua/ wali. Kesimpulan model behaviour change therapy layak dan penerapannya efektif terhadap peningkatan perilaku menggosok gigi orang tua/ wali anak retardasi mental. Kata kunci : model bahviour change therapy, perilaku menggosok gigi, orang tua/wali anak retardasi mental
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Odland, J. "Sources of Change in the Process of Population Redistribution in the United States, 1955–1980." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 20, no. 6 (June 1988): 789–809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a200789.

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The location of population in the United States is being altered by processes of population redistribution which are themselves subject to change. A framework for the investigation of changes in a continuing process of population redistribution is introduced in this paper, and is used to test hypotheses about the sources of change in the process of the redistribution over the states of the USA. Changes in migration behavior are the major source of change in redistribution patterns, and incremental logit models are used to test the hypothesis that changes in migration behavior are responsive to changes in the localization of employment and changes in the demography of the population. Models of changes in migration behavior are used to construct a series of models of the relocation of population, which are investigated by means of information statistics. The results support the hypothesis that patterns of population redistribution in the 1970s differed substantially from the patterns of earlier decades. Changes in migration behavior are associated with changes in the location of employment opportunities, and the employment-related changes in out-migration and destination choice account, in turn, for much of the change in population redistribution patterns.
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25

Manzano, Nayeli, Luis Rivas, and George Bonilla. "Explanatory Models of Change of Consumer Behavior Applied to Social Marketing." iBusiness 04, no. 03 (2012): 246–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ib.2012.43031.

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26

Nishiyama, Yuuki, Tadashi Okoshi, Takuro Yonezawa, Jin Nakazawa, Kazunori Takashio, and Hideyuki Tokuda. "Toward Health Exercise Behavior Change for Teams Using Lifelog Sharing Models." IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 20, no. 3 (May 2016): 775–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jbhi.2015.2478903.

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27

McCrea, Rod, Zoe Leviston, and Iain A. Walker. "Climate Change Skepticism and Voting Behavior." Environment and Behavior 48, no. 10 (July 27, 2016): 1309–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013916515599571.

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Political will for action on climate change requires support from the electorate and low levels of climate change skepticism. Rational models suggest that skepticism influences voting behavior; however, other theories suggest the reverse direction of influence may also hold. There is a body of research on associations between climate change skepticism and political preferences, but this has been limited to cross-sectional analyses. This article uses longitudinal data and cross-lagged modeling to infer the direction of influence in a post-election context. We found that voting behavior influenced climate change skepticism after an election more than climate change skepticism influenced voting intentions. This suggests that partisan politics increases fluctuations in climate change skepticism, and there may be more or less opportune times to pursue climate change policies. Similar research is now needed in pre- and mid-election cycle contexts to determine the direction of influence over the election cycle.
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Dawson, P. "Beyond Conventional Change Models: A Processual Perspective." Asia Pacific Journal of Human Resources 34, no. 2 (December 1, 1996): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841119603400207.

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Kiley, Kevin, and Stephen Vaisey. "Measuring Stability and Change in Personal Culture Using Panel Data." American Sociological Review 85, no. 3 (June 2020): 477–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122420921538.

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Models of population-wide cultural change tend to invoke one of two broad models of individual change. One approach theorizes people actively updating their beliefs and behaviors in the face of new information. The other argues that, following early socialization experiences, dispositions are stable. We formalize these two models, elaborate empirical implications of each, and derive a simple combined model for comparing them using panel data. We test this model on 183 attitude and behavior items from the 2006 to 2014 rotating panels of the General Social Survey. The pattern of results is complex but more consistent with the settled dispositions model than with the active updating model. Most of the observed change in the GSS appears to be short-term attitude change or measurement error rather than persisting changes. When persistent change occurs, it is somewhat more likely to occur in younger people and for public behaviors and beliefs about high-profile issues than for private attitudes. We argue that we need both models in our theory of cultural evolution but that we need more research on the circumstances under which each is more likely to apply.
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Weyland, Kurt. "Institutional Change in Latin America: External Models and their Unintended Consequences." Journal of Politics in Latin America 1, no. 1 (April 2009): 37–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1866802x0900100103.

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Influential theories claim that institutions shape actor behavior but are sustained by these actors’ behavior. How do scholars escape from this trap of endogeneity? This article highlights a partially exogenous factor: institutional models and blueprints. Since these ideational schemes do not emerge from actor preferences, they play an independent, irreducible role in institutional creation. In fact, Latin America has borrowed many blueprints from the “First World.” But transferred to a different setting, these imported models often fail to command firm, reliable compliance and do not operate well. Therefore, informal mechanisms arise and guide behavior. External borrowing thus produces persistent disjunctures in institutional development.
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Abrell-Vogel, Carolin, and Jens Rowold. "Leaders’ commitment to change and their effectiveness in change – a multilevel investigation." Journal of Organizational Change Management 27, no. 6 (October 7, 2014): 900–921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-07-2012-0111.

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Purpose – Followers’ affective commitment to change has been found to constitute a strong predictor of the success of change initiatives in organizations. Several studies have yet shown positive effects of transformational leadership on followers’ commitment to change. However, up to date there is no study examining the direct effects of different transformational leadership behaviors on followers’ commitment to change and the moderating impact of leaders’ commitment to change on these relationships. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – This study uses a cross-sectional, multilevel design based on multisource date from 38 teams from different organizations with a total of 177 participating team members. Data of leaders’ and followers’ commitment to change as well as ratings of transformational leadership behavior were captured applying a quantitative approach. Findings – Results show a significant positive effect of the transformational leadership behavior “individual support” on followers’ affective commitment toward change. Moreover, the transformational leadership behavior “providing an appropriate model” was shown as only positively contributing to followers’ commitment to change when leaders’ own commitment toward change was high. Research limitations/implications – Due to the multilevel and multisource data, the sample is relatively small which limits the external validity of findings. Also, future studies should invest in longitudinal replication of relationships. Research on leaders’ and followers’ commitment to change should continue to develop more complete models of interacting influence factors. Practical implications – For team leaders and organizations, results underline the importance of individual support of team members. Thus, leaders need to be enabled to invest individual leadership in the long run. Also, leaders need to become aware of their own commitment toward the change and, going beyond, need to develop a positive bond to the change if they want to be able to act as successful role models. Originality/value – This paper contributes to existing literature by offering a more detailed insight for researchers and practitioners into the effectiveness of transformational leadership in change by exploring the impact of different transformational leadership behaviors effecting followers’ commitment to change. Moreover, it provides important knowledge about the relevance of leaders’ own commitment to change as a moderator of effective leadership in change.
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Jogineedi, Rohit, Kaushik Biswas, and Som Shrestha. "Experimental Study of the Behavior of Phase Change Materials during Interrupted Phase Change Processes." Energies 14, no. 23 (December 1, 2021): 8021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14238021.

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This research article explores the behavior of a phase change material (PCM) when it undergoes interrupted melting and freezing, through experimental investigations using a heat flow meter apparatus. A fatty acid-based organic PCM, encapsulated within polyethylene and thin aluminum foil layers, was experimentally tested in this study. Experiments were designed to represent multiple interrupted phase change scenarios that could occur within PCMs applied in buildings. The experimental results were analyzed and compared with previously reported assumptions in numerical models dealing with PCM hysteresis and interrupted phase change processes. These comparisons indicated that the assumptions used in the different numerical models considered can capture the interrupted phase change phenomena with varying degrees of accuracy. The findings also highlighted the need for additional experimental research on different phase change processes that can occur in building applications of PCMs.
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Zhao, Han-Tao, Jing-Ru Li, and Cen Nie. "Cellular automaton models for traffic flow considering opposite driving of an emergency vehicle." International Journal of Modern Physics C 26, no. 07 (April 30, 2015): 1550079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129183115500795.

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Aiming at two-lane road, this paper establishes three models to analyze the opposite-overtaking rules of emergency vehicle based on cellular automaton (CCA) model. Based on the simulation of mixed traffic flow for multi-density conditions, the density-speed diagrams have been obtained consequently. According to the analysis, when the traffic density of the opposite lane is low, the opposite driving behavior of emergency vehicle can improve the average speed effectively. At the same time, if the cocurrent lane is in high-density traffic, the traffic in the opposite lane will be disturbed, but the vehicles in the cocurrent lane will not be affected. The paper has further discussed the influence of different emergency vehicle driving behaviors on traffic. The results reveal that as the traffic of the opposite lane is in a low-density range, if emergency vehicle operates overtaking behavior precisely, the greater the density of the cocurrent lane is, the more obviously the speed improve. Meanwhile large random fluctuation of overtaking times will occur. While the risky lane change behavior displays different traffic characteristics, that is when the same direction lane is in high density, the speed increases slightly and the lane change number is changed regularly.
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Lydon-Staley, David M., Eli J. Cornblath, Ann Sizemore Blevins, and Danielle S. Bassett. "Modeling brain, symptom, and behavior in the winds of change." Neuropsychopharmacology 46, no. 1 (August 28, 2020): 20–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41386-020-00805-6.

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AbstractNeuropsychopharmacology addresses pressing questions in the study of three intertwined complex systems: the brain, human behavior, and symptoms of illness. The field seeks to understand the perturbations that impinge upon those systems, either driving greater health or illness. In the pursuit of this aim, investigators often perform analyses that make certain assumptions about the nature of the systems that are being perturbed. Those assumptions can be encoded in powerful computational models that serve to bridge the wide gulf between a descriptive analysis and a formal theory of a system’s response. Here we review a set of three such models along a continuum of complexity, moving from a local treatment to a network treatment: one commonly applied form of the general linear model, impulse response models, and network control models. For each, we describe the model’s basic form, review its use in the field, and provide a frank assessment of its relative strengths and weaknesses. The discussion naturally motivates future efforts to interlink data analysis, computational modeling, and formal theory. Our goal is to inspire practitioners to consider the assumptions implicit in their analytical approach, align those assumptions to the complexity of the systems under study, and take advantage of exciting recent advances in modeling the relations between perturbations and system function.
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35

Simo, Pep, Jose M. Sallan, Vicenc Fernandez, and Mihaela Enache. "Change-oriented organizational citizenship behavior." International Journal of Organizational Analysis 24, no. 2 (May 9, 2016): 261–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijoa-10-2014-0805.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between a challenging dimension of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and self-regulatory focus in an academic work setting. Job performance indicators were included to assess the nomological validity of regulatory focus measures. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using a questionnaire conducted with 251 Spanish academic workers. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings Results reveal the existence of positive relationships between promotion focus and two of the outcomes: change-oriented OCB and research-oriented performance-enhancement intention. On the other hand, prevention focus had only a significant relationship with teacher-oriented performance-enhancement intention. Research limitations/implications The limitations of this research are twofold: on the one hand, further research should overcome the methodological limitations related with data gathering, looking for third-party measures of performance and favoring longitudinal data collection designs. On the other hand, more research is needed on the malleability of regulatory focus, defining models when prevention and promotion focus act as mediating variables. Practical implications Individuals with high levels of promotion focus will put their efforts on the tasks which are more valued in the processes of tenure, promotion and compensation. On the other hand, individuals with high levels of prevention focus will tend to meet the minimum of requirements and accomplish salient job duties. That can be taken into account when defining human resource policies, giving a high weight in the assessment of tenure and promotion programs to the tasks where the organization wants their promotion focus individuals to center their attention. Originality/value This paper is one of the first efforts of validating the Regulatory Focus at Work Scale in organizational and academic contexts different from the initial validation study. The study also contributes to research on the antecedents of change-oriented OCBs, and defines new measures of intentions to perform in specific working activities.
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Sun, Shuya, and Qingsheng Li. "A Behavior Change Mining Method Based on Complete Logs with Hidden Transitions and Their Applications in Disaster Chain Risk Analysis." Sustainability 15, no. 2 (January 14, 2023): 1655. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15021655.

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The aim of change mining is to discover changes in process models based on execution data recorded in event logs. There may be hidden transitions in the process models related to, for example, business integration and user requirements that do not exist in event logs. Behavioral change mining in the case of hidden transitions is a fundamental problem in the field of change mining. Existing research on change mining has not considered the effects of hidden transitions. This paper proposes a novel method based on complete logs with hidden transitions for mining behavioral changes. We analyze the behavioral relations of activities based on changed logs under the condition that the original model is unknown. Log-driven change mining is realized by calculating the log behavioral profile, minimum successor relation, and log-weighted coefficient, which allows the mining of hidden transitions, as well as changed behavioral relations. Finally, this method is applied to disaster chain risk analysis, and the evolution of disaster chains in different scenarios is mined from disaster logs to determine the type of disaster chain. The results of this paper provide a scientific basis for the strategy of chain-cutting disaster mitigation in the emergency management of disaster chains.
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Harris, Maurita, and Wendy Rogers. "Integrating Technology Acceptance and Behavior Change Theories to Guide Technology Interventions." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1823.

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Abstract Technology interventions are commonly proposed as an effective means to support health self-management in older adults. For such interventions to be successful, we must identify individuals who are willing to adopt and adhere to these technologies. The general Technology Acceptance Model (TAM; Davis 1989) has been widely used to predict intentions to adopt technology in a variety of contexts. Likewise, the Theory of Planned Behavior (Azjen, 1991) has long been used to provide insights about health behaviors. These theories share three common stages: attitudes, behavior intentions, and acceptance. However, neither perspective provides insight into continued utilization of a technology tool (i.e., long-term adoption). Our goal is to integrate these models with the Transtheoretic Model of Behavior Change (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997) to provide insights that can help design technological interventions for older adults who want to change a health behavior and maintain that change over time.
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Shen, Qiangru, Yujie Ni, Hui Cao, Wangping Qian, and Gen Li. "How Do Vehicles Make Decisions during Implementation Period of Discretionary Lane Change? A Data-Driven Research." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2023 (February 14, 2023): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2586372.

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To investigate and compare the lane changing behavior of passenger cars and heavy vehicles during the implementation period (defined as the interval from the start time to the end time of a lane change maneuver), this study applies the gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT) method to model the lane changing behavior of heavy vehicles and passenger cars, respectively. Results show that the lane change models vary with the vehicle types and lane change directions. Different factors are considered by the drivers of passenger cars and heavy vehicles when implementing lane changes to different directions. Partial dependence plots of GBDT models reveal that the influence of independent variables on lane changing behavior is nonlinear and complicated, which means that the same variable leads to various effects on the lane change decision across different vehicle types and lane change directions. In contrast with other state-of-the-art methods, the proposed method can obtain more accurate results. The findings indicate that it is necessary to build specific lane change models based on vehicle types and lane change directions for microscopic traffic simulators and autonomous vehicles.
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Johnson, Henry Lee. "Modifying Sexual Risk Health Behavior Change Models to Incorporate Alcohol-Related Factors." Sexual Addiction & Compulsivity 26, no. 1-2 (April 3, 2019): 126–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10720162.2019.1608879.

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Keller, Colleen S., and Janet D. Allan. "Evaluation of Selected Behavior Change Theoretical Models Used in Weight Management Interventions." Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing E8, no. 1 (June 2001): 61–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-475x.2001.00061.x.

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41

Sun, Teng, Furong Liu, Jicheng Guo, Gang Han, and Yongzhi Zhang. "A Phase-Change Mechanism of GST-SL Based Superlattices upon Sb Flipping." Materials 14, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14020360.

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Reversible phase-change behaviors of Ge–Sb–Te based superlattices (GST-SL) were studied by ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations based on three models containing Ge/Sb intermixing, namely the Petrov-mix, Ferro-mix, and Kooi-mix models. The flipping behavior of Sb atoms was found in all the three GST-SL models in the melting process. Among them the Kooi-mix model exhibited the best stability, and the analyses of bond length distribution and electron localization function provided a better explanation on the phase transition of GST-SL. Finally, we proposed a fast switching model for GST-SL based on Sb flipping.
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Rose, Tom. "Achieving leadership behavior change at scale." Strategic HR Review 17, no. 6 (November 12, 2018): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/shr-07-2018-0050.

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Purpose The growing force of disruptive change is creating whitewater work environments across the profit and not-for-profit world. To help leaders overcome the challenge of achieving improvements in leadership performance, this study aims to outline research and case examples that illustrate a four-point roadmap for improving this performance at scale. Design/methodology/approach The study summarizes new research on leadership and organizational high performance and practices that drive high performance today. It relates these finding to trends evidenced in the work being done by HR organizations and the consulting firms that serve them. It then outlines an evidence-based roadmap for achieving improvements in leadership performance that HR organizations can adopt to achieve improvements in leadership performance. Findings Successful organizations intervene at four leverage points to meet the challenge achieving the shifts in leadership behavior needed for success in today’s permanent whitewater environments. These organizations are focusing on two types of leadership, leveraging two approaches to its development and are leveraging critical enablers that benefit from strong alignments within HR and between HR and their business leader colleagues. Originality/value The study highlights new research finding and research-based models of leadership performance that meet the demands of today’s workplace. It synthesizes a new four-point roadmap to success from trends discovered in recent research on leadership, technology-assisted behavior change and organizational effectiveness, as well as in the example of in high-performing organizations.
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43

Green, Kevin M., Brian A. Crawford, Katherine A. Williamson, and Amielle A. DeWan. "A Meta-Analysis of Social Marketing Campaigns to Improve Global Conservation Outcomes." Social Marketing Quarterly 25, no. 1 (January 23, 2019): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1524500418824258.

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The rapidly increasing rate of biodiversity and habitat loss across the globe can be largely attributed to human behaviors. Conservation practitioners have struggled to influence behaviors through traditional awareness-raising efforts and been slow to adopt techniques from the behavioral sciences such as social marketing to change behaviors and improve conservation outcomes. We conducted a meta-analysis of 84 social marketing campaigns that applied the same theory of change for human behavior to disrupt patterns of destructive activities such as illegal hunting and overfishing. Questionnaires of more than 20,000 individuals across 18 countries measured changes in behavioral variables pre- and post-campaigns, including knowledge, attitudes, interpersonal communication, behavior intention, and behavior. For each campaign, we extracted data and validated data for behavioral variables, estimated mean effect sizes for each variable across all campaigns, and used path analysis to measure relationships among variables included in seven different models. On average, all behavioral variables increased significantly ( p < .001) from 16.1 to 25.0 percentage points following social marketing campaigns. The full model used a combination of all variables and had the highest explained variation in behavior change (71%). Our results highlight the importance of (a) incorporating behavioral theory and social marketing into traditional conservation programs to address threats to biodiversity across the globe; (b) designing interventions that leverage a combination of community knowledge, attitudes, and communication about a behavior; and (c) facilitating more opportunities for interpersonal communication as a main driver of behavior change. We conclude with potential applications for practitioners interested in behavior change campaigns.
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Treseder, Kathleen K. "Model behavior of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi: predicting soil carbon dynamics under climate change." Botany 94, no. 6 (June 2016): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjb-2015-0245.

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In this commentary, I advocate for more detailed incorporation of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in Earth system models, to improve our projections of global climate change. Current Earth system models display relatively low predictability of soil C stocks, which limit our ability to estimate future climate conditions. A more explicit incorporation of microbial mechanisms can increase the accuracy of ecosystem-scale models that inform the larger-scale Earth system models. Of the numerous microbial groups that can influence soil C dynamics, AM fungi are particularly tractable for integration in models. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi are globally abundant and perform critical roles in C cycling, such as augmentation of net primary productivity and soil C storage. Moreover, AM communities exhibit relatively low diversity within ecosystems, compared with other microbial groups. In addition, global datasets of AM ecology are available for use in model development. Thus, AM communities can be readily simulated in next-generation trait-based models that link microbial diversity to ecosystem function. Altogether, we are well-poised to incorporate the dynamics of individual AM taxa in ecosystem models, which can then be coupled to Earth system models. Hopefully, these efforts would advance our ability to predict and plan for future climate change.
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Elliot, Diane L., Linn Goldberg, Kerry S. Kuehl, Esther L. Moe, Rosemary K. R. Breger, and Michael A. Pickering. "The PHLAME (Promoting Healthy Lifestyles: Alternative Models??? Effects) Firefighter Study: Outcomes of Two Models of Behavior Change." Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 49, no. 2 (February 2007): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jom.0b013e3180329a8d.

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Mealey, Linda. "Mating strategies as game theory: Changing rules?" Behavioral and Brain Sciences 23, no. 4 (August 2000): 613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x00523371.

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Human behavior can be analyzed using game theory models. Complex games may involve different rules for different players and may allow players to change identity (and therefore, rules) according to complex contingencies. From this perspective, mating behaviors can be viewed as strategic “plays” in a complex “mating game,” with players varying tactics in response to changes in the game's payoff matrix.
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Bakhit, Peter R., Osama A. Osman, and Sherif Ishak. "Detecting Imminent Lane Change Maneuvers in Connected Vehicle Environments." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2645, no. 1 (January 2017): 168–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2645-18.

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Lane changing is a complex decision-making process that is affected by factors such as vehicle features, driver characteristics, network attributes, and traffic conditions. Understanding the changes in driver behavior and vehicle trajectory before the lane change initiation process is essential to the design of a safe and reliable crash avoidance system. The recently introduced connected vehicle (CV) technology provides opportunities for real-time, high-resolution data exchange capability between vehicles. This study explored the high-resolution vehicle trajectory data attainable in CV environments for detecting the onset of lane change maneuvers. The observed change in behavior before the initiation of such a maneuver was examined to identify the associated driving pattern. This pattern was used to develop two lane change detection models: an artificial neural network (ANN) model and a multiple logistic regression (MLR) model. The two models were trained and tested with Next Generation Simulation data collected from a weaving freeway segment in Arlington, Virginia. The results show 80% detection accuracy for the ANN model, compared with 72% for the MLR model. The developed models identified the vehicle speed, acceleration, and speed relative to the lead vehicle as the most significant attributes for lane change detection. Drivers’ intentions could be detected early and potential crashes could be prevented by training these models to capture similar driving behavior patterns.
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Juan, Zhao, Xian Wen Fang, and Xiang Wei Liu. "Analysis of Suspected Change Domain Based on Merged Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 556-562 (May 2014): 4124–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.556-562.4124.

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Analysis of suspected change domain has become the key problems in the area of business process management. But when input models are large complex process models, existing methods have obvious limitations. An analysis method of the change region based on merged Petri model in the paper. Firstly, several complex models are merged into a model with identifiers. Then, an algorithm for extracting the digest from the merged model is given, and the changes are optimized based on module behavior profile. Finally, the suspected changes are analyzed by the traceability of the merged model. The theoretical analysis and specific example show the method is effective.
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Nies, Mary A., Ross A. Dierkhising, Randal J. Thomas, Kristin Vickers, and Simone Salandy. "The Relationship Between Behavior Change Strategies, Physical Activity, and Fruit and Vegetable Intake Following a Cardiac Event." Home Health Care Management & Practice 23, no. 5 (May 3, 2011): 386–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1084822311405455.

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Objective: To assess expectations for recovery and use of behavior change strategies as predictors of subsequent diet and physical activity among adults recently hospitalized for a cardiac event. Design: Quasi-experimental design in which adults with recent cardiac event-related hospitalization completed surveys assessing health behaviors and attitudes immediately post-discharge and three months later. Results: Among those completing the study (n = 323), positive expectations about recovery and more frequent use of behavior change skills predicted greater physical activity and better nutrition at follow-up. In multivariate models, baseline health behavior was a significant predictor of physical activity and fruit and vegetable intake at follow-up (alpha = 0.05). Conclusions: Individuals participating in physical activity and eating a heart-healthy diet approximately three months after cardiac hospitalization possessed behavior change skills. Early intervention is critical as health behaviors occurring just days after hospitalization predicted future health behavior.
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Abakumova, Irina, Anastasia Grishina, Galina Zvezdina, Ekaterina Zvezdina, and Elena Dyakova. "Models of information behavior: changes in psychological boundaries of internet users." E3S Web of Conferences 210 (2020): 20015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021020015.

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The authors conducted a study aimed at studying the characteristics of students with different models of information behavior in connection with the changes in psychological boundaries when using Internet technologies. The article reveals the role of information technologies and technical means, which become an important component of the life of a modern person and change his living space. The authors show the influence of information technologies on mental processes and relationships of people and consider the features of information behavior in connection with possible violation of psychological boundaries when using technical means The article analyses the problem of diagnosing information behavior and contains an overview of diagnostic methods of studying Internet addiction. It’s shown that in modern world information behavior is needed to be studied outside the context of addictive behavior. In the empirical part of the study authors distinguish the models of information behavior: entertaining, informational, communicative, productive and pragmatic. The empirical study defines the main behavioral characteristics of the presented information behavior models and investigate the changes in psychological boundaries when using the Internet among students with different models of information behavior. The results of the study allow to reveal the subjective attitude of students to the possibilities and availability of Internet resources in connection with differences in the severity of the expansion of psychological boundaries in communication, in the reflection of violation of boundaries, in changing needs.
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