Relevant bibliographies by topics / Behavioral nudges

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Behavioral nudges'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Khadzhyradieva, Svitlana, Tetiana Hrechko, and Anatolii Savkov. "Behavioral Insights in Public Policy: Ukrainian Case." Public Policy And Administration 18, no. 1 (April 9, 2019): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.18.1.23130.

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The OECD has identified 196 teams within governments across the world, designed with the purpose of using behavioral insights to improve national administrations. Citizens of various societies support nudges and nudging. However, the determinants of the nudge approval level have not been studied so far. It is not known why some types of nudges are approved by citizens of different countries to a greater extent, and others are actively disapproved. The aim of this study is to reveal the approval level of using Behavioral insights in Public Policy. We have formulated the nudge approval determinants, have analyzed the influence of nudge approval determinants on nudge approval level in 15 countries. We report the results of nationally representative survey of nudge approval level in Ukraine. We have found governance, cultural and experience determinants of nudge approval. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.ppaa.18.1.23130
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VAN DER LINDEN, SANDER. "The future of behavioral insights: on the importance of socially situated nudges." Behavioural Public Policy 2, no. 2 (August 14, 2018): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bpp.2018.22.

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AbstractSocially minded nudges are the more sociable cousin of regular nudges: they reveal important information about other people's behavior, raise normative expectations about what is desirable, can be shared and transmitted online or offline and leverage social incentives and sanctions that regulate individual and group behavior. In this article, I argue that many of the most successful nudges – that is, nudges that have been well replicated, offer positive spill-over and whose effects last over time – have in fact been social nudges. Moreover, the efficacy of other nudges can be enhanced by considering the social dimension of the problem that they are trying to address. In asking where behavioral science should go next, I argue that although the Behavioural Insights Team has traditionally shied away from addressing more complex and sticky societal issues, socially situated nudges are particularly well suited to address many of the important challenges raised by Sanders et al. (2018).
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Nahmias, Yifat. "Privacy Preserving Social Norm Nudges." Michigan Technology Law Review, no. 26.1 (2019): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36645/mtlr.26.1.privacy.

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Nudges comprise a key component of the regulatory toolbox. Both the public and private sectors use nudges extensively in various domains, ranging from environmental regulation to health, food and financial regulation. This article focuses on a particular type of nudge: social norm nudges. It discusses, for the first time, the privacy risks of such nudges. Social norm nudges induce behavioral change by capitalizing on people’s desire to fit in with others, on their predisposition to social conformity, and on their susceptibility to the way information is framed. In order to design effective social norm nudges, personal information about individuals and their behavior must be collected, processed, and later disseminated (usually in some aggregated form). Thus, the use of social norm nudges opens up the possibility for privacy threats. Despite the significant privacy concerns raised by social norm nudges, research on the topic has been scarce. This article makes two contributions to the understanding of the privacy risks underlying the use of social norm nudges. The first contribution is analytic: it demonstrates that using social norm nudges can pose a threat to individuals’ privacy through re-identification of anonymized data. This risk was demonstrated in other contexts (e.g. Netflix recommendation contest). The second contribution is policy oriented: it argues that the strategy of differential privacy can be used to mitigate these privacy risks and offer a way to employ social norms nudges while protecting individuals’ privacy.
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HORTAL, ALEJANDRO. "Nudging and educating: bounded axiological rationality in behavioral insights." Behavioural Public Policy 4, no. 3 (March 8, 2019): 292–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bpp.2019.2.

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AbstractWhile it is broadly accepted that individuals are boundedly rational, the meaning of these boundaries and what to do about them has generated a debate between two different views: one that defendsnudgingas the best possible way to improve the outcome of people's decision and one that criticizes their use. This debate occurs at an instrumental level, conceiving decisions under a goal-oriented perspective. I propose that adding the role of values (axiological rationality) to the discussion can shed new light, not only on this debate, but also on nudges themselves, clarifying and enriching some arguments in the discussion about autonomy and efficiency. This approach will not only be more comprehensive, but it will also increase the effectiveness of nudges by tackling the different components of our rationality. Nudges should not only be goal-oriented; they should also be educational. Non-educational nudges should be used in conjunction with educational interventions. I will illustrate my position with two examples: vaccination policies and nudges in the use of seatbelts.
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Farhi, Emmanuel, and Xavier Gabaix. "Optimal Taxation with Behavioral Agents." American Economic Review 110, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 298–336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.20151079.

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This paper develops a theory of optimal taxation with behavioral agents. We use a general framework that encompasses a wide range of biases such as misperceptions and internalities. We revisit the three pillars of optimal taxation: Ramsey (linear commodity taxation to raise revenues and redistribute), Pigou (linear commodity taxation to correct externalities), and Mirrlees (nonlinear income taxation). We show how the canonical optimal tax formulas are modified and lead to novel economic insights. We also show how to incorporate nudges in the optimal taxation framework, and jointly characterize optimal taxes and nudges. (JEL D62, D91, H21)
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Schär, Armando. "Digital Nudge Efficacy and the Influence of Personality in Pre-Purchase Information Research." International Journal of Applied Behavioral Economics 10, no. 4 (October 2021): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijabe.2021100103.

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This study analyses digital nudging in the early stages of the customer journey. The experimental approach investigates the influence of digital nudging principles on decision making when searching for educational programs. The online experiment shows significant impact for three of the five digital nudging principles and greatly varying effect sizes. Social norms, anchoring and adjustment, and status quo nudging principles have a substantial impact when used in the pre-purchase stage. Loss aversion and hyperbolic discounting nudges have not shown a significant influence on choice behavior. Furthermore, extraverted individuals show significantly less behavioral change when confronted with a loss aversion nudge. These results imply a careful consideration of the chosen nudging principle and the target groups personalities when implementing digital nudges and start a novel discussion on the usage of digital nudges in the pre-purchase stage of the customer journey.
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Teichman, Doron, and Kristen Underhill. "Infected by Bias: Behavioral Science and the Legal Response to COVID-19." American Journal of Law & Medicine 47, no. 2-3 (July 2021): 205–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/amj.2021.16.

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This Article presents the first comprehensive analysis of the contribution of behavioral science to the legal response to the COVID-19 pandemic. At the descriptive level, the Article shows how different psychological phenomena such as loss aversion and cultural cognition influenced the way policymakers and the public perceived the pandemic, and how such phenomena affected the design of laws and regulations responding to COVID-19. At the normative level, the Article compares nudges (i.e., choice-preserving, behaviorally informed tools that encourage people to behave as desired) and mandates (i.e., obligations backed by sanctions that dictate to people how they must behave). The Article argues that mandates rather than nudges should serve in most cases as the primary legal tool used to regulate behavior during a pandemic. Nonetheless, this Article highlights ways in which nudges can complement mandates.
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Shmakov, Alexandr V. "Nudge in The Conditions of Digital Transformation: Behavioral Basis." Journal of Institutional Studies 13, no. 3 (September 25, 2021): 102–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17835/2076-6297.2021.13.3.102-116.

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Digital transformation in most cases has a positive impact on the economy. However, there is a possibility of negative consequences that worsen the standard of life of the population. Society wants to avoid a decline in living standards. The state policy to minimize the risks of digitalization should be developed for these purposes. Digital transformation leads to the complication of the technological environment, to the deformation of social relations, to a change in decision-making processes. The complexity of the technogenic environment leads to increased cognitive distortions and irrational behavior. Living standards are declining as a result. Classical approaches to government regulation often do not take into account psychophysiological and sociocultural behavioral factors. As a result, the regulation does not have the expected effect. This is especially evident in situations of uncertainty and longtime intervals. Behavioral economics and nudge can help solve these problems. This article provides a systematization and description of the factors that determine behavior. Decision-making processes are characterized. A systematization and explanation of cognitive distortions is proposed. An overview of approaches to the use of nudges to prevent cognitive distortions is proposed. Cases of using nudges to reduce the risks of digitalization are presented.
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Mower, Deborah S. "Reflections on . . . Nudges Across the Curriculum." Teaching Ethics 17, no. 2 (2017): 133–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tej2017121252.

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The primary problem we face when educating for social justice involves making problems and issues ‘real’ in ways that enable deep comprehension of the nature of injustice, the effects of systemic and dynamic causes, and the interaction of structures and policies on the lives of individuals. To address this problem, I examine work from behavioral economics and moral psychology as theoretical resources. I argue that we can glean insights from the notions of behavioral nudges and virtue labeling and propose a new account of nudges, which I call experiential nudges. Experiential nudges provide an important mechanism in educating for social justice, in particular, and can be extended within moral education more broadly.
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Malina, Mary A., and Frank H. Selto. "Behavioral-Economic Nudges and Performance Measurement Models." Journal of Management Accounting Research 27, no. 1 (May 1, 2014): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jmar-50821.

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ABSTRACT We describe the context wherein a Fortune 500 company's performance measurement model (PMM) has endured and evolved over a 15-year period. The PMM's tenure and continued importance refute the alleged faddish nature of PMMs such as the Balanced Scorecard, at least in this case, and allow identification of factors that add to theory about PMM longevity. We use a behavioral-economic framework and qualitative and quantitative data to examine the mechanisms behind this successful PMM. Aspects of the way the PMM is designed and implemented appear to enable the company using the PMM to exploit or mitigate common behavioral heuristics and biases in decision-making. The PMM helps manage cognitive load in a way that is consistent with the company's priorities, and it manages biases by allowing the company to frame performance information in ways that nudge managers toward strategically important results and risks. The behavioral-economic connection might be a reason why this PMM, and perhaps others, endures. Thus, this study adds to and presents preliminary empirical support for testable behavioral-economic PMM theory. Data Availability: Use of all data collected for this study is regulated by a strict nondisclosure agreement, which requires the researchers to protect the company's identity and its proprietary information.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Johan, Egebark. "Taxes, Nudges, and Conformity : Essays in Labor and Behavioral Economics." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Nationalekonomiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-113067.

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This thesis consists of four papers summarized as follows. Do Payroll Tax Cuts Raise Youth Employment? We study whether payroll tax reductions are an effective means to raise youth employment. In 2007, the Swedish employer-paid payroll tax was cut on a large scale for young workers, substantially reducing labor costs for this group. Using the variation in payroll taxes across cohorts, we estimate a significant, but small, impact both on employment and on wages. Effects of Taxes on Youth Self-Employment and Income. I examine the link between taxes and youth self-employment. I make use of a Swedish reform that made the payroll tax and the self-employment tax vary by age. The results suggest that youth self-employment is insensitive to tax reductions, both in the short run and in the somewhat longer run. For those defined as self-employed, I find positive effects on income from self-employment, and negative effects on income from wage employment. Can Indifference Make the World Greener? We conducted a natural field experiment at a large university in Sweden to evaluate the effects of two resource conservation programs. The first intervention consisted of a campaign that actively tried to convince people to cut back on printing in general, and to use double-sided printing whenever possible. The second intervention exploited people's tendency to stick with pre-set alternatives. At random points in time we changed the printers’ default settings, from single-sided to double-sided printing. Whereas the moral appeal had no impact, the default change cut paper use by 15 percent. The Origins of Behavioral Contagion: Evidence from a Field Experiment on Facebook. We explore the micro-level foundations of behavioral contagion by running a natural field experiment on the networking site Facebook. Members of Facebook express positive support to content on the website by clicking a Like button. We show that users are more prone to support content if someone else has done so before.
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Plonquet, Matthieu. "Three essays on using Nudges in business firms." Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01E062.

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Dans cette thèse, nous utilisons l’approche Nudge pour résoudre des problèmes comportementaux auxquelles les entreprises peuvent être confrontées. Dans le premier chapitre, nous commençons par exposer certains des problèmes que l’économie classique peine à résoudre, puis nous présentons l’approche Nudge et expliquons en quoi elle peut être une alternative efficace. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous utilisons le Nudge pour changer la formulation d’invitations à participer à des enquêtes sur internet afin d’en augmenter le taux de participation. Nous trouvons que la plupart des Nudges parviennent à convaincre les individus de laisser leur adresse e-mail, mais que seuls ceux qui reconnaissent leurs efforts améliorent le taux de participation. Dans le troisième chapitre, nous utilisons le Nudge pour développer des enquêtes de satisfaction très courtes, administrées chaque mois, et comparons les résultats ainsi obtenus à ceux d’une enquête plus longue en fin de stage. Nous trouvons que la satisfaction lors du premier mois est fortement corrélée à la satisfaction finale, ce qui rend possible de détecter d’éventuels problèmes très tôt. Dans le chapitre final, nous utilisons les Nudges pour rendre une tâche simple plus ludique, une approche appelée « gamification ». Les Nudges augmentent la productivité autant que des incitations monétaires, sans coûter autant que ces dernières. Par ailleurs, les Nudges améliorent la motivation intrinsèque quand ils ne sont pas implémentés en même temps que les incitations. Nous concluons avec des conseils pratiques pour les décideurs souhaitant essayer le Nudge
In this work, we use the Nudge approach to solve behavioral problems that business firms may have to face. In the first chapter, we start by exposing some issues that the classical economic approach struggles with, before presenting the Nudge approach and why we believe it is relevant to the problems that businesses still face today. In the second chapter, we change the formulations of the invitations to participate to web surveys, using Nudge principles, in order to improve participation rate. Most Nudges increase the proportion of individuals giving their e-mail address, but only those that acknowledge the respondent's effort increase participation rate. In the third chapter, we use the Nudge approach's teachings to improve the measurement of job satisfaction. We measure the satisfaction of interns every month during their internships with a very short survey, and compare it to a lengthy survey administered at the end of the internship. We find that satisfaction during the first month of the internship is highly correlated with final satisfaction, which makes it possible to detect potential problems very early. In the final chapter, we use Nudges to improve productivity by making a simple task more playful, a process called “gamification”. Nudges generate the same increase in productivity as the monetary incentives, without the added cost of the latter. Moreover, unless monetary incentives are implemented at the same time, Nudges increase intrinsic motivation. We conclude our work with practical advice for decision-makers who want to try Nudging
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Goepel, Nell, Frida Svanhall, and Maira Rahme. "Strategic Recommendations for the Design of Nudges towards a Sustainable Society." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-10419.

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Chern, Larissa. "Nudging Towards Social Change: The Application of Psychology and Behavioral Economics in Promoting Responsible Consumption." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1641.

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With workplace disasters in developing countries increasingly in the news, a major question is how to encourage consumers to use corporate social responsibility as a criterion in purchasing. Distinct from environmental concerns, social responsibility is defined here with respect to the humanitarian aspects of corporate practice, including fair wages and working conditions, equitable treatment of the disadvantaged, and restriction of child labor. Although the idea of socially responsible consumption (SRC) was first identified over forty years ago, most recent research on changing consumption habits focuses specifically on environmentally responsible consumption (ERC). Combining the psychological concept of social norms with economic emphasis on choice framing, research in behavioral economics has suggested that ERC can be promoted by “nudges,” low-cost initiatives that alter the decision environment to favor specific options. Here, we provide an overview of the existing literature on nudges and consumer choice, including the role of social norms, as well as other factors involved in successful social messaging. Previous research on ERC suggests that social norm nudges may result in higher rates of energy conservation, recycling and reuse, and purchasing of ecologically-friendly products. Applying these findings to the domain of SRC, we propose a set of possible interventions to increase consumer attention to social responsibility, highlighting the distinguishing roles of empathy and targeted demographic appeals in nudging consumers towards social change.
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Jesus, Wesdra Xavier de. "O último a sair apague a luz: a economia comportamental aplicada ao consumo de energia elétrica da UFG." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2018. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/8575.

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This study brings theoretical levers of Behavioral Economics applied to the public sector. The Federal University of Goiás, faced with its expansion in recent years, driven by growth programs, faced with the need to adjust its budgetary reality to the frank expansion of its funding, among them, electric energy that is treated in this research. The institution made use of tools of the Behavioral Economics with the use of nudges in order to seek to circumvent resource allocation needs beyond and behavioral changes of its population for saving of electric energy, being the analysis of this action the objective of the research. The methodology used was to search among the Consumer Units randomly, within some established basic prerequisites, those that served as the basis for comparative mathematical calculations related to assessing the efficiency, effectiveness and effectiveness of the action. The results showed that within what was established by the action, among the Consumer Units tested, the results were within the expected by the action. The intervention proposal was the recommendation of the use of a manual for insertion of nudges, besides proposing other forms of nudge use, and it is suggested to use virtual banners on the institution's internet pages
Este estudo traz alavancas teóricas da Economia Comportamental aplicada ao setor público. A Universidade Federal de Goiás ante sua expansão dos últimos anos, impulsionadas por programas de crescimento, viu-se diante da necessidade de adequar sua realidade orçamentária a franca expansão de seu custeamento, dentre eles, energia elétrica que é tratado nesta pesquisa. A instituição fez uso de ferramentas da Economia Comportamental com uso de nudges afim de procurar contornar necessidades de alocação de recursos além e mudanças comportamentais de sua população para economia de energia elétrica, sendo, a análise desta ação o objetivo da pesquisa. A metodologia utilizada foi buscar entre as Unidades Consumidoras de forma aleatória, dentro de alguns pré-requisitos básicos estabelecidos, aquelas que serviram de base para cálculos matemáticos comparativos afins de aferir a eficiência, efetividade e eficácia da ação. Os resultados mostraram que dentro do que fora estabelecido pela ação, dentre as Unidades Consumidoras testadas, os resultados foram dentro do esperado pela ação. A proposta de intervenção foi recomendação do uso de manual para inserção de nudges além de propor outras formas de uso de nudges, sendo sugerido uso de banners virtuais nas páginas de internet da instituição.
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Zarifnejad, Sirwan, and Petra Johansson. "Nudge Management; a way to Motivate Healthier Behavior." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-38067.

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Today, organizations are facing rising costs caused by increased employee sick - leave. A way to motivate employees to choose a healthier lifestyle is for the employer to offer wellness incentives. However, not too many employees are taking advantage of the incentives. According to the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change (TTM) , people are at different stages in their behavior change process. By knowing their personal obstacles to change, organizations can use nudge management and wellness incentives to help their employees to choose a healthier lifestyle. In order to get some answers, we conducted qualitative interviews at the Swedish Migration Agency. The result of our research showed seven main obstacles, and in this thesis we have explored dif erent nudges organizations can use to promote health and to lower sick - leave.
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Frerichs, Sabine. "What Is the 'Social' in Behavioural Economics? The Methodological Underpinnings of Governance by Nudges." Edward Elgar Publishing, 2018. http://epub.wu.ac.at/5710/1/Frerichs_2018_What%2Dis%2Dthe%2DSocial%2Din%2DBE_submitted%2Dversion.pdf.

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Behavioural economics builds on psychology rather than on sociology, and on cognitive science rather than the science of culture. The same is true for new behavioural scholarship in the legal discipline, whether this is referred to as 'behavioural law and economics' or 'law and the behavioural sciences'. The result of a one-sided definition of a more realist research agenda in legal scholarship is an impoverished understanding of the 'social'. In Thaler and Sunstein's famous concept of nudging, social conformity appears as a property of the individual, which can be instrumentalized by social nudges. More generally, the cognitive strand of behavioural economics lends itself to strategies of regulatory 'debiasing', which suggests that it is possible to get down to pure preferences that are free from any distortions. While this approach neglects the endogeneity, or social contingency, of individual preferences, the social strand of behavioural economics is explicitly concerned with the dynamics of social interaction, or the effects of social interdependence. However, both strands of behavioural economics are still higher on methodological individualism, naturalism or positivism and lower on institutionalism, culturalism or constructivism than a genuinely sociological approach. More specifically, their understanding of the 'social' does not sufficiently account for the social embeddedness of both rational and irrational economic action. What is more, behavioural economics also lacks the means to reflect on the link between science and politics, which includes the question of why different models of economic man are attractive at different points in time. The conceptual move from rational to behavioural economic man bears distinctive policy implications, which are in line with the transformation of welfare capitalism towards 'less state' and 'more market'. While the overall direction of this project gets blurred in Thaler and Sunstein's branding of 'libertarian paternalism', it is evident in the adaptation of consumer policies, which proceeds under the imperative of market-conformity. Accordingly, a strategy of nudging does not put into question the wider institutional context but offers a technical solution to what is defined as a problem of individual behavioural rigidities and cognitive biases in the market environment.
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Berger, Kenneth John. "Saving water in schools: evidence on the use of smart water meters and behavioural insights." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31407.

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The city of Cape Town suffered a severe water crisis in 2018. At the peak of the drought in South Africa’s Western Cape, a randomised control trial at 105 schools investigated the impact of two behavioural interventions to encourage responsible water usage: detailed water usage data feedback from smart meters, and an interschool competition. Interventions reduced water usage in these schools by 15 to 26%. The information feedback was found to be more effective in reducing night time water use, indicating better water usage by the staff, while the competition was found to be more effective during the day time, indicating better water usage by the pupils. The contrast highlights the way feedback was understood differently by the two groups, with different effects on their assumption of responsibility. This example from Cape Town demonstrates the effectiveness of combining smart technologies with nudges. It provides a model of water conservation interventions for sustainable cities.
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Raineau, Yann. "Défis environnementaux de la viticulture : une analyse comportementale des blocages et des leviers d'action." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0033.

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Cette thèse traite des enjeux environnementaux et sanitaires de l’agriculture sous l’angle de l’économie comportementale. En partant de l’exemple emblématique fourni par la contestation sociale de l’usage des pesticides dans la filière vin, nous montrons pourquoi la réorientation durable du système productif ne peut s’affranchir d’une analyse des arbitrages effectués par les agents économiques. Du côté de la demande, nous mesurons expérimentalement l’effet concurrentiel des certifications (agriculture biologique) et des innovations technologiques (e.g. cépages résistants, réduction des sulfites) sur les préférences des consommateurs. Nous observons que ceux-ci sont prêts à revoir en partie leurs exigences gustatives en faveur d’un niveau élevé de qualité environnementale, mais que leurs motivations sont en partie liées à des attentes sanitaires, générant des signaux contradictoires pour l’offre. Le faible niveau d’information auquel ils ont accès constitue par ailleurs un frein à la sélection des meilleurs produits. Au niveau de l’offre, nous soutenons que la réponse à cette demande reste fortement limitée par l’inertie du système productif. Celle-ci peut être attribuée à une aversion au risque mais aussi, de nouveau, à un déficit informationnel, bien plus qu’à des comportements déviants liés au mimétisme, souvent incriminé en agriculture. Ce déficit porte cette fois sur les possibilités d’action de l’amont de la filière, dans notre cas les viticulteurs. Nous donnons alors des pistes d’orientation des politiques publiques de régulation, au niveau global ou au niveau plus local de la gouvernance d’entreprise, pour faciliter l’adéquation entre offre et demande sociétale
This thesis deals with the impact of agriculture on health and the environment from a behavioural economics perspective. Focusing on the controversial use of pesticides in the winegrowing industry, I demonstrate the importance of considering the trade-offs made by economic actors in order to understand the obstacles hindering a shift to sustainable production. On the consumer side, I experimentally measure the competitive effect of certification (organic farming) and technological innovations (e.g. resistant grapevines, reduction of sulphites) on consumers’ preferences. I observe that consumers are partly willing to review their taste requirements in exchange for high environmental quality level, but that their motives are essentially health-oriented, generating contradictory signals towards producers. Besides, selecting the best products is hampered by the little information consumers are provided with. On the supply side, I argue that ability to meet demand is strongly limited by the inertia of the production system. This inertia can be attributed to risk aversion but again, to a large extent, to a lack of information, rather than being, as is often suggested in an agricultural context, the result of imitation. This lack of information this time concerns the various options available upstream, in this instance, on the part of winegrowers. I then provide guidelines for public regulatory policies, at global level or at more local level of corporate governance, to enable a match between supply and societal demand
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Ogrodnik, Marysia. "An economic analysis of addictive behaviors and drug policy in France." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E031.

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L'objectif de cette thèse composée de six articles théoriques et empiriques, est d'identifier les moyens les plus efficaces d'encourager les usagers de drogues – légales et illégales – à adopter des habitudes plus saines en réduisant leur consommation. La première étape consiste à évaluer l’ampleur du problème en mesurant le coût social des drogues (tabac, alcool et drogues illicites) en France en 2010. Malgré les campagnes de prévention massives, la proportion inquiétante des consommateurs de substances nocives, mais surtout, la part élevée de personnes déclarant regretter d'avoir commencé leur consommation, conduisent à reconsidérer le paradigme traditionnel de l’addiction rationnelle, à la base de la plupart des travaux de recherche sur les addictions en économie. Au contraire, admettre une polyphasie cognitive chez les individus avec d’une part, un planner prenant ses décisions aussi rationnellement que ses capacités cognitives ne le lui permettent, et un doer ne cherchant qu’à atteindre une satisfaction immédiate, permet de construire un cadre théorique original tenant compte des émotions de court terme et de long terme des agents, ainsi que le rôle des normes sociales sur leurs décisions de consommation addictives. Le modèle construit à partir de ce cadre, ainsi que son analyse sur un panel de fumeurs français, permet de proposer des politiques novatrices visant à renforcer la motivation des individus à arrêter leur consommation addictive en réduisant leurs problèmes d’autocontrôle, en agissant sur leur perception des dangers liés à l’usage de drogues, et en ciblant un changement normatif de leur consommation. La plupart de ces recommandations ne sont pas applicables aux drogues illégales en raison de leur statut juridique. De ce fait, le seul levier permettant de définir une stratégie visant à réduire les coûts induits, est l’étude des alternatives juridiques à la pénalisation de la consommation, en particulier en ce qui concerne le cannabis, qui est la drogue illicite la plus largement utilisée en France, mais également dans la plupart des pays développés
The objective of this thesis, composed of six academic papers, is to identify how to encourage people to adopt healthier habits by reducing their ⎯ legal and illegal ⎯ drug consumption. The first step is to evaluate the importance of the problem by measuring the social costs of drugs (tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs) in France in 2010. Despite massive prevention campaigns, the worrying proportion of harmful substance users and the high proportion of individuals who declare they regret having started consumption leads to reconsideration of the traditional paradigm of rational addiction and its extensions at the basis of most research works on addiction in economics. In contrast, admitting that individuals exhibit a dual process of reasoning, with a planner acting as rationally as the individual’s cognitive capabilities permit on the one hand and a doer who only seeks short-term rewards on the other, allows the construction of an original theoretical framework that takes into account consumers’ short-term and long-term emotions, and the role of social norms in addictive consumption. The model built from this framework and its testing through an analysis of smokers permit the proposal of innovative policies aiming to enhance individuals’ motivation to quit addictive consumption by (i) reducing their self-control problems, (ii) acting on their perception of the danger of the drug, and (iii) by targeting a normative change. Most of these recommendations are not applicable to illegal drugs due to their legal status. Thus, the strategy to reduce harm in this instance is to study the legal alternatives to the criminalization of use, especially for cannabis, which is the most widely used illegal drug in France, as it also is in most developed countries
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Books on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

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Thaler, Richard H. Nudge: Improving decisions about health, wealth, and happiness. New York: Penguin Books, 2009.

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Live nude elf: The sexperiments of Reverend Jen. Brooklyn: Soft Skull Press, 2009.

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Charlotte, Cotton, ed. Alvin Booth: Corpus: beyond the body. Zurich: Edition Stemmle, 1999.

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Neil, Marcus, and Steichmann Lisa, eds. Cripple poetics: A love story. Ypsilanti, Mich: Homofactus Press, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Sunstein, Cass R. "People Like Nudges (Mostly)." In Human Agency and Behavioral Economics, 17–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55807-3_2.

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Wendel, Steve. "Behavioral Nudges and Consumer Technology." In Nudge Theory in Action, 95–123. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31319-1_5.

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Sunstein, Cass R. "People Prefer Educative Nudges (Kind Of)." In Human Agency and Behavioral Economics, 41–72. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55807-3_3.

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John, Peter. "Behavioral Approaches: How Nudges Lead to More Intelligent Policy Design." In Contemporary Approaches to Public Policy, 113–31. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-50494-4_7.

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Ghisellini, Fabrizio, and Beryl Y. Chang. "Should Biased Nudgers Nudge Us?" In Behavioral Economics, 201–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75205-1_10.

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Stevens, Jack. "Accountable Justifications and Peer Comparisons as Behavioral Economic Nudges to Improve Clinical Practice." In Patient Safety and Quality Improvement in Healthcare, 255–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-55829-1_15.

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Coventry, Lynne, Pam Briggs, Debora Jeske, and Aad van Moorsel. "SCENE: A Structured Means for Creating and Evaluating Behavioral Nudges in a Cyber Security Environment." In Design, User Experience, and Usability. Theories, Methods, and Tools for Designing the User Experience, 229–39. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07668-3_23.

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Corr, Philip, and Anke Plagnol. "Nudge." In Behavioral Economics, 149–77. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, [2018] | Series: The basics: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315391229-6.

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Williams, Richard. "Conclusion: Behavioral Economics and Policy Interventions." In Nudge Theory in Action, 317–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31319-1_12.

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White, Mark D. "Overview of Behavioral Economics and Policy." In Nudge Theory in Action, 15–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31319-1_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Mahdavi Hosseini, Shaudi. "Learning framework with joint task optimization applied to consumer health applications with behavioral nudges." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/bigdata50022.2020.9377938.

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Leite, Rodolfo Carvalho, Jane Henriques Gonçalves Marinho Gomes, Luciana Pereira de Avelar, and DANIEL PAULINO TEIXEIRA LOPES. "Experimentação Para A Inovação: Uma Proposta De Nudge Digital Para Testar A Tomada De Decisão De Adoção De Serviços Financeiros Inovadores." In Anais do Behavioral Science Lab. Recife, Brasil: Even3, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29327/142409.1-1.

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Potvin-Bernal, J., and L. H. Shu. "Promoting Energy-Efficient Driving Using Associative Graphical Displays: Can a Cup of Coffee Encourage You to Drive More Smoothly?" In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97296.

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Abstract Substantial energy savings during the use phase of internal-combustion and electric automobiles can be achieved by increasing eco-driving behavior, particularly reduced acceleration and braking. However, motivating widespread adoption of this behavior is challenging, with obstacles including incompatibility with drivers’ values and priorities, and disassociation between drivers’ actions and observable consequences. Efforts focused on informational approaches, e.g., training programs and educational campaigns, are both difficult to scale up and largely ineffective, with drivers reluctant to make long-term changes. Alternatively, behavior can be influenced by redesigning the context within which the behavior occurs. Such an intervention must be effective across demographics and underlying behaviors to achieve ubiquity. The current study investigates the perceived effect on driving style of a simple graphical dashboard display depicting an animated coffee cup. This display incorporates associative mental models and contextual relevance to increase the salience of inefficient vehicle movements and nudge drivers to adopt a smoother driving style. An online Amazon-Mechanical-Turk survey with 92 participants revealed a significant preference for the coffee cup over two other displays when controlling for demographic variables. This result offers preliminary evidence suggesting that greater success at promoting eco-driving may be achieved by using a behavioral nudge.
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Cunha, José Adson O. G. da, and Yuska Paola Costa Aguiar. "Reflections on the role of nudges in human-computer interaction for behavior change." In IHC '20: XIX Brazilian Symposium on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3424953.3426652.

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Nakamura, Yugo. "IoT Nudge: IoT Data-driven Nudging for Health Behavior Change." In UbiComp '21: The 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3460418.3479280.

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Edwards, Stephen H., and Zhiyi Li. "A Proposal to Use Gamification Systematically to Nudge Students Toward Productive Behaviors." In Koli Calling '20: 20th Koli Calling International Conference on Computing Education Research. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3428029.3428057.

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Smorodina, E. A., E. Yu Polyakova, and T. S. Kadochnikova. "Influence of behavioral factors on decision making by individuals and nudge concept: theoretical and experimental analysis." In Proceedings of the 1st International Scientific Conference "Modern Management Trends and the Digital Economy: from Regional Development to Global Economic Growth" (MTDE 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/mtde-19.2019.77.

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Khern-am-nuai, Warut, Weining Yang, and Ninghui Li. "Using Context-Based Password Strength Meter to Nudge Users' Password Generating Behavior: A Randomized Experiment." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2017.071.

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Kanji, Suman, Benjamin Johnson, Kristina Witcher, Pooja Gulati Gulati, Shannon Chen, Jonathan Godbout, Randy J. Nelson, Saikh Haque, and Arnab Chakravarti. "Abstract 4754: Fractionated whole brain radiation-induced behavioral changes in athymic nude mice is associated with sustained neuroinflammation and microglial M1-phenotype." In Proceedings: AACR Annual Meeting 2017; April 1-5, 2017; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4754.

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Reports on the topic "Behavioral nudges"

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Mateo Díaz, Mercedes, Laura Becerra Luna, Juan Manuel Hernández-Agramonte, Florencia López, Marcelo Pérez Alfaro, and Alejandro Vasquez Echeverria. Nudging Parents to Improve Preschool Attendance in Uruguay. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002901.

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Uruguay has increased it preschool enrollment, reaching almost universal coverage among four- and five-year-olds. However, more than a third of children enrolled in preschool programs have insufficient attendance, with absenteeism higher in schools in lower socioeconomic areas and among younger preschool children. This paper presents the results of a behavioral intervention to increase preschool attendance nationwide. Most previous experiments using behavioral sciences have looked at the impact of nudging parents on attendance and learning for school-age children; this is the first experiment looking at both attendance and child development for preschool children. It is also the first behavioral intervention to use a government mobile app to send messages to parents of preschool children. The intervention had no average treatment effect on attendance, but results ranged widely across groups. Attendance by children in the 25th 75th percentiles of absenteeism rose by 0.320.68 days over the course of the 13-week intervention, and attendance among children in remote areas increased by 1.48 days. Among all children in the study, the intervention also increased language development by 0.10 standard deviations, an impact similar to that of very labor-intensive programs, such as home visits. The intervention had stronger effects on children in the remote provinces of Uruguay, increasing various domains of child development by about 0.33 to 0.37 standard deviations. Behavioral interventions seeking to reduce absenteeism and raise test scores usually nudge parents on both the importance of attendance and ways to improve child development. In this experiment, the nudges focused only on absenteeism but had an effect on both.
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Ajzenman, Nicolás, Gregory Elacqua, Diana Hincapié, Analia Jaimovich, Florencia López Bóo, Diana Paredes, and Alonso Román. Do You Want to Become a Teacher?: Career Choice Motivation Using Behavioral Strategies. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003325.

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Qualified teachers are a fundamental input for any education system. Yet, many countries struggle to attract highly skilled applicants to the teaching profession. This paper presents the results of a large-scale intervention to attract high performing high-school students into the teaching profession in Chile. The intervention was a three-arm email campaign which made salient three types of motivations typically associated with the teaching profession: intrinsic/altruistic, extrinsic, and prestige-related. The objective was to identify which type of message better appealed to high performing students to nudge them to choose a teaching major. The “intrinsic” and “prestige” arms reduced applications to teaching majors among high performers, while the “extrinsic” arm increased applications among low performers. A plausible interpretation could be that the “intrinsic” and “prestige” messages made more salient an issue that could otherwise be overlooked by high performing students (typically from more advantaged households), negatively impacting their program choice: that while the social value of the teaching profession has improved, it still lags behind other professions that are valued more by their families and social circles. In turn, the “extrinsic” arm made salient the recent improvements in the economic conditions of the teaching profession in Chile, thus appealing to low performing students who in general come from disadvantaged families and for whom monetary incentives are potentially more relevant. These results emphasize the importance of having a clear picture of the inherent motivations that could influence individuals career choice. Making salient certain types of motivations to the wrong target group could lead to undesired results.
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Behavioural Economics: A Power that Goes Beyond Nudges. IEDP Ideas for Leaders, October 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.13007/677.

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